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Olanlokun JO, Owolabi AB, Odedeyi A, Oderinde SO, Bodede O, Steenkamp P, Koorbanally NA, Olorunsogo OO. Mechanism of antimalarial action and mitigation of infection-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction by phyto-constituents of Andrographis paniculata ((Burm f.) Wall. ex Nees) in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118241. [PMID: 38670400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Andrographis paniculata (AP) ((Burm f.) Wall. ex Nees) is a medicinal plant, documented for its folkloric use in the treatment of malaria. AIM This study was designed to determine the potency of extract and fractions of A. paniculata (AP) as a curative, both for susceptible and resistant malaria and to also determine the plant's mechanism of action. This study was also designed to determine whether AP extract and its most potent fraction will mitigate infection-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, and to assess the phytochemical constituents of the most potent fraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS n-Hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and methanol were used to partition the methanol extract of A. paniculata. Graded doses of these extract and fractions were used to treat mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive strain of P. berghei in a curative model. The most potent fraction was used to treat mice infected with resistant (ANKA strain) P. berghei. Inhibition of hemozoin formation, reversal of mitochondrial dysfunction and antiinflammatory potentials were determined. A combination of ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used for chemical analysis. RESULTS Microscopy revealed that the dichloromethane fraction decreased the parasite burden the most, and inhibition of the hemozoin formation is one of its mechanisms of action. The dichloromethane fraction reversed parasite-induced mitochondrial pore opening in the host, enzyme-dependent ATP hydrolysis and peroxidation of host mitochondrial membrane phospholipids as well as its antiinflammatory potentials. The UPLC-qTOF-MS report and NMR fingerprints of the dichloromethane fraction of A. paniculata yielded fourteen compounds of which sibiricinone C was identified from the plant for the first time. CONCLUSION Fractions of A. paniculata possess antiplasmodial effects with the dichloromethane fraction having the highest potency. The potent effect of this fraction may be attributed to the phytochemicals present because it contains terpenes implicated with antimalarial and antiinflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Oludele Olanlokun
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Adesola Bunmi Owolabi
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Aminat Odedeyi
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Obaloluwa Oderinde
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Bodede
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Centre for Plant Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | | | - Olufunso Olabode Olorunsogo
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Shiba M, Kato T, Seko Y, Minamino-Muta E, Tanada Y, Kimura T, Ono K. Cobalt protoporphyrin promotes heme oxygenase 1 expression and ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in long-term fasting mice. Int J Cardiol 2024; 404:131972. [PMID: 38490272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between malnutrition and cardiac dysfunction has been reported. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 played protective roles in the animals functioning as a myocardial infarction, heart failure, or cardiomyopathy model. We hypothesized that the administration of HO-1 inducer, cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) reduces oxidative stress and ameliorates cardiac systolic dysfunction in long-term fasting mice. METHODS C57BL/6 J mice were classified into three groups: fed mice (fed group), 48-h fasting mice with a single intraperitoneal injection of the corresponding vehicle (fasting group), and 48-h fasting mice with a single intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg CoPP (CoPP group). RESULTS The fasting group showed a significant increase in heme and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE) protein in the heart tissue, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) when compared with the fed group. The CoPP group showed significantly increased protein levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 and HO-1, and increased mRNA expression levels of HO-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, forkhead box protein O1, sirtuin-1, cyclooxygenase 2, and superoxide dismutase 2, and reduced levels of heme and 4HNE protein when compared with the fasting group. LVEF were significantly higher in the CoPP group than in the fasting group. CONCLUSIONS Administration of CoPP reduced heme accumulation and oxidative stress, and ameliorated cardiac systolic dysfunction in long-term fasting mice. This study suggests that heme accumulation may be associated with impaired cardiac function induced by long-term fasting and that HO-1 may be a key factor or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shiba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takao Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yuta Seko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Minamino-Muta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Tanada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koh Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Hiltunen Thorén M, Onuț-Brännström I, Alfjorden A, Pecková H, Swords F, Hooper C, Holzer AS, Bass D, Burki F. Comparative genomics of Ascetosporea gives new insight into the evolutionary basis for animal parasitism in Rhizaria. BMC Biol 2024; 22:103. [PMID: 38702750 PMCID: PMC11069148 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascetosporea (Endomyxa, Rhizaria) is a group of unicellular parasites infecting aquatic invertebrates. They are increasingly being recognized as widespread and important in marine environments, causing large annual losses in invertebrate aquaculture. Despite their importance, little molecular data of Ascetosporea exist, with only two genome assemblies published to date. Accordingly, the evolutionary origin of these parasites is unclear, including their phylogenetic position and the genomic adaptations that accompanied the transition from a free-living lifestyle to parasitism. Here, we sequenced and assembled three new ascetosporean genomes, as well as the genome of a closely related amphizoic species, to investigate the phylogeny, origin, and genomic adaptations to parasitism in Ascetosporea. RESULTS Using a phylogenomic approach, we confirm the monophyly of Ascetosporea and show that Paramyxida group with Mikrocytida, with Haplosporida being sister to both groups. We report that the genomes of these parasites are relatively small (12-36 Mb) and gene-sparse (~ 2300-5200 genes), while containing surprisingly high amounts of non-coding sequence (~ 70-90% of the genomes). Performing gene-tree aware ancestral reconstruction of gene families, we demonstrate extensive gene losses at the origin of parasitism in Ascetosporea, primarily of metabolic functions, and little gene gain except on terminal branches. Finally, we highlight some functional gene classes that have undergone expansions during evolution of the group. CONCLUSIONS We present important new genomic information from a lineage of enigmatic but important parasites of invertebrates and illuminate some of the genomic innovations accompanying the evolutionary transition to parasitism in this lineage. Our results and data provide a genetic basis for the development of control measures against these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hiltunen Thorén
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyv. 18D, Uppsala, SE-752 36, Sweden.
- Present Address: Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius V. 20 A, Stockholm, SE-114 18, Sweden.
- Present Address: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, SE-114 18, Sweden.
| | - Ioana Onuț-Brännström
- Present Address: Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Norbyv. 18D, Uppsala, SE-752 36, Sweden
- Present Address: Natural History Museum, Oslo University, Oslo, 0562, Norway
| | - Anders Alfjorden
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyv. 18D, Uppsala, SE-752 36, Sweden
| | - Hana Pecková
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Fiona Swords
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, H91R673, Ireland
| | - Chantelle Hooper
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
- Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Astrid S Holzer
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
- Division of Fish Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - David Bass
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
- Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
- Natural History Museum (NHM), Science, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Fabien Burki
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyv. 18D, Uppsala, SE-752 36, Sweden.
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Ibrahim IH. Metalloproteins and metalloproteomics in health and disease. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 141:123-176. [PMID: 38960472 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Metalloproteins represents more than one third of human proteome, with huge variation in physiological functions and pathological implications, depending on the metal/metals involved and tissue context. Their functions range from catalysis, bioenergetics, redox, to DNA repair, cell proliferation, signaling, transport of vital elements, and immunity. The human metalloproteomic studies revealed that many families of metalloproteins along with individual metalloproteins are dysregulated under several clinical conditions. Also, several sorts of interaction between redox- active or redox- inert metalloproteins are observed in health and disease. Metalloproteins profiling shows distinct alterations in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, inflammation, infection, diabetes mellitus, among other diseases. This makes metalloproteins -either individually or as families- a promising target for several therapeutic approaches. Inhibitors and activators of metalloenzymes, metal chelators, along with artificial metalloproteins could be versatile in diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, in addition to other biomedical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hassan Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Bhowmik S, Biswas AK, Baranwal AK, Pawar AA, Dimri U. The effect of blood transfusion on serum hepcidin levels in chronically transfused patients of β-thalassemia major: An observational study in a tertiary care centre in Western Maharashtra. Asian J Transfus Sci 2024; 18:73-78. [PMID: 39036689 PMCID: PMC11259346 DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_160_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepcidin is the key regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. In iron-loading anemias, hepcidin levels are regulated by opposite forces of erythropoiesis and iron overload. In β-thalassemia major patients, transfusions are the predominant cause of iron overload; in such chronically transfused patients, hepcidin concentrations are significantly higher than nontransfused patients, due to both increased iron load of transfusions and the suppression of ineffective erythropoiesis. AIM This study aims to evaluate the effect of blood transfusions on serum hepcidin levels in chronically transfused patients of β-thalassemia major and correlate with hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels of pre- and posttransfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three β-thalassemia major patients requiring monthly transfusions were included in the study. Blood samples, collected pretransfusion and 7 days posttransfusion, were evaluated for hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum hepcidin using enzyme immunoassay. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data were statistically analyzed through SPSS software and P < 0.05 is considered statically significant. RESULTS Posttransfusion levels of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum hepcidin increased. Posttransfusion levels of hepcidin were near normal levels. Pre- and posttransfusion hepcidin concentrations were significantly associated with hemoglobin levels. CONCLUSION Serum hepcidin concentrations vary depending on the degree of erythropoiesis drive and level of anemia. We found that the serum hepcidin levels decrease over the inter-transfusion interval and transfusions cause suppression of ineffective erythropoiesis by the increase in hemoglobin. Posttransfusion values of hepcidin in our study were closer to normal levels which may be due to lower erythropoietic drive posttransfusion. We suggest that the measurement of serum hepcidin in chronically transfused β-thalassemia patients can be used as a follow-up investigation for better management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Bhowmik
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Kumar Biswas
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Baranwal
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Ajay Pawar
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ujjwal Dimri
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Møller AL, Vasan RS, Levy D, Andersson C, Lin H. Integrated omics analysis of coronary artery calcifications and myocardial infarction: the Framingham Heart Study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21581. [PMID: 38062110 PMCID: PMC10703905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene function can be described using various measures. We integrated association studies of three types of omics data to provide insights into the pathophysiology of subclinical coronary disease and myocardial infarction (MI). Using multivariable regression models, we associated: (1) single nucleotide polymorphism, (2) DNA methylation, and (3) gene expression with coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores and MI. Among 3106 participants of the Framingham Heart Study, 65 (2.1%) had prevalent MI and 60 (1.9%) had incident MI, median CAC value was 67.8 [IQR 10.8, 274.9], and 1403 (45.2%) had CAC scores > 0 (prevalent CAC). Prevalent CAC was associated with AHRR (linked to smoking) and EXOC3 (affecting platelet function and promoting hemostasis). CAC score was associated with VWA1 (extracellular matrix protein associated with cartilage structure in endomysium). For prevalent MI we identified FYTTD1 (down-regulated in familial hypercholesterolemia) and PINK1 (linked to cardiac tissue homeostasis and ischemia-reperfusion injury). Incident MI was associated with IRX3 (enhancing browning of white adipose tissue) and STXBP3 (controlling trafficking of glucose transporter type 4 to plasma). Using an integrative trans-omics approach, we identified both putatively novel and known candidate genes associated with CAC and MI. Replication of findings is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie Lykkemark Møller
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cardiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- University of Texas School of Public Health San Antonio, and Departments of Medicine and Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charlotte Andersson
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Vue Z, Garza‐Lopez E, Neikirk K, Katti P, Vang L, Beasley H, Shao J, Marshall AG, Crabtree A, Murphy AC, Jenkins BC, Prasad P, Evans C, Taylor B, Mungai M, Killion M, Stephens D, Christensen TA, Lam J, Rodriguez B, Phillips MA, Daneshgar N, Koh H, Koh A, Davis J, Devine N, Saleem M, Scudese E, Arnold KR, Vanessa Chavarin V, Daniel Robinson R, Chakraborty M, Gaddy JA, Sweetwyne MT, Wilson G, Zaganjor E, Kezos J, Dondi C, Reddy AK, Glancy B, Kirabo A, Quintana AM, Dai D, Ocorr K, Murray SA, Damo SM, Exil V, Riggs B, Mobley BC, Gomez JA, McReynolds MR, Hinton A. 3D reconstruction of murine mitochondria reveals changes in structure during aging linked to the MICOS complex. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14009. [PMID: 37960952 PMCID: PMC10726809 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During aging, muscle gradually undergoes sarcopenia, the loss of function associated with loss of mass, strength, endurance, and oxidative capacity. However, the 3D structural alterations of mitochondria associated with aging in skeletal muscle and cardiac tissues are not well described. Although mitochondrial aging is associated with decreased mitochondrial capacity, the genes responsible for the morphological changes in mitochondria during aging are poorly characterized. We measured changes in mitochondrial morphology in aged murine gastrocnemius, soleus, and cardiac tissues using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy and 3D reconstructions. We also used reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR, transmission electron microscopy quantification, Seahorse analysis, and metabolomics and lipidomics to measure changes in mitochondrial morphology and function after loss of mitochondria contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex genes, Chchd3, Chchd6, and Mitofilin. We identified significant changes in mitochondrial size in aged murine gastrocnemius, soleus, and cardiac tissues. We found that both age-related loss of the MICOS complex and knockouts of MICOS genes in mice altered mitochondrial morphology. Given the critical role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular metabolism, we characterized the metabolomes and lipidomes of young and aged mouse tissues, which showed profound alterations consistent with changes in membrane integrity, supporting our observations of age-related changes in muscle tissues. We found a relationship between changes in the MICOS complex and aging. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms that underlie the tissue-dependent 3D mitochondrial phenotypic changes that occur in aging and the evolutionary conservation of these mechanisms between Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | | | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Prasanna Katti
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthMarylandBethesdaUSA
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Heather Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Jianqiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research FacilityUniversity of IowaIowaIowa CityUSA
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Alexandria C. Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Brenita C. Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Praveena Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Chantell Evans
- Department of Cell BiologyDuke University School of MedicineNorth CarolinaDurhamUSA
| | - Brittany Taylor
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of FloridaFloridaGainesvilleUSA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Mason Killion
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Dominique Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | | | - Jacob Lam
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowaIowa CityUSA
| | | | - Mark A. Phillips
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityOregonCorvallisUSA
| | - Nastaran Daneshgar
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityOregonCorvallisUSA
| | - Ho‐Jin Koh
- Department of Biological SciencesTennessee State UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Alice Koh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Jamaine Davis
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience, and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Nina Devine
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityOregonCorvallisUSA
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Laboratory of Biosciences of Human Motricity (LABIMH) of the Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)Rio de JaneiroBrazil
- Sport Sciences and Exercise Laboratory (LaCEE)Catholic University of Petrópolis (UCP)PetrópolisState of Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Kenneth Ryan Arnold
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at IrvineCaliforniaIrvineUSA
| | - Valeria Vanessa Chavarin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at IrvineCaliforniaIrvineUSA
| | - Ryan Daniel Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at IrvineCaliforniaIrvineUSA
| | | | - Jennifer A. Gaddy
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of Medicine Health and SocietyVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of Veterans AffairsTennessee Valley Healthcare SystemsTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Mariya T. Sweetwyne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of WashingtonWashingtonSeattleUSA
| | - Genesis Wilson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Elma Zaganjor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - James Kezos
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteCaliforniaLa JollaUSA
| | - Cristiana Dondi
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteCaliforniaLa JollaUSA
| | | | - Brian Glancy
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthMarylandBethesdaUSA
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of HealthMarylandBethesdaUSA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Anita M. Quintana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research CenterUniversity of Texas at El PasoTexasEl PasoUSA
| | - Dao‐Fu Dai
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Johns Hopkins School of MedicineMarylandBaltimoreUSA
| | - Karen Ocorr
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteCaliforniaLa JollaUSA
| | - Sandra A. Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPennsylvaniaPittsburghUSA
| | - Steven M. Damo
- Department of Life and Physical SciencesFisk UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Center for Structural BiologyVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Vernat Exil
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowaIowa CityUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of CardiologySt. Louis University School of MedicineMissouriSt. LouisUSA
| | - Blake Riggs
- Department of BiologySan Francisco State UniversityCaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA
| | - Bret C. Mobley
- Department of PathologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Jose A. Gomez
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Melanie R. McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
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III R, Lujan B, Martinez A, Manasi R, DeBow JD, Kou KGM. A Fenton Approach to Aromatic Radical Cations and Diarylmethane Synthesis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15060-15066. [PMID: 37847050 PMCID: PMC10629232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating carbon-centered radicals to add to electron-deficient systems is a well-precedented process. By coupling the Fe(II)-mediated Fenton reaction with the Fe(III)-mediated single-electron oxidation of anisolic compounds, we demonstrate how electron-rich carbon-centered radicals can react with electron-rich arenes through a radical-polar cascade pathway. This bioinspired approach produces diarylmethane derivatives from simple unfunctionalized precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert
Crowley III
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | | | | | - Roni Manasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Justin D. DeBow
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Kevin G. M. Kou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Garcia CK, Gambino BJ, Robinson GP, Rua MT, Alzahrani JM, Clanton TL. Delayed metabolic disturbances in the myocardium after exertional heat stroke: contrasting effects of exertion and thermal load. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:1186-1198. [PMID: 37795530 PMCID: PMC10979828 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00372.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies report higher risks of cardiovascular disease in humans exposed to heat stroke earlier in life. Previously, we explored mechanistic links between heat stroke and developing cardiac abnormalities using a preclinical mouse model of exertional heat stroke (EHS). Profound metabolic abnormalities developed in the ventricles of females but not males after 2 wk of recovery. Here we tested whether this lack of response in males could be attributed to the lower exercise performances or reduced thermal loads they experienced with the same running protocol. We systematically altered environmental temperature (Te) during EHS to manipulate heat exposure and exercise performance in the males. Three groups of adult C57BL/6 male mice were studied: "EHS-34" (Te = 34°C), "EHS-41" (Te = 41°C), and "EHS-39.5" (Te = 39.5°C). Mice ran until symptom limitation (unconsciousness), reaching max core temperature (Tc,max). After a 2-wk recovery, the mice were euthanized, and the ventricles were removed for untargeted metabolomics. Results were compared against age-matched nonexercise controls. The EHS-34 mice greatly elevated their exercise performance but reached lower Tc,max and lower thermal loads. The EHS-41 mice exhibited equivalent thermal loads, exercise times, and Tc,max compared with EHS-39.5. The ventricles from EHS-34 mice exhibited the greatest metabolic disturbances in the heart, characterized by shifts toward glucose metabolism, reductions in acylcarnitines, increased amino acid metabolites, elevations in antioxidants, altered TCA cycle flux, and increased xenobiotics. In conclusion, delayed metabolic disturbances following EHS in male myocardium appear to be greatly amplified by higher levels of exertion in the heat, even with lower thermal loads and max core temperatures.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Epidemiological data demonstrate greater cardiovascular risk in patients with previous heat stroke exposure. Using a preclinical mouse model of exertional heat stroke, male mice were exposed to one of three environmental temperatures (Te) during exercise. Paradoxically, after 2 wk, the mice in the lowest Te, exhibiting the largest exercise response and lowest heat load, had the greatest ventricular metabolic disturbances. Metabolic outcomes resemble developing left ventricular hypertrophy or stress-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K Garcia
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Bryce J Gambino
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Gerard P Robinson
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Michael T Rua
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Jamal M Alzahrani
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Thomas L Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
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10
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Keane RW, Hadad R, Scott XO, Cabrera Ranaldi EDLRM, Pérez-Bárcena J, de Rivero Vaccari JP. Neural-Cardiac Inflammasome Axis after Traumatic Brain Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1382. [PMID: 37895853 PMCID: PMC10610322 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects not only the brain but also peripheral organs like the heart and the lungs, which influences long-term outcomes. A heightened systemic inflammatory response is often induced after TBI, but the underlying pathomechanisms that contribute to co-morbidities remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether extracellular vehicles (EVs) containing inflammasome proteins are released after severe controlled cortical impact (CCI) in C57BL/6 mice and cause activation of inflammasomes in the heart that result in tissue damage. The atrium of injured mice at 3 days after TBI showed a significant increase in the levels of the inflammasome proteins AIM2, ASC, caspases-1, -8 and -11, whereas IL-1β was increased in the ventricles. Additionally, the injured cortex showed a significant increase in IL-1β, ASC, caspases-1, -8 and -11 and pyrin at 3 days after injury when compared to the sham. Serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) from injured patients were characterized with nanoparticle tracking analysis and Ella Simple Plex and showed elevated levels of the inflammasome proteins caspase-1, ASC and IL-18. Mass spectrometry of serum-derived EVs from mice after TBI revealed a variety of complement- and cardiovascular-related signaling proteins. Moreover, adoptive transfer of serum-derived EVs from TBI patients resulted in inflammasome activation in cardiac cells in culture. Thus, TBI elicits inflammasome activation, primarily in the atrium, that is mediated, in part, by EVs that contain inflammasome- and complement-related signaling proteins that are released into serum and contribute to peripheral organ systemic inflammation, which increases inflammasome activation in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Keane
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.W.K.); (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.)
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Roey Hadad
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xavier O. Scott
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Erika d. l. R. M. Cabrera Ranaldi
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.W.K.); (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.)
| | - Jon Pérez-Bárcena
- Intensive Care Department, Son Espases University Hospital, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.W.K.); (E.d.l.R.M.C.R.)
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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11
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Kopacz A, Klóska D, Cysewski D, Kraszewska I, Przepiórska K, Lenartowicz M, Łoboda A, Grochot-Przęczek A, Nowak W, Józkowicz A, Piechota-Polańczyk A. Co-administration of angiotensin II and simvastatin triggers kidney injury upon heme oxygenase-1 deficiency. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:188-201. [PMID: 37302617 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidneys are pivotal organ in iron redistribution and can be severely damaged in the course of hemolysis. In our previous studies, we observed that induction of hypertension with angiotensin II (Ang II) combined with simvastatin administration results in a high mortality rate or the appearance of signs of kidney failure in heme oxygenase-1 knockout (HO-1 KO) mice. Here, we aimed to address the mechanisms underlying this effect, focusing on heme and iron metabolism. We show that HO-1 deficiency leads to iron accumulation in the renal cortex. Higher mortality of Ang II and simvastatin-treated HO-1 KO mice coincides with increased iron accumulation and the upregulation of mucin-1 in the proximal convoluted tubules. In vitro studies showed that mucin-1 hampers heme- and iron-related oxidative stress through the sialic acid residues. In parallel, knock-down of HO-1 induces the glutathione pathway in an NRF2-depedent manner, which likely protects against heme-induced toxicity. To sum up, we showed that heme degradation during heme overload is not solely dependent on HO-1 enzymatic activity, but can be modulated by the glutathione pathway. We also identified mucin-1 as a novel redox regulator. The results suggest that hypertensive patients with less active HMOX1 alleles may be at higher risk of kidney injury after statin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kopacz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Damian Klóska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Molecular Mechanisms of Diseases Laboratory, Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dominik Cysewski
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland; Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Kraszewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Przepiórska
- Laboratory of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lenartowicz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Grochot-Przęczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Witold Nowak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piechota-Polańczyk
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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12
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Tsiftsoglou SA. Heme Interactions as Regulators of the Alternative Pathway Complement Responses and Implications for Heme-Associated Pathologies. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5198-5214. [PMID: 37367079 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme (Fe2+-protoporphyrin IX) is a pigment of life, and as a prosthetic group in several hemoproteins, it contributes to diverse critical cellular processes. While its intracellular levels are tightly regulated by networks of heme-binding proteins (HeBPs), labile heme can be hazardous through oxidative processes. In blood plasma, heme is scavenged by hemopexin (HPX), albumin and several other proteins, while it also interacts directly with complement components C1q, C3 and factor I. These direct interactions block the classical pathway (CP) and distort the alternative pathway (AP). Errors or flaws in heme metabolism, causing uncontrolled intracellular oxidative stress, can lead to several severe hematological disorders. Direct interactions of extracellular heme with alternative pathway complement components (APCCs) may be implicated molecularly in diverse conditions at sites of abnormal cell damage and vascular injury. In such disorders, a deregulated AP could be associated with the heme-mediated disruption of the physiological heparan sulphate-CFH coat of stressed cells and the induction of local hemostatic responses. Within this conceptual frame, a computational evaluation of HBMs (heme-binding motifs) aimed to determine how heme interacts with APCCs and whether these interactions are affected by genetic variation within putative HBMs. Combined computational analysis and database mining identified putative HBMs in all of the 16 APCCs examined, with 10 exhibiting disease-associated genetic (SNPs) and/or epigenetic variation (PTMs). Overall, this article indicates that among the pleiotropic roles of heme reviewed, the interactions of heme with APCCs could induce differential AP-mediated hemostasis-driven pathologies in certain individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos A Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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13
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Chen WA, Dou Y, Fletcher HM, Boskovic DS. Local and Systemic Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:470. [PMID: 36838435 PMCID: PMC9963840 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobe, is a leading etiological agent in periodontitis. This infectious pathogen can induce a dysbiotic, proinflammatory state within the oral cavity by disrupting commensal interactions between the host and oral microbiota. It is advantageous for P. gingivalis to avoid complete host immunosuppression, as inflammation-induced tissue damage provides essential nutrients necessary for robust bacterial proliferation. In this context, P. gingivalis can gain access to the systemic circulation, where it can promote a prothrombotic state. P. gingivalis expresses a number of virulence factors, which aid this pathogen toward infection of a variety of host cells, evasion of detection by the host immune system, subversion of the host immune responses, and activation of several humoral and cellular hemostatic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Chen
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yuetan Dou
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hansel M Fletcher
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Danilo S Boskovic
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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14
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Abstract
The cardiovascular system requires iron to maintain its high energy demands and metabolic activity. Iron plays a critical role in oxygen transport and storage, mitochondrial function, and enzyme activity. However, excess iron is also cardiotoxic due to its ability to catalyze the formation of reactive oxygen species and promote oxidative damage. While mammalian cells have several redundant iron import mechanisms, they are equipped with a single iron-exporting protein, which makes the cardiovascular system particularly sensitive to iron overload. As a result, iron levels are tightly regulated at many levels to maintain homeostasis. Iron dysregulation ranges from iron deficiency to iron overload and is seen in many types of cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, and Friedreich's ataxia. Recently, the use of intravenous iron therapy has been advocated in patients with heart failure and certain criteria for iron deficiency. Here, we provide an overview of systemic and cellular iron homeostasis in the context of cardiovascular physiology, iron deficiency, and iron overload in cardiovascular disease, current therapeutic strategies, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Teodor Sawicki
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Adam De Jesus
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
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15
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Zhang L, Liang Y, Liang G, Tian Z, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Ji X. The therapeutic prospects of N-acetylgalactosamine-siRNA conjugates. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090237. [PMID: 36588695 PMCID: PMC9794871 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference has become increasingly used for genetic therapy following the rapid development of oligonucleotide drugs. Significant progress has been made in its delivery system and implementation in the treatment of target organs. After a brief introduction of RNA interference technology and siRNA, the efficiency and stability of GalNAc-siRNA conjugates are highlighted since several oligonucleotide drugs of GalNAc have been approved for clinical use in recent years. The structure and features of GalNAc-siRNA conjugates are studied and the clinical efficiency and limitations of oligonucleotide-based drugs are summarized and investigated. Furthermore, another delivery system, lipid nanoparticles, that confer many advantages, is concluded, includ-ing stability and mass production, compared with GalNAc-siRNA conjugates. Importantly, developing new approaches for the use of oligonucleotide drugs brings hope to genetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yayu Liang
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guohui Liang
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhili Tian
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of General Practice, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhihui Liu, ; Xinying Ji,
| | - Xinying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China,*Correspondence: Zhihui Liu, ; Xinying Ji,
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16
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Vaccination with a combination of planktonic and biofilm virulence factors confers protection against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19909. [PMID: 36402866 PMCID: PMC9675771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a multi-drug resistant pathogen with the ability to switch between planktonic and biofilm phenotypes. Although there is no vaccine against A. baumannii infections, many attempts have been made to develop vaccines using planktonic or biofilm antigens. To cover the different phenotypes of A. baumannii during growth and attachment, we combined planktonic upregulated antigens of iron receptors with biofilm upregulated antigens of pilus rods and evaluated immune responses and protective efficacies of the combined vaccine using lethal and sub-lethal murine sepsis models. The results showed that the combined vaccine elicited high IgG antibody titers and conferred protection against lethal doses of two Carbapenem-resistant high adherent A. baumannii strains. Complete bacterial clearance from all the affected tissues of the mice challenged with A. baumannii was an excellent achievement with our quadrivalent immunogen. These results demonstrate both planktonic and biofilm antigens are important during antigen selection for vaccine design.
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17
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External Hemin as an Inhibitor of Mitochondrial Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113391. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and seems to play a crucial role in cytoprotection. The mitoBKCa channel is regulated by many modulators, including activators, such as calcium ions and inhibitors, such as heme and its oxidized form hemin. Heme/hemin binds to the heme-binding motif (CXXCH) located between two RCK domains present in the mitochondrial matrix. In the present study, we used the patch-clamp technique in the outside-out configuration to record the activity of mitoBKCa channels. This allowed for the application of channel modulators to the intermembrane-space side of the mitoBKCa. We found that hemin applied in this configuration inhibits the activity of mitoBKCa. In addition, we proved that the observed hemin effect is specific and it is not due to its interaction with the inner mitochondrial membrane. Our data suggest the existence of a new potential heme/hemin binding site in the structure of the mitoBKCa channel located on the mitochondrial intermembrane space side, which could constitute a new way for the regulation of mitoBKCa channel activity.
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18
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Lin J, Lin K, Huang L, Jiang Y, Ding X, Luo W, Samorodov AV, Pavlov VN, Liang G, Qian J, Wang Y. Heme induces inflammatory injury by directly binding to the complex of myeloid differentiation protein 2 and toll-like receptor 4. Toxicol Lett 2022; 370:15-23. [PMID: 36115635 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Heme, as an essential component of hemoproteins, is a prosthetic co-factor found in many cells, which is essential for physiologically vital oxygen transport. However, extracellular or circulatory heme is cytotoxic and triggers inflammation. Although the proinflammatory role of heme has been reported to be associated with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, the exact mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that heme promotes TLR4 signaling and inflammation via directly physically interacting with TLR4 and its adaptor protein myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2). Genetic loss of MD2 ameliorates heme-induced inflammation and inflammatory cytokine production in the spleen of MD2 knockout (MD2-/-) mice. Using mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line, we show that heme induces TLR4 dimerization and MD2/TLR4/MyD88 activation by physically interacting with TLR4 and MD2 in vitro. Genetic loss of MD2 inhibits heme-induced inflammation and MAPK/NF-κB pathway in mouse primary macrophages extracted from MD2-/- mice. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of MD2 by L6H9 ameliorates heme-induced inflammation in macrophages. These findings demonstrate that heme causes inflammation by directly binding to MD2/TLR4 complex, leading to activation of TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and production of downstream effectors of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Lin
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lijiang Huang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ding
- Department of pharmacy, the People' s Hospital of Beilun District , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315807, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Aleksandr V Samorodov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City 450005, Russia
| | - Valentin N Pavlov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City 450005, Russia
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311399, China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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19
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Gessner G, Jamili M, Tomczyk P, Menche D, Schönherr R, Hoshi T, Heinemann SH. Extracellular hemin is a reverse use-dependent gating modifier of cardiac voltage-gated Na + channels. Biol Chem 2022; 403:1067-1081. [PMID: 36038266 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heme (Fe2+-protoporphyrin IX) is a well-known protein prosthetic group; however, heme and hemin (Fe3+-protoporphyrin IX) are also increasingly viewed as signaling molecules. Among the signaling targets are numerous ion channels, with intracellular-facing heme-binding sites modulated by heme and hemin in the sub-µM range. Much less is known about extracellular hemin, which is expected to be more abundant, in particular after hemolytic insults. Here we show that the human cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel hNaV1.5 is potently inhibited by extracellular hemin (IC 50 ≈ 80 nM), while heme, dimethylhemin, and protoporphyrin IX are ineffective. Hemin is selective for hNaV1.5 channels: hNaV1.2, hNaV1.4, hNaV1.7, and hNaV1.8 are insensitive to 1 µM hemin. Using domain chimeras of hNaV1.5 and rat rNaV1.2, domain II was identified as the critical determinant. Mutation N803G in the domain II S3/S4 linker largely diminished the impact of hemin on the cardiac channel. This profile is reminiscent of the interaction of some peptide voltage-sensor toxins with NaV channels. In line with a mechanism of select gating modifiers, the impact of hemin on NaV1.5 channels is reversely use dependent, compatible with an interaction of hemin and the voltage sensor of domain II. Extracellular hemin thus has potential to modulate the cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gessner
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mahdi Jamili
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomczyk
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk Menche
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Roland Schönherr
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Toshinori Hoshi
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6085, USA
| | - Stefan H Heinemann
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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20
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Eriksson ANM, Rigaud C, Rokka A, Skaugen M, Lihavainen JH, Vehniäinen ER. Changes in cardiac proteome and metabolome following exposure to the PAHs retene and fluoranthene and their mixture in developing rainbow trout alevins. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154846. [PMID: 35351515 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is known to affect developing organisms. Utilization of different omics-based technologies and approaches could therefore provide a base for the discovery of novel mechanisms of PAH induced development of toxicity. To this aim, we investigated how exposure towards two PAHs with different toxicity mechanisms: retene (an aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (Ahr2) agonist), and fluoranthene (a weak Ahr2 agonist and cytochrome P450 inhibitor (Cyp1a)), either alone or as a mixture, affected the cardiac proteome and metabolome in newly hatched rainbow trout alevins (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In total, we identified 65 and 82 differently expressed proteins (DEPs) across all treatments compared to control (DMSO) after 7 and 14 days of exposure. Exposure to fluoranthene altered the expression of 11 and 19 proteins, retene 29 and 23, while the mixture affected 44 and 82 DEPs by Days 7 and 14, respectively. In contrast, only 5 significantly affected metabolites were identified. Pathway over-representation analysis identified exposure-specific activation of phase II metabolic processes, which were accompanied with exposure-specific body burden profiles. The proteomic data highlights that exposure to the mixture increased oxidative stress, altered iron metabolism and impaired coagulation capacity. Additionally, depletion of several mini-chromosome maintenance components, in combination with depletion of several intermediate filaments and microtubules, among alevins exposed to the mixture, suggests compromised cellular integrity and reduced rate of mitosis, whereby affecting heart growth and development. Furthermore, the combination of proteomic and metabolomic data indicates altered energy metabolism, as per amino acid catabolism among mixture exposed alevins; plausibly compensatory mechanisms as to counteract reduced absorption and consumption of yolk. When considered as a whole, proteomic and metabolomic data, in relation to apical effects on the whole organism, provides additional insight into PAH toxicity and the effects of exposure on heart structure and molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas N M Eriksson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Cyril Rigaud
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Anne Rokka
- Turku Proteomics Facility, Turku University, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Morten Skaugen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Campus Ås, Universitetstunet 3, 1430 Ås, Norway.
| | - Jenna H Lihavainen
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, KB. K3 (Fys. Bot.), Artedigränd 7, Fysiologisk botanik, UPSC, KB. K3 (B3.44.45) Umeå universitet, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Eeva-Riikka Vehniäinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland.
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21
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Endothelial Dysfunction in Acute Hepatic Porphyrias. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061303. [PMID: 35741113 PMCID: PMC9221615 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute hepatic porphyrias (AHPs) are a group of rare diseases caused by dysfunctions in the pathway of heme biosynthesis. Although acute neurovisceral attacks are the most dramatic manifestations, patients are at risk of developing long-term complications, several of which are of a vascular nature. The accumulation of non-porphyrin heme precursors is deemed to cause most clinical symptoms. Aim We measured the serum levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) to assess the presence of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with AHPs. Forty-six patients were classified, according to their clinical phenotype, as symptomatic (AP-SP), asymptomatic with biochemical alterations (AP-BA), and asymptomatic without biochemical alterations (AP-AC). Results Even excluding those under hemin treatment, AP-SP patients had the lowest NO and highest ET-1 levels, whereas no significant differences were found between AP-BA and AP-AC patients. AP-SP patients had significantly more often abnormal levels of ED markers. Patients with the highest heme precursor urinary levels had the greatest alterations in ED markers, although no significant correlation was detected. Conclusions ED is more closely related to the clinical phenotype of AHPs than to their classical biochemical alterations. Some still undefined disease modifiers may possibly determine the clinical picture of AHPs through an effect on endothelial functions.
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22
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Hemin-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Chronic Hemolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094763. [PMID: 35563154 PMCID: PMC9104708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease is an independent predictor of mortality, yet the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disease in chronic hemolytic disorders remains incompletely understood and treatment options are limited primarily to supportive care. The release of extracellular hemoglobin has been implicated in the development of pulmonary hypertension, and in this study we explored the direct effects of hemin, the oxidized moiety of heme, on the pulmonary artery endothelium. We found that low dose hemin exposure leads to significantly increased endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and cytokine release as markers of endothelial dysfunction. Protein expression changes in our pulmonary artery endothelial cells showed upregulation of mesenchymal markers after hemin treatment in conjunction with a decrease in endothelial markers. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) resulting from hemin exposure was further confirmed by showing upregulation of the transcription factors SNAI1 and SLUG, known to regulate EndoMT. Lastly, given the endothelial dysfunction and phenotypic transition observed, the endothelial cytoskeleton was considered a potential novel target. Inhibiting myosin light chain kinase, to prevent phosphorylation of myosin light chain and cytoskeletal contraction, attenuated hemin-induced endothelial hyper-proliferation, migration, and cytokine release. The findings in this study implicate hemin as a key inducer of endothelial dysfunction through EndoMT, which may play an important role in pulmonary vascular remodeling during the development of pulmonary hypertension in chronic hemolytic states.
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23
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Fan X, Zhang X, Liu LC, Kim AY, Curley SP, Chen X, Dworkin LD, Cooper CJ, Gupta R. Interleukin-10 attenuates renal injury after myocardial infarction in diabetes. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1233-1242. [PMID: 35140126 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after myocardial infarction (MI) and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. AKI after MI occurs more frequently in patients with diabetes, however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, and specific treatments are lacking. Using the murine MI model, we show that diabetic mice had higher expression of the kidney injury marker, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), 3 days after MI compared with control mice. This higher expression of NGAL was still significant after controlling for differences in myocardial infarct size between diabetic and control mice. Prior data demonstrate increased cell-free hemoglobin after MI in diabetic mice. Therefore, we investigated heme clearance components, including heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and CD163, in the kidneys and found that both HO-1 and CD163 were dysregulated in diabetic mice pre-MI and post-MI. Significantly higher levels of urine iron were also observed in diabetic mice compared with control mice after MI. Next, the renal protective effect of interleukin 10 (IL-10) after MI was tested in diabetic MI. IL-10 treatment demonstrated multiple protective effects after diabetic MI including reduction in acute renal inflammation, upregulation of renal heme clearance pathways, attenuation of chronic renal fibrosis, and reduction in albuminuria after diabetic MI. In vitro, IL-10 potentiated hemoglobin-induced HO-1 expression in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and renal proximal tubule (HK-2) cells. Furthermore, IL-10 reduced hemoglobin-induced reactive oxygen species in HK-2 cells and collagen synthesis in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. We conclude that impaired renal heme clearance pathways in diabetes contribute to AKI after MI, and IL-10 attenuates renal injury after diabetic MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Lijun C Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Annes Y Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Sean P Curley
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Lance D Dworkin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher J Cooper
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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24
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Wang X, Meng X, Meng L, Guo Y, Li Y, Yang C, Pei Z, Li J, Wang F. Joint efficacy of the three biomarkers SNCA, GYPB and HBG1 for atrial fibrillation and stroke: Analysis via the support vector machine neural network. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2010-2022. [PMID: 35138035 PMCID: PMC8980947 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of persistent arrhythmia. Although its incidence has been increasing, the pathogenesis of AF in stroke remains unclear. In this study, a total of 30 participants were recruited, including 10 controls, 10 patients with AF and 10 patients with AF and stroke (AF + STROKE). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional annotation of DEGs, comparative toxicogenomic database analysis associated with cardiovascular diseases, and predictions of miRNAs of hub genes were performed. Using RT‐qPCR, biological process and support vector machine neural networks, numerous DEGs were found to be related to AF. HBG1, SNCA and GYPB were found to be upregulated in the AF group. Higher expression of hub genes in AF and AF + STROKE groups was detected via RT‐PCR. Upon training the biological process neural network of SNCA and GYPB for HBG1, only small differences were detected. Based on the support vector machine, the predicted value of SNCA and GYPB for HBG1 was 0.9893. Expression of the hub genes of HBG1, SNCA and GYPB might therefore be significantly correlated to AF. These genes are involved in the incidence of AF complicated by stroke, and may serve as targets for early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyang Meng
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingbing Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zuowei Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahan Li
- The First Mobile Corps of People's Armed Police, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Prion Protein Phase Separation in Cancer Multidrug Resistance. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030705. [PMID: 35163973 PMCID: PMC8839844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The unique ability to adapt and thrive in inhospitable, stressful tumor microenvironments (TME) also renders cancer cells resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic treatments and/or novel pharmaceuticals. Cancer cells exhibit extensive metabolic alterations involving hypoxia, accelerated glycolysis, oxidative stress, and increased extracellular ATP that may activate ancient, conserved prion adaptive response strategies that exacerbate multidrug resistance (MDR) by exploiting cellular stress to increase cancer metastatic potential and stemness, balance proliferation and differentiation, and amplify resistance to apoptosis. The regulation of prions in MDR is further complicated by important, putative physiological functions of ligand-binding and signal transduction. Melatonin is capable of both enhancing physiological functions and inhibiting oncogenic properties of prion proteins. Through regulation of phase separation of the prion N-terminal domain which targets and interacts with lipid rafts, melatonin may prevent conformational changes that can result in aggregation and/or conversion to pathological, infectious isoforms. As a cancer therapy adjuvant, melatonin could modulate TME oxidative stress levels and hypoxia, reverse pH gradient changes, reduce lipid peroxidation, and protect lipid raft compositions to suppress prion-mediated, non-Mendelian, heritable, but often reversible epigenetic adaptations that facilitate cancer heterogeneity, stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review examines some of the mechanisms that may balance physiological and pathological effects of prions and prion-like proteins achieved through the synergistic use of melatonin to ameliorate MDR, which remains a challenge in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (R.J.R.)
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (R.J.R.)
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26
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Guo Y, Zhao H, Lin Z, Ye T, Xu D, Zeng Q. Heme in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Ubiquitous Dangerous Molecule Worthy of Vigilance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:781839. [PMID: 35127704 PMCID: PMC8807526 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.781839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme, the protoporphyrin IX iron complex is widely present in the human body and it is involved in oxygen storage, electron transfer, and enzymatic reactions. However, free heme can be toxic as it catalyzes the production of reactive oxygen species, oxidizes lipids and proteins, and causes DNA damage, thereby inducing a pro-inflammatory environment. The generation, metabolism, and degradation of heme in the human body are regulated by precise mechanisms to ensure that heme remains non-toxic. However, in several types of cardiovascular diseases, impaired metabolism and exposure to heme may occur in pathological processes, including neovascularization, internal hemorrhage, ischemia, and reperfusion. Based on years of research, in this review, we aimed to summarize the underlying mechanisms by which heme contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases through oxidative stress, relative pathway gene expression regulation and phenotypic changes in cells. Excess heme plays a detrimental role in atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, degenerative aortic valve stenosis, cardiac iron overload. Recent researches revealed that in some cases heme involved in cardiac damage though ferroptosis. Thus, heme concentrations beyond normal levels are dangerous. Further research on the role of heme in cardiovascular diseases is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Taochun Ye
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingchun Zeng, ; Dingli Xu,
| | - Qingchun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingchun Zeng, ; Dingli Xu,
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27
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Sarkar AR, Pal S, Sarkar AK, Jana NR. Hemin-based cell therapy via nanoparticle-assisted uptake, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and autophagy induction. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02966a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A hemin-based colloidal nanoparticle is designed that offers an iron-based Fenton reaction inside the cell and induces cellular autophagy via oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Raihan Sarkar
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Suman Pal
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Ankan Kumar Sarkar
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Nikhil R. Jana
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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28
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Tupta B, Stuehr E, Sumi MP, Sweeny EA, Smith B, Stuehr DJ, Ghosh A. GAPDH is involved in the heme-maturation of myoglobin and hemoglobin. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22099. [PMID: 34972240 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101237rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
GAPDH, a heme chaperone, has been previously implicated in the incorporation of heme into iNOS and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). Since sGC is critical for myoglobin (Mb) heme-maturation, we investigated the role of GAPDH in the maturation of this globin, as well as hemoglobins α, β, and γ. Utilizing cell culture systems, we found that overexpression of wild-type GAPDH increased, whereas GAPDH mutants H53A and K227A decreased, the heme content of Mb and Hbα and Hbβ. Overexpression of wild-type GAPDH fully recovered the heme-maturation inhibition observed with the GAPDH mutants. Partial rescue was observed by overexpression of sGCβ1 but not by overexpression of a sGCΔβ1 deletion mutant, which is unable to bind the sGCα1 subunit required to form the active sGCα1β1 complex. Wild type and mutant GAPDH was found to be associated in a complex with each of the globins and Hsp90. GAPDH at endogenous levels was found to be associated with Mb in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts, and with Hbγ or Hbα in differentiating HiDEP-1 erythroid progenitor cells. Knockdown of GAPDH in C2C12 cells suppressed Mb heme-maturation. GAPDH knockdown in K562 erythroleukemia cells suppressed Hbα and Hbγ heme-maturation as well as Hb dimerization. Globin heme incorporation was not only dependent on elevated sGCα1β1 heterodimer formation, but also influenced by iron provision and magnitude of expression of GAPDH, d-aminolevulinic acid, and FLVCR1b. Together, our data support an important role for GAPDH in the maturation of myoglobin and γ, β, and α hemoglobins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair Tupta
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric Stuehr
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mamta P Sumi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Sweeny
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brandon Smith
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dennis J Stuehr
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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29
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Wang T, Ashrafi A, Modareszadeh P, Deese AR, Chacon Castro MDC, Alemi PS, Zhang L. An Analysis of the Multifaceted Roles of Heme in the Pathogenesis of Cancer and Related Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4142. [PMID: 34439295 PMCID: PMC8393563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is an essential prosthetic group in proteins and enzymes involved in oxygen utilization and metabolism. Heme also plays versatile and fascinating roles in regulating fundamental biological processes, ranging from aerobic respiration to drug metabolism. Increasing experimental and epidemiological data have shown that altered heme homeostasis accelerates the development and progression of common diseases, including various cancers, diabetes, vascular diseases, and Alzheimer's disease. The effects of heme on the pathogenesis of these diseases may be mediated via its action on various cellular signaling and regulatory proteins, as well as its function in cellular bioenergetics, specifically, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Elevated heme levels in cancer cells intensify OXPHOS, leading to higher ATP generation and fueling tumorigenic functions. In contrast, lowered heme levels in neurons may reduce OXPHOS, leading to defects in bioenergetics and causing neurological deficits. Further, heme has been shown to modulate the activities of diverse cellular proteins influencing disease pathogenesis. These include BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1), tumor suppressor P53 protein, progesterone receptor membrane component 1 protein (PGRMC1), cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and nitric oxide synthases (NOS). This review provides an in-depth analysis of heme function in influencing diverse molecular and cellular processes germane to disease pathogenesis and the modes by which heme modulates the activities of cellular proteins involved in the development of cancer and other common diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.W.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (A.R.D.); (M.D.C.C.C.); (P.S.A.)
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30
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Dedić D, Dorniak A, Rinner U, Schöfberger W. Recent Progress in (Photo-)-Electrochemical Conversion of CO 2 With Metal Porphyrinoid-Systems. Front Chem 2021; 9:685619. [PMID: 34336786 PMCID: PMC8323756 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.685619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since decades, the global community has been facing an environmental crisis, resulting in the need to switch from outdated to new, more efficient energy sources and a more effective way of tackling the rising carbon dioxide emissions. The activation of small molecules such as O2, H+, and CO2 in a cost—and energy-efficient way has become one of the key topics of catalysis research. The main issue concerning the activation of these molecules is the kinetic barrier that has to be overcome in order for the catalyzed reaction to take place. Nature has already provided many pathways in which small molecules are being activated and changed into compounds with higher energy levels. One of the most famous examples would be photosynthesis in which CO2 is transformed into glucose and O2 through sunlight, thus turning solar energy into chemical energy. For these transformations nature mostly uses enzymes that function as catalysts among which porphyrin and porphyrin-like structures can be found. Therefore, the research focus lies on the design of novel porphyrinoid systems (e.g. corroles, porphyrins and phthalocyanines) whose metal complexes can be used for the direct electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to valuable chemicals like carbon monoxide, formate, methanol, ethanol, methane, ethylene, or acetate. For example the cobalt(III)triphenylphosphine corrole complex has been used as a catalyst for the electroreduction of CO2 to ethanol and methanol. The overall goal and emphasis of this research area is to develop a method for industrial use, raising the question of whether and how to incorporate the catalyst onto supportive materials. Graphene oxide, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon black, and activated carbon, to name a few examples, have become researched options. These materials also have a beneficial effect on the catalysis through for instance preventing rival reactions such as the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) during CO2 reduction. It is very apparent that the topic of small molecule activation offers many solutions for our current energy as well as environmental crises and is becoming a thoroughly investigated research objective. This review article aims to give an overview over recently gained knowledge and should provide a glimpse into upcoming challenges relating to this subject matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dženeta Dedić
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.,IMC Fachhochschule Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Adrian Dorniak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Uwe Rinner
- IMC Fachhochschule Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
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31
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Zhu L, Wang L, Fan X, Dong C, Wang G, Wang Z. Chronic exposure to Bisphenol A resulted in alterations of reproductive functions via immune defense, oxidative damage and disruption DNA/histone methylation in male rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105849. [PMID: 34010735 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used chemical that represents a reproductive hazard in fish. However, the molecular pathways mediating reproductive toxicity under chronic BPA exposure remain unclear. To study the reproductive hazards associated with chronic BPA exposure, adult male rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) were treated with 15 μg L - 1 and 225 μg L - 1 BPA for 90 days. Results showed that chronic BPA treatment induced reproductive impairments with decreased fertilization capacity and movement time of sperm. Transcriptome analysis indicated 1421 transcripts that were differentially expressed in response to BPA exposure, which are involved in the biological process of oxidative stress, immune responses and DNA/histone methylation. BPA caused the oxidative stress via significantly increasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels and inhibiting the activities of antioxidant-related enzymes (Catalase, CAT). BPA caused an inflammatory response in the testes by significantly increasing IL-1β levels and inducing infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover, exposure to 15 μg L - 1 BPA significantly decreased the genomic DNA methylation level. These data revealed that chronic BPA exposure had adverse effects on male reproduction. Oxidative stress, inflammatory response and DNA/histone methylation might account for the decreased sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Lihong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Xiaoteng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Chenglong Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China..
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China..
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Al Abdulmonem W, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Mousa AHM, Rasheed Z. Protective Potential of Uric Acid, Folic Acid, Glutathione and Ascorbic Acid Against the Formation of Toxic Met-Myoglobin. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:282-289. [PMID: 32957872 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200921165312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myoglobin is an oxygen binding protein and its dysfunction has been associated with the pathology of several human disorders. This study was undertaken to investigation the role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the formation of met-myoglobin and the protective potential of four different reductants such as uric acid, folic acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid were also tested against met-myoglobin formation. METHODS Human myoglobin was treated with H2O2 in-vitro in order to prepare met-myoglobin. The generation of met-myoglobin was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and its stability was analysed by the treatment of human myoglobin with H2O2 at varying pH or time. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the oxidatively modified heme products in met-myoglobin. Spectroscopic analysis was used to identify the protective potential of uric acid, folic acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid against the formation of met-myoglobin. RESULTS The novel data of this study showed that H2O2 induced extensive damage of myoglobin but the treatment with uric acid, folic acid, glutathione or ascorbic acid provides protection of myoglobin against H2O2 induced oxidative damaged. The study apparently proved the protective potential of all these compounds against the toxicity produced by H2O2. CONCLUSION This is the first study that shows uric acid, folic acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid provide protection against the generation of toxic met-myoglobin and might be used therapeutically to modify the blood conditions in order to prevent the progression of human disorders associated with myoglobin dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira H M Mousa
- Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Medical College, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Fakih TM, Kurniawan F, Yusuf M, Mudasir M, Tjahjono DH. Molecular Dynamics of Cobalt Protoporphyrin Antagonism of the Cancer Suppressor REV-ERBβ. Molecules 2021; 26:3251. [PMID: 34071361 PMCID: PMC8198987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor REV-ERBβ is an overexpressed oncoprotein that has been used as a target for cancer treatment. The metal-complex nature of its ligand, iron protoporphyrin IX (Heme), enables the REV-ERBβ to be used for multiple therapeutic modalities as a photonuclease, a photosensitizer, or a fluorescence imaging agent. The replacement of iron with cobalt as the metal center of protoporphyrin IX changes the ligand from an agonist to an antagonist of REV-ERBβ. The mechanism behind that phenomenon is still unclear, despite the availability of crystal structures of REV-ERBβ in complex with Heme and cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP). This study used molecular dynamic simulations to compare the effects of REV-ERBβ binding to Heme and CoPP, respectively. The initial poses of Heme and CoPP in complex with agonist and antagonist forms of REV-ERBβ were predicted using molecular docking. The binding energies of each ligand were calculated using the MM/PBSA method. The computed binding affinity of Heme to REV-ERBβ was stronger than that of CoPP, in agreement with experimental results. CoPP altered the conformation of the ligand-binding site of REV-ERBβ, disrupting the binding site for nuclear receptor corepressor, which is required for REV-ERBβ to regulate the transcription of downstream target genes. Those results suggest that a subtle change in the metal center of porphyrin can change the behavior of porphyrin in cancer cell signaling. Therefore, modification of porphyrin-based agents for cancer therapy should be conducted carefully to avoid triggering unfavorable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufik Muhammad Fakih
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40135, Indonesia; (T.M.F.); (F.K.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Bandung, Jalan Rangga Gading 8, Bandung 40116, Indonesia
| | - Fransiska Kurniawan
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40135, Indonesia; (T.M.F.); (F.K.)
| | - Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Mudasir Mudasir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara BLS 21, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Daryono Hadi Tjahjono
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40135, Indonesia; (T.M.F.); (F.K.)
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Pettway YD, Neder TH, Ho DH, Fox BM, Burch M, Colson J, Liu X, Kellum CE, Hyndman KA, Pollock JS. Early life stress induces dysregulation of the heme pathway in adult mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14844. [PMID: 34042301 PMCID: PMC8157772 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood, but the underlying vascular mechanisms are poorly understood. Increased hemoglobin and heme have recently been implicated to mediate endothelial dysfunction in several vascular diseases. Chronic physiological stress is associated with alterations in the heme pathway that have been well-described in the literature. However, very little is known about the heme pathway with exposure to ELS or chronic psychosocial stress. Utilizing a mouse model of ELS, maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW), we previously reported that MSEW induces endothelial dysfunction via increased superoxide production. We reasoned that heme dysregulation may be one of the culprits induced by MSEW and sustained throughout adulthood; thus, we hypothesized that MSEW induces heme dysfunction. We investigated whether circulating levels of heme, a circulating pro-oxidant mediator, are increased by MSEW and examined the role of the heme metabolic pathway and heme homeostasis in this process. We found that circulating levels of heme are increased in mice exposed to MSEW and that plasma from MSEW mice stimulated higher superoxide production in cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) compared to plasma from normally reared mice. The heme scavenger hemopexin blunted this enhanced superoxide production. Splenic haptoglobin abundance was significantly lower and hemoglobin levels per red blood cell were significantly higher in MSEW versus control mice. These findings lead us to propose that ELS induces increased circulating heme through dysregulation of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin system representing a mechanistic link between ELS and CVD risk in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasminye D Pettway
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Thomas H Neder
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Dao H Ho
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brandon M Fox
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mariah Burch
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jackson Colson
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cailin E Kellum
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kelly A Hyndman
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Abstract
In addition to heme's role as the prosthetic group buried inside many different proteins that are ubiquitous in biology, there is new evidence that heme has substantive roles in cellular signaling and regulation. This means that heme must be available in locations distant from its place of synthesis (mitochondria) in response to transient cellular demands. A longstanding question has been to establish the mechanisms that control the supply and demand for cellular heme. By fusing a monomeric heme-binding peroxidase (ascorbate peroxidase, mAPX) to a monomeric form of green-fluorescent protein (mEGFP), we have developed a heme sensor (mAPXmEGFP) that can respond to heme availability. By means of fluorescence lifetime imaging, this heme sensor can be used to quantify heme concentrations; values of the mean fluorescence lifetime (τMean) for mAPX-mEGFP are shown to be responsive to changes in free (unbound) heme concentration in cells. The results demonstrate that concentrations are typically limited to one molecule or less within cellular compartments. These miniscule amounts of free heme are consistent with a system that sequesters the heme and is able to buffer changes in heme availability while retaining the capability to mobilize heme when and where it is needed. We propose that this exchangeable supply of heme can operate using mechanisms for heme transfer that are analogous to classical ligand-exchange mechanisms. This exquisite control, in which heme is made available for transfer one molecule at a time, protects the cell against the toxic effect of excess heme and offers a simple mechanism for heme-dependent regulation in single-molecule steps.
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Hisamatsu Y, Otani K, Takase H, Umezawa N, Higuchi T. Fluorescence Response and Self-Assembly of a Tweezer-Type Synthetic Receptor Triggered by Complexation with Heme and Its Catabolites. Chemistry 2021; 27:6489-6499. [PMID: 33026121 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the development and applications of synthetic receptors that recognize target biomolecules in aqueous media. We have developed a new tweezer-type synthetic receptor that gives a significant fluorescence response upon complexation with heme in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The synthetic receptor consists of a tweezer-type heme recognition site and sulfo-Cy5 as a hydrophilic fluorophore. The receptor-heme complex exhibits a supramolecular amphiphilic character that facilitates the formation of self-assembled aggregates, and both the tweezer moiety and the sulfo-Cy5 moiety are important for this property. The synthetic receptor also exhibits significant fluorescence responses to biliverdin and bilirubin, but shows very weak fluorescence responses to flavin mononucleotide, folic acid, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which contain smaller π-scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hisamatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Koki Otani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Naoki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
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"Turn-off" sensing probe based on fluorescent gold nanoclusters for the sensitive detection of hemin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1639-1649. [PMID: 33483839 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Balanced level of hemin in the body is fundamentally important for normal human organ function. Therefore, environmentally benign, stable, and fluorescent metal nanoclusters (NCs) for selective and sensitive detection of hemin have been investigated and reported. Herein, highly orange red emissive gold NCs are successfully synthesized using glutathione as a reducing and stabilizing agent (GSH-Au NCs). The clusters are characterized using various techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrometer. The fluorescence intensity of as-synthesized Au NCs strongly quenched upon addition of different concentrations of hemin. The decrease in fluorescence intensity of GSH-Au NCs has been applied for determination of hemin concentration in the linear range from 1 to 25 nM with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.43 nM. The method was also successfully applied for quantification of hemin in human serum sample. In view of this reality, the system can be considered as a possible strategy and excellent platform for determination of hemin in various areas of application.
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Hopp MT, Imhof D. Linking Labile Heme with Thrombosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:427. [PMID: 33499296 PMCID: PMC7865584 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. As such, it also occurs as one of the major complications in hemolytic diseases, like hemolytic uremic syndrome, hemorrhage and sickle cell disease. Under these conditions, red blood cell lysis finally leads to the release of large amounts of labile heme into the vascular compartment. This, in turn, can trigger oxidative stress and proinflammatory reactions. Moreover, the heme-induced activation of the blood coagulation system was suggested as a mechanism for the initiation of thrombotic events under hemolytic conditions. Studies of heme infusion and subsequent thrombotic reactions support this assumption. Furthermore, several direct effects of heme on different cellular and protein components of the blood coagulation system were reported. However, these effects are controversially discussed or not yet fully understood. This review summarizes the existing reports on heme and its interference in coagulation processes, emphasizing the relevance of considering heme in the context of the treatment of thrombosis in patients with hemolytic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Imhof
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany;
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Proximity Ligation Assay Detection of Protein-DNA Interactions-Is There a Link between Heme Oxygenase-1 and G-quadruplexes? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010094. [PMID: 33445471 PMCID: PMC7827836 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4) are stacked nucleic acid structures that are stabilized by heme. In cells, they affect DNA replication and gene transcription. They are unwound by several helicases but the composition of the repair complex and its heme sensitivity are unclear. We found that the accumulation of G-quadruplexes is affected by heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1) expression, but in a cell-type-specific manner: hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from Hmox1−/− mice have upregulated expressions of G4-unwinding helicases (e.g., Brip1, Pif1) and show weaker staining for G-quadruplexes, whereas Hmox1-deficient murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), despite the upregulation of helicases, have more G-quadruplexes, especially after exposure to exogenous heme. Using iPSCs expressing only nuclear or only cytoplasmic forms of Hmox1, we found that nuclear localization promotes G4 removal. We demonstrated that the proximity ligation assay (PLA) can detect cellular co-localization of G-quadruplexes with helicases, as well as with HMOX1, suggesting the potential role of HMOX1 in G4 modifications. However, this colocalization does not mean a direct interaction was detectable using the immunoprecipitation assay. Therefore, we concluded that HMOX1 influences G4 accumulation, but rather as one of the proteins regulating the heme availability, not as a rate-limiting factor. It is noteworthy that cellular G4–protein colocalizations can be quantitatively analyzed using PLA, even in rare cells.
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Liu L, Dumbrepatil AB, Fleischhacker AS, Marsh ENG, Ragsdale SW. Heme oxygenase-2 is post-translationally regulated by heme occupancy in the catalytic site. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:17227-17240. [PMID: 33051205 PMCID: PMC7863905 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-2 (HO2) and -1 (HO1) catalyze heme degradation to biliverdin, CO, and iron, forming an essential link in the heme metabolism network. Tight regulation of the cellular levels and catalytic activities of HO1 and HO2 is important for maintaining heme homeostasis. HO1 expression is transcriptionally regulated; however, HO2 expression is constitutive. How the cellular levels and activity of HO2 are regulated remains unclear. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of post-translational regulation of cellular HO2 levels by heme. We find that, under heme-deficient conditions, HO2 is destabilized and targeted for degradation, suggesting that heme plays a direct role in HO2 regulation. HO2 has three heme binding sites: one at its catalytic site and the others at its two heme regulatory motifs (HRMs). We report that, in contrast to other HRM-containing proteins, the cellular protein level and degradation rate of HO2 are independent of heme binding to the HRMs. Rather, under heme deficiency, loss of heme binding to the catalytic site destabilizes HO2. Consistently, an HO2 catalytic site variant that is unable to bind heme exhibits a constant low protein level and an enhanced protein degradation rate compared with the WT HO2. Finally, HO2 is degraded by the lysosome through chaperone-mediated autophagy, distinct from other HRM-containing proteins and HO1, which are degraded by the proteasome. These results reveal a novel aspect of HO2 regulation and deepen our understanding of HO2's role in maintaining heme homeostasis, paving the way for future investigation into HO2's pathophysiological role in heme deficiency response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Arti B Dumbrepatil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - E Neil G Marsh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen W Ragsdale
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Martinez M, Fendley GA, Saxberg AD, Zoghbi ME. Stimulation of the human mitochondrial transporter ABCB10 by zinc-mesoporphrin. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238754. [PMID: 33253225 PMCID: PMC7703921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme biosynthesis occurs through a series of reactions that take place within the cytoplasm and mitochondria, so intermediates need to move across these cellular compartments. However, the specific membrane transport mechanisms involved in the process are not yet identified. The ATP-binding cassette protein ABCB10 is essential for normal heme production, as knocking down this transporter in mice is embryonically lethal and accompanied by severe anemia plus oxidative damage. The role of ABCB10 is unknown, but given its location in the inner mitochondrial membrane, it has been proposed as a candidate to export either an early heme precursor or heme. Alternatively, ABCB10 might transport a molecule important for protection against oxidative damage. To help discern between these possibilities, we decided to study the effect of heme analogs, precursors, and antioxidant peptides on purified human ABCB10. Since substrate binding increases the ATP hydrolysis rate of ABC transporters, we have determined the ability of these molecules to activate purified ABCB10 reconstituted in lipid nanodiscs using ATPase measurements. Under our experimental conditions, we found that the only heme analog increasing ABCB10 ATPase activity was Zinc-mesoporphyrin. This activation of almost seventy percent was specific for ABCB10, as the ATPase activity of a negative control bacterial ABC transporter was not affected. The activation was also observed in cysteine-less ABCB10, suggesting that Zinc-mesoporphyrin's effect did not require binding to typical heme regulatory motifs. Furthermore, our data indicate that ABCB10 was not directly activated by neither the early heme precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid nor glutathione, downsizing their relevance as putative substrates for this transporter. Although additional studies are needed to determine the physiological substrate of ABCB10, our findings reveal Zinc-mesoporphyrin as the first tool compound to directly modulate ABCB10 activity and raise the possibility that some actions of Zinc-mesoporphyrin in cellular and animal studies could be mediated by ABCB10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Martinez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Fendley
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Alexandra D. Saxberg
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Maria E. Zoghbi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
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Carr JF, Garcia D, Scaffa A, Peterson AL, Ghio AJ, Dennery PA. Heme Oxygenase-1 Supports Mitochondrial Energy Production and Electron Transport Chain Activity in Cultured Lung Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186941. [PMID: 32971746 PMCID: PMC7554745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 is induced by many cellular stressors and catalyzes the breakdown of heme to generate carbon monoxide and bilirubin, which confer cytoprotection. The role of HO-1 likely extends beyond the simple production of antioxidants, for example HO-1 activity has also been implicated in metabolism, but this function remains unclear. Here we used an HO-1 knockout lung cell line to further define the contribution of HO-1 to cellular metabolism. We found that knockout cells exhibit reduced growth and mitochondrial respiration, measured by oxygen consumption rate. Specifically, we found that HO-1 contributed to electron transport chain activity and utilization of certain mitochondrial fuels. Loss of HO-1 had no effect on intracellular non-heme iron concentration or on proteins whose levels and activities depend on available iron. We show that HO-1 supports essential functions of mitochondria, which highlights the protective effects of HO-1 in diverse pathologies and tissue types. Our results suggest that regulation of heme may be an equally significant role of HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer F. Carr
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA; (J.F.C.); (A.L.P.)
| | - David Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA;
| | - Alejandro Scaffa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA;
| | - Abigail L. Peterson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA; (J.F.C.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Andrew J. Ghio
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Phyllis A. Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA; (J.F.C.); (A.L.P.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-444-5648
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Gupta R, Liu L, Zhang X, Fan X, Krishnamurthy P, Verma S, Tongers J, Misener S, Ashcherkin N, Sun H, Tian J, Kishore R. IL-10 provides cardioprotection in diabetic myocardial infarction via upregulation of Heme clearance pathways. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133050. [PMID: 32879134 PMCID: PMC7526458 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, and outcomes after myocardial infarction are worse among diabetics compared with nondiabetics. Diabetes is associated with impaired Heme clearance. Here, we determined whether heme toxicity and impaired heme clearance contribute to diabetic myocardial infarction injury and assessed IL-10 as a therapeutic agent for diabetic myocardial infarction. Plasma-free hemoglobin was significantly elevated in diabetic mice compared with nondiabetic mice after myocardial infarction. Infarct size had strong correlation to the level of plasma-free hemoglobin. Hemoglobin and reactive iron deposition within the infarct zone were also demonstrated in diabetic MI. IL-10 significantly reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function in diabetic mice. Moreover, IL-10 improved capillary density, reduced apoptosis, and decreased inflammation in the border zone of the infarcted hearts, findings that were partially inhibited by Tin protoporphyrin (a heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor). IL-10 upregulated CD163, the hemoglobin:haptoglobin scavenger receptor, and heme oxygenase-1 in THP-1-derived and primary human CD14+ macrophages. IL-10 significantly protected against ischemic injury when HL-1 cardiomyocytes were cotreated with hemoglobin. Together, our findings indicate that IL-10 is cardioprotective in diabetic myocardial infarction via upregulation of heme clearance pathways. These findings implicate heme clearance as a potentially novel therapeutic direction for diabetic myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Gupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lijun Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and
| | - Suresh Verma
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jörn Tongers
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sol Misener
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikita Ashcherkin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Hongliu Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiang Tian
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Drak Alsibai K. Detection of Hemosiderin-Laden Macrophages in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of COVID-19 Patients: Is Perls Stain a Potential Indicator of Oxidative Alveolar Damage? Acta Cytol 2020; 64:617-619. [PMID: 32506059 PMCID: PMC7316652 DOI: 10.1159/000508020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kinan Drak Alsibai
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Cytology, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana,
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46
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Hemmati-Dinarvand M, saedi S, Valilo M, Kalantary-Charvadeh A, Alizadeh Sani M, Kargar R, Safari H, Samadi N. Oxidative stress and Parkinson’s disease: conflict of oxidant-antioxidant systems. Neurosci Lett 2019; 709:134296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Chen HY. Why the Reactive Oxygen Species of the Fenton Reaction Switches from Oxoiron(IV) Species to Hydroxyl Radical in Phosphate Buffer Solutions? A Computational Rationale. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:14105-14113. [PMID: 31497730 PMCID: PMC6714542 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the aqueous reaction of Fe(II) and H2O2 (i.e., the Fenton reaction) are high-valent oxoiron(IV) species, whereas the hydroxyl radical plays a role only in very acidic conditions. Nevertheless, when the Fenton reaction is conducted in phosphate buffer solutions, the resulting ROS turns into hydroxyl radical even in neutral pH conditions. The present density functional theory (DFT) study discloses the underlying principle for this phenomenon. Static and dynamic DFT calculations indicate that in phosphate buffer solutions, the iron ion is highly coordinated by phosphoric acid anions. Such a coordination environment substantially raises the pK a of coordinated water on Fe(III). As a consequence, the Fe(III)-OH intermediate, resulting from the reductive decomposition of H2O2 by ferrous ion is relatively unstable and will be readily protonated by phosphoric acid ligand or by free proton in solution. These proton-transfer reactions, which become energetically favorable when the number of phosphate coordination goes up to three, prevent the Fe(III)-OH from hydrogen abstraction by nascent •OH to form Fe(IV)=O species. On the basis of this finding, a ligand design strategy toward controlling the nature of ROS produced in the Fenton reaction is put forth. In addition, it is found that while phosphate buffers facilitate •OH radical generation in the Fenton reaction, phosphoric acid anions can act as •OH radical scavengers through hydrogen atom transfer reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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48
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Chasapis CT, Makridakis M, Damdimopoulos AE, Zoidakis J, Lygirou V, Mavroidis M, Vlahou A, Miranda-Vizuete A, Spyrou G, Vlamis-Gardikas A. Implications of the mitochondrial interactome of mammalian thioredoxin 2 for normal cellular function and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 137:59-73. [PMID: 31018154 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple thioredoxin isoforms exist in all living cells. To explore the possible functions of mammalian mitochondrial thioredoxin 2 (Trx2), an interactome of mouse Trx2 was initially created using (i) a monothiol mouse Trx2 species for capturing protein partners from different organs and (ii) yeast two hybrid screens on human liver and rat brain cDNA libraries. The resulting interactome consisted of 195 proteins (Trx2 included) plus the mitochondrial 16S RNA. 48 of these proteins were classified as mitochondrial (MitoCarta2.0 human inventory). In a second step, the mouse interactome was combined with the current four-membered mitochondrial sub-network of human Trx2 (BioGRID) to give a 53-membered human Trx2 mitochondrial interactome (52 interactor proteins plus the mitochondrial 16S RNA). Although thioredoxins are thiol-employing disulfide oxidoreductases, approximately half of the detected interactions were not due to covalent disulfide bonds. This finding reinstates the extended role of thioredoxins as moderators of protein function by specific non-covalent, protein-protein interactions. Analysis of the mitochondrial interactome suggested that human Trx2 was involved potentially in mitochondrial integrity, formation of iron sulfur clusters, detoxification of aldehydes, mitoribosome assembly and protein synthesis, protein folding, ADP ribosylation, amino acid and lipid metabolism, glycolysis, the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain. The oxidoreductase functions of Trx2 were verified by its detected interactions with mitochondrial peroxiredoxins and methionine sulfoxide reductase. Parkinson's disease, triosephosphate isomerase deficiency, combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, and lactate dehydrogenase b deficiency are some of the diseases where the proposed mitochondrial network of Trx2 may be implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos T Chasapis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH), Platani 26504, Greece
| | | | - Anastassios E Damdimopoulos
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine (CIMED), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Mavroidis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Antonio Miranda-Vizuete
- Redox Homeostasis Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Giannis Spyrou
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Linköping University, S-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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49
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Newton LD, Pascu SI, Tyrrell RM, Eggleston IM. Development of a peptide-based fluorescent probe for biological heme monitoring. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:467-471. [PMID: 30574967 PMCID: PMC6350759 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Heme plays a vital role in cell biology and dysregulation of heme levels is implicated in a wide range of diseases. However, monitoring heme levels in biological systems is currently not straightforward. A short synthetic peptide probe containing 7-azatryptophan is shown to bind hemin in vitro with quenching of the azatryptophan fluorescence. This chemical tool can be used to detect the change in free heme induced in human skin cells upon exposure to UVA irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D. Newton
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
.
| | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department of Chemistry
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
| | - Rex M. Tyrrell
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
.
| | - Ian M. Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
.
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50
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Yun S, Kwon N, Kim S, Jeong D, Ohta T, Cho J. Reactivity difference in the oxidative nucleophilic reaction of peroxonickel(iii) intermediates with open-chain and macrocyclic systems. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00465c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The open-chain peroxonickel(iii) intermediate is much more reactive than the macrocyclic analogue in aldehyde deformylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonggeun Yun
- Department of Emerging Materials Science
- DGIST
- Daegu 42988
- Korea
| | - Nam Kwon
- Department of Emerging Materials Science
- DGIST
- Daegu 42988
- Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- Department of Emerging Materials Science
- DGIST
- Daegu 42988
- Korea
| | - Donghyun Jeong
- Department of Emerging Materials Science
- DGIST
- Daegu 42988
- Korea
| | - Takehiro Ohta
- Picobiology Institute
- Graduate School of Life Science
- University of Hyogo
- Hyogo 678-1297
- Japan
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department of Emerging Materials Science
- DGIST
- Daegu 42988
- Korea
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