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Baker JG, Summers RJ. Adrenoceptors: Receptors, Ligands and Their Clinical Uses, Molecular Pharmacology and Assays. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38926158 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The nine G protein-coupled adrenoceptor subtypes are where the endogenous catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline interact with cells. Since they are important therapeutic targets, over a century of effort has been put into developing drugs that modify their activity. This chapter provides an outline of how we have arrived at current knowledge of the receptors, their physiological roles and the methods used to develop ligands. Initial studies in vivo and in vitro with isolated organs and tissues progressed to cell-based techniques and the use of cloned adrenoceptor subtypes together with high-throughput assays that allow close examination of receptors and their signalling pathways. The crystal structures of many of the adrenoceptor subtypes have now been determined opening up new possibilities for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian G Baker
- Cell Signalling, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Roger J Summers
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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2
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Xu B, Bahriz S, Salemme VR, Wang Y, Zhu C, Zhao M, Xiang YK. Differential Downregulation of β 1-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in the Heart. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033733. [PMID: 38860414 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic sympathetic stimulation drives desensitization and downregulation of β1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR) in heart failure. We aim to explore the differential downregulation subcellular pools of β1AR signaling in the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS We applied chronic infusion of isoproterenol to induced cardiomyopathy in male C57BL/6J mice. We applied confocal and proximity ligation assay to examine β1AR association with L-type calcium channel, ryanodine receptor 2, and SERCA2a ((Sarco)endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a) and Förster resonance energy transfer-based biosensors to probe subcellular β1AR-PKA (protein kinase A) signaling in ventricular myocytes. Chronic infusion of isoproterenol led to reduced β1AR protein levels, receptor association with L-type calcium channel and ryanodine receptor 2 measured by proximity ligation (puncta/cell, 29.65 saline versus 14.17 isoproterenol, P<0.05), and receptor-induced PKA signaling at the plasma membrane (Förster resonance energy transfer, 28.9% saline versus 1.9% isoproterenol, P<0.05) and ryanodine receptor 2 complex (Förster resonance energy transfer, 30.2% saline versus 10.6% isoproterenol, P<0.05). However, the β1AR association with SERCA2a was enhanced (puncta/cell, 51.4 saline versus 87.5 isoproterenol, P<0.05), and the receptor signal was minimally affected. The isoproterenol-infused hearts displayed decreased PDE4D (phosphodiesterase 4D) and PDE3A and increased PDE2A, PDE4A, and PDE4B protein levels. We observed a reduced role of PDE4 and enhanced roles of PDE2 and PDE3 on the β1AR-PKA activity at the ryanodine receptor 2 complexes and myocyte shortening. Despite the enhanced β1AR association with SERCA2a, the endogenous norepinephrine-induced signaling was reduced at the SERCA2a complexes. Inhibiting monoamine oxidase A rescued the norepinephrine-induced PKA signaling at the SERCA2a and myocyte shortening. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals distinct mechanisms for the downregulation of subcellular β1AR signaling in the heart under chronic adrenergic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- VA Northern California Health Care System Mather CA USA
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Sherif Bahriz
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt
| | - Victoria R Salemme
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Yang K Xiang
- VA Northern California Health Care System Mather CA USA
- Department of Pharmacology University of California at Davis Davis CA USA
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3
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Redeker KEM, Schröder S, Dücker C, Brockmöller J, Gebauer L. Targeted mutagenesis of negatively charged amino acids outlining the substrate translocation path within the human organic cation transporter 3. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116188. [PMID: 38580166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Recently published cryo-EM structures of human organic cation transporters of the SLC22 family revealed seven, sequentially arranged glutamic and aspartic acid residues, which may be relevant for interactions with positively charged substrates. We analyzed the functional consequences of removing those negative charges by creating D155N, E232Q, D382N, E390Q, E451Q, E459Q, and D478N mutants of OCT3. E232Q, E459Q, and D478N resulted in a lack of localization in the outer cell membrane and no relevant uptake activity. However, D155N and E451Q showed a substrate-specific loss of transport activity, whereas E390Q had no remaining activity despite correct membrane localization. In contrast, D382N showed almost wild-type-like uptake. D155 is located at the entrance to the substrate binding pocket and could, therefore be involved in guiding cationic substrates towards the inside of the binding pocket. For E390, we confirm its critical function for transporter function as it was recently shown for the corresponding position in OCT1. Interestingly, E451 seems to be located at the bottom of the binding pocket in the outward-open confirmation of the transporter. Substrate-specific loss of transport activity of the E451Q variant suggests an essential role in the transport cycle of specific substances as part of an opportunistic binding site. In general, our study highlights the impact of the cryo-EM structures in guiding mutagenesis studies to understand the molecular level of transporter-ligand interactions, and it also confirms the importance of testing multiple substrates in mutagenesis studies of polyspecific OCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra-Elisa M Redeker
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Sophie Schröder
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christof Dücker
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brockmöller
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Gebauer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
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4
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Yan T, Song S, Sun W, Ge Y. HAPLN1 knockdown inhibits heart failure development via activating the PKA signaling pathway. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:197. [PMID: 38580957 PMCID: PMC10996236 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a heterogeneous syndrome that affects millions worldwide, resulting in substantial health and economic burdens. However, the molecular mechanism of HF pathogenesis remains unclear. METHODS HF-related key genes were screened by a bioinformatics approach.The impacts of HAPLN1 knockdown on Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AC16 cells were assessed through a series of cell function experiments. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis-related factors. The HF rat model was induced by subcutaneous injection isoprenaline and histopathologic changes in the cardiac tissue were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and echocardiographic index. Downstream pathways regulated by HAPLN1 was predicted through bioinformatics and then confirmed in vivo and in vitro by western blot. RESULTS Six hub genes were screened, of which HAPLN1, FMOD, NPPB, NPPA, and COMP were overexpressed, whereas NPPC was downregulated in HF. Further research found that silencing HAPLN1 promoted cell viability and reduced apoptosis in Ang II-induced AC16 cells. HAPLN1 knockdown promoted left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), while decreasing left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) in the HF rat model. HAPLN1 knockdown promoted the levels of GSH and suppressed the levels of MDA, LDH, TNF-α, and IL-6. Mechanistically, silencing HAPLN1 activated the PKA pathway, which were confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION HAPLN1 knockdown inhibited the progression of HF by activating the PKA pathway, which may provide novel perspectives on the management of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Ward 1, No. 139 Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255400, China
| | - Shushuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, No. 201 Nanjing Road, Shibei District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266034, China
| | - Wendong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, No. 139 Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255400, China
| | - Yiping Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, No. 201 Nanjing Road, Shibei District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266034, China.
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5
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Fu Q, Wang Y, Yan C, Xiang YK. Phosphodiesterase in heart and vessels: from physiology to diseases. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:765-834. [PMID: 37971403 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00015.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides, including cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Both cyclic nucleotides are critical secondary messengers in the neurohormonal regulation in the cardiovascular system. PDEs precisely control spatiotemporal subcellular distribution of cyclic nucleotides in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, playing critical roles in physiological responses to hormone stimulation in the heart and vessels. Dysregulation of PDEs has been linked to the development of several cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, aneurysm, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Targeting these enzymes has been proven effective in treating cardiovascular diseases and is an attractive and promising strategy for the development of new drugs. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the complex regulation of PDE isoforms in cardiovascular function, highlighting the divergent and even opposing roles of PDE isoforms in different pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs Northern California Healthcare System, Mather, California, United States
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6
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Lin TY, Mai QN, Zhang H, Wilson E, Chien HC, Yee SW, Giacomini KM, Olgin JE, Irannejad R. Cardiac contraction and relaxation are regulated by distinct subcellular cAMP pools. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:62-73. [PMID: 37474759 PMCID: PMC10746541 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Cells interpret a variety of signals through G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and stimulate the generation of second messengers such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). A long-standing puzzle is deciphering how GPCRs elicit different physiological responses despite generating similar levels of cAMP. We previously showed that some GPCRs generate cAMP from both the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Here we demonstrate that cardiomyocytes distinguish between subcellular cAMP inputs to elicit different physiological outputs. We show that generating cAMP from the Golgi leads to the regulation of a specific protein kinase A (PKA) target that increases the rate of cardiomyocyte relaxation. In contrast, cAMP generation from the plasma membrane activates a different PKA target that increases contractile force. We further validated the physiological consequences of these observations in intact zebrafish and mice. Thus, we demonstrate that the same GPCR acting through the same second messenger regulates cardiac contraction and relaxation dependent on its subcellular location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quynh N Mai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily Wilson
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Huan-Chieh Chien
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Sook Wah Yee
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Giacomini
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, California, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Olgin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roshanak Irannejad
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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7
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Kaludercic N, Arusei RJ, Di Lisa F. Recent advances on the role of monoamine oxidases in cardiac pathophysiology. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:41. [PMID: 37792081 PMCID: PMC10550854 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous physiological and pathological roles have been attributed to the formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the individual contribution of different mitochondrial processes independently of bioenergetics remains elusive and clinical treatments unavailable. A notable exception to this complexity is found in the case of monoamine oxidases (MAOs). Unlike other ROS-producing enzymes, especially within mitochondria, MAOs possess a distinct combination of defined molecular structure, substrate specificity, and clinically accessible inhibitors. Another significant aspect of MAO activity is the simultaneous generation of hydrogen peroxide alongside highly reactive aldehydes and ammonia. These three products synergistically impair mitochondrial function at various levels, ultimately jeopardizing cellular metabolic integrity and viability. This pathological condition arises from exacerbated MAO activity, observed in many cardiovascular diseases, thus justifying the exploration of MAO inhibitors as effective cardioprotective strategy. In this context, we not only summarize the deleterious roles of MAOs in cardiac pathologies and the positive effects resulting from genetic or pharmacological MAO inhibition, but also discuss recent findings that expand our understanding on the role of MAO in gene expression and cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kaludercic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy.
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza (IRP), 35127, Padua, Italy.
| | - Ruth Jepchirchir Arusei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy.
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 35131, Padua, Italy.
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8
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Dallagnol JCC, Volkovich M, Chatenet D, Allen BG, Hébert TE. G Protein-Biased Agonists for Intracellular Angiotensin Receptors Promote Collagen Secretion in Myofibroblasts. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2050-2062. [PMID: 37611227 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivatable ligands remain valuable tools to study the spatiotemporal aspects of cellular signaling. However, the synthesis, handling, and biological validation of such compounds remain challenging, especially when dealing with peptides. We report an optimized synthetic strategy, where laborious preparation of dimethoxy-nitrobenzyl-tyrosine building blocks was replaced by direct functionalization of amino acid side chains while peptides remained coupled to resin, reducing both preparation time and cost. Our caged peptides were designed to investigate cellular responses mediated by intracellular angiotensin II receptors (iATR) upon interaction with known biased and unbiased ligands. The pathophysiological roles of iATRs remain poorly understood, and we sought to develop ligands to explore this. Initial validation showed that our caged ligands undergo rapid photolysis and produced functionally active peptides upon UV exposure. We also show, for the first time, that different biased ligands (β-arrestin- vs G protein-biased analogues) evoked distinct responses when uncaged in adult rat myofibroblasts. Intracellularly targeted versions of Ang II (unbiased) or G protein-biased analogues (TRV055, TRV056) were more effective than β-arrestin-biased Ang II analogues (SI, TRV026, and TRV27) in inducing collagen secretion, suggesting a divergent role in regulating the fibrotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C C Dallagnol
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Groupe de Recherche en Ingénierie des Peptides et en Pharmacothérapie (GRIPP), Université du Québec, Laval H7V 5B7, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal H1T 1C8, Québec, Canada
| | - Mikhail Volkovich
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal H1T 1C8, Québec, Canada
| | - David Chatenet
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Groupe de Recherche en Ingénierie des Peptides et en Pharmacothérapie (GRIPP), Université du Québec, Laval H7V 5B7, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal H1T 1C8, Québec, Canada
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Québec, Canada
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
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9
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Wei W, Smrcka AV. Internalized β2-Adrenergic Receptors Inhibit Subcellular Phospholipase C-Dependent Cardiac Hypertrophic Signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.07.544153. [PMID: 37333278 PMCID: PMC10274790 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.07.544153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronically elevated neurohumoral drive, and particularly elevated adrenergic tone leading to β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) overstimulation in cardiac myocytes, is a key mechanism involved in the progression of heart failure. β1-AR and β2-ARs are the two major subtypes of β-ARs present in the human heart, however, they elicit different or even opposite effects on cardiac function and hypertrophy. For example, chronic activation of β1ARs drives detrimental cardiac remodeling while β2AR signaling is protective. The underlying molecular mechanisms for cardiac protection through β2ARs remain unclear. Here we show that β2-AR protects against hypertrophy through inhibition of PLCε signaling at the Golgi apparatus. The mechanism for β2AR-mediated PLC inhibition requires internalization of β2AR, activation of Gi and Gβγ subunit signaling at endosomes and ERK activation. This pathway inhibits both angiotensin II and Golgi-β1-AR-mediated stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis at the Golgi apparatus ultimately resulting in decreased PKD and HDAC5 phosphorylation and protection against cardiac hypertrophy. This reveals a mechanism for β2-AR antagonism of the PLCε pathway that may contribute to the known protective effects of β2-AR signaling on the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Alan V. Smrcka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, United States
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10
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Martinez JM, Shen A, Xu B, Jovanovic A, de Chabot J, Zhang J, Xiang YK. Arrestin-dependent nuclear export of phosphodiesterase 4D promotes GPCR-induced nuclear cAMP signaling required for learning and memory. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eade3380. [PMID: 36976866 PMCID: PMC10404024 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) promote the expression of immediate early genes required for learning and memory. Here, we showed that β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) stimulation induced the nuclear export of phosphodiesterase 4D5 (PDE4D5), an enzyme that degrades the second messenger cAMP, to enable memory consolidation. We demonstrated that the endocytosis of β2AR phosphorylated by GPCR kinases (GRKs) mediated arrestin3-dependent nuclear export of PDE4D5, which was critical for promoting nuclear cAMP signaling and gene expression in hippocampal neurons for memory consolidation. Inhibition of the arrestin3-PDE4D5 association prevented β2AR-induced nuclear cAMP signaling without affecting receptor endocytosis. Direct PDE4 inhibition rescued β2AR-induced nuclear cAMP signaling and ameliorated memory deficits in mice expressing a form of the β2AR that could not be phosphorylated by GRKs. These data reveal how β2AR phosphorylated by endosomal GRK promotes the nuclear export of PDE4D5, leading to nuclear cAMP signaling, changes in gene expression, and memory consolidation. This study also highlights the translocation of PDEs as a mechanism to promote cAMP signaling in specific subcellular locations downstream of GPCR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ao Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, 95655, USA
| | - Aleksandra Jovanovic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Josephine de Chabot
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yang K. Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, 95655, USA
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11
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Kiessling M, Djalinac N, Voglhuber J, Ljubojevic-Holzer S. Nuclear Calcium in Cardiac (Patho)Physiology: Small Compartment, Big Impact. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030960. [PMID: 36979939 PMCID: PMC10046765 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleus of a cardiomyocyte has been increasingly recognized as a morphologically distinct and partially independent calcium (Ca2+) signaling microdomain, with its own Ca2+-regulatory mechanisms and important effects on cardiac gene expression. In this review, we (1) provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on the dynamics and regulation of nuclear Ca2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes, (2) address the role of nuclear Ca2+ in the development and progression of cardiac pathologies, such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation, and (3) discuss novel aspects of experimental methods to investigate nuclear Ca2+ handling and its downstream effects in the heart. Finally, we highlight current challenges and limitations and recommend future directions for addressing key open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Kiessling
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Nataša Djalinac
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Julia Voglhuber
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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12
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Garland H. Subcellular Compartmentalization of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate in Heart Failure and Inotropic Pharmacology. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:480-482. [PMID: 36610855 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger downstream of many G-protein coupled receptors, including the β1-adrenoceptor, which is the target of many clinically used inotropic agents. When the Gαs subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein is activated, it causes a localized elevation of cAMP. The significance of the spatial distribution of the elevation in cAMP is increasingly recognized, as is the disturbance of these microdomains in diseased states. Herein, the spatial compartmentalization of inotropic signaling is explored, including from internalized receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw Garland
- St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
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13
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Ferro LA, Fernandes SLA, Kalinin AL, Monteiro DA. Effects of exposure to sediment-associated fipronil on cardiac function of Neotropical armored catfish Hypostomus regani. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:236-245. [PMID: 36803268 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2182582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil is widely used as a broad-spectrum insecticide in agriculture, urban environments, and veterinary medicine. Fipronil can enter aquatic ecosystems and spread to sediment and organic matter, representing a risk to non-target species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of short-term (96 h) exposure to a low and realistic concentration of sediment-associated fipronil (4.2 µg.kg-1 of Regent® 800 WG) on myocardial contractility of armored catfish Hypostomus regain, a benthic fish species. Fipronil exposure induced increased inotropism and acceleration of contractile kinetics, although no alterations in the relative ventricular mass were observed. This better cardiac function was associated with an elevated expression and/or function of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and its marked contribution to contraction and relaxation, probably due to a stress-induced adrenergic stimulation. Ventricle strips of exposed fish also exhibited a faster relaxation and a higher cardiac pumping capacity, indicating that armored catfish were able to perform cardiac adjustments to face the exposure. However, a high energetic cost to maintain an increased cardiac performance can make fish more susceptible to other stressors, impairing developmental processes and/or survival. These findings highlight the need for regulations of emerging contaminants, such as fipronil, to ensure adequate protection of the aquatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Abreu Ferro
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Carlos, Araraquara, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana Luisa Alves Fernandes
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Carlos, Araraquara, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Kalinin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana Amaral Monteiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Serum Catestatin Concentrations Are Increased in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10020085. [PMID: 36826581 PMCID: PMC9965955 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system is crucial in initiating and maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF). Catestatin is a multipurpose peptide that regulates cardiovascular systems and reduces harmful, excessive activity of the sympathetic nervous system by blocking the release of catecholamines. We aimed to determine whether serum catestatin concentrations are associated with AF severity, duration indices, and various clinical and laboratory indicators in these individuals to better define the clinical value of catestatin in patients with AF. The present single center study enrolled 73 participants with AF and 72 healthy age-matched controls. Serum catestatin concentrations were markedly higher in AF patients than controls (14.11 (10.21-26.02) ng/mL vs. 10.93 (5.70-20.01) ng/mL, p = 0.013). Furthermore, patients with a more severe form of AF had significantly higher serum catestatin (17.56 (12.80-40.35) vs. 10.98 (8.38-20.91) ng/mL, p = 0.001). Patients with higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores (17.58 (11.89-37.87) vs. 13.02 (8.47-22.75) ng/mL, p = 0.034) and higher NT-proBNP levels (17.58 (IQR 13.91-34.62) vs. 13.23 (IQR 9.04-22.61), p = 0.036) had significantly higher serum catestatin concentrations. Finally, AF duration correlated negatively with serum catestatin levels (r = -0.348, p = 0.003). The results of the present study implicate the promising role of catestatin in the intricate pathophysiology of AF, which should be explored in future research.
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15
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:90-108. [PMID: 36050457 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) modulate the neurohormonal regulation of cardiac function by degrading cAMP and cGMP. In cardiomyocytes, multiple PDE isozymes with different enzymatic properties and subcellular localization regulate local pools of cyclic nucleotides and specific functions. This organization is heavily perturbed during cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF), which can contribute to disease progression. Clinically, PDE inhibition has been considered a promising approach to compensate for the catecholamine desensitization that accompanies HF. Although PDE3 inhibitors, such as milrinone or enoximone, have been used clinically to improve systolic function and alleviate the symptoms of acute HF, their chronic use has proved to be detrimental. Other PDEs, such as PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, PDE5, PDE9 and PDE10, have emerged as new potential targets to treat HF, each having a unique role in local cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways. In this Review, we describe cAMP and cGMP signalling in cardiomyocytes and present the various PDE families expressed in the heart as well as their modifications in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and HF. We also appraise the evidence from preclinical models as well as clinical data pointing to the use of inhibitors or activators of specific PDEs that could have therapeutic potential in HF.
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16
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Jiménez-Sábado V, Casabella-Ramón S, Llach A, Gich I, Casellas S, Ciruela F, Chen SRW, Guerra JM, Ginel A, Benítez R, Cinca J, Tarifa C, Hove-Madsen L. Beta-blocker treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation attenuates spontaneous calcium release-induced electrical activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114169. [PMID: 36592495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with excessive spontaneous calcium release, linked to cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent phosphorylation of calcium regulatory proteins. Because β-blockers are expected to attenuate cAMP-dependent signaling, we aimed to examine whether the treatment of patients with β-blockers affected the incidence of spontaneous calcium release events or transient inward currents (ITI). METHODS The impact of treatment with commonly used β-blockers was analyzed in human atrial myocytes from 371 patients using patch-clamp technique, confocal calcium imaging or immunofluorescent labeling. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis taking into account potentially confounding effects of relevant clinical factors RESULTS: The L-type calcium current (ICa) density was diminished significantly in patients with chronic but not paroxysmal AF and the treatment of patients with β-blockers did not affect ICa density in any group. By contrast, the ITI frequency was elevated in patients with either paroxysmal or chronic AF that did not receive treatment, and β-blocker treatment reduced the frequency to levels observed in patients without AF. Confocal calcium imaging showed that β-blocker treatment also reduced the calcium spark frequency in patients with AF to levels observed in those without AF. Furthermore, phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) at Ser-2808 and phospholamban at Ser-16 was significantly lower in patients with AF that received β-blockers. CONCLUSION Together, our findings demonstrate that β-blocker treatment may be of therapeutic utility to prevent spontaneous calcium release-induced atrial electrical activity; especially in patients with a history of paroxysmal AF displaying preserved ICa density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Jiménez-Sábado
- CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Casabella-Ramón
- IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Llach
- IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Gich
- IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Casellas
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardíaca, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Dept. Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - S R Wayne Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - José M Guerra
- CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología and Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonino Ginel
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardíaca, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Benítez
- Dept. d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Univ. Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Cinca
- Servicio de Cardiología and Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Tarifa
- IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Wołowiec Ł, Grześk G, Osiak J, Wijata A, Mędlewska M, Gaborek P, Banach J, Wołowiec A, Głowacka M. Beta-blockers in cardiac arrhythmias-Clinical pharmacologist's point of view. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1043714. [PMID: 36699057 PMCID: PMC9868422 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
β-blockers is a vast group of antiarrhythmic drugs which differ in their pharmacokinetic and chemical properties. Some of them block β-adrenergic receptors selectively while the others work non-selectively. Consequently, they reduce the influence of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart, acting negatively inotropic, chronotropic, bathmotropic and dromotropic. Although they have been present in medicine since the beginning of the 1960s, they still play a crucial role in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. They are also first-line group of drugs used to control the ventricular rate in patients with the most common arrhythmia-atrial fibrillation. Previous reports indicate that infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus may constitute an additional risk factor for arrhythmia. Due to the aging of the population in developed countries and the increase in the number of patients with cardiac burden, the number of people suffering from cardiac arrhythmias will increase in the upcoming years. As a result the role of above-mentioned beta-blockers will remain significant. Particularly noteworthy is propranolol-the oldest beta adrenergic antagonist, which in recent years has found additional applications due to its unique properties. In this article, we reviewed the accessible literature and summarized the current guidelines on the use of beta-blockers in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Wołowiec
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland,*Correspondence: Łukasz Wołowiec,
| | - Grzegorz Grześk
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Joanna Osiak
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wijata
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Martyna Mędlewska
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Patryk Gaborek
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Joanna Banach
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Wołowiec
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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18
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Angenoorth TJF, Maier J, Stankovic S, Bhat S, Sucic S, Freissmuth M, Sitte HH, Yang JW. Rescue of Misfolded Organic Cation Transporter 3 Variants. Cells 2022; 12:39. [PMID: 36611832 PMCID: PMC9818475 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic cation transporters (OCTs) are membrane proteins that take up monoamines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics. We previously reported novel missense mutations of organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3, SLC22A3), some with drastically impacted transport capabilities compared to wildtype. For some variants, this was due to ER retention and subsequent degradation of the misfolded transporter. For other transporter families, it was previously shown that treatment of misfolded variants with pharmacological and chemical chaperones could restore transport function to a certain degree. To investigate two potentially ER-bound, misfolded variants (D340G and R348W), we employed confocal and biochemical analyses. In addition, radiotracer uptake assays were conducted to assess whether pre-treatment with chaperones could restore transporter function. We show that pre-treatment of cells with the chemical chaperone 4-PBA (4-phenyl butyric acid) leads to increased membrane expression of misfolded variants and is associated with increased transport capacity of D340G (8-fold) and R348W (1.5 times) compared to untreated variants. We herein present proof of principle that folding-deficient SLC22 transporter variants, in particular those of OCT3, are amenable to rescue by chaperones. These findings need to be extended to other SLC22 members with corroborated disease associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. F. Angenoorth
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Maier
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stevan Stankovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shreyas Bhat
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physics, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, 2960 Chemin de la Tour, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sonja Sucic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Freissmuth
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald H. Sitte
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jae-Won Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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19
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Structural basis of organic cation transporter-3 inhibition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6714. [PMID: 36344565 PMCID: PMC9640557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic cation transporters (OCTs) facilitate the translocation of catecholamines, drugs and xenobiotics across the plasma membrane in various tissues throughout the human body. OCT3 plays a key role in low-affinity, high-capacity uptake of monoamines in most tissues including heart, brain and liver. Its deregulation plays a role in diseases. Despite its importance, the structural basis of OCT3 function and its inhibition has remained enigmatic. Here we describe the cryo-EM structure of human OCT3 at 3.2 Å resolution. Structures of OCT3 bound to two inhibitors, corticosterone and decynium-22, define the ligand binding pocket and reveal common features of major facilitator transporter inhibitors. In addition, we relate the functional characteristics of an extensive collection of previously uncharacterized human genetic variants to structural features, thereby providing a basis for understanding the impact of OCT3 polymorphisms.
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20
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Xu B, Wang Y, Bahriz SMFM, Zhao M, Zhu C, Xiang YK. Probing spatiotemporal PKA activity at the ryanodine receptor and SERCA2a nanodomains in cardomyocytes. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:143. [PMID: 36104752 PMCID: PMC9472443 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSpatiotemporal regulation of subcellular protein kinase A (PKA) activity for precise substrate phosphorylation is essential for cellular responses to hormonal stimulation. Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and (sarco)endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) represent two critical targets of β adrenoceptor (βAR) signaling on the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane for cardiac excitation and contraction coupling. Using novel biosensors, we show that cardiac β1AR signals to both RyR2 and SERCA2a nanodomains in cardiomyocytes from mice, rats, and rabbits, whereas the β2AR signaling is restricted from these nanodomains. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) and PDE3 control the baseline PKA activity and prevent β2AR signaling from reaching the RyR2 and SERCA2a nanodomains. Moreover, blocking inhibitory G protein allows β2AR signaling to the RyR2 but not the SERCA2a nanodomains. This study provides evidence for the differential roles of inhibitory G protein and PDEs in controlling the adrenergic subtype signaling at the RyR2 and SERCA2a nanodomains in cardiomyocytes.
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21
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Benton KC, Wheeler DS, Kurtoglu B, Ansari MBZ, Cibich DP, Gonzalez DA, Herbst MR, Khursheed S, Knorr RC, Lobner D, Maglasang JG, Rohr KE, Taylor A, Twining RC, Witt PJ, Gasser PJ. Norepinephrine activates β 1 -adrenergic receptors at the inner nuclear membrane in astrocytes. Glia 2022; 70:1777-1794. [PMID: 35589612 PMCID: PMC9276628 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Norepinephrine exerts powerful influences on the metabolic, neuroprotective and immunoregulatory functions of astrocytes. Until recently, all effects of norepinephrine were believed to be mediated by receptors localized exclusively to the plasma membrane. However, recent studies in cardiomyocytes have identified adrenergic receptors localized to intracellular membranes, including Golgi and inner nuclear membranes, and have shown that norepinephrine can access these receptors via transporter-mediated uptake. We recently identified a high-capacity norepinephrine transporter, organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), densely localized to outer nuclear membranes in astrocytes, suggesting that adrenergic signaling may also occur at the inner nuclear membrane in these cells. Here, we used immunofluorescence and western blot to show that β1 -adrenergic receptors are localized to astrocyte inner nuclear membranes; that key adrenergic signaling partners are present in astrocyte nuclei; and that OCT3 and other catecholamine transporters are localized to astrocyte plasma and nuclear membranes. To test the functionality of nuclear membrane β1 -adrenergic receptors, we monitored real-time protein kinase A (PKA) activity in astrocyte nuclei using a fluorescent biosensor. Treatment of astrocytes with norepinephrine induced rapid increases in PKA activity in the nuclear compartment. Pretreatment of astrocytes with inhibitors of catecholamine uptake blocked rapid norepinephrine-induced increases in nuclear PKA activity. These studies, the first to document functional adrenergic receptors at the nuclear membrane in any central nervous system cell, reveal a novel mechanism by which norepinephrine may directly influence nuclear processes. This mechanism may contribute to previously described neuroprotective, metabolic and immunoregulatory actions of norepinephrine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beliz Kurtoglu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | | | - Daniel P. Cibich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Dante A. Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Matthew R. Herbst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Saema Khursheed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Rachel C. Knorr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Doug Lobner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Jenree G. Maglasang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Kayla E. Rohr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Analisa Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Robert C. Twining
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Paul J. Witt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Paul J. Gasser
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
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22
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Wei W, Smrcka AV. Subcellular β-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in Cardiac Physiology and Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:334-341. [PMID: 35881897 PMCID: PMC9452480 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adrenergic receptors are critical regulators of cardiac function with profound effects on cardiac output during sympathetic stimulation. Chronic stimulation of the adrenergic system of the heart under conditions of cardiac stress leads to cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and ultimately failure. Emerging data have revealed that G protein-coupled receptors in intracellular compartments are functionally active and regulate distinct cellular processes from those at the cell surface. β2 adrenergic receptors internalize onto endosomes in various cell types where they have recently been shown to continue to stimulate cAMP production to selectively regulate gene expression. Other studies have identified β1 adrenergic receptors at the nuclear envelope and the Golgi apparatus. Here, we discuss data on signaling by β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors in the heart and the possible influence of their subcellular locations on their divergent physiological functions in cardiac myocytes and in cardiac pathology. Understanding the relative roles of these receptors at these locations could have a significant impact on pharmacological targeting of these receptors for the treatment of heart failure and cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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23
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Mazurara GR, Dallagnol JCC, Chatenet D, Allen BG, Hébert TE. The complicated lives of GPCRs in cardiac fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C813-C822. [PMID: 35938678 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00120.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the cardiovascular system is well understood in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In the former, stimulation of Gs-coupled receptors leads to increases in contractility, while stimulation of Gq-coupled receptors modulates cellular survival and hypertrophic responses. In VSMCs, stimulation of GPCRs also modulates contractile and cell growth phenotypes. Here, we will focus on the relatively less well studied effects of GPCRs in cardiac fibroblasts, focusing on key signalling events involved in the activation and differentiation of these cells. We also review the hierarchy of signalling events driving the fibrotic response and the communications between fibroblasts and other cells in the heart. We discuss how such events may be distinct depending on where the GPCRs and their associated signalling machinery are localized in these cells with an emphasis on nuclear membrane-localized receptors. Finally, we explore what such connections between cell surface and nuclear GPCR signalling might mean for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace R Mazurara
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Juliana C C Dallagnol
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Groupe de Recherche en Ingénierie des Peptides et en Pharmacothérapie (GRIPP), Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Chatenet
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Groupe de Recherche en Ingénierie des Peptides et en Pharmacothérapie (GRIPP), Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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24
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Impact of R-Carvedilol on β2-Adrenergic Receptor-Mediated Spontaneous Calcium Release in Human Atrial Myocytes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071759. [PMID: 35885069 PMCID: PMC9313410 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of atrial fibrillation is an excess of spontaneous calcium release events, which can be mimicked by β1- or β2-adrenergic stimulation. Because β1-adrenergic receptor blockers (β1-blockers) are primarily used in clinical practice, we here examined the impact of β2-adrenergic stimulation on spontaneous calcium release and assessed whether the R- and S-enantiomers of the non-selective β- blocker carvedilol could reverse these effects. For this purpose, human atrial myocytes were isolated from patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and subjected to confocal calcium imaging or immunofluorescent labeling of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2). Interestingly, the β2-adrenergic agonist fenoterol increased the incidence of calcium sparks and waves to levels observed with the non-specific β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol. Moreover, fenoterol increased both the amplitude and duration of the sparks, facilitating their fusion into calcium waves. Subsequent application of the non β-blocking R-Carvedilol enantiomer reversed these effects of fenoterol in a dose-dependent manner. R-Carvedilol also reversed the fenoterol-induced phosphorylation of the RyR2 at Ser-2808 dose-dependently, and 1 µM of either R- or S-Carvedilol fully reversed the effect of fenoterol. Together, these findings demonstrate that β2-adrenergic stimulation alone stimulates RyR2 phosphorylation at Ser-2808 and spontaneous calcium release maximally, and points to carvedilol as a tool to attenuate the pathological activation of β2-receptors.
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Wang Y, Zhao M, Xu B, Bahriz SMF, Zhu C, Jovanovic A, Ni H, Jacobi A, Kaludercic N, Di Lisa F, Hell JW, Shih JC, Paolocci N, Xiang YK. Monoamine oxidase A and organic cation transporter 3 coordinate intracellular β 1AR signaling to calibrate cardiac contractile function. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:37. [PMID: 35842861 PMCID: PMC9288959 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have recently identified a pool of intracellular β1 adrenergic receptors (β1ARs) at the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) crucial for cardiac function. Here, we aim to characterize the integrative control of intracellular catecholamine for subcellular β1AR signaling and cardiac function. Using anchored Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensors and transgenic mice, we determined the regulation of compartmentalized β1AR-PKA signaling at the SR and plasma membrane (PM) microdomains by organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), two critical modulators of catecholamine uptake and homeostasis. Additionally, we examined local PKA substrate phosphorylation and excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocyte. Cardiac-specific deletion of MAO-A (MAO-A-CKO) elevates catecholamines and cAMP levels in the myocardium, baseline cardiac function, and adrenergic responses. Both MAO-A deletion and inhibitor (MAOi) selectively enhance the local β1AR-PKA activity at the SR but not PM, and augment phosphorylation of phospholamban, Ca2+ cycling, and myocyte contractile response. Overexpression of MAO-A suppresses the SR-β1AR-PKA activity and PKA phosphorylation. However, deletion or inhibition of OCT3 by corticosterone prevents the effects induced by MAOi and MAO-A deletion in cardiomyocytes. Deletion or inhibition of OCT3 also negates the effects of MAOi and MAO-A deficiency in cardiac function and adrenergic responses in vivo. Our data show that MAO-A and OCT3 act in concert to fine-tune the intracellular SR-β1AR-PKA signaling and cardiac fight-or-flight response. We reveal a drug contraindication between anti-inflammatory corticosterone and anti-depressant MAOi in modulating adrenergic regulation in the heart, providing novel perspectives of these drugs with cardiac implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Sherif M F Bahriz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aleksandra Jovanovic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Haibo Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ariel Jacobi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nina Kaludercic
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Padua, Italy
- Institute for Pediatric Research Città Della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jean C Shih
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA.
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26
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van Opbergen CJM, Bagwan N, Maurya SR, Kim JC, Smith AN, Blackwell DJ, Johnston JN, Knollmann BC, Cerrone M, Lundby A, Delmar M. Exercise Causes Arrhythmogenic Remodeling of Intracellular Calcium Dynamics in Plakophilin-2-Deficient Hearts. Circulation 2022; 145:1480-1496. [PMID: 35491884 PMCID: PMC9086182 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.057757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training, and catecholaminergic stimulation, increase the incidence of arrhythmic events in patients affected with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy correlated with plakophilin-2 (PKP2) mutations. Separate data show that reduced abundance of PKP2 leads to dysregulation of intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i) homeostasis. Here, we study the relation between excercise, catecholaminergic stimulation, Ca2+i homeostasis, and arrhythmogenesis in PKP2-deficient murine hearts. METHODS Experiments were performed in myocytes from a cardiomyocyte-specific, tamoxifen-activated, PKP2 knockout murine line (PKP2cKO). For training, mice underwent 75 minutes of treadmill running once per day, 5 days each week for 6 weeks. We used multiple approaches including imaging, high-resolution mass spectrometry, electrocardiography, and pharmacological challenges to study the functional properties of cells/hearts in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS In myocytes from PKP2cKO animals, training increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load, increased the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous ryanodine receptor (ryanodine receptor 2)-mediated Ca2+ release events (sparks), and changed the time course of sarcomeric shortening. Phosphoproteomics analysis revealed that training led to hyperphosphorylation of phospholamban in residues 16 and 17, suggesting a catecholaminergic component. Isoproterenol-induced increase in Ca2+i transient amplitude showed a differential response to β-adrenergic blockade that depended on the purported ability of the blockers to reach intracellular receptors. Additional experiments showed significant reduction of isoproterenol-induced Ca2+i sparks and ventricular arrhythmias in PKP2cKO hearts exposed to an experimental blocker of ryanodine receptor 2 channels. CONCLUSIONS Exercise disproportionately affects Ca2+i homeostasis in PKP2-deficient hearts in a manner facilitated by stimulation of intracellular β-adrenergic receptors and hyperphosphorylation of phospholamban. These cellular changes create a proarrhythmogenic state that can be mitigated by ryanodine receptor 2 blockade. Our data unveil an arrhythmogenic mechanism for exercise-induced or catecholaminergic life-threatening arrhythmias in the setting of PKP2 deficit. We suggest that membrane-permeable β-blockers are potentially more efficient for patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, highlight the potential for ryanodine receptor 2 channel blockers as treatment for the control of heart rhythm in the population at risk, and propose that PKP2-dependent and phospholamban-dependent arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy-related arrhythmias have a common mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal JM van Opbergen
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Navratan Bagwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svetlana R Maurya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joon-Chul Kim
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abigail N Smith
- Department of Chemistry & Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel J Blackwell
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Johnston
- Department of Chemistry & Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Björn C Knollmann
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marina Cerrone
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alicia Lundby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Shannon TR, Bare DJ, Van Dijk S, Raofi S, Huynh TNM, Xiang YK, Bossuyt J, Dodge-Kafka KL, Ginsburg KS, Bers DM. Subcellular Propagation of Cardiomyocyte β-Adrenergic Activation of Calcium Uptake Involves Internal β-Receptors and AKAP7. FUNCTION (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2022; 3:zqac020. [PMID: 35620477 PMCID: PMC9125612 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling in cardiac myocytes is central to cardiac function, but spatiotemporal activation within myocytes is unresolved. In rabbit ventricular myocytes, β-AR agonists or high extracellular [Ca] were applied locally at one end, to measure β-AR signal propagation as Ca-transient (CaT) amplitude and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca uptake. High local [Ca]o, increased CaT amplitude under the pipette faster than did ISO, but was also more spatially restricted. Local isoproterenol (ISO) or norepinephrine (NE) increased CaT amplitude and SR Ca uptake, that spread along the myocyte to the unexposed end. Thus, local [Ca]i decline kinetics reflect spatio-temporal progression of β-AR end-effects in myocytes. To test whether intracellular β-ARs contribute to this response, we used β-AR-blockers that are membrane permeant (propranolol) or not (sotalol). Propranolol completely blocked NE-dependent CaT effects. However, blocking surface β-ARs only (sotalol) suppressed only ∼50% of the NE-induced increase in CaT peak and rate of [Ca]i decline, but these changes spread more gradually than NE alone. We also tested whether A-kinase anchoring protein 7γ (AKAP7γ; that interacts with phospholamban) is mobile, such that it might contribute to intracellular spatial propagation of β-AR signaling. We found AKAP7γ to be highly mobile using fluorescence recovery after photobleach of GFP tagged AKAP7γ, and that PKA activation accelerated AKAP7γ-GFP wash-out upon myocyte saponin-permeabilization, suggesting increased AKAP7γ mobility. We conclude that local β-AR activation can activate SR Ca uptake at remote myocyte sites, and that intracellular β-AR and AKAP7γ mobility may play a role in this spread of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabine Van Dijk
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Shayan Raofi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tiffany N-M Huynh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA,VA Northern California, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Julie Bossuyt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kimberly L Dodge-Kafka
- Calhoun Center for Cardiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Kenneth S Ginsburg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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28
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Zaza A. Mobile Anchors. FUNCTION (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2022; 3:zqac024. [PMID: 36156892 PMCID: PMC9492286 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Chen H, Zhang S, Zhang X, Liu H. QR code model: a new possibility for GPCR phosphorylation recognition. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:23. [PMID: 35236365 PMCID: PMC8889771 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane proteins in the human body and are responsible for accurately transmitting extracellular information to cells. Arrestin is an important member of the GPCR signaling pathway. The main function of arrestin is to assist receptor desensitization, endocytosis and signal transduction. In these processes, the recognition and binding of arrestin to phosphorylated GPCRs is fundamental. However, the mechanism by which arrestin recognizes phosphorylated GPCRs is not fully understood. The GPCR phosphorylation recognition "bar code model" and "flute" model describe the basic process of receptor phosphorylation recognition in terms of receptor phosphorylation sites, arrestin structural changes and downstream signaling. These two models suggest that GPCR phosphorylation recognition is a process involving multiple factors. This process can be described by a "QR code" model in which ligands, GPCRs, G protein-coupled receptor kinase, arrestin, and phosphorylation sites work together to determine the biological functions of phosphorylated receptors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Suli Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Sijben HJ, Superti-Furga G, IJzerman AP, Heitman LH. Targeting solute carriers to modulate receptor–ligand interactions. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:358-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Agarwal SR, Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Harvey RD. Compartmentalized cAMP signaling in cardiac ventricular myocytes. Cell Signal 2022; 89:110172. [PMID: 34687901 PMCID: PMC8602782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activation of different receptors that act by generating the common second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can elicit distinct functional responses in cardiac myocytes. Selectively sequestering cAMP activity to discrete intracellular microdomains is considered essential for generating receptor-specific responses. The processes that control this aspect of compartmentalized cAMP signaling, however, are not completely clear. Over the years, technological innovations have provided critical breakthroughs in advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cAMP compartmentation. Some of the factors identified include localized production of cAMP by differential distribution of receptors, localized breakdown of this second messenger by targeted distribution of phosphodiesterase enzymes, and limited diffusion of cAMP by protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent buffering or physically restricted barriers. The aim of this review is to provide a discussion of our current knowledge and highlight some of the gaps that still exist in the field of cAMP compartmentation in cardiac myocytes.
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32
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Yee SW, Giacomini KM. Emerging Roles of the Human Solute Carrier 22 Family. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 50:DMD-MR-2021-000702. [PMID: 34921098 PMCID: PMC9488978 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human Solute Carrier 22 family (SLC22), also termed the organic ion transporter family, consists of 28 distinct multi-membrane spanning proteins, which phylogenetically cluster together according to their charge specificity for organic cations (OCTs), organic anions (OATs) and organic zwitterion/cations (OCTNs). Some SLC22 family members are well characterized in terms of their substrates, transport mechanisms and expression patterns, as well as their roles in human physiology and pharmacology, whereas others remain orphans with no known ligands. Pharmacologically, SLC22 family members play major roles as determinants of the absorption and disposition of many prescription drugs, and several including the renal transporters, OCT2, OAT1 and OAT3 are targets for many clinically important drug-drug interactions. In addition, mutations in some of these transporters (SLC22A5 (OCTN2) and SLC22A12 (URAT1) lead to rare monogenic disorders. Genetic polymorphisms in SLC22 transporters have been associated with common human disease, drug response and various phenotypic traits. Three members in this family were deorphaned in very recently: SLC22A14, SLC22A15 and SLC22A24, and found to transport specific compounds such as riboflavin (SLC22A14), anti-oxidant zwitterions (SLC22A15) and steroid conjugates (SLC22A24). Their physiologic and pharmacological roles need further investigation. This review aims to summarize the substrates, expression patterns and transporter mechanisms of individual SLC22 family members and their roles in human disease and drug disposition and response. Gaps in our understanding of SLC22 family members are described. Significance Statement In recent years, three members of the SLC22 family of transporters have been deorphaned and found to play important roles in the transport of diverse solutes. New research has furthered our understanding of the mechanisms, pharmacological roles, and clinical impact of SLC22 transporters. This minireview provides overview of SLC22 family members of their physiologic and pharmacologic roles, the impact of genetic variants in the SLC22 family on disease and drug response, and summary of recent studies deorphaning SLC22 family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Wah Yee
- Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Univerity of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Kathleen M Giacomini
- Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Univerity of California, San Francisco, United States
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Wang Y, Zhao M, Shi Q, Xu B, Zhu C, Li M, Mir V, Bers DM, Xiang YK. Monoamine Oxidases Desensitize Intracellular β 1AR Signaling in Heart Failure. Circ Res 2021; 129:965-967. [PMID: 34530626 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Qian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.).,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA (B.X., Y.K.X)
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Vaseem Mir
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.)
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA (Y.W., M.Z., Q.S., B.X., C.Z., M.L., V.M., D.M.B., Y.K.X.).,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA (B.X., Y.K.X)
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Abstract
Doxorubicin is a commonly used anticancer agent that can cause debilitating and irreversible cardiac injury. The initiating mechanisms contributing to this side effect remain unknown, and current preventative strategies offer only modest protection. Using stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes from patients receiving doxorubicin, we probed the transcriptomic landscape of solute carriers and identified organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) (SLC22A3) as a critical transporter regulating the cardiac accumulation of doxorubicin. Functional validation studies in heterologous overexpression models confirmed that doxorubicin is transported into cardiomyocytes by OCT3 and that deficiency of OCT3 protected mice from acute and chronic doxorubicin-related changes in cardiovascular function and genetic pathways associated with cardiac damage. To provide proof-of-principle and demonstrate translational relevance of this transport mechanism, we identified several pharmacological inhibitors of OCT3, including nilotinib, and found that pharmacological targeting of OCT3 can also preserve cardiovascular function following treatment with doxorubicin without affecting its plasma levels or antitumor effects in multiple models of leukemia and breast cancer. Finally, we identified a previously unrecognized, OCT3-dependent pathway of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity that results in a downstream signaling cascade involving the calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9. These collective findings not only shed light on the etiology of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, but also are of potential translational relevance and provide a rationale for the implementation of a targeted intervention strategy to prevent this debilitating side effect.
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35
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Danielsen TK, Sadredini M, Manotheepan R, Aronsen JM, Frisk M, Hansen MH, Andressen KW, Hougen K, Levy FO, Louch WE, Sejersted OM, Sjaastad I, Stokke MK. Exercise Training Stabilizes RyR2-Dependent Ca 2+ Release in Post-infarction Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:623922. [PMID: 33569394 PMCID: PMC7868397 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.623922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Dysfunction of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is an almost ubiquitous finding in animal models of heart failure (HF) and results in abnormal Ca2+ release in cardiomyocytes that contributes to contractile impairment and arrhythmias. We tested whether exercise training (ET), as recommended by current guidelines, had the potential to stabilize RyR2-dependent Ca2+ release in rats with post-myocardial infarction HF. Materials and Methods: We subjected male Wistar rats to left coronary artery ligation or sham operations. After 1 week, animals were characterized by echocardiography and randomized to high-intensity interval ET on treadmills or to sedentary behavior (SED). Running speed was adjusted based on a weekly VO2max test. We repeated echocardiography after 5 weeks of ET and harvested left ventricular cardiomyocytes for analysis of RyR2-dependent systolic and spontaneous Ca2+ release. Phosphoproteins were analyzed by Western blotting, and beta-adrenoceptor density was quantified by radioligand binding. Results: ET increased VO2max in HF-ET rats to 127% of HF-SED (P < 0.05). This coincided with attenuated spontaneous SR Ca2+ release in left ventricular cardiomyocytes from HF-ET but also reduced Ca2+ transient amplitude and slowed Ca2+ reuptake during adrenoceptor activation. However, ventricular diameter and fractional shortening were unaffected by ET. Analysis of Ca2+ homeostasis and major proteins involved in the regulation of SR Ca2+ release and reuptake could not explain the attenuated spontaneous SR Ca2+ release or reduced Ca2+ transient amplitude. Importantly, measurements of beta-adrenoceptors showed a normalization of beta1-adrenoceptor density and beta1:beta2-adrenoceptor ratio in HF-ET. Conclusion: ET increased aerobic capacity in post-myocardial infarction HF rats and stabilized RyR2-dependent Ca2+ release. Our data show that these effects of ET can be gained without major alterations in SR Ca2+ regulatory proteins and indicate that future studies should include upstream parts of the sympathetic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tore Kristian Danielsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mani Sadredini
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ravinea Manotheepan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marie Haugsten Hansen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Wessel Andressen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karina Hougen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Finn Olav Levy
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Mathias Sejersted
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathis Korseberg Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Liu Y, Chen J, Fontes SK, Bautista EN, Cheng Z. Physiological And Pathological Roles Of Protein Kinase A In The Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:386-398. [PMID: 33483740 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase A (PKA) is a central regulator of cardiac performance and morphology. Myocardial PKA activation is induced by a variety of hormones, neurotransmitters and stress signals, most notably catecholamines secreted by the sympathetic nervous system. Catecholamines bind β-adrenergic receptors to stimulate cAMP-dependent PKA activation in cardiomyocytes. Elevated PKA activity enhances Ca2+ cycling and increases cardiac muscle contractility. Dynamic control of PKA is essential for cardiac homeostasis, as dysregulation of PKA signaling is associated with a broad range of heart diseases. Specifically, abnormal PKA activation or inactivation contributes to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia, hypertrophy, heart failure, as well as diabetic, takotsubo, or anthracycline cardiomyopathies. PKA may also determine sex-dependent differences in contractile function and heart disease predisposition. Here, we describe the recent advances regarding the roles of PKA in cardiac physiology and pathology, highlighting previous study limitations and future research directions. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic strategies and molecular mechanisms associated with cardiac PKA biology. In summary, PKA could serve as a promising drug target for cardioprotection. Depending on disease types and mechanisms, therapeutic intervention may require either inhibition or activation of PKA. Therefore, specific PKA inhibitors or activators may represent valuable drug candidates for the treatment of heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuening Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS 423, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, ., Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Jingrui Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS 423, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, ., Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Shayne K Fontes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS 423, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, ., Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Erika N Bautista
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS 423, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, ., Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Zhaokang Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS 423, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, ., Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
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