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Zhang L, Feng Q, Kong W. ECM Microenvironment in Vascular Homeostasis: New Targets for Atherosclerosis. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:0. [PMID: 38984789 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00028.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) components, interactions, and mechanical properties influence both the formation and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. This review discusses the contribution of the ECM microenvironment in vascular homeostasis and remodeling in atherosclerosis, highlighting Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and its degrading enzyme ADAMTS7 as examples, and proposes potential avenues for future research aimed at identifying novel therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis based on the ECM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Fu Y, Zhou Y, Wang K, Li Z, Kong W. Extracellular Matrix Interactome in Modulating Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling. Circ Res 2024; 134:931-949. [PMID: 38547250 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The ECM (extracellular matrix) is a major component of the vascular microenvironment that modulates vascular homeostasis. ECM proteins include collagens, elastin, noncollagen glycoproteins, and proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans. ECM proteins form complex matrix structures, such as the basal lamina and collagen and elastin fibers, through direct interactions or lysyl oxidase-mediated cross-linking. Moreover, ECM proteins directly interact with cell surface receptors or extracellular secreted molecules, exerting matricellular and matricrine modulation, respectively. In addition, extracellular proteases degrade or cleave matrix proteins, thereby contributing to ECM turnover. These interactions constitute the ECM interactome network, which is essential for maintaining vascular homeostasis and preventing pathological vascular remodeling. The current review mainly focuses on endogenous matrix proteins in blood vessels and discusses the interaction of these matrix proteins with other ECM proteins, cell surface receptors, cytokines, complement and coagulation factors, and their potential roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis and preventing pathological remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics (Y.Z.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuofan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Zhang F, Li K, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Chang F, Du J, Zhang X, Bao K, Zhang C, Shi L, Liu Z, Dai X, Chen C, Wang DW, Xian Z, Jiang H, Ai D. Ganglioside GM3 Protects Against Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Suppressing Ferroptosis. Circulation 2024; 149:843-859. [PMID: 38018467 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening vascular condition, but approved medical therapies to prevent AAA progression and rupture are currently lacking. Sphingolipid metabolism disorders are associated with the occurrence and development of AAA. It has been discovered that ganglioside GM3, a sialic acid-containing type of glycosphingolipid, plays a protective role in atherosclerosis, which is an important risk factor for AAA; however, the potential contribution of GM3 to AAA development has not been investigated. METHODS We performed a metabolomics study to evaluated GM3 level in plasma of human patients with AAA. We profiled GM3 synthase (ST3GAL5) expression in the mouse model of aneurysm and human AAA tissues through Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RNA sequencing, affinity purification and mass spectrometry, proteomic analysis, surface plasmon resonance analysis, and functional studies were used to dissect the molecular mechanism of GM3-regulating ferroptosis. We conditionally deleted and overexpressed St3gal5 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vivo to investigate its role in AAA. RESULTS We found significantly reduced plasma levels of GM3 in human patients with AAA. GM3 content and ST3GAL5 expression were decreased in abdominal aortic vascular SMCs in patients with AAA and an AAA mouse model. RNA sequencing analysis showed that ST3GAL5 silencing in human aortic SMCs induced ferroptosis. We showed that GM3 interacted directly with the extracellular domain of TFR1 (transferrin receptor 1), a cell membrane protein critical for cellular iron uptake, and disrupted its interaction with holo-transferrin. SMC-specific St3gal5 knockout exacerbated iron accumulation at lesion sites and significantly promoted AAA development in mice, whereas GM3 supplementation suppressed lipid peroxidation, reduced iron deposition in aortic vascular SMCs, and markedly decreased AAA incidence. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that GM3 dysregulation promotes ferroptosis of vascular SMCs in AAA. Furthermore, GM3 may constitute a new therapeutic target for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, China (F.Z., D.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
| | - Kan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
| | - Ziyan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
| | - Fangyuan Chang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (J.D.)
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China (J.D.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, Beijing, China (J.D.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, China (J.D.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
| | - Kaiwen Bao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (K.B., C.Z., L.S.), Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Chunyong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (K.B., C.Z., L.S.), Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (K.B., C.Z., L.S.), Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Zongwei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (Z.L., X.D.)
| | - Xiangchen Dai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (Z.L., X.D.)
| | - Chen Chen
- Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China (C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China (C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Zhong Xian
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.X., H.J.)
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.X., H.J.)
| | - Ding Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, China (F.Z., D.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (F.Z., K.L., W.Z., Z.Z., F.C., J.D., X.Z., D.A.)
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Pan H, Lu X, Ye D, Feng Y, Wan J, Ye J. The molecular mechanism of thrombospondin family members in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1337586. [PMID: 38516004 PMCID: PMC10954798 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1337586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have been identified as vital factors in global morbidity and mortality in recent years. The available evidence suggests that various cytokines and pathological proteins participate in these complicated and changeable diseases. The thrombospondin (TSP) family is a series of conserved, multidomain calcium-binding glycoproteins that cause cell-matrix and cell-cell effects via interactions with other extracellular matrix components and cell surface receptors. The TSP family has five members that can be divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) based on their different structures. TSP-1, TSP-2, and TSP-4 are the most studied proteins. Among recent studies and findings, we investigated the functions of several family members, especially TSP-5. We review the basic concepts of TSPs and summarize the relevant molecular mechanisms and cell interactions in the cardiovascular system. Targeting TSPs in CVD and other diseases has a remarkable therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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Huang A, Xu T, Lu X, Ma L, Ma H, Yu Y, Yao L. Shh-Gli2-Runx2 inhibits vascular calcification. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024; 39:305-316. [PMID: 37451818 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), vascular calcification (VC) is common and is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Shh, one ligand for Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, participates in osteogenesis and several cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear whether Shh is implicated in the development of VC. METHODS Inorganic phosphorus 2.6 mM was used to induce vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification. Mice were fed with adenine diet supplement with 1.2% phosphorus to induce VC. RESULTS Shh was decreased in VSMCs exposed to inorganic phosphorus, calcified arteries in mice fed with an adenine diet, as well as radial arteries from patients with CKD presenting VC. Overexpression of Shh inhibited VSMCs ostosteoblastic differentiation and calcification, whereas its silencing accelerated these processes. Likewise, mice treated with smoothened agonist (SAG; Hh signaling agonist) showed alleviated VC, and mice treated with cyclopamine (CPN; Hh signaling antagonist) exhibited severe VC. Additionally, overexpression of Gli2 significantly reversed the pro-calcification effect of Shh silencing on VSMCs, suggesting that Shh inhibited VC via Gli2. Mechanistically, Gli2 interacted with Runx2 and promoted its ubiquitin proteasomal degradation, therefore protecting against VC. Of interest, the pro-degradation effect of Gli2 on Runx2 was independent of Smurf1 and Cullin4B. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided deeper insight to the pathogenesis of VC, and Shh might be a novel potential target for VC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoran Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianhua Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiying Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Shenyang Engineering Technology R&D Center of Cell Therapy Co. Ltd, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ping L, Zhi-Ming L, Bi-Shan Z, Lei Z, Bo Y, Yi-Chun Z, Ming-Jie W. S-propargyl-cysteine promotes the stability of atherosclerotic plaque via maintaining vascular muscle contractile phenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1291170. [PMID: 38328305 PMCID: PMC10847265 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1291170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plaque rupture in atherosclerosis contributes to various acute cardiovascular events. As a new sulfide-containing donor, S-propargyl-cysteine (SPRC) has been reported to play a beneficial role in cardioprotection, potentially through its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-atherogenic activities. Our previous study observed an increase in eNOS phosphorylation in endothelial cells. However, it remains unclear whether SPRC influences vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) within the plaque and if this effect contributes to plaque stabilization. Methods: An atherosclerotic unstable plaque mouse model was established by subjecting ApoE-/- mice to tandem stenosis of the right carotid artery along with a Western diet. Daily SPRC administration was conducted for 13 weeks. Plaque morphology and stability were assessed using MRI scanning and histopathological staining. In our in vitro studies, we stimulated human artery vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMCs) with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), both with and without 100 μM SPRC treatment. Cell phenotype was assessed using both Western blot and Real-time PCR. Cell proliferation was assessed using the BrdU cell proliferation kit and immunofluorescence of Ki-67, while cell migration was measured using scratch wound healing and transwell assay. MiR-143-3p overexpression and knockdown experiments were used to investigate whether it mediates the effect of SPRC on VSMC phenotype. Results and Discussion: SPRC treatment reduced plasma lipid levels, increased collagen content and decreased cell apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaques, indicating improved plaque stability. Both in vivo and in vitro studies elucidated the role of SPRC in preserving the contractile phenotype of VSMCs through up-regulation of miR-143-3p expression. Furthermore, SPRC suppressed the pro-proliferation and pro-migration effects of PDGF-BB on HAVSMCs. Overall, these findings suggest that the inhibitory effect of SPRC on phenotype switch from contractile to synthetic VSMCs may contribute to its beneficial role in enhancing plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhi-Ming
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Bi-Shan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Lei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Bo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Yi-Chun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Ming-Jie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Novais EJ, Narayanan R, Canseco JA, van de Wetering K, Kepler CK, Hilibrand AS, Vaccaro AR, Risbud MV. A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification-from bench to bedside. Bone Res 2024; 12:3. [PMID: 38253615 PMCID: PMC10803356 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck pain. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis, ectopic calcification, herniation, or mixed phenotypes. Amongst these phenotypes, disc calcification is the least studied. Ectopic calcification, by definition, is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues, widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature, skin, and cartilage. Clinically, disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative treatment. It is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics: hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation; TNAP, ENPP1, and ANK upregulation; cell death; altered Pi and PPi homeostasis; and local inflammation. Recent studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this phenotype. It is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF, NP, and EP compartments. Moreover, the combination of anatomic location, genetics, and environmental stressors, such as aging or trauma, govern the predisposition to calcification. Lastly, the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis, along with disc cell death and differentiation status. While there is limited understanding of this phenotype, understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel J Novais
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano, Orthopedic Department, Santiago do Cacém, Portugal
| | - Rajkishen Narayanan
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jose A Canseco
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Koen van de Wetering
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher K Kepler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan S Hilibrand
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Shrestha SK, Kim SW, Soh Y. Kalkitoxin attenuates calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells via RUNX-2 signaling pathways. J Vet Sci 2023; 24:e69. [PMID: 38031648 PMCID: PMC10556282 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kalkitoxin (KT) is an active lipopeptide isolated from the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula found in the bed of the coral reef. Although KT suppresses cell division and inflammation, KT's mechanism of action in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is unidentified. Therefore, our main aim was to investigate the impact of KT on vascular calcification for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES Using diverse calcification media, we studied the effect of KT on VSMC calcification and the underlying mechanism of this effect. METHODS VSMC was isolated from the 6 weeks ICR mice. Then VSMCs were treated with different concentrations of KT to check the cell viability. Alizarin red and von Kossa staining were carried out to examine the calcium deposition on VSMC. Thoracic aorta of 6 weeks mice were taken and treated with different concentrations of KT, and H and E staining was performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to examine KT's effect on VSMC mineralization. Calcium deposition on VSMC was examined with a calcium deposition quantification kit. RESULTS Calcium deposition, Alizarin red, and von Kossa staining revealed that KT reduced inorganic phosphate-induced calcification phenotypes. KT also reduced Ca++-induced calcification by inhibiting genes that regulate osteoblast differentiation, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), SMAD family member 4, osterix, collagen 1α, and osteopontin. Also, KT repressed Ca2+-induced bone morphogenetic protein 2, RUNX-2, collagen 1α, osteoprotegerin, and smooth muscle actin protein expression. Likewise, Alizarin red and von Kossa staining showed that KT markedly decreased the calcification of ex vivo ring formation in the mouse thoracic aorta. CONCLUSIONS This experiment demonstrated that KT decreases vascular calcification and may be developed as a new therapeutic treatment for vascular calcification and arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj K Shrestha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Se-Woong Kim
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Yunjo Soh
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
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9
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Pervaiz N, Kathuria I, Aithabathula RV, Singla B. Matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development. Matrix Biol 2023; 120:1-23. [PMID: 37086928 PMCID: PMC10225360 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network composed of various multi-domain macromolecules like collagen, proteoglycans, and fibronectin, etc., that form a structurally stable composite, contributing to the mechanical properties of tissue. However, matricellular proteins are non-structural, secretory extracellular matrix proteins, which modulate various cellular functions via interacting with cell surface receptors, proteases, hormones, and cell-matrix. They play essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, and several signal transduction pathways. Matricellular proteins display a broad functionality regulated by their multiple structural domains and their ability to interact with different extracellular substrates and/or cell surface receptors. The expression of these proteins is low in adults, however, gets upregulated following injuries, inflammation, and during tumor growth. The marked elevation in the expression of these proteins during atherosclerosis suggests a positive association between their expression and atherosclerotic lesion formation. The role of matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development has remained an area of research interest in the last two decades and studies revealed these proteins as important players in governing vascular function, remodeling, and plaque formation. Despite extensive research, many aspects of the matrix protein biology in atherosclerosis are still unknown and future studies are required to investigate whether targeting pathways stimulated by these proteins represent viable therapeutic approaches for patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases. This review summarizes the characteristics of distinct matricellular proteins, discusses the available literature on the involvement of matrix proteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and suggests new avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ishita Kathuria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ravi Varma Aithabathula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Bhupesh Singla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
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10
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Ma Z, Mao C, Chen X, Yang S, Qiu Z, Yu B, Jia Y, Wu C, Wang Y, Wang Y, Gu R, Yu F, Yin Y, Wang X, Xu Q, Liu C, Liao Y, Zheng J, Fu Y, Kong W. Peptide Vaccine Against ADAMTS-7 Ameliorates Atherosclerosis and Postinjury Neointima Hyperplasia. Circulation 2023; 147:728-742. [PMID: 36562301 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metalloprotease ADAMTS-7 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 7) is a novel locus associated with human coronary atherosclerosis. ADAMTS-7 deletion protects against atherosclerosis and vascular restenosis in rodents. METHODS We designed 3 potential vaccines consisting of distinct B cell epitopic peptides derived from ADAMTS-7 and conjugated with the carrier protein KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) as well as aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant. Arterial ligation or wire injury was used to induce neointima in mice, whereas ApoE-/- and LDLR-/- (LDLR [low-density lipoprotein receptor]) mice fed a high-fat diet were applied to assess atherosclerosis. In addition, coronary stent implantation was performed on vaccine-immunized Bama miniature pigs, followed by optical coherence tomography to evaluate coronary intimal hyperplasia. RESULTS A vaccine, ATS7vac, was screened out from 3 candidates to effectively inhibit intimal thickening in murine carotid artery ligation models after vaccination. As well, immunization with ATS7vac alleviated neointima formation in murine wire injury models and mitigated atherosclerotic lesions in both hyperlipidemic ApoE-/- and LDLR-/- mice without lowering lipid levels. Preclinically, ATS7vac markedly impeded intimal hyperplasia in swine stented coronary arteries, but without significant immune-related organ injuries. Mechanistically, ATS7vac vaccination produced specific antibodies against ADAMTS-7, which markedly repressed ADAMTS-7-mediated COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) and TSP-1 (thrombospondin-1) degradation and subsequently inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell migration but promoted re-endothelialization. CONCLUSIONS ATS7vac is a novel atherosclerosis vaccine that also alleviates in-stent restenosis. The application of ATS7vac would be a complementary therapeutic avenue to the current lipid-lowering strategy for atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China (C.M.)
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biological Targeted Therapies, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.)
| | - Shiyu Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Qiu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biological Targeted Therapies, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.)
| | - Baoqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases (B.Y.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (B.Y.)
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China (C.W., J.Z.)
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biological Targeted Therapies, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.)
| | - Yuhui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education (Yuhui Wang), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Yin
- Department of Immunology (Y.Y.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (Y.Y.), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q.X.).,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (Q.X.)
| | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY (C.L.)
| | - Yuhua Liao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biological Targeted Therapies, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China (X.C., Z.Q., Yiyi Wang, Y.L.)
| | - Jingang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China (C.W., J.Z.)
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Z.M., C.M., S.Y., Y.J., R.G., F.Y., X.W., Y.F., W.K.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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11
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Spanou CES, Wohl AP, Doherr S, Correns A, Sonntag N, Lütke S, Mörgelin M, Imhof T, Gebauer JM, Baumann U, Grobe K, Koch M, Sengle G. Targeting of bone morphogenetic protein complexes to heparin/heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans in bioactive conformation. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22717. [PMID: 36563024 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200904r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are powerful regulators of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, the specific molecular requirements controlling the bioavailability of BMPs in the extracellular matrix (ECM) are not yet fully understood. Our previous work showed that BMPs are targeted to the ECM as growth factor-prodomain (GF-PD) complexes (CPLXs) via specific interactions of their PDs. We showed that BMP-7 PD binding to the extracellular microfibril component fibrillin-1 renders the CPLXs from an open, bioactive V-shape into a closed, latent ring shape. Here, we show that specific PD interactions with heparin/heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) allow to target and spatially concentrate BMP-7 and BMP-9 CPLXs in bioactive V-shape conformation. However, targeting to GAGs may be BMP specific, since BMP-10 GF and CPLX do not interact with heparin. Bioactivity assays on solid phase in combination with interaction studies showed that the BMP-7 PD protects the BMP-7 GF from inactivation by heparin. By using transmission electron microscopy, molecular docking, and site-directed mutagenesis, we determined the BMP-7 PD-binding site for heparin. Further, fine-mapping of the fibrillin-1-binding site within the BMP-7 PD and molecular modeling showed that both binding sites are mutually exclusive in the open V- versus closed ring-shape conformation. Together, our data suggest that targeting exquisite BMP PD-binding sites by extracellular protein and GAG scaffolds integrates BMP GF bioavailability in a contextual manner in development, postnatal life, and connective tissue disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chara E S Spanou
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander P Wohl
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Doherr
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annkatrin Correns
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niklas Sonntag
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Lütke
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Colzyx AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Imhof
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan M Gebauer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kay Grobe
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany
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12
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Wang S, Wang J, Cai D, Li X, Zhong L, He X, Lin Z, Lai Y, Zheng H, Zhou Y, Xiao Z, Liao W, Liao Y, Xiu J, Bin J. Reactive oxygen species-induced long intergenic noncoding RNA p21 accelerates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by promoting secretary smooth muscle cell phenotypes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 174:63-76. [PMID: 36436251 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Whether long noncoding RNAs participate in the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) through the regulation of SMC phenotypic switching is unknown. lincRNA-p21 induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is likely functionally associated with SMC phenotypic switching. We thus investigated the role of lincRNA-p21 in SMC phenotypic switching-associated AAA formation and its underlying mechanisms. An analysis of human and mouse abdominal aortic samples revealed that the lincRNA-p21 levels were significantly higher in AAA tissue. Stimulation with hydrogen peroxide upregulated the expression of lincRNA-p21 in a dose-dependent manner and converted SMCs from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic, proteolytic, and proinflammatory phenotype in vitro. Moreover, lincRNA-p21 promoted fracture of elastic fibres, reconstruction of the vascular wall, and AAA formation in vivo by modulating SMC phenotypic switching in two mouse models of AAA induced by angiotensin II or porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) perfusion. Using a bioinformatics prediction method and luciferase reporter gene assays, we further proved that lincRNA-p21 sponged miR-204-5p to release the transcriptional activity of Mekk3 and promoted the NF-κB pathway and thereby played a role in the SMC phenotypic switch and AAA formation. The ROS levels were positively correlated with the lincRNA-p21 levels in human and mouse AAA tissues. The knockdown of lincRNA-p21 in a PPE-induced mouse AAA model increased the miR-204-5p levels and reduced the expression of Mekk3, whereas lincRNA-p21 overexpression had the opposite effect. Collectively, the results indicated that ROS-induced lincRNA-p21 sponges miR-204-5p to accelerate synthetic and proinflammatory SMC phenotypes through the Mekk3/NF-κB pathway in AAA formation. Thus, lincRNA-p21 may have therapeutic potential for AAA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhong Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lintao Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 519000 Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Geriatrics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxian Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Chen Y, Mao C, Gu R, Zhao R, Li W, Ma Z, Jia Y, Yu F, Luo J, Fu Y, Sun J, Kong W. Nidogen-2 is a Novel Endogenous Ligand of LGR4 to Inhibit Vascular Calcification. Circ Res 2022; 131:1037-1054. [PMID: 36354004 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification is closely related to the all-cause mortality of cardiovascular events. Basement membrane protein nidogen-2 is a key component of the vascular extracellular matrix microenvironment and we recently found it is pivotal for the maintenance of contractile phenotype in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, whether nidogen-2 is involved in VSMCs osteochondrogenic transition and vascular calcification remains unclear. METHODS VSMCs was treated with high-phosphate to study VSMC calcification in vitro. Three different mice models (5/6 nephrectomy-induced chronic renal failure, cholecalciferol-overload, and periadventitially administered with CaCl2) were used to study vascular calcification in vivo. Membrane protein interactome, coimmunoprecipitation, flow cytometric binding assay, surface plasmon resonance, G protein signaling, VSMCs calcium assays were performed to clarify the phenotype and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Nidogen-2 protein levels were significantly reduced in calcified VSMCs and aortas from mice in different vascular calcification model. Nidogen-2 deficiency exacerbated high-phosphate-induced VSMC calcification, whereas the addition of purified nidogen-2 protein markedly alleviated VSMC calcification in vitro. Nidogen-2-/- mice exhibited aggravated aorta calcification compared to wild-type (WT) mice in response to 5/6 nephrectomy, cholecalciferol-overload, and CaCl2 administration. Further unbiased coimmunoprecipitation and interactome analysis of purified nidogen-2 and membrane protein in VSMCs revealed that nidogen-2 directly binds to LGR4 (leucine-rich repeat G-protein-coupled receptor 4) with KD value 26.77 nM. LGR4 deficiency in VSMCs in vitro or in vivo abolished the protective effect of nidogen-2 on vascular calcification. Of interest, nidogen-2 biased activated LGR4-Gαq-PKCα (protein kinase Cα)-AMPKα1 (AMP-activated protein kinase α1) signaling to counteract VSMCs osteogenic transition and mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Nidogen-2 is a novel endogenous ligand of LGR4 that biased activated Gαq- PKCα-AMPKα1 signaling and inhibited vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China (C.M.)
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China (C.M.)
| | - Rujia Zhao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China (R.Z., J.S.)
| | - Weihao Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China (W.L.)
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Jian Luo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China (J.L.)
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Jinpeng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China (R.Z., J.S.)
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
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14
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Upregulation of miR-664a-3p Ameliorates Calcific Aortic Valve Disease by Inhibiting the BMP2 Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2074356. [PMID: 36246570 PMCID: PMC9568341 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2074356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a complex process of ectopic calcification involving various factors that lead to aortic valve stenosis, hemodynamic changes, and, in severe cases, even sudden death. Currently, aortic valve replacement is the only effective method. The osteogenic differentiation of aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) is one of the key factors of valve calcification. Emerging evidence suggests that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can induce the proosteogenic activation of AVICs. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying this activation in AVICs is unclear. In the present study, we elucidated through high-throughput RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR that miR-664a-3p was evidently downregulated in the calcific aortic valve. We also proved that miR-664a-3p was involved in regulating osteogenic differentiation in AVICs. Target prediction analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that miR-664a-3p is preferentially bound to BMP2. Furthermore, the effect of the miR-664a-3p/BMP2 axis on osteogenic differentiation in AVICs was examined using the gain- and loss-of-function approach. Finally, we constructed a mouse CAVD model and verified the effect of the miR-664a-3p/BMP2 axis on the aortic valve calcification leaflets in vivo. In conclusion, miR-664a-3p regulates osteogenic differentiation in AVICs through negative regulation of BMP2, highlighting that miR-664a-3p may be a potential therapeutic target for CAVD.
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15
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Yu H, Alruwaili N, Kelly MR, Zhang B, Liu A, Wang Y, Sun D, Wolin MS. Endothelin-1 depletion of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein modulates pulmonary artery superoxide and iron metabolism-associated mitochondrial heme biosynthesis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L400-L409. [PMID: 35943724 PMCID: PMC9484992 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00534.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines if heme biosynthesis-associated iron metabolism is regulated in pulmonary arteries by endothelin-1 (ET1) potentially through modulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) availability. Our studies in organoid-cultured endothelium-rubbed bovine pulmonary arteries (BPAs) observed COMP depletion by siRNA or hypoxia increases NOX2 and superoxide and depletes mitochondrial SOD2. ET1 also increases superoxide in a manner that potentially impairs mitochondrial heme biosynthesis. In this study, organoid culture of BPA with ET1 (10 nM) increases superoxide in the mitochondrial matrix and extramitochondrial regions associated with COMP depletion, and COMP (0.5 μM) inhibited these superoxide increases. As mitochondrial matrix superoxide could impair heme biosynthesis from protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) by decreasing Fe2+ availability and/or ferrochelatase (FECH), we studied ET1, COMP, and COMP siRNA effects on the expression of FECH, transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1, an indicator of iron availability) and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC, a key heme-dependent protein), and on measurements of PpIX (HPLC) and heme content. ET1 decreased FECH, heme, and sGC, and increased TfR1 and iron. COMP reversed these effects of ET1, and COMP decreased PpIX and increased heme in the absence of ET1. COMP siRNA increased PpIX detection and TfR1 expression and decreased the expression of FECH and sGC. Nitric oxide (spermine NONOate) relaxation of BPA was inhibited by ET1, and this was attenuated by COMP during exposure to ET1. Thus, COMP depletion by ET1 or siRNA modulates pulmonary artery iron metabolism, which results in loss of heme biosynthesis and heme-dependent cGMP mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Melissa R Kelly
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijing Liu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yingqi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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16
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Qu H, Khalil RA. Role of ADAM and ADAMTS Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115266. [PMID: 36191626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Normal pregnancy (NP) involves intricate processes starting with egg fertilization, proceeding to embryo implantation, placentation and gestation, and culminating in parturition. These pregnancy-related processes require marked uteroplacental and vascular remodeling by proteolytic enzymes and metalloproteinases. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) are members of the zinc-dependent family of proteinases with highly conserved protein structure and sequence homology, which include a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin and cysteine-rich domain. In NP, ADAMs and ADAMTS regulate sperm-egg fusion, embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion, placental angiogenesis and spiral arteries remodeling through their ectodomain proteolysis of cell surface cytokines, cadherins and growth factors as well as their adhesion with integrins and cell-cell junction proteins. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by new-onset hypertension (HTN) in pregnancy (HTN-Preg) at or after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria. Insufficient trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall, inadequate expansive remodeling of the spiral arteries, reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure, and placental ischemia/hypoxia are major initiating events in the pathogenesis of PE. Placental ischemia/hypoxia increase the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to aberrant expression/activity of certain ADAMs and ADAMTS. In PE, abnormal expression/activity of specific ADAMs and ADAMTS that function as proteolytic sheddases could alter proangiogenic and growth factors, and promote the release of antiangiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines into the placenta and maternal circulation leading to generalized inflammation, endothelial cell injury and HTN-Preg, renal injury and proteinuria, and further decreases in uteroplacental blood flow, exaggeration of placental ischemia, and consequently fetal growth restriction. Identifying the role of ADAMs and ADAMTS in NP and PE has led to a better understanding of the underlying molecular and vascular pathways, and advanced the potential for novel biomarkers for prediction and early detection, and new approaches for the management of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Qu
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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17
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Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein, Diseases, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169253. [PMID: 36012514 PMCID: PMC9408827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that is critical for collagen assembly and ECM stability. Mutations of COMP cause endoplasmic reticulum stress and chondrocyte apoptosis, resulting in rare skeleton diseases. The bouquet-like structure of COMP allows it to act as a bridging molecule that regulates cellular phenotype and function. COMP is able to interact with many other ECM components and binds directly to a variety of cellular receptors and growth factors. The roles of COMP in other skeleton diseases, such as osteoarthritis, have been implied. As a well-established biochemical marker, COMP indicates cartilage turnover associated with destruction. Recent exciting achievements indicate its involvement in other diseases, such as malignancy, cardiovascular diseases, and tissue fibrosis. Here, we review the basic concepts of COMP and summarize its novel functions in the regulation of signaling events. These findings renew our understanding that COMP has a notable function in cell behavior and disease progression as a signaling regulator. Interestingly, COMP shows distinct functions in different diseases. Targeting COMP in malignancy may withdraw its beneficial effects on the vascular system and induce or aggravate cardiovascular diseases. COMP supplementation is a promising treatment for OA and aortic aneurysms while it may induce tissue fibrosis or cancer metastasis.
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18
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Li Z, Cong X, Kong W. Matricellular proteins: Potential biomarkers and mechanistic factors in aortic aneurysms. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 169:41-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Lan Z, Chen A, Li L, Ye Y, Liang Q, Dong Q, Wang S, Fu M, Li Y, Liu X, Zhu Z, Ou JS, Qiu X, Lu L, Yan J. Downregulation of HDAC9 by the ketone metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate suppresses vascular calcification. J Pathol 2022; 258:213-226. [PMID: 35894849 DOI: 10.1002/path.5992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an actively regulated process resembling bone formation and contributes to the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, effective therapy for vascular calcification is still lacking. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has been demonstrated to have health-promoting effects including anti-inflammation and cardiovascular protective effects. However, whether BHB protects against vascular calcification in CKD remains unclear. In this study, Alizarin Red staining and calcium content assay showed that BHB reduced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and arterial rings. Of note, compared with CKD patients without thoracic calcification, serum BHB levels were lower in CKD patients with thoracic calcification. Supplementation with 1,3-butanediol (1,3-B), the precursor of BHB, attenuated aortic calcification in CKD rats and VitD3-overloaded mice. Furthermore, RNA-Seq analysis revealed that BHB downregulated HDAC9, which was further confirmed by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Both pharmacological inhibition and knockdown of HDAC9 attenuated calcification of human VSMCs, while overexpression of HDAC9 exacerbated calcification of VSMCs and aortic rings, indicating that HDAC9 promotes vascular calcification under CKD conditions. Of note, BHB treatment antagonized HDAC9-induced vascular calcification. In addition, HDAC9 overexpression activated NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibition of NF-κB attenuated HDAC9-induced VSMC calcification, suggesting that HDAC9 promotes vascular calcification via activation of NF-κB. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that BHB supplementation inhibits vascular calcification in CKD via modulation of the HDAC9-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, we unveil a crucial mechanistic role of HDAC9 in vascular calcification under CKD conditions, thus nutritional intervention or pharmacological approaches to enhance BHB levels could act as promising therapeutic strategies to target HDAC9 for the treatment of vascular calcification in CKD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanzhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mingwei Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianyun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, PR China
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20
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Boneski PK, Madhu V, Tomlinson RE, Shapiro IM, van de Wetering K, Risbud MV. Abcc6 Null Mice-a Model for Mineralization Disorder PXE Shows Vertebral Osteopenia Without Enhanced Intervertebral Disc Calcification With Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:823249. [PMID: 35186933 PMCID: PMC8850990 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.823249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low back pain is a highly prevalent health condition intricately linked to intervertebral disc degeneration. One of the prominent features of disc degeneration that is commonly observed with aging is dystrophic calcification. ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 6 (ABCC6), a presumed ATP efflux transporter, is a key regulator of systemic levels of the mineralization inhibitor pyrophosphate (PPi). Mutations in ABCC6 result in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), a progressive human metabolic disorder characterized by mineralization of the skin and elastic tissues. The implications of ABCC6 loss-of-function on pathological mineralization of structures in the spine, however, are unknown. Using the Abcc6 -/- mouse model of PXE, we investigated age-dependent changes in the vertebral bone and intervertebral disc. Abcc6 -/- mice exhibited diminished trabecular bone quality parameters at 7 months, which remained significantly lower than the wild-type mice at 18 months of age. Abcc6 -/- vertebrae showed increased TRAP staining along with decreased TNAP staining, suggesting an enhanced bone resorption as well as decreased bone formation. Surprisingly, however, loss of ABCC6 resulted only in a mild, aging disc phenotype without evidence of dystrophic mineralization. Finally, we tested the utility of oral K3Citrate to treat the vertebral phenotype since it is shown to regulate hydroxyapatite mechanical behavior. The treatment resulted in inhibition of the osteoclastic response and an early improvement in mechanical properties of the bone underscoring the promise of potassium citrate as a therapeutic agent. Our data suggest that although ectopic mineralization is tightly regulated in the disc, loss of ABCC6 compromises vertebral bone quality and dysregulates osteoblast-osteoclast coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige K. Boneski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vedavathi Madhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan E. Tomlinson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Irving M. Shapiro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Koen van de Wetering
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Makarand V. Risbud
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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21
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Huang Y, Cui L, Yang H, Chen N, Guo H, Gan X, Wang R, Shi W, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Lv P. Lysozyme Improves the Inhibitory Effects of Panax notoginseng Saponins on Phenotype Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Binding to Ginsenoside Re. Front Nutr 2022; 8:795888. [PMID: 35004822 PMCID: PMC8733556 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.795888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) have been used to treat cardiovascular diseases for hundreds of years in China. Lysozyme can bind to exogenous compounds and promote their activity. Nevertheless, knowledge of whether there is a synergistic role between lysozyme and PNS is far from sufficient. In this study, we show that the mixture of PNS and lysozyme synergistically inhibited platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) viability, and in the five main components of PNS, GS-Re, but not GS-Rb1, NG-R1, GS-Rg1, or GS-Rd, reduced VSMC viability by combined application with lysozyme. Next, the supramolecular complexes formed by GS-Re and lysozyme were detected by mass spectrometry, and the binding ability increased with the concentration ratio of GS-Re to lysozyme from 4:1 to 12:1. In the supramolecular complexes, the relative contents of α-helix of lysozyme were increased, which was beneficial for stabilizing the structure of lysozyme. The 12:1 mixture of GS-Re and lysozyme (12.8 μmol/L GS-Re+1.067 μmol/L lysozyme) repressed PDGF-BB-induced VSMC viability, proliferation, and migration, which were associated with the upregulated differentiated markers and downregulated dedifferentiated markers. Finally, in CaCl2-induced rodent abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) models, we found that the 12:1 mixture of GS-Re and lysozyme slowed down AAA progression and reversed phenotype transformation of VSMCs. Thus, Gs-Re combined with a small amount of lysozyme may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular remodeling-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lijian Cui
- Experiment Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongchao Yang
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huishan Guo
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoruo Gan
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weiye Shi
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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22
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Wang H, Yuan Z, Wang B, Li B, Lv H, He J, Huang Y, Cui Z, Ma Q, Li T, Fu Y, Tan X, Liu Y, Wang S, Wang C, Kong W, Zhu Y. COMP (Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein), a Novel PIEZO1 Regulator That Controls Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2022; 79:549-561. [PMID: 34983194 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial cells are critical for maintaining blood pressure (BP) by releasing biologically active molecules, such as nitric oxide. A non-endothelial cell resident matricellular protein, COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein), plays a pivotal role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, but little is known about its regulatory effect on BP. METHODS Mice were infused with AngII (angiotensin II; 450 ng/kg per minute) for 3 days via an osmotic minipump, and BP was monitored by a tail-cuff system. Second-order mesenteric arteries were isolated from mice for microvascular tension measurement. Nitric oxide was detected by an electron paramagnetic resonance technique. Small-interfering RNA transfection, co-immunoprecipitation, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays, and patch-clamp electrophysiology experiments were used for further detailed mechanism investigation. RESULTS COMP-/- mice displayed elevated BP and impaired acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation compared with wild-type mice with or without AngII. Inhibition of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) abolished the difference in endothelium-dependent relaxation between wild-type and COMP-/- mice. Furthermore, COMP directly interacted with the C-terminus of Piezo1 via its C-terminus and activated the endogenous Piezo1 currents, which induced intracellular Ca2+ influx, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II and eNOS activation, and nitric oxide production. The Piezo1 activator, Yoda1, reduced the difference in endothelium-dependent relaxation and BP in wild-type and COMP-/- mice. Moreover, COMP overexpression increased eNOS activation and improved endothelium-dependent relaxation and BP. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that COMP is a novel Piezo1 regulator that plays a protective role in BP regulation by increasing cellular Ca2+ influx, eNOS activity, and nitric oxide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Ze Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Bianbian Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China (B.W.)
| | - Bochuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Huizhen Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.H., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Zhen Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Qiannan Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
| | - Ting Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (T.L., S.W.)
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.H., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, China (X.T., Y.L.)
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, China (X.T., Y.L.)
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (T.L., S.W.)
| | | | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.H., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (H.W., Z.Y., B.L., H.L., J.H., Z.C., Q.M., Y.Z.)
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23
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Forte-Gomez HF, Gioia R, Tonelli F, Kobbe B, Koch P, Bloch W, Paulsson M, Zaucke F, Forlino A, Wagener R. Structure, evolution and expression of zebrafish cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP, TSP5). CRISPR-Cas mutants show a dominant phenotype in myosepta. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1000662. [PMID: 36452329 PMCID: PMC9702538 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COMP (Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein), also named thrombospondin-5, is a member of the thrombospondin family of extracellular matrix proteins. It is of clinical relevance, as in humans mutations in COMP lead to chondrodysplasias. The gene encoding zebrafish Comp is located on chromosome 11 in synteny with its mammalian orthologs. Zebrafish Comp has a domain structure identical to that of tetrapod COMP and shares 74% sequence similarity with murine COMP. Zebrafish comp is expressed from 5 hours post fertilization (hpf) on, while the protein is first detectable in somites of 11 hpf embryos. During development and in adults comp is strongly expressed in myosepta, craniofacial tendon and ligaments, around ribs and vertebra, but not in its name-giving tissue cartilage. As in mammals, zebrafish Comp forms pentamers. It is easily extracted from 5 days post fertilization (dpf) whole zebrafish. The lack of Comp expression in zebrafish cartilage implies that its cartilage function evolved recently in tetrapods. The expression in tendon and myosepta may indicate a more fundamental function, as in evolutionary distant Drosophila muscle-specific adhesion to tendon cells requires thrombospondin. A sequence encoding a calcium binding motif within the first TSP type-3 repeat of zebrafish Comp was targeted by CRISPR-Cas. The heterozygous and homozygous mutant Comp zebrafish displayed a patchy irregular Comp staining in 3 dpf myosepta, indicating a dominant phenotype. Electron microscopy revealed that the endoplasmic reticulum of myosepta fibroblasts is not affected in homozygous fish. The disorganized extracellular matrix may indicate that this mutation rather interferes with extracellular matrix assembly, similar to what is seen in a subgroup of chondrodysplasia patients. The early expression and easy detection of mutant Comp in zebrafish points to the potential of using the zebrafish model for large scale screening of small molecules that can improve secretion or function of disease-associated COMP mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Gioia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Birgit Kobbe
- Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Koch
- Department of Pharmacology, University Clinic Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mats Paulsson
- Center for Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Raimund Wagener,
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24
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Yang L, Dai R, Wu H, Cai Z, Xie N, Zhang X, Shen Y, Gong Z, Jia Y, Yu F, Zhao Y, Lin P, Ye C, Hu Y, Fu Y, Xu Q, Li Z, Kong W. Unspliced XBP1 Counteracts β-catenin to Inhibit Vascular Calcification. Circ Res 2021; 130:213-229. [PMID: 34870453 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Vascular calcification is a prevalent complication in chronic kidney disease and contributes to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. XBP1 (X-box binding protein 1), existing as the unspliced (XBP1u) and spliced (XBP1s) forms, is a key component of the endoplasmic reticulum stress involved in vascular diseases. However, whether XBP1u participates in the development of vascular calcification remains unclear. Methods: We aim to investigate the role of XBP1u in vascular calcification.XBP1u protein levels were reduced in high phosphate (Pi)-induced calcified vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), calcified aortas from mice with adenine diet-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) and calcified radial arteries from CRF patients. Results: Inhibition of XBP1u rather than XBP1s upregulated in the expression of the osteogenic markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and msh homeobox2 (Msx2), and exacerbated high Pi-induced VSMC calcification, as verified by calcium deposition and Alizarin red S staining. In contrast, XBP1u overexpression in high Pi-induced VSMCs significantly inhibited osteogenic differentiation and calcification. Consistently, SMC-specific XBP1 deficiency in mice markedly aggravated the adenine diet- and 5/6 nephrectomy-induced vascular calcification compared with that in the control littermates. Further interactome analysis revealed that XBP1u bound directly to β-catenin, a key regulator of vascular calcification, via aa 205-230 in its C-terminal degradation domain. XBP1u interacted with β-catenin to promote its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation and thus inhibited β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF)-mediated Runx2 and Msx2 transcription. Knockdown of β-catenin abolished the effect of XBP1u deficiency on VSMC calcification, suggesting a β-catenin-mediated mechanism. Moreover, the degradation of β-catenin promoted by XBP1u was independent of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β)-involved destruction complex. Conclusions: Our study identified XBP1u as a novel endogenous inhibitor of vascular calcification by counteracting β-catenin and promoting its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation, which represents a new regulatory pathway of β-catenin and a promising target for vascular calcification treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Rongbo Dai
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Hao Wu
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Zeyu Cai
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Nan Xie
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Yicong Shen
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Ze Gong
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Yiting Jia
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Fang Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Ying Zhao
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Pinglan Lin
- Nephrology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, CHINA
| | - Chaoyang Ye
- Nephrology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, CHINA
| | - Yanhua Hu
- Cardiology, Zhejiang University, CHINA
| | - Yi Fu
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiology, Zhejing University, CHINA
| | - Zhiqing Li
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
| | - Wei Kong
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, CHINA
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25
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Andrés Sastre E, Zaucke F, Witte-Bouma J, van Osch GJ, Farrell E. Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein-Derived Peptides Secreted by Cartilage Do Not Induce Responses Commonly Observed during Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2021; 13:1229S-1236S. [PMID: 32993314 PMCID: PMC8721606 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520961170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if 3 peptides derived from the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), which wounded zones of cartilage secrete into synovial fluid, possess biological activity and might therefore be involved in the regulation of specific aspects of joint regeneration. METHODS The 3 peptides were produced by chemical synthesis and then tested in vitro for known functions of the COMP C-terminal domain from which they derive, and which are involved in osteoarthritis: transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, vascular homeostasis, and inflammation. Results. None of the peptides affected the gene expression of COMP in osteochondral progenitor cells (P > 0.05). We observed no effects on the vascularization potential of endothelial cells (P > 0.05). In cultured synovium explants, no differences on the expression of catabolic enzymes or proinflammatory cytokines were found when peptides were added (P > 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The 3 peptides tested do not regulate TGF-β signaling, angiogenesis and vascular tube formation, or synovial inflammation in vitro and therefore most likely do not play a major role in the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Andrés Sastre
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the
Netherlands
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf Schwiete Research Unit
for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim,
Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janneke Witte-Bouma
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the
Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J.V.M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics and
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center,
Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Farrell
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the
Netherlands
- Eric Farrell, Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center
Rotterdam, nl Ee1618b, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, 3000 CA, the
Netherlands.
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26
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Halper J. Basic Components of Connective Tissues and Extracellular Matrix: Fibronectin, Fibrinogen, Laminin, Elastin, Fibrillins, Fibulins, Matrilins, Tenascins and Thrombospondins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1348:105-126. [PMID: 34807416 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-80614-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and many types of soft tissues. Elastin is another major component of certain soft tissues, such as arterial walls and ligaments. It is an insoluble polymer of the monomeric soluble precursor tropoelastin, and the main component of elastic fibers in matrix tissue where it provides elastic recoil and resilience to a variety of connective tissues, e.g., aorta and ligaments. Elastic fibers regulate activity of transforming growth factors β (TGFβ) through their association with fibrillin microfibrils. Elastin also plays a role in cell adhesion, cell migration, and has the ability to participate in cell signaling. Mutations in the elastin gene lead to cutis laxa. Many other molecules, though lower in quantity, function as essential, structural and/or functional components of the extracellular matrix in soft tissues. Some of these are reviewed in this chapter. Besides their basic structure, biochemistry and physiology, their roles in disorders of soft tissues are discussed only briefly as most chapters in this volume deal with relevant individual compounds. Fibronectin with its multidomain structure plays a role of "master organizer" in matrix assembly as it forms a bridge between cell surface receptors, e.g., integrins, and compounds such collagen, proteoglycans and other focal adhesion molecules. It also plays an essential role in the assembly of fibrillin-1 into a structured network. Though the primary role of fibrinogen is in clot formation, after conversion to fibrin by thrombin it also binds to a variety of compounds, particularly to various growth factors, and as such, fibrinogen is a player in cardiovascular and extracellular matrix physiology. Laminins contribute to the structure of the ECM and modulate cellular functions such as adhesion, differentiation, migration, stability of phenotype, and resistance towards apoptosis. Fibrillins represent the predominant core of microfibrils in elastic as well as non-elastic extracellular matrixes, and interact closely with tropoelastin and integrins. Not only do microfibrils provide structural integrity of specific organ systems, but they also provide basis for elastogenesis in elastic tissues. Fibrillin is important for the assembly of elastin into elastic fibers. Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene are closely associated with Marfan syndrome. Latent TGFβ binding proteins (LTBPs) are included here as their structure is similar to fibrillins. Several categories of ECM components described after fibrillins are sub-classified as matricellular proteins, i.e., they are secreted into ECM, but do not provide structure. Rather they interact with cell membrane receptors, collagens, proteases, hormones and growth factors, communicating and directing cell-ECM traffic. Fibulins are tightly connected with basement membranes, elastic fibers and other components of extracellular matrix and participate in formation of elastic fibers. Matrilins have been emerging as a new group of supporting actors, and their role in connective tissue physiology and pathophysiology has not been fully characterized. Tenascins are ECM polymorphic glycoproteins found in many connective tissues in the body. Their expression is regulated by mechanical stress both during development and in adulthood. Tenascins mediate both inflammatory and fibrotic processes to enable effective tissue repair and play roles in pathogenesis of Ehlers-Danlos, heart disease, and regeneration and recovery of musculo-tendinous tissue. One of the roles of thrombospondin 1 is activation of TGFβ. Increased expression of thrombospondin and TGFβ activity was observed in fibrotic skin disorders such as keloids and scleroderma. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) or thrombospondin-5 is primarily present in the cartilage. High levels of COMP are present in fibrotic scars and systemic sclerosis of the skin, and in tendon, especially with physical activity, loading and post-injury. It plays a role in vascular wall remodeling and has been found in atherosclerotic plaques as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Halper
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Department of Basic Sciences, AU/UGA Medical Partnership, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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27
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Forbes T, Pauza AG, Adams JC. In the balance: how do thrombospondins contribute to the cellular pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C826-C845. [PMID: 34495764 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00251.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Thrombospondins (TSPs) are multidomain, secreted proteins that associate with cell surfaces and extracellular matrix. In mammals, there is a large body of data on functional roles of various TSP family members in cardiovascular disease (CVD), including stroke, cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and aortic aneurysms. Coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TSP1 or TSP4 are also associated with increased risk of several forms of CVD. Whereas interactions and functional effects of TSPs on a variety of cell types have been studied extensively, the molecular and cellular basis for the differential effects of the SNPs remains under investigation. Here, we provide an integrative review on TSPs, their roles in CVD and cardiovascular cell physiology, and known properties and mechanisms of TSP SNPs relevant to CVD. In considering recent expansions to knowledge of the fundamental cellular roles and mechanisms of TSPs, as well as the effects of wild-type and variant TSPs on cells of the cardiovascular system, we aim to highlight knowledge gaps and areas for future research or of translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Forbes
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Audrys G Pauza
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine C Adams
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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28
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Chen DD, Hu WP, Xie L, Xiang GL, Wu QH, Qu JM, Li SQ, Guan LH, Liu D. Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein is decreased in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a potential protective factor. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:0271678X20978861. [PMID: 34603688 PMCID: PMC8481745 DOI: 10.1177/20458940211031111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was a protective factor in the cardiovascular system. Previous studies showed that hypoxia led to decreased COMP in rat models of pulmonary hypertension. However, the expression pattern of COMP in the pulmonary hypertension population was unclear. A total of 35 patients newly diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension and 70 controls were enrolled in the study. Circulating COMP concentrations of serum samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were analyzed the association with multiple clinical variables. Serum COMP concentrations in the pulmonary hypertension group were significantly declined in comparison with age- and sex-matched normal controls, especially in the female subgroup. No significant difference of COMP concentrations was observed in the etiological classification, heart function classification, and risk stratification. Major hemodynamic parameters, six-minute walk distance, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, and short-term prognosis were not statistically associated with COMP. However, some echocardiography parameters, like tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and mean right atrial pressure, were found the negative relation to COMP concentrations. In conclusion, serum COMP levels were decreased in the patients with pulmonary hypertension, which was in accordance with its known biological effects. Its association with long-term prognosis was worth further exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ping Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Ling Xiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Han Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Ming Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-Qun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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29
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He L, Xu J, Bai Y, Zhang H, Zhou W, Cheng M, Zhang D, Zhang L, Zhang S. MicroRNA-103a regulates the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting runt-related transcription factor 2 in high phosphorus conditions. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1036. [PMID: 34373722 PMCID: PMC8343701 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification, such as atherosclerosis, is a serious complication of chronic kidney disease that is characterized by tunica media calcification, and has gained increasing attention from researchers. The commonly observed association between vascular calcification and osteoporosis suggests a link between bone and vascular disorders. As microRNAs (miRNAs) have a wide range of gene regulation functions, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, stress and transdifferentiation, the current study aimed to determine whether miRNAs play a vital role in the calcification and osteoblastic differentiation of rat thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Gene expression analysis was performed on seven miRNAs (miR-29a, -30b, -103a, -125b, -133a, -143 and -211) that maybe potentially involved in the differentiation of smooth muscle cells into osteoblastic cells. The results showed that the levels of miR-29a, -30b, -103a, -125b and -143 were markedly reduced in the VSMC calcification model, particularly miR-103a, whereas runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression was increased. Furthermore, it was found that the expression of RUNX2 was significantly decreased following the upregulation of miR-103a, and that the expression of RUNX2 was significantly increased by downregulating miR-103a in VSMCs. Therefore, it was concluded that miR-103a plays a notable role in the transdifferentiation of the VSMCs in high phosphorus-induced calcification by targeting the regulation of RUNX2, and may therefore constitute a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jinsheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yaling Bai
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Meijuan Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shenglei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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30
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Mao C, Ma Z, Jia Y, Li W, Xie N, Zhao G, Ma B, Yu F, Sun J, Zhou Y, Cui Q, Fu Y, Kong W. Nidogen-2 Maintains the Contractile Phenotype of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Prevents Neointima Formation via Bridging Jagged1-Notch3 Signaling. Circulation 2021; 144:1244-1261. [PMID: 34315224 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.053361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: How the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment modulates the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and confers vascular homeostasis remains elusive. Methods: To explore the key ECM proteins in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs, we applied protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis to explore novel ECM proteins associated with the VSMC phenotype. By combining in vitro and in vivo genetic mice vascular injury model, we identified nidogen-2, a basement membrane (BM) glycoprotein, as a key ECM protein for maintenance of vascular smooth muscle cell identity. Results: We collected a VSMC phenotype-related gene dataset (VSMCPRG dataset) by using Gene Ontology (GO) annotation combined with a literature search. A computational analysis of protein-protein interactions between ECM protein genes and the genes from the VSMCPRG dataset revealed the candidate gene nidogen-2, a BM glycoprotein involved in regulation of the VSMC phenotype. Indeed, nidogen-2-deficient VSMCs exhibited loss of contractile phenotype in vitro, and compared with wild-type (WT) mice, nidogen-2-/- mice showed aggravated post-wire injury neointima formation of carotid arteries. Further bioinformatics analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assays and luciferase assays revealed that nidogen-2 specifically interacted with Jagged1, a conventional Notch ligand. Nidogen-2 maintained the VSMC contractile phenotype via Jagged1-Notch3 signaling but not Notch1 or Notch2 signaling. Notably, nidogen-2 enhanced Jagged1 and Notch3 interaction and subsequent Notch3 activation. Reciprocally, Jagged1 and Notch3 interaction, signaling activation, and Jagged1-triggered VSMC differentiation were significantly repressed in nidogen-2-deficient VSMCs. In accordance, the suppressive effect of Jagged1 overexpression on neointima formation was attenuated in nidogen-2-/- mice compared to wild-type mice. Conclusions: Nidogen-2 maintains the contractile phenotype of VSMCs through Jagged1-Notch3 signaling in vitro and in vivo. Nidogen-2 is required for Jagged1-Notch3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Guizhen Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Baihui Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jinpeng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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31
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Controlling BMP growth factor bioavailability: The extracellular matrix as multi skilled platform. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110071. [PMID: 34217834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily of signaling ligands which comprise a family of pluripotent cytokines regulating a multitude of cellular events. Although BMPs were originally discovered as potent factors extractable from bone matrix that are capable to induce ectopic bone formation in soft tissues, their mode of action has been mostly studied as soluble ligands in absence of the physiologically relevant cellular microenvironment. This micro milieu is defined by supramolecular networks of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that specifically target BMP ligands, present them to their cellular receptors, and allow their controlled release. Here we focus on functional interactions and mechanisms that were described to control BMP bioavailability in a spatio-temporal manner within the respective tissue context. Structural disturbance of the ECM architecture due to mutations in ECM proteins leads to dysregulated BMP signaling as underlying cause for connective tissue disease pathways. We will provide an overview about current mechanistic concepts of how aberrant BMP signaling drives connective tissue destruction in inherited and chronic diseases.
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32
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Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein is an endogenous β-arrestin-2-selective allosteric modulator of AT1 receptor counteracting vascular injury. Cell Res 2021; 31:773-790. [PMID: 33510386 PMCID: PMC8249609 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-00464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence has revealed that biased activation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, including angiotensin II (AngII) receptor type 1 (AT1) signaling, plays pivotal roles in vascular homeostasis and injury, but whether a clinically relevant endogenous biased antagonism of AT1 signaling exists under physiological and pathophysiological conditions has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we show that an extracellular matrix protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), acts as an endogenous allosteric biased modulator of the AT1 receptor and its deficiency is clinically associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. COMP directly interacts with the extracellular N-terminus of the AT1 via its EGF domain and inhibits AT1-β-arrestin-2 signaling, but not Gq or Gi signaling, in a selective manner through allosteric regulation of AT1 intracellular conformational states. COMP deficiency results in activation of AT1a-β-arrestin-2 signaling and subsequent exclusive AAA formation in response to AngII infusion. AAAs in COMP-/- or ApoE-/- mice are rescued by AT1a or β-arrestin-2 deficiency, or the application of a peptidomimetic mimicking the AT1-binding motif of COMP. Explorations of the endogenous biased antagonism of AT1 receptor or other GPCRs may reveal novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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33
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Wei X, Su Y, Li Q, Zheng Z, Hou P. Analysis of crucial genes, pathways and construction of the molecular regulatory networks in vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:589. [PMID: 33850561 PMCID: PMC8027762 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) accompanies the trans-differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into osteo/chondrocyte-like cells and resembles physiological bone mineralization. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying VC initiation and progression have remained largely elusive. The aim of the present study was to identify the genes and pathways common to VSMC and osteoblast calcification and construct a regulatory network of non-coding RNAs and transcription factors (TFs). To this end, the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset GSE37558 including mRNA microarray data of calcifying VSMCs (CVSMCs) and calcifying osteoblasts (COs) was analyzed. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and functionally annotated and the microRNA (miRNA/mRNA)-mRNA, TF-miRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-TF regulatory networks were constructed. A total of 318 DEGs were identified in the CVSMCs relative to the non-calcified VSMCs, of which 43 were shared with the COs. The CVSMC-related DEGs were mainly enriched in the functional terms cell cycle, extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammation and chemotaxis-mediated signaling pathways, of which ECM was enriched by the DEGs for the COs as well. The protein-protein interaction network of CVSMCs consisted of 281 genes and 3,650 edges. There were 30 hub genes in this network, including maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), which potentially regulates the differentially expressed TF (DETF) forkhead box (FOX)M1 and is a potential target gene of Homo sapiens miR-485-3p and miR-181d. The TF-miRNA network included 251 TFs and 60 miRNAs, including 10 DETFs such as FOXO1 and snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAI2). Furthermore, the lncRNAs H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript (H19) and differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) were predicted as the upstream regulators of FOXO1 and SNAI2 in the lncRNA-TF regulatory network. DANCR, MELK and FOXM1 were downregulated, and H19, FOXO1 and SNAI2 were upregulated in the CVSMCs. Taken together, the CVSMCs and COs exhibited similar molecular changes in the ECM. In addition, the MELK-FOXM1, H19/DANCR-FOXO1 and SNAI2 regulatory pathways likely mediate VSMC calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Wei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Su
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Qiyi Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Peiyong Hou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
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Phadwal K, Vrahnas C, Ganley IG, MacRae VE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Cause or Consequence of Vascular Calcification? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:611922. [PMID: 33816463 PMCID: PMC8010668 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.611922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetics powerhouses and biosynthetic hubs within cells, which can generate and sequester toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-stimulated ROS production results in ATP depletion and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, leading to mitochondria dysfunction and cellular apoptosis. Mitochondrial loss of function is also a key driver in the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype that drives senescent cells into a pro-inflammatory state. Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for retaining the contractile phenotype of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the most prominent cells of the vasculature. Loss of this contractile phenotype is associated with the loss of mitochondrial function and a metabolic shift to glycolysis. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a direct role in vascular calcification and the underlying pathologies including (1) impairment of mitochondrial function by mineral dysregulation i.e., calcium and phosphate overload in patients with end-stage renal disease and (2) presence of increased ROS in patients with calcific aortic valve disease, atherosclerosis, type-II diabetes and chronic kidney disease. In this review, we discuss the cause and consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular calcification and underlying pathologies; the role of autophagy and mitophagy pathways in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction during vascular calcification and finally we discuss mitochondrial ROS, DRP1, and HIF-1 as potential novel markers and therapeutic targets for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Vrahnas
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky E. MacRae
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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COMP and TSP-4: Functional Roles in Articular Cartilage and Relevance in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052242. [PMID: 33668140 PMCID: PMC7956748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slow-progressing joint disease, leading to the degradation and remodeling of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). The usually quiescent chondrocytes become reactivated and accumulate in cell clusters, become hypertrophic, and intensively produce not only degrading enzymes, but also ECM proteins, like the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4). To date, the functional roles of these newly synthesized proteins in articular cartilage are still elusive. Therefore, we analyzed the involvement of both proteins in OA specific processes in in vitro studies, using porcine chondrocytes, isolated from femoral condyles. The effect of COMP and TSP-4 on chondrocyte migration was investigated in transwell assays and their potential to modulate the chondrocyte phenotype, protein synthesis and matrix formation by immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot. Our results demonstrate that COMP could attract chondrocytes and may contribute to a repopulation of damaged cartilage areas, while TSP-4 did not affect this process. In contrast, both proteins similarly promoted the synthesis and matrix formation of collagen II, IX, XII and proteoglycans, but inhibited that of collagen I and X, resulting in a stabilized chondrocyte phenotype. These data suggest that COMP and TSP-4 activate mechanisms to protect and repair the ECM in articular cartilage.
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Chen H, Wang J, Xie L, Shen YL, Wang HM, Zheng KL, Zhang Q. Correlation between serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and major adverse cardiovascular events within 30 days in patients with acute coronary syndrome. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:353. [PMID: 33708980 PMCID: PMC7944313 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background We studied the correlation between cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) within 30 days. Methods This study included 170 ACS patients who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from August 2017 to April 2019. Serum COMP level was measured at baseline. The enrolled patients were followed up for 30 days and grouped according to the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during follow-up. Among the 170 patients, 23 patients had MACE during hospitalization (MACE group), and 147 patients had no MACE (no MACE group). Results The serum COMP levels in the MACE group were significantly higher than those of the non-MACE group [84.85 (51.55, 141.75) vs. 20.65 (9.11, 46.31) ng/mL, respectively, P<0.05]. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for COMP in predicting the occurrence of MACE within 30 days was 0.839, with a cutoff level of 39.9 ng/mL [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.774–0.890], 86.96% sensitivity, and 72.79% specificity (P<0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum COMP could be used as an independent predictor of MACE within 30 days in ACS patients [odds ratio (OR): 1.024, 95% CI: 1.0133–1.0349, P=0.0001]. Conclusions Serum COMP is associated with the short-term prognosis of ACS patients. High serum COMP levels can be used as a predictor of MACE within 30 days in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ya-Li Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kou-Long Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Tran V, Karsai A, Fong MC, Cai W, Fraley JG, Yik JHN, Klineberg E, Haudenschild DR, Liu GY. Direct Visualization of the Binding of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 with Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein via High-Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9497-9504. [PMID: 33052673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the first direct observations of binding and complex formation between transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) using high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM). Each COMP molecule consists of pentamers whose five identical monomeric units bundle at N-termini. From this central point, the five monomers' flexible arms extend outward with C-terminal domains at the distal ends, forming a bouquet-like structure. In commonly used buffer solutions, TGF-β1 molecules typically form homodimers (majority), double dimers (minority), and aggregates (trace amount). Mixing TGF-β1 and COMP leads to rapid binding and complex formation. The TGF-β1/COMP complexes contain one to three COMP and multiple TGF-β1 molecules. For complexes with one COMP, the structure is more compact and less flexible than that of COMP alone. For complexes with two or more COMP molecules, the conformation varies to a large degree from one complex to another. This is attributed to the presence of double dimers or aggregates of TGF-β1 molecules, whose size and multiple binding sites enable binding to more than one COMP. The number and location of individual TGF-β1 dimers are also clearly visible in all complexes. This molecular-level information provides a new insight into the mechanism of chondrogenesis enhancement by TGF-β1/COMP complexes, i.e., simultaneous and multivalent presentation of growth factors. These presentations help explain the high efficacy in sustained activation of the signaling pathway to augment chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Arpad Karsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Michael C Fong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Weiliang Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - J Gabriel Fraley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Jasper H N Yik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Eric Klineberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Dominik R Haudenschild
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Gang-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein fine-tunes disturbed flow-induced endothelial activation and atherogenesis. Matrix Biol 2020; 95:32-51. [PMID: 33068727 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed flow leads to increased inflammatory responses of endothelial cells (ECs) prone to atherogenic state. Currently, little is known about the physiological mechanisms protecting vasculature against disturbed flow-activated ECs leading to atherosclerosis. Understanding the protective mediators involved in EC activation could provide novel therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis. The extracellular matrix microenvironment profoundly regulates cellular homeostasis. A non-EC resident ECM protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), has diverse protective roles in the cardiovascular system. To determine whether COMP could protect against disturbed flow-activated EC and atherosclerosis, we compared oscillatory shear stress (OSS) induced EC activation coated with various ECM proteins. Purified COMP inhibited EC activation caused by OSS. EC activation was upregulated in the aortic arch where the flow is disturbed in COMP-/- mice as compared with wild-type mice under physiological conditions or pathologically in partially ligated mouse carotid arteries. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation, mammalian two-hybrid and FRET assay results suggest that COMP bound directly to integrin α5 via its C-terminus. We next synthesized a COMP-derived peptidomimetics (CCPep24) mimicking a specific COMP-integrin α5 interaction and found that CCPep24 protected against EC activation and atherogenesis in vivo. This study extends our current understanding of how ECM and flow coordinately fine-tune EC homeostasis and reveals the potential therapeutic effect of COMP or COMP-derived peptidomimetics on blocking aberrant integrin α5 activation, inflammatory EC activation and atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
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Satz-Jacobowitz B, Hubmacher D. The quest for substrates and binding partners: A critical barrier for understanding the role of ADAMTS proteases in musculoskeletal development and disease. Dev Dyn 2020; 250:8-26. [PMID: 32875613 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted ADAMTS metalloproteases are involved in the sculpting, remodeling, and erosion of connective tissues throughout the body, including in the musculoskeletal system. ADAMTS proteases contribute to musculoskeletal development, pathological tissue destruction, and are mutated in congenital musculoskeletal disorders. Examples include versican cleavage by ADAMTS9 which is required for interdigital web regression during limb development, ADAMTS5-mediated aggrecan degradation in osteoarthritis resulting in joint erosion, and mutations in ADAMTS10 or ADAMTS17 that cause Weill-Marchesani syndrome, a short stature syndrome with bone, joint, muscle, cardiac, and eye involvement. Since the function of ADAMTS proteases and proteases in general is primarily defined by the molecular consequences of proteolysis of their respective substrates, it is paramount to identify all physiological substrates for each individual ADAMTS protease. Here, we review the current knowledge of ADAMTS proteases and their involvement in musculoskeletal development and disease, focusing on some of their known physiological substrates and the consequences of substrate cleavage. We further emphasize the critical need for the identification and validation of novel ADAMTS substrates and binding partners by describing the principles of mass spectrometry-based approaches and by emphasizing strategies that need to be considered for validating the physiological relevance for ADAMTS-mediated proteolysis of novel putative substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Satz-Jacobowitz
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Ryu J, Ahn Y, Kook H, Kim YK. The roles of non-coding RNAs in vascular calcification and opportunities as therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 218:107675. [PMID: 32910935 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is characterized by an accumulation of calcium phosphate crystals inside the vessel wall. VC is often associated with diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Even though the number of patients with VC remains prevalent, there are still no approved therapies for the treatment of VC. Since the pathogenesis of VC is diverse and involves multiple factors and mechanisms, it is critical to reveal the novel mechanisms involved in VC. Although protein-coding RNAs involved in VC have been extensively studied, the roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are not yet fully understood. The field of ncRNAs has recently received attention, and accumulating evidence from studies in VC suggests that ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play an important role in the regulation of VC. NcRNAs can modulate VC by acting as promoters or inhibitors and may be useful in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of VC. In this article, we review and discuss ncRNAs that regulate VC and present the therapeutic implications of these ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Ryu
- Basic Research Laboratory for Vascular Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Basic Research Laboratory for Vascular Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Basic Research Laboratory for Vascular Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kook Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory for Vascular Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Qian H, Wu B, You S, Wu S, Lu S, Wang P, Cao L, Zhang N, Sun Y. E3 Ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 family‑regulatory network in cardiovascular disease. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2727-2740. [PMID: 33110392 PMCID: PMC7586430 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.48437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination represents a critical modification occurring after translation. E3 ligase catalyzes the covalent binding of ubiquitin to the protein substrate, which could be degraded. Ubiquitination as an important protein post-translational modification is closely related to cardiovascular disease. The NEDD4 family, belonging to HECT class of E3 ubiquitin ligases can recognize different substrate proteins, including PTEN, ENaC, Nav1.5, SMAD2, PARP1, Septin4, ALK1, SERCA2a, TGFβR3 and so on, via the WW domain to catalyze ubiquitination, thus participating in multiple cardiovascular-related disease such as hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiotoxicity, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac remodeling, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension and heart valve disease. However, there is currently no review comprehensively clarifying the important role of NEDD4 family proteins in the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the present review summarized recent studies about NEDD4 family members in cardiovascular disease, providing novel insights into the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. In addition, assessing transgenic animals and performing gene silencing would further identify the ubiquitination targets of NEDD4. NEDD4 quantification in clinical samples would also constitute an important method for determining NEDD4 significance in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Boquan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shilong You
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Saien Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Pingyuan Wang
- Staff scientist, Center for Molecular Medicine National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, the United States
| | - Liu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education; Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University; Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Wang C, Chen Y, Xiang H, Wu X, Tang Q, Ma X, Zhang L. ADAMTS7 degrades Comp to fuel BMP2-dependent osteogenic differentiation and ameliorate oncogenic potential in osteosarcomas. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1856-1867. [PMID: 32692461 PMCID: PMC7459396 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, with a high metastatic potential. Despite dramatic changes in OS treatments over the past decades, their efficiency still remains limited, with severe complications and adverse side effects. Key mechanisms underlining tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance are currently lacking, in turn hindering any progress with respect to developing effective and safe therapeutic strategies against OS. Recently, ADAMTS7, a member of the disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family, was shown to be involved in osteogenic differentiation‐related pathological processes. ADAMTS7 promotes vascular calcification via disturbing the balance between osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2 (regulating osteogenic differentiation and bone formation during development) and its natural inhibitor cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (Comp). Hence, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of ADAMTS7 in the pathological process of OS. We first revealed that ADAMTS7 was decreased in OS tissues. Lower expression of ADAMTS7 was correlated with poor histological differentiation and an advanced clinical stage of OS. Through loss‐ and gain‐function analysis, we further revealed that ADAMTS7 attenuated cell proliferation, migration and invasion, at the same time as promoting the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers in two OS cell lines: MG63 and SAOS2. Moreover, Comp was responsible for the effects of ADAMTS7 on OS pathogenesis by reinforcing cell osteogenic differentiation mediated by BMP2 in vitro. In conclusion, ADAMTS7‐mediated degradation of Comp may provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
| | - Yunqing Chen
- Department of PathologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Medical GeneticsThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
- Medicine Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
| | - Xuexiao Ma
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Medical GeneticsThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
- Medicine Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityChina
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Zhang X, Chen J, Meng Q, Li D, Hu FZ, Zhu YQ, Huang YY, Liu YN, Sun L, Liang QH. The protective effects of long non-coding RNA-ANCR on arterial calcification. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:421-431. [PMID: 31974677 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-01076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arterial calcification is a major factor for cardiovascular events and is characterized by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) transformed into osteoblast-like cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) were recognized as important regulators of diverse biological processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs could regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs. LncRNA-ANCR (Anti-differentiation ncRNA) is an essential mediator governing the differentiation of human osteoblast. However, it is unclear whether ANCR could regulate the osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs. In this study, we determined the effect of ANCR on VSMCs differentiation and arterial calcification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Both cellular and mouse model of arterial calcification were, respectively, established to investigate the role of ANCR in the mechanism of arterial calcification. ANCR overexpressing lentivirus were used to investigate the effects of ANCR on the expression of bone proteins and autophagy-related molecules. RESULTS ANCR could inhibit β-glycerophosphate (β-GP)-induced VSMCs osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization due to decreased expressions of Runt-related transcription factor 2, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and formation of mineralized nodule, and attenuate high calcitriol-induced mice model of arterial calcification. Furthermore, ANCR could significantly increase LC3 and autophagy protein 5 expression in β-GP-stimulated VSMCs, and the effect could be inhibited by 3-methyladenine, a pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy. CONCLUSION ANCR may inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs and attenuate mice arterial calcification through activating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Zhi Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiu-Hua Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Ma Z, Mao C, Jia Y, Fu Y, Kong W. Extracellular matrix dynamics in vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C481-C499. [PMID: 32579472 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00147.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the adaptive response to various physiological and pathophysiological alterations that are closely related to aging and vascular diseases. Understanding the mechanistic regulation of vascular remodeling may be favorable for discovering potential therapeutic targets and strategies. The extracellular matrix (ECM), including matrix proteins and their degradative metalloproteases, serves as the main component of the microenvironment and exhibits dynamic changes during vascular remodeling. This process involves mainly the altered composition of matrix proteins, metalloprotease-mediated degradation, posttranslational modification of ECM proteins, and altered topographical features of the ECM. To date, adequate studies have demonstrated that ECM dynamics also play a critical role in vascular remodeling in various diseases. Here, we review these related studies, summarize how ECM dynamics control vascular remodeling, and further indicate potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the ECM for corresponding vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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The microRNA-34a-Induced Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) Favors Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124454. [PMID: 32585876 PMCID: PMC7352675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), characterized by the acquisition of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), is relevant for VSMCs osteoblastic differentiation and vascular calcification (VC). MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a driver of such phenomena and could play a role in vascular inflammaging. Herein, we analyzed the relationship between miR-34a and the prototypical SASP component IL6 in in vitro and in vivo models. miR-34a and IL6 levels increased and positively correlated in aortas of 21 months-old male C57BL/6J mice and in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) isolated from donors of different age and undergone senescence. Lentiviral overexpression of miR-34a in HASMCs enhanced IL6 secretion. HASMCs senescence and calcification accelerated after exposure to conditioned medium of miR-34a-overexpressing cells. Analysis of miR-34a-induced secretome revealed enhancement of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL6, pro-senescent growth factors and matrix-degrading molecules. Moreover, induction of aortas medial calcification and concomitant IL6 expression, with an overdose of vitamin D, was reduced in male C57BL/6J Mir34a-/- mice. Finally, a positive correlation was observed between circulating miR-34a and IL6 in healthy subjects of 20-90 years. Hence, the vascular age-associated miR-34a promotes VSMCs SASP activation and contributes to arterial inflammation and dysfunctions such as VC.
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Zhao W, Wang Y, Kong W, Zhao HD. Elevated serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and the metalloproteinase-ADAMTS7 levels are associated with vascular calcification in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Semin Dial 2020; 33:322-329. [PMID: 32441044 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification is common in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients. Recent studies showed that cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) could protect blood vessels from calcification, but the role of ADAMTS7 was opposite. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum COMP, ADAMTS7 levels and vascular calcification scores in HD patients. METHODS Serum COMP and ADAMTS7 levels were tested by ELISA and we compared calcification scores between high and low COMP groups, also between high and low ADAMTS7 groups. We also investigated the differences of serum COMP and ADAMTS7 levels between mild and severe vascular calcification groups. The relationship between serum COMP and ADAMTS7 levels was analyzed in the end. RESULTS Serum COMP and ADAMTS7 levels were both higher in HD patients than in control (29.63 vs 14.23 ng/mL, P = .002, 11.12 vs 2.40 ng/mL, P = .005). Serum COMP levels in severe vascular calcification (VC) group were higher than in mild VC (43.13 ± 28.77 vs 26.75 ± 18.22 ng/mL, P = .010). Serum ADAMTS7 levels were positively correlated with radial and digital arteries (small arteries) calcification scores (r = .249, P = .033). And serum COMP and ADAMTS7 levels were positively correlated (r = .348, P = .026). CONCLUSIONS Serum COMP and ADAMTS7 levels were probably associated with vascular calcification scores in HD respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Dan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
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Sapkota M, Shrestha SK, Yang M, Park YR, Soh Y. Aloe-emodin inhibits osteogenic differentiation and calcification of mouse vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172772. [PMID: 31697934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, and diabetes. However, viable therapeutic methods to target vascular calcification are limited. Aloe-emodin (AE), an anthraquinone is a natural compound found in the leaves of Aloe-vera. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of AE in the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and murine thoracic aorta. We demonstrate that AE repressed not only the phenotypes of Ca2+ induced calcification but also level of calcium in VSMCs. AE has no effect on cell viability in VSMC cells. Alizarin red, von Kossa stainings and calcium quantification showed that Ca2+ induced vascular calcification is significantly decreased by AE in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, AE attenuated Ca2+ induced calcification through inhibiting osteoblast differentiation genes such as SMAD4, collagen 1α, osteopontin (OPN), Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX-2) and Osterix. AE also suppressed Ca2+ induced osteoblast-related protein expression including collagen 1α, bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2), RUNX-2 and smooth muscle actin (SMA). Furthermore, Alizarin red, von Kossa stainings and calcium quantification showed that AE significantly inhibited the calcification of ex vivo ring formation in murine thoracic aorta, and markedly inhibited vitamin D3 induced medial aorta calcification in vivo. Taken together, our findings suggest that AE may have therapeutic potential for the prevention of vascular calcification program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Sapkota
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Saroj Kumar Shrestha
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ran Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjo Soh
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Yu H, Alruwaili N, Hu B, Kelly MR, Zhang B, Sun D, Wolin MS. Potential role of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the modulation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle superoxide by hypoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L569-L577. [PMID: 31389735 PMCID: PMC6879907 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00080.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in reactive oxygen species and extracellular matrix seem to participate in pulmonary hypertension development. Because we recently reported evidence for chronic hypoxia decreasing expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and evidence for this controlling loss of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 (BMPR2) and contractile phenotype proteins, we examined if changes in superoxide metabolism could be an important factor in a bovine pulmonary artery (BPA), organoid cultured under hypoxia for 48 h model. Hypoxia (3% O2) caused a depletion of COMP in BPA, but not in bovine coronary arteries. Knockdown of COMP by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) increased BPA levels of mitochondrial and extra-mitochondrial superoxide detected by MitoSOX and dihydroethidium (DHE) HPLC products. COMP siRNA-treated BPA showed reduced levels of SOD2 and SOD3 and increased levels of NADPH oxidases NOX2 and NOX4. Hypoxia increased BPA levels of MitoSOX-detected superoxide and caused changes in NOX2 and SOD2 expression similar to COMP siRNA, and exogenous COMP (0.5 μM) prevented the effects of hypoxia. In the presence of COMP, BMPR2 siRNA-treated BPA showed increases in superoxide detected by MitoSOX and depletion of SOD2. Superoxide scavengers (0.5 μM TEMPO or mitoTEMPO) maintained the expression of contractile phenotype proteins calponin and SM22α decreased by 48 h hypoxia (1% O2). Adenoviral delivery of BMPR2 to rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells prevented the depletion of calponin and SM22α by COMP siRNA. Thus, COMP regulation of BMPR2 appears to have an important role in controlling hypoxia-elicited changes in BPA superoxide and its potential regulation of contractile phenotype proteins.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II/genetics
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein/genetics
- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein/metabolism
- Cattle
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Heart/drug effects
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Lung/drug effects
- Lung/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 2/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 2/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 4/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism
- Oxygen/pharmacology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Superoxide Dismutase/genetics
- Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Tissue Culture Techniques
- Calponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Melissa R Kelly
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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Kassem MM, Helkin A, Maier KG, Gahtan V. Thrombospondins Differentially Regulate Proteins Involved in Arterial Remodeling. Physiol Res 2019; 68:893-900. [PMID: 31647293 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondins (TSPs) are matricellular glycoproteins expressed in response to vascular injury. TSP-1 and TSP-2 are promotors of arterial remodeling while TSP-5 is believed to be protective. The current study assessed the differential effect of TSPs on protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We hypothesized that TSP-1, TSP-2 and TSP-5 would regulate VSMC proteins involved in arterial remodeling. Human VSMCs were exposed to TSP-1, -2, -5 or serum free media (24 hours). Cell lysates were used to assess the targets TSP-1, TSP-2, TSP-5 and CD44), while the culture media was used to detect TGF-ß1, PDGF-BB, ANGPTL-4 and IL-8. Statistical analysis was performed by t-test and p< 0.05 was considered significant. All TSPs increased their own expression and TSP-5 increased TSP-2. TSP-1 and TSP-2 increased production of ANGPTL-4 and PDGF-BB, while TSP-5 only increased ANGPTL-4. TSP-1 increased exclusively TGF-ß1 and CD44 production. TSP-2 increased TSP-1 expression. All TSPs decreased IL-8. The findings suggest that TSP-1 and TSP-2 may promote vascular remodeling, in part, by increasing ANGPTL-4, PDGF-BB and their own expression. TSP-5 did not upregulate the inflammatory mediators TSP-1, PDGF-BB or TGF-ß1, but upregulated its own expression, which could be a protective mechanism against the response to vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Kassem
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Services, Syracuse, New York, USA.
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Xu F, Li FXZ, Lin X, Zhong JY, Wu F, Shan SK, Tan CM, Yuan LQ, Liao XB. Adipose tissue-derived omentin-1 attenuates arterial calcification via AMPK/Akt signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8760-8776. [PMID: 31659144 PMCID: PMC6834406 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived adipokines mediate various kind of crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs and thus regulate metabolism balance, inflammation state as well as disease progression. In particular, omentin-1, a newly found adipokine, has been reported to exhibit anti-calcification effects in vitro and in vivo. However, little is known about the function of endogenous adipose tissue-derived omentin-1 in arterial calcification and the detailed mechanism involved. Here, we demonstrated that global omentin-1 knockout (omentin-1-/-) resulted in more obvious arterial calcification in 5/6-nephrectomy plus high phosphate diet treated (5/6 NTP) mice while overexpression of omentin-1 attenuated attenuates osteoblastic differentiation and mineralisation of VSMCs in vitro and 5/6 NTP-induced mice arterial calcification in vivo. Moreover, we found that omentin-1 induced AMPK and Akt activation while inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt signaling reversed the anti-calcification effect induced by omentin-1 both in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that adipose tissue-derived omentin-1 serves as a potential therapeutic target for arterial calcification and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ming Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bo Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
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