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Kwartler CS, Pinelo JEE. Use of iPSC-Derived Smooth Muscle Cells to Model Physiology and Pathology. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1523-1536. [PMID: 38695171 PMCID: PMC11209779 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models has introduced an additional tool for identifying molecular mechanisms of disease that complement animal models. Patient-derived or CRISPR/Cas9-edited induced pluripotent stem cells differentiated into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) have been leveraged to discover novel mechanisms, screen potential therapeutic strategies, and model in vivo development. The field has evolved over almost 15 years of research using hiPSC-SMCs and has made significant strides toward overcoming initial challenges such as the lineage specificity of SMC phenotypes. However, challenges both specific (eg, the lack of specific markers to thoroughly validate hiPSC-SMCs) and general (eg, a lack of transparency and consensus around methodology in the field) remain. In this review, we highlight the recent successes and remaining challenges of the hiPSC-SMC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie S. Kwartler
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jose Emiliano Esparza Pinelo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
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2
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Franklin MK, Sawada H, Ito S, Howatt DA, Amioka N, Liang CL, Zhang N, Graf DB, Moorleghen JJ, Katsumata Y, Lu HS, Daugherty A. β-Aminopropionitrile Induces Distinct Pathologies in the Ascending and Descending Thoracic Aortic Regions of Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1555-1569. [PMID: 38779856 PMCID: PMC11209774 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) is a pharmacological inhibitor of LOX (lysyl oxidase) and LOXLs (LOX-like proteins). Administration of BAPN promotes aortopathies, although there is a paucity of data on experimental conditions to generate pathology. The objective of this study was to define experimental parameters and determine whether equivalent or variable aortopathies were generated throughout the aortic tree during BAPN administration in mice. METHODS BAPN was administered in drinking water for a period ranging from 1 to 12 weeks. The impacts of BAPN were first assessed with regard to BAPN dose, and mouse strain, age, and sex. BAPN-induced aortic pathological characterization was conducted using histology and immunostaining. To investigate the mechanistic basis of regional heterogeneity, the ascending and descending thoracic aortas were harvested after 1 week of BAPN administration before the appearance of overt pathology. RESULTS BAPN-induced aortic rupture predominantly occurred or originated in the descending thoracic aorta in young C57BL/6J or N mice. No apparent differences were found between male and female mice. For mice surviving 12 weeks of BAPN administration, profound dilatation was consistently observed in the ascending region, while there were more heterogeneous changes in the descending thoracic region. Pathological features were distinct between the ascending and descending thoracic regions. Aortic pathology in the ascending region was characterized by luminal dilatation and elastic fiber disruption throughout the media. The descending thoracic region frequently had dissections with false lumen formation, collagen deposition, and remodeling of the wall surrounding the false lumen. Cells surrounding the false lumen were predominantly positive for α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin). One week of BAPN administration compromised contractile properties in both regions equivalently, and RNA sequencing did not show obvious differences between the 2 aortic regions in smooth muscle cell markers, cell proliferation markers, and extracellular components. CONCLUSIONS BAPN-induced pathologies show distinct, heterogeneous features within and between ascending and descending aortic regions in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aminopropionitrile/toxicity
- Aminopropionitrile/pharmacology
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Female
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Disease Models, Animal
- Aortic Rupture/chemically induced
- Aortic Rupture/pathology
- Aortic Rupture/metabolism
- Aortic Rupture/prevention & control
- Mice
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
- Dilatation, Pathologic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Age Factors
- Time Factors
- Sex Factors
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Sohei Ito
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Deborah A. Howatt
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Naofumi Amioka
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Ching-Ling Liang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Nancy Zhang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - David B. Graf
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Yuriko Katsumata
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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3
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Dubacher N, Sugiyama K, Smith JD, Nussbaumer V, Csonka M, Ferenczi S, Kovács KJ, Caspar SM, Lamberti L, Meienberg J, Yanagisawa H, Sheppard MB, Matyas G. Novel Insights into the Aortic Mechanical Properties of Mice Modeling Hereditary Aortic Diseases. Thromb Haemost 2024. [PMID: 38950604 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hereditary aortic diseases (hADs) increase the risk of aortic dissections and ruptures. Recently, we have established an objective approach to measure the rupture force of the murine aorta, thereby explaining the outcomes of clinical studies and assessing the added value of approved drugs in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS). Here, we applied our approach to six additional mouse hAD models. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used two mouse models (Fbn1C1041G and Fbn1mgR ) of Marfan syndrome (MFS) as well as one smooth-muscle-cell-specific knockout (SMKO) of Efemp2 and three CRISPR/Cas9-engineered knock-in models (Ltbp1, Mfap4, and Timp1). One of the two MFS models was subjected to 4-week-long losartan treatment. Per mouse, three rings of the thoracic aorta were prepared, mounted on a tissue puller, and uniaxially stretched until rupture. RESULTS The aortic rupture force of the SMKO and both MFS models was significantly lower compared with wild-type mice but in both MFS models higher than in mice modeling vEDS. In contrast, the Ltbp1, Mfap4, and Timp1 knock-in models presented no impaired aortic integrity. As expected, losartan treatment reduced aneurysm formation but surprisingly had no impact on the aortic rupture force of our MFS mice. CONCLUSION Our read-out system can characterize the aortic biomechanical integrity of mice modeling not only vEDS but also related hADs, allowing the aortic-rupture-force-focused comparison of mouse models. Furthermore, aneurysm progression alone may not be a sufficient read-out for aortic rupture, as antihypertensive drugs reducing aortic dilatation might not strengthen the weakened aortic wall. Our results may enable identification of improved medical therapies of hADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolo Dubacher
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
- Translational Cardiovascular Technologies, Department of Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kaori Sugiyama
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jeffrey D Smith
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Vanessa Nussbaumer
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Máté Csonka
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilamér Ferenczi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina J Kovács
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sylvan M Caspar
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Lamberti
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janine Meienberg
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hiromi Yanagisawa
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mary B Sheppard
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Gabor Matyas
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Swiss Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Czerny M, Grabenwöger M, Berger T, Aboyans V, Della Corte A, Chen EP, Desai ND, Dumfarth J, Elefteriades JA, Etz CD, Kim KM, Kreibich M, Lescan M, Di Marco L, Martens A, Mestres CA, Milojevic M, Nienaber CA, Piffaretti G, Preventza O, Quintana E, Rylski B, Schlett CL, Schoenhoff F, Trimarchi S, Tsagakis K, Siepe M, Estrera AL, Bavaria JE, Pacini D, Okita Y, Evangelista A, Harrington KB, Kachroo P, Hughes GC. EACTS/STS Guidelines for Diagnosing and Treating Acute and Chronic Syndromes of the Aortic Organ. Ann Thorac Surg 2024; 118:5-115. [PMID: 38416090 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Czerny
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Grabenwöger
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria; Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tim Berger
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Victor Aboyans
- Department of Cardiology, Dupuytren-2 University Hospital, Limoges, France; EpiMaCT, Inserm 1094 & IRD 270, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Alessandro Della Corte
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Cardiac Surgery Unit, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Edward P Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nimesh D Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia Dumfarth
- University Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - John A Elefteriades
- Aortic Institute at Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christian D Etz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Karen M Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The University of Texas at Austin/Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Maximilian Kreibich
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mario Lescan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luca Di Marco
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas Martens
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany; The Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Carlos A Mestres
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and the Robert WM Frater Cardiovascular Research Centre, The University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Milan Milojevic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiovascular Research, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Christoph A Nienaber
- Division of Cardiology at the Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Piffaretti
- Vascular Surgery Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria School of Medicine, Varese, Italy
| | - Ourania Preventza
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Eduard Quintana
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bartosz Rylski
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Schoenhoff
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Santi Trimarchi
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Tsagakis
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Siepe
- EACTS Review Coordinator; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anthony L Estrera
- STS Review Coordinator; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph E Bavaria
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Davide Pacini
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, S. Orsola University Hospital, IRCCS Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yutaka Okita
- Cardio-Aortic Center, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Arturo Evangelista
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Instituto del Corazón, Quirónsalud-Teknon, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katherine B Harrington
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor Scott and White The Heart Hospital, Plano, Texas
| | - Puja Kachroo
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - G Chad Hughes
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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5
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Phua DY, Sun X, Alushin GM. Force-activated zyxin assemblies coordinate actin nucleation and crosslinking to orchestrate stress fiber repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.594765. [PMID: 38798419 PMCID: PMC11118565 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.594765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
As the cytoskeleton sustains cell and tissue forces, it incurs physical damage that must be repaired to maintain mechanical homeostasis. The LIM-domain protein zyxin detects force-induced ruptures in actin-myosin stress fibers, coordinating downstream repair factors to restore stress fiber integrity through unclear mechanisms. Here, we reconstitute stress fiber repair with purified proteins, uncovering detailed links between zyxin's force-regulated binding interactions and cytoskeletal dynamics. In addition to binding individual tensed actin filaments (F-actin), zyxin's LIM domains form force-dependent assemblies that bridge broken filament fragments. Zyxin assemblies engage repair factors through multi-valent interactions, coordinating nucleation of new F-actin by VASP and its crosslinking into aligned bundles by ɑ-actinin. Through these combined activities, stress fiber repair initiates within the cores of micron-scale damage sites in cells, explaining how these F-actin depleted regions are rapidly restored. Thus, zyxin's force-dependent organization of actin repair machinery inherently operates at the network scale to maintain cytoskeletal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan Y.Z. Phua
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory M. Alushin
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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Hao L, Ya X, Wu J, Tao C, Ma R, Zheng Z, Mou S, Ling Y, Yang Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Lin Q, Zhao J. Somatic PDGFRB activating variants promote smooth muscle cell phenotype modulation in intracranial fusiform aneurysm. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:51. [PMID: 38741091 PMCID: PMC11092182 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fusiform aneurysm is a nonsaccular dilatation affecting the entire vessel wall over a short distance. Although PDGFRB somatic variants have been identified in fusiform intracranial aneurysms, the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving fusiform intracranial aneurysms due to PDGFRB somatic variants remain poorly understood. METHODS In this study, single-cell sequencing and immunofluorescence were employed to investigate the phenotypic changes in smooth muscle cells within fusiform intracranial aneurysms. Whole-exome sequencing revealed the presence of PDGFRB gene mutations in fusiform intracranial aneurysms. Subsequent immunoprecipitation experiments further explored the functional alterations of these mutated PDGFRB proteins. For the common c.1684 mutation site of PDGFRβ, we established mutant smooth muscle cell lines and zebrafish models. These models allowed us to simulate the effects of PDGFRB mutations. We explored the major downstream cellular pathways affected by PDGFRBY562D mutations and evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of Ruxolitinib. RESULTS Single-cell sequencing of two fusiform intracranial aneurysms sample revealed downregulated smooth muscle cell markers and overexpression of inflammation-related markers in vascular smooth muscle cells, which was validated by immunofluorescence staining, indicating smooth muscle cell phenotype modulation is involved in fusiform aneurysm. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on seven intracranial aneurysms (six fusiform and one saccular) and PDGFRB somatic mutations were detected in four fusiform aneurysms. Laser microdissection and Sanger sequencing results indicated that the PDGFRB mutations were present in smooth muscle layer. For the c.1684 (chr5: 149505131) site mutation reported many times, further cell experiments showed that PDGFRBY562D mutations promoted inflammatory-related vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype and JAK-STAT pathway played a crucial role in the process. Notably, transfection of PDGFRBY562D in zebrafish embryos resulted in cerebral vascular anomalies. Ruxolitinib, the JAK inhibitor, could reversed the smooth muscle cells phenotype modulation in vitro and inhibit the vascular anomalies in zebrafish induced by PDGFRB mutation. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that PDGFRB somatic variants played a role in regulating smooth muscle cells phenotype modulation in fusiform aneurysms and offered a potential therapeutic option for fusiform aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
- Joint Laboratory of School of Pharmacy, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Nervous System Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Ya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
- Joint Laboratory of School of Pharmacy, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Nervous System Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaye Wu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuming Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ruochen Ma
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, InnoHK, HKSAR, China
| | - Zhiyao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Siqi Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiming Ling
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingxi Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiguang Wang
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, InnoHK, HKSAR, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Qing Lin
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Joint Laboratory of School of Pharmacy, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Nervous System Diseases, Beijing, China.
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7
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Sharma S, Kishen A. Bioarchitectural Design of Bioactive Biopolymers: Structure-Function Paradigm for Diabetic Wound Healing. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:275. [PMID: 38786486 PMCID: PMC11117869 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9050275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers are a major complication in diabetes caused by hyperglycemia, prolonged inflammation, high oxidative stress, and bacterial bioburden. Bioactive biopolymers have been found to have a biological response in wound tissue microenvironments and are used for developing advanced tissue engineering strategies to enhance wound healing. These biopolymers possess innate bioactivity and are biodegradable, with favourable mechanical properties. However, their bioactivity is highly dependent on their structural properties, which need to be carefully considered while developing wound healing strategies. Biopolymers such as alginate, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and collagen have previously been used in wound healing solutions but the modulation of structural/physico-chemical properties for differential bioactivity have not been the prime focus. Factors such as molecular weight, degree of polymerization, amino acid sequences, and hierarchical structures can have a spectrum of immunomodulatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant properties that could determine the fate of the wound. The current narrative review addresses the structure-function relationship in bioactive biopolymers for promoting healing in chronic wounds with emphasis on diabetic ulcers. This review highlights the need for characterization of the biopolymers under research while designing biomaterials to maximize the inherent bioactive potency for better tissue regeneration outcomes, especially in the context of diabetic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Sharma
- The Kishen Lab, Dental Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada;
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Anil Kishen
- The Kishen Lab, Dental Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada;
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
- Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
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8
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Franklin MK, Sawada H, Ito S, Howatt DA, Amioka N, Liang CL, Zhang N, Graf DB, Moorleghen JJ, Katsumata Y, Lu HS, Daugherty A. β-aminopropionitrile Induces Distinct Pathologies in the Ascending and Descending Thoracic Aortic Regions of Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.22.563474. [PMID: 37886537 PMCID: PMC10602045 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.22.563474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) is a pharmacological inhibitor of lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase-like proteins. Administration of BAPN promotes aortopathies, although there is a paucity of data on experimental conditions to generate pathology. The objective of this study was to define experimental parameters and determine whether equivalent or variable aortopathies were generated throughout the aortic tree during BAPN administration in mice. METHODS BAPN was administered in drinking water for a period ranging from 1 to 12 weeks. The impacts of BAPN were first assessed with regard to dose, strain, age, and sex. BAPN-induced aortic pathological characterization was conducted using histology and immunostaining. To investigate the mechanistic basis of regional heterogeneity, ascending and descending thoracic aortas were harvested after one week of BAPN administration before the appearance of overt pathology. RESULTS BAPN-induced aortic rupture predominantly occurred or originated in the descending thoracic aorta in young C57BL/6J or N mice. No apparent differences were found between male and female mice. For mice surviving 12 weeks of BAPN administration, profound dilatation was consistently observed in the ascending region, while there were more heterogeneous changes in the descending thoracic region. Pathological features were distinct between the ascending and descending thoracic regions. Aortic pathology in the ascending region was characterized by luminal dilatation and elastic fiber disruption throughout the media. The descending thoracic region frequently had dissections with false lumen formation, collagen deposition, and remodeling of the wall surrounding the false lumen. Cells surrounding the false lumen were predominantly positive for α-smooth muscle actin. One week of BAPN administration compromised contractile properties in both regions equivalently, and RNA sequencing did not show obvious differences between the two aortic regions in smooth muscle cell markers, cell proliferation markers, and extracellular components. CONCLUSIONS BAPN-induced pathologies show distinct, heterogeneous features within and between ascending and descending aortic regions in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Sohei Ito
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Deborah A. Howatt
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Naofumi Amioka
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Ching-Ling Liang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Nancy Zhang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - David B. Graf
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Yuriko Katsumata
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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9
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Mills AC, Sandhu HK, Ikeno Y, Tanaka A. Heritable thoracic aortic disease: a literature review on genetic aortopathies and current surgical management. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72:293-304. [PMID: 38480670 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-024-02017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Heritable thoracic aortic disease puts patients at risk for aortic aneurysms, rupture, and dissections. The diagnosis and management of this heterogenous patient population continues to evolve. Last year, the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee published diagnosis and management guidelines for aortic disease, which included those with genetic aortopathies. Additionally, evolving research studying the implications of underlying genetic aberrations with new genetic testing continues to become available. In this review, we evaluate the current literature surrounding the diagnosis and management of heritable thoracic aortic disease, as well as novel therapeutic approaches and future directions of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Mills
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, 6400 Fannin St., Ste. #2850, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Harleen K Sandhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, 6400 Fannin St., Ste. #2850, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuki Ikeno
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, 6400 Fannin St., Ste. #2850, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Akiko Tanaka
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, 6400 Fannin St., Ste. #2850, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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10
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Klessinger D, Mamazhakypov A, Glaeser S, Emig R, Peyronnet R, Meier L, Proelss K, Marenne K, Smolka C, Grundmann S, Pankratz F, Esser PR, Moser M, Zhou Q, Esser JS. Divergent and Compensatory Effects of BMP2 and BMP4 on the VSMC Phenotype and BMP4's Role in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Development. Cells 2024; 13:735. [PMID: 38727271 PMCID: PMC11083443 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a key role in aortic aneurysm formation. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been implicated as important regulators of VSMC phenotype, and dysregulation of the BMP pathway has been shown to be associated with vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time the effects of BMP-4 on the VSMC phenotype and to understand its role in the development of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). Using the angiotensin II (AngII) osmotic pump model in mice, aortas from mice with VSMC-specific BMP-4 deficiency showed changes similar to AngII-infused aortas, characterised by a loss of contractile markers, increased fibrosis, and activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. When BMP-4 deficiency was combined with AngII infusion, there was a significantly higher rate of apoptosis and aortic dilatation. In vitro, VSMCs with mRNA silencing of BMP-4 displayed a dedifferentiated phenotype with activated canonical BMP signalling. In contrast, BMP-2-deficient VSMCs exhibited the opposite phenotype. The compensatory regulation between BMP-2 and BMP-4, with BMP-4 promoting the contractile phenotype, appeared to be independent of the canonical signalling pathway. Taken together, these results demonstrate the impact of VSMC-specific BMP-4 deficiency on TAA development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Male
- Mice
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/metabolism
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Klessinger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany;
| | - Sophie Glaeser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ramona Emig
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (R.E.); (R.P.)
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Remi Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (R.E.); (R.P.)
| | - Lena Meier
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Kora Proelss
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Katia Marenne
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Christian Smolka
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Sebastian Grundmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Franziska Pankratz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Philipp R. Esser
- Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany;
| | - Martin Moser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer S. Esser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (C.S.); (S.G.); (F.P.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.)
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11
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Singh AA, Shetty DK, Jacob AG, Bayraktar S, Sinha S. Understanding genomic medicine for thoracic aortic disease through the lens of induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1349548. [PMID: 38440211 PMCID: PMC10910110 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1349548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic disease (TAD) is often silent until a life-threatening complication occurs. However, genetic information can inform both identification and treatment at an early stage. Indeed, a diagnosis is important for personalised surveillance and intervention plans, as well as cascade screening of family members. Currently, only 20% of heritable TAD patients have a causative mutation identified and, consequently, further advances in genetic coverage are required to define the remaining molecular landscape. The rapid expansion of next generation sequencing technologies is providing a huge resource of genetic data, but a critical issue remains in functionally validating these findings. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are patient-derived, reprogrammed cell lines which allow mechanistic insights, complex modelling of genetic disease and a platform to study aortic genetic variants. This review will address the need for iPSCs as a frontline diagnostic tool to evaluate variants identified by genomic discovery studies and explore their evolving role in biological insight through to drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sanjay Sinha
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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12
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Buja LM, Zhao B, Sadaf H, McDonald M, Segura AM, Li L, Cecchi A, Prakash SK, Afifi RO, Miller CC, Estrera AL, Milewicz DM. Insights From the Histopathologic Analysis of Acquired and Genetic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. Tex Heart Inst J 2024; 51:e238253. [PMID: 38345902 DOI: 10.14503/thij-23-8253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to apply contemporary consensus criteria developed by the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology and the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology to the evaluation of aortic pathology, with the expectation that the additional pathologic information may enhance the understanding and management of aortic diseases. METHODS A scoring system was applied to ascending aortic specimens from 42 patients with heritable thoracic aortic disease and known genetic variations and from 86 patients from a single year, including patients with known genetic variations (n = 12) and patients with sporadic disease (n = 74). RESULTS The various types of lesions of medial degeneration and the overall severity of medial degeneration overlapped considerably between those patients with heritable disease and those with sporadic disease; however, patients with heritable thoracic aortic disease had significantly more overall medial degeneration (P = .004) and higher levels of elastic fiber fragmentation (P = .03) and mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation (P = .04) than patients with sporadic thoracic aortic disease. Heritable thoracic aortic disease with known genetic variation was more prevalent in women than in men (27.2% vs 9.8%; P = .04), and women had more severe medial degeneration than men (P = .04). Medial degeneration scores were significantly lower for patients with bicuspid aortic valves than for patients with tricuspid aortic valves (P = .03). CONCLUSION The study's findings indicate considerable overlap in the pattern, extent, and severity of medial degeneration between sporadic and hereditary types of thoracic aortic disease. This finding suggests that histopathologic medial degeneration represents the final common outcome of diverse pathogenetic factors and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maximilian Buja
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Bihong Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Humaira Sadaf
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Michelle McDonald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ana M Segura
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alana Cecchi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Siddharth K Prakash
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Rana O Afifi
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles C Miller
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony L Estrera
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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13
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Czerny M, Grabenwöger M, Berger T, Aboyans V, Della Corte A, Chen EP, Desai ND, Dumfarth J, Elefteriades JA, Etz CD, Kim KM, Kreibich M, Lescan M, Di Marco L, Martens A, Mestres CA, Milojevic M, Nienaber CA, Piffaretti G, Preventza O, Quintana E, Rylski B, Schlett CL, Schoenhoff F, Trimarchi S, Tsagakis K. EACTS/STS Guidelines for diagnosing and treating acute and chronic syndromes of the aortic organ. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 65:ezad426. [PMID: 38408364 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Czerny
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Grabenwöger
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim Berger
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Victor Aboyans
- Department of Cardiology, Dupuytren-2 University Hospital, Limoges, France
- EpiMaCT, Inserm 1094 & IRD 270, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Alessandro Della Corte
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Edward P Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nimesh D Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julia Dumfarth
- University Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - John A Elefteriades
- Aortic Institute at Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christian D Etz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Medicine Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Karen M Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The University of Texas at Austin/Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Maximilian Kreibich
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mario Lescan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luca Di Marco
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas Martens
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- The Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Carlos A Mestres
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and the Robert WM Frater Cardiovascular Research Centre, The University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Milan Milojevic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiovascular Research, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Christoph A Nienaber
- Division of Cardiology at the Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriele Piffaretti
- Vascular Surgery Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria School of Medicine, Varese, Italy
| | - Ourania Preventza
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eduard Quintana
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bartosz Rylski
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Department University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Schoenhoff
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Santi Trimarchi
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Tsagakis
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
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14
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Crosier R, Lopez Laporte MA, Unni RR, Coutinho T. Female-Specific Considerations in Aortic Health and Disease. CJC Open 2024; 6:391-406. [PMID: 38487044 PMCID: PMC10935703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The aorta plays a central role in the modulation of blood flow to supply end organs and to optimize the workload of the left ventricle. The constant interaction of the arterial wall with protective and deleterious circulating factors, and the cumulative exposure to ventriculoarterial pulsatile load, with its associated intimal-medial changes, are important players in the complex process of vascular aging. Vascular aging is also modulated by biomolecular processes such as oxidative stress, genomic instability, and cellular senescence. Concomitantly with well-established cardiometabolic and sex-specific risk factors and environmental stressors, arterial stiffness is associated with cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Sexual dimorphisms in aortic health and disease are increasingly recognized and explain-at least in part-some of the observable sex differences in cardiovascular disease, which will be explored in this review. Specifically, we will discuss how biological sex affects arterial health and vascular aging and the implications this has for development of certain cardiovascular diseases uniquely or predominantly affecting women. We will then expand on sex differences in thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms, with special considerations for aortopathies in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Crosier
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Rudy R. Unni
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thais Coutinho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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15
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de Lima Sanches B, Souza-Neto F, de Alcântara-Leonídeo TC, Silva MM, Guatimosim S, Vieira MAR, Santos RAS, da Silva RF. Alamandine attenuates oxidative stress in the right carotid following transverse aortic constriction in mice. Peptides 2024; 171:171094. [PMID: 37696437 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pressure overload can result in significant changes to the structure of blood vessels, a process known as vascular remodeling. High levels of tension can cause vascular inflammation, fibrosis, and structural alterations to the vascular wall. Prior research from our team has demonstrated that the oral administration of alamandine can promote vasculoprotective effects in mice aorta that have undergone transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Furthermore, changes in local hemodynamics can affect the right and left carotid arteries differently after TAC. Thus, in this study, we aimed to assess the effects of alamandine treatment on right carotid remodeling and the expression of oxidative stress-related substances induced by TAC. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6 mice were categorized into three groups: Sham, TAC, and TAC treated with alamandine (TAC+ALA). Alamandine treatment was administered orally by gavage (30 µg/kg/day), starting three days before the surgery, and continuing for a period of fourteen days. Morphometric analysis of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections revealed that TAC induced hypertrophic and positive remodeling in the right carotid artery. Picrosirius Red staining also demonstrated an increase in total collagen deposition in the right carotid artery due to TAC-induced vascular changes. Alamandine treatment effectively prevented the increase in reactive oxygen species production and depletion of nitric oxide levels, which were induced by TAC. Finally, alamandine treatment was also shown to prevent the increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and 3-nitrotyrosine that were induced by TAC. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that alamandine can effectively attenuate pathophysiological stress in the right carotid artery of animals subjected to TAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Lima Sanches
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Souza-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Cancer & Cardiovascular Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Mário Morais Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Augusto Souza Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Fernandes da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Zhang X, Peng Y, Li G, Li J, Luo M, Che Y, Zheng L, Anzai H, Ohta M, Shu C. Elongation of the proximal descending thoracic aorta and associated hemodynamics increase the risk of acute type B aortic dissection. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:765-777. [PMID: 37545271 DOI: 10.3233/thc-230194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute type B aortic dissection (ATBAD) is a life-threatening aortic disease. However, little information is available on predicting and understanding of ATBAD. OBJECTIVE The study sought to explore the underlying mechanism of ATBAD by analyzing the morphological and hemodynamic characteristics related to aortic length. METHODS The length and tortuosity of the segment and the whole aorta in the ATBAD group (n= 163) and control group (n= 120) were measured. A fixed anatomic landmark from the distal of left subclavian artery (LSA) to the superior border of sixth thoracic vertebra was proposed as the proximal descending thoracic aorta (PDTA), and the dimensionless parameter, length ratio, was introduced to eliminate the individual differences. The significant morphological parameters were filtrated and the associations between parameters were investigated using statistical approaches. Furthermore, how aortic morphology influenced ATBAD was explored based on idealized aortic models and hemodynamic-related metrics. RESULTS The PDTA length was significantly increased in the ATBAD group compared with the control group and had a strong positive correlation with the whole aortic length (r= 0.89). The length ratio (LR2) and tortuosity (T2) of PDTA in the ATBAD group were significantly increased (0.15 ± 0.02 vs 0.12 ± 0.02 and 1.73 ± 0.48 vs 1.50 ± 0.36; P< 0.001), and LR2 was positive correlation with T2 (r= 0.73). In receiver-operating curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.835 for LR2 and 0.641 for T2. Low and oscillatory shear (LOS) was positive correlation with LR2, and the elevated LOS occurred in the distal of LSA. CONCLUSION Elongation of PDTA is associated with ATBAD, and the length ratio is a novel predictor. Elongated PDTA induced more aggressive hemodynamic forces, and high LOS regions may correspond to the entry tear location. The synergy of the morphological variation and aggressive hemodynamics creates contributory conditions for ATBAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelan Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gaoyang Li
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jiehua Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Che
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Liancun Zheng
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hitomi Anzai
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohta
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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17
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Seeburun S, Wu S, Hemani D, Pham L, Ju D, Xie Y, Kata P, Li L. Insights into elastic fiber fragmentation: Mechanisms and treatment of aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 153:107215. [PMID: 37640090 PMCID: PMC10872825 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in fibrillin 1 (FBN1) gene. These mutations result in defects in the skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems. Aortic aneurysm is the leading cause of premature mortality in untreated MFS patients. Elastic fiber fragmentation in the aortic vessel wall is a hallmark of MFS-associated aortic aneurysms. FBN1 mutations result in FBN1 fragments that also contribute to elastic fiber fragmentation. Although recent research has advanced our understanding of MFS, the contribution of elastic fiber fragmentation to the pathogenesis of aneurysm formation remains poorly understood. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms of elastic fiber fragmentation and its role in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm progression. Increased comprehension of elastic fragmentation has significant clinical implications for developing targeted interventions to block aneurysm progression, which would benefit not only individuals with Marfan syndrome but also other patients with aneurysms. Moreover, this review highlights an overlooked connection between inhibiting aneurysm and the restoration of elastic fibers in the vessel wall with various aneurysm inhibitors, including drugs and chemicals. Investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms could uncover innovative therapeutic strategies to inhibit elastin fragmentation and prevent the progression of aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheilabi Seeburun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Shichao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Darshi Hemani
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Lucynda Pham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Donghong Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Youming Xie
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Priyaranjan Kata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA
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18
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Momenzadeh A, Kreimer S, Guo D, Ayres M, Berman D, Chyu KY, Shah PK, Milewicz D, Azizzadeh A, Meyer JG, Parker S. Differentiation between Descending Thoracic Aortic Diseases using Machine Learning and Plasma Proteomic Signatures. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.26.538468. [PMID: 37162892 PMCID: PMC10168345 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.26.538468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Descending thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections can go undetected until severe and catastrophic, and few clinical indices exist to screen for aneurysms or predict risk of dissection. Methods This study generated a plasma proteomic dataset from 75 patients with descending type B dissection (Type B) and 62 patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DTAA). Standard statistical approaches were compared to supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms to distinguish Type B from DTAA cases. Quantitatively similar proteins were clustered based on linkage distance from hierarchical clustering and ML models were trained with uncorrelated protein lists across various linkage distances with hyperparameter optimization using 5-fold cross validation. Permutation importance (PI) was used for ranking the most important predictor proteins of ML classification between disease states and the proteins among the top 10 PI protein groups were submitted for pathway analysis. Results Of the 1,549 peptides and 198 proteins used in this study, no peptides and only one protein, hemopexin (HPX), were significantly different at an adjusted p-value <0.01 between Type B and DTAA cases. The highest performing model on the training set (Support Vector Classifier) and its corresponding linkage distance (0.5) were used for evaluation of the test set, yielding a precision-recall area under the curve of 0.7 to classify between Type B from DTAA cases. The five proteins with the highest PI scores were immunoglobulin heavy variable 6-1 (IGHV6-1), lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), coagulation factor 12 (F12), HPX, and immunoglobulin heavy variable 4-4 (IGHV4-4). All proteins from the top 10 most important correlated groups generated the following significantly enriched pathways in the plasma of Type B versus DTAA patients: complement activation, humoral immune response, and blood coagulation. Conclusions We conclude that ML may be useful in differentiating the plasma proteome of highly similar disease states that would otherwise not be distinguishable using statistics, and, in such cases, ML may enable prioritizing important proteins for model prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Momenzadeh
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Simion Kreimer
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dongchuan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew Ayres
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniel Berman
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Imaging Department, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Lost Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kuang-Yuh Chyu
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Prediman K Shah
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dianna Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ali Azizzadeh
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jesse G. Meyer
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sarah Parker
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles California, USA
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19
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Porto FG, Tanaka LY, de Bessa TC, Oliveira PVS, Souza JMFD, Kajihara D, Fernandes CG, Santos PN, Laurindo FRM. Evidence for a protective role of Protein Disulfide Isomerase-A1 against aortic dissection. Atherosclerosis 2023; 382:117283. [PMID: 37774430 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Redox signaling is involved in the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysm/dissection. Protein Disulfide Isomerases and its prototype PDIA1 are thiol redox chaperones mainly from endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while PDIA1 cell surface pool redox-regulates thrombosis, cytoskeleton remodeling and integrin activation, which are mechanisms involved in aortic disease. Here we investigate the roles of PDIA1 in aortic dissection. METHODS Initially, we assessed the outcome of aortic aneurysm/dissection in transgenic PDIA1-overexpressing FVB mice using a model of 28-day exposure to lysyl oxidase inhibitor BAPN plus angiotensin-II infusion. In a second protocol, we assessed the effects of PDIA1 inhibitor isoquercetin (IQ) against aortic dissection in C57BL/6 mice exposed to BAPN for 28 days. RESULTS Transgenic PDIA1 overexpression associated with ca. 50% (p = 0.022) decrease (vs.wild-type) in mortality due to abdominal aortic rupture and protected against elastic fiber breaks in thoracic aorta. Conversely, exposure of mice to IQ increased thoracic aorta dissection-related mortality rates, from ca. 18%-50% within 28-days (p = 0.019); elastic fiber disruption and collagen deposition were also enhanced. The structurally-related compound diosmetin, which does not inhibit PDI, had negligible effects. In parallel, stretch-tension curves indicated that IQ amplified a ductile-type of biomechanical failure vs. control or BAPN-exposed mice aortas. IQ-induced effects seemed unassociated with nonspecific antioxidant effects or ER stress. In both models, echocardiographic analysis of surviving mice suggested that aortic rupture was dissociated from progressive dilatation. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate a protective role of PDIA1 against aortic dissection/rupture and potentially uncovers a novel integrative mechanism coupling redox and biomechanical homeostasis in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Garcez Porto
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Yuji Tanaka
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiphany Coralie de Bessa
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Percillia Victoria Santos Oliveira
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlia Martins Felipe de Souza
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Kajihara
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Gonçalves Fernandes
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Nolasco Santos
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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20
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Salmasi MY, Pirola S, Asimakopoulos G, Nienaber C, Athanasiou T. Risk prediction for thoracic aortic dissection: Is it time to go with the flow? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 166:1034-1042. [PMID: 35672182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Yousuf Salmasi
- Department of Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Selene Pirola
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Asimakopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Nienaber
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thanos Athanasiou
- Department of Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Nappi F, Alzamil A, Avtaar Singh SS, Spadaccio C, Bonnet N. Current Knowledge on the Interaction of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection, Encoded miRNAs, and Acute Aortic Syndrome. Viruses 2023; 15:2027. [PMID: 37896804 PMCID: PMC10611417 DOI: 10.3390/v15102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection is a clinicopathological entity caused by rupture of the intima, leading to a high mortality if not treated. Over time, diagnostic and investigative methods, antihypertensive therapy, and early referrals have resulted in improved outcomes according to registry data. Some data have also emerged from recent studies suggesting a link between Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and aortic dissection. Furthermore, the use of microRNAs has also become increasingly widespread in the literature. These have been noted to play a role in aortic dissections with elevated levels noted in studies as early as 2017. This review aims to provide a broad and holistic overview of the role of miRNAs, while studying the role of HCMV infection in the context of aortic dissections. The roles of long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and microRNAs are explored to identify changes in expression during aortic dissections. The use of such biomarkers may one day be translated into clinical practice to allow early detection and prognostication of outcomes and drive preventative and therapeutic options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Almothana Alzamil
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Cristiano Spadaccio
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Nicolas Bonnet
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (N.B.)
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22
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Lin PK, Davis GE. Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Vascular Disease: Defining Its Regulators and Pathological Influence. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1599-1616. [PMID: 37409533 PMCID: PMC10527588 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of structural and cellular differences (ie, degrees of matrix abundance and cross-linking, mural cell density, and adventitia), large and medium-sized vessels, in comparison to capillaries, react in a unique manner to stimuli that induce vascular disease. A stereotypical vascular injury response is ECM (extracellular matrix) remodeling that occurs particularly in larger vessels in response to injurious stimuli, such as elevated angiotensin II, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, genetic deficiencies, inflammatory cell infiltration, or exposure to proinflammatory mediators. Even with substantial and prolonged vascular damage, large- and medium-sized arteries, persist, but become modified by (1) changes in vascular wall cellularity; (2) modifications in the differentiation status of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, or adventitial stem cells (each can become activated); (3) infiltration of the vascular wall by various leukocyte types; (4) increased exposure to critical growth factors and proinflammatory mediators; and (5) marked changes in the vascular ECM, that remodels from a homeostatic, prodifferentiation ECM environment to matrices that instead promote tissue reparative responses. This latter ECM presents previously hidden matricryptic sites that bind integrins to signal vascular cells and infiltrating leukocytes (in coordination with other mediators) to proliferate, invade, secrete ECM-degrading proteinases, and deposit injury-induced matrices (predisposing to vessel wall fibrosis). In contrast, in response to similar stimuli, capillaries can undergo regression responses (rarefaction). In summary, we have described the molecular events controlling ECM remodeling in major vascular diseases as well as the differential responses of arteries versus capillaries to key mediators inducing vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca K. Lin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - George E. Davis
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612
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23
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Weiss D, Rego BV, Cavinato C, Li DS, Kawamura Y, Emuna N, Humphrey JD. Effects of Age, Sex, and Extracellular Matrix Integrity on Aortic Dilatation and Rupture in a Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e358-e372. [PMID: 37470181 PMCID: PMC10528515 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmural failure of the aorta is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality; it occurs when mechanical stress exceeds strength. The aortic root and ascending aorta are susceptible to dissection and rupture in Marfan syndrome, a connective tissue disorder characterized by a progressive reduction in elastic fiber integrity. Whereas competent elastic fibers endow the aorta with compliance and resilience, cross-linked collagen fibers confer stiffness and strength. We hypothesized that postnatal reductions in matrix cross-linking increase aortopathy when turnover rates are high. METHODS We combined ex vivo biaxial mechanical testing with multimodality histological examinations to quantify expected age- and sex-dependent structural vulnerability of the ascending aorta in Fbn1C1041G/+ Marfan versus wild-type mice without and with 4-week exposures to β-aminopropionitrile, an inhibitor of lysyl oxidase-mediated cross-linking of newly synthesized elastic and collagen fibers. RESULTS We found a strong β-aminopropionitrile-associated sexual dimorphism in aortic dilatation in Marfan mice and aortic rupture in wild-type mice, with dilatation correlating with compromised elastic fiber integrity and rupture correlating with compromised collagen fibril organization. A lower incidence of rupture of β-aminopropionitrile-exposed Marfan aortas associated with increased lysyl oxidase, suggesting a compensatory remodeling of collagen that slows disease progression in the otherwise compromised Fbn1C1041G/+ aorta. CONCLUSIONS Collagen fiber structure and function in the Marfan aorta are augmented, in part, by increased lysyl oxidase in female and especially male mice, which improves structural integrity, particularly via fibrils in the adventitia. Preserving or promoting collagen cross-linking may represent a therapeutic target for an otherwise vulnerable aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dar Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
| | - Bruno V Rego
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
| | - Cristina Cavinato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
| | - David S Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
| | - Yuki Kawamura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
| | - Nir Emuna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT (D.W., B.V.R., C.C., D.S.L., Y.K., N.E., J.D.H.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (J.D.H.)
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24
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Mian O, Santi N, Boodhwani M, Beauchesne L, Chan K, Dennie C, Wells GA, Coutinho T. Arterial Age and Early Vascular Aging, But Not Chronological Age, Are Associated With Faster Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Growth. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029466. [PMID: 37581401 PMCID: PMC10492926 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Aneurysm size is an imperfect risk assessment tool for those with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Assessing arterial age may help TAA risk stratification, as it better reflects aortic health. We sought to evaluate arterial age as a predictor of faster TAA growth, independently of chronological age. Methods and Results We examined 137 patients with TAA. Arterial age was estimated according to validated equations, using patients' blood pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Aneurysm growth was determined prospectively from available imaging studies. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association of chronological age and arterial age with TAA growth, and multivariable logistic regression assessed associations of chronological and arterial age with the presence of accelerated aneurysm growth (defined as growth>median in the sample). Mean±SD chronological and arterial ages were 62.2±11.3 and 54.2±24.5 years, respectively. Mean baseline TAA size and follow-up time were 45.9±4.0 mm and 4.5±1.9 years, respectively. Median (interquartile range) TAA growth was 0.31 (0.14-0.52) mm/year. Older arterial age (ß±SE for 1 year: 0.004±0.001, P<0.0001) was independently associated with faster TAA growth, while chronological age was not (P=0.083). In logistic regression, each 5-year increase in arterial age was associated with a 23% increase in the odds of accelerated TAA growth (95% CI, 1.085-1.394; P=0.001). Conclusions Arterial age is independently associated with accelerated aneurysm expansion, while chronological age is not. Our results highlight that a noninvasive and inexpensive assessment of arterial age can potentially be useful for TAA risk stratification and disease monitoring as compared with the current clinical standard (chronological age).
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais Mian
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of TorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Nicolas Santi
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of TorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Munir Boodhwani
- Division of Cardiac SurgeryUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioCanada
| | - Luc Beauchesne
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioCanada
| | - Kwan‐Leung Chan
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioCanada
| | - Carole Dennie
- Department of RadiologyThe Ottawa HospitalOntarioCanada
| | - George A. Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- Cardiovascular Research Methods CentreUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioCanada
| | - Thais Coutinho
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioCanada
- School of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and RehabilitationUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioCanada
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25
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Nakamura K, Dalal AR, Yokoyama N, Pedroza AJ, Kusadokoro S, Mitchel O, Gilles C, Masoudian B, Leipzig M, Casey KM, Hiesinger W, Uchida T, Fischbein MP. Lineage-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Smooth Muscle Cell Modeling Predicts Integrin Alpha-V Antagonism Reduces Aortic Root Aneurysm Formation in Marfan Syndrome Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1134-1153. [PMID: 37078287 PMCID: PMC10330156 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of increased smooth muscle cell (SMC) integrin αv signaling in Marfan syndrome (MFS) aortic aneurysm remains unclear. Herein, we examine the mechanism and potential efficacy of integrin αv blockade as a therapeutic strategy to reduce aneurysm progression in MFS. METHODS Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were differentiated into aortic SMCs of the second heart field (SHF) and neural crest (NC) lineages, enabling in vitro modeling of MFS thoracic aortic aneurysms. The pathological role of integrin αv during aneurysm formation was confirmed by blockade of integrin αv with GLPG0187 in Fbn1C1039G/+ MFS mice. RESULTS iPSC-derived MFS SHF SMCs overexpress integrin αv relative to MFS NC and healthy control SHF cells. Furthermore, integrin αv downstream targets (FAK [focal adhesion kinase]/AktThr308/mTORC1 [mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1]) were activated, especially in MFS SHF. Treatment of MFS SHF SMCs with GLPG0187 reduced p-FAK/p-AktThr308/mTORC1 activity back to control SHF levels. Functionally, MFS SHF SMCs had increased proliferation and migration compared to MFS NC SMCs and control SMCs, which normalized with GLPG0187 treatment. In the Fbn1C1039G/+ MFS mouse model, integrin αv, p-AktThr308, and downstream targets of mTORC1 proteins were elevated in the aortic root/ascending segment compared to littermate wild-type control. Mice treated with GLPG0187 (age 6-14 weeks) had reduced aneurysm growth, elastin fragmentation, and reduction of the FAK/AktThr308/mTORC1 pathway. GLPG0187 treatment reduced the amount and severity of SMC modulation assessed by single-cell RNA sequencing. CONCLUSIONS The integrin αv-FAK-AktThr308 signaling pathway is activated in iPSC SMCs from MFS patients, specifically from the SHF lineage. Mechanistically, this signaling pathway promotes SMC proliferation and migration in vitro. As biological proof of concept, GLPG0187 treatment slowed aneurysm growth and p-AktThr308 signaling in Fbn1C1039G/+ mice. Integrin αv blockade via GLPG0187 may be a promising therapeutic approach to inhibit MFS aneurysmal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Nakamura
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Alex R. Dalal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Nobu Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Albert J. Pedroza
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Sho Kusadokoro
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Olivia Mitchel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Casey Gilles
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Bahar Masoudian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Matthew Leipzig
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Kerriann M. Casey
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - William Hiesinger
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
| | - Tetsuro Uchida
- Second Department of Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine. Yamagata, Japan
| | - Michael P. Fischbein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford CA, USA
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Noh KM, Park SJ, Moon SH, Jung SY. Extracellular matrix cues regulate the differentiation of pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1169331. [PMID: 37435057 PMCID: PMC10330705 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1169331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of endothelial cells (ECs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has been a promising approach for treating cardiovascular diseases for several years. Human PSCs, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are an attractive source of ECs for cell therapy. Although there is a diversity of methods for endothelial cell differentiation using biochemical factors, such as small molecules and cytokines, the efficiency of EC production varies depending on the type and dose of biochemical factors. Moreover, the protocols in which most EC differentiation studies have been performed were in very unphysiological conditions that do not reflect the microenvironment of native tissue. The microenvironment surrounding stem cells exerts variable biochemical and biomechanical stimuli that can affect stem cell differentiation and behavior. The stiffness and components of the extracellular microenvironment are critical inducers of stem cell behavior and fate specification by sensing the extracellular matrix (ECM) cues, adjusting the cytoskeleton tension, and delivering external signals to the nucleus. Differentiation of stem cells into ECs using a cocktail of biochemical factors has been performed for decades. However, the effects of mechanical stimuli on endothelial cell differentiation remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the methods used to differentiate ECs from stem cells by chemical and mechanical stimuli. We also propose the possibility of a novel EC differentiation strategy using a synthetic and natural extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mu Noh
- Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Yun Jung
- Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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Karkhaneh Yousefi AA, Petit C, Ben Hassine A, Avril S. Stiffness sensing by smooth muscle cells: Continuum mechanics modeling of the acto-myosin role. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 144:105990. [PMID: 37385127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the aorta by sensing and responding to mechanical stimuli. However, the mechanisms that underlie the ability of SMCs to sense and respond to stiffness change in their environment are still partially unclear. In this study, we focus on the role of acto-myosin contractility in stiffness sensing and introduce a novel continuum mechanics approach based on the principles of thermal strains. Each stress fiber satisfies a universal stress-strain relationship driven by a Young's modulus, a contraction coefficient scaling the fictitious thermal strain, a maximum contraction stress and a softening parameter describing the sliding effects between actin and myosin filaments. To account for the inherent variability of cellular responses, large populations of SMCs are modeled with the finite-element method, each cell having a random number and a random arrangement of stress fibers. Moreover, the level of myosin activation in each stress fiber satisfies a Weibull probability density function. Model predictions are compared to traction force measurements on different SMC lineages. It is demonstrated that the model not only predicts well the effects of substrate stiffness on cellular traction, but it can also successfully approximate the statistical variations of cellular tractions induced by intercellular variability. Finally, stresses in the nuclear envelope and in the nucleus are computed with the model, showing that the variations of cytoskeletal forces induced by substrate stiffness directly induce deformations of the nucleus which can potentially alter gene expression. The predictability of the model combined to its relative simplicity are promising assets for further investigation of stiffness sensing in 3D environments. Eventually, this could contribute to decipher the effects of mechanosensitivity impairment, which are known to be at the root of aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudie Petit
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Monnet, INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amira Ben Hassine
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Monnet, INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Avril
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Monnet, INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
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Okamura DM, Nguyen ED, Collins SJ, Yoon K, Gere JB, Weiser-Evans MCM, Beier DR, Majesky MW. Mammalian organ regeneration in spiny mice. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2023; 44:39-52. [PMID: 36131170 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-022-09631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis-driven solid organ failure is a major world-wide health burden with few therapeutic options. Spiny mice (genus: Acomys) are terrestrial mammals that regenerate severe skin wounds without fibrotic scars to evade predators. Recent studies have shown that spiny mice also regenerate acute ischemic and traumatic injuries to kidney, heart, spinal cord, and skeletal muscle. A common feature of this evolved wound healing response is a lack of formation of fibrotic scar tissue that degrades organ function, inhibits regeneration, and leads to organ failure. Complex tissue regeneration is an extremely rare property among mammalian species. In this article, we discuss the evidence that Acomys represents an emerging model organism that offers a unique opportunity for the biomedical community to investigate and clinically translate molecular mechanisms of scarless wound healing and regeneration of organ function in a mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl M Okamura
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Nguyen
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Sarah J Collins
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Kevin Yoon
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Joshua B Gere
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Mary C M Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - David R Beier
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Mark W Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Arishe OO, McKenzie J, Dela Justina V, Dos Anjos Moraes R, Webb RC, Priviero F. Piezo1 channels mediate vasorelaxation of uterine arteries from pseudopregnant rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1140989. [PMID: 37324378 PMCID: PMC10267476 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1140989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There is a great increase in uterine arterial blood flow during normal pregnancy, which is a result of the cardiovascular changes that occur in pregnancy to adapt the maternal vascular system to meet the increased metabolic needs of both the mother and the fetus. The cardiovascular changes include an increase in cardiac output and more importantly, dilation of the maternal uterine arteries. However, the exact mechanism for the vasodilation is not fully known. Piezo1 mechanosensitive channels are highly expressed in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells of small-diameter arteries and play a role in structural remodeling. In this study, we hypothesize that the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel plays a role in the dilation of the uterine artery (UA) during pregnancy. Methods: For this, 14-week-old pseudopregnant and virgin Sprague Dawley rats were used. In isolated segments of UA and mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA) mounted in a wire myograph, we investigated the effects of chemical activation of Piezo1, using Yoda 1. The mechanism of Yoda 1 induced relaxation was assessed by incubating the vessels with either vehicle or some inhibitors or in the presence of a potassium-free physiological salt solution (K+-free PSS). Results: Our results show that concentration-dependent relaxation responses to Yoda 1 are greater in the UA of the pseudo-pregnant rats than in those from the virgin rats while no differences between groups were observed in the MRAs. In both vascular beds, either in virgin or in pseudopregnant, relaxation to Yoda 1 was at least in part nitric oxide dependent. Discussion: Piezo1 channel mediates nitric oxide dependent relaxation, and this channel seems to contribute to the greater dilation that occurs in the uterine arteries of pseudo-pregnant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke O. Arishe
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jaine McKenzie
- Department of General Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Vanessa Dela Justina
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil
| | - Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- College of Engineering and Computing, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- College of Engineering and Computing, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, MO, United States
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Jiang H, Jiang Y, Qu Y, Lv J, Zeng H. sGC agonist BAY1021189 promotes thoracic aortic dissection formation by accelerating vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switch. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175789. [PMID: 37244376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is common but lethal cardiovascular disease with high mortality. This study aimed to expound whether and how sGC-PRKG1 signaling pathway might promote the formation of TAD. Our work identified two modules with high relevance to TAD using WGCNA method. Combined with previous studies, we focused on the participation of endothelial NOS (eNOS) in the progression of TAD. Through immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot we verified that eNOS expression was elevated in the tissues of patients and mice with aortic dissection, and the phosphorylation Ser1177 of eNOS was activated. In a BAPN-induced TAD mouse model, sGC-PRKG1 signaling pathway promotes TAD formation by inducing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype transition, which was demonstrated as a decrease in markers of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs such as αSMA, SM22α, and Calponin. These results were also verified by experiments in vitro. To explore the further mechanism, we conducted immunohistochemistry, western blot and quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR), the results of which indicated that sGC-PRKG1 signaling pathway was activated when TAD occurred. In conclusion, our current study revealed that sGC-PRKG1 signaling pathway could promote TAD formation by accelerating VSMCs phenotype switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yunkun Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Hesong Zeng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Pang KT, Loo LSW, Chia S, Ong FYT, Yu H, Walsh I. Insight into muscle stem cell regeneration and mechanobiology. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:129. [PMID: 37173707 PMCID: PMC10176686 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells possess the unique ability to differentiate into specialized cell types. These specialized cell types can be used for regenerative medicine purposes such as cell therapy. Myosatellite cells, also known as skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs), play important roles in the growth, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle tissues. However, despite its therapeutic potential, the successful differentiation, proliferation, and expansion processes of MuSCs remain a significant challenge due to a variety of factors. For example, the growth and differentiation of MuSCs can be greatly influenced by actively replicating the MuSCs microenvironment (known as the niche) using mechanical forces. However, the molecular role of mechanobiology in MuSC growth, proliferation, and differentiation for regenerative medicine is still poorly understood. In this present review, we comprehensively summarize, compare, and critically analyze how different mechanical cues shape stem cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and their potential role in disease development (Fig. 1). The insights developed from the mechanobiology of stem cells will also contribute to how these applications can be used for regenerative purposes using MuSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuin Tian Pang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technology University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B3, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
| | - Larry Sai Weng Loo
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sean Chia
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francesca Yi Teng Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hanry Yu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- CAMP, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
- Interdisplinary Science and Engineering Program, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian Walsh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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高 文, 余 泓, 张 瑶, 钱 宏, 刘 肖. [Latest Findings on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Thoracic Aortic Dissection]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:699-704. [PMID: 37248608 PMCID: PMC10475406 DOI: 10.12182/20230260101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a cardiovascular disease entailing a high lethality between 65% and 85%. Surgery-assissed implant/interventional stenting is the prevailing treatment of TAD. However, surgical treatment can cause severe postoperative complications and patients incur a relatively higher risk of postoperative mortality. Since the pathogenic mechanism underlying TAD is not clear, effective medication therapies are still not available. In recent years, along with advances in single-cell sequencing and other molecular biological technologies, there have been prelimiary findings suggesting the special role of dysfunctional vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the pathogenesis and development of TAD. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms regulating the dysfunction of VSMCs have been initially explored. It is expected that these new findings will contribute to the development of new strategies to prevent TAD and lead to new ideas for the identifiction of potential drug therapeutic targets. Herein, we summarized the critical role of dysfunctional VSMCs in the pathogenesis and development of TAD and presented in detail the biological factors and the related molecular mechanisms that regulate the dysfunction of VSMCs. We hope this review will provide a reference for further investigation into the central role of dysfunctional VSMCs in the pathogenesis and development of TAD and exploration for effective molecular drug targets for TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- 文博 高
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 生物医学工程研究室 (成都 610041)Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 泓池 余
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 生物医学工程研究室 (成都 610041)Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 瑶佳 张
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 生物医学工程研究室 (成都 610041)Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 宏 钱
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 生物医学工程研究室 (成都 610041)Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 肖珩 刘
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 生物医学工程研究室 (成都 610041)Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Luu N, Bajpai A, Li R, Park S, Noor M, Ma X, Chen W. Aging-associated Decline in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Mechanosensation is Mediated by Piezo1 Channel. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.27.538557. [PMID: 37163041 PMCID: PMC10168328 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.27.538557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aging of the vasculature is associated with detrimental changes in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) mechanosensitivity to extrinsic forces in their surrounding microenvironment. However, how chronological aging alters VSMCs' ability to sense and adapt to mechanical perturbations remains unexplored. Here, we show defective VSMC mechanosensation in aging measured with ultrasound tweezers-based micromechanical system, force instantaneous frequency spectrum and transcriptome analyses. The mechanobiological study reveals that aged VSMCs adapt a relatively inert solid-like state with altered actin cytoskeletal integrity, resulting in an impairment in their mechanosensitivity and dynamic mechanoresponse to mechanical perturbations. The aging-associated decline in mechanosensation behaviors is mediated by hyperactivity of Piezo1-dependent calcium signaling. Inhibition of Piezo1 alleviates vascular aging and partially restores the loss in dynamic contractile properties in aged cells. Altogether, our study reveals the novel signaling pathway underlying aging-associated aberrant mechanosensation in VSMC and identifies Piezo1 as a potential therapeutic mechanobiological target to alleviate vascular aging.
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Sénémaud J, Gaudry M, Jouve E, Blanchard A, Milleron O, Dulac Y, Olivier-Faivre L, Stephan D, Odent S, Lanéelle D, Dupuis-Girod S, Jondeau G, Bal-Theoleyre L. Primary Non-Aortic Lesions Are Not Rare in Marfan Syndrome and Are Associated with Aortic Dissection Independently of Age. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082902. [PMID: 37109238 PMCID: PMC10141376 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study sought to estimate the prevalence of primary non-aortic lesions (PNAL) unrelated to extension of aortic dissection (AD) in a cohort of patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS). METHODS Adult patients presenting with pathogenic FBN1 mutations and an available pan-aortic contrast-enhanced CTA in eight French MFS clinics from April to October 2018 were included. Clinical and radiological data, particularly the presence of aortic lesions and PNAL (including aneurysm and ectasia), were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Out of 138 patients, 28 (20.3%) had PNAL. In total, 27 aneurysms in 13 patients and 41 ectasias in 19 patients were reported mainly in the subclavian, iliac, and vertebral segments. Four patients (31%) with aneurysms and none with ectasia required prophylactic intervention during follow-up (median: 46 months). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with PNAL were history of AD (OR = 3.9, 95%CI: 1.3-12.1, p = 0.018), history of previous descending aortic surgery (OR = 10.3, 95%CI: 2.2-48.3, p = 0.003) and age (per 10 years OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.4, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION PNAL is not rare in MFS patients with evolutive aortic disease. Natural history may differ between aneurysms and ectasia, emphasizing the need for standardized definitions and systematic screening for PNAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Sénémaud
- Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Thoracique et de Transplantation Pulmonaire, AP-HP, CHU Bichat, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Marine Gaudry
- Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, AP-HM, CHU La Timone, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Elisabeth Jouve
- Service d'Evaluation Médicale, AP-HM, CHU La Conception, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Blanchard
- Centre de Référence Constitutif Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, Centre Aorte Timone, AP-HM, CHU La Timone Adultes, 13014 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Milleron
- Centre National de Référence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, VASCERN HTAD European Reference Centre, Service de Cardiologie, AP-HP, CHU Bichat, INSERM U 1148 LVTS, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Yves Dulac
- Centre de Référence Constitutif Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, Hôpital des Enfants, CHU de Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Olivier-Faivre
- Centre de Compétence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, Hôpital des Enfants, CHU de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Dominique Stephan
- Centre de Compétence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, CHU Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Centre de Compétence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, Hôpital Sud, CHU de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France
| | - Damien Lanéelle
- Centre de Compétence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, CHU de la Côte de Nacre, 14033 Caen, France
| | - Sophie Dupuis-Girod
- Centre de Compétence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, CHU Hôpital Louis Pradel, 69500 Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Jondeau
- Centre National de Référence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, VASCERN HTAD European Reference Centre, Service de Cardiologie, AP-HP, CHU Bichat, INSERM U 1148 LVTS, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Bal-Theoleyre
- Centre de Référence Constitutif Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés, Centre Aorte Timone, AP-HM, CHU La Timone Adultes, 13014 Marseille, France
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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36
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Chou E, Pirruccello JP, Ellinor PT, Lindsay ME. Genetics and mechanisms of thoracic aortic disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:168-180. [PMID: 36131050 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00763-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aortic disease has many forms including aortic aneurysm and dissection, aortic coarctation or abnormalities in aortic function, such as loss of aortic distensibility. Genetic analysis in humans is one of the most important experimental approaches in uncovering disease mechanisms, but the relative infrequency of thoracic aortic disease compared with other cardiovascular conditions such as coronary artery disease has hindered large-scale identification of genetic associations. In the past decade, advances in machine learning technology coupled with large imaging datasets from biobank repositories have facilitated a rapid expansion in our capacity to measure and genotype aortic traits, resulting in the identification of dozens of genetic associations. In this Review, we describe the history of technological advances in genetic discovery and explain how newer technologies such as deep learning can rapidly define aortic traits at scale. Furthermore, we integrate novel genetic observations provided by these advances into our current biological understanding of thoracic aortic disease and describe how these new findings can contribute to strategies to prevent and treat aortic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Chou
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James P Pirruccello
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Agrafiotis E, Mayer C, Grabenwöger M, Zimpfer D, Regitnig P, Mächler H, Holzapfel GA. Global and local stiffening of ex vivo-perfused stented human thoracic aortas: A mock circulation study. Acta Biomater 2023; 161:170-183. [PMID: 36849029 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) on the biomechanical properties of aortic tissue have not been adequately studied. Understanding these features is important for the management of endograft-triggered complications of a biomechanical nature. This study aims to examine how stent-graft implantation affects the elastomechanical behavior of the aorta. Non-pathological human thoracic aortas (n=10) were subjected to long-standing perfusion (8h) within a mock circulation loop under physiological conditions. To quantify compliance and its mismatch in the test periods without and with a stent, the aortic pressure and the proximal cyclic circumferential displacement were measured. After perfusion, biaxial tension tests (stress-stretch) were carried out to examine the stiffness profiles between non-stented and stented tissue, followed by a histological assessment. Experimental evidence shows: (i) a significant reduction in aortic distensibility after TEVAR, indicating aortic stiffening and compliance mismatch, (ii) a stiffer behavior of the stented samples compared to the non-stented samples with an earlier entry into the nonlinear part of the stress-stretch curve and (iii) strut-induced histological remodeling of the aortic wall. The biomechanical and histological comparison of the non-stented and stented aortas provides new insights into the interaction between the stent-graft and the aortic wall. The knowledge gained could refine the stent-graft design to minimize the stent-induced impacts on the aortic wall and the resulting complications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Stent-related cardiovascular complications occur the moment the stent-graft expands on the human aortic wall. Clinicians base their diagnosis on the anatomical morphology of CT scans while neglecting the endograft-triggered biomechanical events that compromise aortic compliance and wall mechanotransduction. Experimental replication of endovascular repair in cadaver aortas within a mock circulation loop may have a catalytic effect on biomechanical and histological findings without an ethical barrier. Demonstrating interactions between the stent and the wall can help clinicians make a broader diagnosis such as ECG-triggered oversizing and stent-graft characteristics based on patient-specific anatomical location and age. In addition, the results can be used to optimize towards more aortophilic stent grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Mayer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Grabenwöger
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Zimpfer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Regitnig
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Heinrich Mächler
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard A Holzapfel
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
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Ming Y, Zhou X, Liu G, Abudupataer M, Zhu S, Xiang B, Yin X, Lai H, Sun Y, Wang C, Li J, Zhu K. PM2.5 exposure exacerbates mice thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection by inducing smooth muscle cell apoptosis via the MAPK pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137500. [PMID: 36495979 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a major public health concern worldwide. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of PM2.5 exposure on thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) has not been fully elucidated. Diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) is an important component of PM2.5, which causes health effects and is closely related to the incidence of cardiovascular disease. In the current study, we found that DEP exposure increased the incidence of aortic dissection (AD) in β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN)-induced thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). In addition, exposure to PM2.5 increased the diameter of the thoracic aorta in mice models. The number of apoptotic cells increased in the aortic wall of PM2.5-treated mice, as did the protein expression level of BAX/Bcl2 and cleaved caspase3/caspase3. Using a rhythmically stretching aortic mechanical simulation model, fluorescent staining indicated that PM2.5 administration could induce mitochondrial dysfunction and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Furthermore, ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways participated in the apoptosis of HASMCs after PM2.5 exposure. Therefore, we concluded that PM2.5 exposure could exacerbate the progression of TAAD, which could be induced by the increased apoptosis in HASMCs through the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ming
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mieradilijiang Abudupataer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shichao Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bitao Xiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiujie Yin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Lai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zhang C, Li Y, Chakraborty A, Li Y, Rebello KR, Ren P, Luo W, Zhang L, Lu HS, Cassis LA, Coselli JS, Daugherty A, LeMaire SA, Shen YH. Aortic Stress Activates an Adaptive Program in Thoracic Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells That Maintains Aortic Strength and Protects Against Aneurysm and Dissection in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:234-252. [PMID: 36579645 PMCID: PMC9877188 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When aortic cells are under stress, such as increased hemodynamic pressure, they adapt to the environment by modifying their functions, allowing the aorta to maintain its strength. To understand the regulation of this adaptive response, we examined transcriptomic and epigenomic programs in aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during the adaptive response to AngII (angiotensin II) infusion and determined its importance in protecting against aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD). METHODS We performed single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell sequencing assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (scATAC-seq) analyses in a mouse model of sporadic AAD induced by AngII infusion. We also examined the direct effects of YAP (yes-associated protein) on the SMC adaptive response in vitro. The role of YAP in AAD development was further evaluated in AngII-infused mice with SMC-specific Yap deletion. RESULTS In wild-type mice, AngII infusion increased medial thickness in the thoracic aorta. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed an adaptive response in thoracic SMCs characterized by upregulated genes with roles in wound healing, elastin and collagen production, proliferation, migration, cytoskeleton organization, cell-matrix focal adhesion, and PI3K-PKB/Akt (phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B/Akt) and TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta) signaling. ScATAC-seq analysis showed increased chromatin accessibility at regulatory regions of adaptive genes and revealed the mechanical sensor YAP/transcriptional enhanced associate domains as a top candidate transcription complex driving the expression of these genes (eg, Lox, Col5a2, Tgfb2). In cultured human aortic SMCs, cyclic stretch activated YAP, which directly bound to adaptive gene regulatory regions (eg, Lox) and increased their transcript abundance. SMC-specific Yap deletion in mice compromised this adaptive response in SMCs, leading to an increased AAD incidence. CONCLUSIONS Aortic stress triggers the systemic epigenetic induction of an adaptive response (eg, wound healing, proliferation, matrix organization) in thoracic aortic SMCs that depends on functional biomechanical signal transduction (eg, YAP signaling). Our study highlights the importance of the adaptive response in maintaining aortic homeostasis and preventing AAD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Yanming Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Abhijit Chakraborty
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Yang Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Kimberly R Rebello
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Pingping Ren
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Wei Luo
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Lin Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
| | - Hong S Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (H.S.L., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Physiology (H.S.L., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.S.)
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (H.S.L., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Physiology (H.S.L., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Scott A LeMaire
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.S.)
| | - Ying H Shen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.Z., Y.L., A.C., Y.L., K.R.R., P.R., W.L., L.Z., J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S.C., S.A.L., Y.S.)
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Zhu F, Chen J, Luo M, Yao D, Hu X, Guo Y. EphrinB2 promotes the human aortic smooth muscle cell growth and migration via mediating F-actin remodeling. Vascular 2023; 31:142-151. [PMID: 34854323 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211052196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the potential effect of EphrinB2 in human thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) and to illustrate the mechanisms governing the role of EphrinB2 in the growth of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). METHODS In the study, EphrinB2 expression was investigated by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 12 pairs of TAD and adjacent human tissues. HASMCs were used for in vitro experiments. Next, EphrinB2 overexpression and depletion in HASMCs were established by EphrinB2-overexpressing vectors and small interfering RNA, respectively. The transfection efficiency was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The effects of overexpression and depletion of EphrinB2 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were tested in vitro. Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and transwell migration/invasion, and wound healing assay were used to explore the function of EphrinB2 on HASMC cell lines. The relationship between EphrinB2 and F-actin was assessed by Western blot, immunofluorescence, and Co-IP. RESULTS We found that EphrinB2 was a prognostic biomarker of TAD patients. Moreover, EphrinB2 expression negatively correlated to aortic dissection tissues, and disease incidence of males, suggesting that EphrinB2 might act as a TAD suppressor by promoting proliferation or decreasing apoptosis in HASMC. Next, over-expression of EphrinB2 in HASMC lines drove cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis while knockdown EphrinB2 showed the opposite phenomenon, respectively. Furthermore, the level of F-actin in mRNA, protein, and distribution in HASMC cell lines highly matched with the expression of EphrinB2, which indicated that EphrinB2 could mediate the HASMC cytoskeleton via inducing F-actin. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results first provided the pivotal role of EphrinB2 in HASMC proliferation initiated by mediating F-actin and demonstrated a prognostic biomarker and the potential targets for therapy to prevent thoracic aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Disease Hospital, Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, 74754Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, 34736Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongting Yao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, 74754Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, 74754Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Disease Hospital, Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Liang Q, Zhou Z, Li H, Tao Q, Wang Y, Lin A, Xu J, Zhang B, Wu Y, Min H, Wang L, Song S, Wang D, Gao Q. Identification of pathological-related and diagnostic potential circular RNAs in Stanford type A aortic dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1074835. [PMID: 36712253 PMCID: PMC9880160 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1074835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is one of the lethal macrovascular diseases caused by the invasion of blood into the media layer of ascending aortic wall. Inflammation, smooth muscle dysfunction, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were regarded as the major pathology in affected tissue. However, the expression pattern and its regulation especially through circular RNAs (circRNAs) as an overall characteristic of TAAD molecular pathology remain unclear. Methods We employed CIRCexplorer2 to identify circRNAs based on the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of human ascending aortic tissues to systematically assess the role of circRNA in the massive alterations of gene expression in TAAD aortas. The key circRNAs were determined by LASSO model and functionally annotated by competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network and co-analysis with mRNA profile. The expression level and diagnostic capability of the 4 key circRNAs in peripheral serum were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The 4 key circRNAs, namely circPTGR1 (chr9:114341075-114348445[-]), circNOX4 (chr11:89069012-89106660[-]), circAMN1 (chr12:31854796-31862359[-]) and circUSP3 (chr15:63845913-63855207[+]), demonstrated a high power to discriminate between TAAD and control tissues, suggesting that these molecules stand for a major difference between the tissues at gene regulation level. Functionally, the ceRNA network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA predicted by the online databases, combining gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and cell component prediction, revealed that the identified circRNAs covered all the aspects of primary TAAD pathology, centralized with increasing inflammatory factors and cells, and ECM destruction and loss of vascular inherent cells along with the circRNAs. Importantly, we validated the high concentration and diagnostic capability of the 4 key circRNAs in the peripheral serum in TAAD patients. Discussion This study reinforces the vital status of circRNAs in TAAD and the possibility of serving as promising diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeyi Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Nanjing University, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Nanjing University, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Central Laboratory, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Min
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Song
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Nanjing University, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Qian Gao ✉
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Dongjin Wang ✉
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Lowis C, Ramara Winaya A, Kumari P, Rivera CF, Vlahos J, Hermantara R, Pratama MY, Ramkhelawon B. Mechanosignals in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1021934. [PMID: 36698932 PMCID: PMC9868277 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1021934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence has shown that mechanical and frictional forces exert distinct effects in the multi-cellular aortic layers and play a significant role in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). These mechanical cues collectively trigger signaling cascades relying on mechanosensory cellular hubs that regulate vascular remodeling programs leading to the exaggerated degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), culminating in lethal aortic rupture. In this review, we provide an update and summarize the current understanding of the mechanotransduction networks in different cell types during AAA development. We focus on different mechanosensors and stressors that accumulate in the AAA sac and the mechanotransduction cascades that contribute to inflammation, oxidative stress, remodeling, and ECM degradation. We provide perspectives on manipulating this mechano-machinery as a new direction for future research in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Lowis
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedicine, Indonesia International Institute for Life-Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aurellia Ramara Winaya
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedicine, Indonesia International Institute for Life-Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Puja Kumari
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cristobal F. Rivera
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - John Vlahos
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rio Hermantara
- Department of Biomedicine, Indonesia International Institute for Life-Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yogi Pratama
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bhama Ramkhelawon
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Mei J, Ding W, Yu H, Zhao X, Xu H, Wang K, Jia Z, Li B. Different hemodynamic factors cause the occurrence of superior mesenteric atherosclerotic stenosis and superior mesenteric artery dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1121224. [PMID: 37144058 PMCID: PMC10151904 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1121224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the hemodynamic factors involved in the occurrence of superior mesenteric atherosclerotic stenosis (SMAS) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) dissection (SMAD). Methods Hospital records were searched to identify consecutive patients who were diagnosed with SMAS or SMAD between January 2015 and December 2021. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation method was used to assess the hemodynamic factors of the SMA in these patients. Histologic analysis was also performed on SMA specimens obtained from 10 cadavers, and scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate collagen microstructure. Results A total of 124 patients with SMAS and 61 patients with SMAD were included. Most SMASs were circumferentially distributed at the SMA root, whereas the origin of most SMADs was located on the anterior wall of the curved segment of the SMA. Vortex, higher turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and lower wall shear stress (WSS) were observed near plaques; higher TKE and WSS were seen near dissection origins. The intima in the SMA root (388.5 ± 202.3 µm) was thicker than in the curved (243.8 ± 100.5 µm; p = .007) and distal (183.7 ± 88.0 µm; p < .001) segments. The media in the anterior wall (353.1 ± 37.6 µm) was thinner than that in the posterior wall (473.7 ± 142.8 µm; p = .02) in the curved segment of the SMA. The gaps in the lamellar structure in the SMA root were larger than in the curved and distal segments. The collagen microstructure was more substantially disturbed in the anterior wall than in the posterior wall in the curved segment of the SMA. Conclusion Different hemodynamic factors in different portions of the SMA are related to local pathological changes in the SMA wall and may lead to the occurrence of SMAS or SMAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Mei
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxin, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhongzhi Jia
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Correspondence: Zhongzhi Jia Benling Li
| | - Benling Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Correspondence: Zhongzhi Jia Benling Li
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Zhu T, Mian O, Boodhwani M, Beauchesne L, Dennie C, Chan K, Wells GA, Rubens F, Coutinho T. Combining Aortic Size With Arterial Hemodynamics Enhances Assessment of Future Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Expansion. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:40-48. [PMID: 36374804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a deadly disease whose current method for risk stratification (aneurysm size) is imperfect. We sought to evaluate whether combining aortic size with hemodynamic measures that reflect the aorta's function was superior to aortic size alone in the assessment of TAA expansion. METHODS One hundred thirty-seven nonoperated participants with TAA were followed prospectively. Aortic stiffness and pulsatile hemodynamics were noninvasively assessed at baseline with a combination of arterial tonometry with echocardiography using validated methodology. Aneurysm growth was calculated from standard imaging modalities. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for potential confounders evaluated the association of aneurysm size and arterial hemodynamics, alone and in combination, with TAA growth. RESULTS Sixty-nine percent of participants were male. Mean ± SD age, baseline aneurysm size, follow-up, and aneurysm expansion were, respectively, 62.2 ± 11.4 years, 45.9 ± 4.0 mm, 4.5 ± 1.9 years, and 0.41 ± 0.46 mm/year. In the linear regression models, the standardised β (β∗) for the association of aneurysm size with aneurysm expansion was 0.178 (P = 0.044). This was improved by combining aortic size with most measures of aortic function, with β∗ ranging from 0.192 (for aneurysm size combined with central diastolic blood pressure) to 0.484 (for aneurysm size combined with carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity) (P ≤ 0.05 for each). CONCLUSIONS Combining aneurysm size with measures of arterial function improves assessment of aneurysm growth over TAA size alone, which is the standard for clinical decisions in TAA. Thus, combining aneurysm size with measures of aortic function provides a clinical advantage in the assessment of TAA disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Zhu
- APEX Heart Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Owais Mian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Munir Boodhwani
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luc Beauchesne
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carole Dennie
- Department of Radiology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kwan Chan
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - George A Wells
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fraser Rubens
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thais Coutinho
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wang H, Wang C, Yang P, Lu C, Liu Y, Xu Z, Xie Y, Hu J. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analysis identification of succinylation related proteins in pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15258. [PMID: 37193023 PMCID: PMC10183161 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) are devastating cardiovascular diseases with a high rate of disability and mortality. Lysine succinylation, a newly found post-translational modification, has been reported to play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. However, how succinylation modification influences TAAD remains obscure. Methods Ascending aortic tissues were obtained from patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA, n = 6), thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) with pre-existing aortic aneurysm (n = 6), and healthy subjects (n = 6). Global lysine succinylation level was analyzed by Western blotting. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were analyzed by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and mass spectrometry. Succinylation-related proteins selected from the literature review and AmiGO database were set as a reference inventory for further analysis. Then, the pathological aortic sections were chosen to verify the proteomic results by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Results The level of global lysine succinylation significantly increased in TAA and TAD patients compared with healthy subjects. Of all proteins identified by proteomic analysis, 197 common DEPs were screened both in TAA and TAD group compared with the control group, of which 93 proteins were significantly upregulated while 104 were downregulated. Among these 197 DEPs, OXCT1 overlapped with the succinylation-related proteins and was selected as the target protein involved in thoracic aortic pathogenesis. OXCT1 was further verified by Western blotting and qRT-PCR, and the results showed that OXCT1 in TAA and TAD patients was significantly lower than that in healthy donors (p < 0.001), which was consistent with the proteomic results. Conclusions OXCT1 represents novel biomarkers for lysine succinylation of TAAD and might be a therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guang’an Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guang’an, China
| | - Haiyue Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenhao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenyuan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guang’an Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guang’an, China
- Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li Y, Ma X, Mei S, Ji Y, Wang D, He L, Sun D, Yan J. mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA expression profiles in a new aortic dissection murine model induced by hypoxia and Ang II. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:984087. [PMID: 36386298 PMCID: PMC9643159 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.984087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Aortic dissection (AD) is a cardiovascular emergency with degeneration of the aortic media. Mounting evidence indicates obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as an independent risk factor for AD development with unknown mechanisms. This study aims to establish a stable murine model of OSA-related AD (OSA-AD) and uncover the potential changes in gene transcripts in OSA-AD. Materials and methods ApoE–/– mice were exposed to the chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) system combined with Ang II administration to establish the OSA-AD model. Pathological staining was performed to exhibit the physiological structure of the mouse aorta. The SBC mouse ceRNA microarray was used to identify significantly differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, DE long-non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs), and DE circular RNAs (DEcircRNAs) in OSA-AD tissues. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses, were performed to evaluate the function of the significantly differentially expressed transcripts (DETs). The hub genes were confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results ApoE–/– mice exposed to CIH and Ang II showed a high ratio of aortic accident (73.33%) and significant aortic diameter dilatation (1.96 ± 0.175 mm). A total of 1,742 mRNAs, 2,625 lncRNAs, and 537 circRNAs were identified as DETs (LogFC ≥ 1.5 or ≤ –1.5, P < 0.05). GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were most enriched in cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation, and hypoxia-related terms, which are closely related to aortic structural homeostasis. The PPI network contained 609 nodes and 934 connections, the hub genes were highlighted with the CytoHubba plugin and confirmed by qRT-PCR in AD tissues. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the cis-regulated genes of DElncRNAs and circRNAs-host genes were enriched in aortic structural homeostasis-related pathways. Conclusion Our findings help establish a de novo OSA-AD animal model using ApoE–/– mice. Many DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs, and DEcircRNAs were screened for the first time in OSA-AD tissues. Our findings provide useful bioinformatics data for understanding the molecular mechanism of OSA-AD and developing potential therapeutic strategies for OSA-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaozhu Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Mei
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueping Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Liqun He,
| | - Dating Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Dating Sun,
| | - Jiangtao Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangtao Yan,
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Yamaguchi T, Morino K. Perivascular mechanical environment: A narrative review of the role of externally applied mechanical force in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:944356. [PMID: 36337892 PMCID: PMC9629355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.944356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is promoted by systemic factors, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, which cause atherosclerosis in blood vessels throughout the body. However, atherosclerotic lesions are characterized by their frequent occurrence in specific vessels and sites. Blood vessels are exposed to various mechanical forces related to blood pressure and flow. Although shear stress promotes the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, the pathogenesis of site specificity of atherosclerosis is not sufficiently explained by shear stress. We propose the concept of a perivascular mechanical environment (PVME). Compelling evidence suggests that site specificity in atherosclerotic lesions depends on a distinct local PVME. Atheroprone arteries, such as the coronary artery, are markedly affected by externally applied mechanical force (EMF), whereas atheroprotective arteries, such as the internal thoracic artery, are less affected. Recent studies have shown that the coronary artery is affected by cardiac muscle contraction, the carotid artery by the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage, and the abdominal aorta and lower extremity arteries by musculoskeletal motion. We speculate that the thoracic cage protects the internal thoracic artery from EMF owing to a favorable PVME. Furthermore, evidence suggests that plaque eccentricity is provided by EMF; plaques are frequently observed on an external force-applied side. In each vascular tree, site-specific characteristics of the PVME differ substantially, inducing individual atherogenicity. From the perspective of the mechanical environment, hemodynamic stress occurs in an inside-out manner, whereas EMF occurs in an outside-in manner. These inward and outward forces apply mechanical load individually, but interact synergistically. The concept of a PVME is a novel pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and also might be a pathogenesis of other arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsutaro Morino
- Institutional Research Office, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Katsutaro Morino,
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48
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Kaw A, Pedroza AJ, Chattopadhyay A, Pinard A, Guo D, Kaw K, Zhou Z, Shad R, Fischbein MP, Kwartler CS, Milewicz DM. Mosaicism for the smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific knock-in of the Acta2 R179C pathogenic variant: Implications for gene editing therapies. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 171:102-104. [PMID: 35878552 PMCID: PMC11027732 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kaw
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Albert J Pedroza
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
| | - Abhijnan Chattopadhyay
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amelie Pinard
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dongchuan Guo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kaveeta Kaw
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rohan Shad
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
| | - Michael P Fischbein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
| | - Callie S Kwartler
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Ito S, Lu HS, Daugherty A, Sawada H. Embryonic Heterogeneity of Smooth Muscle Cells in the Complex Mechanisms of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091618. [PMID: 36140786 PMCID: PMC9498804 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the major cell type of the aortic wall and play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). TAAs occur in a region-specific manner with the proximal region being a common location. In this region, SMCs are derived embryonically from either the cardiac neural crest or the second heart field. These cells of distinct origins reside in specific locations and exhibit different biological behaviors in the complex mechanism of TAAs. The purpose of this review is to enhance understanding of the embryonic heterogeneity of SMCs in the proximal thoracic aorta and their functions in TAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Ito
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Saha Aortic Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Saha Aortic Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Saha Aortic Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Saha Aortic Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(859)-218-1705
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Joshi R, Han SB, Cho WK, Kim DH. The role of cellular traction forces in deciphering nuclear mechanics. Biomater Res 2022; 26:43. [PMID: 36076274 PMCID: PMC9461125 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular forces exerted on the extracellular matrix (ECM) during adhesion and migration under physiological and pathological conditions regulate not only the overall cell morphology but also nuclear deformation. Nuclear deformation can alter gene expression, integrity of the nuclear envelope, nucleus-cytoskeletal connection, chromatin architecture, and, in some cases, DNA damage responses. Although nuclear deformation is caused by the transfer of forces from the ECM to the nucleus, the role of intracellular organelles in force transfer remains unclear and a challenging area of study. To elucidate nuclear mechanics, various factors such as appropriate biomaterial properties, processing route, cellular force measurement technique, and micromanipulation of nuclear forces must be understood. In the initial phase of this review, we focused on various engineered biomaterials (natural and synthetic extracellular matrices) and their manufacturing routes along with the properties required to mimic the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discussed the principle of tools used to measure the cellular traction force generated during cell adhesion and migration, followed by recently developed techniques to gauge nuclear mechanics. In the last phase of this review, we outlined the principle of traction force microscopy (TFM), challenges in the remodeling of traction forces, microbead displacement tracking algorithm, data transformation from bead movement, and extension of 2-dimensional TFM to multiscale TFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Joshi
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Han
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Ki Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hwee Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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