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Giovou AE, Gladka MM, Christoffels VM. The Impact of Natriuretic Peptides on Heart Development, Homeostasis, and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:931. [PMID: 38891063 PMCID: PMC11172276 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
During mammalian heart development, the clustered genes encoding peptide hormones, Natriuretic Peptide A (NPPA; ANP) and B (NPPB; BNP), are transcriptionally co-regulated and co-expressed predominately in the atrial and ventricular trabecular cardiomyocytes. After birth, expression of NPPA and a natural antisense transcript NPPA-AS1 becomes restricted to the atrial cardiomyocytes. Both NPPA and NPPB are induced by cardiac stress and serve as markers for cardiovascular dysfunction or injury. NPPB gene products are extensively used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for various cardiovascular disorders. Membrane-localized guanylyl cyclase receptors on many cell types throughout the body mediate the signaling of the natriuretic peptide ligands through the generation of intracellular cGMP, which interacts with and modulates the activity of cGMP-activated kinase and other enzymes and ion channels. The natriuretic peptide system plays a fundamental role in cardio-renal homeostasis, and its potent diuretic and vasodilatory effects provide compensatory mechanisms in cardiac pathophysiological conditions and heart failure. In addition, both peptides, but also CNP, have important intracardiac actions during heart development and homeostasis independent of the systemic functions. Exploration of the intracardiac functions may provide new leads for the therapeutic utility of natriuretic peptide-mediated signaling in heart diseases and rhythm disorders. Here, we review recent insights into the regulation of expression and intracardiac functions of NPPA and NPPB during heart development, homeostasis, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Giovou
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monika M Gladka
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Dinh H, Kovács ZZA, Kis M, Kupecz K, Sejben A, Szűcs G, Márványkövi F, Siska A, Freiwan M, Pósa SP, Galla Z, Ibos KE, Bodnár É, Lauber GY, Goncalves AIA, Acar E, Kriston A, Kovács F, Horváth P, Bozsó Z, Tóth G, Földesi I, Monostori P, Cserni G, Podesser BK, Lehoczki A, Pokreisz P, Kiss A, Dux L, Csabafi K, Sárközy M. Role of the kisspeptin-KISS1R axis in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease and uremic cardiomyopathy. GeroScience 2024; 46:2463-2488. [PMID: 37987885 PMCID: PMC10828495 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally, especially in elderly patients. Uremic cardiomyopathy is a common cardiovascular complication of CKD, characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, and fibrosis. Kisspeptins and their receptor, KISS1R, exert a pivotal influence on kidney pathophysiology and modulate age-related pathologies across various organ systems. KISS1R agonists, including kisspeptin-13 (KP-13), hold promise as novel therapeutic agents within age-related biological processes and kidney-related disorders. Our investigation aimed to elucidate the impact of KP-13 on the trajectory of CKD and uremic cardiomyopathy. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g) were randomized into four groups: (I) sham-operated, (II) 5/6 nephrectomy-induced CKD, (III) CKD subjected to a low dose of KP-13 (intraperitoneal 13 µg/day), and (IV) CKD treated with a higher KP-13 dose (intraperitoneal 26 µg/day). Treatments were administered daily from week 3 for 10 days. After 13 weeks, KP-13 increased systemic blood pressure, accentuating diastolic dysfunction's echocardiographic indicators and intensifying CKD-associated markers such as serum urea levels, glomerular hypertrophy, and tubular dilation. Notably, KP-13 did not exacerbate circulatory uremic toxin levels, renal inflammation, or fibrosis markers. In contrast, the higher KP-13 dose correlated with reduced posterior and anterior wall thickness, coupled with diminished cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas and concurrent elevation of inflammatory (Il6, Tnf), fibrosis (Col1), and apoptosis markers (Bax/Bcl2) relative to the CKD group. In summary, KP-13's influence on CKD and uremic cardiomyopathy encompassed heightened blood pressure and potentially activated inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in the left ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Dinh
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Zsuzsanna Z A Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Merse Kis
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Kupecz
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Anita Sejben
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Márványkövi
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Siska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marah Freiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szonja Polett Pósa
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Galla
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Eszter Ibos
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Éva Bodnár
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Gülsüm Yilmaz Lauber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Isabel Antunes Goncalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - András Kriston
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ferenc Kovács
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Péter Horváth
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zsolt Bozsó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Földesi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Monostori
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Cserni
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Departments of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Saint Ladislaus Campus, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - László Dux
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Márta Sárközy
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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Tan ESJ, Chan SP, Liew OW, Chong JPC, Gerard Leong KT, Daniel Yeo PS, Ong HY, Jaufeerally F, Sim D, Ling LH, Lam CSP, Richards AM. Differential Associations of A-/B-Type Natriuretic Peptides With Cardiac Structure, Function, and Prognosis in Heart Failure. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2024; 12:461-474. [PMID: 37897459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natriuretic peptide (NP) elevations are prognostic in heart failure (HF), but relative atrial NP deficiency in acute HF has been suggested. OBJECTIVES The authors compared plasma concentrations and relative strength of associations of A- and B-type NPs with cardiac structure/function and clinical outcomes in HF. METHODS Midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were measured in patients with compensated HF in a prospective, multicenter study. The primary outcome was a composite of HF-hospitalization or all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included individual primary outcome components and cardiovascular admission. RESULTS Among 1,278 patients (age 60.1 ± 12.1 years, 82% men, left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 34% ± 14%), median concentrations of MR-proANP were 990 pg/mL (Q1-Q3: 557-1,563 pg/mL), NT-proBNP 1,648 pg/mL (Q1-Q3: 652-3,960 pg/mL), and BNP 291 pg/mL (Q1-Q3: 103-777 pg/mL). No subpopulation with inappropriately low MR-proANP (relative to BNP/NT-proBNP) was observed. Clinical event rates were similar for biomarker tertiles. Increments in MR-proANP exhibited steeper associations with concurrent shifts in left ventricular size, diastolic indexes and LVEF than BNP/NT-proBNP at baseline and serially (P < 0.05), and lower odds of beneficial left ventricular reverse remodeling: OR: 0.35 (95% CI: 0.18-0.70). In single-biomarker models, MR-proANP(log10) was associated with the highest hazard (4 to 6 times) for each outcome. In multimarker models, independent associations were observed for the primary outcome (MR-proANP and NT-proBNP), HF-hospitalization and cardiovascular admission (MR-proANP only), and all-cause mortality (NT-proBNP only) (P < 0.05). The discriminative value of MR-proANP was superior to BNP/NT-proBNP (HF-hospitalization) and BNP (primary outcome) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MR-proANP was not inappropriately low relative to concurrent BNP/NT-proBNP values. Proportional increments in MR-proANP were more pronounced than for B-peptides for given decrements in cardiac structure/function. MR-proANP offered greater independent predictive power overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene S J Tan
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Pang Chan
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oi Wah Liew
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jenny P C Chong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Hean Yee Ong
- Department of Cardiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Fazlur Jaufeerally
- Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - David Sim
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Centre, Singapore
| | - Lieng Hsi Ling
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Centre, Singapore; University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; The George Institute for Global Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Mark Richards
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore.
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4
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Jiang D, Matsuzaki M, Ida T, Kitamura K, Tsuruda T, Kaikita K, Kato J. Natriuretic peptides potentiate cardiac hypertrophic response to noradrenaline in rats. Peptides 2023; 166:171035. [PMID: 37263541 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Excessive activation of the sympathetic nervous system is involved in cardiovascular damage including cardiac hypertrophy. Natriuretic peptides are assumed to exert protective actions for the heart, alleviating hypertrophy and/or fibrosis of the myocardium. In contrast to this assumption, we show in the present study that both atrial and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP and CNP) potentiate cardiac hypertrophic response to noradrenaline (NA) in rats. Nine-week-old male Wistar rats were continuously infused with subcutaneous 30 micro-g/h NA without or with persistent intravenous administration of either 1.0 micro-g/h ANP or CNP for 14 days. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded under an unrestrained condition by a radiotelemetry system. Cardiac hypertrophic response to NA was evaluated by heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio and microscopic measurement of myocyte size of the left ventricle. Mean BP levels at the light and dark cycles rose by about 20mmHg following NA infusion for 14 days, with slight increases in HW/BW ratio and ventricular myocyte size. Infusions of ANP and CNP had no significant effects on mean BP in NA-infused rats, while two natriuretic peptides potentiated cardiac hypertrophic response to NA. Cardiac hypertrophy induced by co-administration of NA and ANP was attenuated by treatment with prazosin or atenolol. In summary, both ANP and CNP potentiated cardiac hypertrophic effect of continuously infused NA in rats, suggesting a possible pro-hypertrophic action of natriuretic peptides on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Jiang
- Frontier Science Research Center, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | | | - Takanori Ida
- Frontier Science Research Center, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Frontier Science Research Center, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tsuruda
- Department of Hemo-Vascular Advanced Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Johji Kato
- Frontier Science Research Center, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
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5
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Forte M, Marchitti S, Di Nonno F, Stanzione R, Schirone L, Cotugno M, Bianchi F, Schiavon S, Raffa S, Ranieri D, Fioriniello S, Della Ragione F, Torrisi MR, Carnevale R, Valenti V, Versaci F, Frati G, Vecchione C, Volpe M, Rubattu S, Sciarretta S. NPPA/atrial natriuretic peptide is an extracellular modulator of autophagy in the heart. Autophagy 2023; 19:1087-1099. [PMID: 35998113 PMCID: PMC10012953 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
NPPA/atrial natriuretic peptide (natriuretic peptide type A) exerts critical pleiotropic effects in the cardiovascular system, limiting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, reducing cardiac fibrosis and promoting vascular integrity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects still need to be clarified. We demonstrated for the first time that macroautophagy/autophagy is involved in the local protective effects of NPPA in cardiomyocytes (CMs), both in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous NPPA rapidly activates autophagy in CMs through NPR1/type A natriuretic peptide receptor and PRKG/protein kinase G signaling and also increases cardiac autophagy in mice. Remarkably, endogenous NPPA is secreted by CMs in response to glucose deprivation or hypoxia, thereby stimulating autophagy through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. NPPA preserves cell viability and reduces hypertrophy in response to stress through autophagy activation. In vivo, we found that Nppa knockout mice undergoing ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) show increased infarct size and reduced autophagy. Reactivation of autophagy by Tat-Beclin D11 limits I/R injury. We also found that the protective effects of NPPA in reducing infarct size are abrogated in the presence of autophagy inhibition. Mechanistically, we found that NPPA stimulates autophagy through the activation of TFEB (transcription factor EB). Our data suggest that NPPA is a novel extracellular regulator of autophagy in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Forte
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Simona Marchitti
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Flavio Di Nonno
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Rosita Stanzione
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Leonardo Schirone
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Department of Internal, Anesthetic and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cotugno
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Franca Bianchi
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Sonia Schiavon
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Raffa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Danilo Ranieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Salvatore Fioriniello
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, via Orazio, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Versaci
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, Latina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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Hajializadeh Z, Khaksari M, Dabiri S, Darvishzadeh Mahani F, Raji-Amirhasani A, Bejeshk MA. Protective effects of calorie restriction and 17-β estradiol on cardiac hypertrophy in ovariectomized obese rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282089. [PMID: 37098007 PMCID: PMC10128952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and menopause lead to cardiovascular diseases. Calorie restriction (CR) can modulate estrogen deficiency and obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. The protective effects of CR and estradiol on cardiac hypertrophy in ovariectomized obese rats were explored in this study. The adult female Wistar rats were divided into sham and ovariectomized (OVX) groups that received a high-fat diet (60% HFD) or standard diet (SD) or 30% CR for 16 weeks, and then, 1mg/kg E2 (17-β estradiol) was injected intraperitoneally every 4 days for four weeks in OVX-rats. Hemodynamic parameters were evaluated before and after each diet. Heart tissues were collected for biochemical, histological, and molecular analysis. HFD consumption led to weight gain in sham and OVX rats. In contrast, CR and E2 led to body weight loss in these animals. Also, heart weight (HW), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio, and left ventricular weight (LVW) were enhanced in OVX rats that received SD and HFD. E2 reduced these indexes in both diet conditions but reduction effects of CR were seen only in HFD groups. HFD and SD feeding increased hemodynamic parameters, ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) mRNA expression, and TGF-β1(transforming growth factor-beta 1) protein level in the OVX animals, while CR and E2 reduced these factors. Cardiomyocyte diameter and hydroxyproline content were increased in the OVX-HFD groups. Nevertheless, CR and E2 decreased these indicators. The results showed that CR and E2 treatment reduced obesity-induced-cardiac hypertrophy in ovariectomized groups (20% and 24% respectively). CR appears to have almost as reducing effects as estrogen therapy on cardiac hypertrophy. The findings suggest that CR can be considered a therapeutic candidate for postmenopausal cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajializadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Darvishzadeh Mahani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Raji-Amirhasani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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7
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Li X, Tan W, Zheng S, Pyle WG, Zhu C, Chen H, Kang L, Wu J, Zou Y, Backx PH, Yang FH. Differential mRNA Expression and Circular RNA-Based Competitive Endogenous RNA Networks in the Three Stages of Heart Failure in Transverse Aortic Constriction Mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:777284. [PMID: 35330931 PMCID: PMC8940230 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.777284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model is frequently used to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure. However, limited data is available regarding the expression of mRNAs and circRNAs in murine heart failure progression induced by pressure overload. Methods Transverse aortic constriction was used to induce pressure overload for 2, 4, and 8 weeks in mice. Echocardiographic measurements in B-mode and M-mode, as well as blood flow Doppler data were collected in mice without (sham) and with (2W-, 4W-, and 8W-post-TAC) pressure load. Hearts were excised and morphology, cardiomyocyte size, and fibrosis were determined. RNA sequencing, circRNA microarray, functional mRNA enrichment analysis, hub gene identification, target miRNA interaction, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction were conducted. Results Heart weight, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and fibrosis gradually increased over time in the hearts with pressure overload. The 2W-post-TAC hearts displayed concentric hypertrophy, thickened left ventricular walls, and increased EF and FS. The 4W-post-TAC hearts were characterized by preserved EF and FS, dilated atria, and increased left ventricle (LV) systolic volume. The 8W-post-TAC hearts presented with ventricular and atrial dilation, increased LV systolic and diastolic volume, reduced EF and FS, and increased ejection time (MV ET). mRNA expression analysis suggested that cardiac remodeling, immune response dysregulation, and metabolic disorder were the key cellular events in heart failure progression. Depression in chemotaxis and mitochondrial function were predicted in 4W- and 8W-post-TAC myocardia, respectively. A ceRNA network analysis demonstrated that the circRNAs targeted the expression of genes enriched in metabolism dysregulation in the 2W-post-TAC hypertrophic hearts, while they targeted genes enriched in cardiac remodeling in the 4W-post-TAC EF-preserved hearts and in the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and cardiac contraction in the 8W-post-TAC EF-reduced hearts. Conclusion Our work empirically demonstrates that distinctive features of heart failure, including ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure with preserved EF (HFpEF), and heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF) are present in the murine pressure overload models. The three stages of heart failure vary in terms of mRNA and circRNA expression, as well as ceRNA regulation in a manner consistent with their structural, functional, and pathological differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijiang Tan
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Glen Pyle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Caiyi Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghua Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Kang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter H Backx
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Feng Hua Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Hall EJ, Pal S, Glennon MS, Shridhar P, Satterfield SL, Weber B, Zhang Q, Salama G, Lal H, Becker JR. Cardiac natriuretic peptide deficiency sensitizes the heart to stress induced ventricular arrhythmias via impaired CREB signaling. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2124-2138. [PMID: 34329394 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The cardiac natriuretic peptides (atrial natriuretic peptide [ANP] and B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP]) are important regulators of cardiovascular physiology, with reduced natriuretic peptide (NP) activity linked to multiple human cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that deficiency of either ANP or BNP would lead to similar changes in left ventricular structure and function given their shared receptor affinities. METHODS AND RESULTS We directly compared murine models deficient of ANP or BNP in the same genetic backgrounds (C57BL6/J) and environments. We evaluated control, ANP deficient (Nppa-/-) or BNP deficient (Nppb-/-) mice under unstressed conditions and multiple forms of pathological myocardial stress. Survival, myocardial structure, function and electrophysiology, tissue histology, and biochemical analyses were evaluated in the groups. In vitro validation of our findings was performed using human derived induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (iPS-CM). In the unstressed state, both ANP and BNP deficient mice displayed mild ventricular hypertrophy which did not increase up to 1 year of life. NP-deficient mice exposed to acute myocardial stress secondary to thoracic aortic constriction (TAC) had similar pathological myocardial remodeling but a significant increase in sudden death. We discovered that the NP-deficient mice are more susceptible to stress induced ventricular arrhythmias using both in vivo and ex vivo models. Mechanistically, deficiency of either ANP or BNP led to reduced myocardial cGMP levels and reduced phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREBS133) transcriptional regulator. Selective CREB inhibition sensitized wild type hearts to stress induced ventricular arrhythmias. ANP and BNP regulate cardiomyocyte CREBS133 phosphorylation through a cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PKG1) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling cascade. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that ANP and BNP act in a non-redundant fashion to maintain myocardial cGMP levels to regulate cardiomyocyte p38 MAPK and CREB activity. Cardiac natriuretic peptide deficiency leads to a reduction in CREB signaling which sensitizes the heart to stress induced ventricular arrhythmias. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Our study found that ANP or BNP deficiency leads to increased sudden death and ventricular arrhythmias after acute myocardial stress in murine models. We discovered that ANP and BNP act in a non-redundant fashion to maintain myocardial cGMP levels and uncovered a unique role for these peptides in regulating cardiomyocyte p38 MAPK and CREB signaling through a cGMP-PKG1 pathway. Importantly, this signaling pathway was conserved in human cardiomyocytes. This study provides mechanistic insight into how modulating natriuretic peptide levels in human heart failure patients reduces sudden death and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Hall
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Soumojit Pal
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael S Glennon
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Puneeth Shridhar
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sidney L Satterfield
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Beth Weber
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qinkun Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guy Salama
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jason R Becker
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Shao X, Zhang X, Yang L, Zhang R, Zhu R, Feng R. Integrated analysis of mRNA and microRNA expression profiles reveals differential transcriptome signature in ischaemic and dilated cardiomyopathy induced heart failure. Epigenetics 2020; 16:917-932. [PMID: 33016206 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1827721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodelling is widely accepted as a common characteristic for many heart diseases, especially in heart failure (HF). Ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are associated with cardiac remodelling. Both mRNA and microRNA are potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of cardiac remodelling in HF. However, the mechanisms of microRNA-mRNA joint regulation in HF are still unclear. In this study, 3 gene expression profiles from patients with and without HF were analysed to harvest shared differentially expressed genes (microRNA and mRNA) with significant major biological function. Moreover, key genes highly related to ICM and DCM-induced HF were screened out through a Weighted Genes Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Based on microRNA-mRNA analysis, several microRNAs and target genes were identified. Combined with pathway analysis, we found that miR-542-3p and its target gene CILP were likely involved in the regulation of TGF-β signalling pathway in ICM induced HF. Collectively, the microRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis revealed that miR-542-3p-CILP as mediator of TGF-β signalling pathway might be a new mechanism to mediate ICM induced HF. This study provides certain novel targets for diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of ICM- and DCM-induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Customs, Technical Center for Safety of Industrial Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruijia Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rongli Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Kato J. Natriuretic peptides and neprilysin inhibition in hypertension and hypertensive organ damage. Peptides 2020; 132:170352. [PMID: 32610060 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The family of natriuretic peptides (NPs) discovered in mammalian tissues including cardiac atrium and brain consists of three members, namely, atrial, B- and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, CNP). Since the discovery, basic and clinical studies have been vigorously performed to explore the biological functions and pathophysiological roles of NPs in a wide range of diseases including hypertension and heart failure. These studies revealed that ANP and BNP are hormones secreted from the heart into the blood stream in response to pre- or after-load, counteracting blood pressure (BP) elevation and fluid retention through specific receptors. Meanwhile, CNP was found to be produced by the vascular endothelium, acting as a local mediator potentially serving protective functions for the blood vessels. Because NPs not only exert blood pressure lowering actions but also alleviate hypertensive organ damage, attempts have been made to develop therapeutic agents for hypertension by utilizing this family of NPs. One strategy is to inhibit neprilysin, an enzyme degrading NPs, thereby enhancing the actions of endogenous peptides. Recently, a dual inhibitor of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin was approved for heart failure, and neprilysin inhibition has also been shown to be beneficial in treating patients with hypertension. This review summarizes the roles of NPs in regulating BP, with special references to hypertension and hypertensive organ damage, and discusses the therapeutic implications of neprilysin inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johji Kato
- Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
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11
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Wang Y, Sun H, Zhang J, Xia Z, Chen W. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats: ameliorative effect of PIPERINE via Bcl2, Bax/Bcl2, and caspase-3 pathways. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:2533-2544. [PMID: 32892714 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1815170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of present investigation was to appraise the effects of piperine on STZ-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with intraperitoneal STZ injection, and the rats were assigned to seven groups. Electrocardiograph, hemodynamic, various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were examined. Treatment with piperine significantly (p < 0.05) restored altered myocardial functions, inhibited cardiac marker, and restored electrocardiogram and hemodynamic alterations. The elevated level of cardiac oxido-nitrosative stress and decreased cardiac Na-K-ATPase concentration, after STZ administration, were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated by piperine treatment. Piperine also considerably (p < 0.05) increased myocardial mitochondrial enzyme activity. STZ-induced alteration in heart ANP, BNP, cTn-I, Bcl2, Bax/Bcl2, and caspase3 mRNA expression was significantly (p < 0.05) restored by piperine treatment. Piperine administration reduced histopathological aberrations induced by STZ. In conclusion, the present investigation suggests that piperine ameliorates STZ-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy via modulation of caspase-3, Bcl2, Bax/Bcl2 pathways. Abbreviations: ACE: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme; ANOVA: Analysis of Variance; ANP: Atrial Natriuretic Peptide; APAF: Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor; ARB: Angiotensin Receptor Blockers; ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate; Bax: Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl2: B-cell lymphoma 2; BPM: Beats Per Minute; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: Caspase-3-Activated DNase; cDNA: Complementary DNA; CK-MB: Creatine Kinase-MB; CPCSEA: Committee for the Purpose of Control And Supervision of Experiments on Animals; cTn-I: cardiac troponin I; DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure; DCM: Diabetic Cardiomyopathy; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid; DPX: DisterenePhthalate Xylene; ECG: Electrocardiogram; ETC: Electron Transport Chain; GOD-POD: Glucose Oxidase Peroxidase; GSH: Glutathione; IAEC: Institutional Animal Ethics Committee; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-1b: Interleukin-1b; LDH: Lactate Dehydrogenase; LV: Left Ventricle; LVEDP: left ventricular end-diastolic Pressure; MABP: Mean Arterial Blood Pressure; MDA: Malondialdehyde; mRNA: Messenger Ribonucleic Acid; MTT: 3- (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-DiphenyltetrazoliumBromide; NADH: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate; NADPH: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen; NO: nitric oxide; NP: Natriuretic Peptides; OXPHOS: Oxidative Phosphorylation; p.o.: per os; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; RT-PCR: Reverse Transcriptionpolymerase Chain Reaction; PPAR: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma; RAS: Renin-Angiotensin System; RNA: Ribonucleic Acid; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; SDH: Succinate Dehydrogenase; SEM: Standard Error Means; SOD: superoxide dismutase: STZ: Streptozotocin; TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha; TnI: Troponin I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianwu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhiyang Xia
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
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12
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Forte M, Madonna M, Schiavon S, Valenti V, Versaci F, Zoccai GB, Frati G, Sciarretta S. Cardiovascular Pleiotropic Effects of Natriuretic Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163874. [PMID: 31398927 PMCID: PMC6719167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone belonging to the family of natriuretic peptides (NPs). ANP exerts diuretic, natriuretic, and vasodilatory effects that contribute to maintain water–salt balance and regulate blood pressure. Besides these systemic properties, ANP displays important pleiotropic effects in the heart and in the vascular system that are independent of blood pressure regulation. These functions occur through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Previous works examining the cardiac phenotype of loss-of-function mouse models of ANP signaling showed that both mice with gene deletion of ANP or its receptor natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) developed cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in response to pressure overload and chronic ischemic remodeling. Conversely, ANP administration has been shown to improve cardiac function in response to remodeling and reduces ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. ANP also acts as a pro-angiogenetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerotic factor in the vascular system. Pleiotropic effects regarding brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) were also reported. In this review, we discuss the current evidence underlying the pleiotropic effects of NPs, underlying their importance in cardiovascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Schiavon
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Versaci
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
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13
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Nakagawa Y, Nishikimi T, Kuwahara K. Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides: Hormones secreted from the heart. Peptides 2019; 111:18-25. [PMID: 29859763 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide family consists of three biologically active peptides: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain (or B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Among these, ANP and BNP are secreted by the heart and act as cardiac hormones. Both ANP and BNP preferentially bind to natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A or guanylyl cyslase-A) and exert similar effects through increases in intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) within target tissues. Expression and secretion of ANP and BNP are stimulated by various factors and are regulated via multiple signaling pathways. Human ANP has three molecular forms, α-ANP, β-ANP, and proANP (or γ-ANP), with proANP predominating in healthy atrial tissue. During secretion proANP is proteolytically processed by corin, resulting in secretion of bioactive α-ANP into the peripheral circulation. ProANP and β-ANP are minor forms in the circulation but are increased in patients with heart failure. The human BNP precursor proBNP is proteolytically processed to BNP1-32 and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) within ventricular myocytes. Uncleaved proBNP as well as mature BNP1-32 and NT-proBNP is secreted from the heart, and its secretion is increased in patients with heart failure. Mature BNP, its metabolites including BNP3-32, BNP4-32, and BNP5-32, and proBNP are all detected as immunoreactive-BNP by the current BNP assay system. We recently developed an assay system that specifically detects human proBNP. Using this assay system, we observed that miR30-GALNTs-dependent O-glycosylation in the N-terminal region of proBNP contributes to regulation of the processing and secretion of proBNP from the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toshio Nishikimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan.
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14
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Development of a novel, sensitive cell-based corin assay. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 160:62-70. [PMID: 30553787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Corin (atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, EC 3.4.21) is a transmembrane serine protease expressed in cardiomyocytes. Corin exerts its cardioprotective effects via the proteolytic cleavage and activation of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) to ANP. We recently described an ANP reporter cell line stably expressing the ANP receptor, a cGMP-dependent cation channel used as a real-time cGMP biosensor, and the Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein aequorin. Here, we describe the generation of a novel reporter cell line expressing the calcium biosensor GCaMP6 instead of aequorin. In contrast to the luminescence-based assay, ANP stimulation of our novel GCaMP6 reporter cell resulted in stable, long-lasting fluorescence signals. Using this novel reporter system, we were able to detect pro-ANP to ANP conversion by purified, soluble wildtype corin (solCorin), but not the active site mutant solCorin(S985A), resulting in left-shifted concentration-response curves. Furthermore, cellular pro-ANPase activity could be detected on HEK 293 cells after transient expression of wildtype corin. In contrast, corin activity was not detected after transfection with the inactive corin(S985A) variant. In supernatants from cardiomyocyte-derived HL-1 cells pro-ANP to ANP conversion could also be detected, while in HL-1 corin knockout cells no conversion was observed. These findings underline the role of corin as the pro-ANP convertase. Our novel fluorescence-based ANP reporter cell line is well-suited for the sensitive detection of corin activity, and may be used for the identification and characterization of novel corin modulators.
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15
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Hong L, Han CJ, Zhang B, Zhou S, Wu CZ, Liu LP, Cui X. Gallic acid increases atrial natriuretic peptide secretion and mechanical dynamics through activation of PKC. Life Sci 2017; 181:45-52. [PMID: 28535942 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gallic acid (GA) protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, prevents cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and has anti-inflammatory activity in the heart. However, its effects in regulating atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the function of GA in regulating ANP secretion and atrial dynamics in rat atria. KEY FINDINGS GA (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1μmol/L) significantly increased atrial ANP secretion and induced positive inotropy dose-dependently. GA (0.1μmol/L) also increased plasma level of ANP and hemodynamics in rats. These effects were accompanied by upregulation of atrial protein kinase C subtypes β and ε (PKCβ and PKCε), which was completely blocked by LY333531 and EAVSLKPT, antagonists of protein PKCβ and PKCε, respectively. GA-induced ANP secretion was also attenuated by Gö6983 but not rottlerin, antagonists of PKCα and PKCδ, and the positive inotropy was reversed by Gö6983. U-73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) antagonist, mitigated the effects of GA on ANP secretion and mechanical dynamics and downregulated Phospho-PLCβ at Ser537 (pPLCβ S537), Phospho-PLCβ at Ser1105 (pPLCβ S1105), PKCβ and PKCε levels, whereas KN62, an inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, was not modified the GA-induced ANP secretion and suppressed GA-induced mechanical dynamics. SIGNIFICANCE GA promotes ANP secretion and effects positive inotropy with regard to mechanical dynamics through the activation of PLC-PKC signaling in rat atria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-000, China
| | - Lan Hong
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China
| | - Chun-Ji Han
- Food Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China
| | - Cheng-Zhe Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-000, China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xun Cui
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China; Key Laboratory of Organism Functional Factors of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China; Cellular Function Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China.
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16
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Chen SW, Tung YC, Jung SM, Chu Y, Lin PJ, Kao WWY, Chu PH. Lumican-null mice are susceptible to aging and isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:1304-1311. [PMID: 27939890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
With aging and stress, the myocardium undergoes structural remodeling, often leading to fibrosis. The purpose of this study is to examine whether lumican, one of the class II small leucine-rich proteoglycans, has a protective role in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. In attempts to elucidate the hypothesis that lumican may have a protective role in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, we compared the cardiac phenotypes of young (3-month-old) and elder (6-month- and 12-month-old) lumican-null (Lum-/-) mice. Extra-cellular matrix remodeling and apoptosis are examined to determine the roles of lumican on age-dependent cardiac fibrosis induced by isoproterenol. Compared to wild type littermates, Lum-/- mice exhibited higher mortality due to significantly impaired systolic function, which was associated with an increase of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secreted by the ventricles in response to excessive stretching of myocytes. Masson's Trichrome and silver stains showed significantly more severe ventricle fibrosis in Lum-/- mice. Interestingly, rate of cell death mediated via apoptosis illustrated by the expression of caspase 3 and TUNEL assay was lower in Lum-/- mice after isoproterenol infusion. In addition, Lum-/- mice exhibited higher levels of TGF-β, collagen I/III, and membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT1-MMP/MMP-14) during cardiac remodeling. This study shows that alternations of lumican might be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis and suggests lumican as novel targets for cardiac fibrosis therapy. Further studies are required to define the mechanism by which lumican modulates cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wei Chen
- Divisiont of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chang Tung
- The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Jung
- Department of Pathology, Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen Chu
- Divisiont of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pyng-Jing Lin
- Divisiont of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Winston W-Y Kao
- Crawley Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 5267-0838, USA
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Heart Failure Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Cannon MV, Silljé HHW, Sijbesma JWA, Khan MAF, Steffensen KR, van Gilst WH, de Boer RA. LXRα improves myocardial glucose tolerance and reduces cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2016; 59:634-43. [PMID: 26684450 PMCID: PMC4742491 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3827-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disease triggered by impaired insulin signalling, increased fatty acid uptake and diminished glucose utilisation. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are key transcriptional regulators of metabolic homeostasis. However, their effect in the diabetic heart is largely unknown. METHODS We cloned murine Lxrα (also known as Nr1h3) behind the α-myosin heavy chain (αMhc; also known as Myh6) promoter to create transgenic (Lxrα-Tg) mice and transgene-negative littermates (wild-type [WT]). A mouse model of type 2 diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% energy from fat) over 16 weeks and compared with a low-fat diet (10% energy from fat). A mouse model of type 1 diabetes was induced via streptozotocin injection over 12 weeks. RESULTS HFD manifested comparable increases in body weight, plasma triacylglycerol and insulin resistance per OGTT in Lxrα-Tg and WT mice. HFD significantly increased left ventricular weight by 21% in WT hearts, but only by 5% in Lxrα-Tg. To elucidate metabolic effects in the heart, microPET (positron emission tomography) imaging revealed that cardiac glucose uptake was increased by 1.4-fold in WT mice on an HFD, but further augmented by 1.7-fold in Lxrα-Tg hearts, in part through 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and restoration of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). By contrast, streptozotocin-induced ablation of insulin signalling diminished cardiac glucose uptake levels and caused cardiac dysfunction, indicating that insulin may be important in LXRα-mediated glucose uptake. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), as potential direct targets of cardiac LXRα overexpression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Cardiac-specific LXRα overexpression ameliorates the progression of HFD-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in association with increased glucose reliance and natriuretic peptide signalling during the early phase of diabetic cardiomyopathy. These findings implicate a potential protective role for LXR in targeting metabolic disturbances underlying diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan V Cannon
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jürgen W A Sijbesma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsin A F Khan
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Knut R Steffensen
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wiek H van Gilst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Optimum AT1 receptor-neprilysin inhibition has superior cardioprotective effects compared with AT1 receptor blockade alone in hypertensive rats. Kidney Int 2015; 88:109-20. [PMID: 25830765 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neprilysin inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin and natriuretic peptides, promoting vasodilation and natriuresis. However, they also increase angiotensin II and endothelin-1. Here we studied the effects of a low and a high dose of the neprilysin inhibitor thiorphan on top of AT1 receptor blockade with irbesartan versus vehicle in TGR(mREN2)27 rats with high renin hypertension. Mean arterial blood pressure was unaffected by vehicle or thiorphan alone. Irbesartan lowered blood pressure, but after 7 days pressure started to increase again. Low- but not high-dose thiorphan prevented this rise. Only during exposure to low-dose thiorphan plus irbesartan did heart weight/body weight ratio, cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide expression, and myocyte size decrease significantly. Circulating endothelin-1 was not affected by low-dose thiorphan with or without irbesartan, but increased after treatment with high-dose thiorphan plus irbesartan. This endothelin-1 rise was accompanied by an increase in renal sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 protein abundance, and an upregulation of constrictor vascular endothelin type B receptors. Consequently, the endothelin type B receptor antagonist BQ788 no longer enhanced endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction (indicative of endothelin type B receptor-mediated vasodilation), but prevented it. Thus, optimal neprilysin inhibitor dosing reveals additional cardioprotective effects on top of AT1 receptor blockade in renin-dependent hypertension.
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Du Y, Meng Y, Zhu J, Kang L, Jia X, Guo L, Zhang L, Ye M, Hu L, Zhao X, Gu J, Yang B, Zou H. Quantitative proteomic study of myocardial mitochondria in urea transporter B knockout mice. Proteomics 2014; 14:2072-83. [PMID: 25044461 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In previous research, we showed that 16-week-old urea transporter B (UT-B) null mice have an atrial-ventricular conduction block, and hypothesized myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction. To investigate the mechanism of this block, we examined the proteomic differences in the myocardial mitochondria of UT-B null and wild-type mice with nanoscale LC-MS/MS. Of 26 proteins clearly downregulated in the UT-B null mice, 15 are involved in complexes I, III, IV, and V of the respiratory chain, which would strongly reduce the activity of the electron transport chain. Excess electrons from complexes I and III pass directly to O2 to generate ROS and deplete ROS-scavenging enzymes. Myocardial intracellular ROS were significantly higher in UT-B null mice than in wild-type mice (p < 0.01), constituting an important cause of oxidative stress injury in the myocardia of UT-B null mice. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was also lower in UT-B null mice than in wild-type mice (p < 0.05), causing oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction of complex V and insufficient ATP in the myocardial cells of UT-B null mice. HADHA (a trifunctional protein) and HSP60 were also downregulated in the UT-B null myocardial mitochondria. These results confirm that mitochondrial dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of the atrial-ventricular conduction block in UT-B null mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Du
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
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Cox EJ, Marsh SA. A systematic review of fetal genes as biomarkers of cardiac hypertrophy in rodent models of diabetes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92903. [PMID: 24663494 PMCID: PMC3963983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy activates a suite of genes called the fetal gene program (FGP). Pathological hypertrophy occurs in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM); therefore, the FGP is widely used as a biomarker of DCM in animal studies. However, it is unknown whether the FGP is a consistent marker of hypertrophy in rodent models of diabetes. Therefore, we analyzed this relationship in 94 systematically selected studies. Results showed that diabetes induced with cytotoxic glucose analogs such as streptozotocin was associated with decreased cardiac weight, but genetic or diet-induced models of diabetes were significantly more likely to show cardiac hypertrophy (P<0.05). Animal strain, sex, age, and duration of diabetes did not moderate this effect. There were no correlations between the heart weight:body weight index and mRNA or protein levels of the fetal genes α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) or β-MHC, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), or brain natriuretic peptide. The only correlates of non-indexed heart weight were the protein levels of α-MHC (Spearman's ρ = 1, P<0.05) and ANP (ρ = −0.73, P<0.05). These results indicate that most commonly measured genes in the FGP are confounded by diabetogenic methods, and are not associated with cardiac hypertrophy in rodent models of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Cox
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States of America
| | - Susan A. Marsh
- Department of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang D, Gladysheva IP, Fan THM, Sullivan R, Houng AK, Reed GL. Atrial natriuretic peptide affects cardiac remodeling, function, heart failure, and survival in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Hypertension 2013; 63:514-9. [PMID: 24379183 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.02164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a frequent cause of heart failure and death. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a biomarker of dilated cardiomyopathy, but there is controversy whether ANP modulates the development of heart failure. Therefore, we examined whether ANP affects heart failure, cardiac remodeling, function, and survival in a well-characterized, transgenic model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Mice with dilated cardiomyopathy with normal ANP levels survived longer than mice with partial ANP (P<0.01) or full ANP deficiency (P<0.001). In dilated cardiomyopathy mice, ANP protected against the development of heart failure as indicated by reduced lung water, alveolar congestion, pleural effusions, etc. ANP improved systolic function and reduced cardiomegaly. Pathological cardiac remodeling was diminished in mice with normal ANP as indicated by decreased ventricular interstitial and perivascular fibrosis. Mice with dilated cardiomyopathy and normal ANP levels had better systolic function (P<0.001) than mice with dilated cardiomyopathy and ANP deficiency. Dilated cardiomyopathy was associated with diminished cardiac transcripts for NP receptors A and B in mice with normal ANP and ANP deficiency, but transcripts for NP receptor C and C-type natriuretic peptide were selectively altered in mice with dilated cardiomyopathy and ANP deficiency. Taken together, these data indicate that ANP has potent effects in experimental dilated cardiomyopathy that reduce the development of heart failure, prevent pathological remodeling, preserve systolic function, and reduce mortality. Despite the apparent overlap in physiological function between the NPs, these data suggest that the role of ANP in dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure is not compensated physiologically by other NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Coleman, D334, 956 Court Ave, Memphis, TN 38163.
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22
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Regulation of expression of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide, biomarkers for heart development and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:2403-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cox EJ, Marsh SA. Exercise and diabetes have opposite effects on the assembly and O-GlcNAc modification of the mSin3A/HDAC1/2 complex in the heart. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:101. [PMID: 23835259 PMCID: PMC3708830 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise causes physiological cardiac hypertrophy and benefits the diabetic heart. Mammalian switch-independent 3A (mSin3A) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) 1 and 2 regulate hypertrophic genes through associations with the DNA binding proteins repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a glucose derivative that is chronically elevated in diabetic hearts, and a previous study showed that exercise reduces cardiac O-GlcNAc. We hypothesized that O-GlcNAc and OGT would physically associate with mSin3A/HDAC1/2 in the heart, and that this interaction would be altered by diabetes and exercise. Methods 8-week-old type 2 diabetic db/db (db) and non-diabetic C57 mice were randomized to treadmill exercise or sedentary groups for 1 or 4 weeks. Results O-GlcNAc was significantly higher in db hearts and increased with exercise. Db hearts showed lower levels of mSin3A, HDAC1, and HDAC2 protein, but higher levels of HDAC2 mRNA and HDAC1/2 deacetylase activity. Elevated HDAC activity was associated with significantly blunted expression of α-actin and brain natriuretic peptide in db hearts. In sedentary db hearts, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that mSin3A and OGT were less associated with HDAC1 and HDAC2, respectively, compared to sedentary C57 controls; however, exercise removed these differences. Conclusions These data indicate that diabetes and exercise oppositely affect interactions between pro-hypertrophic transcription factors, and suggest that an increase in total cardiac O-GlcNAc is a mechanism by which exercise benefits type 2 diabetic hearts.
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Parthasarathy A, Gopi V, Umadevi S, Simna A, Sheik MJY, Divya H, Vellaichamy E. Suppression of atrial natriuretic peptide/natriuretic peptide receptor-A-mediated signaling upregulates angiotensin-II-induced collagen synthesis in adult cardiac fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 378:217-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gladysheva IP, Wang D, McNamee RA, Houng AK, Mohamad AA, Fan TM, Reed GL. Corin overexpression improves cardiac function, heart failure, and survival in mice with dilated cardiomyopathy. Hypertension 2012; 61:327-32. [PMID: 23232642 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.112.193631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure, caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and other cardiac disorders such as hypertension, is a major public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Corin, a cardiac enzyme that cleaves natriuretic peptides, is a promising biomarker of cardiomyopathy and heart failure, but its functional role in these processes is not understood. We evaluated the potential effects of corin in mice with a well-characterized model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Mice with dilated cardiomyopathy developed heart failure, reduced contractile function, cardiac fibrosis, and accelerated mortality in the setting of low corin expression. In wild-type mice, transgenic, cardiac-targeted, overexpression of corin enhanced cyclic guanosine monophosphate and blood pressure responses to pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, but did not affect heart size, contractility, body weights, survival, and blood pressure. In mice with dilated cardiomyopathy, corin overexpression significantly reduced the development of myocardial fibrosis (P<0.05). Corin overexpression also enhanced heart contractile function (fractional shortening and ejection fraction; P<0.01) and it significantly reduced heart failure as assessed by lung water (P<0.05) and alveolar congestion (P<0.001). Consistent with these observations, corin overexpression significantly prolonged life in mice with dilated cardiomyopathy (P<0.0001). These results provide the first experimental evidence that corin expression plays a role in cardiomyopathy by modulating myocardial fibrosis, cardiac function, heart failure, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna P Gladysheva
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Coleman, D334, 956 Court Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Pandey KN. Emerging Roles of Natriuretic Peptides and their Receptors in Pathophysiology of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Regulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2:210-26. [PMID: 19746200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Thus far, three related natriuretic peptides (NPs) and three distinct receptors have been identified, which have advanced our knowledge towards understanding the control of high blood pressure, hypertension, and cardiovascular disorders to a great extent. Biochemical and molecular studies have been advanced to examine receptor function and signaling mechanisms and the role of second messenger cGMP in pathophysiology of hypertension, renal hemodynamics, and cardiovascular functions. The development of gene-knockout and gene-duplication mouse models along with transgenic mice have provided a framework for understanding the importance of the antagonistic actions of natriuretic peptides receptor in cardiovascular events at the molecular level. Now, NPs are considered as circulating markers of congestive heart failure, however, their therapeutic potential for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, renal insufficiency, cardiac hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, and stroke has just begun to unfold. Indeed, the alternative avenues of investigations in this important are need to be undertaken, as we are at the initial stage of the molecular therapeutic and pharmacogenomic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash N Pandey
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
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Azibani F, Fazal L, Chatziantoniou C, Samuel JL, Delcayre C. [Hypertension-induced fibrosis: a balance story]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2012; 61:150-5. [PMID: 22681982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a deleterious consequence of arterial hypertension. This remodeling results in cardiac transcriptomic changes induced by mechanical and hormonal factors (angiotensin II and aldosterone are the most important). The major features of cardiac remodeling are the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, interstitial and perivascular fibrosis, and microvascular rarefaction. Inappropriate stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) participates to the development of heart failure. The respective roles of angiotensin II and aldosterone in cardiac remodeling are poorly understood. The development of fibrosis in the heart depends of a balance between profibrotic (TGFβ, CTGF, inflammation) and antifibrotic (BNP, ANP, BMP4 and BMP7) factors. The profibrotic and proinflammatory effects of angiotensin II and aldosterone are very well demonstrated; however, their actions on antifibrotic factors expression are unknown. In order to explore this, we used RenTgKC mice overexpressing renin into the liver, leading to an increased plasma angiotensin II and thus induction of severe hypertension, and AS mice overexpressing aldosterone synthase (AS) in cardiomyocytes which have a doubled intracardiac aldosterone concentration. Male AS mice have a dysfunction of the coronary arteries relaxation without structural and functional changes of the myocardium. Mice derived from a crossing between the RenTgKC and AS strains were used in this work. It is shown that angiotensin II induces the expression of BNP and BMPs which ultimately slows the progression of myocardial fibrosis, and that aldosterone inhibits the expression of these factors and thus worsens the fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Azibani
- Inserm U942, université Paris-Diderot, hôpital Lariboisière, 41, boulevard de la Chapelle, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France.
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Mascareno E, Galatioto J, Rozenberg I, Salciccioli L, Kamran H, Lazar JM, Liu F, Pedrazzini T, Siddiqui MAQ. Cardiac lineage protein-1 (CLP-1) regulates cardiac remodeling via transcriptional modulation of diverse hypertrophic and fibrotic responses and angiotensin II-transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) signaling axis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:13084-93. [PMID: 22308025 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.288944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the renin-angiotensin system contributes to left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, a major determinant of myocardial stiffness. TGF-β1 and renin-angiotensin system signaling alters the fibroblast phenotype by promoting its differentiation into morphologically distinct pathological myofibroblasts, which potentiates collagen synthesis and fibrosis and causes enhanced extracellular matrix deposition. However, the atrial natriuretic peptide, which is induced during left ventricular hypertrophy, plays an anti-fibrogenic and anti-hypertrophic role by blocking, among others, the TGF-β-induced nuclear localization of Smads. It is not clear how the hypertrophic and fibrotic responses are transcriptionally regulated. CLP-1, the mouse homolog of human hexamethylene bis-acetamide inducible-1 (HEXIM-1), regulates the pTEFb activity via direct association with pTEFb causing inhibition of the Cdk9-mediated serine 2 phosphorylation in the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. It was recently reported that the serine kinase activity of Cdk9 not only targets RNA polymerase II but also the conserved serine residues of the polylinker region in Smad3, suggesting that CLP-1-mediated changes in pTEFb activity may trigger Cdk9-dependent Smad3 signaling that can modulate collagen expression and fibrosis. In this study, we evaluated the role of CLP-1 in vivo in induction of left ventricular hypertrophy in angiotensinogen-overexpressing transgenic mice harboring CLP-1 heterozygosity. We observed that introduction of CLP-1 haplodeficiency in the transgenic α-myosin heavy chain-angiotensinogen mice causes prominent changes in hypertrophic and fibrotic responses accompanied by augmentation of Smad3/Stat3 signaling. Together, our findings underscore the critical role of CLP-1 in remodeling of the genetic response during hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Mascareno
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Cardiovascular and Muscle Research, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA
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Buckley CL, Stokes AJ. Corin-deficient W-sh mice poorly tolerate increased cardiac afterload. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 172:44-50. [PMID: 21903139 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
C57BL/6-Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice are generally regarded as a mast cell-deficient model, as they lack the necessary kit receptor for mast cell development. Further characterization of this strain, however, indicates that C57BL/6-Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice also have a disruption in the Corin gene. Corin is a transmembrane serine protease critical for processing atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from pro-ANP through proteolytic cleavage. Pro-ANP is produced, stored and released by cardiac myocytes in response to atrial stretch and the stress generated by increased afterload such as increased ventricular pressure from aortic stenosis or myocardial infarction. ANP inhibits the effects of the renin-angiotensin system to preserve homeostasis under conditions of increased hemodynamic load, and changes in the level of its activating enzyme Corin have been observed during the progression to heart failure. Here, we investigate the effect of increased hemodynamic load on Corin-deficient C57BL/6-Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice. Ten-week old male mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction for 8 weeks and were monitored for changes in cardiac structure and function by echocardiography. Hearts were collected 8 weeks after surgery for molecular and histological analyses. Corin-deficient C57BL/6-Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice developed rapidly progressive and substantial left ventricular dilation, hypertrophy, and markedly impaired cardiac function during the 8 weeks after surgery, compared to wildtype mice. Concomitant with this we observed increased levels of ANP transcript, but a lack of prepro-ANP or pro-ANP protein in heart tissue extracted from Corin-deficient mice. Surprisingly, fibrosis was not increased in Corin-deficient mice when compared to wildtype mice. These data indicate that Corin's involvement in ANP processing is a key element in the heart's response to increased hemodynamic load. Further, C57BL/6-Kit(W-sh/W-sh) strain is an effective model for investigating the involvement of Corin and, conversely, a less than optimal model for investigating mast cell, and immunological, functions in certain cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cadie L Buckley
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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Kato H, Mizuno T, Mizuno M, Sawai A, Suzuki Y, Kinashi H, Nagura F, Maruyama S, Noda Y, Yamada K, Matsuo S, Ito Y. Atrial natriuretic peptide ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis in rat peritonitis model. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 27:526-36. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfr302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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de Andrade EN, Gonçalves GKN, de Oliveira THC, Santos CSD, Souza CLSE, Firmes LB, de Magalhães ACM, Soares TDJ, Reis AMD, Belo NDO. Natriuretic peptide system: a link between fat mass and cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension in fat-fed female rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 167:149-55. [PMID: 21237215 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop an animal model of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy associated with obesity in female rats. Furthermore, we studied the involvement of the natriuretic peptide system in the mechanisms of these conditions. Obesity was induced in Wistar rats by a high fat diet and ovariectomy. The rats were divided into four groups: ovariectomized or sham-operated with high-fat diet and ovariectomized or sham-operated with control diet. After 24 weeks of diet, rats were killed, and their tissues were removed. Cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), clearance receptor (NPr-C) gene expression was determined by PCR. ANP concentrations were measured in plasma. Ovariectomized fat-fed rats (OF) showed increased body weight, visceral fat depot and blood pressure and decreased sodium excretion compared to other groups. Also, these rats showed higher heart-to-body weight and cell diameters of ventricular cardiomyocytes and lower cardiac ANP mRNA and plasma ANP than the control group. The adipocyte and renal NPr-C mRNA of OF rats were higher than the control group. These data showed that combined ovariectomy and high fat diet elicited obesity, hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. These results suggest that the impairment of the natriuretic peptide system may be one of the mechanisms involved not only in development of hypertension but also in cardiac hypertrophy associated with obesity in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everaldo Nery de Andrade
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Olívia Flores 3000, CEP: 45055-090, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
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Bartels ED, Nielsen JM, Bisgaard LS, Goetze JP, Nielsen LB. Decreased expression of natriuretic peptides associated with lipid accumulation in cardiac ventricle of obese mice. Endocrinology 2010; 151:5218-25. [PMID: 20844006 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and proBNP are established markers of cardiac dysfunction. Even though obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, obese individuals have reduced plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides. The underlying mechanism is not established. We used cultured cardiomyocytes and three different mouse models to examine the impact of obesity and cardiac lipid accumulation on cardiac natriuretic peptide expression. The cardiac ventricular expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and BNP mRNA and ANP peptide was decreased 36-72% in obese ob/ob, db/db, and fat-fed C57BL/6 mice as compared with their respective controls. The db/db and ob/ob mice displayed impaired cardiac function, whereas the fat-fed mice had almost normal cardiac function. Moreover, the ventricular expression of hypertrophic genes (α- and β-myosin heavy chain and α-actin) and natriuretic peptide receptor genes were not consistently altered by obesity across the three mouse models. In contrast, cardiac ventricular triglycerides were similarly increased by 60-115% in all three obese mouse models and incubation with oleic acid caused triglyceride accumulation and an approximately 35% (P < 0.005) depression of ANP mRNA expression in cultured HL-1 atrial myocytes. The data suggest that obesity and altered cardiac lipid metabolism are associated with reduced production of ANP and BNP in the cardiac ventricles in the setting of normal as well as impaired cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Daniel Bartels
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lukowski R, Rybalkin SD, Loga F, Leiss V, Beavo JA, Hofmann F. Cardiac hypertrophy is not amplified by deletion of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I in cardiomyocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:5646-51. [PMID: 20212138 PMCID: PMC2851748 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1001360107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that cGMP kinase I (cGKI) dampens cardiac hypertrophy. We have compared the effect of isoproterenol (ISO) and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) on hypertrophy in WT [control (CTR)] mice, total cGKI-KO mice, and cGKIbeta rescue mice (betaRM) lacking cGKI specifically in cardiomyocytes (CMs). Infusion of ISO did not change the expression of cGKI in the hearts of CTR mice or betaRM but raised the heart weight by approximately 20% in both. An identical hypertrophic growth response was measured in CMs from CTR mice and betaRM and in isolated adult CMs cultured with or without 1 muM ISO. In both genotypes, ISO infusion induced similar changes in the expression of hypertrophy-associated cardiac genes and significant elevation of serum atrial natriuretic peptide and total cardiac cGMP. No differences in cardiac hypertrophy were obtained by 7-day ISO infusion in 4- to 6-week-old conventional cGKI-KO and CTR mice. Furthermore, TAC-induced hypertrophy of CTR mice and betaRM was not different and did not result in changes of the cGMP-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterase activities in hypertropic hearts or CMs. These results strongly suggest that cardiac myocyte cGKI does not affect the development of heart hypertrophy induced by pressure overload or chronic ISO infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lukowski
- Forschergruppe 923 and
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, D-80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; and
| | - Sergei D. Rybalkin
- Forschergruppe 923 and
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7280
| | - Florian Loga
- Forschergruppe 923 and
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Forschergruppe 923 and
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph A. Beavo
- Forschergruppe 923 and
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7280
| | - Franz Hofmann
- Forschergruppe 923 and
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Lucas JA, Zhang Y, Li P, Gong K, Miller AP, Hassan E, Hage F, Xing D, Wells B, Oparil S, Chen YF. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta signaling induces left ventricular dilation and dysfunction in the pressure-overloaded heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 298:H424-32. [PMID: 19933419 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00529.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study utilized a transgenic mouse model that expresses an inducible dominant-negative mutation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta type II receptor (DnTGFbetaRII) to define the structural and functional responses of the left ventricle (LV) to pressure-overload stress in the absence of an intact TGF-beta signaling cascade. DnTGFbetaRII and nontransgenic (NTG) control mice (male, 8-10 wk) were randomized to receive Zn(2+) (25 mM ZnSO(4) in drinking H(2)O to induce DnTGFbetaRII gene expression) or control tap H(2)O and then further randomized to undergo transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham surgery. At 7 days post-TAC, interstitial nonmyocyte proliferation (Ki67 staining) was greatly reduced in LV of DnTGFbetaRII+Zn(2+) mice compared with the other TAC groups. At 28 and 120 days post-TAC, collagen deposition (picrosirius-red staining) in LV was attenuated in DnTGFbetaRII+Zn(2+) mice compared with the other TAC groups. LV end systolic diameter and end systolic and end diastolic volumes were markedly increased, while ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly decreased in TAC-DnTGFbetaRII+Zn(2+) mice compared with the other groups at 120 days post-TAC. These data indicate that interruption of TGF-beta signaling attenuates pressure-overload-induced interstitial nonmyocyte proliferation and collagen deposition and promotes LV dilation and dysfunction in the pressure-overloaded heart, thus creating a novel model of dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Lucas
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Joseph J, Pencina MJ, Wang TJ, Hayes L, Tofler GH, Jacques P, Selhub J, Levy D, D'Agostino RB, Benjamin EJ, Vasan RS. Cross-sectional relations of multiple biomarkers representing distinct biological pathways to plasma markers of collagen metabolism in the community. J Hypertens 2009; 27:1317-24. [PMID: 19357531 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e328329fc20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperhomocysteinemia, neurohormonal activation, inflammation and altered fibrinolysis have been linked to atherothrombosis as well as to myocardial fibrosis and heart failure. Hence, we related a panel of biomarkers representing these pathways to plasma markers of collagen metabolism in a large community-based sample. METHODS We related nine biomarkers representing select biologic pathways (independent variables: C-reactive protein, B-type natriuretic peptide, N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide, aldosterone, renin, fibrinogen, D-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and homocysteine) to three plasma markers of collagen turnover [dependent variables, separate models for each: aminoterminal propeptide of type III collagen, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (present versus absent)] in 921 Framingham Heart study participants (mean age 57 years; 58% women). Participants were separated a priori into those with left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions and wall thickness below sex-specific median values (referent group) and either measure at least 90th sex-specific percentile ('remodeled' group). We used stepwise multivariable regression analysis adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors to relate the panel of systemic biomarkers to the three biomarkers of collagen metabolism. RESULTS Plasma homocysteine was positively related to all three markers of collagen metabolism in the remodeled group and to aminoterminal propeptide of type III collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in the referent group. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was positively related to aminoterminal propeptide of type III collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in both groups, whereas the natriuretic peptides were associated positively with these collagen markers in the referent group. CONCLUSION In our large community-based sample, plasma homocysteine and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were positively related to circulating collagen biomarkers, consistent with experimental studies implicating these pathways in cardiovascular collagen turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Joseph
- Cardiology Section (111), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Mascareno E, Beckles D, Dhar-Mascareno M, Siddiqui MAQ. Enhanced hypertrophy in ob/ob mice due to an impairment in expression of atrial natriuretic peptide. Vascul Pharmacol 2009; 51:198-204. [PMID: 19560554 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE We investigated the molecular mechanism(s) that play a role in leptin signaling during the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) due to pressure overload. To this end, ob/ob leptin deficient and C57BL/6J control mice were subjected transverse aortic constriction (TAC). METHODS Control sham C57BL/6J and ob/ob mice, along with C57BL/6J and ob/ob leptin deficient mice were subjected transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 15 days and then evaluated for morphological, physiological, and molecular changes associated with pressure overload hypertrophy. RESULTS Evaluation by echocardiography revealed a significant increase in left ventricular mass (LVmass) and wall thickness in ob/ob mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) as compared to C57BL/6J. Analysis of the expression of molecular markers of LVH, such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), revealed a blunted increase in the level of ANP in ob/ob mice as compared to C57BL/6J mice. We observed that leptin plays a role in modulating the transcriptional activity of the promoter of the ANP gene. Leptin acts by regulating NFATc4, a member of the nuclear factor activated T cell (NFAT) family of transcription factors in cardiomyocytes. Our in vivo studies revealed that ob/ob mice subjected to TAC failed to activate the NFATc4 in the heart, however, intraperitoneal injection of leptin in ob/ob mice restored the NFATc4 DNA-binding activity and induced expression of the ANP gene. CONCLUSION This study establishes the role of leptin as an anti-hypertrophic agent during pressure overload hypertrophy, and suggests that a key molecular event is the leptin mediated activation of NFATc4 that regulates the transcriptional activation of the ANP gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Mascareno
- Center for Cardiovascular and Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Chen HH, Martin FL, Gibbons RJ, Schirger JA, Wright RS, Schears RM, Redfield MM, Simari RD, Lerman A, Cataliotti A, Burnett JC. Low-dose nesiritide in human anterior myocardial infarction suppresses aldosterone and preserves ventricular function and structure: a proof of concept study. Heart 2009; 95:1315-9. [PMID: 19447837 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2008.153916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP, nesiritide) has anti-fibrotic, anti-hypertrophic, anti-inflammatory, vasodilating, lusitropic and aldosterone-inhibiting properties but conventional doses of BNP cause hypotension, limiting its use in heart failure. OBJECTIVE To determine whether infusion of low-dose BNP within 24 h of successful reperfusion for anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) would prevent adverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling and suppress aldosterone. METHODS A translational proof-of-concept study was carried out to determine tolerability and biological activity of intravenous BNP at 0.003 and 0.006 microg/kg/min, without bolus started within 24 h of successful reperfusion for anterior AMI. 24 patients with first anterior wall ST elevation AMI and successful revascularisation were randomly assigned to receive 0.003 (n = 12) or 0.006 (n = 12) microg/kg/min of IV BNP for 72 h in addition to standard care during hospitalisation for anterior AMI. RESULTS Baseline characteristics, drugs and peak cardiac biomarkers for myocardial damage were similar between both groups. Infusion of BNP at 0.006 microg/kg/min resulted in greater biological activity than infusion at 0.003 microg/kg/min as measured by higher mean (SEM) plasma cGMP levels (8.6 (1) vs 5.5 (1) pmol/ml, p<0.05) and suppression of plasma aldosterone (8.0 (2) to 4.6 (1) ng/dl, p<0.05), which was not seen in the 0.003 microg/kg/min group. LV ejection fraction (LVEF) improved significantly from baseline to 1 month (40 (4)% to 54 (5)%, p<0.05) in the 0.006 group but not in the 0.003 group. Infusion of BNP at 0.006 microg/kg/min was associated with a decrease of LV end-systolic volume index (61 (9) to 43 (8) ml/m(2), p<0.05) at 1 month, which was not seen in the 0.003 group. No drug-related serious adverse events occurred in either group. CONCLUSIONS 72 h infusion of low BNP at the time of anterior AMI is well tolerated and biologically active. Patients treated with low-dose BNP had improved LVEF and smaller LV end-systolic volume at 1 month.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Chen
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55904, USA.
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Stretch-activated non-selective cation channel: A causal link between mechanical stretch and atrial natriuretic peptide secretion. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 98:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shan X, Wang H, Margulies KB. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 attenuates atrial natriuretic peptide secretion. Biochemistry 2008; 47:10041-8. [PMID: 18759454 DOI: 10.1021/bi800972z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is an endogenous peptide hormone that is synthesized and secreted by the myocardium in health and disease. Although the bioactivity of this molecule has been studied extensively, cellular mechanisms governing its processing and secretion are not fully understood. Through a yeast two-hybrid screen of a cDNA library made from tissue of a failing human heart, we have discovered that the precursor of ANP, natriuretic peptide precursor (NPPA), physically interacts with the N-terminus of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a kinase believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure. We demonstrated that NPPA is a substrate of ASK1 in an in vitro kinase assay. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy shows that, when expressed in Hela cells, ASK1 and NPPA exhibit distinct, but overlapping, staining patterns, suggesting partial colocalization in cells. Additionally, coexpressing wild-type ASK1 with NPPA in Hela cells led to reduced levels of NPPA in the culture medium, suggesting that ASK1 negatively impacts NPPA processing and/or secretion. This negative effect was less pronounced when a dominant-negative allele of ASK1 with deficient kinase activity was coexpressed with NPPA. Because both ASK1 and ANP are associated with pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, their interaction may have pathophysiological and therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Shan
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Kasama S, Furuya M, Toyama T, Ichikawa S, Kurabayashi M. Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on left ventricular remodelling in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2008; 29:1485-94. [PMID: 18490430 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a member of the natriuretic peptide family that exerts various biological effects via acting on the receptor-guanylyl cyclase system, increasing the content of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). ANP was first identified as a diuretic/natriuretic and vasodilating hormone, but subsequent studies revealed that ANP has a very important function in the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), endothelin synthesis, and sympathetic nerve activity. Evidence is also accumulating from recent work that ANP exerts its cardioprotective functions not only as a circulating hormone but also as a local autocrine and/or paracrine factor. ANP inhibits apoptosis and hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes, and inhibits proliferation and fibrosis of cardiac fibroblasts. Reperfusion of the ischaemic myocardium by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces the infarct size and improves left ventricular (LV) function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the benefits of PCI in AMI are limited by reperfusion injury. Animal studies have shown that ANP inhibits ischaemia/reperfusion injury, and reduces infarct size. We and others have recently shown that the intravenous administration of ANP inhibits RAAS, sympathetic nerve activity and reperfusion injury, prevents LV remodelling, and improves LV function in patients with AMI. ANP has a variety of cardioprotective effects and is considered to be a very promising adjunct drug for the reperfusion therapy in patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Kasama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0034, Japan.
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Buxton ILO, Duan D. Cyclic GMP/protein kinase G phosphorylation of Smad3 blocks transforming growth factor-beta-induced nuclear Smad translocation: a key antifibrogenic mechanism of atrial natriuretic peptide. Circ Res 2008; 102:151-3. [PMID: 18239144 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.170217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Casaclang-Verzosa G, Gersh BJ, Tsang TSM. Structural and functional remodeling of the left atrium: clinical and therapeutic implications for atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 51:1-11. [PMID: 18174029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Left atrial (LA) structural and functional remodeling reflects a spectrum of pathophysiological changes that have occurred in response to specific stressors. These changes include alterations at the levels of ionic channels, cellular energy balance, neurohormonal expression, inflammatory response, and physiologic adaptations. There is convincing evidence demonstrating an important pathophysiological association between LA remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF). Measures that will prevent, attenuate, or halt these processes of LA remodeling may have a major public health impact with respect to the epidemic of AF. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in LA remodeling and highlight the existing and potential therapeutic options for its reversal, and implications for AF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Casaclang-Verzosa
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55901, USA
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Knockout of beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptors attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153:684-92. [PMID: 18193078 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of beta-adrenoceptors in heart disease remains controversial. Although beta-blockers ameliorate the progression of heart disease, the mechanism remains undefined. We investigated the effect of beta-adrenoceptors on cardiac hypertrophic growth using beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoreceptor knockout and wild-type (WT) mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were subjected to aortic banding or sham surgery, and their cardiac function was determined by echocardiography and micromanometry. KEY RESULTS At 4 and 12 weeks after aortic banding, the left ventricle:body mass ratio was increased by 80-87% in wild-type mice, but only by 15% in knockouts, relative to sham-operated groups. Despite the blunted hypertrophic growth, ventricular function in knockouts was maintained. WT mice responded to pressure overload with up-regulation of gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and fibrogenic growth factors, and with severe cardiac fibrosis. All these effects were absent in the knockout animals. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings of a markedly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis following pressure overload in this knockout model emphasize that beta-adrenoceptor signalling plays a central role in cardiac hypertrophy and maladaptation following pressure overload.
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Li P, Wang D, Lucas J, Oparil S, Xing D, Cao X, Novak L, Renfrow MB, Chen YF. Atrial natriuretic peptide inhibits transforming growth factor beta-induced Smad signaling and myofibroblast transformation in mouse cardiac fibroblasts. Circ Res 2007; 102:185-92. [PMID: 17991884 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.157677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that activation of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)/cGMP/protein kinase G signaling inhibits transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1-induced extracellular matrix expression in cardiac fibroblasts and defined the specific site(s) at which this molecular merging of signaling pathways occurs. Left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, collagen deposition, and myofibroblast transformation of cardiac fibroblasts in response to pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction were exaggerated in ANP-null mice compared with wild-type controls. ANP and cGMP inhibited TGF-beta1-induced myofibroblast transformation, proliferation, collagen synthesis, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts isolated from wild-type mice. Following pretreatment with cGMP, TGF-beta1 induced phosphorylation of Smad3, but the resultant pSmad3 could not be translocated to the nucleus. pSmad3 that had been phosphorylated with recombinant protein kinase G-1alpha was analyzed by use of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. The analysis revealed phosphorylation of Ser309 and Thr388 residues, sites distinct from the C-terminal Ser423/425 residues that are phosphorylated by TGF-beta receptor kinase and are critical for the nuclear translocation and down-stream signaling of pSmad3. These results suggest that phosphorylation of Smad3 by protein kinase G is a potential molecular mechanism by which activation of ANP/cGMP/protein kinase G signaling disrupts TGF-beta1-induced nuclear translocation of pSmad3 and downstream events, including myofibroblast transformation, proliferation, and expression of extracellular matrix molecules in cardiac fibroblasts. We postulate that this process contributes to the antifibrogenic effects of the natriuretic peptide in heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Sangaralingham SJ, Tse MY, Pang SC. Estrogen delays the progression of salt-induced cardiac hypertrophy by influencing the renin-angiotensin system in heterozygous proANP gene-disrupted mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 306:221-30. [PMID: 17713841 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-007-9573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy is considered an independent risk factor for cardiac morbidity and mortality, and many studies have shown that women have a lower incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy even after correcting for numerous risk factors. This cardio-protective effect seen in women has been attributed to estrogen, which likely modulates specific growth-promoting systems such as the renin-angiotensin system, and in turn may lead to the prevention of left ventricular hypertrophy. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of estrogen in relation to its impact on the development of left ventricular hypertrophy through its interaction with the renin-angiotensin system by using the proANP heterozygous (ANP +/-) mouse as a model of salt-sensitive cardiac hypertrophy. Male, female ANP +/- mice and also ovariectomized female ANP +/- mice treated with oil or estrogen, were fed either a normal or high-salt diet. All four groups exhibited a general suppression of the renin-angiotensin system under the high salt challenge. However, after the 5-week treatment period, marked left ventricular hypertrophy was noted only in the male and oil-injected ovariectomized female ANP +/- mice treated with high salt. Collectively, we provide direct evidence that the differences in cardiac hypertrophy between genders in ANP +/- mice is attributed to estrogen. Furthermore, estrogen may play a key role in slowing down the progression of salt-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in ANP +/- mice, in part, independent of the classical systemic renin-angiotensin system and possibly through other pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jeson Sangaralingham
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Room 850, Stuart St., Botterell Hall, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
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Du XJ. Divergence of hypertrophic growth and fetal gene profile: the influence of beta-blockers. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 152:169-71. [PMID: 17592504 PMCID: PMC1978264 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
While the expression patterns of cardiac hypertrophy-related genes have been well documented and widely used as markers for hypertrophy, recent research has revealed uncoupling of hypertrophy-related gene profiles and hypertrophic growth. The role of beta-adrenergic signalling in the development of hypertrophy is incompletely understood. The finding of an upregulated expression of hypertrophy-related genes but a suppressed hypertrophy following beta-blockade reveals previously unrecognized sympatho-adrenergic mechanisms of hypertrophic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-J Du
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mark Richards
- Department of Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Murray DB, Gardner JD, Levick SP, Brower GL, Morgan LG, Janicki JS. Response of cardiac mast cells to atrial natriuretic peptide. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H1216-22. [PMID: 17434981 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01388.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that cardiac mast cell degranulation induces adverse ventricular remodeling in response to chronic volume overload. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which is known to be elevated in chronic volume overload, causes cardiac mast cell degranulation. Relative to control, ANP induced significant histamine release from peritoneal mast cells, whereas isolated cardiac mast cells were not responsive. Infusion of ANP (225 pg/ml) into blood-perfused isolated rat hearts produced minimal activation of cardiac mast cells, similar to that seen in the control group. ANP also did not increase matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity, reduce collagen volume fraction, or alter diastolic or systolic cardiac function compared with saline-treated controls. In a subsequent study to evaluate the effects of natriuretic peptide receptor antagonism on volume overload-induced ventricular remodeling, anantin was administered to rats with an aortocaval fistula. Comparable increases of myocardial MMP-2 activity in treated and untreated rats with an aortocaval fistula were associated with equivalent decreases in ventricular collagen (P < 0.05 vs. sham-operated controls). Cardiac functional parameters and left ventricular hypertrophy were unaffected by anantin. We conclude that ANP is not a cardiac mast cell secretagogue and is not responsible for the cardiac mast cell-mediated adverse ventricular remodeling in response to volume overload.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/surgery
- Arteriovenous Fistula/complications
- Arteriovenous Fistula/metabolism
- Arteriovenous Fistula/pathology
- Arteriovenous Fistula/physiopathology
- Ascitic Fluid/cytology
- Ascitic Fluid/metabolism
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology
- Cell Degranulation/drug effects
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Histamine Release/drug effects
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Mast Cells/drug effects
- Mast Cells/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Vena Cava, Inferior/surgery
- Ventricular Function, Left
- Ventricular Remodeling
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Murray
- Cell and Developmental Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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Khan R. Examining potential therapies targeting myocardial fibrosis through the inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta 1. Cardiology 2007; 108:368-80. [PMID: 17308385 DOI: 10.1159/000099111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2005] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
After injury, the heart undergoes a remodeling process consisting primarily of myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis. Although initially beneficial, excess fibrosis gradually results in alteration of left ventricular properties and cardiac dysfunction. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta(1)) is thought to be a primary mediator of fibrosis within the heart after injury. Currently, angiotensin II blockade is used to inhibit the actions of TGF-beta(1). However, recent studies indicate that angiotensin II blockade alone may not be sufficient to prevent TGF-beta(1)-induced fibrosis. Thus far, both in vivo and in vitro models have shown that direct TGF-beta(1) inhibition, NAPDH oxidase inhibitors, growth factors and hormonal treatment regimens targeting TGF-beta(1) may significantly reduce cardiac fibrosis after injury. This study attempts to underline these alternatives to angiotensin II blockade in combating TGF-beta(1)-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razi Khan
- McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Canada.
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