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Lith SC, Evers TMJ, Freire BM, van Tiel CM, Vos WG, Mashaghi A, de Vries CJM. Nuclear receptor Nur77 regulates immunomechanics of macrophages. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151419. [PMID: 38763048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor Nur77 plays a pivotal role in immune regulation across various tissues, influencing pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and cellular metabolism. While cellular mechanics have been implicated in inflammation, the contribution of Nur77 to these mechanical processes remains elusive. Macrophages exhibit remarkable plasticity in their morphology and mechanics, enabling them to adapt and execute essential inflammatory functions, such as navigating through inflamed tissue and pathogen engulfment. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing these dynamic changes in macrophage mechanics during inflammation remain poorly understood. To establish the potential correlation of Nur77 with cellular mechanics, we compared bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type (WT) and Nur77-deficient (Nur77-KO) mice and employed cytoskeletal imaging, single-cell acoustic force spectroscopy (AFS), migration and phagocytosis assays, and RNA-sequencing. Our findings reveal that Nur77-KO BMDMs exhibit changes to their actin networks compared to WT BMDMs, which is associated with a stiffer and more rigid phenotype. Subsequent in vitro experiments validated our observations, showcasing that Nur77 deficiency leads to enhanced migration, reduced adhesion, and increased phagocytic activity. The transcriptomics data confirmed altered mechanics-related pathways in Nur77-deficient macrophage that are accompanied by a robust pro-inflammatory phenotype. Utilizing previously obtained ChIP-data, we revealed that Nur77 directly targets differentially expressed genes associated with cellular mechanics. In conclusion, while Nur77 is recognized for its role in reducing inflammation of macrophages by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, our study identifies a novel regulatory mechanism where Nur77 governs macrophage inflammation through the modulation of expression of genes involved in cellular mechanics. Our findings suggest that immune regulation by Nur77 may be partially mediated through alterations in cellular mechanics, highlighting a potential avenue for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne C Lith
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom M J Evers
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Beatriz M Freire
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia M van Tiel
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Winnie G Vos
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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2
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Harber KJ, Neele AE, van Roomen CP, Gijbels MJ, Beckers L, Toom MD, Schomakers BV, Heister DA, Willemsen L, Griffith GR, de Goede KE, van Dierendonck XA, Reiche ME, Poli A, L-H Mogensen F, Michelucci A, Verberk SG, de Vries H, van Weeghel M, Van den Bossche J, de Winther MP. Targeting the ACOD1-itaconate axis stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103054. [PMID: 38309122 PMCID: PMC10848031 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory macrophages are key drivers of atherosclerosis that can induce rupture-prone vulnerable plaques. Skewing the plaque macrophage population towards a more protective phenotype and reducing the occurrence of clinical events is thought to be a promising method of treating atherosclerotic patients. In the current study, we investigate the immunomodulatory properties of itaconate, an immunometabolite derived from the TCA cycle intermediate cis-aconitate and synthesised by the enzyme Aconitate Decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1, also known as IRG1), in the context of atherosclerosis. Ldlr-/- atherogenic mice transplanted with Acod1-/- bone marrow displayed a more stable plaque phenotype with smaller necrotic cores and showed increased recruitment of monocytes to the vessel intima. Macrophages from Acod1-/- mice contained more lipids whilst also displaying reduced induction of apoptosis. Using multi-omics approaches, we identify a metabolic shift towards purine metabolism, in addition to an altered glycolytic flux towards production of glycerol for triglyceride synthesis. Overall, our data highlight the potential of therapeutically blocking ACOD1 with the aim of stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Harber
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annette E Neele
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Cindy Paa van Roomen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Jj Gijbels
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht UMC, University of Maastricht, 6229 HX, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Beckers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Myrthe den Toom
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daan Af Heister
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Willemsen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Guillermo R Griffith
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyra E de Goede
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Xanthe Amh van Dierendonck
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Myrthe E Reiche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aurélie Poli
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Frida L-H Mogensen
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Alessandro Michelucci
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sanne Gs Verberk
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helga de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands.
| | - Menno Pj de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands.
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Lu L, Jang S, Zhu J, Qin Q, Sun L, Sun J. Nur77 mitigates endothelial dysfunction through activation of both nitric oxide production and anti-oxidant pathways. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103056. [PMID: 38290383 PMCID: PMC10844745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nur77 belongs to the member of orphan nuclear receptor 4A family that plays critical roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis. This study aims to determine whether Nur77 plays a role in attenuating vascular dysfunction, and if so, to determine the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Both Nur77 knockout (Nur77 KO) and Nur77 endothelial specific transgenic mice (Nur77-Tg) were employed to examine the functional significance of Nur77 in vascular endothelium in vivo. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to acetylcholine (Ach) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined under inflammatory and high glucose conditions. Expression of genes was determined by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS In response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) treatment and diabetes, the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to Ach was significantly impaired in aorta from Nur77 KO as compared with those from the wild-type (WT) mice. Endothelial specific overexpression of Nur77 markedly prevented both TNF-α- and high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. Compared with WT mice, after TNF-α and high glucose treatment, ROS production in aorta was significantly increased in Nur77 KO mice, but it was inhibited in Nur77-Tg mice, as determined by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nur77 overexpression substantially increased the expression of several key enzymes involved in nitric oxide (NO) production and ROS scavenging, including endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH-1), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), and superoxide dismutases (SODs). Mechanistically, we found that Nur77 increased GCH1 mRNA stability by inhibiting the expression of microRNA-133a, while Nur77 upregulated SOD1 expression through directly binding to the human SOD1 promoter in vascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Nur77 plays an essential role in attenuating endothelial dysfunction through activating NO production and anti-oxidant pathways in vascular endothelium. Targeted activation of Nur77 may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Soohwa Jang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Qing Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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Yuan F, Wei J, Cheng Y, Wang F, Gu M, Li Y, Zhao X, Sun H, Ban R, Zhou J, Xia Z. SLAMF7 Promotes Foam Cell Formation of Macrophage by Suppressing NR4A1 Expression During Carotid Atherosclerosis. Inflammation 2024; 47:530-542. [PMID: 37971565 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage-derived lipid-laden foam cells from the subendothelium play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, the molecule mechanism that regulates the formation of foam cells is not completely understood. Here, we found that SLAMF7 was upregulated in mice bone marrow-derived macrophages and RAW264.7 cells stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). SLAMF7 promoted ox-LDL-mediated macrophage lipid accumulation and M1-type polarization. SLAMF7 deficiency reduced serum lipid levels and improved the lesions area of carotid plaque and aortic arch in high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice. In response to ox-LDL, SLAMF7 downregulated NR4A1 and upregulated RUNX3 through transcriptome sequencing analysis. Overexpression NR4A1 reversed SLAMF7-induced lipid uptake and M1 polarization via inhibiting RUNX3 expression. Furthermore, RUNX3 enhanced foam cell formation and M1-type polarization. Taken together, the study suggested that SLAMF7 play contributing roles in the pro-atherogenic effects by regulating NR4A1-RUNX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Yuan
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmei Wei
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Gu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Liaocheng Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Ban
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhangyong Xia
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People's Republic of China.
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Chatterjee N, Komaravolu RK, Durant CP, Wu R, McSkimming C, Drago F, Kumar S, Valentin-Guillama G, Miller YI, McNamara CA, Ley K, Taylor A, Alimadadi A, Hedrick CC. Single Cell High Dimensional Analysis of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Unique Intermediate Monocyte Subsets Associated with Sex Differences in Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2894. [PMID: 38474140 PMCID: PMC10932111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are associated with human cardiovascular disease progression. Monocytes are segregated into three major subsets: classical (cMo), intermediate (iMo), and nonclassical (nMo). Recent studies have identified heterogeneity within each of these main monocyte classes, yet the extent to which these subsets contribute to heart disease progression is not known. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 61 human subjects within the Coronary Assessment of Virginia (CAVA) Cohort. Coronary atherosclerosis severity was quantified using the Gensini Score (GS). We employed high-dimensional single-cell transcriptome and protein methods to define how human monocytes differ in subjects with low to severe coronary artery disease. We analyzed 487 immune-related genes and 49 surface proteins at the single-cell level using Antibody-Seq (Ab-Seq). We identified six subsets of myeloid cells (cMo, iMo, nMo, plasmacytoid DC, classical DC, and DC3) at the single-cell level based on surface proteins, and we associated these subsets with coronary artery disease (CAD) incidence based on Gensini score (GS) in each subject. Only frequencies of iMo were associated with high CAD (GS > 32), adj.p = 0.024. Spearman correlation analysis with GS from each subject revealed a positive correlation with iMo frequencies (r = 0.314, p = 0.014) and further showed a robust sex-dependent positive correlation in female subjects (r = 0.663, p = 0.004). cMo frequencies did not correlate with CAD severity. Key gene pathways differed in iMo among low and high CAD subjects and between males and females. Further single-cell analysis of iMo revealed three iMo subsets in human PBMC, distinguished by the expression of HLA-DR, CXCR3, and CD206. We found that the frequency of immunoregulatory iMo_HLA-DR+CXCR3+CD206+ was associated with CAD severity (adj.p = 0.006). The immunoregulatory iMo subset positively correlated with GS in both females (r = 0.660, p = 0.004) and males (r = 0.315, p = 0.037). Cell interaction analyses identified strong interactions of iMo with CD4+ effector/memory T cells and Tregs from the same subjects. This study shows the importance of iMo in CAD progression and suggests that iMo may have important functional roles in modulating CAD risk, particularly among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Chatterjee
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Ravi K. Komaravolu
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | | | - Runpei Wu
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Chantel McSkimming
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Fabrizio Drago
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Gabriel Valentin-Guillama
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Yury I. Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Angela Taylor
- Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA (A.T.)
| | - Ahmad Alimadadi
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
| | - Catherine C. Hedrick
- La Jolla Institute of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (N.C.); (K.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.K.K.)
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Kou T, Kang L, Zhang B, Li J, Zhao B, Zeng W, Hu X. RBP-J regulates homeostasis and function of circulating Ly6C lo monocytes. eLife 2024; 12:RP88135. [PMID: 38407952 PMCID: PMC10942619 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Notch-RBP-J signaling plays an essential role in the maintenance of myeloid homeostasis. However, its role in monocyte cell fate decisions is not fully understood. Here, we showed that conditional deletion of transcription factor RBP-J in myeloid cells resulted in marked accumulation of blood Ly6Clo monocytes that highly expressed chemokine receptor CCR2. Bone marrow transplantation and parabiosis experiments revealed a cell-intrinsic requirement of RBP-J for controlling blood Ly6CloCCR2hi monocytes. RBP-J-deficient Ly6Clo monocytes exhibited enhanced capacity competing with wildtype counterparts in blood circulation. In accordance with alterations of circulating monocytes, RBP-J deficiency led to markedly increased population of lung tissues with Ly6Clo monocytes and CD16.2+ interstitial macrophages. Furthermore, RBP-J deficiency-associated phenotypes could be genetically corrected by further deleting Ccr2 in myeloid cells. These results demonstrate that RBP-J functions as a crucial regulator of blood Ly6Clo monocytes and thus derived lung-resident myeloid populations, at least in part through regulation of CCR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Kou
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Lan Kang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkUnited States
| | - Wenwen Zeng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijingChina
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7
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Dai Y, Yu C, Zhou L, Cheng L, Ni H, Liang W. Chemokine receptor CXCR4 interacts with nuclear receptor Nur77 and promote glioma invasion and progression. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148647. [PMID: 37890573 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor. It is prone to progress and have high rate of mortality regardless of radiation or chemotherapy due to its invasive growth features. Chemokine and its receptor CXCL12 and CXCR4 play important roles in cancer metastasis. METHODS In this study, we investigate the role of CXCR4 in the progression of glioma by various molecular technologies, including qRT-PCR, Western blotting, wound closure assay, transwell assay et al. RESULTS: It was found that CXCR4 was overexpressed in glioma tissues. The expression of CXCR4 was correlated with patients' overall survival. Wound closure assay and transwell invasion assay showed that inhibition of CXCR4 significantly reduced the expression of biomarkers related to the formation of invadopodium, leading to decrease the invasion and migration of glioma tumor cells. Knocking down the nuclear receptor Nur77 remarkably decreased CXCR4 expression and reduced glioma cell invasion and migration. The reduction of glioma cell invasion and migration were observed after Nur77 inhibitor treatment. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results indicated that CXCR4 is critical in promoting glioma migration and invasion. Inhibition of Nur77 reduces CXCR4 related cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Dai
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Longyang Cheng
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Hongbin Ni
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Weibang Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, China.
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8
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Yao Y. NR4A1 destabilizes TNF mRNA in microglia and modulates stroke outcomes. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002226. [PMID: 37490433 PMCID: PMC10368268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia play a dual role in stroke depending on their pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory polarization. A study in PLOS Biology identifies a new mechanism, through which the transcription factor NR4A1 negatively regulates TNF expression in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
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9
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Liu P, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Yuan Z, Sun JG, Xia S, Cao X, Chen J, Zhang CJ, Chen Y, Zhan H, Jin Y, Bao X, Gu Y, Zhang M, Xu Y. Noncanonical contribution of microglial transcription factor NR4A1 to post-stroke recovery through TNF mRNA destabilization. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002199. [PMID: 37486903 PMCID: PMC10365314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in various neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke, but the endogenous mechanisms preventing unstrained inflammation is still unclear. The anti-inflammatory role of transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) in macrophages and microglia has previously been identified. However, the endogenous mechanisms that how NR4A1 restricts unstrained inflammation remain elusive. Here, we observed that NR4A1 is up-regulated in the cytoplasm of activated microglia and localizes to processing bodies (P-bodies). In addition, we found that cytoplasmic NR4A1 functions as an RNA-binding protein (RBP) that directly binds and destabilizes Tnf mRNA in an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent manner. Remarkably, conditional microglial deletion of Nr4a1 elevates Tnf expression and worsens outcomes in a mouse model of ischemic stroke, in which case NR4A1 expression is significantly induced in the cytoplasm of microglia. Thus, our study illustrates a novel mechanism that NR4A1 posttranscriptionally regulates Tnf expression in microglia and determines stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Guang Sun
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cun-Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuexinzi Jin
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Ng LG, Liu Z, Kwok I, Ginhoux F. Origin and Heterogeneity of Tissue Myeloid Cells: A Focus on GMP-Derived Monocytes and Neutrophils. Annu Rev Immunol 2023; 41:375-404. [PMID: 37126421 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-081022-113627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid cells are a significant proportion of leukocytes within tissues, comprising granulocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. With the identification of various myeloid cells that perform separate but complementary functions during homeostasis and disease, our understanding of tissue myeloid cells has evolved significantly. Exciting findings from transcriptomics profiling and fate-mapping mouse models have facilitated the identification of their developmental origins, maturation, and tissue-specific specializations. This review highlights the current understanding of tissue myeloid cells and the contributing factors of functional heterogeneity to better comprehend the complex and dynamic immune interactions within the healthy or inflamed tissue. Specifically, we discuss the new understanding of the contributions of granulocyte-monocyte progenitor-derived phagocytes to tissue myeloid cell heterogeneity as well as the impact of niche-specific factors on monocyte and neutrophil phenotype and function. Lastly, we explore the developing paradigm of myeloid cell heterogeneity during inflammation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Guan Ng
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore; ,
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore; ,
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore; ,
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institut Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore
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11
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Birari P, Mal S, Majumder D, Sharma AK, Kumar M, Das T, Ghosh Z, Jana K, Gupta UD, Kundu M, Basu J. Nur77 influences immunometabolism to regulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and the formation of lipid bodies during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of macrophages. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:ftad033. [PMID: 38017622 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection of macrophages with Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces innate immune responses designed to clear the invading bacterium. However, bacteria often survive within the intracellular environment by exploiting these responses triggered by macrophages. Here, the role of the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 (Nr4a1) in regulating the response of macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis (Mtb) has been delineated. Nur77 is induced early during infection, regulates metabolism by binding directly at the promoter of the TCA cycle enzyme, isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), to act as its repressor, and shifts the balance from a proinflammatory to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Depletion of Nur77 increased transcription of IDH2 and, consequently, the levels of intracellular succinate, leading to enhanced levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Further, Nur77 inhibited the production of antibacterial nitric oxide and IL-1β in a succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-dependent manner, suggesting that its induction favors bacterial survival by suppressing bactericidal responses. Indeed, depletion of Nur77 inhibited the intracellular survival of Mtb. On the other hand, depletion of Nur77 enhanced lipid body formation, suggesting that the fall in Nur77 levels as infection progresses likely favors foamy macrophage formation and long-term survival of Mtb in the host milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Birari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Soumya Mal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Debayan Majumder
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Troyee Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Zhumur Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Umesh D Gupta
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Disease, Agra 282001, India
| | - Manikuntala Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Joyoti Basu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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12
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Pedersen LN, Blanks AM, Bohmke NJ, Mihalick VL, Franco RL. Acute, but not chronic, aerobic exercise alters the impact of ex vivo LDL and fatty acid stimulation on monocytes and macrophages from healthy, young adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:975-988. [PMID: 36607416 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride concentrations are associated with future cardiovascular risk in young adults. Conversely, chronic physical activity is generally accepted to reduce CVD risk. Atherosclerosis is a major underlying cause of CVD, and atherogenesis is mediated by peripheral monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. The study aimed to determine if an individual's physical activity level impacts the phenotype of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages when stimulated with LDL and fatty acid ex vivo. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from healthy, young adults of differing physical activity levels before and after a single bout of moderate intensity exercise (25 min at 60% of VO2peak). PBMCs were stimulated with LDL and palmitate ex vivo prior to differentiation into macrophages. Monocyte subset percentages and monocyte-derived macrophage expression of phenotypic (CD86, CD206) and functional (CCR2, ERK 1/2) markers were evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared to baseline, ex vivo LDL and palmitate stimulation decreased (p = 0.038) non-classical monocyte percentage from 24.7 ± 3.2 to 21.5 ± 2.6% in all participants. When ex vivo lipid stimulation was preceded by acute exercise, non-classical monocyte percentage was similar to baseline levels (p = 0.670, 25.8 ± 2.15%). Macrophage CD86/CD206 was increased from 1.30 ± 0.14 to 1.68 ± 0.19 when preceded by acute exercise in all participants. No differences were observed between participants of differing physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that acute exercise modulates monocyte phenotype after LDL and palmitate stimulation in a protective manner, however, chronic physical activity does not alter monocyte/macrophage responses to any experimental condition in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Pedersen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anson M Blanks
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Grace Street, Room 113, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Natalie J Bohmke
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Grace Street, Room 113, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Virginia L Mihalick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - R Lee Franco
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Grace Street, Room 113, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
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13
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Li Q, Li Y, Huang W, Wang X, Liu Z, Chen J, Fan Y, Peng T, Sadayappan S, Wang Y, Fan GC. Loss of Lipocalin 10 Exacerbates Diabetes-Induced Cardiomyopathy via Disruption of Nr4a1-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Response in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930397. [PMID: 35757735 PMCID: PMC9226549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders (i.e., hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperinsulinemia) cause increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, leading to gradual loss of cardiac resident macrophage population and increased accumulation of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages in the heart. Such self-perpetuating effect may contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy during diabetes. Recent meta-analysis data reveal that lipocalin 10 (Lcn10) is significantly downregulated in cardiac tissue of patients with heart failure but is increased in the blood of septic patients. However, the functional role of Lcn10 in cardiac inflammation triggered by metabolic disorders has never been investigated. In this study, we demonstrate that the expression of Lcn10 in macrophages was significantly decreased under multiple metabolic stress conditions. Furthermore, Lcn10-null macrophages exhibited pro-inflammatory phenotype in response to inflammation stimuli. Next, using a global Lcn10-knockout (KO) mouse model to induce type-2 diabetes (T2D), we observed that loss of Lcn10 promoted more pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration into the heart, compared to controls, leading to aggravated insulin resistance and impaired cardiac function. Similarly, adoptive transfer of Lcn10-KO bone marrow cells into X-ray irradiated mice displayed higher ratio of pro-/anti-inflammatory macrophages in the heart and worsened cardiac function than those mice received wild-type (WT) bone marrows upon T2D conditions. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing analysis showed that Nr4a1, a nuclear receptor known to have potent anti-inflammatory effects, is involved in Lcn10-mediated macrophage activation. Indeed, we found that nuclear translocation of Nr4a1 was disrupted in Lcn10-KO macrophages upon stimulation with LPS + IFNγ. Accordingly, treatment with Cytosporone B (CsnB), an agonist of Nr4a1, attenuated the pro-inflammatory response in Lcn10-null macrophages and partially improved cardiac function in Lcn10-KO diabetic mice. Together, these findings indicate that loss of Lcn10 skews macrophage polarization to pro-inflammatory phenotype and aggravates cardiac dysfunction during type-2 diabetes through the disruption of Nr4a1-mediated anti-inflammatory signaling pathway in macrophages. Therefore, reduction of Lcn10 expression observed in diabetic macrophages may be responsible for the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction. It suggests that Lcn10 might be a potential therapeutic factor for diabetic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Yutian Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Zhenling Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tianqing Peng
- The Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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14
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Nguyen MA, Hoang HD, Rasheed A, Duchez AC, Wyatt H, Lynn Cottee M, Graber TE, Susser L, Robichaud S, Berber İ, Geoffrion M, Ouimet M, Kazan H, Maegdefessel L, Mulvihill EE, Alain T, Rayner KJ. miR-223 Exerts Translational Control of Proatherogenic Genes in Macrophages. Circ Res 2022; 131:42-58. [PMID: 35611698 PMCID: PMC9213086 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A significant burden of atherosclerotic disease is driven by inflammation. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important factors driving and protecting from atherosclerosis. miR-223 regulates cholesterol metabolism and inflammation via targeting both cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and NFkB signaling pathways; however, its role in atherosclerosis has not been investigated. We hypothesize that miR-223 globally regulates core inflammatory pathways in macrophages in response to inflammatory and atherogenic stimuli thus limiting the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- My-Anh Nguyen
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Huy-Dung Hoang
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (H.-D.H., T.E.G., T.A.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Adil Rasheed
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Anne-Claire Duchez
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.)
| | - Hailey Wyatt
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Mary Lynn Cottee
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.)
| | - Tyson E Graber
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (H.-D.H., T.E.G., T.A.)
| | - Leah Susser
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Sabrina Robichaud
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - İbrahim Berber
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Program, Antalya Bilim University, Turkey (I.B.)
| | - Michele Geoffrion
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.)
| | - Mireille Ouimet
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Hilal Kazan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Antalya Bilim University, Turkey (H.K.)
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany (L.M.).,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.)
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Tommy Alain
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (H.-D.H., T.E.G., T.A.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Katey J Rayner
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Centre for Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
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15
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Nur77 Deficiency Exacerbates Macrophage NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Inflammation and Accelerates Atherosclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2017815. [PMID: 35464766 PMCID: PMC9020982 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2017815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Activation of NLR (nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat immune receptor) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome mediating interleukin- (IL-) 1β secretion has emerged as an important component of inflammatory processes in atherogenesis. The nuclear receptor Nur77 is highly expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions; however, its functional role in macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation has not yet been clarified. Methods, Materials, and Results. Eight-week-old apolipoprotein E (ApoE)−/− and ApoE−/− Nur77−/− mice that were fed a Western diet underwent partial ligation of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and left renal artery (LRA) to induce atherogenesis. Four weeks later, severe plaque burden associated with increased lipid deposition, reduced smooth muscle cells, macrophage infiltration, and decreased collagen expression was identified in ApoE−/− Nur77−/− mice compared with those in ApoE−/− mice. ApoE−/− Nur77−/− mice showed increased macrophage inflammatory responses in carotid atherosclerotic lesions. In vitro studies demonstrated that oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDL) increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and upregulated the expressions of cleaved caspase-1, cleaved IL-1β and gasdermin D (GSMD) in WT peritoneal macrophages (PMs) in a NLRP3-dependent manner. Nur77−/− PMs exhibited a further increased level of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation under ox-LDL treatment compared with WT PMs. Mechanistically, Nur77 could bind to the promoter of NLRP3 and inhibit its transcriptional activity. Conclusions This study demonstrated that Nur77 deletion promotes atherogenesis by exacerbating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation.
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16
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Liu J, Hernandez R, Li X, Meng Z, Chen H, Zhou C. Pregnane X Receptor Mediates Atherosclerosis Induced by Dicyclohexyl Phthalate in LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice. Cells 2022; 11:1125. [PMID: 35406689 PMCID: PMC8997706 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic-associated endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been implicated in the etiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in humans, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) is a widely used phthalate plasticizer; whether and how exposure to DCHP elicits adverse effects in vivo is mostly unknown. We previously reported that DCHP is a potent ligand of the pregnane X receptor (PXR) which acts as a xenobiotic sensor to regulate xenobiotic metabolism. PXR also functions in macrophages to regulate atherosclerosis development in animal models. In the current study, LDL receptor-deficient mice with myeloid-specific PXR deficiency (PXRΔMyeLDLR-/-) and their control littermates (PXRF/FLDLR-/-) were used to determine the impact of DCHP exposure on macrophage function and atherosclerosis. Chronic exposure to DCHP significantly increased atherosclerotic lesion area in the aortic root and brachiocephalic artery of PXRF/FLDLR-/- mice by 65% and 77%, respectively. By contrast, DCHP did not affect atherosclerosis development in PXRΔMyeLDLR-/- mice. Exposure to DCHP led to elevated expression of the scavenger receptor CD36 in macrophages and increased macrophage form cell formation in PXRF/FLDLR-/- mice. Our findings provide potential mechanisms underlying phthalate-associated CVD risk and will ultimately stimulate further investigations and mitigation of the adverse effects of plastic-associated EDCs on CVD risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (J.L.); (R.H.); (X.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Rebecca Hernandez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (J.L.); (R.H.); (X.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (J.L.); (R.H.); (X.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhaojie Meng
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (J.L.); (R.H.); (X.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (J.L.); (R.H.); (X.L.); (Z.M.)
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17
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Ao M, Zhang J, Qian Y, Li B, Wang X, Chen J, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Qiu Y, Xu Y, Wu Z, Fang M. Design and synthesis of adamantyl-substituted flavonoid derivatives as anti-inflammatory Nur77 modulators: Compound B7 targets Nur77 and improves LPS-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105645. [PMID: 35121551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In continuing our study on discovering new Nur77-targeting anti-inflammatory agents with natural skeletons, we combined adamantyl group and hydroxamic acid moiety with flavonoid nucleus, synthesized three series of flavonoid derivatives with a similar structure like CD437, and evaluated their activities against LPS-induced inflammation. Compound B7 was found to be an excellent Nur77 binder (Kd = 3.55 × 10-7 M) and a potent inhibitor of inflammation, which significantly decreased the production of cytokines in vitro, such as NO, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 μM. Mechanistically, B7 modulated the colocalization of Nur77 at mitochondria and inhibited the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation via the blockade of NF-κB activation in a Nur77-dependent manner. Additionally, B7 showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in the LPS-induced mice model of acute lung injury (ALI). These data suggest that the Nur77-targeting flavonoid derivatives can be particularly useful for further pharmaceutical development for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Ao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China; School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100 China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China; National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Qian
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Boqun Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yingkun Qiu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhen Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Meijuan Fang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China.
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18
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Li C, Qu L, Matz AJ, Murphy PA, Liu Y, Manichaikul AW, Aguiar D, Rich SS, Herrington DM, Vu D, Johnson WC, Rotter JI, Post WS, Vella AT, Rodriguez-Oquendo A, Zhou B. AtheroSpectrum Reveals Novel Macrophage Foam Cell Gene Signatures Associated With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Circulation 2022; 145:206-218. [PMID: 34913723 PMCID: PMC8766929 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whereas several interventions can effectively lower lipid levels in people at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), cardiovascular event risks remain, suggesting an unmet medical need to identify factors contributing to cardiovascular event risk. Monocytes and macrophages play central roles in atherosclerosis, but studies have yet to provide a detailed view of macrophage populations involved in increased ASCVD risk. METHODS A novel macrophage foaming analytics tool, AtheroSpectrum, was developed using 2 quantitative indices depicting lipid metabolism and the inflammatory status of macrophages. A machine learning algorithm was developed to analyze gene expression patterns in the peripheral monocyte transcriptome of MESA participants (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; set 1; n=911). A list of 30 genes was generated and integrated with traditional risk factors to create an ASCVD risk prediction model (30-gene cardiovascular disease risk score [CR-30]), which was subsequently validated in the remaining MESA participants (set 2; n=228); performance of CR-30 was also tested in 2 independent human atherosclerotic tissue transcriptome data sets (GTEx [Genotype-Tissue Expression] and GSE43292). RESULTS Using single-cell transcriptomic profiles (GSE97310, GSE116240, GSE97941, and FR-FCM-Z23S), AtheroSpectrum detected 2 distinct programs in plaque macrophages-homeostatic foaming and inflammatory pathogenic foaming-the latter of which was positively associated with severity of atherosclerosis in multiple studies. A pool of 2209 pathogenic foaming genes was extracted and screened to select a subset of 30 genes correlated with cardiovascular event in MESA set 1. A cardiovascular disease risk score model (CR-30) was then developed by incorporating this gene set with traditional variables sensitive to cardiovascular event in MESA set 1 after cross-validation generalizability analysis. The performance of CR-30 was then tested in MESA set 2 (P=2.60×10-4; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.742) and 2 independent data sets (GTEx: P=7.32×10-17; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.664; GSE43292: P=7.04×10-2; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.633). Model sensitivity tests confirmed the contribution of the 30-gene panel to the prediction model (likelihood ratio test; df=31, P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our novel computational program (AtheroSpectrum) identified a specific gene expression profile associated with inflammatory macrophage foam cells. A subset of 30 genes expressed in circulating monocytes jointly contributed to prediction of symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease. Incorporating a pathogenic foaming gene set with known risk factors can significantly strengthen the power to predict ASCVD risk. Our programs may facilitate both mechanistic investigations and development of therapeutic and prognostic strategies for ASCVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | - Lili Qu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | - Alyssa J. Matz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | - Patrick A. Murphy
- Center for Vascular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology and Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Ani W. Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Derek Aguiar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - David M Herrington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - David Vu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - W. Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Wendy S. Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anthony T. Vella
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | | | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
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19
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Role of NR4A family members in myeloid cells and leukemia. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 3:23-36. [PMID: 35496823 PMCID: PMC9040138 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloid cellular compartment comprises monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and granulocytes. As diverse as this group of cells may be, they are all an important part of the innate immune system and are therefore linked by the necessity to be acutely sensitive to their environment and to rapidly and appropriately respond to any changes that may occur. The nuclear orphan receptors NR4A1, NR4A2 and NR4A3 are encoded by immediate early genes as their expression is rapidly induced in response to various signals. It is perhaps because of this characteristic that this family of transcription factors has many known roles in myeloid cells. In this review, we will regroup and discuss the diverse roles NR4As have in different myeloid cell subsets, including in differentiation, migration, activation, and metabolism. We will also highlight the importance these molecules have in the development of myeloid leukemia. NR4A1-3 have important roles in the different cells of the myeloid compartment. These orphan receptors homeostasis, differentiation, and activation. NR4A family is important in suppressing the development of myeloid leukemias. NR4As have been linked to several diseases and could be pharmacological targets.
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20
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Oh ES, Petersen KS, Kris-Etherton PM, Rogers CJ. Four weeks of spice consumption lowers plasma proinflammatory cytokines and alters the function of monocytes in adults at risk of cardiometabolic disease: secondary outcome analysis in a 3-period, randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:61-72. [PMID: 34601551 PMCID: PMC8755038 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies demonstrate acute anti-inflammatory properties of individual spices, but none have examined the effect of longer-term consumption of a spice blend incorporated in a meal. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of longer-term spice consumption on inflammatory cytokines and monocyte subsets [classical (CM), intermediate (IM), nonclassical (NCM)] in adults at risk of cardiometabolic disease. METHODS A 3-period, randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was conducted. Participants (n = 71 recruited; n = 63 completed) randomly consumed diets differing in terms of the quantity of spices: 0.547 g (low-dose spice diet; LSD), 3.285 g (medium-dose spice diet; MSD), or 6.571 g (high-dose spice diet; HSD) · d-1 · 2100 kcal-1, for 4 wk with a ≥2-wk washout between diets. At baseline and after each diet period, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and TNF-α) in plasma and LPS-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture supernatants, and the phenotype and function of monocyte subsets, were measured in fasted participants. Postprandial proinflammatory cytokines also were quantified at baseline by consumption of a low-spice-dose test meal, and after each diet period by consumption of a test meal containing a spice dose corresponding to daily spice consumption during the preceding 4-wk diet period. RESULTS Fasting plasma IL-6 was reduced (mean ± SEM: -118.26 ± 50.63 fg/mL; P < 0.05) after MSD compared with baseline. Postprandial plasma IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α were lower (mean ± SEM : -9.47 ± 2.70 fg/mL, -0.20 ± 0.05 pg/mL, and -33.28 ± 12.35 fg/mL, respectively) after MSD compared with LSD (main diet effect; P < 0.05). CM adherence was reduced (mean ± SEM: -0.86 ± 0.34; P = 0.034) after HSD compared with LSD. IM migration was reduced after MSD and HSD compared with LSD (mean ± SEM: -0.39 ± 0.09 and -0.56 ± 0.14, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Four weeks of MSD consumption reduced fasting plasma IL-6 and postprandial plasma IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α as well as altering monocyte function.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03064932.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester S Oh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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21
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Kore RA, Wang X, Henson JC, Ding Z, Jamshidi-Parsian A, Mehta JL. Proteomic basis of modulation of postischemic fibrosis by MSC exosomes. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 321:R639-R654. [PMID: 34431382 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00124.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
After an ischemic event, there is activation of fibroblasts leading to scar formation. It is critical to limit the profibrotic remodeling and activate the reparative remodeling phase to limit cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes offer significant protection against ischemia-related systolic dysfunction. Here, we studied if MSC exosomes would offer protection against profibrotic events in mouse hearts subjected to acute ischemia [1 h left coronary artery (LCA) occlusion] or chronic ischemia (7 days LCA occlusion). After acute ischemia, there was activation of inflammatory signals, more in the peri-infarct than in the infarct area, in the saline (vehicle)-treated mice. At the same time, there was expression of cardiac remodeling signals (vimentin, collagens-1 and -3, and fibronectin), more in the infarct area. Treatment with MSC exosomes before LCA ligation suppressed inflammatory signals during acute and chronic ischemia. Furthermore, exosome treatment promoted pro-reparative cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in both infarct and peri-infarct areas by suppressing fibronectin secretion and by modulating collagen secretion to reduce fibrotic scar formation through altered cellular signaling pathways. Proteomics study revealed intense expression of IL-1β and activation of profibrotic signals in the saline-treated hearts and their suppression in MSC exosome-treated hearts. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the infarct and peri-infarct area proteomics of ischemic mice hearts to explain MSC exosome-mediated suppression of scar formation in the ischemic mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajshekhar A Kore
- Cardiology Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jeffrey Curran Henson
- Cardiology Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Zufeng Ding
- Cardiology Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Azemat Jamshidi-Parsian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Cardiology Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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22
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Cheng YW, Zhang ZB, Lan BD, Lin JR, Chen XH, Kong LR, Xu L, Ruan CC, Gao PJ. PDGF-D activation by macrophage-derived uPA promotes AngII-induced cardiac remodeling in obese mice. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210252. [PMID: 34236404 PMCID: PMC8273546 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced secretory disorder of adipose tissue-derived factors is important for cardiac damage. However, whether platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D), a newly identified adipokine, regulates cardiac remodeling in angiotensin II (AngII)-infused obese mice is unclear. Here, we found obesity induced PDGF-D expression in adipose tissue as well as more severe cardiac remodeling compared with control lean mice after AngII infusion. Adipocyte-specific PDGF-D knockout attenuated hypertensive cardiac remodeling in obese mice. Consistently, adipocyte-specific PDGF-D overexpression transgenic mice (PA-Tg) showed exacerbated cardiac remodeling after AngII infusion without high-fat diet treatment. Mechanistic studies indicated that AngII-stimulated macrophages produce urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) that activates PDGF-D by splicing full-length PDGF-D into the active PDGF-DD. Moreover, bone marrow-specific uPA knockdown decreased active PDGF-DD levels in the heart and improved cardiac remodeling in HFD hypertensive mice. Together, our data provide for the first time a new interaction pattern between macrophage and adipocyte: that macrophage-derived uPA activates adipocyte-secreted PDGF-D, which finally accelerates AngII-induced cardiac remodeling in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Bei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Di Lan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing-Rong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Ran Kong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Nuclear receptor Nur77: its role in chronic inflammatory diseases. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:927-939. [PMID: 34328179 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nur77 is a nuclear receptor that has been implicated as a regulator of inflammatory disease. The expression of Nur77 increases upon stimulation of immune cells and is differentially expressed in chronically inflamed organs in human and experimental models. Furthermore, in a variety of animal models dedicated to study inflammatory diseases, changes in Nur77 expression alter disease outcome. The available studies comprise a wealth of information on the function of Nur77 in diverse cell types and tissues. Negative cross-talk of Nur77 with the NFκB signaling complex is an example of Nur77 effector function. An alternative mechanism of action has been established, involving Nur77-mediated modulation of metabolism in macrophages as well as in T cells. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on the role of Nur77 in atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and sepsis. Detailed insight in the control of inflammatory responses will be essential in order to advance Nur77-targeted therapeutic interventions in inflammatory disease.
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24
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Willems S, Zaienne D, Merk D. Targeting Nuclear Receptors in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9592-9638. [PMID: 34251209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors, also known as ligand-activated transcription factors, regulate gene expression upon ligand signals and present as attractive therapeutic targets especially in chronic diseases. Despite the therapeutic relevance of some nuclear receptors in various pathologies, their potential in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation is insufficiently established. This perspective gathers preclinical and clinical data for a potential role of individual nuclear receptors as future targets in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, and concomitantly evaluates the level of medicinal chemistry targeting these proteins. Considerable evidence suggests the high promise of ligand-activated transcription factors to counteract neurodegenerative diseases with a particularly high potential of several orphan nuclear receptors. However, potent tools are lacking for orphan receptors, and limited central nervous system exposure or insufficient selectivity also compromises the suitability of well-studied nuclear receptor ligands for functional studies. Medicinal chemistry efforts are needed to develop dedicated high-quality tool compounds for the therapeutic validation of nuclear receptors in neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Willems
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Zaienne
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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25
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Assessment of medullary and extramedullary myelopoiesis in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105663. [PMID: 33979688 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recruitment of innate immune cells and their accumulation in the arterial wall and infarcted myocardium has been recognized as a central feature of atherosclerosis and cardiac ischemic injury, respectively. In both, steady state and under pathological conditions, majority of these cells have a finite life span and are continuously replenished from haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell pool residing in the bone marrow and extramedullary sites. While having a crucial role in the cardiovascular disease development, proliferation and differentiation of innate immune cells within haematopoietic compartments is greatly affected by the ongoing cardiovascular pathology. In the current review, we summarize key cells, processes and tissue compartments that are involved in myelopoiesis under the steady state, during atherosclerosis development and in myocardial infarction.
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26
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Oh ES, Na M, Rogers CJ. The Association Between Monocyte Subsets and Cardiometabolic Disorders/Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:640124. [PMID: 33681309 PMCID: PMC7925827 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.640124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Monocyte subsets in humans, i.e., classical (CM), intermediate (IM), and non-classical monocytes (NCM), are thought to differentially contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between monocyte subsets and cardiometabolic disorders and CVD is not well-understood. Thus, the aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate recent findings from clinical studies that examined the association between the distribution of monocyte subsets in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders and CVD compared to healthy controls. Methods: Articles were systematically searched in CINAHL, PubMed and Cochrane Library. Articles were independently screened and selected by two reviewers. Studies that reported the percentage of each monocyte subset were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. For the meta-analysis, a random-effects model was used to generate pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) between subjects with cardiometabolic disorders and healthy controls. Results: A total of 1,693 articles were screened and 27 studies were selected for qualitative analyses. Among them, six studies were included in the meta-analysis. In total, sample size ranged from 22 to 135 and mean or median age from 22 to 70 years old. We found studies that reported higher percentage and number of IM and/or NCM in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders (9 out of 13 studies) and in subjects with CVD (11 out of 15 studies) compared to healthy controls. In the meta-analysis, the percentage of CM was lower [SMD = −1.21; 95% CI (−1.92, −0.50); P = 0.0009; I2 = 91%] and the percentage of IM [SMD = 0.56; 95% CI (0.23, 0.88); P = 0.0008; I2 = 65%] and NCM [SMD = 1.39; 95% CI (0.59, 2.19); P = 0.0007; I2 = 93%] were higher in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: Individuals with cardiometabolic disorders and CVD may have a higher percentage of IM and NCM than healthy controls. Future studies are needed to evaluate the cause and biological significance of this potential altered distribution of monocyte subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester S Oh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Muzi Na
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Connie J Rogers
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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27
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-producing dendritic cells (Tip-DCs) have profound impacts on host immune responses during infections. The mechanisms regulating Tip-DC development remain largely unknown. Here, using a mouse model of infection with African trypanosomes, we show that a deficiency in interleukin-27 receptor (IL-27R) signaling results in escalated intrahepatic accumulation of Ly6C-positive (Ly6C+) monocytes and their differentiation into Tip-DCs. Blocking Tip-DC development significantly ameliorates liver injury and increases the survival of infected IL-27R−/− mice. Mechanistically, Ly6C+ monocyte differentiation into pathogenic Tip-DCs in infected IL-27R−/− mice is driven by a CD4+ T cell-interferon gamma (IFN-γ) axis via cell-intrinsic IFN-γ signaling. In parallel, hyperactive IFN-γ signaling induces cell death of Ly6C-negative (Ly6C−) monocytes in a cell-intrinsic manner, which in turn aggravates the development of pathogenic Tip-DCs due to the loss of the negative regulation of Ly6C− monocytes on Ly6C+ monocyte differentiation into Tip-DCs. Thus, IL-27 inhibits the dual-track exacerbation of Tip-DC development induced by a CD4+ T cell–IFN-γ axis. We conclude that IL-27 negatively regulates Tip-DC development by preventing the cell-intrinsic effects of IFN-γ and that the regulation involves CD4+ T cells and Ly6C− monocytes. Targeting IL-27 signaling may manipulate Tip-DC development for therapeutic intervention.
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Lamorte S, Shinde R, McGaha TL. Nuclear receptors, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and macrophage function. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 78:100942. [PMID: 33451803 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key regulators of innate immune responses and tissue homeostasis. Evidence indicates that NRs significantly impact steady-state immune regulation, uptake and processing of apoptotic cells, tolerance induction, and control of inflammatory immunity. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the NR activity for balancing inflammation and tolerance, the signaling cascade inducing the NR activation and functional responses, and different mechanisms of the NR-driven immune effects in the context of autoimmune diseases. We further describe the ligand-activated transcription factor the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) that exhibits analogous functionality. Moreover, we will discuss the putative role of NRs and AhR in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis providing a rationale for therapeutic targeting as a unique opportunities in the clinical management of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lamorte
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rahul Shinde
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tracy L McGaha
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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29
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The well recognized plasticity and diversity, typical of monocytes and macrophages have recently been expanded by the knowledge that additional macrophage lineages originated directly from embryonic progenitors, populate and establish residency in all tissues examined so far. This review aims to summarize our current understanding on the diversity of monocyte/macrophage subtypes associated with the vasculature, their specific origins, and nature of their cross-talk with the endothelium. RECENT FINDINGS Taking stock of the many interactions between the endothelium and monocytes/macrophages reveals a far more intricate and ever-growing depth. In addition to circulating and surveilling the endothelium, monocytes can specifically be differentiated into patrolling cells that crawl on the surface of the endothelium and promote homeostasis. The conversion of classical to patrolling is endothelium-dependent uncovering an important functional link. In addition to patrolling cells, the endothelium also recruits and harbor an intimal-resident myeloid population that resides in the tunica intima in the absence of pathological insults. Moreover, the adventitia is populated with resident macrophages that support blood vessel integrity and prevent fibrosis. SUMMARY The last few years have witnessed a significant expansion in our knowledge of the many subtypes of monocytes and macrophages and their corresponding functional interactions with the vascular wall. In addition to surveying the endothelium for opportunities of diapedeses, monocyte and macrophages take residence in both the intima (as patrolling or resident) and in the adventitia. Their contributions to vascular function are broad and critical to homeostasis, regeneration, and expansion.
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30
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Duez H, Pourcet B. Nuclear Receptors in the Control of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:630536. [PMID: 33716981 PMCID: PMC7947301 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.630536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense specialized in the clearing of invaders whether foreign elements like microbes or self-elements that accumulate abnormally including cellular debris. Inflammasomes are master regulators of the innate immune system, especially in macrophages, and are key sensors involved in maintaining cellular health in response to cytolytic pathogens or stress signals. Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic complexes typically composed of a sensor molecule such as NOD-Like Receptors (NLRs), an adaptor protein including ASC and an effector protein such as caspase 1. Upon stimulation, inflammasome complex components associate to promote the cleavage of the pro-caspase 1 into active caspase-1 and the subsequent activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-18 and IL-1β. Deficiency or overactivation of such important sensors leads to critical diseases including Alzheimer diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, cancers, acute liver diseases, and cardiometabolic diseases. Inflammasomes are tightly controlled by a two-step activation regulatory process consisting in a priming step, which activates the transcription of inflammasome components, and an activation step which leads to the inflammasome complex formation and the subsequent cleavage of pro-IL1 cytokines. Apart from the NF-κB pathway, nuclear receptors have recently been proposed as additional regulators of this pathway. This review will discuss the role of nuclear receptors in the control of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the putative beneficial effect of new modulators of inflammasomes in the treatment of inflammatory diseases including colitis, fulminant hepatitis, cardiac ischemia-reperfusion and brain diseases.
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31
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Lith SC, van Os BW, Seijkens TTP, de Vries CJM. 'Nur'turing tumor T cell tolerance and exhaustion: novel function for Nuclear Receptor Nur77 in immunity. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1643-1652. [PMID: 33063848 PMCID: PMC7702156 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor Nur77 is expressed in a multitude of tissues, regulating cell differentiation and homeostasis. Dysregulation of Nur77 signaling is associated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and disorders of the CNS. The role of Nur77 in T cells has been studied for almost 30 years now. There is a clear appreciation that Nur77 is crucial for apoptosis of self‐reactive T cells. However, the regulation and function of Nur77 in mature T cells remains largely unclear. In an exciting development, Nur77 has been recently demonstrated to impinge on cancer immunotherapy involving chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). These studies indicated that Nur77 deficiency reduced T cell tolerance and exhaustion, thus raising the effectiveness of immune therapy in mice. Based on these novel insights, it may be proposed that regulation of Nur77 activity holds promise for innovative drug development in the field of cellular immunotherapy in cancer. In this review, we therefore summarize the role of Nur77 in T cell selection and maturation; and further develop the idea of targeting its activity in these cells as a potential strategy to augment current cancer immunotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne C Lith
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram W van Os
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom T P Seijkens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Nus M, Basatemur G, Galan M, Cros-Brunsó L, Zhao TX, Masters L, Harrison J, Figg N, Tsiantoulas D, Geissmann F, Binder CJ, Sage AP, Mallat Z. NR4A1 Deletion in Marginal Zone B Cells Exacerbates Atherosclerosis in Mice-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2598-2604. [PMID: 32907369 PMCID: PMC7571845 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. NR4A orphan receptors have been well studied in vascular and myeloid cells where they play important roles in the regulation of inflammation in atherosclerosis. NR4A1 (nerve growth factor IB) is among the most highly induced transcription factors in B cells following BCR (B-cell receptor) stimulation. Given that B cells substantially contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, we examined whether NR4A1 regulates B-cell function during atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Nus
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.).,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (M.N., M.G.)
| | - Gemma Basatemur
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - Maria Galan
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (M.N., M.G.).,Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (M.G.)
| | - Laia Cros-Brunsó
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - Tian X Zhao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - Leanne Masters
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - James Harrison
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - Nichola Figg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Tsiantoulas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (D.T., C.J.B.)
| | | | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (D.T., C.J.B.)
| | - Andrew P Sage
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.N., G.B., L.C.-B., T.X.Z., L.M., J.H., N.F., A.P.S., Z.M.)
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Deficiency of the Transcription Factor NR4A1 Enhances Bacterial Clearance and Prevents Lung Injury During Escherichia Coli Pneumonia. Shock 2020; 51:787-794. [PMID: 29846361 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial pneumonia is one of the most common diagnoses and a leading cause of death in the intensive care unit. NR4A1 is an early response gene that has been identified as a vital regulator of immune and inflammatory responses. This study aims to explore the role of NR4A1 in Escherichia coli (E. coli) pneumonia. METHODS Alveolar macrophages (AMs) were isolated from wild-type (WT) and NR4A1 knock out (Nr4a1) mice, and the NR4A1 expression and phagocytic capacity against E. coli were measured in vitro. WT and Nr4a1 mice were subjected to E. coli or sham pneumonia. Bacterial load, lung injury severity, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytokines were assessed at 0, 4, and 18 h after surgery. Survival rates within 48 h were evaluated in WT and Nr4a1 mice. In addition, NR4A1 antagonist (DIM-C-pPhCO2Me) was also used to confirm the role of NR4A1 in vivo and ex vivo. RESULTS NR4A1 was rapidly induced in AMs at 15 min after E. coli stimulation. Compared with untreated WT AMs, NR4A1 deficiency and DIM-C-pPhCO2Me treatment showed an enhanced phagocytic function (47.72 ± 0.74% vs. 62.3 ± 0.9%, P < 0.001; 11.79 ± 1.21% vs. 30.08 ± 0.79%, P < 0.001, respectively) at 30 min after the E. coli challenge in vitro. NR4A1 deficiency significantly improved the survival rate (33.3% in WT vs. 82.4% in Nr4a1, P < 0.01), which is comparable with DIM-C-pPhCO2Me pretreatment. The survival advantage of Nr4a1 mice was associated with decreased bacterial burden and inflammation and alleviated lung damage. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that NR4A1 impairs the phagocytic capacity of AMs and disrupts the host defense against invading bacteria, worsening the outcome of E. coli pneumonia in mice.
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Wang Q, Chen K, Zhang F, Peng K, Wang Z, Yang D, Yang Y. TRPA1 regulates macrophages phenotype plasticity and atherosclerosis progression. Atherosclerosis 2020; 301:44-53. [PMID: 32325260 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS TRPA1 is a calcium permeable non-selective cation channel, its expression is up-regulated in atherosclerosis plaque, yet its function in macrophages activation is unknown. We sought to establish the role of TRPA1 in inflammatory macrophages activation. METHODS TRPA1-/-ApoE-/- mice and C57BL/6 J control were treated with a high-fat diet (HFD) and the TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde (CIN). Third-order branches of superior aorta of patients and mice were collected. Oil Red O staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to measure atherosclerotic lesions. The RNA-seq was performed to identify TRPA1 function in atherosclerosis. The expression of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) markers was tested by Western blot. In addition, the levels of inflammatory factors were checked by ELISA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR and luciferase reporter gene assays were used to explore if TRPA1 could regulate histone modifications. RESULTS TRPA1-/-ApoE-/- mice showed a significant increase in atherosclerosis plaques compared to ApoE-/- mice after HFD treatment. Conversely, activation of TRPA1 by CIN sharply reduced atherosclerosis progression. Atherosclerosis was associated with a significant change in macrophage polarization toward the M1 proinflammatory phenotype. We found that inhibition of TRPA1 remarkably stimulated M1 marker genes expression, while repressed M2 marker genes expression. The interaction between TRPA1 and Ezh2, a subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2, suppressed the proteasome-dependent degradation of Ezh2. Thus, TRPA1 epigenetically regulated H3K27 trimethylation level in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that TRPA1, up-regulated in atherosclerosis plaque, could regulate the macrophages toward an inflammatory phenotype, thereby modulating atherosclerosis progression. Activation of TRPA1 might serve as an atherosclerosis therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PR China
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, PR China
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PR China
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PR China.
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PR China.
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35
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Abstract
A central feature of atherosclerosis, the most prevalent chronic vascular disease and root cause of myocardial infarction and stroke, is leukocyte accumulation in the arterial wall. These crucial immune cells are produced in specialized niches in the bone marrow, where a complex cell network orchestrates their production and release. A growing body of clinical studies has documented a correlation between leukocyte numbers and cardiovascular disease risk. Understanding how leukocytes are produced and how they contribute to atherosclerosis and its complications is, therefore, critical to understanding and treating the disease. In this review, we focus on the key cells and products that regulate hematopoiesis under homeostatic conditions, during atherosclerosis and after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram C Poller
- From the Center for Systems Biology (W.C.P., M.N., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- From the Center for Systems Biology (W.C.P., M.N., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.,Department of Radiology (M.N., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Filip K Swirski
- From the Center for Systems Biology (W.C.P., M.N., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.,Department of Radiology (M.N., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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36
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Sui Y, Meng Z, Park SH, Lu W, Livelo C, Chen Q, Zhou T, Zhou C. Myeloid-specific deficiency of pregnane X receptor decreases atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:696-706. [PMID: 32170024 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that can be activated by numerous drugs and xenobiotic chemicals. PXR thereby functions as a xenobiotic sensor to coordinately regulate host responses to xenobiotics by transcriptionally regulating many genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. We have previously reported that PXR has pro-atherogenic effects in animal models, but how PXR contributes to atherosclerosis development in different tissues or cell types remains elusive. In this study, we generated an LDL receptor-deficient mouse model with myeloid-specific PXR deficiency (PXRΔMyeLDLR-/-) to elucidate the role of macrophage PXR signaling in atherogenesis. The myeloid PXR deficiency did not affect metabolic phenotypes and plasma lipid profiles, but PXRΔMyeLDLR-/- mice had significantly decreased atherosclerosis at both aortic root and brachiocephalic arteries compared with control littermates. Interestingly, the PXR deletion did not affect macrophage adhesion and migration properties, but reduced lipid accumulation and foam cell formation in the macrophages. PXR deficiency also led to decreased expression of the scavenger receptor CD36 and impaired lipid uptake in macrophages of the PXRΔMyeLDLR-/- mice. Further, RNA-Seq analysis indicated that treatment with a prototypical PXR ligand affects the expression of many atherosclerosis-related genes in macrophages in vitro. These findings reveal a pivotal role of myeloid PXR signaling in atherosclerosis development and suggest that PXR may be a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Sui
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences,University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Zhaojie Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences,University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Se-Hyung Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences,University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Weiwei Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences,University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Christopher Livelo
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Qi Chen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences,University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521. mailto:
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37
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Roberts ME, Barvalia M, Silva JAFD, Cederberg RA, Chu W, Wong A, Tai DC, Chen S, Matos I, Priatel JJ, Cullis PR, Harder KW. Deep Phenotyping by Mass Cytometry and Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals LYN-Regulated Signaling Profiles Underlying Monocyte Subset Heterogeneity and Lifespan. Circ Res 2020; 126:e61-e79. [PMID: 32151196 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Monocytes are key effectors of the mononuclear phagocyte system, playing critical roles in regulating tissue homeostasis and coordinating inflammatory reactions, including those involved in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Monocytes have traditionally been divided into 2 major subsets termed conventional monocytes and patrolling monocytes (pMo) but recent systems immunology approaches have identified marked heterogeneity within these cells, and much of what regulates monocyte population homeostasis remains unknown. We and others have previously identified LYN tyrosine kinase as a key negative regulator of myeloid cell biology; however, LYN's role in regulating specific monocyte subset homeostasis has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE We sought to comprehensively profile monocytes to elucidate the underlying heterogeneity within monocytes and dissect how Lyn deficiency affects monocyte subset composition, signaling, and gene expression. We further tested the biological significance of these findings in a model of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Mass cytometric analysis of monocyte subsets and signaling pathway activation patterns in conventional monocytes and pMos revealed distinct baseline signaling profiles and far greater heterogeneity than previously described. Lyn deficiency led to a selective expansion of pMos and alterations in specific signaling pathways within these cells, revealing a critical role for LYN in pMo physiology. LYN's role in regulating pMos was cell-intrinsic and correlated with an increased circulating half-life of Lyn-deficient pMos. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed marked perturbations in the gene expression profiles of Lyn-/- monocytes with upregulation of genes involved in pMo development, survival, and function. Lyn deficiency also led to a significant increase in aorta-associated pMos and protected Ldlr-/- mice from high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Together our data identify LYN as a key regulator of pMo development and a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases regulated by pMos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Roberts
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maunish Barvalia
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jessica A F D Silva
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rachel A Cederberg
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William Chu
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amanda Wong
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Daven C Tai
- Department of Pediatrics (D.C.T.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada (D.C.T., J.J.P.)
| | - Sam Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.C., P.R.C.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Israel Matos
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John J Priatel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.J.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada (D.C.T., J.J.P.)
| | - Pieter R Cullis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.C., P.R.C.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kenneth W Harder
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Sun D, Zhang M, Sun P, Liu G, Strickland AB, Chen Y, Fu Y, Yosri M, Shi M. VCAM1/VLA4 interaction mediates Ly6Clow monocyte recruitment to the brain in a TNFR signaling dependent manner during fungal infection. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008361. [PMID: 32101593 PMCID: PMC7062284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes exist in two major populations, termed Ly6Chi and Ly6Clow monocytes. Compared to Ly6Chi monocytes, less is known about Ly6Clow monocyte recruitment and mechanisms involved in the recruitment of this subset. Furthermore, the role of Ly6Clow monocytes during infections is largely unknown. Here, using intravital microscopy, we demonstrate that Ly6Clow monocytes are predominantly recruited to the brain vasculature following intravenous infection with Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal pathogen causing meningoencephalitis. The recruitment depends primarily on the interaction of VCAM1 expressed on the brain endothelium with VLA4 expressed on Ly6Clow monocytes. Furthermore, TNFR signaling is essential for the recruitment through enhancing VLA4 expression on Ly6Clow monocytes. Interestingly, the recruited Ly6Clow monocytes internalized C. neoformans and carried the organism while crawling on and adhering to the luminal wall of brain vasculature and migrating to the brain parenchyma. Our study reveals a substantial recruitment of Ly6Clow monocytes to the brain and highlights important properties of this subset during infection. Monocytes are white blood cells, circulating in the bloodstream and playing important roles during infections. There are two subsets of monocytes in mice: Ly6Chi and Ly6Clow monocytes. In contrast to the recruitment of Ly6Chi monocytes shown in other infection models, we observed the predominant recruitment of Ly6Clow monocytes to the brain post-capillary venules during intravenous infection with C. neoformans, a fungal pathogen causing brain infection. The recruitment is mainly mediated by the interaction of VCAM1 and VLA4, which are expressed on the brain endothelium and monocytes, respectively. We further demonstrate that TNFR signaling plays an essential role during Ly6Clow monocyte recruitment through enhancing VLA4 expression on monocytes. We also observed that Ly6Clow monocytes internalize C. neoformans and, together with the ingested organism, crawl along the luminal wall of brain vasculatures and migrate to the brain parenchyma. Thus, VCAM1/VLA4 interaction mediates Ly6Clow monocyte recruitment to the brain in a TNFR signaling dependent manner during fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Sun
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mingshun Zhang
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peng Sun
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gongguan Liu
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ashley B. Strickland
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yanli Chen
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yong Fu
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Yosri
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Meiqing Shi
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Moreira JD, Koch BEV, van Veen S, Walburg KV, Vrieling F, Mara Pinto Dabés Guimarães T, Meijer AH, Spaink HP, Ottenhoff THM, Haks MC, Heemskerk MT. Functional Inhibition of Host Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) Enhances in vitro and in vivo Anti-mycobacterial Activity in Human Macrophages and in Zebrafish. Front Immunol 2020; 11:36. [PMID: 32117228 PMCID: PMC7008710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and persistent increase of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections poses increasing global problems in combatting tuberculosis (TB), prompting for the development of alternative strategies including host-directed therapy (HDT). Since Mtb is an intracellular pathogen with a remarkable ability to manipulate host intracellular signaling pathways to escape from host defense, pharmacological reprogramming of the immune system represents a novel, potentially powerful therapeutic strategy that should be effective also against drug-resistant Mtb. Here, we found that host-pathogen interactions in Mtb-infected primary human macrophages affected host epigenetic features by modifying histone deacetylase (HDAC) transcriptomic levels. In addition, broad spectrum inhibition of HDACs enhanced the antimicrobial response of both pro-inflammatory macrophages (Mϕ1) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (Mϕ2), while selective inhibition of class IIa HDACs mainly decreased bacterial outgrowth in Mϕ2. Moreover, chemical inhibition of HDAC activity during differentiation polarized macrophages into a more bactericidal phenotype with a concomitant decrease in the secretion levels of inflammatory cytokines. Importantly, in vivo chemical inhibition of HDAC activity in Mycobacterium marinum-infected zebrafish embryos, a well-characterized animal model for tuberculosis, significantly reduced mycobacterial burden, validating our in vitro findings in primary human macrophages. Collectively, these data identify HDACs as druggable host targets for HDT against intracellular Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jôsimar D Moreira
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bjørn E V Koch
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van Veen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Kimberley V Walburg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frank Vrieling
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Tânia Mara Pinto Dabés Guimarães
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Herman P Spaink
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle C Haks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Matthias T Heemskerk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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40
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Koenis DS, Medzikovic L, van Loenen PB, van Weeghel M, Huveneers S, Vos M, Evers-van Gogh IJ, Van den Bossche J, Speijer D, Kim Y, Wessels L, Zelcer N, Zwart W, Kalkhoven E, de Vries CJ. Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Limits the Macrophage Inflammatory Response through Transcriptional Reprogramming of Mitochondrial Metabolism. Cell Rep 2020; 24:2127-2140.e7. [PMID: 30134173 PMCID: PMC6113932 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of macrophages by inflammatory stimuli induces reprogramming of mitochondrial metabolism to support the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide. Hallmarks of this metabolic rewiring are downregulation of α-ketoglutarate formation by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and accumulation of glutamine-derived succinate, which enhances the inflammatory response via the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Here, we identify the nuclear receptor Nur77 (Nr4a1) as a key upstream transcriptional regulator of this pro-inflammatory metabolic switch in macrophages. Nur77-deficient macrophages fail to downregulate IDH expression and accumulate higher levels of succinate and other TCA cycle-derived metabolites in response to inflammatory stimulation in a glutamine-independent manner. Consequently, these macrophages produce more nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines in an SDH-dependent manner. In vivo, bone marrow Nur77 deficiency exacerbates atherosclerosis development and leads to increased circulating succinate levels. In summary, Nur77 induces an anti-inflammatory metabolic state in macrophages that protects against chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Genome-wide profiling indicates that Nur77 regulates macrophage mitochondrial metabolism Nur77 inhibits IDH expression and TCA cycle activity in inflammatory macrophages Nur77-deficient macrophages produce more nitric oxide and cytokines via SDH Nur77 deficiency increases circulating succinate levels and atherosclerosis in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Duco Steven Koenis
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Lejla Medzikovic
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Bas van Loenen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska Vos
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Johanna Evers-van Gogh
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Dave Speijer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Kalkhoven
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Carlie Jacoba de Vries
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
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41
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Hamers AAJ, Dinh HQ, Thomas GD, Marcovecchio P, Blatchley A, Nakao CS, Kim C, McSkimming C, Taylor AM, Nguyen AT, McNamara CA, Hedrick CC. Human Monocyte Heterogeneity as Revealed by High-Dimensional Mass Cytometry. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:25-36. [PMID: 30580568 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective- Three distinct human monocyte subsets have been identified based on the surface marker expression of CD14 and CD16. We hypothesized that monocytes were likely more heterogeneous in composition. Approach and Results- We used the high dimensionality of mass cytometry together with the FlowSOM clustering algorithm to accurately identify and define monocyte subsets in blood of healthy human subjects and those with coronary artery disease (CAD). To study the behavior and functionality of the newly defined monocyte subsets, we performed RNA sequencing, transwell migration, and efferocytosis assays. Here, we identify 8 human monocyte subsets based on their surface marker phenotype. We found that 3 of these subsets fall within the CD16+ nonclassical monocyte population and 4 subsets belong to the CD14+ classical monocytes, illustrating significant monocyte heterogeneity in humans. As nonclassical monocytes are important in modulating atherosclerosis in mice, we studied the functions of our 3 newly identified nonclassical monocytes in subjects with CAD. We found a marked expansion of a Slan+CXCR6+ nonclassical monocyte subset in CAD subjects, which was positively correlated with CAD severity. This nonclassical subset can migrate towards CXCL16 and shows an increased efferocytosis capacity, indicating it may play an atheroprotective role. Conclusions- Our data demonstrate that human nonclassical monocytes are a heterogeneous population, existing of several subsets with functional differences. These subsets have changed frequencies in the setting of severe CAD. Understanding how these newly identified subsets modulate CAD will be important for CAD-based therapies that target myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk A J Hamers
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
| | - Huy Q Dinh
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
| | - Graham D Thomas
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
| | - Paola Marcovecchio
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
| | - Amy Blatchley
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
| | - Catherine S Nakao
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
| | - Cheryl Kim
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, CA (C.K.)
| | - Chantel McSkimming
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (C.M., A.M.T., A.T.N., C.A.M.)
| | - Angela M Taylor
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (C.M., A.M.T., A.T.N., C.A.M.)
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (C.M., A.M.T., A.T.N., C.A.M.)
| | - Coleen A McNamara
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (C.M., A.M.T., A.T.N., C.A.M.)
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- From the Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (A.A.J.H., H.Q.D., G.D.T., P.M., A.B., C.S.N., C.C.H.)
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42
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van der Vorst EPC, Weber C. Novel Features of Monocytes and Macrophages in Cardiovascular Biology and Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e30-e37. [PMID: 30673349 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiel P C van der Vorst
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (E.P.C.v.d.V., C.W.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (E.P.C.v.d.V., C.W.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (C.W.).,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands (C.W.)
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43
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Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), which encompasses coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and aortic atherosclerosis. In each vascular bed, macrophages contribute to the maintenance of the local inflammatory response, propagate plaque development, and promote thrombosis. These central roles, coupled with their plasticity, makes macrophages attractive therapeutic targets in stemming the development of and stabilizing existing atherosclerosis. In the context of ASCVD, classically activated M1 macrophages initiate and sustain inflammation, and alternatively activated M2 macrophages resolve inflammation. However, this classification is now considered an oversimplification, and a greater understanding of plaque macrophage physiology in ASCVD is required to aid in the development of therapeutics to promote ASCVD regression. Reviewed herein are the macrophage phenotypes and molecular regulators characteristic of ASCVD regression, and the current murine models of ASCVD regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J. Barrett
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University
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44
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Mirchi LF, Chylíková B, Janků M, Šeda O, Liška F. Transcriptomic analysis of left ventricle myocardium in an SHR congenic line with ameliorated cardiac fibrosis. Physiol Res 2019; 68:747-755. [PMID: 31424260 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome and one of its manifestations, essential hypertension, is an important cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. Morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension are caused by organ complications. Previously we revealed a decrease of blood pressure and an amelioration of cardiac fibrosis in a congenic line of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), in which a short segment of chromosome 8 (encompassing only 7 genes) was exchanged for a segment of normotensive polydactylous (PD) origin. To unravel the genetic background of this phenotype we compared heart transcriptomes between SHR rat males and this chromosome 8 minimal congenic line (PD5). We found 18 differentially expressed genes, which were further analyzed using annotations from Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Four of the differentially expressed genes (Per1, Nr4a1, Nr4a3, Kcna5) belong to circadian rhythm pathways, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and potassium homeostasis. We were also able to confirm Nr4a1 2.8x-fold upregulation in PD5 on protein level using Western blotting, thus suggesting a possible role of Nr4a1 in pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Mirchi
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
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45
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NR4A1 regulates cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury by regulating neuroinflammation through interaction with NF-κB/p65. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:59-65. [PMID: 31445702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is reported as a leading cause of mortality and disability in the world. Neuroinflammation is significantly induced responding to ischemic stroke, and this process is accompanied with microglial activation. However, the pathogenesis contributing to ischemic stroke remains unclear. NR4A1 (Nur77) is a nuclear receptor that is expressed in macrophages, playing a significant role in regulating inflammatory response. In the present study, we attempted to explore the effects of NR4A1 on ischemic stroke using in vivo and in vitro studies. Results suggested that NR4A1 expression in microglia was markedly increased after cerebral ischemic damage. Then, we found that NR4A1 knockout attenuated ischemia-triggered infarction volume and neuron injury. Also, cognitive impairments were improved in ischemic mice with NR4A1 deficiency, resulting in functional improvements. Moreover, M1 polarization in microglia and neutrophil recruitment was significantly alleviated by NR4A1 deletion, as evidenced by the reduced expression of M1 markers, chemokines, as well as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. Importantly, we found that NR4A1 could interact with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 based on in vivo and in vitro results. Suppressing p65 activation by the use of its inhibitor clearly reduced the NR4A1 expression, M1 polarization and neutrophil recruitments, while rescued the expression of anti-inflammatory factors in microglia treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Therefore, NR4A1 suppression in microglia restrained neuroinflammation through interacting with NF-κB/p65 to attenuate ischemic stroke.
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46
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Flynn MC, Pernes G, Lee MKS, Nagareddy PR, Murphy AJ. Monocytes, Macrophages, and Metabolic Disease in Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:666. [PMID: 31249530 PMCID: PMC6584106 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease, in which macrophages are responsible for taking up these lipids and driving disease progression. Over the years, we and others have uncovered key pathways that regulate macrophage number/function and identified how metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity, which are common risk factors for CVD, exacerbate these pathways. This ultimately accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis and hinders atherosclerotic regression. In this review, we discuss the different types of macrophages, from monocyte-derived macrophages, local macrophage proliferation, to macrophage-like vascular smooth muscle cells, that contribute to atherosclerosis as well as myeloid-derived suppressor cells that may have anti-atherogenic effects. We will also discuss how diabetes and obesity influence plaque macrophage accumulation and monocyte production (myelopoiesis) to promote atherogenesis as well as an exciting therapeutic target, S100A8/A9, which mediates myelopoiesis in response to both diabetes and obesity, shown to be effective in reducing atherosclerosis in pre-clinical models of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Flynn
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerard Pernes
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Man Kit Sam Lee
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Prabhakara R Nagareddy
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Watanabe S, Alexander M, Misharin AV, Budinger GRS. The role of macrophages in the resolution of inflammation. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2619-2628. [PMID: 31107246 DOI: 10.1172/jci124615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are tissue-resident or infiltrated immune cells critical for innate immunity, normal tissue development, homeostasis, and repair of damaged tissue. Macrophage function is a sum of their ontogeny, the local environment in which they reside, and the type of injuries or pathogen to which they are exposed. In this Review, we discuss the role of macrophages in the restoration of tissue function after injury, highlighting important questions about how they respond to and modify the local microenvironment to restore homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Watanabe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Michael Alexander
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander V Misharin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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48
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Narasimhan PB, Marcovecchio P, Hamers AA, Hedrick CC. Nonclassical Monocytes in Health and Disease. Annu Rev Immunol 2019; 37:439-456. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are innate blood cells that maintain vascular homeostasis and are early responders to pathogens in acute infections. There are three well-characterized classes of monocytes: classical (CD14+CD16−in humans and Ly6Chiin mice), intermediate (CD14+CD16+in humans and Ly6C+Treml4+in mice), and nonclassical (CD14−CD16+in humans and Ly6Cloin mice). Classical monocytes are critical for the initial inflammatory response. Classical monocytes can differentiate into macrophages in tissue and can contribute to chronic disease. Nonclassical monocytes have been widely viewed as anti-inflammatory, as they maintain vascular homeostasis. They are a first line of defense in recognition and clearance of pathogens. However, their roles in chronic disease are less clear. They have been shown to be protective as well as positively associated with disease burden. This review focuses on the state of the monocyte biology field and the functions of monocytes, particularly nonclassical monocytes, in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Babu Narasimhan
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;, , ,
| | - Paola Marcovecchio
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;, , ,
| | - Anouk A.J. Hamers
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;, , ,
| | - Catherine C. Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;, , ,
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49
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Meeuwsen JAL, de Vries JJ, van Duijvenvoorde A, van der Velden S, van der Laan SW, van Koeverden ID, van de Weg SM, de Borst GJ, de Winther MPJ, Kuiper J, Pasterkamp G, Hoefer IE, de Jager SCA. Circulating CD14 +CD16 - classical monocytes do not associate with a vulnerable plaque phenotype, and do not predict secondary events in severe atherosclerotic patients. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 127:260-269. [PMID: 30629987 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mouse studies have established distinct monocyte subtypes that participate in the process of atherosclerotic lesion formation. The pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocyte subtype actively contributes to murine plaque progression and destabilization. Also in humans, different peripheral monocyte subtypes have been identified, of which the CD14+CD16- classical monocyte is suggested to display similar pro-atherosclerotic properties as the murine Ly6Chigh subtype. We aimed to investigate if circulating CD14+CD16- classical monocytes associate with characteristics of a vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic plaque and if they associate with the risk of secondary adverse manifestations of atherosclerotic disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 175 carotid endarterectomy patients of the Athero-Express biobank in our study. Just prior to surgical procedure, blood was collected and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated. Characterization of monocyte subsets was performed by flow cytometry. Plaque characteristics were semi-quantitatively scored for the presence of fat, collagen, intraplaque hemorrhage and calcification. Vessel density, smooth muscle cells and macrophages were assessed quantitatively on a continuous scale. All features of a vulnerable plaque phenotype, including low amounts of collagen and smooth muscle cells, and increased fat content, vessel density, intraplaque hemorrhage and plaque macrophages were not significantly associated with differential levels of peripheral classical CD14+CD16- monocytes or other monocyte subsets. Using Cox regression models to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating monocyte subtypes, we found that total counts of peripheral monocytes, as well as CD14+CD16- classical and other monocyte subtypes were not associated with the risk of secondary cardiovascular events during 3 years follow-up. CONCLUSION Circulating classical CD14+CD16- monocytes do not associate with specific vulnerable plaque characteristics. In addition, they do not predict secondary adverse manifestations. This suggests that in patients with established carotid artery disease, the circulating monocytes do not reflect plaque characteristics and have no value in identifying patients at risk for future cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A L Meeuwsen
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith J de Vries
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Amerik van Duijvenvoorde
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia van der Velden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ian D van Koeverden
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sander M van de Weg
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert J de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Imo E Hoefer
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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50
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Abstract
Research during the last decade has generated numerous insights on the presence, phenotype, and function of myeloid cells in cardiovascular organs. Newer tools with improved detection sensitivities revealed sizable populations of tissue-resident macrophages in all major healthy tissues. The heart and blood vessels contain robust numbers of these cells; for instance, 8% of noncardiomyocytes in the heart are macrophages. This number and the cell's phenotype change dramatically in disease conditions. While steady-state macrophages are mostly monocyte independent, macrophages residing in the inflamed vascular wall and the diseased heart derive from hematopoietic organs. In this review, we will highlight signals that regulate macrophage supply and function, imaging applications that can detect changes in cell numbers and phenotype, and opportunities to modulate cardiovascular inflammation by targeting macrophage biology. We strive to provide a systems-wide picture, i.e., to focus not only on cardiovascular organs but also on tissues involved in regulating cell supply and phenotype, as well as comorbidities that promote cardiovascular disease. We will summarize current developments at the intersection of immunology, detection technology, and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Frodermann
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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