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Acharya S, Liao S, Jung WJ, Kang YS, Moghaddam VA, Feitosa M, Wojczynski M, Lin S, Anema JA, Schwander K, Connell JO, Province M, Brent MR. Multi-omics Integration Identifies Genes Influencing Traits Associated with Cardiovascular Risks: The Long Life Family Study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.04.24303657. [PMID: 38496585 PMCID: PMC10942516 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.24303657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The Long Life Family Study (LLFS) enrolled 4,953 participants in 539 pedigrees displaying exceptional longevity. To identify genetic mechanisms that affect cardiovascular risks in the LLFS population, we developed a multi-omics integration pipeline and applied it to 11 traits associated with cardiovascular risks. Using our pipeline, we aggregated gene-level statistics from rare-variant analysis, GWAS, and gene expression-trait association by Correlated Meta-Analysis (CMA). Across all traits, CMA identified 64 significant genes after Bonferroni correction (p ≤ 2.8×10-7), 29 of which replicated in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) cohort. Notably, 20 of the 29 replicated genes do not have a previously known trait-associated variant in the GWAS Catalog within 50 kb. Thirteen modules in Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks are significantly enriched in genes with low meta-analysis p-values for at least one trait, three of which are replicated in the FHS cohort. The functional annotation of genes in these modules showed a significant over-representation of trait-related biological processes including sterol transport, protein-lipid complex remodeling, and immune response regulation. Among major findings, our results suggest a role of triglyceride-associated and mast-cell functional genes FCER1A, MS4A2, GATA2, HDC, and HRH4 in atherosclerosis risks. Our findings also suggest that lower expression of ATG2A, a gene we found to be associated with BMI, may be both a cause and consequence of obesity. Finally, our results suggest that ENPP3 may play an intermediary role in triglyceride-induced inflammation. Our pipeline is freely available and implemented in the Nextflow workflow language, making it easily runnable on any compute platform (https://nf-co.re/omicsgenetraitassociation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Acharya
- Division of Computational and Data Sciences, Washington University, St Louis, MO
| | - Shu Liao
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO
| | - Wooseok J Jung
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO
| | - Yu S Kang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO
| | - Vaha A Moghaddam
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Mary Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Shiow Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Jason A Anema
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Jeff O Connell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mike Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Michael R Brent
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO
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2
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Baylis RA, Gao H, Wang F, Bell CF, Luo L, Björkegren JL, Leeper NJ. Identifying shared transcriptional risk patterns between atherosclerosis and cancer. iScience 2023; 26:107513. [PMID: 37636064 PMCID: PMC10448075 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the leading causes of death worldwide. Numerous overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms have been hypothesized to drive the development of both diseases. Further investigation of these common pathways could allow for the identification of mutually detrimental processes and therapeutic targeting to derive mutual benefit. In this study, we intersect transcriptomic datasets correlated with disease severity or patient outcomes for both cancer and atherosclerotic CVD. These analyses confirmed numerous pathways known to underlie both diseases, such as inflammation and hypoxia, but also identified several novel shared pathways. We used these to explore common translational targets by applying the drug prediction software, OCTAD, to identify compounds that simultaneously reverse the gene expression signature for both diseases. These analyses suggest that certain tumor-specific therapeutic approaches may be implemented so that they avoid cardiovascular consequences, and in some cases may even be used to simultaneously target co-prevalent cancer and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Baylis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fudi Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caitlin F. Bell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lingfeng Luo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Johan L.M. Björkegren
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Leeper
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Tsukui D, Kimura Y, Kono H. GM-CSF receptor/SYK/JNK/FOXO1/CD11c signaling promotes atherosclerosis. iScience 2023; 26:107293. [PMID: 37520709 PMCID: PMC10382675 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis complicates chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, suggesting that a shared physiological pathway regulates inflammatory responses in these diseases wherein spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is involved. We aimed to identify a shared therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases. We used Syk-knockout atherosclerosis-prone mice to determine whether SYK is involved in atherosclerosis via the inflammatory response and elucidate the mechanism of SYK signaling. The Syk-knockout mice showed reduced atherosclerosis in vivo, and macrophages derived from this strain showed ameliorated cell migration in vitro. CD11c expression decreased on Syk-knockout monocytes and macrophages; it was upregulated by forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) after stimulation with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) mediated SYK signaling to FOXO1. Furthermore, FOXO1 inhibitor treatment mitigated atherosclerosis in mice. Thus, GM-CSF receptor/SYK/JNK/FOXO1/CD11c signaling in monocytes and macrophages and FOXO1 could be therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tsukui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kimura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hajime Kono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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4
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Cooper N, Ghanima W, Hill QA, Nicolson PLR, Markovtsov V, Kessler C. Recent advances in understanding spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) in human biology and disease, with a focus on fostamatinib. Platelets 2022; 34:2131751. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2131751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nichola Cooper
- Clinical Reader in Immune Haematology and Honorary Consultant, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Waleed Ghanima
- Head of Research and Consultant Haematologist, Department of Hemato-oncology, Østfold Hospital, and Department of Hematology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Quentin A Hill
- Consultant Haematologist, Department of Haematology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
| | - Phillip LR Nicolson
- Clinical Lecturer in Haematology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, and Department of Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vadim Markovtsov
- Translational Biology, Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Craig Kessler
- Medicine and Pathology, Director, Division of Coagulation, Director, Cellular and Therapeutic Apheresis and Cellular Collection, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Chen Y, Liu H, Tian Y, Luo Z, Yin G, Xie Q. Neoplasm Risk in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated With Fostamatinib: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:768980. [PMID: 35308252 PMCID: PMC8926144 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.768980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess neoplasm risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with fostamatinib. Methods: Studies were collected from electronic databases of OVID Medline, OVID EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. We included studies that reported neoplasms in patients with RA treated with fostamatinib. Study selection was repeated by two reviewers based on the study selection criteria. Data were collected and methodological quality assessment was performed. Data were pooled using the Peto odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses of the fostamatinib dose, trial duration, neoplasm nature, and neoplasm-originating systems were conducted. A funnel plot was used to estimate publication bias, and sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the results. Results: Seven trials involving 4,971 participants showing low to moderate risk of bias were included. Compared with the placebo, fostamatinib use was not associated with the risks of overall neoplasms (Peto OR = 2.62, 95%CI 0.97–7.10), malignant neoplasms (Peto OR = 3.08, 95%CI 0.96–9.91), or benign neoplasms (Peto OR = 1.71, 95%CI 0.26–11.36). Nevertheless, compared with the placebo, a longer duration of fostamatinib use had a higher risk of malignant neoplasms (Peto OR = 4.49, 95%CI 1.03–19.60) at 52 weeks. As for malignant neoplasms in the digestive system, lower doses of fostamatinib reduced the neoplasm risk (100 mg bid vs 150 mg qd: Peto OR = 0.06, 95%CI 0.01–0.59). Sensitivity analysis showed no significant differences in the effective trends, and no publication bias was found. Conclusion: Fostamatinib is not associated with the risks of overall neoplasms as compared to placebo. Nevertheless, a longer duration of fostamatinib use may be associated with a risk of malignant neoplasms and higher doses of fostamatinib may increase malignant neoplasms in the digestive system. Further well-planned cohort studies with a larger study population are needed to elucidate these outcomes. Systematic ReviewRegistration: PROSPERO (CRD42020202121).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunru Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongling Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geng Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qibing Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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6
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Chen B, Tao W, Yan L, Zeng M, Song L, Huang Z, Chen F. Molecular feature of arterial remodeling in the brain arteriovenous malformation revealed by arteriovenous shunt rat model and RNA sequencing. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108653. [PMID: 35247777 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Morphological research suggested the feeding artery of brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) had vascular remodeling under the high blood flow; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms were unclear. METHODS We constructed 32 simplified AVM rat models in four groups: the control group (n = 6), 1-week high-blood-flow group (n = 9), 3-week high-blood-flow group (n = 7) and 6-week high-blood-flow group (n = 10). The circumference, blood velocity, blood flow, pressure, and wall shear of the feeding artery were measured or calculated. The arterial wall change was observed by Masson staining. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of feeding arteries was performed, followed by bioinformatics analysis to detect the potential molecular mechanism for bAVM artery remodeling under the high blood flow. RESULTS We observed hemodynamic injury and vascular remodeling on the feeding artery under the high blood flow. RNA-seq showed immune/inflammation infiltration and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype transformation during remodeling. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and time series analysis further identified 27 key genes and pathways involved in remodeling. Upstream miRNA and molecular drugs were predicted targeting these key genes. CONCLUSIONS We depicted molecular change of bAVM arterial remodeling via RNA-seq in high-blood-flow rat models. Twenty-seven key genes may regulate immune/inflammation infiltration and VSMC phenotype transform in bAVM arterial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wengui Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Langchao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Laixin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Surgery, Mudanjiang Huimin Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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7
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Gissler MC, Scherrer P, Anto-Michel N, Pennig J, Hoppe N, Füner L, Härdtner C, Stachon P, Li X, Mitre LS, Marchini T, Madl J, Wadle C, Hilgendorf I, von Zur Mühlen C, Bode C, Weber C, Lutgens E, Wolf D, Gerdes N, Zirlik A, Willecke F. Deficiency of Endothelial CD40 Induces a Stable Plaque Phenotype and Limits Inflammatory Cell Recruitment to Atherosclerotic Lesions in Mice. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:1530-1540. [PMID: 33618394 DOI: 10.1055/a-1397-1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The co-stimulatory CD40L-CD40 dyad exerts a critical role in atherosclerosis by modulating leukocyte accumulation into developing atherosclerotic plaques. The requirement for cell-type specific expression of both molecules, however, remains elusive. Here, we evaluate the contribution of CD40 expressed on endothelial cells (ECs) in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaques of apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe -/- ) mice and humans displayed increased expression of CD40 on ECs compared with controls. To interrogate the role of CD40 on ECs in atherosclerosis, we induced EC-specific (BmxCreERT2-driven) deficiency of CD40 in Apoe -/- mice. After feeding a chow diet for 25 weeks, EC-specific deletion of CD40 (iEC-CD40) ameliorated plaque lipid deposition and lesional macrophage accumulation but increased intimal smooth muscle cell and collagen content, while atherosclerotic lesion size did not change. Leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall was impaired in iEC-CD40-deficient mice as demonstrated by intravital microscopy. In accord, expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the vascular endothelium declined after deletion of CD40. In vitro, antibody-mediated inhibition of human endothelial CD40 significantly abated monocyte adhesion on ECs. CONCLUSION Endothelial deficiency of CD40 in mice promotes structural features associated with a stable plaque phenotype in humans and decreases leukocyte adhesion. These results suggest that endothelial-expressed CD40 contributes to inflammatory cell migration and consecutive plaque formation in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Colin Gissler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Scherrer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nathaly Anto-Michel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Pennig
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Hoppe
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Füner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Härdtner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lucia Sol Mitre
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timoteo Marchini
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Josef Madl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Wadle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Constantin von Zur Mühlen
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Willecke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Klinik für Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie/Angiologie, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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8
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Recognition of Oxidized Lipids by Macrophages and Its Role in Atherosclerosis Development. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080915. [PMID: 34440119 PMCID: PMC8389651 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease that has a prominent inflammatory component. Currently, atherosclerosis is regarded as an active autoimmune process that involves both innate and adaptive immune pathways. One of the drivers of this process is the presence of modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL). For instance, lipoprotein oxidation leads to the formation of oxidation-specific epitopes (OSE) that can be recognized by the immune cells. Macrophage response to OSEs is recognized as a key trigger for initiation and a stimulator of progression of the inflammatory process in the arteries. At the same time, the role of oxidized LDL components is not limited to pro-inflammatory stimulation, but includes immunoregulatory effects that can have protective functions. It is, therefore, important to better understand the complexity of oxidized LDL effects in atherosclerosis in order to develop new therapeutic approaches to correct the inflammatory and metabolic imbalance associated with this disorder. In this review, we discuss the process of oxidized LDL formation, mechanisms of OSE recognition by macrophages and the role of these processes in atherosclerosis.
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9
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Lopez‐Sanz L, Bernal S, Jimenez‐Castilla L, Prieto I, La Manna S, Gomez‐Lopez S, Blanco‐Colio LM, Egido J, Martin‐Ventura JL, Gomez‐Guerrero C. Fcγ receptor activation mediates vascular inflammation and abdominal aortic aneurysm development. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e463. [PMID: 34323424 PMCID: PMC8255062 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a degenerative vascular pathology characterized by permanent dilation of the aorta, is considered a chronic inflammatory disease involving innate/adaptive immunity. However, the functional role of antibody-dependent immune response against antigens present in the damaged vessel remains unresolved. We hypothesized that engagement of immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc receptors (FcγR) by immune complexes (IC) in the aortic wall contributes to AAA development. We therefore evaluated FcγR expression in AAA lesions and analysed whether inhibition of FcγR signaling molecules (γ-chain and Syk kinase) influences AAA formation in mice. METHODS FcγR gene/protein expression was assessed in human and mouse AAA tissues. Experimental AAA was induced by aortic elastase perfusion in wild-type (WT) mice and γ-chain knockout (γKO) mice (devoid of activating FcγR) in combination with macrophage adoptive transfer or Syk inhibitor treatment. To verify the mechanisms of FcγR in vitro, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and macrophages were stimulated with IgG IC. RESULTS FcγR overexpression was detected in adventitia and media layers of human and mouse AAA. Elastase-perfused γKO mice exhibited a decrease in AAA incidence, aortic dilation, elastin degradation, and VSMC loss. This was associated with (1) reduced infiltrating leukocytes and immune deposits in AAA lesions, (2) inflammatory genes and metalloproteinases downregulation, (3) redox balance restoration, and (4) converse phenotype of anti-inflammatory macrophage M2 and contractile VSMC. Adoptive transfer of FcγR-expressing macrophages aggravated aneurysm in γKO mice. In vitro, FcγR deficiency attenuated inflammatory gene expression, oxidative stress, and phenotypic switch triggered by IC. Additionally, Syk inhibition prevented IC-mediated cell responses, reduced inflammation, and mitigated AAA formation. CONCLUSION Our findings provide insight into the role and mechanisms mediating IgG-FcγR-associated inflammation and aortic wall injury in AAA, which might represent therapeutic targets against AAA disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/adverse effects
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/genetics
- Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/metabolism
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives
- Niacinamide/therapeutic use
- Oxidative Stress
- Pancreatic Elastase/adverse effects
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Syk Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Syk Kinase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lopez‐Sanz
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM)MadridSpain
| | - Susana Bernal
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM)MadridSpain
| | - Luna Jimenez‐Castilla
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM)MadridSpain
| | - Ignacio Prieto
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM)MadridSpain
| | - Sara La Manna
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
| | | | - Luis Miguel Blanco‐Colio
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - Jesus Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM)MadridSpain
| | - Jose Luis Martin‐Ventura
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - Carmen Gomez‐Guerrero
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research LabIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS‐FJD)MadridSpain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM)MadridSpain
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10
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Kost-Alimova M, Sidhom EH, Satyam A, Chamberlain BT, Dvela-Levitt M, Melanson M, Alper SL, Santos J, Gutierrez J, Subramanian A, Byrne PJ, Grinkevich E, Reyes-Bricio E, Kim C, Clark AR, Watts AJ, Thompson R, Marshall J, Pablo JL, Coraor J, Roignot J, Vernon KA, Keller K, Campbell A, Emani M, Racette M, Bazua-Valenti S, Padovano V, Weins A, McAdoo SP, Tam FW, Ronco L, Wagner F, Tsokos GC, Shaw JL, Greka A. A High-Content Screen for Mucin-1-Reducing Compounds Identifies Fostamatinib as a Candidate for Rapid Repurposing for Acute Lung Injury. Cell Rep Med 2020; 1:100137. [PMID: 33294858 PMCID: PMC7691435 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug repurposing has the advantage of identifying potential treatments on a shortened timescale. In response to the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2, we took advantage of a high-content screen of 3,713 compounds at different stages of clinical development to identify FDA-approved compounds that reduce mucin-1 (MUC1) protein abundance. Elevated MUC1 levels predict the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and correlate with poor clinical outcomes. Our screen identifies fostamatinib (R788), an inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) approved for the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia, as a repurposing candidate for the treatment of ALI. In vivo, fostamatinib reduces MUC1 abundance in lung epithelial cells in a mouse model of ALI. In vitro, SYK inhibition by the active metabolite R406 promotes MUC1 removal from the cell surface. Our work suggests fostamatinib as a repurposing drug candidate for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eriene-Heidi Sidhom
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abhigyan Satyam
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Moran Dvela-Levitt
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Seth L. Alper
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean Santos
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Juan Gutierrez
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Choah Kim
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abbe R. Clark
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J.B. Watts
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jamie Marshall
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Juliana Coraor
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Roignot
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katherine A. Vernon
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith Keller
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alissa Campbell
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Silvana Bazua-Valenti
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Astrid Weins
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen P. McAdoo
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Frederick W.K. Tam
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Luciene Ronco
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - George C. Tsokos
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anna Greka
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Nie J, Yang J, Wei Y, Wei X. The role of oxidized phospholipids in the development of disease. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 76:100909. [PMID: 33023753 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs), complex mixtures of phospholipid oxidation products generated during normal or pathological processes, are increasingly recognized to show bioactive effects on many cellular signalling pathways. There is a growing body of evidence showing that OxPLs play an important role in many diseases, so it is essential to define the specific role of OxPLs in different diseases for the design of disease therapies. In vastly diverse pathological processes, OxPLs act as pro-inflammatory agents and contribute to the progression of many diseases; in addition, they play a role in anti-inflammatory processes, promoting the dissipation of inflammation and inhibiting the progression of some diseases. In addition to participating in the regulation of inflammatory responses, OxPLs affect the occurrence and development of diseases through other pathways, such as apoptosis promotion. In this review, the different and even opposite effects of different OxPL molecular species are discussed. Furthermore, the specific effects of OxPLs in various diseases, as well as the receptor and cellular mechanisms involved, are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Nie
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan, 650032, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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12
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Alimova M, Sidhom EH, Satyam A, Dvela-Levitt M, Melanson M, Chamberlain BT, Alper SL, Santos J, Gutierrez J, Subramanian A, Grinkevich E, Bricio ER, Kim C, Clark A, Watts A, Thompson R, Marshall J, Pablo JL, Coraor J, Roignot J, Vernon KA, Keller K, Campbell A, Emani M, Racette M, Bazua-Valenti S, Padovano V, Weins A, McAdoo SP, Tam FW, Ronco L, Wagner F, Tsokos GC, Shaw JL, Greka A. A High Content Screen for Mucin-1-Reducing Compounds Identifies Fostamatinib as a Candidate for Rapid Repurposing for Acute Lung Injury during the COVID-19 pandemic. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.06.30.180380. [PMID: 32637960 PMCID: PMC7337390 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.30.180380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing is the only method capable of delivering treatments on the shortened time-scale required for patients afflicted with lung disease arising from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucin-1 (MUC1), a membrane-bound molecule expressed on the apical surfaces of most mucosal epithelial cells, is a biochemical marker whose elevated levels predict the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and correlate with poor clinical outcomes. In response to the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2, we took advantage of a high content screen of 3,713 compounds at different stages of clinical development to identify FDA-approved compounds that reduce MUC1 protein abundance. Our screen identified Fostamatinib (R788), an inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) approved for the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia, as a repurposing candidate for the treatment of ALI. In vivo , Fostamatinib reduced MUC1 abundance in lung epithelial cells in a mouse model of ALI. In vitro , SYK inhibition by Fostamatinib promoted MUC1 removal from the cell surface. Our work reveals Fostamatinib as a repurposing drug candidate for ALI and provides the rationale for rapidly standing up clinical trials to test Fostamatinib efficacy in patients with COVID-19 lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alimova
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eriene-Heidi Sidhom
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhigyan Satyam
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Moran Dvela-Levitt
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle Melanson
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Seth L. Alper
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jean Santos
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juan Gutierrez
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Choah Kim
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abbe Clark
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Watts
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Thompson
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jamie Marshall
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Juliana Coraor
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Roignot
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A. Vernon
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith Keller
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alissa Campbell
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Matthew Racette
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Silvana Bazua-Valenti
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valeria Padovano
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Astrid Weins
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen P. McAdoo
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Frederick W.K. Tam
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lucienne Ronco
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Florence Wagner
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George C. Tsokos
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jillian L. Shaw
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Greka
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Fan Y, Zhang Z, Yao C, Bai J, Yang H, Ma P, Fan Y, Li S, Yuan J, Lin M, Hou Q. Amurensin H, a Derivative From Resveratrol, Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide/Cigarette Smoke-Induced Airway Inflammation by Blocking the Syk/NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1157. [PMID: 31636566 PMCID: PMC6787933 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amurensin H, a resveratrol dimer derived from Vitis amurensis Rupr, has several biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Studies have found that amurensin H attenuated asthma-like allergic airway inflammation. However, its protective activity on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) airway inflammation is not fully explored. The present study used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/cigarette smoke-induced mice model and an LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages model to measure the lung tissue's morphology changes. The results showed that amurensin H ameliorated the histological inflammatory alterations in the lung tissues, leading to a decrease in the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interferon γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Amurensin H also significantly inhibited the release of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages. Furthermore, amurensin H markedly inhibited the expressions of p-Syk, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and p-NF-κB both in vivo and in vitro. Results from cotreatment with Syk inhibitor BAY61-3606 and NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 in vitro revealed that amurensin H's protective effect against airway inflammation could be due partly to the inhibition of the Syk/NF-κB pathway. These findings suggest that amurensin H shows therapeutic effects on COPD airway inflammation, and inhibiting the Syk/NF-κB pathway might be part of its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsuo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinye Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiqiao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingbao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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14
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Guo Y, Huang S, Ma Y, Zhang J, Wen Y, Zhou L, Yuan G, Cheng J. MiR-377 mediates the expression of Syk to attenuate atherosclerosis lesion development in ApoE−/− mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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15
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Impact of gender and age on the association of the BUD13-ZNF259 rs964184 polymorphism with coronary heart disease. Anatol J Cardiol 2019; 19:42-49. [PMID: 29339699 PMCID: PMC5864789 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2017.8002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to validate the association of the rs964184 polymorphism with the CHD risk and included 874 CHD patients and 776 controls. METHODS rs964184 polymorphism genotyping was performed using Tm-shift polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A strong association of the rs964184 polymorphism with CHD was found (genotype: X2=14.365, p=0.001; allele: X2=14.191, p=1.67x10-4; power=0.965). Gender analysis revealed a significant association only in males (genotype: X2=12.387, p=0.002; allele: X2=12.404, p=4.32x10-4; OR=1.467, 95% CI=1.185-1.817, power=0.945). Age and gender analyses revealed significant associations of the rs964184 polymorphism with CHD in males between the ages of 55 and 65 years (genotype: X2=10.070, p=0.007; allele: X2=10.077, p=0.002; OR=1.706, 95% CI=1.224-2.377, power=0.996) and in females older than 65 years (genotype: X2=9.462, p=0.009; allele: X2=9.560, p=0.002; OR=2.112, 95% CI=1.308-3.412, power=0.994). Further subgroup analysis suggested that rs964184 genotypes were significantly associated with TG levels in the patients (r=0.191, adjusted p=1.05x10-5) and controls (r=0.101, adjusted p=0.026). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that both gender and age have great impacts on the association of the rs964184 polymorphism with CHD among Chinese.
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16
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Li B, He J, Lv H, Liu Y, Lv X, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Ai D. c-Abl regulates YAPY357 phosphorylation to activate endothelial atherogenic responses to disturbed flow. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1167-1179. [PMID: 30629551 DOI: 10.1172/jci122440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Local flow patterns determine the uneven distribution of atherosclerotic lesions. This research aims to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) under oscillatory shear stress (OSS) in the atheroprone phenotype of endothelial cells (ECs). We report here that OSS led to tyrosine phosphorylation and strong, continuous nuclear translocation of YAP in ECs that is dependent on integrin α5β1 activation. YAP overexpression in ECs blunted the anti-atheroprone effect of an integrin α5β1-blocking peptide (ATN161) in Apoe-/- mice. Activation of integrin α5β1 induced tyrosine, but not serine, phosphorylation of YAP in ECs. Blockage of integrin α5β1 with ATN161 abolished the phosphorylation of YAP at Y357 induced by OSS. Mechanistic studies showed that c-Abl inhibitor attenuated the integrin α5β1-induced YAP tyrosine phosphorylation. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of c-Abl and YAPY357 was significantly increased in ECs in atherosclerotic vessels of mice and in human plaques versus normal vessels. Finally, bosutinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, markedly reduced the level of YAPY357 and the development of atherosclerosis in Apoe-/- mice. The c-Abl/YAPY357 pathway serves as a mechanism for the activation of integrin α5β1 and the atherogenic phenotype of ECs in response to OSS, and provides a potential therapeutic strategy for atherogenesis.
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17
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Xu M, Liu PP, Li H. Innate Immune Signaling and Its Role in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:893-948. [PMID: 30565509 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00065.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved system that senses and defends against infection and irritation. Innate immune signaling is a complex cascade that quickly recognizes infectious threats through multiple germline-encoded cell surface or cytoplasmic receptors and transmits signals for the deployment of proper countermeasures through adaptors, kinases, and transcription factors, resulting in the production of cytokines. As the first response of the innate immune system to pathogenic signals, inflammatory responses must be rapid and specific to establish a physical barrier against the spread of infection and must subsequently be terminated once the pathogens have been cleared. Long-lasting and low-grade chronic inflammation is a distinguishing feature of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, which are currently major public health problems. Cardiometabolic stress-induced inflammatory responses activate innate immune signaling, which directly contributes to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Additionally, although the innate immune elements are highly conserved in higher-order jawed vertebrates, lower-grade jawless vertebrates lack several transcription factors and inflammatory cytokine genes downstream of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) pathways, suggesting that innate immune signaling components may additionally function in an immune-independent way. Notably, recent studies from our group and others have revealed that innate immune signaling can function as a vital regulator of cardiometabolic homeostasis independent of its immune function. Therefore, further investigation of innate immune signaling in cardiometabolic systems may facilitate the discovery of new strategies to manage the initiation and progression of cardiometabolic disorders, leading to better treatments for these diseases. In this review, we summarize the current progress in innate immune signaling studies and the regulatory function of innate immunity in cardiometabolic diseases. Notably, we highlight the immune-independent effects of innate immune signaling components on the development of cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Animal Experiment Center, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
| | - Peter P Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Animal Experiment Center, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Animal Experiment Center, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
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18
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Huang S, Lv Z, Wen Y, Wei Y, Zhou L, Ke Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Li L, Guo Y, Li D, Xie C, Guo Y, Cheng J. miR-129-2-3p directly targets SYK gene and associates with the risk of ischaemic stroke in a Chinese population. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:167-176. [PMID: 30499219 PMCID: PMC6307781 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) gene has been identified as novel susceptibility locus for ischaemic stroke (IS) previously. However, regulation of SYK gene remains unknown in IS. In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs that might be involved in the development of IS by targeting SYK gene. miRNAs were firstly screened by bioinformatics predicting tool. The expression levels of SYK gene were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively, after miRNA transfection. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to investigate the direct binding between miRNAs and target gene. miRNA levels were detected by miRNA TaqMan assays in the blood cells of 270 IS patients and 270 control volunteers. Results suggest that SYK gene might be a direct target of miR-129-2-3p. The blood level of miR-129-2-3p was significantly lower in IS patients (P < 0.05), and negatively associated with the risk of IS (adjusted OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80-0.98; P = 0.021) by multivariable logistic regression analysis. The blood levels of SYK gene were significantly higher in IS patients, and miR-129-2-3p expression was negatively correlated with mean platelet volume. In summary, our study suggests that miR-129-2-3p might be involved in the pathogenesis of IS through interrupting SYK expression and the platelet function, and further investigation is needed to explore the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Huang
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Ziquan Lv
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yazhen Wei
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of School HygieneShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yuebin Ke
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Qianhui Xu
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of ShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Lu Li
- Research Center of Translational MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Yinsheng Guo
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Di Li
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of ShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Changhui Xie
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of ShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyShenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenGuangdongChina
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19
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Dautova Y, Kapustin AN, Pappert K, Epple M, Okkenhaug H, Cook SJ, Shanahan CM, Bootman MD, Proudfoot D. Calcium phosphate particles stimulate interleukin-1β release from human vascular smooth muscle cells: A role for spleen tyrosine kinase and exosome release. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 115:82-93. [PMID: 29274344 PMCID: PMC5823844 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Calcium phosphate (CaP) particle deposits are found in several inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis and osteoarthritis. CaP, and other forms of crystals and particles, can promote inflammasome formation in macrophages leading to caspase-1 activation and secretion of mature interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Given the close association of small CaP particles with vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in atherosclerotic fibrous caps, we aimed to determine if CaP particles affected pro-inflammatory signalling in human VSMCs. METHODS AND RESULTS Using ELISA to measure IL-1β release from VSMCs, we demonstrated that CaP particles stimulated IL-1β release from proliferating and senescent human VSMCs, but with substantially greater IL-1β release from senescent cells; this required caspase-1 activity but not LPS-priming of cells. Potential inflammasome agonists including ATP, nigericin and monosodium urate crystals did not stimulate IL-1β release from VSMCs. Western blot analysis demonstrated that CaP particles induced rapid activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) (increased phospho-Y525/526). The SYK inhibitor R406 reduced IL-1β release and caspase-1 activation in CaP particle-treated VSMCs, indicating that SYK activation occurs upstream of and is required for caspase-1 activation. In addition, IL-1β and caspase-1 colocalised in intracellular endosome-like vesicles and we detected IL-1β in exosomes isolated from VSMC media. Furthermore, CaP particle treatment stimulated exosome secretion by VSMCs in a SYK-dependent manner, while the exosome-release inhibitor spiroepoxide reduced IL-1β release. CONCLUSIONS CaP particles stimulate SYK and caspase-1 activation in VSMCs, leading to the release of IL-1β, at least in part via exosomes. These novel findings in human VSMCs highlight the pro-inflammatory and pro-calcific potential of microcalcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Dautova
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Alexander N Kapustin
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London,125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Kevin Pappert
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Hanneke Okkenhaug
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Simon J Cook
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London,125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Martin D Bootman
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Diane Proudfoot
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
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20
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Serbulea V, Upchurch CM, Ahern KW, Bories G, Voigt P, DeWeese DE, Meher AK, Harris TE, Leitinger N. Macrophages sensing oxidized DAMPs reprogram their metabolism to support redox homeostasis and inflammation through a TLR2-Syk-ceramide dependent mechanism. Mol Metab 2018; 7:23-34. [PMID: 29153923 PMCID: PMC5784323 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophages control tissue homeostasis and inflammation by sensing and responding to environmental cues. However, the metabolic adaptation of macrophages to oxidative tissue damage and its translation into inflammatory mechanisms remains enigmatic. METHODS Here we identify the critical regulatory pathways that are induced by endogenous oxidation-derived DAMPs (oxidized phospholipids, OxPL) in vitro, leading to formation of a unique redox-regulatory metabolic phenotype (Mox), which is strikingly different from conventional classical or alternative macrophage activation. RESULTS Unexpectedly, metabolomic analyses demonstrated that Mox heavily rely on glucose metabolism and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to support GSH production and Nrf2-dependent antioxidant gene expression. While the metabolic adaptation of macrophages to OxPL involved transient suppression of aerobic glycolysis, it also led to upregulation of inflammatory gene expression. In contrast to classically activated (M1) macrophages, Hif1α mediated expression of OxPL-induced Glut1 and VEGF but was dispensable for Il1β expression. Mechanistically, we show that OxPL suppress mitochondrial respiration via TLR2-dependent ceramide production, redirecting TCA metabolites to GSH synthesis. Finally, we identify spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) as a critical downstream signaling mediator that translates OxPL-induced effects into ceramide production and inflammatory gene regulation. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data demonstrate the metabolic and bioenergetic requirements that enable macrophages to translate tissue oxidation status into either antioxidant or inflammatory responses via sensing OxPL. Targeting dysregulated redox homeostasis in macrophages could therefore lead to novel therapies to treat chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Serbulea
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Clint M Upchurch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Katelyn W Ahern
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Gael Bories
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Paxton Voigt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Dory E DeWeese
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Akshaya K Meher
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Thurl E Harris
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
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21
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Wolf D, Stachon P, Bode C, Zirlik A. Inflammatory mechanisms in atherosclerosis. Hamostaseologie 2017; 34:63-71. [DOI: 10.5482/hamo-13-09-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SummaryThroughout the last two decades inflammation has been recognized as the central mechanism underlying atherogenesis. A multitude of basic science work demonstrates the pivotal role of inflammatory processes during every step of atherosclerotic plaque formation: From initiation via propagation to complication.This review describes some of the key mechanisms involved with a particular focus on the diverse group of inflammatory cells and their subsets that distinctly contribute to atherogenic and anti-atherogenic phenomena. Furthermore, we summarize the controlling action of a tight network of co-stimulatory molecules and cytokines orchestrating the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effector functions. Finally, the current status of clinical trials evaluating anti-inflammatory/ immune-modulatory treatment strategies is summarized and an outlook for future therapeutic implications is provided.
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22
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Rupprecht B, Wolf D, Hergeth S, Hoppe N, Dufner B, Schulte L, Michel N, Bukosza N, Marchini T, Jäckel M, Stachon P, Hilgendorf I, Zeschky K, Schleicher R, Langer HF, von zur Muhlen C, Bode C, Peter K, Willecke F, Tiwari S, Zirlik A. Interruption of classic CD40L-CD40 signalling but not of the novel CD40L-Mac-1 interaction limits arterial neointima formation in mice. Thromb Haemost 2017; 112:379-89. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-08-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe co-stimulatory immune molecule CD40L figures prominently in a variety of inflammatory conditions including arterial disease. Recently, we made the surprising finding that CD40L mediates atherogenesis independently of its classic receptor CD40 via a novel interaction with the leukocyte integrin Mac-1. Here, we hypothesised that selective blockade of the CD40L-Mac-1 interaction may also retard restenosis. We induced neointima formation in C57/BL6 mice by ligation of the left carotid artery. Mice were randomised to daily intraperitoneal injections of either cM7, a small peptide selectively inhibiting the CD40L-Mac-1 interaction, scM7, a scrambled control peptide, or saline for 28 days. Interestingly, cM7-treated mice developed neointima of similar size compared with mice receiving the control peptide or saline as assessed by computer-assisted analysis of histological cross sections. These data demonstrate that the CD40L-Mac-1 interaction is not required for the development of restenosis. In contrast, CD40-deficient mice subjected to carotid ligation in parallel, developed significantly reduced neointimal lesions compared with respective wild-type controls (2872 ± 843 µm² vs 35469 ± 11870 µm²). Flow cytometry in CD40-deficient mice revealed reduced formation of platelet-granulocyte and platelet-inflammatory monocyte-aggregates. In vitro, supernatants of CD40-deficient platelet-leukocyte aggregates attenuated proliferation and increased apoptosis of smooth muscle cells. Unlike in the setting of atherosclerosis, CD40L mediates neointima formation via its classic receptor CD40 rather than via its recently described novel interaction with Mac-1. Therefore, selective targeting of CD40L-Mac-1 binding does not appear to be a favorable strategy to fight restenosis.
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23
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Newland A, Lee EJ, McDonald V, Bussel JB. Fostamatinib for persistent/chronic adult immune thrombocytopenia. Immunotherapy 2017; 10:9-25. [PMID: 28967793 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by phagocytosis and destruction of autoantibody-coated platelets via spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)-mediated signal transduction in macrophages. Effectiveness of existing therapies varies, and even leading treatments (e.g., IVIg, splenectomy, rituximab, thrombopoietic agents) do not provide optimal management for a substantial number of patients with chronic ITP. Fostamatinib disodium is an orally-bioavailable investigational agent being developed for treatment of primary persistent/chronic adult ITP. Fostamatinib inhibits FcR-triggered, Syk-dependent cytoskeletal rearrangement during phagocytosis. Promising findings have been described in several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, and sustained responses with manageable adverse events observed with ongoing treatment in patients with heavily treated chronic ITP. Fostamatinib represents an active therapy targeting a previously unexplored mechanism of ITP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Newland
- Academic Haematology Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Eun-Ju Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vickie McDonald
- Department of Haematology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - James B Bussel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Diacerein inhibits the pro-atherogenic & pro-inflammatory effects of IL-1 on human keratinocytes & endothelial cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173981. [PMID: 28323859 PMCID: PMC5360272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated IL-1-induced regulation of genes related to inflammation and atherogenesis in human keratinocytes and endothelial cells, and if ‘diacerein’, an oral IL-1 inhibiting drug currently approved for use in osteoarthritis, would reverse IL-1’s effects on these cells. Primary human keratinocytes and coronary artery endothelial cells were treated with either IL-1α or IL-1β, with and without diacerein. Using PCR-array, we assessed differential gene-expression regulated by IL-1 and diacerein. We identified 34 pro-atherogenic genes in endothelial cells and 68 pro-inflammatory genes in keratinocytes significantly (p<0.05) regulated at least 2-fold by IL-1, in comparison to control. Diacerein completely or partially reversed this regulation on almost all genes. Using ELISA, we confirmed diacerein’s ability to reverse IL-1-driven gene-regulation of 11 selected factors, at the protein level. The results support a novel idea that diacerein acts as an inhibitor of the pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory effects of IL-1. Diacerein may have therapeutic applications to diminish IL-1-induced skin inflammation in psoriasis and attenuate IL-1-induced development of atherosclerosis. Further investigation into diacerein’s effect on skin inflammation, atherogenesis and cardiovascular risk in animal models or humans is warranted.
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25
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Wang G, Kuai D, Yang Y, Yang G, Wei Z, Zhao W. Screening of potential gene markers for predicting carotid atheroma plaque formation using bioinformatics approaches. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2039-2048. [PMID: 28260035 PMCID: PMC5365012 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate potential gene markers for predicting the formation of carotid atheroma plaques using high-throughput bioinformatics methods. The GSE43292 gene expression profile was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Following data processing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using a paired t-test in the Linear Models for Microarray Data package with the criteria of a false discovery rate of P<0.05 and |log2 fold-change| ≥0.58, followed by functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, key node and module analysis, and prediction of transcription factors (TFs) targeting genes in the significant modules. The results revealed that the gene expression profiles from 32 paired samples of carotid atheroma plaque tissue and macroscopically intact tissue were obtained, based on which 886 DEGs, including 513 upregulated genes and 373 downregulated genes, were identified. The upregulated and downregulated gene sets were enriched in 24 and 13 pathways, respectively. The PPI network constructed with these DEGs comprised 35 key nodes with degrees ≥20, among which spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), LYN and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit γ (PIK3CG) were the three highest. A significant module was mined in the PPI network, which consisted of 29 DEGs targeted by 11 TFs. The DEGs between the carotid atheroma plaque and macroscopically intact tissue samples may be involved in carotid atherogenesis. Key nodes in the PPI network constructed from these DEGs and the genes involved in the significant module, including SYK, LYN and PIK3CG, are promising for the prediction of carotid plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Dong Kuai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yudong Yang
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Gaochao Yang
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wei
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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26
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Miller YI, Shyy JYJ. Context-Dependent Role of Oxidized Lipids and Lipoproteins in Inflammation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:143-152. [PMID: 27931771 PMCID: PMC5253098 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), which contains hundreds of different oxidized lipid molecules, is a hallmark of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. The same oxidized lipids found in OxLDL are also formed in apoptotic cells, and are present in tissues as well as in the circulation under pathological conditions. In many disease contexts, oxidized lipids constitute damage signals, or patterns, that activate pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and significantly contribute to inflammation. Here, we review recent discoveries and emerging trends in the field of oxidized lipids and the regulation of inflammation, focusing on oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids esterified into cholesteryl esters (CEs) and phospholipids (PLs). We also highlight context-dependent activation and biased agonism of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and the NLRP3 inflammasome, among other signaling pathways activated by oxidized lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury I Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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27
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Bukong TN, Iracheta-Vellve A, Saha B, Ambade A, Satishchandran A, Gyongyosi B, Lowe P, Catalano D, Kodys K, Szabo G. Inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase activation ameliorates inflammation, cell death, and steatosis in alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology 2016; 64:1057-71. [PMID: 27302565 PMCID: PMC5033691 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The spectrum of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of mortality with limited therapies available. Because alcohol targets numerous signaling pathways in hepatocytes and in immune cells, the identification of a master regulatory target that modulates multiple signaling processes is attractive. In this report, we assessed the role of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, which has a central modulatory role in multiple proinflammatory signaling pathways involved in the pathomechanism of ALD. Using mouse disease models that represent various phases in the progression of human ALD, we found that alcohol, in all of these models, induced SYK activation in the liver, both in hepatocytes and liver mononuclear cells. Furthermore, significant SYK activation also occurred in liver samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with ALD/alcoholic hepatitis compared to controls. Functional inhibition of SYK activation in vivo abrogated alcohol-induced hepatic neutrophil infiltration, resident immune cell activation, as well as inflammasome and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2-mediated nuclear factor kappa B activation in mice. Strikingly, inhibition of SYK activation diminished alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and interferon regulatory factor 3-mediated apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a novel, functional, and multicellular role for SYK phosphorylation in modulating immune cell-driven liver inflammation, hepatocyte cell death, and steatosis at different stages of ALD. These novel findings highlight SYK as a potential multifunctional target in the treatment of alcoholic steatohepatitis. (Hepatology 2016;64:1057-1071).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
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28
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Roy A, Srivastava M, Saqib U, Liu D, Faisal SM, Sugathan S, Bishnoi S, Baig MS. Potential therapeutic targets for inflammation in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 40:79-89. [PMID: 27584057 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is set off when innate immune cells detect infection or tissue injury. Tight control of the severity, duration, and location of inflammation is an absolute requirement for an appropriate balance between clearance of injured tissue and pathogens versus damage to host cells. Impeding the risk associated with the imbalance in the inflammatory response requires precise identification of potential therapeutic targets involved in provoking the inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) primarily known for the pathogen recognition and subsequent immune responses are being investigated for their pathogenic role in various chronic diseases. A mammalian homologue of Drosophila Toll receptor 4 (TLR4) was shown to induce the expression of genes involved in inflammatory responses. Signaling pathways via TLR4 activate various transcription factors like Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer (NF-κB), activator protein 1 (AP1), Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription family of transcription factors (STAT1) and Interferon regulatory factors (IRF's), which are the key players regulating the inflammatory response. Inhibition of these targets and their upstream signaling molecules provides a potential therapeutic approach to treat inflammatory diseases. Here we review the therapeutic targets involved in TLR-4 signaling pathways that are critical for suppressing chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Roy
- Center for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore, MP, India
| | - Mansi Srivastava
- Center for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore, MP, India
| | - Uzma Saqib
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, MP, India
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Center for Inflammation & Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Syed M Faisal
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Subi Sugathan
- Center for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore, MP, India
| | - Suman Bishnoi
- Center for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore, MP, India
| | - Mirza S Baig
- Center for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore, MP, India.
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29
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Howard JC, Florentinus-Mefailoski A, Bowden P, Trimble W, Grinstein S, Marshall JG. OxLDL receptor chromatography from live human U937 cells identifies SYK(L) that regulates phagocytosis of oxLDL. Anal Biochem 2016; 513:7-20. [PMID: 27510553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The binding and activation of macrophages by microscopic aggregates of oxLDL in the intima of the arteries may be an important step towards atherosclerosis leading to heart attack and stroke. Microbeads coated with oxLDL were used to activate, capture and isolate the oxLDL receptor complex from the surface of live cells. Analysis of the resulting tryptic peptides by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry revealed the Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK), and many of SYK's known interaction network including Fc receptors (FCGR2A, FCER1G and FCGR1A) Toll receptor 4 (TLR4), receptor kinases like EGFRs, as well as RNA binding and metabolism proteins. High-intensity precursor ions (∼9*E3 to 2*E5 counts) were correlated to peptides and specific phosphopeptides from long isoform of SYK (SYK-L) by the SEQUEST, OMSSA and X!TANDEM algorithms. Peptides or phosphopeptides from SYK were observed with the oxLDL-microbeads. Pharmacological inhibitors of SYK activity significantly reduced the engulfment of oxLDL microbeads in the presence of serum factors, but had little effect on IgG phagocytosis. Anti SYK siRNA regulated oxLD engulfment in the context of serum factors and or SYK-L siRNA significantly inhibited engulfment of oxLDL microbeads, but not IgG microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Howard
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | | | - Peter Bowden
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - William Trimble
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - John G Marshall
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
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30
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Lindau A, Härdtner C, Hergeth SP, Blanz KD, Dufner B, Hoppe N, Anto-Michel N, Kornemann J, Zou J, Gerhardt LMS, Heidt T, Willecke F, Geis S, Stachon P, Wolf D, Libby P, Swirski FK, Robbins CS, McPheat W, Hawley S, Braddock M, Gilsbach R, Hein L, von zur Mühlen C, Bode C, Zirlik A, Hilgendorf I. Atheroprotection through SYK inhibition fails in established disease when local macrophage proliferation dominates lesion progression. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:20. [PMID: 26891724 PMCID: PMC4759214 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages in the arterial intima sustain chronic inflammation during atherogenesis. Under hypercholesterolemic conditions murine Ly6Chigh monocytes surge in the blood and spleen, infiltrate nascent atherosclerotic plaques, and differentiate into macrophages that proliferate locally as disease progresses. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) may participate in downstream signaling of various receptors that mediate these processes. We tested the effect of the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib on hypercholesterolemia-associated myelopoiesis and plaque formation in Apoe−/− mice during early and established atherosclerosis. Mice consuming a high cholesterol diet supplemented with fostamatinib for 8 weeks developed less atherosclerosis. Histologic and flow cytometric analysis of aortic tissue showed that fostamatinib reduced the content of Ly6Chigh monocytes and macrophages. SYK inhibition limited Ly6Chigh monocytosis through interference with GM-CSF/IL-3 stimulated myelopoiesis, attenuated cell adhesion to the intimal surface, and blocked M-CSF stimulated monocyte to macrophage differentiation. In Apoe−/− mice with established atherosclerosis, however, fostamatinib treatment did not limit macrophage accumulation or lesion progression despite a significant reduction in blood monocyte counts, as lesional macrophages continued to proliferate. Thus, inhibition of hypercholesterolemia-associated monocytosis, monocyte infiltration, and differentiation by SYK antagonism attenuates early atherogenesis but not established disease when local macrophage proliferation dominates lesion progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lindau
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Härdtner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sonja P Hergeth
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kelly Daryll Blanz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bianca Dufner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Hoppe
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nathaly Anto-Michel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Kornemann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jiadai Zou
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Louisa M S Gerhardt
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timo Heidt
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Willecke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Serjosha Geis
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Shaun Hawley
- AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
| | | | - Ralf Gilsbach
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Hein
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Constantin von zur Mühlen
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Nai W, Threapleton D, Lu J, Zhang K, Wu H, Fu Y, Wang Y, Ou Z, Shan L, Ding Y, Yu Y, Dai M. Identification of novel genes and pathways in carotid atheroma using integrated bioinformatic methods. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18764. [PMID: 26742467 PMCID: PMC4705461 DOI: 10.1038/srep18764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular events and its molecular mechanism urgently needs to be clarified. In our study, atheromatous plaques (ATH) and macroscopically intact tissue (MIT) sampled from 32 patients were compared and an integrated series of bioinformatic microarray analyses were used to identify altered genes and pathways. Our work showed 816 genes were differentially expressed between ATH and MIT, including 443 that were up-regulated and 373 that were down-regulated in ATH tissues. GO functional-enrichment analysis for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that genes related to the "immune response" and "muscle contraction" were altered in ATHs. KEGG pathway-enrichment analysis showed that up-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in the "FcεRI-mediated signaling pathway", while down-regulated genes were significantly enriched in the "transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway". Protein-protein interaction network and module analysis demonstrated that VAV1, SYK, LYN and PTPN6 may play critical roles in the network. Additionally, similar observations were seen in a validation study where SYK, LYN and PTPN6 were markedly elevated in ATH. All in all, identification of these genes and pathways not only provides new insights into the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but may also aid in the development of prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers for advanced atheroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Nai
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Diane Threapleton
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingbo Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, People's hospital of Henan province, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Hongyuan Wu
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - You Fu
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zejin Ou
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Lanlan Shan
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
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32
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Kotla S, Rao GN. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mediate p300-dependent STAT1 Protein Interaction with Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR)-γ in CD36 Protein Expression and Foam Cell Formation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:30306-20. [PMID: 26504087 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.686865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have demonstrated that 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetranoic acid (15(S)-HETE) induces CD36 expression involving STAT1. Many studies have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ mediates CD36 expression. Therefore, we asked the question whether these transcriptional factors interact with each other in the regulation of CD36 expression by 15(S)-HETE. Here, we show that STAT1 interacts with PPARγ in the induction of CD36 expression and foam cell formation by 15(S)-HETE. In addition, using molecular biological approaches such as EMSA, supershift EMSA, ChIP, re-ChIP, and promoter-reporter gene assays, we demonstrate that the STAT1 and PPARγ complex binds to the STAT-binding site at -107 nucleotides in the CD36 promoter and enhances its activity. Furthermore, the interaction of STAT1 with PPARγ depends on STAT1 acetylation, which is mediated by p300. In addition, our findings show that reactive oxygen species-dependent Syk and Pyk2 stimulation is required for p300 tyrosine phosphorylation and activation. Together, these results demonstrate that an interaction between STAT1, p300, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ is required for 15(S)-HETE-induced CD36 expression, oxidized low density lipoprotein uptake, and foam cell formation, critical events underlying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivareddy Kotla
- From the Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- From the Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
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33
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Medina I, Cougoule C, Drechsler M, Bermudez B, Koenen RR, Sluimer J, Wolfs I, Döring Y, Herias V, Gijbels M, Bot I, de Jager S, Weber C, Cleutjens J, van Berkel TJ, Sikkink KJ, Mócsai A, Maridonneau-Parini I, Soehnlein O, Biessen EA. Hck/Fgr Kinase Deficiency Reduces Plaque Growth and Stability by Blunting Monocyte Recruitment and Intraplaque Motility. Circulation 2015; 132:490-501. [PMID: 26068045 PMCID: PMC4535360 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.012316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte migration is critical for the infiltration of monocytes and accumulation of monocyte-derived macrophages in inflammation. Considering that Hck and Fgr are instrumental in this process, their impact on atherosclerosis and on lesion inflammation and stability was evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Hematopoietic Hck/Fgr-deficient, LDLr(-/-) chimeras, obtained by bone marrow transplantation, had smaller but, paradoxically, less stable lesions with reduced macrophage content, overt cap thinning, and necrotic core expansion as the most prominent features. Despite a Ly6C(high)-skewed proinflammatory monocyte phenotype, Hck/Fgr deficiency led to disrupted adhesion of myeloid cells to and transmigration across endothelial monolayers in vitro and atherosclerotic plaques in vivo, as assessed by intravital microscopy, flow cytometry, and histological examination of atherosclerotic arteries. Moreover, Hck/Fgr-deficient macrophages showed blunted podosome formation and mesenchymal migration capacity. In consequence, transmigrated double-knockout macrophages were seen to accumulate in the fibrous cap, potentially promoting its focal erosion, as observed for double-knockout chimeras. CONCLUSIONS The hematopoietic deficiency of Hck and Fgr led to attenuated atherosclerotic plaque formation by abrogating endothelial adhesion and transmigration; paradoxically, it also promoted plaque instability by causing monocyte subset imbalance and subendothelial accumulation, raising a note of caution regarding src kinase-targeted intervention in plaque inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Surface Extensions/ultrastructure
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/physiology
- Endothelial Cells
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Leukocyte Rolling
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Monocytes/pathology
- Phagocytosis
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/enzymology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/deficiency
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/physiology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck/deficiency
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck/physiology
- Radiation Chimera
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/physiology
- Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration
- src-Family Kinases/deficiency
- src-Family Kinases/genetics
- src-Family Kinases/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Medina
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Céline Cougoule
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maik Drechsler
- Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Beatriz Bermudez
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rory R. Koenen
- Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Sluimer
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ine Wolfs
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Veronica Herias
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon Gijbels
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilze Bot
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia de Jager
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Jack Cleutjens
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Theo J.C. van Berkel
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kees-Jan Sikkink
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Orbis Hospital Sittard, The Netherlands
| | - Atilla Mócsai
- Department of Physiology; Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik A.L. Biessen
- Experimental Vascular Pathology group, Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Draber P, Halova I, Polakovicova I, Kawakami T. Signal transduction and chemotaxis in mast cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 778:11-23. [PMID: 25941081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Along with basophils, mast cells are essential effector cells for allergic inflammation that causes asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy and atopic dermatitis. Mast cells are usually increased in inflammatory sites of allergy and, upon activation, release various chemical, lipid, peptide and protein mediators of allergic reactions. Since antigen/immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated activation of these cells is a central event to trigger allergic reactions, innumerable studies have been conducted on how these cells are activated through cross-linking of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). Development of mature mast cells from their progenitor cells is under the influence of several growth factors, of which the stem cell factor (SCF) seems to be the most important. Therefore, how SCF induces mast cell development and activation via its receptor, KIT, has been studied extensively, including a cross-talk between KIT and FcεRI signaling pathways. Although our understanding of the signaling mechanisms of the FcεRI and KIT pathways is far from complete, pharmaceutical applications of the knowledge about these pathways are underway. This review will focus on recent progresses in FcεRI and KIT signaling and chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Draber
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Halova
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Polakovicova
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Laboratory for Allergic Disease, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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35
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Ryu J, Woo J, Shin J, Ryoo H, Kim Y, Lee C. Profile of differential promoter activity by nucleotide substitution at GWAS signals for multiple sclerosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2014; 93:e281. [PMID: 25526461 PMCID: PMC4603103 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This experimental study was conducted with completely randomized design. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed a large number of genetic associations of nucleotide sequence variants with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS). Nevertheless, studies to identify the functional relevance of these variants lag far behind identification of the GWAS signals. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) analysis and promoter activity analysis with the variants filtered by GWAS were conducted to identify their functional alleles and haplotypes. The promoter activity was assayed with reporter constructs containing variants at 8 MS GWAS signals resulted from 18 GWAS. The promoter activity differed by alternative sequence variants at upstream regions of the CYP24A1, CYP27B1, SYK, RAD21L1, PVR, ODF3B, and RGS14 genes (P<0.05). The transcriptional regulations of sequence variants were also found by identifications of eQTLs for their corresponding genes with lymphoblastoid cells in the current study (SYK, ODF3B, RGS14, and PVR, P<8.33×10⁻³) and with dendritic cells in a previous study (CYP27B1, P=1.84×10⁻⁶). This study identified regulatory nucleotide sequences in the promoters of the CYP24A1, CYP27B1, SYK, RAD21L1, PVR, ODF3B, and RGS14 genes, and their variants differentially affected gene expression. This might result in their associations with MS susceptibility in previous GWAS. Further functional studies are required to understand the process of transcriptional regulation of the variants identified in the current study and the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Ryu
- From the School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, 511 Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-743, Korea
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36
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Kotla S, Singh NK, Traylor JG, Orr AW, Rao GN. ROS-dependent Syk and Pyk2-mediated STAT1 activation is required for 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid-induced CD36 expression and foam cell formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 76:147-62. [PMID: 25152235 PMCID: PMC4253592 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
15(S)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE), the major 15-lipoxygenase 1/2 (15-LO1/2) metabolite of arachidonic acid (AA), induces CD36 expression through xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production and Syk and Pyk2-dependent STAT1 activation. In line with these observations, 15(S)-HETE also induced foam cell formation involving ROS, Syk, Pyk2, and STAT1-mediated CD36 expression. In addition, peritoneal macrophages from Western diet-fed ApoE(-/-) mice exhibited elevated levels of xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activities, ROS production, Syk, Pyk2, and STAT1 phosphorylation, and CD36 expression compared to those from ApoE(-/-):12/15-LO(-/-) mice and these events correlated with increased lipid deposits, macrophage content, and lesion progression in the aortic roots. Human atherosclerotic arteries also showed increased 15-LO1 expression, STAT1 phosphorylation, and CD36 levels as compared to normal arteries. Together, these findings suggest that 12/15-LO metabolites of AA, particularly 12/15(S)-HETE, might play a crucial role in atherogenesis by enhancing foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 894 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Nikhlesh K Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 894 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - James G Traylor
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, 1501 King׳s Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - A Wayne Orr
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, 1501 King׳s Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 894 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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37
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Wang Z, Guo D, Yang B, Wang J, Wang R, Wang X, Zhang Q. Integrated analysis of microarray data of atherosclerotic plaques: modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110288. [PMID: 25333956 PMCID: PMC4201353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a typical complex multi-factorial disease and many molecules at different levels and pathways were involved in its development. Some studies have investigated the dysregulation in atherosclerosis at mRNA, miRNA or DNA methylation level, respectively. However, to our knowledge, the studies that integrated these data and revealed the abnormal networks of atherosclerosis have not been reported. Using microarray technology, we analyzed the omics data in atherosclerosis at mRNA, miRNA and DNA methylation levels. Our results demonstrated that the global DNA methylation and expression of miRNA/mRNA were significantly decreased in atherosclerotic plaque than in normal vascular tissue. The interaction network constructed using the integrative data revealed many genes, cellular processes and signaling pathways which were widely considered to play crucial roles in atherosclerosis and also revealed some genes, miRNAs or signaling pathways which have not been investigated in atherosclerosis until now (e.g. miR-519d and SNTB2). Moreover, the overall protein ubiquitination in atherosclerotic plaque was significantly increased. The proteasome activity was increased early but decreased in advanced atherosclerosis. Our study revealed many classic and novel genes and miRNAs involved in atherosclerosis and indicated the effects of ubiquitin-proteasome system on atherosclerosis might be closely related to the course of atherosclerosis. However, the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of atherosclerosis still needs more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical School of Liaocheng, Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Chinese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Chinese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Chinese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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38
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Platt AM, Benson RA, McQueenie R, Butcher JP, Braddock M, Brewer JM, McInnes IB, Garside P. The active metabolite of spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor fostamatinib abrogates the CD4+ T cell-priming capacity of dendritic cells. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 54:169-77. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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39
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Geahlen RL. Getting Syk: spleen tyrosine kinase as a therapeutic target. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:414-22. [PMID: 24975478 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase well known for its ability to couple immune cell receptors to intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular responses to extracellular antigens and antigen-immunoglobulin (Ig) complexes of particular importance to the initiation of inflammatory responses. Thus, Syk is an attractive target for therapeutic kinase inhibitors designed to ameliorate the symptoms and consequences of acute and chronic inflammation. Its more recently recognized role as a promoter of cell survival in numerous cancer cell types ranging from leukemia to retinoblastoma has attracted considerable interest as a target for a new generation of anticancer drugs. This review discusses the biological processes in which Syk participates that have made this kinase such a compelling drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Geahlen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, 210 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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40
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Lukasik M, Owecki MK. Efficacy of Antiplatelet Treatment in Stroke Prevention: Past, Present, and Future. Drug Dev Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lukasik
- Department of Neurology; Poznan University of Medical Sciences; Poznan; Poland
| | - Michal K. Owecki
- Department of Neurology; Poznan University of Medical Sciences; Poznan; Poland
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41
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Kinase inhibitors: A new tool for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Immunol 2013; 148:66-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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42
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Hilgendorf I, Swirski FK. Making a difference: monocyte heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2013; 14:450-9. [PMID: 22847772 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-012-0274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are frequently described as bone marrow-derived precursors of macrophages. Although many studies support this view, we now appreciate that monocytes neither develop exclusively in the bone marrow nor give rise to all macrophages and dendritic cells. In addition to differentiating to specific leukocyte populations, monocytes, as monocytes, are functionally and ontogenically heterogeneous. In this review we will focus on the development and activity of monocytes and their subsets in mice (Ly-6 C(high/low)) and humans (CD14(+/dim/-) CD16(+/-)) in the context of atherosclerosis and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Hilgendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge St., Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Miller YI, Choi SH, Wiesner P, Bae YS. The SYK side of TLR4: signalling mechanisms in response to LPS and minimally oxidized LDL. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 167:990-9. [PMID: 22776094 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is the best known for its involvement in immune receptor signalling, mediated by binding of SYK tandem Src-homology 2 domains to tandem phosphotyrosine in immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). ITAM adaptors or ITAM-containing receptor tails mediate signalling from B- and T-cell receptors, Fc receptors and many C-type lectins, including dectin-1. Recent data point to constitutive binding of SYK to the cytoplasmic domain of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4). This SYK-TLR4 binding increases upon TLR4 dimerization and phosphorylation, and SYK plays a prominent role in TLR4 signalling in response to LPS in neutrophils and monocytes. SYK also plays an important role in TLR4-mediated macrophage responses to minimally oxidized low-density lipoprotein (mmLDL), which is a form of oxidized LDL relevant to development of human atherosclerosis. Interestingly, mmLDL-induced effects in macrophages, which occur via TLR4, are predominantly MyD88 independent. This unmasks the role of the SYK branch of TLR4 signalling, which mediates modest cytokine release via activation of AP-1 transcription and robust reactive oxygen species generation and cytoskeletal rearrangements. The latter results in extensive membrane ruffling and macropinocytosis, leading to lipoprotein uptake and foam cell formation, a hallmark of atherosclerotic lesions. Because inhibitors of SYK activity, such as fostamatinib, are in advanced clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases, understanding the role of SYK in signalling via TLR4 is of immediate importance. This signalling pathway seems to be particularly important in TLR4 activation by host-derived, damage-associated molecular pattern ligands, such as mmLDL, relevant to development of atherosclerosis and other chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury I Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Aviram M. Atherosclerosis: cell biology and lipoproteins - paraoxonases protect against atherosclerosis and diabetes development. Curr Opin Lipidol 2012; 23:169-71. [PMID: 22418576 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e3283513594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Choi SH, Wiesner P, Almazan F, Kim J, Miller YI. Spleen tyrosine kinase regulates AP-1 dependent transcriptional response to minimally oxidized LDL. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32378. [PMID: 22384232 PMCID: PMC3284564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) turns it into an endogenous ligand recognized by pattern-recognition receptors. We have demonstrated that minimally oxidized LDL (mmLDL) binds to CD14 and mediates TLR4/MD-2-dependent responses in macrophages, many of which are MyD88-independent. We have also demonstrated that the mmLDL activation leads to recruitment of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) to TLR4 and TLR4 and Syk phosphorylation. In this study, we produced a macrophage-specific Syk knockout mouse and used primary Syk(-/-) macrophages in our studies. We demonstrated that Syk mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK, which in turn phosphorylated c-Fos and c-Jun, respectively, as assessed by an in vitro kinase assay. c-Jun phosphorylation was also mediated by IKKε. c-Jun and c-Fos bound to consensus DNA sites and thereby completed an AP-1 transcriptional complex and induced expression of CXCL2 and IL-6. These results suggest that Syk plays a key role in TLR4-mediated macrophage responses to host-generated ligands, like mmLDL, with subsequent activation of an AP-1 transcription program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yury I. Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Singh R, Masuda ES, Payan DG. Discovery and development of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3614-43. [PMID: 22257213 DOI: 10.1021/jm201271b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Singh
- Rigel, Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
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Activation of spleen tyrosine kinase is required for TNF-α-induced endothelin-1 upregulation in human aortic endothelial cells. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:818-26. [PMID: 22321643 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) promotes atherosclerosis. We tested whether spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) mediates tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced ET-1 upregulation in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and sought to identify the signal pathways involved. TNF-α-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) activated Syk and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), which was required for the activation of AP-1 and subsequent ET-1 gene transcription. ROS mediated c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) is also required for AP-1 activation, but Syk and PI3K regulated AP-1 activation independently of JNK. Through regulation of ET-1 production, Syk could be implicated in atherosclerosis.
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Abstract
Three classes of inhibitors of platelet aggregation have demonstrated substantial clinical benfits. Aspirin acts by irreversibly inhibiting COX-1 and therefore blocking the synthesis of proaggregatory thromboxane A (2) (TxA(2)). The indirect acting (ticlopidine, clopidogrel, prasugrel) and the direct acting (ticagrelor) antagonists of P2Y(12) block the thrombus stabilizing activity of ADP. Parenteral GP IIb-IIIa inhibitors directly block platelet-platelet interactions. Despite well-established benefits, all antiplatelet agents have important limitations: increased bleeding and gastrointestinal toxicities (aspirin), high incidence of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ticlopidine), potentially nonresponders (clopidogrel), severe bleeding (prasugrel, GP IIb-IIIa antagonists) and "complicated" relationships with aspirin ticagrelor). In this chapter, we present the genetic and pharmacological evidence that supports the development and expectations associated with novel antiplatelet strategies directed at intrasignaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Andre
- Portola Pharmaceuticals Inc, 270 E. Grand Avenue, Suite 22 South, San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease represents a major source of extra-articular comorbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A combination of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and RA-related factors accounts for the excess risk in RA. Among RA-related factors, chronic systemic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis. A growing body of evidence--mainly derived from observational databases and registries--suggests that specific RA therapies, including methotrexate and anti-TNF biologic agents, can reduce the risk of future cardiovascular events in patients with RA. The cardiovascular profile of other biologic therapies for the treatment of RA has not been adequately studied, including of investigational drugs that improve systemic inflammation but alter traditional cardiovascular risk factors. In the absence of large clinical trials adequately powered to detect differences in cardiovascular events between biologic drugs in RA, deriving firm conclusions on cardiovascular safety is challenging. Nevertheless, observational research using large registries has emerged as a promising approach to study the cardiovascular risk of emerging RA biologic therapies.
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