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Kubozono T. QKD interval as a noninvasive method for evaluation of atherosclerosis. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01879-1. [PMID: 39261707 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Kubozono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
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2
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Ma Z, Fu Z, Li N, Huang S, Chi L. Comparative effects of sacubitril/valsartan and ACEI/ARB on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with heart failure: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e088744. [PMID: 39260836 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome that affects millions of people worldwide and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Sacubitril/valsartan, a combination drug consisting of a neprilysin inhibitor and an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), has shown a greater improvement in the prognosis of HF than ACE inhibitors (ACEI) or ARB. Recent studies have found that ACEI/ARB or sacubitril/valsartan can increase flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and reduce pulse wave velocity (PWV), which are independent predictors of cardiovascular events and HF prognosis. The purpose of this study is to assess and compare the effect of sacubitril/valsartan and ACEI/ARB on FMD and PWV using meta-analysis and further provide a reference for the role of sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of HF. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Clinical randomised controlled trials investigating the effect of sacubitril/valsartan and/or ACEI/ARB on FMD and PWV in patients with HF will be searched in the relevant database, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and China's National Knowledge Infrastructure up to January 2024. The outcomes of interest are changes in endothelial function assessed by FMD and changes in arterial stiffness assessed by PWV. The risk of bias was evaluated using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2.0). Review Manager V.5.3 software is used for meta-analysis data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression analysis, subgroup analysis and risk of bias assessment. The reporting bias of studies will be evaluated using the funnel plot, in which symmetry will be assessed by Begg's and Egger's tests. The evidence quality of the included studies will be evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study only analyses research data from the published literature and therefore does not require ethical approval. We will submit the systematic review to a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42024538148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijie Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lingyi Chi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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3
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Mauvais-Jarvis F, Lindsey SH. Metabolic benefits afforded by estradiol and testosterone in both sexes: clinical considerations. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e180073. [PMID: 39225098 PMCID: PMC11364390 DOI: 10.1172/jci180073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) are produced in male and female humans and are potent metabolic regulators in both sexes. When E2 and T production stops or decreases during aging, metabolic dysfunction develops and promotes degenerative metabolic and vascular disease. Here, we discuss the shared benefits afforded by E2 and T for metabolic function human females and males. In females, E2 is central to bone and vascular health, subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution, skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, antiinflammatory immune function, and mitochondrial health. However, T also plays a role in female skeletal, vascular, and metabolic health. In males, T's conversion to E2 is fundamental to bone and vascular health, as well as prevention of excess visceral adiposity and the promotion of insulin sensitivity via activation of the estrogen receptors. However, T and its metabolite dihydrotestosterone also prevent excess visceral adiposity and promote skeletal muscle growth and insulin sensitivity via activation of the androgen receptor. In conclusion, T and E2 are produced in both sexes at sex-specific concentrations and provide similar and potent metabolic benefits. Optimizing levels of both hormones may be beneficial to protect patients from cardiometabolic disease and frailty during aging, which requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Medicine Service, Section of Endocrinology, Hormone Therapy Clinic, Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Deming Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sarah H. Lindsey
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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4
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Sidnawi B, Zhou B, Chen Z, Sehgal C, Santhanam S, Wu Q. A comprehensive physics-based model for the brachial Artery's full flow mediated dilation (FMD) response observed during the FMD test. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108900. [PMID: 39029430 PMCID: PMC11324374 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a physics-based model is developed to describe the entire flow mediated dilation (FMD) response. A parameter quantifying the arterial wall's tendency to recover arises from the model, thereby providing a more elaborate description of the artery's physical state, in concert with other parameters characterizing mechanotransduction and structural aspects of the arterial wall. The arterial diameter's behavior throughout the full response is successfully reproduced by the model. Experimental FMD response data were obtained from healthy volunteers. The model's parameters are then adjusted to yield the closest match to the observed experimental response, hence delivering the parameter values pertaining to each subject. This study establishes a foundation based on which future potential clinical applications can be introduced, where endothelial function and general cardiovascular health are inexpensively and noninvasively quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bchara Sidnawi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA; Cellular Biomechanics and Sport Science Laboratory, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA
| | - Bingjie Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA; Cellular Biomechanics and Sport Science Laboratory, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chandra Sehgal
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sridhar Santhanam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA
| | - Qianhong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA; Cellular Biomechanics and Sport Science Laboratory, Villanova University, PA, 19085, USA.
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5
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Arnold L, Haas NA, Jakob A, Fischer J, Massberg S, Deseive S, Oberhoffer FS. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation and its impact on endothelial function in patients with aortic stenosis. Microvasc Res 2024; 157:104735. [PMID: 39218034 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Vascular function is impaired in patients with aortic valve stenosis (AS). The impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on endothelial function is inconclusive so far. Therefore, we sought to assess the short-term influence of TAVI on endothelial dysfunction in patients with AS. We recruited 47 patients (76.6 % male, 80.04 years old) with AS scheduled for TAVI. Endothelial function was assessed by fingertip reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT). Measurements were conducted one day before and three days after TAVI. Patients were grouped according to RH-PAT change after TAVI. Overall, RH-PAT measurements did not significantly improve after TAVI (Reactive Hyperemia Index: 1.5 vs 1.6, p = 0.883; logarithm of the Reactive Hyperemia Index: 0.44 vs. 0.49, p = 0.523). Interestingly, patients with no RH-PAT improvement after TAVI displayed a more severe AS and had lower blood pressure after TAVI. This might be due to a more disturbed blood flow in patients with a smaller aortic valve area and higher peak aortic valve velocity. The relationship between AS severity, endothelial dysfunction and TAVI has to be investigated in future research that apply longitudinal study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Arnold
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nikolaus Alexander Haas
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - André Jakob
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julius Fischer
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Deseive
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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6
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Barbarroja N, López-Medina C, Escudero-Contreras A, Arias-de la Rosa I. Clinical and molecular insights into cardiovascular disease in psoriatic patients and the potential protective role of apremilast. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1459185. [PMID: 39170613 PMCID: PMC11335487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1459185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic disease, encompassing both psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), is closely intertwined with a significantly elevated risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This connection is further compounded by a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, arterial hypertension, and dysregulated lipid profiles. These comorbidities exceed the rates seen in the general population and compound the potential for increased mortality among those living with this condition. Recognizing the heightened cardiometabolic risk inherent in psoriatic disease necessitates a fundamental shift in the treatment paradigm. It is no longer sufficient to focus solely on mitigating inflammation. Instead, there is an urgent need to address and effectively manage the metabolic parameters that have a substantial impact on cardiovascular health. Within this context, apremilast emerges as a pivotal treatment option for psoriatic disease. What sets apremilast apart is its dual-action potential, addressing not only inflammation but also the critical metabolic parameters. This comprehensive treatment approach opens up new opportunities to improve the well-being of people living with psoriatic disease. This review delves into the multifaceted aspects involved in the development of cardiovascular disease and its intricate association with psoriatic disease. We then provide an in-depth exploration of the pleiotropic effects of apremilast, highlighting its potential to simultaneously mitigate metabolic complications and inflammation in individuals affected by these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Barbarroja
- Rheumatology Service, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | - Iván Arias-de la Rosa
- Rheumatology Service, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
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7
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SenthilKumar G, Hammond ST, Zirgibel Z, Cohen KE, Beyer AM, Freed JK. Is the peripheral microcirculation a window into the human coronary microvasculature? J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 193:67-77. [PMID: 38848808 PMCID: PMC11260236 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence suggests a pivotal role for the microvasculature in the development of cardiovascular disease. A dysfunctional coronary microvascular network, specifically within endothelial cells-the inner most cell layer of vessels-is considered a strong, independent risk factor for future major adverse cardiac events. However, challenges exist with evaluating this critical vascular bed, as many of the currently available techniques are highly invasive and cost prohibitive. The more easily accessible peripheral microcirculation has surfaced as a potential surrogate in which to study mechanisms of coronary microvascular dysfunction and likewise may be used to predict poor cardiovascular outcomes. In this review, we critically evaluate a variety of prognostic, physiological, and mechanistic studies in humans to answer whether the peripheral microcirculation can add insight into coronary microvascular health. A conceptual framework is proposed that the health of the endothelium specifically may link the coronary and peripheral microvascular beds. This is supported by evidence showing a correlation between human coronary and peripheral endothelial function in vivo. Although not a replacement for investigating and understanding coronary microvascular function, the microvascular endothelium from the periphery responds similarly to (patho)physiological stress and may be leveraged to explore potential therapeutic pathways to mitigate stress-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika SenthilKumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Stephen T Hammond
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Zachary Zirgibel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Katie E Cohen
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Julie K Freed
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
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8
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SenthilKumar G, Zirgibel Z, Cohen KE, Katunaric B, Jobe AM, Shult CG, Limpert RH, Freed JK. Ying and Yang of Ceramide in the Vascular Endothelium. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1725-1736. [PMID: 38899471 PMCID: PMC11269027 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.321158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Ceramides, a group of biologically active sphingolipids, have been described as the new cholesterol given strong evidence linking high plasma ceramide with endothelial damage, risk for early adverse cardiovascular events, and development of cardiometabolic disease. This relationship has sparked great interest in investigating therapeutic targets with the goal of suppressing ceramide formation. However, the growing data challenge this paradigm of ceramide as solely eliciting detrimental effects to the cardiovascular system. Studies show that ceramides are necessary for maintaining proper endothelial redox states, mechanosensation, and membrane integrity. Recent work in preclinical models and isolated human microvessels highlights that the loss of ceramide formation can in fact propagate vascular endothelial dysfunction. Here, we delve into these conflicting findings to evaluate how ceramide may be capable of exerting both beneficial and damaging effects within the vascular endothelium. We propose a unifying theory that while basal levels of ceramide in response to physiological stimuli are required for the production of vasoprotective metabolites such as S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate), the chronic accumulation of ceramide can promote activation of pro-oxidative stress pathways in endothelial cells. Clinically, the evidence discussed here highlights the potential challenges associated with therapeutic suppression of ceramide formation as a means of reducing cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika SenthilKumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Zachary Zirgibel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Katie E. Cohen
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Boran Katunaric
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Alyssa M. Jobe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Carolyn G. Shult
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Rachel H. Limpert
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI
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Bagherimohamadipour M, Hammad M, Visotcky A, Sparapani R, Kulinski J. Effects of Singing on Vascular Health in Older Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Trial. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.07.25.24311033. [PMID: 39108506 PMCID: PMC11302710 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.25.24311033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Background The impact of singing on cardiovascular health has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of singing on cardiovascular biomarkers in an aging population with coronary artery disease. Methods Participants had three study visits separated by 2-7 days, according to a randomized, single-blind, cross-over, controlled design: (1) a 30-minute period of coached singing from an in-person music therapist, (2) a 30-minute period of singing along to an instructional video and (3) a 30-minute rest (control). Primary outcomes included macrovascular endothelial function assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and microvascular function assessed by peripheral arterial tonometry (Framingham reactive hyperemia index; fRHI). Heart rate variability was a secondary outcome. Results Sixty-five subjects (mean age 67.7± 0.8, 40% women) completed the study. Compared to control, there was an increase in fRHI for the singing video intervention (estimate 0.54, SE 0.25, p=0.005) but not for the coaching intervention (estimate 0.11, SE 0.18, p=0.570). There was no change in macrovascular function with either intervention. The low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio increased by 2.80 (SE 1.03, p=0.008), and the LnHF power decreased by -0.90 ms2 (SE 0.29, p=0.003) with the video (during to pre-change). When assessing post- to pre- change, the coaching intervention showed a significant change of -0.62 ms2 (SE 0.29, p=0.036) in LnHF power. Conclusions Singing along to an instructional video for 30 minutes improved microvascular, but not macrovascular, endothelial function, in older patients with CAD. HRV changes with singing are similar to that of exercise. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04121741.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Hammad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Alexis Visotcky
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Rodney Sparapani
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jacquelyn Kulinski
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Zhang H, Yang J, Zhang Y, Xiao K, Wang Y, Si J, Li Y, Sun L, Sun J, Yi M, Chu X, Li J. Age and sex differences in the effects of short- and long-term exposure to air pollution on endothelial dysfunction. Environ Health 2024; 23:63. [PMID: 38978038 PMCID: PMC11229304 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of air pollution on endothelial function remain unclear across populations. We aimed to use brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) to identify demographic differences in the effects of air pollution exposure on endothelial dysfunction. METHODS We measured FMD in 850 participants from October 2016 to January 2020. Location-specific concentrations of fine particulate matter < 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter < 10 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) measured by fixed ambient air monitoring stations were collected for short- and long-term exposure assessment. Multiple linear regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the associations before and after stratification by age and sex. RESULTS This study eventually included 828 participants [551 (66.5%) younger than 65 years and 553 (66.8%) men]. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in 7-day exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly linearly associated with a 0.07% (β = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.004) and 0.05% (β = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.10 to -0.004) decrease in FMD in the fully adjusted model. After full adjustment, long-term exposure to all air pollutants was significantly associated with impaired FMD. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in long-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly associated with a -0.18% (95% CI: -0.34 to -0.03) and - 0.23% (95% CI: -0.40 to -0.06) change in FMD, respectively. After stratification, the associations of lower FMD with long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO significantly persisted in men and participants younger than 65 years instead of women or older participants. For short-term exposure, we observed differences consistent with long-term exposure and a stronger effect of 7-day exposure to SO2 in men due to a significant interaction effect. CONCLUSION Short- and long-term exposure to different air pollutants are strongly associated with decreased endothelial function, and susceptibility to air pollution varies significantly with age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Keling Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jin Si
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jinghao Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Briançon-Marjollet A, Joyeux-Faure M, Ben Messaoud R, Bailly S, Ngo V, Colombet S, Gaucher J, Baillieul S, Tamisier R, Pépin JL. Long-term incident severe outcomes in a prospective cohort of non-obese obstructive sleep apnoea patients free of comorbidities at inclusion. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00930-2023. [PMID: 38978551 PMCID: PMC11228602 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00930-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In a prospective cohort of OSA patients without comorbidities at inclusion, age, mean blood pressure, mean oxygen saturation and minimum oxygen saturation were associated with long-term incidence of severe health events https://bit.ly/3VyYEzC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Briançon-Marjollet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Marie Joyeux-Faure
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Raoua Ben Messaoud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Bailly
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Van Ngo
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabrina Colombet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonathan Gaucher
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Baillieul
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Tamisier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Louis Pépin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
- Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, Laboratoire EFCR (Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaire et Respiratoire), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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12
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Soto-Rodríguez FJ, Moya AP, Bobadilla-Agouborde CJ, Pérez-Mármol JM. Effect of Exercise Prior to Sedentary Behavior on Vascular Health Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Crossover Trials. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:69. [PMID: 38853205 PMCID: PMC11162984 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior has been shown to negatively affect parameters of endothelial function and central hemodynamics, both of which are closely associated with vascular health. Exercise prior to sedentary behavior has demonstrated potential as a preventive strategy to mitigate these detrimental effects. To evaluate the impact of exercise prior to sedentary behavior on vascular health parameters in the adult population, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, synthesizing the available body of knowledge. METHODS A literature search was carried out in 6 databases. For each outcome, standard error and mean difference or standardized mean difference were calculated, as appropriate. An analysis was performed using a random effects model with a 95% confidence interval, using the inverse variance statistical method. Risk of bias assessment was performed using ROB2 and considerations for crossover trials. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. RESULTS Exercise performed prior to prolonged sedentary behavior resulted in increased flow-mediated vasodilation at the first and third hours of sedentary time, compared with the control condition of sedentary behavior without prior exercise [MD: 1.51% (95% CI: 0.57 to 2.45) and MD: 1.36% (95% CI: 0.56 to 2.16), respectively]. Moreover, prior exercise led to increased shear rate at the first and third hours of sedentary time [MD: 7.70 s^-1 (95% CI: 0.79 to 14.61) and MD: 5.21 s^-1 (95% CI: 1.77 to 8.43), respectively]. Furthermore, it increased blood flow at the third hour [SMD: 0.40 (95%CI: 0.07 to 0.72)], compared with the control condition of prolonged sedentary behavior without prior exercise. Regarding hemodynamic parameters, exercise prior to prolonged sedentary behavior decreased mean arterial pressure during the first and third hours of sedentary behavior [MD: -1.94 mmHg (95% CI: -2.77 to -1.11) and MD: -1.90 mmHg (95% CI: -3.27 to -0.53), respectively], and an increase in heart rate during the first hour [MD: 4.38 beats per minute (95%CI: 2.78 to 5.98)] compared with the control condition of prolonged sedentary behavior without prior exercise. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this research suggest that prior exercise may prevent the impairment of vascular health parameters caused by sedentary behavior. However, the quality of the evidence was estimated as moderate. Therefore, further experimental studies and high-quality clinical trials are needed in this field to strengthen the results and conclusions drawn. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023393686.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Soto-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Kinesiología, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Alicia Peris Moya
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Pérez-Mármol
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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13
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Sircana MC, Erre GL, Castagna F, Manetti R. Crosstalk between Inflammation and Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Is There a Common Basis? Life (Basel) 2024; 14:716. [PMID: 38929699 PMCID: PMC11204900 DOI: 10.3390/life14060716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, although present in lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, do not explain such a high burden of early cardiovascular disease in the context of these systemic connective tissue diseases. Over the past few years, our understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis has changed from it being a lipid-centric to an inflammation-centric process. In this review, we examine the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, the two most common systemic connective tissue diseases, and consider them as emblematic models of the effect of chronic inflammation on the human body. We explore the roles of the inflammasome, cells of the innate and acquired immune system, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, chemokines and soluble pro-inflammatory cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, and the roles of certain autoantigens and autoantibodies, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and beta2-glycoprotein, which may play a pathogenetic role in atherosclerosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberto Manetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Pharmacology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.L.E.); (F.C.)
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14
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Palatnik A, Kulinski J. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy & vascular dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1411424. [PMID: 38883989 PMCID: PMC11177763 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1411424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. One of the more severe HDP diagnoses is preeclampsia, which is recognized as a sex-specific cardiovascular risk enhancer with long-term implications for women's health, increasing lifetime risk of ischemic heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. Though the mechanisms accounting for the increased risk of cardiovascular disease following HDP are not yet well understood, vascular dysfunction has been implicated. In this perspective piece, we summarize the existing evidence for vascular dysfunction in HDP with a focus on non-invasive assessments, highlight advances in the field, and suggest future directions for improving risk stratification of women with HDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palatnik
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jacquelyn Kulinski
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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15
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Fogacci F, Giovannini M, Di Micoli A, Fiorini G, Grandi E, Borghi C, Cicero AFG. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial on the Effect of a Dietary Supplement Containing Dry Artichoke and Bergamot Extracts on Metabolic and Vascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Suboptimal Cholesterol Levels. Nutrients 2024; 16:1587. [PMID: 38892519 PMCID: PMC11174436 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether dietary supplementation with a nutraceutical blend comprising extracts of bergamot and artichoke-both standardized in their characteristic polyphenolic fractions-could positively affect serum lipid concentration and insulin sensitivity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and indexes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 90 healthy individuals with suboptimal cholesterol levels. Participants were randomly allocated to treatment with a pill of either active treatment or placebo. After 6 weeks, the active-treated group experienced significant improvements in levels of triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B-100), and apolipoprotein AI (Apo AI) versus baseline. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), and hs-CRP also significantly decreased in the active-treated group compared to both baseline and placebo. At the 12-week follow-up, individuals allocated to the combined nutraceutical experienced a significant improvement in TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, TG, Apo B-100, Apo AI, glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gGT), hs-CRP, several indexes of NAFLD, and brachial pulse volume (PV) in comparison with baseline. Improvements in TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, TG, fatty liver index (FLI), hs-CRP, and endothelial reactivity were also detected compared to placebo (p < 0.05 for all). Overall, these findings support the use of the tested dietary supplement containing dry extracts of bergamot and artichoke as a safe and effective approach for the prevention and management of a broad spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Antonio Di Micoli
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Giulia Fiorini
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Elisa Grandi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
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16
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Davis KM, Petersen KS, Matthan NR, Legro RS, Kris‐Etherton PM. Effect of Incorporating 1 Avocado per Day Versus Habitual Diet on Vascular Function in Adults With Abdominal Obesity: An Ancillary Study of HAT, a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e030497. [PMID: 38726886 PMCID: PMC11179816 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction and poorer vascular health. Avocado consumption improves postprandial endothelial function; however, the longer-term effects remain unclear. It was hypothesized that the daily addition of 1 avocado to a habitual diet for 6 months would improve flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in individuals with abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥35 in for women, ≥40 in for men), compared with a habitual diet low in avocados. METHODS AND RESULTS HAT (Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial) was a multicenter, randomized, controlled, parallel-arm study that investigated the health effects of adding 1 avocado per day to a habitual diet in individuals with abdominal obesity. At the Pennsylvania State University, University Park study center (n=134; age, 50 ± 13 years; women, 78%; body mass index, 32.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2), markers of vascular function were measured, including endothelial function, assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, and arterial stiffness, assessed via carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Between-group differences in 6-month change in flow-mediated dilation and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were assessed using independent t tests. Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted using linear regression. No significant between-group differences in flow-mediated dilation (mean difference=-0.62% [95% CI, -1.70 to 0.46]) or carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (0.25 m/s [95% CI, -0.13 to 0.63]) were observed. Results of the subgroup analyses were consistent with the primary analyses. CONCLUSIONS Longer-term consumption of 1 avocado per day as part of a habitual diet did not improve measures of vascular function compared with a habitual diet low in avocados in individuals with abdominal obesity. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03528031.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Davis
- Department of Nutritional SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
- Department of PsychologyWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
| | - Kristina S. Petersen
- Department of Nutritional SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Nirupa R. Matthan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on AgingTufts UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Richard S. Legro
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPAUSA
- Department of Public Health SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPAUSA
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17
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Bartsch BL, Hazen EM, Montgomery RN, Trieu C, Britton-Carpenter AJ, Billinger SA. Peripheral vascular function in stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:1182-1194. [PMID: 38482571 PMCID: PMC11368525 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00601.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral vascular dysfunction, measured as flow-mediated dilation (FMD), is present across all phases of stroke recovery and elevates the risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize baseline FMD in individuals' poststroke, with consideration for each phase of stroke recovery. Three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase) were searched between January 1, 2000 and October 12, 2023 for studies that examined baseline FMD in stroke. Three reviewers conducted abstract and full-text screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. A random effects model was used to estimate FMD across studies. Meta-regression was used to examine the impact of age and time since stroke (acute, subacute, chronic) on FMD. Twenty-eight studies with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were included. Descriptive statistics for the demographics and FMD values of each study are presented. For the meta-analysis, average estimate FMD was 3.9% (95% CI: 2.5-5.3%). We report a large amount of heterogeneity (Cochrane's Q P value <0.001, and I2 = 99.6%). Differences in average age and the time poststroke between studies were not significantly associated with differences in FMD values. Despite the large heterogeneity for FMD values across studies, our primary finding suggests that FMD remains impaired across all phases of stroke.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This systematic review and meta-analysis offers invaluable insight into poststroke vascular function. Despite the inherent heterogeneity among the 28 studies analyzed, we report that peripheral vascular dysfunction, as quantified by flow-mediated dilation, exists across all stages of stroke recovery. This finding underscores the importance for interventions that focus on improving vascular health and secondary stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bria L Bartsch
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Emily M Hazen
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Robert N Montgomery
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Calvin Trieu
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | | | - Sandra A Billinger
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Fairway, Kansas, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
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18
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Rexhaj E, Bär S, Soria R, Ueki Y, Häner JD, Otsuka T, Kavaliauskaite R, Siontis GC, Stortecky S, Shibutani H, Spirk D, Engstrøm T, Lang I, Morf L, Ambühl M, Windecker S, Losdat S, Koskinas KC, Räber L. Effects of alirocumab on endothelial function and coronary atherosclerosis in myocardial infarction: A PACMAN-AMI randomized clinical trial substudy. Atherosclerosis 2024; 392:117504. [PMID: 38513436 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The effects of protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on endothelial function as assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab added to high-intensity statin on FMD, and its association with coronary atherosclerosis in non-infarct related arteries using intracoronary intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS This was a pre-specified substudy among patients recruited at Bern University Hospital, Switzerland, for the randomized-controlled, double-blind, PACMAN-AMI trial, which compared the effects of biweekly alirocumab 150 mg vs. placebo added to rosuvastatin. Brachial artery FMD was measured at 4 and 52 weeks, and intracoronary imaging at baseline and 52 weeks. RESULTS 139/173 patients completed the substudy. There was no difference in FMD at 52 weeks in the alirocumab (n = 68, 5.44 ± 2.24%) versus placebo (n = 71, 5.45 ± 2.19%) group (difference = -0.21%, 95% CI -0.77 to 0.35, p = 0.47). FMD improved throughout 52 weeks in both groups similarly (p < 0.001). There was a significant association between 4 weeks FMD and baseline plaque burden (IVUS) (n = 139, slope = -1.00, p = 0.006), but not with lipid pool (NIRS) (n = 139, slope = -7.36, p = 0.32), or fibrous cap thickness (OCT) (n = 81, slope = -1.57, p = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with AMI, the addition of alirocumab did not result in further improvement of FMD as compared to 52 weeks secondary preventative medical therapy including high-intensity statin therapy. FMD was significantly associated with coronary plaque burden at baseline, but not with lipid pool or fibrous cap thickness.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Male
- Female
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Middle Aged
- Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy
- Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging
- Coronary Artery Disease/complications
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Double-Blind Method
- Aged
- PCSK9 Inhibitors
- Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy
- Myocardial Infarction/complications
- Myocardial Infarction/diagnostic imaging
- Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology
- Ultrasonography, Interventional
- Rosuvastatin Calcium/therapeutic use
- Treatment Outcome
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Tomography, Optical Coherence
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/drug therapy
- Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/physiopathology
- Brachial Artery/drug effects
- Brachial Artery/physiopathology
- Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging
- Time Factors
- Proprotein Convertase 9
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrush Rexhaj
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Bär
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo Soria
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yasushi Ueki
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas D Häner
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tatsuhiko Otsuka
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raminta Kavaliauskaite
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - George Cm Siontis
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stortecky
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hiroki Shibutani
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Spirk
- Institute of Pharmacology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland; Sanofi, Suurstofi 2, 6343, Risch-Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Engstrøm
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 20100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irene Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Morf
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Ambühl
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Losdat
- CTU Bern, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Konstantinos C Koskinas
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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19
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Ribeiro JAM, Oliveira SG, Ocamoto GN, Thommazo-Luporini LD, Mendes RG, Borghi-Silva A, Phillips SA, Billinger SA, Russo TL. Hemispheric lateralization, endothelial function, and arterial compliance in chronic post-stroke individuals: a cross-sectional exploratory study. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:481-491. [PMID: 36028987 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2118597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim: Cardiovascular function is controlled and regulated by a functional brain-heart axis. Although the exact mechanism is not fully understood, several studies suggest a hemispheric asymmetry in the neural control of cardiovascular function. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether endothelial function and arterial compliance differ between individuals with left- and right-sided strokes.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional exploratory study. Thirty individuals more than 6 months after stroke participated in the study. The endothelial function was assessed by ultrasound-measured flow-mediated dilation of the nonparetic arm brachial artery (baFMD). The arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and central aortic pulse wave analysis [augmentation index (AIx), augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 bpm (AIx@75) and reflection magnitude (RM)] using applanation tonometry. Results: Participants with right-sided stroke had worse endothelial function than those with left-sided stroke. This difference (baFMD = 2.51%) was significant (p = 0.037), and it represented a medium effect size (r = 0.38). Likewise, they had higher arterial stiffness than those with left-sided stroke. This difference (AIx = 10%; RM = 7%) was significant (p = 0.011; p = 0.012), and it represented a medium effect size (r = 0.48; r = 0.47).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that individuals with right-sided stroke have reduced endothelial function and arterial compliance compared to those with left-sided stroke. These data may indicate that those with right-sided strokes are more susceptible to cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Audrey Borghi-Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Sandra A Billinger
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
- KU Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS, USA
| | - Thiago Luiz Russo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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20
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Correale M, Chirivì F, Bevere EML, Tricarico L, D’Alto M, Badagliacca R, Brunetti ND, Vizza CD, Ghio S. Endothelial Function in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: From Bench to Bedside. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2444. [PMID: 38673717 PMCID: PMC11051060 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complex pathology whose etiology is still not completely well clarified. The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension involves different molecular mechanisms, with endothelial dysfunction playing a central role in disease progression. Both individual genetic predispositions and environmental factors seem to contribute to its onset. To further understand the complex relationship between endothelial and pulmonary hypertension and try to contribute to the development of future therapies, we report a comprehensive and updated review on endothelial function in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Correale
- Cardiothoracic Department, Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Chirivì
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (F.C.); (E.M.L.B.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Ester Maria Lucia Bevere
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (F.C.); (E.M.L.B.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Lucia Tricarico
- Cardiothoracic Department, Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Michele D’Alto
- Department of Cardiology, A.O.R.N. dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania L. ‘Vanvitelli’, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Clinical, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, I School of Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Natale D. Brunetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (F.C.); (E.M.L.B.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Clinical, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, I School of Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Stefano Ghio
- Division of Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Maruhashi T, Kajikawa M, Kishimoto S, Yamaji T, Harada T, Hashimoto Y, Mizobuchi A, Tanigawa S, Yusoff FM, Nakano Y, Chayama K, Nakashima A, Goto C, Higashi Y. Seasonal variations in endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation and endothelium-independent nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:910-920. [PMID: 37964068 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular mortality has been shown to vary seasonally. However, it has not been determined whether vascular function is affected by the season. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of vascular function with season and outdoor temperature. Between April 2007 and March 2022, measurements of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery as an index of endothelial function and nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID) as an index of endothelium-independent vasodilation were performed in 2190 subjects. There was no significant seasonal difference in FMD (spring, 3.9 ± 3.1%; summer, 3.5 ± 3.0%; fall, 3.7 ± 3.0%; winter, 3.6 ± 3.2%; P = 0.14). There was no significant correlation between FMD and daily mean outdoor temperature (r = -0.02, P = 0.25). Multivariate analyses revealed that neither season (β = -0.020, P = 0.31) nor outdoor temperature (β = 0.005, P = 0.81) was significantly associated with FMD after adjustment for other confounding factors. There were significant seasonal differences in NID (spring, 12.8 ± 6.3%; summer, 12.0 ± 6.1%; fall, 11.7 ± 6.1%; winter, 12.3 ± 5.9%; P = 0.02). However, multivariate analysis revealed that there was no significant association between season and NID after adjustment for other confounding factors (β = -0.012, P = 0.56). There was no significant correlation between NID and daily outdoor mean temperature (r = -0.03, P = 0.17). Multivariate analysis revealed that outdoor temperature was not significantly associated with NID (β = -0.006, P = 0.78). There was no significant association of FMD or NID with season or outdoor temperature, suggesting that it is not necessary to take into account the effects of season and outdoor temperature on vascular function when interpreting the results of FMD and NID measurements. Public trials registry number: UMIN000039512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Maruhashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masato Kajikawa
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Kishimoto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Harada
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yu Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Mizobuchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tanigawa
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Farina Mohamad Yusoff
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chikara Goto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of general Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, 555-36, Kurosegakuendai, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Li Y, Yi M, Wang X, Zhang Y, Xiao K, Si J, Sun L, Zhang H, Sun J, Liu Z, Zhao J, Chu X, Li J. Association between triglyceride-glucose index and endothelial dysfunction. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03785-5. [PMID: 38514591 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03785-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker for insulin resistance (IR), has been reported as an independent predictor of arterial structural damage and future cardiovascular events. The association between TyG index and endothelial dysfunction remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between TyG index and endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Endothelial dysfunction was measured using flow-mediated dilation (FMD). A total of 840 subjects, who voluntarily accepted FMD measurement at the Health Management Department of Xuanwu Hospital from October 2016 to January 2020, were included in this study. TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglyceride (TG)(mg/dL) × fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dL)/2]. RESULTS The mean age was 59.92 ± 10.28 years and 559 (66.55%) participants were male. The TyG index was correlated with FMD values (P = 0.022). Each unit increment in TyG index was associated with lower FMD values (β = -0.330, 95%CI -0.609 to -0.052, P = 0.020) after adjusting for covariates. Age (β = -0.069, 95%CI -0.088 to -0.051, P < 0.001), female (β = 0.592, 95%CI 0.172 to1.012, P = 0.006), smoking (β = -0.430, 95%CI -0.859 to -0.002, P = 0.049) and hypertension (β = -0.741, 95%CI -1.117 to -0.365, P < 0.001) were also independent predictors for endothelial dysfunction. A significant association between the TyG index and endothelial dysfunction was found only in populations younger than 60 years (β = -0.843, 95%CI -1.371 to -0.316, P = 0.002), females (β = -0.612, 95%CI -1.147 to -0.077, P = 0.025), and populations without diabetes mellitus (DM) (β = -0.594, 95%CI -1.042 to -0.147, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Subjects with an elevated TyG index are more likely to have endothelial dysfunction, particularly in populations without DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chui Yang Liu Hospital affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Keling Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jin Si
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jinghao Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhaoli Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Chen C, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Hao Y, Peng B, Xie X, Xie H. A reliable evaluation approach for multichannel signal denoising algorithms based on a novel arterial pulse acquisition system. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26140. [PMID: 38449635 PMCID: PMC10915521 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tactile sensors are utilized to measure multichannel pulse signals in pulse wave analysis (PWA). Owing to noise interferences, researchers have applied various denoising algorithms on multichannel pulse signals. To comprehensively assess these algorithms, numerous evaluation metrics have been proposed. However, these studies did not investigate the noise mechanisms in depth and lacked reference pulse signals, thus making the evaluations insufficiently objective. Materials and methods An applicable denoising evaluation approach for multichannel pulse signal algorithms based on an arterial pulse acquisition system is established by superimposing real-world multichannel noise to the reference signals. The system, comprising a SphygmoCor and a uniaxial noise acquisition device, allows us to acquire single-reference pulse signals as well as real-world multichannel noise. Results We assess eight popular denoising algorithms with three evaluation metrics, including amplitude relative error (ARE), mean square error (MSE) and increased percentage signal-noise ratio (SNR%). Our proposed approach provides accurate and objective evaluations of multichannel pulse signal denoising. Notably, classic algorithms for single-channel denoising are not recommended for multichannel denoising. Comparatively, RPCA-based algorithms can denoise pulse signals independently for each channel. Conclusion This study sets the stage for the establishment of accurate and objective pulse signal denoising evaluations and provides insights for data-driven clinical diagnoses in cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuqi Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yinan Hao
- Department of Musical Instrument Engineering, Xinghai Conservatory of Music, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Musical Instrument Engineering, Xinghai Conservatory of Music, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Sniow Research and Development Laboratory, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiqing Xie
- School of Medical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
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24
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Hall WL, Alkoblan A, Gibson PS, D'Annibale M, Coekaerts A, Bauer M, Bruce JH, Lecomte B, Penhoat A, Laugerette F, Michalski MC, Salt LJ, Wilde PJ, Berry SE. Postprandial lipid and vascular responses following consumption of a commercially-relevant interesterified palmitic acid-rich spread in comparison to functionally-equivalent non-interesterified spread and spreadable butter: a randomised controlled trial in healthy adults. Food Funct 2024; 15:2733-2750. [PMID: 38380649 PMCID: PMC10911404 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05324e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Background: Interesterification is an industrial processing technique used widely where hard fats are essential for functionality and consumer acceptability, e.g. margarines and lower fat spreads. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare acute cardiovascular effects of functionally equivalent spreads (similar solid fat content) made with interesterified (IE) or non-IE palm-based fats, or spreadable butter. Methods: A randomised, controlled, 4-armed crossover, double-blind study (25 men, 25 women; 35-75 years; healthy; mean BMI 24.5, SD 3.8), compared effects of mixed nutrient meals containing 50 g fat from functionally equivalent products [IE spread, non-IE spread and spreadable butter (SB), with rapeseed oil (RO) as a reference treatment: with 16.7%, 27.9%, 19.3% and 4% palmitic acid, respectively] on 8 h postprandial changes in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) and endothelial dysfunction (flow-mediated dilatation; FMD). Circulating reactive oxygen species (estimated using a neutrophil oxidative burst assay), glucose, insulin, NEFA, lipoprotein particle profiles, inflammatory markers (glycoprotein acetylation (Glyc-A) and IL-6), and biomarkers of endotoxemia were measured. Results: Postprandial plasma TAG concentrations after test meals were similar. However following RO versus the 3 spreads, there were significantly higher postprandial apolipoprotein B concentrations, and small HDL and LDL particle concentrations, and lower postprandial extra-large, large, and medium HDL particle concentrations, as well as smaller average HDL and LDL particle sizes. There were no differences following IE compared to the other spreads. Postprandial FMD% did not decrease after high-fat test meals, and there were no differences between treatments. Postprandial serum IL-6 increased similarly after test meals, but RO provoked a greater increase in postprandial concentrations of glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), as well as 8 h sCD14, an endotoxemia marker. All other postprandial outcomes were not different between treatments. Conclusions: In healthy adults, a commercially-available IE-based spread did not evoke a different postprandial triacylglycerol, lipoprotein subclass, oxidative stress, inflammatory or endotoxemic response to functionally-equivalent, but compositionally-distinct alternative spreads. Clinical trial registry number: NCT03438084 (https://ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy L Hall
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
| | - Aseel Alkoblan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Philippa S Gibson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
| | - Maria D'Annibale
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
| | - Astrid Coekaerts
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
| | - Mathilde Bauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
| | | | - Beryle Lecomte
- CarMeN Laboratory INRAE, INSERM U1060, INRAE UMR1397, University of Lyon, France
| | - Armelle Penhoat
- CarMeN Laboratory INRAE, INSERM U1060, INRAE UMR1397, University of Lyon, France
| | - Fabienne Laugerette
- CarMeN Laboratory INRAE, INSERM U1060, INRAE UMR1397, University of Lyon, France
| | | | - Louise J Salt
- Food Innovation and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, UK
| | - Peter J Wilde
- Food Innovation and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, UK
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, Stamford St., London, UK.
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25
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de Souza JAF, Catai AM, de Moura-Tonello SCG, Araújo BTS, Barros AEVR, de Aguiar MIR, Campos SL, de Andrade AD, Brandão DC. Correlation between peripheral endothelial function, oxygen consumption and ventilatory efficiency in heart transplantation recipients. Heart Lung 2024; 64:208-213. [PMID: 38092582 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) are also predictors of increased risk of cardiovascular events in heart transplantation (HTx) recipients. The preservation of endothelial function may contribute to exercise tolerance. OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between peripheral endothelial function and exercise tolerance through VO2peak and ventilation to carbon dioxide production slope (VE / VCO2 slope) in HTx recipients. METHODS A pilot cross-sectional study was conducted with adult individuals aged 18-65 years, HTx ≥ six months after surgery, who had a stable medical condition and no changes over the last three months of immunosuppressive treatment. The patients underwent an assessment of endothelial function through PAT (EndoPAT-2000®) and performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). RESULTS A total of 41% of the studied population presented endothelial dysfunction. The individuals were divided into two groups: the endothelial dysfunction (GED; n=9) group and the normal endothelial function (GNEF; n=13) group according to the logarithm of the reactive hyperemia index (LnRHI). There was a positive and moderate correlation between the LnRHI and VO2 peak (r=0.659, p=0.013) and a negative and moderate correlation between the LnRHI and VE/VCO2 slope (r= -0.686, p= 0.009) in the GNEF. However, no significant correlations were found in the GED. CONCLUSION The results showed that the preservation of peripheral endothelial function is significantly correlated with an increase in exercise tolerance in individuals after HTx. These findings bring important considerations for cardiovascular risk prevention and emphasize that therapeutic strategies with physical training programs must be implemented early.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aparecida Maria Catai
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCAR), São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna T S Araújo
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Shirley Lima Campos
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
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Isailă OM, Moroianu LA, Hostiuc S. Current Trends in Biohumoral Screening for the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:418. [PMID: 38541144 PMCID: PMC10972295 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) represents a challenge to health systems globally and is met with increased frequency in the population. Over time, multiple screening methods have been proposed, including the analysis of various plasma biomarkers. This article aims to analyze for illustrative purposes the specialized literature in terms of current biomarkers and testing trends, in the case of cardiovascular diseases and implicitly sudden cardiac death. Materials and Methods: In this regard, we searched the PubMed database from 2010 to the present time using the keywords "sudden cardiac death" and "biomarkers". The inclusion criteria were clinical trials that analyzed the effectiveness of screening methods in terms of biomarkers used in stratifying the risk of cardiac distress and/or sudden cardiac death. We excluded reviews, meta-analyses, and studies looking at the effectiveness of treatments. Results: An extended approach was found, through studies that brought to the forefront both classical markers analyzed by new, more performant methods, markers for other pathologies that also determined cardiovascular impact, non-specific molecules with effects on the cardiovascular system, and state-of-the-art markers, such as microRNA. Some molecules were analyzed simultaneously in certain groups of patients. Conclusion: The observed current trend revealed the tendency to define the clinical-biological particularities of the person to be screened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Maria Isailă
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lavinia-Alexandra Moroianu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Sorin Hostiuc
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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27
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Oka A, Sudo Y, Morimoto T, Tsushima R, Sogo M, Ozaki M, Takahashi M, Okawa K. Pre-procedural Stratification by the Endothelial Function in Patients with Heart Failure Undergoing Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. Hellenic J Cardiol 2024:S1109-9666(24)00027-7. [PMID: 38342341 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction (ED), a well-established risk marker of cardiovascular events, is associated with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Its relationship with cardiovascular events in patients with HF undergoing AF ablation remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the association between ED and the outcomes after AF ablation in patients with HF. METHODS This prospective cohort study included patients with HF who underwent an endothelial function assessment using the peripheral vascular reactive hyperemia index (RHI) before first-time AF ablation. We defined AF recurrence according to the following types: the conventional form (AF≥30 seconds) and persistent form (requiring cardioversion). An RHI<2.1 indicated ED. Those with and without ED were compared in terms of the 3-year incidence of AF recurrence and cardiovascular events after AF ablation. RESULTS Among 421 patients with HF (69 ± 9 years and 38% females), 343 (81.5%) had ED. Although the incidence of the conventional form of AF recurrence was similar between the groups, that of the persistent form was significantly higher in the ED group (25.7% vs. 15.3%, log-rank P = 0.028). The ED group also had a significantly higher rate of cardiovascular events (14.8% vs. 3.6%, log-rank P = 0.028). Pre-procedural ED was identified as an independent predictor of a persistent form of AF recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-5.07, P = 0.037) and that of cardiovascular events (adjusted HR 4.21, 95% CI 1.02-17.5, P = 0.048), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The endothelial function assessment enabled the risk stratification of clinically problematic outcomes after AF ablation in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Oka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan
| | - Yuya Sudo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Ryu Tsushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sogo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan
| | - Masatomo Ozaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1 Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan.
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28
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Arabi SM, Bahari H, Chambari M, Bahrami LS, Mohaildeen Gubari MI, Watts GF, Sahebkar A. Omega-3 fatty acids and endothelial function: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14109. [PMID: 37859571 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation has been reported to have an impact on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), a conventionally used clinical technique for estimating endothelial dysfunction. However, its proven effects on endothelial function are unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFAs supplementation on FMD of the brachial artery. METHOD This study was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. To identify eligible RCTs, a systematic search was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science using relevant keywords. A fixed- or random-effects model was utilized to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS Thirty-two studies (with 35 arms) were included in this meta-analysis, involving 2385 subjects with intervention duration ranging from 4 to 48 weeks. The pooled meta-analysis demonstrated a significant effect of omega-3 on FMD (WMD = 0.8%, 95% CI = 0.3-1.3, p = .001) and heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 82.5%, p < .001). CONCLUSION We found that n-3 PUFA supplementation improves endothelial function as estimated by flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mostafa Arabi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Hossein Bahari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahla Chambari
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Leila Sadat Bahrami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Gerald F Watts
- Cardiometabolic Service, Departments of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Cutruzzolà A, Parise M, Cozza P, Moraru S, Gnasso A, Irace C. Elevated blood flow in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 208:111110. [PMID: 38278495 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to evaluate blood flow (BF) and microvascular function in the forearm of people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes at rest and after ischemia. Microvascular function plays a crucial role in regulating BF in peripheral tissues based on metabolic demand. METHODS People with diabetes and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Brachial artery diameter and blood velocity were continuously measured at rest and after ischemia by an automatic tracking system. BF and vascular conductance were then calculated. RESULTS Forty-nine people with diabetes and 49 controls were enrolled. BF at rest and after ischemia was significantly higher in people with diabetes than controls: Type 1, 243 ± 116 and 631 ± 233 ml/min; controls, 180 ± 106 and 486 ± 227 ml/min; Type 2, 332 ± 149 and 875 ± 293 ml/min; controls 222 ± 106 and 514 ± 224 ml/min. Vascular conductance was significantly higher in Type 2 than in controls at rest and after ischemia. CONCLUSIONS People with diabetes exhibited significantly increased BF, with Type 2 also showing heightened vascular conductance. Activating metabolic pathways triggered by hyperglycemia may lead to distinct vascular redistribution, potentially impairing blood flow over time. These findings of the study underscore the importance of understanding overall vascular dynamics in diabetes and its implications for vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cutruzzolà
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Martina Parise
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale Cozza
- School of Medicine, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefan Moraru
- School of Medicine, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Agostino Gnasso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Concetta Irace
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy.
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30
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SenthilKumar G, Katunaric B, Zirgibel Z, Lindemer B, Jaramillo-Torres MJ, Bordas-Murphy H, Schulz ME, Pearson PJ, Freed JK. Necessary Role of Ceramides in the Human Microvascular Endothelium During Health and Disease. Circ Res 2024; 134:81-96. [PMID: 38037825 PMCID: PMC10766100 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated plasma ceramides and microvascular dysfunction both independently predict adverse cardiac events. Despite the known detrimental effects of ceramide on the microvasculature, evidence suggests that activation of the shear-sensitive, ceramide-forming enzyme NSmase (neutral sphingomyelinase) elicits formation of vasoprotective nitric oxide (NO). Here, we explore a novel hypothesis that acute ceramide formation through NSmase is necessary for maintaining NO signaling within the human microvascular endothelium. We further define the mechanism through which ceramide exerts beneficial effects and discern key mechanistic differences between arterioles from otherwise healthy adults (non-coronary artery disease [CAD]) and patients diagnosed with CAD. METHODS Human arterioles were dissected from discarded surgical adipose tissue (n=166), and vascular reactivity to flow and C2-ceramide was assessed. Shear-induced NO and mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production were measured in arterioles using fluorescence microscopy. H2O2 fluorescence was assessed in isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. RESULTS Inhibition of NSmase in arterioles from otherwise healthy adults induced a switch from NO to NOX-2 (NADPH-oxidase 2)-dependent H2O2-mediated flow-induced dilation. Endothelial dysfunction was prevented by treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and partially prevented by C2-ceramide and an agonist of S1P-receptor 1 (S1PR1); the inhibition of the S1P/S1PR1 signaling axis induced endothelial dysfunction via NOX-2. Ceramide increased NO production in arterioles from non-CAD adults, an effect that was diminished with inhibition of S1P/S1PR1/S1P-receptor 3 signaling. In arterioles from patients with CAD, inhibition of NSmase impaired the overall ability to induce mitochondrial H2O2 production and subsequently dilate to flow, an effect not restored with exogenous S1P. Acute ceramide administration to arterioles from patients with CAD promoted H2O2 as opposed to NO production, an effect dependent on S1P-receptor 3 signaling. CONCLUSION These data suggest that despite differential downstream signaling between health and disease, NSmase-mediated ceramide formation is necessary for proper functioning of the human microvascular endothelium. Therapeutic strategies that aim to significantly lower ceramide formation may prove detrimental to the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika SenthilKumar
- Department of Physiology (G.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Boran Katunaric
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Zachary Zirgibel
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Brian Lindemer
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Maria J. Jaramillo-Torres
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Henry Bordas-Murphy
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Mary E. Schulz
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Paul J. Pearson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (P.J.P.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Department of Physiology (G.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Fogacci F, Giovannini M, Di Micoli V, Grandi E, Veronesi M, Borghi C, Cicero AFG. Evaluation of the effect of a dietary supplementation with a red yeast rice and fish oil-containing nutraceutical on lipid pattern, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and endothelial function in moderately hypercholesterolaemic subjects: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2023; 8:e182-e189. [PMID: 38283922 PMCID: PMC10811543 DOI: 10.5114/amsad/177444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Red yeast rice and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are dietary supplements with well-known lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and vascular health improving effects. However, they have rarely been tested in combination. The aim of our study was to test the short-term effect of a combined nutraceutical including red yeast rice and PUFAs on plasma lipids, jigh-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and endothelial function in healthy subjects. Material and methods We carried out a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with parallel groups testing the effect of 8 weeks of supplementation with softgels containing red yeast rice (2.8 mg monacolins) and PUFAs (588 mg of fish oil, standardized in PUFAs: 350 EPA, 45 mg DHA) versus placebo. A full lipid panel, hsCRP, and endothelial reactivity were measured at the baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. Results The tested combined nutraceutical was very well tolerated, and after 8 weeks of supplementation it was associated with a 17.3 ±3.4% reduction of lipid-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), a 12.1 ±2.2% reduction of total cholesterol (TC), a 22.3 ±4.3% reduction of apoB, and a -14.9 ±1.8% reduction of hsCRP, as well as a significant improvement of pulse volume change by 5.0 ±0.9%. Conclusions The tested combined dietary supplement containing red yeast rice and PUFAs was very well tolerated and significantly improved LDL-C, TC, apoB, hsCRP and endothelial function in healthy subjects with suboptimal LDL-cholesterolaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Micoli
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Grandi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maddalena Veronesi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Azuma N, Saito Y, Nishijima T, Aoki R, Nishihira J. Effect of daily ingestion of Bifidobacterium and dietary fiber on vascular endothelial function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison study. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:86-96. [PMID: 37849220 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 (GCL2505) improves the intestinal microbiota and reduces human visceral fat. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to examine the effects of inulin, a prebiotic dietary fiber, and GCL2505 on vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects (n = 60). The test drink contained 2.0 g/100 g inulin and 1.0 × 1010 colony-forming units/100 g GCL2505 and was consumed daily for 12 weeks. Flow-mediated dilation was set as the primary endpoint. Subgroup analysis of vascular endothelial function demonstrated a significant increase in the change of flow-mediated dilation (%) from weeks 0 to 12 in the GCL2505 and inulin group (n = 24) compared with the placebo group (n = 23), while an improving trend in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were confirmed. Our results indicated that the test drink had a positive effect on vascular endothelial function and related blood parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nishijima
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Aoki
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Yin Q, Jiang H, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Wu Z, Huang L, Chen X. Influence of enhanced external counterpulsation on endothelial function: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2023; 57:2273223. [PMID: 37876280 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2023.2273223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is an effective and noninvasive treatment for patients with refractory angina and chronic heart failure. However, previous studies evaluating the influence of EECP on endothelial function showed inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of EECP on endothelial function measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). DESIGN PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing the influence of EECP versus usual care on FMD in adult population. A random-effects model incorporating the potential influence of heterogeneity was used to pool the results. RESULTS Nineteen studies with 1647 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with usual care or conventional therapy, additional treatment with EECP for 3-7 weeks was associated with a significantly improved FMD (mean difference [MD]: 1.96%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.57-2.36, p < 0.001, I2 = 52%). Subgroup analysis showed consistent results in patients with coronary artery disease and in patients with other diseases (p for subgroup difference = 0.21). Results of meta-regression analysis showed that the mean baseline FMD level was positively correlated with the influence of EECP on FMD (coefficient = 0.42, p < 0.001). Results of subgroup analysis suggested that the increment of FMD following EECP was larger in patients with baseline FMD ≥ 5% (MD: 2.69, 95% CI: 2.27-3.10, p < 0.001; I2 = 15%) compared to those with baseline FMD < 5% (MD: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.13-1.85, p < 0.001; I2 = 0%; p for subgroup difference < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS EECP may be effective in improving endothelial function measured by FMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuanlan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
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Lima do Vale MR, Buckner L, Mitrofan CG, Tramontt CR, Kargbo SK, Khalid A, Ashraf S, Mouti S, Dai X, Unwin D, Bohn J, Goldberg L, Golubic R, Ray S. A synthesis of pathways linking diet, metabolic risk and cardiovascular disease: a framework to guide further research and approaches to evidence-based practice. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:232-258. [PMID: 34839838 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422421000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common non-communicable disease occurring globally. Although previous literature has provided useful insights into the important role that diet plays in CVD prevention and treatment, understanding the causal role of diets is a difficult task considering inherent and introduced weaknesses of observational (e.g. not properly addressing confounders and mediators) and experimental research designs (e.g. not appropriate or well designed). In this narrative review, we organised current evidence linking diet, as well as conventional and emerging physiological risk factors, with CVD risk, incidence and mortality in a series of diagrams. The diagrams presented can aid causal inference studies as they provide a visual representation of the types of studies underlying the associations between potential risk markers/factors for CVD. This may facilitate the selection of variables to be considered and the creation of analytical models. Evidence depicted in the diagrams was systematically collected from studies included in the British Nutrition Task Force report on diet and CVD and database searches, including Medline and Embase. Although several markers and disorders linked to conventional and emerging risk factors for CVD were identified, the causal link between many remains unknown. There is a need to address the multifactorial nature of CVD and the complex interplay between conventional and emerging risk factors with natural and built environments, while bringing the life course into the spotlight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke Buckner
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ali Khalid
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sammyia Ashraf
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Saad Mouti
- University of California Berkeley, Consortium for Data Analytics in Risk, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xiaowu Dai
- University of California Berkeley, Consortium for Data Analytics in Risk, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Bohn
- University of California Berkeley, Consortium for Data Analytics in Risk, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Swiss Re Institute, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Goldberg
- University of California Berkeley, Consortium for Data Analytics in Risk, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rajna Golubic
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK
- University of Ulster, School of Biomedical Sciences, Coleraine, UK
- University of Cambridge, School of the Humanities and Social Sciences, Cambridge, UK
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Malloggi E, Santarcangelo EL. Physiological Correlates of Hypnotizability: Hypnotic Behaviour and Prognostic Role in Medicine. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1632. [PMID: 38137080 PMCID: PMC10742099 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in the field of experimental hypnosis highlighted the role of hypnotizability in the physiological variability of the general population. It is associated, in fact, with a few differences which are observable in the ordinary state of consciousness and in the absence of suggestions. The aim of the present scoping review is summarizing them and indicate their relevance to the neural mechanisms of hypnosis and to the prognosis and treatment of a few medical conditions. Individuals with high, medium and low hypnotizability scores display different cerebral functional differences-i.e., functional equivalence between imagery and perception/action, excitability of the motor cortex, interoceptive accuracy-possibly related to brain structural and functional characteristics, and different control of blood supply at peripheral and cerebral level, likely due to different availability of endothelial nitric oxide. These differences are reviewed to support the idea of their participation in hypnotic behaviour and to indicate their prognostic and therapeutic usefulness in a few medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Malloggi
- Department Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Enrica L. Santarcangelo
- Department Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
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Badescu MC, Badulescu OV, Costache AD, Mitu O, Lupu VV, Dmour BA, Lupu A, Foia LG, Costache II, Rezus C. Atherosclerosis in Patients with Congenital Hemophilia: A Focus on Peripheral Artery Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2221. [PMID: 38004361 PMCID: PMC10672485 DOI: 10.3390/life13112221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in the treatment of hemophilia have increased the life expectancy of this population and we are currently facing diseases associated with aging, including cardiovascular ones. Coronary atherosclerosis, with acute myocardial infarction as the most severe form of manifestation, has been recognized as part of the comorbidities of hemophiliacs. However, little is known about peripheral artery disease. Available data show that hemophiliacs have cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis similar to the general population. Impaired thrombus formation and phenotype of atheroma plaque rather than the burden of atherosclerosis explains their lower cardiovascular mortality. Since the effect of traditional cardiovascular risk factors overpowers that of decreased coagulability and promotes the onset and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, screening for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and peripheral artery disease should be integrated into standard hemophilia care. There is evidence that invasive treatments and long-term antithrombotic therapy are generally safe, provided that coagulation factor levels are taken into account and replacement therapy is given when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (O.M.); (B.-A.D.); (I.-I.C.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Viola Badulescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Hematology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dan Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (O.M.); (B.-A.D.); (I.-I.C.); (C.R.)
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Mitu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (O.M.); (B.-A.D.); (I.-I.C.); (C.R.)
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.L.)
| | - Bianca-Ana Dmour
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (O.M.); (B.-A.D.); (I.-I.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.L.)
| | - Liliana Georgeta Foia
- Department of Biochemistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (O.M.); (B.-A.D.); (I.-I.C.); (C.R.)
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (O.M.); (B.-A.D.); (I.-I.C.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Rajai N, Toya T, Sara JD, Rajotia A, Lopez-Jimenez F, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Prognostic value of peripheral endothelial function on major adverse cardiovascular events above traditional risk factors. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1781-1788. [PMID: 37431927 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to identify whether adding peripheral microvascular dysfunction (PMED), a marker of atherosclerosis to established risk scores has an incremental prognostic value for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). METHODS AND RESULTS This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent measuring peripheral arterial tonometry from 2006 to 2020. The optimal cut-off value of the reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) that had maximal prognostic value associated with MACE was calculated. Peripheral microvascular endothelial dysfunction was defined as the RHI lower than the cut-off. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and vascular disease were determined to calculate the CHA2DS2-Vasc score. The outcome was MACE defined as myocardial infarction, heart failure hospitalization, cerebrovascular events, and all-cause mortality. A total of 1460 patients were enrolled (average age 51.4 ± 13.6, 64.1% female). The optimal cut-off value of the RHI was 1.83 in the overall population and in females and males was 1.61 and 1.8, respectively. The risk of MACE during 7 [interquartile range (IQR): 5,11] years of follow-up was 11.2%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that lower RHI is associated with worse MACE-free survival (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, controlling for classic cardiovascular risk factors or risk scores such as CHA2DS2-Vasc and Framingham risk score revealed that PMED is an independent predictor of MACE. CONCLUSION Peripheral microvascular dysfunction predicts cardiovascular events. Non-invasive assessment of peripheral endothelial function may be useful in early detection and improving the stratification of high-risk patients for cardiovascular events. LAY SUMMARY KEY FINDINGS
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Rajai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Takumi Toya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Division of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jaskanwal D Sara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Arush Rajotia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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Allbritton-King JD, García-Cardeña G. Endothelial cell dysfunction in cardiac disease: driver or consequence? Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1278166. [PMID: 37965580 PMCID: PMC10642230 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1278166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a multifunctional cellular system which directly influences blood components and cells within the vessel wall in a given tissue. Importantly, this cellular interface undergoes critical phenotypic changes in response to various biochemical and hemodynamic stimuli, driving several developmental and pathophysiological processes. Multiple studies have indicated a central role of the endothelium in the initiation, progression, and clinical outcomes of cardiac disease. In this review we synthesize the current understanding of endothelial function and dysfunction as mediators of the cardiomyocyte phenotype in the setting of distinct cardiac pathologies; outline existing in vivo and in vitro models where key features of endothelial cell dysfunction can be recapitulated; and discuss future directions for development of endothelium-targeted therapeutics for cardiac diseases with limited existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules D. Allbritton-King
- Department of Pathology, Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Department of Pathology, Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Mclaughlin M, Sanal-Hayes NEM, Hayes LD, Berry EC, Sculthorpe NF. People with Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Exhibit Similarly Impaired Vascular Function. Am J Med 2023:S0002-9343(23)00609-5. [PMID: 37832757 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare flow-mediated dilation values between individuals with long COVID, individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and healthy age-matched controls to assess the potential implications for clinical management and long-term health outcomes. METHODS A case-case-control approach was employed, and flow-mediated dilation measurements were obtained from 51 participants (17 long COVID patients, 17 ME/CFS patients, and 17 healthy age-matched controls). Flow-mediated dilation values were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance for between-group comparisons. RESULTS Results revealed significantly impaired endothelial function in both long COVID and ME/CFS groups compared with healthy age-matched controls as determined by maximum % brachial artery diameter post-occlusion compared with pre-occlusion resting diameter (6.99 ± 4.33% and 6.60 ± 3.48% vs 11.30 ± 4.44%, respectively, both P < .05). Notably, there was no difference in flow-mediated dilation between long COVID and ME/CFS groups (P = .949), despite significantly longer illness duration in the ME/CFS group (ME/CFS: 16 ± 11.15 years vs long COVID: 1.36 ± 0.51 years, P < .0001). CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that both long COVID and ME/CFS patients exhibit similarly impaired endothelial function, indicating potential vascular involvement in the pathogenesis of these post-viral illnesses. The significant reduction in flow-mediated dilation values suggests an increased cardiovascular risk in these populations, warranting careful monitoring and the development of targeted interventions to improve endothelial function and mitigate long-term health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Mclaughlin
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom; School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, United Kingdom.
| | - Nilihan E M Sanal-Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom; School of Health and Society, University of Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence D Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ethan C Berry
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas F Sculthorpe
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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40
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Favre J, Roy C, Guihot AL, Drouin A, Laprise M, Gillis MA, Robson SC, Thorin E, Sévigny J, Henrion D, Kauffenstein G. NTPDase1/CD39 Ectonucleotidase Is Necessary for Normal Arterial Diameter Adaptation to Flow. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15038. [PMID: 37894719 PMCID: PMC10606763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NTPDase1/CD39, the major vascular ectonucleotidase, exerts thrombo-immunoregulatory function by controlling endothelial P2 receptor activation. Despite the well-described release of ATP from endothelial cells, few data are available regarding the potential role of CD39 as a regulator of arterial diameter. We thus investigated the contribution of CD39 in short-term diameter adaptation and long-term arterial remodeling in response to flow using Entpd1-/- male mice. Compared to wild-type littermates, endothelial-dependent relaxation was modified in Entpd1-/- mice. Specifically, the vasorelaxation in response to ATP was potentiated in both conductance (aorta) and small resistance (mesenteric and coronary) arteries. By contrast, the relaxing responses to acetylcholine were supra-normalized in thoracic aortas while decreased in resistance arteries from Entpd1-/- mice. Acute flow-mediated dilation, measured via pressure myography, was dramatically diminished and outward remodeling induced by in vivo chronic increased shear stress was altered in the mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from Entpd1-/- mice compared to wild-types. Finally, changes in vascular reactivity in Entpd1-/- mice were also evidenced by a decrease in the coronary output measured in isolated perfused hearts compared to the wild-type mice. Our results highlight a key regulatory role for purinergic signaling and CD39 in endothelium-dependent short- and long-term arterial diameter adaptation to increased flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Favre
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Charlotte Roy
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Anne-Laure Guihot
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Annick Drouin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Manon Laprise
- Animal Physiology Service, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
| | - Marc-Antoine Gillis
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eric Thorin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et D’immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Henrion
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Gilles Kauffenstein
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
- INSERM UMR 1260—Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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41
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Bianchini E, Guala A, Golemati S, Alastruey J, Climie RE, Dalakleidi K, Francesconi M, Fuchs D, Hartman Y, Malik AEF, Makūnaitė M, Nikita KS, Park C, Pugh CJA, Šatrauskienė A, Terentes-Printizios D, Teynor A, Thijssen D, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Zupkauskienė J, Boutouyrie P, Bruno RM, Reesink KD. The Ultrasound Window Into Vascular Ageing: A Technology Review by the VascAgeNet COST Action. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2023; 42:2183-2213. [PMID: 37148467 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive ultrasound (US) imaging enables the assessment of the properties of superficial blood vessels. Various modes can be used for vascular characteristics analysis, ranging from radiofrequency (RF) data, Doppler- and standard B/M-mode imaging, to more recent ultra-high frequency and ultrafast techniques. The aim of the present work was to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art non-invasive US technologies and corresponding vascular ageing characteristics from a technological perspective. Following an introduction about the basic concepts of the US technique, the characteristics considered in this review are clustered into: 1) vessel wall structure; 2) dynamic elastic properties, and 3) reactive vessel properties. The overview shows that ultrasound is a versatile, non-invasive, and safe imaging technique that can be adopted for obtaining information about function, structure, and reactivity in superficial arteries. The most suitable setting for a specific application must be selected according to spatial and temporal resolution requirements. The usefulness of standardization in the validation process and performance metric adoption emerges. Computer-based techniques should always be preferred to manual measures, as long as the algorithms and learning procedures are transparent and well described, and the performance leads to better results. Identification of a minimal clinically important difference is a crucial point for drawing conclusions regarding robustness of the techniques and for the translation into practice of any biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Guala
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Spyretta Golemati
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jordi Alastruey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel E Climie
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Université de Paris, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou - APHP, Paris, France
| | - Kalliopi Dalakleidi
- Biomedical Simulations and Imaging (BIOSIM) Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Martina Francesconi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dieter Fuchs
- Fujifilm VisualSonics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Hartman
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Afrah E F Malik
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases and Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Makūnaitė
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Konstantina S Nikita
- Biomedical Simulations and Imaging (BIOSIM) Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chloe Park
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher J A Pugh
- Cardiff School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Agnė Šatrauskienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre of Cardiology and Angiology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printizios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Teynor
- Faculty of Computer Science, Augsburg University of Applied Sciences, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Dick Thijssen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jūratė Zupkauskienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Université de Paris, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou - APHP, Paris, France
| | - Rosa Maria Bruno
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Université de Paris, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou - APHP, Paris, France
| | - Koen D Reesink
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases and Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Hokimoto S, Kaikita K, Yasuda S, Tsujita K, Ishihara M, Matoba T, Matsuzawa Y, Mitsutake Y, Mitani Y, Murohara T, Noda T, Node K, Noguchi T, Suzuki H, Takahashi J, Tanabe Y, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Teragawa H, Yasu T, Yoshimura M, Asaumi Y, Godo S, Ikenaga H, Imanaka T, Ishibashi K, Ishii M, Ishihara T, Matsuura Y, Miura H, Nakano Y, Ogawa T, Shiroto T, Soejima H, Takagi R, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Taruya A, Tsuda E, Wakabayashi K, Yokoi K, Minamino T, Nakagawa Y, Sueda S, Shimokawa H, Ogawa H. JCS/CVIT/JCC 2023 guideline focused update on diagnosis and treatment of vasospastic angina (coronary spastic angina) and coronary microvascular dysfunction. J Cardiol 2023; 82:293-341. [PMID: 37597878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Masaharu Ishihara
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yasushi Matsuzawa
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Mitsutake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Noda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Teruo Noguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Niigata Prefectural Shibata Hospital, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tanaka
- Division of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teragawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, JR Hiroshima Hospital, Japan
| | - Takanori Yasu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Asaumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan
| | - Shigeo Godo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikenaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Japan
| | - Takahiro Imanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Japan
| | - Kohei Ishibashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan
| | - Masanobu Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | | | - Yunosuke Matsuura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogawa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiroto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Ryu Takagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, JR Hiroshima Hospital, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Akira Taruya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Etsuko Tsuda
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Japan
| | - Kohei Wakabayashi
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, Japan
| | - Kensuke Yokoi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Toru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Shozo Sueda
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Xiao K, Si J, Zhang H, Sun L, Miao Z, Zhao T, Sun J, Sun X, Liu Z, Gao J, Zhao J, Chu X, Li J. The incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with low and moderate cardiovascular risk. Clin Cardiol 2023; 46:1260-1267. [PMID: 37522647 PMCID: PMC10577528 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiovascular risk models and subclinical atherosclerotic indicators are both recommended for cardiovascular risk stratification. The accordance between the incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis and subjects with low and moderate cardiovascular risk is unclear. HYPOTHESIS Subjects with low and moderate cardiovascular risk have a lower incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis compared with subjects with high risk. METHODS Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (BFMD) were measured in 421 subjects without a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) from October 2016 to January 2020. All subjects were classified into low, moderate, and high risk based on Framingham and China-par risk models respectively. RESULTS Mean age was 57.05 ± 9.35 years and 248 (58.9%) were male. In subjects with low, moderate, and high risk assessed by Framingham and China-par risk models, the percentage of abnormal BaPWV ( > 1400 cm/s) was 42.9%, 70.1%, 85.7%, and 40.4%, 71.4%, 89.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, the percentage of abnormal BFMD ( ≤ 7%) was 43.8%, 68.5%, 77.3%, and 44.9%,72.1%, and 76.6%. According to Framingham-based high-risk categories, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity and specificity for BaPWV abnormality were 85.7%, 39.4%, 36.1%, and 87.5%, respectively. For BFMD abnormality, the values were 77.3%, 40.1%, 34.1%, and 81.8%, respectively. According to China-par high-risk categories, the values for BaPWV abnormality were 89.7%, 43.8%, 45.6%, and 89.0%, respectively. For BFMD abnormality, the values were 76.6%, 41.3%, 40.7%, and 77%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, age and blood pressure were the independent predictors for subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with low-moderate risk. CONCLUSIONS More than one-half of subjects with low and moderate risk already have detectable subclinical atherosclerosis, indicating higher cardiovascular risk beyond the traditional stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of CardiologyChui Yang Liu Hospital affiliated to Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Keling Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Jin Si
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Lijie Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Zupei Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Jinghao Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Xipeng Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing Zhao
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu hospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xi Chu
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu hospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina
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44
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Pinto AJ, Bergouignan A, Dempsey PC, Roschel H, Owen N, Gualano B, Dunstan DW. Physiology of sedentary behavior. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2561-2622. [PMID: 37326297 PMCID: PMC10625842 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors (SB) are characterized by low energy expenditure while in a sitting or reclining posture. Evidence relevant to understanding the physiology of SB can be derived from studies employing several experimental models: bed rest, immobilization, reduced step count, and reducing/interrupting prolonged SB. We examine the relevant physiological evidence relating to body weight and energy balance, intermediary metabolism, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the musculoskeletal system, the central nervous system, and immunity and inflammatory responses. Excessive and prolonged SB can lead to insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, shift in substrate use toward carbohydrate oxidation, shift in muscle fiber from oxidative to glycolytic type, reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, loss of muscle mass and strength and bone mass, and increased total body fat mass and visceral fat depot, blood lipid concentrations, and inflammation. Despite marked differences across individual studies, longer term interventions aimed at reducing/interrupting SB have resulted in small, albeit marginally clinically meaningful, benefits on body weight, waist circumference, percent body fat, fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c and HDL concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and vascular function in adults and older adults. There is more limited evidence for other health-related outcomes and physiological systems and for children and adolescents. Future research should focus on the investigation of molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning adaptations to increasing and reducing/interrupting SB and the necessary changes in SB and physical activity to impact physiological systems and overall health in diverse population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Pinto
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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45
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Ambrosino P, Di Minno MND, D'Anna SE, Formisano R, Pappone N, Mancusi C, Molino A, Motta A, Maniscalco M. Pulmonary rehabilitation and endothelial function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A prospective cohort study. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 116:96-105. [PMID: 37349204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction, thereby leading to increased cardiovascular risk. In the present study, we evaluated the changes in endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in a cohort of severe COPD patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation. METHODS Consecutive COPD patients referred to our Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit were screened for inclusion. All study procedures were performed at hospital admission and discharge. RESULTS Of 78 patients screened for eligibility, a total of 40 participants (67.5% males, median age 72.5 years) were included. After pulmonary rehabilitation, a significant improvement in functional parameters, exercise capacity, and measures of disability and quality of life were documented. FMD changed from 3.25% (IQR: 2.31-4.26) to 4.95% (IQR: 3.57-6.02), corresponding to a 52.3% increase of its median value (P < 0.001). Significantly lower changes in FMD were documented in COPD patients with hypercholesterolemia as compared to those without (+0.33% ± 1.61 vs. +1.62% ± 1.59, P = 0.037). Changes in FMD (ΔFMD) were positively associated with changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), when expressed both as absolute values (ΔFEV1) (r = 0.503, P = 0.002) and as percentages of predicted values (ΔFEV1%) (r = 0.608; P < 0.001). In multiple linear regressions, after adjusting for major cardiovascular risk factors, ΔFEV1 (β=0.342; P = 0.049) and ΔFEV1% (β=0.480; P = 0.015) were both confirmed as independent predictors of ΔFMD. CONCLUSIONS Results of our study suggest that endothelial function may improve in COPD after pulmonary rehabilitation. The potential beneficial effect in terms of cardiovascular risk prevention should be evaluated in ad hoc designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Ambrosino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Directorate of Telese Terme Institute, Italy
| | | | - Silvestro Ennio D'Anna
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Italy
| | - Roberto Formisano
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Italy
| | - Nicola Pappone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Italy
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Italy.
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46
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Amato M, Lupi SM, Polizzi A, Santonocito S, Viglianisi G, Cicciù M, Isola G. New Trends in the Impact of Periodontal Treatment on Early Cardiovascular Diseases Outcomes: Insights and Future Perspectives. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:287. [PMID: 39077574 PMCID: PMC11273151 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2410287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent the primary worldwide cause of mortality, and periodontitis is the main cause of tooth loss. The incidence of atherosclerotic disease has been reported to be higher in individuals affected by periodontitis than in individuals without, regardless of many common risk factors are present. Various pathogenetic models have been presented to clarify the close correlation between these two diseases. First, periodontal bacteria and their toxins can enter the circulation both during dental procedures and normal activities such as eating and teeth brushing. Periodontal bacteria may indirectly contribute to coronary artery disease (e.g., by causing immunological reactions) or directly by damaging coronary arteries. Periodontal treatment significantly reduces periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) or Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in deep periodontal pockets. Moreover, periodontal treatment may lower blood inflammatory mediators, enhance the lipid profile, and cause favourable changes in various surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease. The way in which oral bacteremia and periodontal inflammation cause atherosclerosis is still unclear and needs further studies. The real effectiveness of periodontal treatment in preventing cardiovascular events is a topic of current interest. In this regard, this review article explores new insights and provides an indication of future directions on the function of periodontal inflammation and oral bacteria in the incidence and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, with the main focus on assessing the impact of periodontal treatment on cardiovascular disease outcome biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Amato
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of
Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Saturnino Marco Lupi
- Department of Clinico-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, School
of Dentistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of
Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of
Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaia Viglianisi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of
Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of
Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of
Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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47
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Murray EC, Delles C, Orzechowski P, Renc P, Sitek A, Wagenaar J, Guzik TJ. Vascular phenotypes in early hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:898-906. [PMID: 36528682 PMCID: PMC9758678 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The study characterises vascular phenotypes of hypertensive patients utilising machine learning approaches. Newly diagnosed and treatment-naïve primary hypertensive patients without co-morbidities (aged 18-55, n = 73), and matched normotensive controls (n = 79) were recruited (NCT04015635). Blood pressure (BP) and BP variability were determined using 24 h ambulatory monitoring. Vascular phenotyping included SphygmoCor® measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV), pulse wave analysis-derived augmentation index (PWA-AIx), and central BP; EndoPAT™-2000® provided reactive hyperaemia index (LnRHI) and augmentation index adjusted to heart rate of 75bpm. Ultrasound was used to analyse flow mediated dilatation and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). In addition to standard statistical methods to compare normotensive and hypertensive groups, machine learning techniques including biclustering explored hypertensive phenotypic subgroups. We report that arterial stiffness (PWV, PWA-AIx, EndoPAT-2000-derived AI@75) and central pressures were greater in incident hypertension than normotension. Endothelial function, percent nocturnal dip, and CIMT did not differ between groups. The vascular phenotype of white-coat hypertension imitated sustained hypertension with elevated arterial stiffness and central pressure; masked hypertension demonstrating values similar to normotension. Machine learning revealed three distinct hypertension clusters, representing 'arterially stiffened', 'vaso-protected', and 'non-dipper' patients. Key clustering features were nocturnal- and central-BP, percent dipping, and arterial stiffness measures. We conclude that untreated patients with primary hypertension demonstrate early arterial stiffening rather than endothelial dysfunction or CIMT alterations. Phenotypic heterogeneity in nocturnal and central BP, percent dipping, and arterial stiffness observed early in the course of disease may have implications for risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor C Murray
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Christian Delles
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Patryk Orzechowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Automatics and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pawel Renc
- Sano Centre for Computational Science, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Sitek
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joost Wagenaar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Medicine and Omicron Functional Genomics Laboratory, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland.
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48
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Patterson PD, Friedman JC, Ding S, Miller RS, Martin-Gill C, Hostler D, Platt TE. Acute Effect of Night Shift Work on Endothelial Function with and without Naps: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6864. [PMID: 37835134 PMCID: PMC10572584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined the breadth and depth of the current evidence investigating napping/sleeping during night shift work and its impact on non-invasive measures of endothelial function. We used a scoping review study design and searched five databases: Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Ovid APA PsycInfo, Web of Science Core Collection, and EBSCO CINAHL. We limited our search to English language and publications from January 1980 to September 2022. Our reporting adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidance for scoping reviews. Our search strategy yielded 1949 records (titles and abstracts) after deduplication, of which 36 were retained for full-text review. Five articles were retained, describing three observational and two experimental research studies with a total sample of 110 individuals, which examined the non-invasive indicators of endothelial function in relation to the exposure to night shift work. While there is some evidence of an effect of night shift work on the non-invasive indicators of endothelial function, this evidence is incomplete, limited to a small samples of shift workers, and is mostly restricted to one measurement technique for assessing endothelial function with diverse protocols. In addition, there is no identifiable research investigating the potential benefits of napping during night shift work on non-invasive measures of endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D. Patterson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Community Health Services and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jacob C. Friedman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Community Health Services and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Samuel Ding
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Community Health Services and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Rebekah S. Miller
- Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Christian Martin-Gill
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - David Hostler
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Thomas E. Platt
- Department of Community Health Services and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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49
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Drożdż D, Drożdż M, Wójcik M. Endothelial dysfunction as a factor leading to arterial hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:2973-2985. [PMID: 36409370 PMCID: PMC10432334 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension remains the main cause of cardiovascular complications leading to increased mortality. The discoveries of recent years underline the important role of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in initiating the development of arterial hypertension. The endothelium lines the interior of the entire vascular system in the body and acts as a physical barrier between blood and tissues. Substances and mediators produced by the endothelium exhibit antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxidative stress and inflammation are conditions that damage the endothelium and shift endothelial function from vasoprotective to vasoconstrictive, prothrombotic, and pro-apoptotic functions. A dysfunctional endothelium contributes to the development of hypertension and further cardiovascular complications. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of ED-associated hypertension. New technologies provide tools to identify pathological changes in the structure and function of the endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) contributes to the development of arterial hypertension and should be considered in therapeutic strategies for children with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Drożdż
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Drożdż
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wójcik
- Deapartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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50
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Climie RE, Alastruey J, Mayer CC, Schwarz A, Laucyte-Cibulskiene A, Voicehovska J, Bianchini E, Bruno RM, Charlton PH, Grillo A, Guala A, Hallab M, Hametner B, Jankowski P, Königstein K, Lebedeva A, Mozos I, Pucci G, Puzantian H, Terentes-Printzios D, Yetik-Anacak G, Park C, Nilsson PM, Weber T. Vascular ageing: moving from bench towards bedside. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1101-1117. [PMID: 36738307 PMCID: PMC7614971 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the largest public health challenges of our time. Identifying individuals at increased cardiovascular risk at an asymptomatic, sub-clinical stage is of paramount importance for minimizing disease progression as well as the substantial health and economic burden associated with overt CVD. Vascular ageing (VA) involves the deterioration in vascular structure and function over time and ultimately leads to damage in the heart, brain, kidney, and other organs. Vascular ageing encompasses the cumulative effect of all cardiovascular risk factors on the arterial wall over the life course and thus may help identify those at elevated cardiovascular risk, early in disease development. Although the concept of VA is gaining interest clinically, it is seldom measured in routine clinical practice due to lack of consensus on how to characterize VA as physiological vs. pathological and various practical issues. In this state-of-the-art review and as a network of scientists, clinicians, engineers, and industry partners with expertise in VA, we address six questions related to VA in an attempt to increase knowledge among the broader medical community and move the routine measurement of VA a little closer from bench towards bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Climie
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, 7000 Hobart, Australia
- Sports Cardiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3000, Australia
- Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jordi Alastruey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 249 Westminster Bridge Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Christopher C. Mayer
- Medical Signal Analysis, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Achim Schwarz
- ALF Distribution GmbH, Stephanstrasse 19, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Agne Laucyte-Cibulskiene
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Sölvegatan 19 - BMC F12, 221 84 Lund, Malmö, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. C iurlionio g. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Julija Voicehovska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema str. 16, Riga, L-1007, Latvia
- Nephrology and Renal Replacement Therapy Clinics, Riga East University Hospital, Hipokrata str. 2, Riga, LV-1079, Latvia
| | - Elisabetta Bianchini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa (PI), Italy
| | - Rosa-Maria Bruno
- Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Peter H. Charlton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, 2 Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrea Grillo
- Medicina Clinica, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Guala
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Paseo de la Vall d’Hebron, 129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magid Hallab
- Clinique Bizet, 23 Georges Bizet, 75116 Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Hametner
- Medical Signal Analysis, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Piotr Jankowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 231 Czerniakowska St., 00-416 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karsten Königstein
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health (DSBG) University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Lebedeva
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Dresden Heart Centre, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscher str. 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences-Pathophysiology, Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, T. Vladimirescu Street 14, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy
| | - Houry Puzantian
- Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Gunay Yetik-Anacak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Kayisdagi Cad. No:32 Atasehir, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chloe Park
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK; and
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Sölvegatan 19 - BMC F12, 221 84 Lund, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Weber
- Cardiology Department, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Grieskirchnerstrasse 42, 4600 Wels, Austria
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