1
|
Luo S, Yang B, Xu H, Pan X, Chen X, Jue X, Liu S, Wan R, Tan Q, Yao Y, Chen X, Jiang J, Deng B, Li J. Lithospermic acid improves liver fibrosis through Piezo1-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155974. [PMID: 39217657 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis is becoming an increasingly serious public health issue worldwide. Although liver transplantation is the only and definitive treatment for end-stage liver fibrosis, traditional Chinese medicine offers certain benefits in the treatment of advanced hepatic fibrosis. PURPOSE This study aims to explore the protective effect of lithospermic acid (LA), an extraction from Salvia miltiorrhiza (the roots of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge, known as Danshen in Chinese), on liver fibrosis and investigate its potential mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) via intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks. LA was orally administered or colchicine (COL) was injected intraperitoneally for 3 weeks starting one week after the initial CCl4 injection. After the LA treatment, we observed a decrease in the fibrosis index and an improvement in liver function. Molecular docking results revealed that Piezo1 may be a potential pharmacological target of LA. The further experimental results showed that LA inhibited Piezo1 activation and expression in macrophages. Mechanistically, both Piezo1/Notch-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress regulated by the Piezo1/Ca2+ pathway were alleviated in fibrotic livers following LA treatment. Moreover, less oxidative stress and Notch activation were observed in the deficiency of macrophage Piezo1 (Piezo1ΔLysM) mice. In addition, Piezo1ΔLysM partially counteracted the pharmacological effects of LA on liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our present study corroborated LA limits the progression of liver fibrosis by regulating Piezo1-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation. These results indicate that LA could be a potential medication for hepatic fibrosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangfei Luo
- Innovation Research Center, Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250307, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Bo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Honglin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xianmei Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jue
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Silin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Rentao Wan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qiaorui Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Youfen Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jintao Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Bo Deng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Innovation Research Center, Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250307, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo W, Li Z, Anagnostopoulos G, Kong WT, Zhang S, Chakarov S, Shin A, Qian J, Zhu Y, Bai W, Cexus O, Nie B, Wang J, Hu X, Blériot C, Liu Z, Shen B, Venteclef N, Su B, Ginhoux F. Notch signaling regulates macrophage-mediated inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Immunity 2024; 57:2310-2327.e6. [PMID: 39317200 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The liver macrophage population comprises resident Kupffer cells (KCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages with distinct pro- or anti-inflammatory properties that affect the severity and course of liver diseases. The mechanisms underlying macrophage differentiation and functions in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and/or steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH) remain mostly unknown. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and fate mapping of hepatic macrophage subpopulations, we unraveled the temporal and spatial dynamics of distinct monocyte and monocyte-derived macrophage subsets in MASH. We revealed a crucial role for the Notch-Recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ) signaling pathway in controlling the monocyte-to-macrophage transition, with Rbpj deficiency blunting inflammatory macrophages and monocyte-derived KC differentiation and conversely promoting the emergence of protective Ly6Clo monocytes. Mechanistically, Rbpj deficiency promoted lipid uptake driven by elevated CD36 expression in Ly6Clo monocytes, enhancing their protective interactions with endothelial cells. Our findings uncover the crucial role of Notch-RBPJ signaling in monocyte-to-macrophage transition and will aid in the design of therapeutic strategies for MASH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | | | - Wan Ting Kong
- Inserm U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Shuangyan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Svetoslav Chakarov
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Amanda Shin
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiawen Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wenjuan Bai
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Olivier Cexus
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YH, UK
| | - Bin'en Nie
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Camille Blériot
- Inserm U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94800, France; Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMRS8253, IMMEDIAB laboratory, Université de Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMRS8253, IMMEDIAB laboratory, Université de Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Inserm U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94800, France; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore; SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Translational Immunology Institute, Singapore 169856, Republic of Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zibandeh N, Li Z, Ogg G, Bottomley MJ. Cutaneous adaptive immunity and uraemia: a narrative review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1464338. [PMID: 39399503 PMCID: PMC11466824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1464338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease affects 1 in 10 people globally, with a prevalence twenty times that of cancer. A subset of individuals will progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) where renal replacement therapy is required to maintain health. Cutaneous disease, including xerosis and pruritus, are endemic amongst patients with ESRD. In the uraemia-associated immune deficiency of ESRD, impaired circulating immune responses contribute to increased infection risk and poorer vaccination response. Clinical manifestations of dysregulated adaptive immunity within the skin have been well-described and have been posited to play a role in cutaneous features of ESRD. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which adaptive immunity within the skin is affected by uraemia is relatively limited. We provide an overview of how the cutaneous adaptive immune system is impacted both directly and indirectly by uraemia, highlighting that much work has been extrapolated from the circulating immune system and often has not been directly evaluated in the skin compartment. We identify knowledge gaps which may be addressed by future research. Ultimately, greater understanding of these pathways may facilitate novel therapeutic approaches to ameliorate widespread cutaneous symptomatology in ESRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Zibandeh
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zehua Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ogg
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Dermatology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
- MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit , University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Bottomley
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Kidney and Transplant Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohamadi S, Mehrasa P, Mehramuz B, Kobravi S, Taghizadieh M, Salmaninejad A, Bayat M, Sadri Nahand J. The tumor microenvironment's gambit: Exosomal pawns on the board of head and neck cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189189. [PMID: 39343066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) harbors a hidden universe of interactions that profoundly shape the behavior of head and neck cancers (HNCs). HNCs are not merely localized afflictions; they constitute a pressing global health crisis that impacts millions, frequently resulting in severe prognoses due to late-stage diagnosis and intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies. In this intricate interplay, cancer cells function as strategic players, adeptly manipulating their microenvironment to foster proliferation, evade immune detection, and withstand therapeutic interventions. Central to this dynamic play are exosomes, the enigmatic pawns of cellular communication, carrying vital messages across the board. This review elucidates the multifaceted roles of exosomes within the TME, highlighting their capacity to transmit critical signals that not only promote tumor progression but also modulate immune responses, ultimately playing a crucial role in the evolving narrative of HNC. Our insights aim to catalyze further research and exploration into exosome-targeted therapies, potentially transforming the landscape of HNC treatment and improving clinical outcomes in this formidable battle against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Mohamadi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 15731 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Mehrasa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Mehramuz
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepehr Kobravi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 15731 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 15731 Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou L, Sun H, Chen G, Li C, Liu D, Wang X, Meng T, Jiang Z, Yang S, Yang MM. Indoxyl sulfate induces retinal microvascular injury via COX-2/PGE 2 activation in diabetic retinopathy. J Transl Med 2024; 22:870. [PMID: 39334140 PMCID: PMC11428830 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the principal cause of acquired blindness among the working-age population, is the most frequent microvascular complication of diabetes. Although metabolic disorders are hypothesized to play a role in its pathogenesis, the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive. METHODS To elucidate the mechanism, we initially compared metabolite profiles of vitreous fluid between 23 patients with DR and 12 non-diabetic controls using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, identifying the distinct metabolite indoxyl sulfate (IS). Subsequently, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and IS-injected rat models were established to examine the effects of IS on retinal microvasculature. RNA sequencing was conducted to identify potential regulatory mechanisms in IS-treated human retinal endothelial cells (HREC). Finally, target gene knockdown in HREC and treatment of IS-injected rats with inhibitors (targeting IS production or downstream regulators) were employed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets for DR. RESULTS Metabolomics identified 172 significantly altered metabolites in the vitreous humor of diabetics, including the dysregulated tryptophan metabolite indoxyl sulfate (IS). IS was observed to breach the blood-retinal barrier and accumulate in the intraocular fluid of diabetic rats. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that elevated levels of IS induced endothelial apoptosis and disrupted cell junctions. RNA sequencing pinpointed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthetase-cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) as a potential target of IS. Validation experiments demonstrated that IS enhanced COX-2 expression, which subsequently increased PGE2 secretion by promoting transcription factor EGR1 binding to COX-2 DNA following entry into cells via organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP2B1). Furthermore, inhibition of COX-2 in vivo or silencing EGR1/OATP2B1 in HREC mitigated IS-induced microcapillary damage and the activation of COX-2/PGE2. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin originating from the gut microbiota product indole, increased significantly and contributed to retinal microvascular damage in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Mechanistically, IS impaired retinal microvascular integrity by inducing the expression of COX-2 and the production of PGE2. Consequently, targeting the gut microbiota or the PGE2 pathway may offer effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Gongyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Cunzi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xurui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Zhenyou Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shu Yang
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Ming-Ming Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
- Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tan G, Juan C, Mao Y, Xue G, Fang Z. Inhibition of DLL4/Notch Signaling Pathway Promotes M2 Polarization and Cell Proliferation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:37923-37933. [PMID: 39281910 PMCID: PMC11391436 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to identify key genes and pathways associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and investigated the role of delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) in PAH pathogenesis. Through integrated analysis of multiple data sets, we identified 6 candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs), notably DLL4, which showed the highest distinguishing efficiency between PAH and control samples. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses revealed the involvement of DLL4 in critical biological processes and pathways related to PAH, including notch signaling, immune cell function, and inflammatory responses. Further investigation demonstrated that decreased DLL4 expression correlated with increased M2 macrophage polarization, suggesting a potential role for DLL4 in preventing M2 differentiation. Additionally, the DLL4/Notch1 axis was found to influence the Notch profile and regulate signaling mediators during M2 differentiation. These findings highlight DLL4 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for PAH, shedding light on the underlying molecular mechanisms and providing insights for the development of novel treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangxing Tan
- Institute of Hypertension, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214045, China
| | - Chenxia Juan
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Zhuyuan Fang
- Institute of Hypertension, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An N, Zhang Y, Xie J, Li J, Lin J, Li Q, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang Y. Study on the involvement of microglial S100A8 in neuroinflammation and microglia activation during migraine attacks. Mol Cell Neurosci 2024; 130:103957. [PMID: 39111720 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2024.103957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia is the primary source of inflammatory factors during migraine attacks. This study aims to investigate the role of microglia related genes (MRGs) in migraine attacks. METHODS The RNA sequencing results of migraineurs and the panglaodb database were used to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in migraine related to microglia. A migraine rat model was established for validating and localizing of the MRGs, and subsequent screening for target genes was conducted. A shRNA was designed to interference the expression of target genes and administered into the trigeminal ganglion (TG) of rats. Pain sensitivity in rats was evaluated via the hot water tail-flick (HWTF) and formalin-induced pain (FIP) experiments. ELISA was used to quantify the levels of inflammatory cytokines and CGRP. WB and immunofluorescence assays were applied to detect the activation of microglia. RESULTS A total of five DEGs in migraine related to microglia were obtained from RNA sequencing and panglaodb database. Animal experiments showed that these genes expression were heightened in the TG and medulla oblongata (MO) of migraine rats. The gene S100A8 co-localized with microglia in both TG and MO. The HWTF and FIP experiments demonstrated that interference with S100A8 alleviated the sense of pain in migraine rats. Moreover, the levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and CGRP in the TG and MO of rats in the model rats were increased, and the expression of microglia markers IBA-1, M1 polarization markers CD86 and iNOS was upregulated. Significantly, interference with S100A8 reversed these indicators. CONCLUSION Interference with S100A8 in microglia increased the pain threshold during migraine attacks, and inhibited neuroinflammation and microglia activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning An
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the forth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinding Xie
- Department of chirurgery, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yindong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren Y, Wang J, Guo WW, Chen JW, Xu LZ, Wu ZW, Wang YP. PKM2/Hif-1α signal suppression involved in therapeutics of pulmonary fibrosis with microcystin-RR but not with pirfenidone. Toxicon 2024; 247:107822. [PMID: 38908528 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
To date there are only pirfenidone (PFD) and nintedanib to be given conditional recommendation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) therapies with slowing disease progression, but neither has prospectively shown a reduced mortality. It is one of the urgent topics to find effective drugs for pulmonary fibrosis in medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated that microcystin-RR (MC-RR) effectively alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. We further conducted a comparison of therapeutic effect on the model animals of pulmonary fibrosis between MC-RR and PFD with histopathology and the expression of the molecular markers involved in differentiation, proliferation and metabolism of myofibroblasts, a major effector cell of tissue fibrosis. The levels of the enzyme molecules for maintaining the stability of interstitial structure were also evaluated. Our results showed that MC-RR and PFD effectively alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in model mice with a decreased signaling and marker molecules associated with myofibroblast differentiation and lung fibrotic lesion. In the meantime, both MC-RR and PFD treatment are beneficial to restore molecular dynamics of interstitial tissue and maintain the stability of interstitial architecture. Unexpectedly, MC-RR, rather than PFD, showed a significant effect on inhibiting PKM2-HIF-1α signaling and reducing the level of p-STAT3. Additionally, MC-RR showed a better inhibition effect on FGFR1 expression. Given that PKM2-HIF-1α and activated STAT3 molecular present a critical role in promoting the proliferation of myofibroblasts, MC-RR as a new strategy for IPF treatment has potential advantage over PFD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Wen Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Wen Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Li-Zhi Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China; Center for Public Health Research, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu Y, Lai Y, Hu Y, Fu Y, Zhang Z, Lin N, Huang W, Zheng L. The mechanisms underlying acute myocardial infarction in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117050. [PMID: 38968794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hemodialysis is one of the main treatments for patients with end-stage kidney disease. Epidemiological data has shown that acute myocardial infarction (AMI) accounts for the main reason for death in patients with CKD under hemodialysis therapy. Immune dysfunction and changes in metabolism (including a high level of inflammatory cytokines, a disorder of lipid and mineral ion homeostasis, accumulation of uremic toxins et al.) during CKD can deteriorate stability of atherosclerotic plaque and promote vascular calcification, which are exactly the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the occurrence of AMI. Meanwhile, the hemodialysis itself also has adverse effects on lipoprotein, the immune system and hemodynamics, which contribute to the high incidence of AMI in these patients. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms and further promising methods of prevention and treatment of AMI in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, which can provide an excellent paradigm for exploring the crosstalk between the kidney and cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuchen Lai
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yiwen Fu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, No.627, Wuluo Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, The Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim HY, Kang YJ, Kim DH, Jang J, Lee SJ, Kim G, Koh HB, Ko YE, Shin HM, Lee H, Yoo TH, Lee WW. Uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate induces trained immunity via the AhR-dependent arachidonic acid pathway in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). eLife 2024; 12:RP87316. [PMID: 38980302 PMCID: PMC11233136 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Trained immunity is the long-term functional reprogramming of innate immune cells, which results in altered responses toward a secondary challenge. Despite indoxyl sulfate (IS) being a potent stimulus associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related inflammation, its impact on trained immunity has not been explored. Here, we demonstrate that IS induces trained immunity in monocytes via epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming, resulting in augmented cytokine production. Mechanistically, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) contributes to IS-trained immunity by enhancing the expression of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism-related genes such as arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) and ALOX5 activating protein (ALOX5AP). Inhibition of AhR during IS training suppresses the induction of IS-trained immunity. Monocytes from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have increased ALOX5 expression and after 6 days training, they exhibit enhanced TNF-α and IL-6 production to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, healthy control-derived monocytes trained with uremic sera from ESRD patients exhibit increased production of TNF-α and IL-6. Consistently, IS-trained mice and their splenic myeloid cells had increased production of TNF-α after in vivo and ex vivo LPS stimulation compared to that of control mice. These results provide insight into the role of IS in the induction of trained immunity, which is critical during inflammatory immune responses in CKD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jun Kang
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Jang
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Su Jeong Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hee Byung Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ye Eun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National UniversityHongcheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research InstituteSeoulRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou X, Xu R, Wu Y, Zhou L, Xiang T. The role of proteasomes in tumorigenesis. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101070. [PMID: 38523673 PMCID: PMC10958230 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is the basis of normal life activities, and the proteasome family plays an extremely important function in this process. The proteasome 20S is a concentric circle structure with two α rings and two β rings overlapped. The proteasome 20S can perform both ATP-dependent and non-ATP-dependent ubiquitination proteasome degradation by binding to various subunits (such as 19S, 11S, and 200 PA), which is performed by its active subunit β1, β2, and β5. The proteasome can degrade misfolded, excess proteins to maintain homeostasis. At the same time, it can be utilized by tumors to degrade over-proliferate and unwanted proteins to support their growth. Proteasomes can affect the development of tumors from several aspects including tumor signaling pathways such as NF-κB and p53, cell cycle, immune regulation, and drug resistance. Proteasome-encoding genes have been found to be overexpressed in a variety of tumors, providing a potential novel target for cancer therapy. In addition, proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib have been put into clinical application as the first-line treatment of multiple myeloma. More and more studies have shown that it also has different therapeutic effects in other tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, glioblastoma, and neuroblastoma. However, proteasome inhibitors are not much effective due to their tolerance and singleness in other tumors. Therefore, further studies on their mechanisms of action and drug interactions are needed to investigate their therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ruqing Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gu J, Chen C, He P, Du Y, Zhu B. Unraveling the Immune Regulatory Functions of USP5: Implications for Disease Therapy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:683. [PMID: 38927085 PMCID: PMC11201890 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5) belongs to the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family, which uniquely recognizes unanchored polyubiquitin chains to maintain the homeostasis of monoubiquitin chains. USP5 participates in a wide range of cellular processes by specifically cleaving isopeptide bonds between ubiquitin and substrate proteins or ubiquitin itself. In the process of immune regulation, USP5 affects important cellular signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and IFN, by regulating ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. These pathways play important roles in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. In addition, USP5 regulates the activity and function of immunomodulatory signaling pathways via the deubiquitination of key proteins, thereby affecting the activity of immune cells and the regulation of immune responses. In the present review, the structure and function of USP5, its role in immune regulation, and the mechanism by which USP5 affects the development of diseases by regulating immune signaling pathways are comprehensively overviewed. In addition, we also introduce the latest research progress of targeting USP5 in the treatment of related diseases, calling for an interdisciplinary approach to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting USP5 in immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Gu
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Changshun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China;
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Pu He
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yunjie Du
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bingdong Zhu
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vallianou NG, Kounatidis D, Psallida S, Panagopoulos F, Stratigou T, Geladari E, Karampela I, Tsilingiris D, Dalamaga M. The Interplay Between Dietary Choline and Cardiometabolic Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:152-165. [PMID: 38427291 PMCID: PMC11133147 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Choline is an essential nutrient for human health and cellular homeostasis as it is necessary for the synthesis of lipid cell membranes, lipoproteins, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. The aim of this review is to analyze the beneficial effects of choline and its significance in cellular metabolism and various inflammatory pathways, such as the inflammasome. We will discuss the significance of dietary choline in cardiometabolic disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as in cognitive function and associated neuropsychiatric disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Choline deficiency has been related to the development of NAFLD and cognitive disability in the offspring as well as in adulthood. In sharp contrast, excess dietary intake of choline mediated via the increased production of trimethylamine by the gut microbiota and increased trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels has been related to atherosclerosis in most studies. In this context, CVD and CKD through the accumulation of TMAO, p-Cresyl-sulfate (pCS), and indoxyl-sulfate (IS) in serum may be the result of the interplay between excess dietary choline, the increased production of TMAO by the gut microbiota, and the resulting activation of inflammatory responses and fibrosis. A balanced diet, with no excess nor any deficiency in dietary choline, is of outmost importance regarding the prevention of cardiometabolic disorders as well as cognitive function. Large-scale studies with the use of next-generation probiotics, especially Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, should further examine their therapeutic potential in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 114 Vassilissis Sofias str, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiria Psallida
- Department of Microbiology, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 2 Nikis str, Athens, Greece
| | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Geladari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, University of Athens, Attikon General University Hospital, 1 Rimini str, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupoli, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wakamatsu T, Yamamoto S, Yoshida S, Narita I. Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Macrophage Toxicity and Therapeutic Strategies in Uremic Atherosclerosis. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:254. [PMID: 38922148 PMCID: PMC11209365 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16060254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those undergoing dialysis. The mechanisms behind this may be related to traditional risk factors and CKD-specific factors that accelerate atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in CKD patients. The accumulation of uremic toxins is a significant factor in CKD-related systemic disorders. Basic research suggests that indoxyl sulfate (IS), a small protein-bound uremic toxin, is associated with macrophage dysfunctions, including increased oxidative stress, exacerbation of chronic inflammation, and abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Strategies to mitigate the toxicity of IS include optimizing gut microbiota, intervening against the abnormality of intracellular signal transduction, and using blood purification therapy with higher efficiency. Further research is needed to examine whether lowering protein-bound uremic toxins through intervention leads to a reduction in CVD in patients with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Wakamatsu
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (T.W.); (S.Y.); (I.N.)
- Ohgo Clinic, Maebashi 371-0232, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (T.W.); (S.Y.); (I.N.)
| | - Shiori Yoshida
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (T.W.); (S.Y.); (I.N.)
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (T.W.); (S.Y.); (I.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu H, Chen S. Association between anion gap and the 30-day mortality of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia: a study of the MIMIC-III database. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:2994-3006. [PMID: 38883665 PMCID: PMC11170422 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Serum anion gap (AG) can potentially be applied to the diagnosis of various metabolic acidosis, and a recent study has reported the association of AG with the mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the relationship of AG with the short-term mortality of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is still unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between AG and the 30-day mortality of VAP patients, and construct and assess a multivariate predictive model for the 30-day mortality risk of VAP. Methods This retrospective cohort study extracted data of 477 patients with VAP from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. Data of patients were divided into a training set and a testing set with a ratio of 7:3. In the training set, variables significantly associated with the 30-day mortality of VAP patients were included in the multivariate predictive model through univariate Cox regression and stepwise regression analyses. Then, the predictive performance of the multivariate predictive model was assessed in both training set and testing set, and compared with the single AG and other scoring systems including the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the confusion, urea, respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure, and age (≥65 years old) (CURB-65) score, and the blood urea nitrogen (BUN), altered mental status, pulse, and age (>65 years old) (BAP-65) score. In addition, the association of AG with the 30-day mortality of VAP patients was explored in subgroups of gender, age, and infection status. The evaluation indexes were hazard ratios (HRs), C-index, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 70 patients died within 30 days. The multivariate predictive model consisted of AG (HR =1.052, 95% CI: 1.008-1.098), age (HR =1.037, 95% CI: 1.019-1.055), duration of mechanical ventilation (HR =0.998, 95% CI: 0.996-0.999), and vasopressors use (HR =1.795, 95% CI: 1.066-3.023). In both training set (C-index =0.725, 95% CI: 0.670-0.780) and testing set (C-index =0.717, 95% CI: 0.637-0.797), the multivariate model had a relatively superior predictive performance to the single AG value. Moreover, the association of AG with the 30-day mortality was also found in patients who were male (HR =1.088, 95% CI: 1.029-1.150), and whatever the pathogens they infected (bacterial infection: HR =1.059, 95% CI: 1.011-1.109; fungal infection: HR =1.057, 95% CI: 1.002-1.115). Conclusions The AG-related multivariate model had a potential predictive value for the 30-day mortality of patients with VAP. These findings may provide some references for further exploration on simple and robust predictors of the short-term mortality risk of VAP, which may further help clinicians to identify patients with high risk of mortality in an early stage in the intensive care units (ICUs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meijers B, Zadora W, Lowenstein J. A Historical Perspective on Uremia and Uremic Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:227. [PMID: 38787079 PMCID: PMC11126090 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16050227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Uremia, also known as uremic syndrome, refers to the clinical symptoms in the final stage of renal failure. The definition of the term has changed over time due to an improved comprehension of the kidney's function and the advancement of dialysis technology. Here, we aim to present an overview of the various concepts that have developed regarding uremia throughout the years. We provide a comprehensive review of the historical progression starting from the early days of Kolff and his predecessors, continuing with the initial research conducted by Niwa et al., and culminating in the remote sensing hypothesis of Nigam. Additionally, we explore the subsequent investigation into the function of these toxins as signaling molecules in various somatic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Meijers
- Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, 30000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.M.); (W.Z.)
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 30000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ward Zadora
- Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, 30000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.M.); (W.Z.)
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 30000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jerome Lowenstein
- Nephrology Division, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Julovi SM, Trinh K, Robertson H, Xu C, Minhas N, Viswanathan S, Patrick E, Horowitz JD, Meijles DN, Rogers NM. Thrombospondin-1 Drives Cardiac Remodeling in Chronic Kidney Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:607-627. [PMID: 38984053 PMCID: PMC11228122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies reported that endogenous thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) involves right ventricular remodeling and dysfunction. Here we show that a murine model of CKD increased myocardial TSP1 expression and produced left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction. TSP1 knockout mice were protected from these features. In vitro, indoxyl sulfate is driving deleterious changes in cardiomyocyte through the TSP1. In patients with CKD, TSP1 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor were both differentially expressed in the myocardium. Our findings summon large clinical studies to confirm the translational role of TSP1 in patients with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohel M Julovi
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katie Trinh
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harry Robertson
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Precision Data Science Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cuicui Xu
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nikita Minhas
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seethalakshmi Viswanathan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ellis Patrick
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Precision Data Science Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Mathematics, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Science Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - John D Horowitz
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Therapeutics Research Group, Basil Hetzel Institute, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel N Meijles
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha M Rogers
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Renal and Transplantation Unit, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xie H, Yang N, Yu C, Lu L. Uremic toxins mediate kidney diseases: the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:38. [PMID: 38491448 PMCID: PMC10943832 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was originally identified as an environmental sensor that responds to pollutants. Subsequent research has revealed that AhR recognizes multiple exogenous and endogenous molecules, including uremic toxins retained in the body due to the decline in renal function. Therefore, AhR is also considered to be a uremic toxin receptor. As a ligand-activated transcriptional factor, the activation of AhR is involved in cell differentiation and senescence, lipid metabolism and fibrogenesis. The accumulation of uremic toxins in the body is hazardous to all tissues and organs. The identification of the endogenous uremic toxin receptor opens the door to investigating the precise role and molecular mechanism of tissue and organ damage induced by uremic toxins. This review focuses on summarizing recent findings on the role of AhR activation induced by uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy and acute kidney injury. Furthermore, potential clinical approaches to mitigate the effects of uremic toxins are explored herein, such as enhancing uremic toxin clearance through dialysis, reducing uremic toxin production through dietary interventions or microbial manipulation, and manipulating metabolic pathways induced by uremic toxins through controlling AhR signaling. This information may also shed light on the mechanism of uremic toxin-induced injury to other organs, and provide insights into clinical approaches to manipulate the accumulated uremic toxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Ninghao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Limin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu CC, Tian YC, Lu CL, Wu MJ, Lim PS, Chiu YW, Kuo KL, Liu SH, Chou YC, Sun CA, Hou YC, Lu KC. AST-120 improved uremic pruritus by lowering indoxyl sulfate and inflammatory cytokines in hemodialysis patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4236-4249. [PMID: 38385990 PMCID: PMC10968676 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Pruritus is a common and distressing symptom that affects patients with chronic kidney disease. The concentration of protein bounded uremic toxin was associated with the uremic pruritus. The aim is to assess the efficacy of AST-120 for uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The participants were enrolled and then divided into the AST-120 treatment group and control group with a ratio of 2:1. All participants underwent pre-observation screenings two weeks before the study with three visits. In the treatment phase (week 1 to week 4), the treatment group added 6g/day of AST-120 along with routine anti-pruritic treatment. Visual analog scale (VAS) and biochemical parameters were measured. RESULTS The VAS score began to be lower in the AST-120 treatment group after the 5th visiting (p < 0.05). The reduction in indoxyl sulfate (IS) at 5th week along with TNF-alpha. The reduction ratio of indoxyl sulfate correlated with reduction of parathyroid hormone. CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated that the four-week treatment of AST-120 decreased the severity of uremic pruritus in patients with ESRD. The concentration of IS and TNF-alpha decreased in the AST-120 treatment group. The reduction of iPTH correlated with the reduction of IS in the AST-120 treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chung Tian
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lin Lu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Paik-Seong Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbour Hospital, Taichung 43503, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Lin Kuo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chou Hou
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal-Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23155, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kang JH, Kawano T, Murata M, Toita R. Vascular calcification and cellular signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets. Life Sci 2024; 336:122309. [PMID: 38042282 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Increased vascular calcification (VC) is observed in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. VC is divided into three types according to its location: intimal, medial, and valvular. Various cellular signaling pathways are associated with VC, including the Wnt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt, cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin, Ras homologous GTPase, apoptosis, Notch, and cytokine signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the literature concerning the key cellular signaling pathways associated with VC and their role as potential therapeutic targets. Inhibitors to these pathways represent good candidates for use as potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of VC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Kang
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Takahito Kawano
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Riki Toita
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan; AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schwarz A, Hernandez L, Arefin S, Sartirana E, Witasp A, Wernerson A, Stenvinkel P, Kublickiene K. Sweet, bloody consumption - what we eat and how it affects vascular ageing, the BBB and kidney health in CKD. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2341449. [PMID: 38686499 PMCID: PMC11062370 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2341449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In today's industrialized society food consumption has changed immensely toward heightened red meat intake and use of artificial sweeteners instead of grains and vegetables or sugar, respectively. These dietary changes affect public health in general through an increased incidence of metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity, with a further elevated risk for cardiorenal complications. Research shows that high red meat intake and artificial sweeteners ingestion can alter the microbial composition and further intestinal wall barrier permeability allowing increased transmission of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate, indoxyl sulfate, trimethylamine n-oxide and phenylacetylglutamine into the blood stream causing an array of pathophysiological effects especially as a strain on the kidneys, since they are responsible for clearing out the toxins. In this review, we address how the burden of the Western diet affects the gut microbiome in altering the microbial composition and increasing the gut permeability for uremic toxins and the detrimental effects thereof on early vascular aging, the kidney per se and the blood-brain barrier, in addition to the potential implications for dietary changes/interventions to preserve the health issues related to chronic diseases in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Schwarz
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leah Hernandez
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samsul Arefin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Sartirana
- Department of Translational Medicine, Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Anna Witasp
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Wernerson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Behrens F, Bartolomaeus H, Wilck N, Holle J. Gut-immune axis and cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad303. [PMID: 38229879 PMCID: PMC10790347 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from marked cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, so lowering the cardiovascular risk is paramount to improve quality of life and survival in CKD. Manifold mechanisms are hold accountable for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and recently inflammation arose as novel risk factor significantly contributing to progression of CVD. While the gut microbiome was identified as key regulator of immunity and inflammation in several disease, CKD-related microbiome-immune interaction gains increasing importance. Here, we summarize the latest knowledge on microbiome dysbiosis in CKD, subsequent changes in bacterial and host metabolism and how this drives inflammation and CVD in CKD. Moreover, we outline potential therapeutic targets along the gut-immune-cardiovascular axis that could aid the combat of CVD development and high mortality in CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Behrens
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bartolomaeus
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology und Intensive Medical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Wilck
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology und Intensive Medical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Holle
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang A, Guan B, Zhang H, Xu H. Danger-associated metabolites trigger metaflammation: A crowbar in cardiometabolic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106983. [PMID: 37931790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are characterized by a series of metabolic disorders and chronic low-grade inflammation. CMDs contribute to a high burden of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Host-microbial metabolic regulation that triggers metaflammation is an emerging field of study that promotes a new perspective for perceiving cardiovascular risks. The term metaflammation denotes the entire cascade of immune responses activated by a new class of metabolites known as "danger-associated metabolites" (DAMs). It is being proposed by the present review for the first time. We summarize current studies covering bench to bedside aspects of DAMs to better understand CMDs in the context of DAMs. We have focused on the involvement of DAMs in the pathophysiological development of CMDs, including the disruption of immune homeostasis and chronic inflammation-triggered damage leading to CMD-related adverse events, as well as emerging therapeutic approaches for targeting DAM metabolism in CMDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anlu Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - He Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu S, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Huang K, Deng L, Liao B, Zhong Y, Feng J. Targeting gut microbiota in aging-related cardiovascular dysfunction: focus on the mechanisms. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2290331. [PMID: 38073096 PMCID: PMC10730151 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2290331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is aging and age-related cardiovascular disease is increasing. Even after controlling for cardiovascular risk factors, readmission and mortality rates remain high. In recent years, more and more in-depth studies have found that the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), bile acids (BAs), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), affect the occurrence and development of age-related cardiovascular diseases through a variety of molecular pathways, providing a new target for therapy. In this review, we discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and age-related cardiovascular diseases, and propose that the gut microbiota could be a new therapeutic target for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng He
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaolun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keming Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Decano JL, Maiorino E, Matamalas JT, Chelvanambi S, Tiemeijer BM, Yanagihara Y, Mukai S, Jha PK, Pestana DV, D’Souza E, Whelan M, Ge R, Asano T, Sharma A, Libby P, Singh SA, Aikawa E, Aikawa M. Cellular Heterogeneity of Activated Primary Human Macrophages and Associated Drug-Gene Networks: From Biology to Precision Therapeutics. Circulation 2023; 148:1459-1478. [PMID: 37850387 PMCID: PMC10624416 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.064794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-γ (IFNγ) signaling plays a complex role in atherogenesis. IFNγ stimulation of macrophages permits in vitro exploration of proinflammatory mechanisms and the development of novel immune therapies. We hypothesized that the study of macrophage subpopulations could lead to anti-inflammatory interventions. METHODS Primary human macrophages activated by IFNγ (M(IFNγ)) underwent analyses by single-cell RNA sequencing, time-course cell-cluster proteomics, metabolite consumption, immunoassays, and functional tests (phagocytic, efferocytotic, and chemotactic). RNA-sequencing data were analyzed in LINCS (Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures) to identify compounds targeting M(IFNγ) subpopulations. The effect of compound BI-2536 was tested in human macrophages in vitro and in a murine model of atherosclerosis. RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing identified 2 major clusters in M(IFNγ): inflammatory (M(IFNγ)i) and phagocytic (M(IFNγ)p). M(IFNγ)i had elevated expression of inflammatory chemokines and higher amino acid consumption compared with M(IFNγ)p. M(IFNγ)p were more phagocytotic and chemotactic with higher Krebs cycle activity and less glycolysis than M(IFNγ)i. Human carotid atherosclerotic plaques contained 2 such macrophage clusters. Bioinformatic LINCS analysis using our RNA-sequencing data identified BI-2536 as a potential compound to decrease the M(IFNγ)i subpopulation. BI-2536 in vitro decreased inflammatory chemokine expression and secretion in M(IFNγ) by shrinking the M(IFNγ)i subpopulation while expanding the M(IFNγ)p subpopulation. BI-2536 in vivo shifted the phenotype of macrophages, modulated inflammation, and decreased atherosclerosis and calcification. CONCLUSIONS We characterized 2 clusters of macrophages in atherosclerosis and combined our cellular data with a cell-signature drug library to identify a novel compound that targets a subset of macrophages in atherosclerosis. Our approach is a precision medicine strategy to identify new drugs that target atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julius L. Decano
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Enrico Maiorino
- Channing Division of Network Medicine (E.M., A.S., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joan T. Matamalas
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sarvesh Chelvanambi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bart M. Tiemeijer
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yoshihiro Yanagihara
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shin Mukai
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Prabhash Kumar Jha
- Department of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (P.K.J., P.L., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Diego V.S. Pestana
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edwin D’Souza
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mary Whelan
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rile Ge
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Takaharu Asano
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amitabh Sharma
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine (E.M., A.S., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (P.K.J., P.L., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sasha A. Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (P.K.J., P.L., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division (J.L.D., J.T.M., S.C., B.M.T., Y.Y., S.M., D.V.S.P., E.D., M.W., R.G., T.A., A.S., S.A.S., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine (E.M., A.S., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (P.K.J., P.L., E.A., M.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hui Y, Zhao J, Yu Z, Wang Y, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Xing Y, Han M, Wang A, Guo S, Yuan J, Zhao Y, Ning X, Sun S. The Role of Tryptophan Metabolism in the Occurrence and Progression of Acute and Chronic Kidney Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300218. [PMID: 37691068 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common kidney diseases in clinics with high morbidity and mortality, but their pathogenesis is intricate. Tryptophan (Trp) is a fundamental amino acid for humans, and its metabolism produces various bioactive substances involved in the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD. Metabolomic studies manifest that Trp metabolites like kynurenine (KYN), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and indoxyl sulfate (IS) increase in AKI or CKD and act as biomarkers that facilitate the early identification of diseases. Meanwhile, KYN and IS act as ligands to exacerbate kidney damage by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signal transduction. The reduction of renal function can cause the accumulation of Trp metabolites which in turn accelerate the progression of AKI or CKD. Besides, gut dysbiosis induces the expansion of Enterobacteriaceae family to produce excessive IS, which cannot be excreted due to the deterioration of renal function. The application of Trp metabolism as a target in AKI and CKD will also be elaborated. Thus, this study aims to elucidate Trp metabolism in the development of AKI and CKD, and explores the relative treatment strategies by targeting Trp from the perspective of metabolomics to provide a reference for their diagnosis and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Hui
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zixian Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yunlong Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Nephrology, 980th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050082, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Anjing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Shuxian Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jinguo Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yueru Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatric, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tsai LT, Weng TI, Chang TY, Lan KC, Chiang CK, Liu SH. Inhibition of Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species-Related Ferroptosis Alleviates Renal Cell Injury In Vitro and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1931. [PMID: 38001784 PMCID: PMC10669521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a key pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of IS on ferroptosis and the role of IS-related ferroptosis in CKD are not well understood. We used a renal tubular cell model and an adenine-induced CKD mouse model to explore whether IS induces ferroptosis and injury and affects iron metabolism in the renal cells and the kidneys. Our results showed that exposure to IS induced several characteristics for ferroptosis, including iron accumulation, an impaired antioxidant system, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lipid peroxidation. Exposure to IS triggered intracellular iron accumulation by upregulating transferrin and transferrin receptors, which are involved in cellular iron uptake. We also observed increased levels of the iron storage protein ferritin. The effects of IS-induced ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis, senescence, ER stress, and injury/fibrosis were effectively alleviated by treatments with an iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) in vitro and the adsorbent charcoal AST-120 (scavenging the IS precursor) in vivo. Our findings suggest that IS triggers intracellular iron accumulation and ROS generation, leading to the induction of ferroptosis, senescence, ER stress, and injury/fibrosis in CKD kidneys. AST-120 administration may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (L.-T.T.); (T.-Y.C.); (C.-K.C.)
| | - Te-I Weng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Ting-Yu Chang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (L.-T.T.); (T.-Y.C.); (C.-K.C.)
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (L.-T.T.); (T.-Y.C.); (C.-K.C.)
- Departments of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (L.-T.T.); (T.-Y.C.); (C.-K.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University & Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dhayni K, Chabry Y, Hénaut L, Avondo C, Boudot C, Ouled-Haddou H, Bigot-Corbel E, Touati G, Caus T, Messaoudi H, Bellien J, Tribouilloy C, Messika-Zeitoun D, Zibara K, Kamel S, Bennis Y. Aortic valve calcification is promoted by interleukin-8 and restricted through antagonizing CXC motif chemokine receptor 2. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2355-2367. [PMID: 37517061 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the progression of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), for which there is currently no pharmacological treatment. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that interleukin-8 (IL-8), known to be involved in arterial calcification, also promotes aortic valve calcification (AVC) and to evaluate whether pharmacologically blocking the IL-8 receptor, CXC motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), could be effective in preventing AVC progression. METHODS AND RESULTS A cohort of 195 patients (median age 73, 74% men) diagnosed with aortic valve stenosis (severe in 16.9% of cases) were prospectively followed by CT for a median time of 2.6 years. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that baseline IL-8 serum concentrations were associated with rapid progression of AVC, defined as an annualized change in the calcification score by CT ≥ 110 AU/year, after adjustment for age, gender, bicuspid anatomy, and baseline disease severity. In vitro, exposure of primary human aortic valvular interstitial cells (hVICs) to 15 pg/mL IL-8 induced a two-fold increase in inorganic phosphate (Pi)-induced calcification. IL-8 promoted NFκB pathway activation, MMP-12 expression, and elastin degradation in hVICs exposed to Pi. These effects were prevented by SCH527123, an antagonist of CXCR2. The expression of CXCR2 was confirmed in hVICs and samples of aortic valves isolated from patients with CAVD, in which the receptor was mainly found in calcified areas, along with MMP-12 and a degraded form of elastin. Finally, in a rat model of chronic kidney disease-associated CAVD, SCH527123 treatment (1 mg/kg/day given orally for 11 weeks) limited the decrease in aortic cusp separation, the increase in maximal velocity of the transaortic jet, and the increase in aortic mean pressure gradient measured by echocardiography, effects that were associated with a reduction in hydroxyapatite deposition and MMP-12 expression in the aortic valves. CONCLUSION Overall, these results highlight, for the first time, a significant role for IL-8 in the progression of CAVD by promoting calcification via a CXCR2- and MMP-12-dependent mechanism that leads to elastin degradation, and identify CXCR2 as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of CAVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kawthar Dhayni
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Yuthiline Chabry
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 1 Rd-Point du Pr. Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Lucie Hénaut
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Carine Avondo
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Cedric Boudot
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Hakim Ouled-Haddou
- HEMATIM Laboratory, UPJV UR 4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Edith Bigot-Corbel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, CHU de Nantes, Bd Jacques-Monod, 44093 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Gilles Touati
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 1 Rd-Point du Pr. Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Thierry Caus
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 1 Rd-Point du Pr. Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Hind Messaoudi
- EnVI Laboratory, INSERM UMR 1096, Rouen Normandy University, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Jérémy Bellien
- EnVI Laboratory, INSERM UMR 1096, Rouen Normandy University, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Tribouilloy
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 1 Rd-Point du Pr. Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - David Messika-Zeitoun
- Department of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kazem Zibara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Saïd Kamel
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Youssef Bennis
- MP3CV Laboratory, UPJV UR 7517, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Pharmacology, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 1 Rd-Point du Professeur Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chaterjee O, Sur D. Artificially induced in situ macrophage polarization: An emerging cellular therapy for immuno-inflammatory diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176006. [PMID: 37611840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the mature form of monocytes that have high plasticity and can shift from one phenotype to another by the process of macrophage polarization. Macrophage has several vital pharmacological tasks like eliminating microorganism invasion, clearing dead cells, causing inflammation, repairing damaged tissues, etc. The function of macrophages is based on their phenotype. M1 macrophages are mostly responsible for the body's immune responses and M2 macrophages have healing properties. Inappropriate activation of any one of the phenotypes often leads to ROS-induced tissue damage and affects wound healing and angiogenesis. Therefore, maintaining tissue macrophage homeostasis is necessary. Studies are being done to find techniques for macrophage polarization. But, the process of macrophage polarization is very complex as it involves multiple signalling pathways involving innate immunity. Thus, identifying the right pathways for macrophage polarization is essential to apply the polarizing technique for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases where macrophage physiology influences the disease pathology. In this review, we highlighted the various techniques so far used to change macrophage plasticity. We believe that soon macrophage targeting therapeutics will hit the market for the management of inflammatory disease. Hence this review will help macrophage researchers choose suitable methods and materials/agents to polarize macrophages artificially in various disease models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oishani Chaterjee
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, 700114, India
| | - Debjeet Sur
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, 700114, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Homma K, Enoki Y, Uchida S, Taguchi K, Matsumoto K. A combination of 5/6-nephrectomy and unilateral ureteral obstruction model accelerates progression of remote organ fibrosis in chronic kidney disease. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:377-394. [PMID: 37810171 PMCID: PMC10551277 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves progressive renal fibrosis, which gradually reduces kidney function and often causes various complications in extrarenal tissues. Therefore, we investigated fibrogenesis in extrarenal tissues (heart, liver, and lungs) in different experimental CKD models, such as the 5/6-nephrectomy (5/6 Nx), unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), and a combination (2/3 Nx + UUO). We evaluated the degree of fibrogenesis in kidneys and extrarenal tissues by histological analysis and quantification of fibrosis-related gene and protein expression. To elucidate the fibrosis mechanisms observed in 2/3 Nx + UUO mice, we evaluated the effect of indoxyl sulfate (IS), a typical uremic toxin accumulated in CKD, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a fibrosis-related factor, on fibrosis using human hepatoma (HepG2) and RAW264.7 cells. A significant decline in renal function was observed in the 5/6 Nx and 2/3 Nx + UUO models, whereas a significant increase in renal fibrosis was observed only in the obstructed kidneys. Notable amount of fibrosis was induced in the liver and heart in the 2/3 Nx + UUO model, with the induction of macrophage infiltration and increased tissue IS and TGF-β levels. In agreement with the results of in vivo experiments, co-stimulation with IS, TGF-β, and macrophage-conditioned medium increased the expression of fibrogenic genes in HepG2 cells. We demonstrated that the 2/3 Nx + UUO model induced both loss of renal function and renal fibrosis in the earlier stages, providing a novel CKD model that induces remote organ fibrosis in a shorter time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoka Homma
- Division of PharmacodynamicsKeio University Faculty of PharmacyTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Enoki
- Division of PharmacodynamicsKeio University Faculty of PharmacyTokyoJapan
| | - Sato Uchida
- Division of PharmacodynamicsKeio University Faculty of PharmacyTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of PharmacodynamicsKeio University Faculty of PharmacyTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Division of PharmacodynamicsKeio University Faculty of PharmacyTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Alvarenga L, Saldanha JF, Stockler-Pinto MB, Fouque D, Soulage CO, Mafra D. Effects of resveratrol on inflammation and oxidative stress induced by the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate in Murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7. Biochimie 2023; 213:22-29. [PMID: 37142118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a uremic toxin produced by the gut microbiota that commonly accumulates in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and can be harmful. Resveratrol is a polyphenol with properties that attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of resveratrol against the damage caused by IS in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Cells were treated with 0, 250, 500 and 1000 μmol/L of IS, in the presence of 50 μmol/L of resveratrol. The mRNA and protein expressions of erythroid-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) were measured using rt-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also analyzed. As a result, it was demonstrated that resveratrol induces the activation of the Nrf2 pathway that enhances cytoprotective response. IS upregulated the NF-κB expression and downregulated the Nrf2 expression. In contrast, resveratrol treatment significantly reduced the MDA and ROS production and inhibited the IS-induced expression of NF-κB in macrophage-like RAW 264.7. In conclusion, resveratrol can mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress caused by uremic toxins produced by the gut microbiota, such as IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil.
| | - Juliana F Saldanha
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena B Stockler-Pinto
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, INSERM 1060, CENS, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Christophe O Soulage
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Lab, INSA-Lyon, INSERM U1060, INRA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, (RJ), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yuwen Y, Wang X, Liu J, Liu Z, Zhu H. Delta- like ligand 4- expressing macrophages and human diseases: Insights into pathophysiology and therapeutic opportunities. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20777. [PMID: 37842562 PMCID: PMC10569996 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key players in the immune response and have been implicated in various human diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, and chronic inflammatory disorders. While numerous studies have delved into the nuances of macrophage behavior in these conditions, there remains a gap in understanding the specific role of Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)-expressing macrophages and their overarching implications across these diseases. Among the plethora of factors expressed by macrophages, Dll4 has emerged as a molecule of particular interest. Recent studies have highlighted its unique role in modulating macrophage functions and its potential implications in various diseases. This review seeks to consolidate existing knowledge, address this gap, and present a comprehensive overview of Dll4-expressing macrophages in the context of these disorders and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets. We examined the involvement of Dll4-expressing macrophages in multiple human diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases, emphasizing their influence on disease progression. We also discussed the challenges, limitations, and emerging research areas in targeting Dll4-expressing macrophages and provide an outlook on potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these diseases. By addressing the previously existing research gap, we've provided a roadmap that brings together fragmented insights, paving the way for more holistic research and potentially more effective therapeutic strategies centered on Dll4-expressing macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Yuwen
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Medical School, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Research Office of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Research Office of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Research Office of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Research Office of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Department of Pediatrics (No. 3 Ward), Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Evenepoel P, Stenvinkel P, Shanahan C, Pacifici R. Inflammation and gut dysbiosis as drivers of CKD-MBD. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:646-657. [PMID: 37488276 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Two decades ago, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes coined the term chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) to describe the syndrome of biochemical, bone and extra-skeletal calcification abnormalities that occur in patients with CKD. CKD-MBD is a prevalent complication and contributes to the excessively high burden of fractures and cardiovascular disease, loss of quality of life and premature mortality in patients with CKD. Thus far, therapy has focused primarily on phosphate retention, abnormal vitamin D metabolism and parathyroid hormone disturbances, but these strategies have largely proved unsuccessful, thus calling for paradigm-shifting concepts and innovative therapeutic approaches. Interorgan crosstalk is increasingly acknowledged to have an important role in health and disease. Accordingly, mounting evidence suggests a role for both the immune system and the gut microbiome in bone and vascular biology. Gut dysbiosis, compromised gut epithelial barrier and immune cell dysfunction are prominent features of the uraemic milieu. These alterations might contribute to the inflammatory state observed in CKD and could have a central role in the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD. The emerging fields of osteoimmunology and osteomicrobiology add another level of complexity to the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD, but also create novel therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Evenepoel
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Herestraat, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Department of Renal Medicine M99, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catherine Shanahan
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Roberto Pacifici
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory Microbiome Research Center, and Immunology and Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang SS, Liu R, Chang S, Li X, Weng X, Ge J. Gut Microbiota-Derived Tryptophan Metabolite Indole-3-aldehyde Ameliorates Aortic Dissection. Nutrients 2023; 15:4150. [PMID: 37836434 PMCID: PMC10574575 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan, an essential dietary amino acid, is metabolized into various metabolites within both gut microbiota and tissue cells. These metabolites have demonstrated potential associations with panvascular diseases. However, the specific relationship between tryptophan metabolism, particularly Indole-3-aldehyde (3-IAId), and the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD) remains unclear. 3-IAId showed an inverse association with advanced atherosclerosis, a risk factor for AD. In this study, we employed a well-established β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN)-induced AD murine model to investigate the impact of 3-IAId treatment on the progression of AD. Our results reveal compelling evidence that the administration of 3-IAId significantly mitigated aortic dissection and rupture rates (BAPN + 3-IAId vs. BAPN, 45% vs. 90%) and led to a notable reduction in mortality rates (BAPN + 3-IAId vs. BAPN, 20% vs. 55%). Furthermore, our study elucidates that 3-IAId exerts its beneficial effects by inhibiting the phenotype transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a contractile to a synthetic state. It also mitigates extracellular matrix degradation, attenuates macrophage infiltration, and suppresses the expression of inflammatory cytokines, collectively contributing to the attenuation of AD development. Our findings underscore the potential of 3-IAId as a promising intervention strategy for the prevention of thoracic aortic dissection, thus providing valuable insights into the realm of vascular disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sui-Shane Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.-S.H.); (R.L.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongle Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.-S.H.); (R.L.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shufu Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.-S.H.); (R.L.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.-S.H.); (R.L.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinyu Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.-S.H.); (R.L.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.-S.H.); (R.L.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang W, Chen J, Tan X, Zhang P, Xu X, Ding X, Zhao S, Jin S. Emodin Inhibits the Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced trans-Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells through Upregulating Thrombospondin-1. J Vasc Res 2023; 60:193-203. [PMID: 37669629 PMCID: PMC10614470 DOI: 10.1159/000532028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a protein-bound uremic toxin with vascular toxicity. The primary cause of death in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis is vascular disease, and it had been reported that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) trans-differentiation (VT) plays a vital role in the context of vascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) participates in vascular calcification by keeping the balance of extracellular matrix, but its role in IS-induced VT is unclear. METHODS In this study, clinical specimens, animal models, and in vitro VSMCs were used to investigate the role of TSP-1 in IS induced VT and the potential therapeutic methods. RESULTS We found that TSP-1 was significantly decreased in arterial samples from uremic patients, animal models, and in VSMCs after IS treatment. Downregulation of TSP-1 sufficiently induced the trans-differentiation genotypes of VSMCs. CONCLUSION Emodin, the main monomer extracted from rhubarb, could alleviate IS-induced VT in vitro by upregulating TSP-1. Taken together, IS induces VT by downregulating TSP-1. Emodin might be a candidate drug to alleviate VT under IS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xialian Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Arakawa H, Kato Y. Emerging Roles of Uremic Toxins and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Alteration of Hepatic Drug Disposition in Patients with Kidney Dysfunction. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1127-1135. [PMID: 36854605 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with kidney dysfunction exhibit distinct pharmacokinetic profiles compared to those with normal kidney function. Hence, it is desirable to monitor the drug efficacy and toxicity caused by fluctuations in plasma drug concentrations associated with kidney dysfunction. Recently, pharmacokinetic information of drugs excreted mainly through the urine of patients with kidney dysfunction has been reported via drug-labeling information. Pharmacokinetic changes in drugs mainly eliminated by the liver cannot be overlooked as drug metabolism and/or transport activity in the liver may also be altered in patients with kidney dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To plan an appropriate dosage regimen, it is necessary to clarify the underlying processes of functional changes in pharmacokinetic proteins. In recent years, uremic toxins have been shown to reduce the activity and/or expression of renal and hepatic transporters. This inhibitory effect has been reported to be time-dependent. In addition, inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6, released from immune cells activated by uremic toxins and/or kidney injury can reduce the expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in human hepatocytes. In this mini-review, we have summarized the renal and hepatic pharmacokinetic changes as well as the potential underlying mechanisms in kidney dysfunction, such as the chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Patients with kidney dysfunction exhibit distinct pharmacokinetic profiles compared to those with normal kidney function. Increased plasma concentrations of uremic toxins and inflammatory cytokines during kidney disease may potentially affect the activities and/or expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in the liver and kidneys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Song BF, Li BJ, Ning JZ, Xia YQ, Ye ZH, Yuan TH, Yan XZ, Li L, Zhou XJ, Rao T, Li W, Cheng F. Overexpression of sirtuin 1 attenuates calcium oxalate-induced kidney injury by promoting macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110398. [PMID: 37301123 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein is involved in macrophage differentiation, while NOTCH signaling affects inflammation and macrophage polarization. Inflammation and macrophage infiltration are typical processes that accompany kidney stone formation. However, the role and mechanism of SIRT1 in renal tubular epithelial cell injury caused by calcium oxalate (CaOx) deposition and the relationship between SIRT1 and the NOTCH signaling pathway in this urological disorder are unclear. This study investigated whether SIRT1 promotes macrophage polarization to inhibit CaOx crystal deposition and reduce renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Public single-cell sequencing data, RT-qPCR, immunostaining approaches, and Western blotting showed decreased SIRT1 expression in macrophages treated with CaOx or exposed to kidney stones. Macrophages overexpressing SIRT1 differentiated towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, significantly inhibiting apoptosis and alleviating injury in the kidneys of mice with hyperoxaluria. Conversely, decreased SIRT1 expression in CaOx-treated macrophages triggered Notch signaling pathway activation, promoting macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. Our results suggest that SIRT1 promotes macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype by repressing the NOTCH signaling pathway, which reduces CaOx crystal deposition, apoptosis, and damage in the kidney. Therefore, we propose SIRT1 as a potential target for preventing disease progression in patients with kidney stones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Feng Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo-Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin-Zhuo Ning
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qi Xia
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Hua Ye
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Hui Yuan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Zhou Yan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lu C, Wu L, Tang MY, Liu YF, Liu L, Liu XY, Zhang C, Huang L. Indoxyl sulfate in atherosclerosis. Toxicol Lett 2023:S0378-4274(23)00215-1. [PMID: 37414304 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, has become a main focus of attention worldwide for its chronic progressing disease course and serious complications in the later period. Nevertheless, explanations for the exact molecular mechanisms of AS initiation and development remain to be an unsolved problem. The classic pathogenesis theories, such as lipid percolation and deposition, endothelium injury, inflammation and immune damage, provide the foundation for discovering the new key molecules or signaling mechanisms. Recently, indoxyl sulfate (IS), one of non-free uremia toxins, has been noticeable for its multiple atherogenic effects. IS exists at high concentration in plasma for its great albumin binding rate. Patients with uremia have markedly elevated serum levels of IS due both to the deterioration of renal function and to the high binding affinity of IS to albumin. Nowadays, elevated incidence of circulatory disease among patients with renal dysfunction indicates correlation of uremic toxins with cardiovascular damage. In this review, the atherogenic effects of IS and the underlying mechanisms are summarized with emphasis on several key pathological events associated with AS developments, such as vascular endothelium dysfunction, arterial medial lesions, vascular oxidative stress, excessive inflammatory responses, calcification, thrombosis and foam cell formation. Although recent studies have proved the great correlation between IS and AS, deciphering cellular and pathophysiological signaling by confirming key factors involved in IS-mediated atherosclerosis development may enable identification of novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yao Tang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Ya Liu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Huang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fang W, Yang M, Liu M, Jin Y, Wang Y, Yang R, Wang Y, Zhang K, Fu Q. Review on Additives in Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting of Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanism to Methodology. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1700. [PMID: 37376148 PMCID: PMC10302687 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of biological tissues in medicine is challenging, and 3D bioprinting offers an innovative way to create functional multicellular tissues. One common way in bioprinting is bioink, which is one type of the cell-loaded hydrogel. For clinical application, however, the bioprinting still suffers from satisfactory performance, e.g., in vascularization, effective antibacterial, immunomodulation, and regulation of collagen deposition. Many studies incorporated different bioactive materials into the 3D-printed scaffolds to optimize the bioprinting. Here, we reviewed a variety of additives added to the 3D bioprinting hydrogel. The underlying mechanisms and methodology for biological regeneration are important and will provide a useful basis for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaile Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xie L, Chen J, Wang Y, Jin C, Xie Y, Ma H, Xiang M. Emerging roles of macrophages in heart failure and associated treatment approaches. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231168755. [PMID: 37152348 PMCID: PMC10155014 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231168755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is typically caused by different cardiovascular conditions and has a poor prognosis. Despite the advances in treatment in recent decades, heart failure has remained a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As revealed by in vivo and in vitro experiments, inflammation plays a crucial role in adverse cardiac remodeling, ultimately leading to heart failure. Macrophages are central to the innate immune system, and they are the most indispensable cell type for all cardiac injuries and remodeling stages. The immediate microenvironment regulates their polarization and secretion. In this review, we summarize the phenotypic heterogeneity and governing roles of macrophages in the infarcted, inflamed, and aging heart and assess their significance as potential therapeutic targets in heart failure. We also highlight the current missing links and major challenges in the field that remain to be addressed before macrophages can be exploited for therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengjiang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310009,
China
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310009,
China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Serrano E, Shenoy P, Martinez Cantarin MP. Adipose tissue metabolic changes in chronic kidney disease. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM (SURREY, ENGLAND)) 2023; 5:e00023. [PMID: 37128293 PMCID: PMC10144329 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex organ whose functions go beyond being an energy reservoir to sustain proper body energy homeostasis. Functioning as an endocrine organ, the adipose tissue has an active role in the body's metabolic balance regulation through several secreted factors generally termed as adipokines. Thus, adipose tissue dysregulation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can have a deep impact in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with metabolic dysregulation including metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (IR), atherosclerosis, and even cachexia. CKD is a progressive disorder linked to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite being characterized by renal function loss, CKD is accompanied by metabolic disturbances such as dyslipidemia, protein energy wasting, chronic low-grade inflammation, IR, and lipid redistribution. Thus far, the mechanisms by which these changes occur and the role of adipose tissue in CKD development and progression are unclear. Further understanding of how these factors develop could have implications for the management of CKD by helping identify pharmacological targets to improve CKD outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eurico Serrano
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prashamsa Shenoy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Paula Martinez Cantarin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- *Correspondence: Maria Paula Martinez Cantarin, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang Y, Mihajlovic M, Janssen MJ, Masereeuw R. The Uremic Toxin Indoxyl Sulfate Accelerates Senescence in Kidney Proximal Tubule Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040242. [PMID: 37104179 PMCID: PMC10143766 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is the common final pathway of nearly all chronic and progressive nephropathies. One cause may be the accumulation of senescent cells that secrete factors (senescence associated secretory phenotype, SASP) promoting fibrosis and inflammation. It has been suggested that uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS), play a role in this. Here, we investigated whether IS accelerates senescence in conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells overexpressing the organic anion transporter 1 (ciPTEC-OAT1), thereby promoting kidney fibrosis. Cell viability results suggested that the tolerance of ciPTEC-OAT1 against IS increased in a time-dependent manner at the same dose of IS. This was accompanied by SA-β-gal staining, confirming the accumulation of senescent cells, as well as an upregulation of p21 and downregulation of laminB1 at different time points, accompanied by an upregulation in the SASP factors IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. RNA-sequencing and transcriptome analysis revealed that IS accelerates senescence, and that cell cycle appears to be the most relevant factor during the process. IS accelerates senescence via TNF-α and NF-ĸB signalling early on, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process at later time points. In conclusion, our results suggest that IS accelerates cellular senescence in proximal tubule epithelial cells.
Collapse
|
43
|
Li W, Iusuf D, Sparidans RW, Wagenaar E, Wang Y, de Waart DR, Martins MLF, van Hoppe S, Lebre MC, van Tellingen O, Beijnen JH, Schinkel AH. Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2B1 knockout and humanized mice; insights into the handling of bilirubin and drugs. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106724. [PMID: 36907287 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1/SLCO2B1) facilitates uptake transport of structurally diverse endogenous and exogenous compounds. To investigate the roles of OATP2B1 in physiology and pharmacology, we established and characterized Oatp2b1 knockout (single Slco2b1-/- and combination Slco1a/1b/2b1-/-) and humanized hepatic and intestinal OATP2B1 transgenic mouse models. While viable and fertile, these strains exhibited a modestly increased body weight. In males, unconjugated bilirubin levels were markedly reduced in Slco2b1-/- compared to wild-type mice, whereas bilirubin monoglucuronide levels were modestly increased in Slco1a/1b/2b1-/- compared to Slco1a/1b-/- mice. Single Slco2b1-/- mice showed no significant changes in oral pharmacokinetics of several tested drugs. However, markedly higher or lower plasma exposure of pravastatin and the erlotinib metabolite OSI-420, respectively, were found in Slco1a/1b/2b1-/- compared to Slco1a/1b-/- mice, while oral rosuvastatin and fluvastatin behaved similarly between the strains. In males, humanized OATP2B1 strains showed lower conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin levels than control Slco1a/1b/2b1-deficient mice. Moreover, hepatic expression of human OATP2B1 partially or completely rescued the impaired hepatic uptake of OSI-420, rosuvastatin, pravastatin, and fluvastatin in Slco1a/1b/2b1-/- mice, establishing an important role in hepatic uptake. Expression of human OATP2B1 in the intestine was basolateral and markedly reduced the oral availability of rosuvastatin and pravastatin, but not of OSI-420 and fluvastatin. Neither lack of Oatp2b1, nor overexpression of human OATP2B1 had any effect on fexofenadine oral pharmacokinetics. While these mouse models still have limitations for human translation, with additional work we expect they will provide powerful tools to further understand the physiological and pharmacological roles of OATP2B1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Li
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dilek Iusuf
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Els Wagenaar
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yaogeng Wang
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk R de Waart
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 71, 1105 BK, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Margarida L F Martins
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stéphanie van Hoppe
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria C Lebre
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Saito S, Koya Y, Kajiyama H, Yamashita M, Nawa A. Indoxyl Sulfate Promotes Metastatic Characteristics of Ovarian Cancer Cells via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Downregulation of the Mas Receptor. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100025. [PMID: 36925201 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although platinum-combination chemotherapy shows a high response rate at the primary site, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treatment remains challenging because of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Recent studies have revealed that chemotherapy paradoxically promotes cancer cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis, although the reason for this remains unclear. The underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to chemotherapy-induced metastasis need to be elucidated to establish effective therapeutic strategies. Acute kidney injury is a known side effect of cisplatin treatment, and kidney dysfunction results in the accumulation of uremic toxins in the serum. The present study aimed to investigate whether indoxyl sulfate (IS), a representative uremic toxin, affects the pathophysiology of EOC. In this study, IS reduced the expression of Mas receptor (MasR) in cultured human EOC cells. Both knockdown of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is an intracellular IS receptor, and inhibition of AhR function suppressed IS-mediated downregulation of MasR in SK-OV-3 cells. IS induced the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in an AhR-dependent manner. Inhibition of the STAT3 pathway or reactive oxygen species production suppressed the IS-mediated reduction of MasR. IS stimulated cell migration and invasion of SK-OV-3 cells in an AhR-dependent manner. Cisplatin-nephropathy model mice exhibited elevated levels of serum IS accompanied by elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of IS in mice promoted tumor growth and metastasis. Finally, we found that the MasR agonist Ang-(1-7) suppressed the IS-mediated effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of SK-OV-3 cells. However, the knockdown of MasR expression by specific small interfering RNA in the absence of IS resulted in only minimal promotion of cell migration and invasion. These findings demonstrate that IS promotes malignancy in ovarian cancer via AhR-mediated downregulation of MasR function, whereas Ang-(1-7) attenuates this effect, thereby suggesting that Ang-(1-7) could provide a future treatment strategy for this cancer type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Saito
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan; Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Medical Corporation Kishokai, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan; Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Medical Corporation Kishokai, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yamashita
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Medical Corporation Kishokai, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nawa
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan; Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Medical Corporation Kishokai, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Padalkar MV, Tsivitis AH, Gelfman Y, Kasiyanyk M, Kaungumpillil N, Ma D, Gao M, Borges KA, Dhaliwal P, Nasruddin S, Saji S, Gilani H, Schram EJ, Singh M, Plummer MM, Savinova OV. Paradoxical reduction of plasma lipids and atherosclerosis in mice with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolemia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1088015. [PMID: 36844738 PMCID: PMC9947538 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1088015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we initially aimed to test whether vascular calcification associated with CKD can worsen atherosclerosis. However, a paradoxical finding emerged from attempting to test this hypothesis in a mouse model of adenine-induced CKD. Methods We combined adenine-induced CKD and diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice with a mutation in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene. In the first study, mice were co-treated with 0.2% adenine in a western diet for 8 weeks to induce CKD and atherosclerosis simultaneously. In the second study, mice were pre-treated with adenine in a regular diet for 8 weeks, followed by a western diet for another 8 weeks. Results Co-treatment with adenine and a western diet resulted in a reduction of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, liver lipid contents, and atherosclerosis in co-treated mice when compared with the western-only group, despite a fully penetrant CKD phenotype developed in response to adenine. In the two-step model, renal tubulointerstitial damage and polyuria persisted after the discontinuation of adenine in the adenine-pre-treated mice. The mice, however, had similar plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, liver lipid contents, and aortic root atherosclerosis after being fed a western diet, irrespective of adenine pre-treatment. Unexpectedly, adenine pre-treated mice consumed twice the calories from the diet as those not pre-treated without showing an increase in body weight. Conclusion The adenine-induced CKD model does not recapitulate accelerated atherosclerosis, limiting its use in pre-clinical studies. The results indicate that excessive adenine intake impacts lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha V. Padalkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra H. Tsivitis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Ylona Gelfman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Mariya Kasiyanyk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Neil Kaungumpillil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Danyang Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Michael Gao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Kelly A. Borges
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Puneet Dhaliwal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Saud Nasruddin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Sruthi Saji
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Hina Gilani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Eric J. Schram
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Mohnish Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Maria M. Plummer
- Department of Clinical Specialties, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Olga V. Savinova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yamada S, Tanaka S, Arase H, Hiyamuta H, Kitamura H, Tokumoto M, Mitsuiki K, Tsuruya K, Kitazono T, Nakano T. Association between prevalence of laxative use and history of bone fractures and cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic kidney disease: the Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry (FKR) study. Clin Exp Nephrol 2023; 27:151-160. [PMID: 36318395 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is involved in the pathogenesis of dysbiosis and progression of CKD. However, little is known about its association with disorders of the bone-cardiovascular axis in patients with CKD. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 3878 patients with CKD using the baseline dataset of the Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry study, as a multicenter, prospective cohort study of pre-dialysis CKD patients. The main exposure of interest was constipation defined as use of at least one type of laxative. The main outcomes were the histories of bone fractures and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as manifestations of disorders of the bone-cardiovascular axis. RESULTS The prevalences of laxative use and histories of bone fractures and CVDs increased as kidney function declined. Among the 3878 patients, 532 (13.7%) patients used laxatives, 235 (6.1%) patients had prior bone fractures, and 1001 (25.8%) patients had prior CVDs. Histories of bone fractures and CVDs were significantly more prevalent among laxative users (P < 0.05). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with laxatives had a significantly higher odds ratios for histories of bone fractures and CVDs than those without laxatives [adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) 1.67 (1.20-2.31) and 1.70 (1.30-2.22), respectively, P < 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that constipation indicated by laxative use is associated with increased prevalences of historical bone fractures and CVDs in pre-dialysis patients with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan
| | - Hokuto Arase
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan
| | - Hiroto Hiyamuta
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Kitamura
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan
| | - Masanori Tokumoto
- Division of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Mitsuiki
- Division of Nephrology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakano
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li X, Fei F, Yao G, Yang X, Geng L, Wang D, Gao Y, Hou Y, Sun L. Notch1 signalling controls the differentiation and function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology 2023; 168:170-183. [PMID: 36038992 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have reported the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in some autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the detailed molecular mechanisms of the aberrant expansion in SLE are still unclear. In the present study, we confirmed that the increased MDSCs positively correlated with disease activity in SLE patients. The suppressive capacity of MDSCs from patients with high activity was lower than that of MDSCs from patients with low activity. Moreover, the potential precursors for MDSCs, common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs), were markedly increased in the bone marrow (BM) aspirates of SLE patients. As an important regulator of cell fate decisions, aberrant activation of Notch signalling was reported to participate in the pathogenesis of SLE. We found that the expression of Notch1 and its downstream target gene hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes-1) increased markedly in GMPs from SLE patients. Moreover, the Notch1 signalling inhibitor DAPT profoundly relieved disease progression and decreased the proportion of MDSCs in pristane-induced lupus mice. The frequency of GMPs was also decreased significantly in lupus mice after DAPT treatment. Furthermore, the inhibition of Notch1 signalling could limit the differentiation of MDSCs in vitro. The therapeutic effect of DAPT was also verified in Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist-induced lupus mice. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Notch1 signalling played a crucial role in MDSC differentiation in SLE. These findings will provide a promising therapy for the treatment of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Genhong Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xixi Yang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Linyu Geng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kishimoto H, Nakano T, Torisu K, Tokumoto M, Uchida Y, Yamada S, Taniguchi M, Kitazono T. Indoxyl sulfate induces left ventricular hypertrophy via the AhR-FGF23-FGFR4 signaling pathway. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:990422. [PMID: 36895836 PMCID: PMC9988908 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.990422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are associated with LVH in patients with CKD, but the interactions between these molecules remain unknown. We investigated whether IS contributes to LVH associated with FGF23 in cultured cardiomyocytes and CKD mice. Methods and results In cultured rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells incubated with IS, mRNA levels of the LVH markers atrial natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, and β-myosin heavy chain were significantly upregulated. Levels of mRNA of the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3), which regulates FGF23 O-glycosylation, and FGF23 were also upregulated in H9c2 cells. Intact FGF23 protein expression and fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) phosphorylation were increased in cell lysates by IS administration. In C57BL/6J mice with heminephrectomy, IS promoted LVH, whereas the inhibition of FGFR4 significantly reduced heart weight and left ventricular wall thickness in IS-treated groups. While there was no significant difference in serum FGF23 concentrations, cardiac FGF23 protein expression was markedly increased in IS-injected mice. GALNT3, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, and FGF23 protein expression was induced in H9c2 cells by IS treatment and suppressed by the inhibition of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor which is the receptor for IS. Conclusion This study suggests that IS increases FGF23 protein expression via an increase in GALNT3 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression, and activates FGF23-FGFR4 signaling in cardiomyocytes, leading to LVH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kishimoto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakano
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kumiko Torisu
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yushi Uchida
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang K, Xu X, Shan Q, Ding R, Lyu Q, Huang L, Chen X, Han X, Yang Q, Sang X, Peng M, Hao M, Cao G. Integrated gut microbiota and serum metabolomics reveal the protective effect of oleanolic acid on liver and kidney-injured rats induced by Euphorbia pekinensis. Phytother Res 2022. [PMID: 36426741 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Euphorbia pekinensis (EP) is a commonly used Chinese medicine treating edema with potential hepatorenal toxicity. However, its toxic mechanism and prevention are remained to be explored. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a triterpene acid with potential hepatorenal protective activities. We investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of OA on EP-induced hepatorenal toxicity. In this study, rats were given total diterpenes from EP (TDEP, 16 mg/kg) combined with OA (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) by gavage for 4 weeks. The results showed that TDEP administration could lead to a 3-4-fold increasement in hepatorenal biochemical parameters with histopathological injuries, while OA treatment could ameliorate them in a dose-dependent manner. At microbial and metabolic levels, intestinal flora and host metabolism were perturbed after TDEP administration. The disturbance of bile acid metabolism was the most significant metabolic pathway, with secondary bile acids increasing while conjugated bile acids decreased. OA treatment can improve the disorder of intestinal flora and metabolic bile acid spectrum. Further correlation analysis screened out that Escherichia-Shigella, Phascolarctobacterium, Acetatifactor, and Akkermansia were closely related to the bile acid metabolic disorder. In conclusion, oleanolic acid could prevent hepatorenal toxicity induced by EP by regulating bile acids metabolic disorder via intestinal flora improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichuang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu X, Li Y, Ni SH, Sun SN, Deng JP, Ou-Yang XL, Huang YS, Li H, Chen ZX, Feng WJ, Lian ZM, Wang ZK, Xian SX, Yang ZQ, Ye XH, Wang LJ, Lu L. Zhen-Wu decoction and lactiflorin, an ingredient predicted by in silico modelling, alleviate uremia induced cardiac endothelial injury via Nrf2 activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115579. [PMID: 35963415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS type 4), with high rates of morbidity and mortality, has become a social and economic problem worldwide over the last few decades. Zhen-Wu decoction, a traditional medicine used in East Asia, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and kidney disease, and has shown potential therapeutic effects for the clinical treatment of CRS type 4. However, the underlying mechanism has not been extensively explored. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Zhen-Wu decoction on uremic cardiomyopathy, offering a potential target for clinical treatment of CRS type 4. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five/six nephrectomized mice were utilized for experiments in vivo. The cardioprotective effects of Zhen-Wu decoction were evaluated by echocardiography and tissue staining. RNA-Seq data were used to investigate the potential pharmacological mechanism. The prediction of targets and active components was based on our previous strategy. Subsequently, the protective effect of the selected compound was verified in experiments in vitro. RESULTS Zhen-Wu decoction alleviated cardiac dysfunction and endothelial injury in 5/6 nephrectomized mice, and the mechanism may involve the inflammatory process and oxidative stress. The activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway was predicted to be a potential target of Zhen-Wu decoction in protecting endothelial cells. Through our machine learning strategy, we found that lactiflorin as an ingredient in Zhen-Wu decoction, alleviates IS-induced endothelial cell injury by blocking Keap1 and activating Nrf2. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that Zhen-Wu decoction and lactiflorin could protect endothelial cells against oxidative stress in mice after nephrectomy by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shi-Hao Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Jian-Ping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Ou-Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zi-Xin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Wen-Jun Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Lian
- Guangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhen-Kui Wang
- Guangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shao-Xiang Xian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Han Ye
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| |
Collapse
|