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Schwab AD, Wyatt TA, Nelson AJ, Gleason A, Gaurav R, Romberger DJ, Poole JA. Lung-delivered IL-10 therapy elicits beneficial effects via immune modulation in organic dust exposure-induced lung inflammation. J Immunotoxicol 2024; 21:2332172. [PMID: 38563602 PMCID: PMC11137733 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2024.2332172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficacious therapeutic options capable of resolving inflammatory lung disease associated with environmental and occupational exposures are lacking. This study sought to determine the preclinical therapeutic potential of lung-delivered recombinant interleukin (IL)-10 therapy following acute organic dust exposure in mice. Here, C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally instilled with swine confinement organic dust extract (ODE) (12.5%, 25%, 50% concentrations) with IL-10 (1 μg) treatment or vehicle control intratracheally-administered three times: 5 hr post-exposure and then daily for 2 days. The results showed that IL-10 treatment reduced ODE (25%)-induced weight loss by 66% and 46% at Day 1 and Day 2 post-exposure, respectively. IL-10 treatment reduced ODE (25%, 50%)-induced lung levels of TNFα (-76%, -83% [reduction], respectively), neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 (-51%, -60%), and lavage fluid IL-6 (-84%, -89%). IL-10 treatment reduced ODE (25%, 50%)-induced lung neutrophils (-49%, -70%) and recruited CD11cintCD11b+ monocyte-macrophages (-49%, -70%). IL-10 therapy reduced ODE-associated expression of antigen presentation (MHC Class II, CD80, CD86) and inflammatory (Ly6C) markers and increased anti-inflammatory CD206 expression on CD11cintCD11b+ cells. ODE (12.5%, 25%)-induced lung pathology was also reduced with IL-10 therapy. In conclusion, the studies here showed that short-term, lung-delivered IL-10 treatment induced a beneficial response in reducing inflammatory consequences (that were also associated with striking reduction in recruited monocyte-macrophages) following acute complex organic dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Schwab
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Amy J. Nelson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Angela Gleason
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Rohit Gaurav
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Debra J. Romberger
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jill A. Poole
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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2
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Magnen M, You R, Rao AA, Davis RT, Rodriguez L, Bernard O, Simoneau CR, Hysenaj L, Hu KH, Maishan M, Conrad C, Gbenedio OM, Samad B, Consortium TUCSFCOMET, Love C, Woodruff PG, Erle DJ, Hendrickson CM, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Roose JP, Sil A, Ott M, Langelier CR, Krummel MF, Looney MR. Immediate myeloid depot for SARS-CoV-2 in the human lung. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm8836. [PMID: 39083602 PMCID: PMC11290487 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm8836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, epithelial populations in the distal lung expressing Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are infrequent, and therefore, the model of viral expansion and immune cell engagement remains incompletely understood. Using human lungs to investigate early host-viral pathogenesis, we found that SARS-CoV-2 had a rapid and specific tropism for myeloid populations. Human alveolar macrophages (AMs) reliably expressed ACE2 allowing both spike-ACE2-dependent viral entry and infection. In contrast to Influenza A virus, SARS-CoV-2 infection of AMs was productive, amplifying viral titers. While AMs generated new viruses, the interferon responses to SARS-CoV-2 were muted, hiding the viral dissemination from specific antiviral immune responses. The reliable and veiled viral depot in myeloid cells in the very early phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lungs enables viral expansion in the distal lung and potentially licenses subsequent immune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélia Magnen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ran You
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Arjun A. Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ryan T. Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lauren Rodriguez
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Olivier Bernard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Camille R. Simoneau
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisiena Hysenaj
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mazharul Maishan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Catharina Conrad
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Oghenekevwe M. Gbenedio
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bushra Samad
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - The UCSF COMET Consortium
- All UCSF COMET Consortium collaborators are affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christina Love
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Prescott G. Woodruff
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David J. Erle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Carolyn M. Hendrickson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Carolyn S. Calfee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeroen P. Roose
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anita Sil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Melanie Ott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Charles R. Langelier
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matthew F. Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark R. Looney
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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3
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Ammarah U, Pereira‐Nunes A, Delfini M, Mazzone M. From monocyte-derived macrophages to resident macrophages-how metabolism leads their way in cancer. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:1739-1758. [PMID: 38411356 PMCID: PMC11223613 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells that play key roles during both homeostasis and disease. Depending on the microenvironmental cues sensed in different tissues, macrophages are known to acquire specific phenotypes and exhibit unique features that, ultimately, orchestrate tissue homeostasis, defense, and repair. Within the tumor microenvironment, macrophages are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and constitute a heterogeneous population. Like their tissue resident counterpart, TAMs are plastic and can switch function and phenotype according to the niche-derived stimuli sensed. While changes in TAM phenotype are known to be accompanied by adaptive alterations in their cell metabolism, it is reported that metabolic reprogramming of macrophages can dictate their activation state and function. In line with these observations, recent research efforts have been focused on defining the metabolic traits of TAM subsets in different tumor malignancies and understanding their role in cancer progression and metastasis formation. This knowledge will pave the way to novel therapeutic strategies tailored to cancer subtype-specific metabolic landscapes. This review outlines the metabolic characteristics of distinct TAM subsets and their implications in tumorigenesis across multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummi Ammarah
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology CentreUniversity of TorinoItaly
| | - Andreia Pereira‐Nunes
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
- ICVS/3B's‐PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Marcello Delfini
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
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4
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Randall EM, Sopp P, Raper A, Dry I, Burdon T, Hope JC, Waddell LA. Phenotypic characterisation of bovine alveolar macrophages reveals two major subsets with differential expression of CD163. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14974. [PMID: 38951667 PMCID: PMC11217380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine alveolar macrophages (AMs) defend the lungs against pathogens such as Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. However, little is known about the surface molecules expressed by bovine AMs and whether there is heterogeneity within the population. The purpose of this study was to characterise the bovine AM cell surface phenotype using flow cytometry. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples from four different calves were stained with a combination of antibodies against immune cell molecules prior to flow cytometric analysis. To assess the degree of expression, we considered the distribution and relative intensities of stained and unstained cells. We demonstrated that bovine AMs have high expression of CD172a, ADGRE1, CD206, and CD14, moderate expression of CD80, MHC II, CD1b, and CD40, low expression of CX3CR1 and CD86, and little or no expression of CD16 and CD26. Two distinct subsets of bovine AMs were identified based on CD163 expression. Subsequent analysis showed that the CD163+ subset had greater expression of other typical macrophage molecules compared to the CD163- subset, suggesting that these cells may perform different roles during infection. The characterisation of the uninfected bovine AM phenotype will provide a foundation for the examination of M. bovis-infected AMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Sopp
- MRC Weatherall Institute for Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DS, UK
| | - Anna Raper
- The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Inga Dry
- The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Tom Burdon
- The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jayne C Hope
- The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK.
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5
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Kim GD, Lim EY, Shin HS. Macrophage Polarization and Functions in Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5631. [PMID: 38891820 PMCID: PMC11172060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the major leading cause of mortality worldwide, is a progressive and irreversible respiratory condition characterized by peripheral airway and lung parenchymal inflammation, accompanied by fibrosis, emphysema, and airflow limitation, and has multiple etiologies, including genetic variance, air pollution, and repetitive exposure to harmful substances. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of COPD have not been identified. Recent multiomics-based evidence suggests that the plasticity of alveolar macrophages contributes to the onset and progression of COPD through the coordinated modulation of numerous transcription factors. Therefore, this review focuses on understanding the mechanisms and functions of macrophage polarization that regulate lung homeostasis in COPD. These findings may provide a better insight into the distinct role of macrophages in COPD pathogenesis and perspective for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (G.-D.K.); (E.Y.L.)
| | - Eun Yeong Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (G.-D.K.); (E.Y.L.)
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (G.-D.K.); (E.Y.L.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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6
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Pervizaj-Oruqaj L, Ferrero MR, Matt U, Herold S. The guardians of pulmonary harmony: alveolar macrophages orchestrating the symphony of lung inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230263. [PMID: 38811033 PMCID: PMC11134199 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0263-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in single-cell sequencing, advancements in cellular and tissue imaging techniques, innovations in cell lineage tracing, and insights into the epigenome collectively illuminate the enigmatic landscape of alveolar macrophages in the lung under homeostasis and disease conditions. Our current knowledge reveals the cellular and functional diversity of alveolar macrophages within the respiratory system, emphasising their remarkable adaptability. By synthesising insights from classical cell and developmental biology studies, we provide a comprehensive perspective on alveolar macrophage functional plasticity. This includes an examination of their ontology-related features, their role in maintaining tissue homeostasis under steady-state conditions and the distinct contribution of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in promoting tissue regeneration and restoring respiratory system homeostasis in response to injuries. Elucidating the signalling pathways within inflammatory conditions, the impact of various triggers on tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs), as well as the recruitment and polarisation of macrophages originating from the bone marrow, presents an opportunity to propose innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the equilibrium between phenotypes to induce programmes associated with a pro-regenerative or homeostasis phenotype of BMDMs or TR-AMs. This, in turn, can lead to the amelioration of disease outcomes and the attenuation of detrimental inflammation. This review comprehensively addresses the pivotal role of macrophages in the orchestration of inflammation and resolution phases after lung injury, as well as ageing-related shifts and the influence of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential mutations on alveolar macrophages, exploring altered signalling pathways and transcriptional profiles, with implications for respiratory homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Learta Pervizaj-Oruqaj
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ulrich Matt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
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7
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Barnes JL, Yoshida M, He P, Worlock KB, Lindeboom RGH, Suo C, Pett JP, Wilbrey-Clark A, Dann E, Mamanova L, Richardson L, Polanski K, Pennycuick A, Allen-Hyttinen J, Herczeg IT, Arzili R, Hynds RE, Teixeira VH, Haniffa M, Lim K, Sun D, Rawlins EL, Oliver AJ, Lyons PA, Marioni JC, Ruhrberg C, Tuong ZK, Clatworthy MR, Reading JL, Janes SM, Teichmann SA, Meyer KB, Nikolić MZ. Early human lung immune cell development and its role in epithelial cell fate. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadf9988. [PMID: 38100545 PMCID: PMC7615868 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adf9988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies of human lung development have focused on epithelial and mesenchymal cell types and function, but much less is known about the developing lung immune cells, even though the airways are a major site of mucosal immunity after birth. An unanswered question is whether tissue-resident immune cells play a role in shaping the tissue as it develops in utero. Here, we profiled human embryonic and fetal lung immune cells using scRNA-seq, smFISH, and immunohistochemistry. At the embryonic stage, we observed an early wave of innate immune cells, including innate lymphoid cells, natural killer cells, myeloid cells, and lineage progenitors. By the canalicular stage, we detected naive T lymphocytes expressing high levels of cytotoxicity genes and the presence of mature B lymphocytes, including B-1 cells. Our analysis suggests that fetal lungs provide a niche for full B cell maturation. Given the presence and diversity of immune cells during development, we also investigated their possible effect on epithelial maturation. We found that IL-1β drives epithelial progenitor exit from self-renewal and differentiation to basal cells in vitro. In vivo, IL-1β-producing myeloid cells were found throughout the lung and adjacent to epithelial tips, suggesting that immune cells may direct human lung epithelial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine L Barnes
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peng He
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kaylee B Worlock
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rik G H Lindeboom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chenqu Suo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Patrick Pett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Emma Dann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lira Mamanova
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Enhanc3D Genomics Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Richardson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Adam Pennycuick
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Iván T Herczeg
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Romina Arzili
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre Of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vitor H Teixeira
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Dermatology and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kyungtae Lim
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawei Sun
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma L Rawlins
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda J Oliver
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul A Lyons
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - John C Marioni
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Zewen Kelvin Tuong
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Ian Frazer Centre for Children's Immunotherapy Research, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - James L Reading
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre Of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Tumour Immunodynamics and Interception Laboratory, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre Of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Dermatology and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Physics/Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerstin B Meyer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marko Z Nikolić
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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8
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Welfley H, Kylat R, Zaghloul N, Halonen M, Martinez FD, Ahmed M, Cusanovich DA. Single-Cell Profiling of Premature Neonate Airways Reveals a Continuum of Myeloid Differentiation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:689-697. [PMID: 37643399 PMCID: PMC10704120 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0293oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell genomic technologies hold great potential to advance our understanding of lung development and disease. A major limitation lies in accessing intact cells from primary lung tissues for profiling human airway health. Sampling methods such as endotracheal aspiration that are compatible with clinical interventions could enable longitudinal studies, the enrollment of large cohorts, and the development of novel diagnostics. To explore single-cell RNA sequencing profiling of the cell types present at birth in the airway lumen of extremely premature neonates (<28 wk gestation), we isolated cells from endotracheal aspirates collected from intubated neonates within the first hour after birth. We generated data on 10 subjects, providing a rich view of airway luminal biology at a critical developmental period. Our results show that cells present in the airways of premature neonates primarily represent a continuum of myeloid differentiation, including fetal monocytes (25% of total), intermediate myeloid populations (48%), and macrophages (2.6%). Applying trajectory analysis to the myeloid populations, we identified two trajectories consistent with the developmental stages of interstitial and alveolar macrophages, as well as a third trajectory presenting an alternative pathway bridging the distinct macrophage precursors. The three trajectories share many dynamic genes (N = 5,451), but also have distinct transcriptional changes (259 alveolar-specific, 666 interstitial-specific, and 285 bridging-specific). Overall, our results define cells isolated within the so-called "golden hour of birth" in extremely premature neonate airways, representing complex lung biology, and can be used in studies of human development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranjit Kylat
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children’s Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Nahla Zaghloul
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children’s Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children’s Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Darren A. Cusanovich
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
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9
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Riihimäki M, Fegraeus K, Nordlund J, Waern I, Wernersson S, Akula S, Hellman L, Raine A. Single-cell transcriptomics delineates the immune cell landscape in equine lower airways and reveals upregulation of FKBP5 in horses with asthma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16261. [PMID: 37758813 PMCID: PMC10533524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine asthma (EA) is a heterogenous, complex disease, with a significant negative impact on horse welfare and performance. EA and human asthma share fundamental similarities, making EA a useful model for studying the disease. One relevant sample type for investigating chronic lung inflammation is bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), which provides a snapshot of the immune cells present in the alveolar space. To investigate the immune cell landscape of the respiratory tract in horses with mild-to-moderate equine asthma (mEA) and healthy controls, single-cell RNA sequencing was conducted on equine BALF cells. We characterized the major immune cell populations present in equine BALF, as well as subtypes thereof. Interestingly, the most significantly upregulated gene discovered in cases of mEA was FKBP5, a chaperone protein involved in regulating the activity of the glucocorticoid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia Riihimäki
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kim Fegraeus
- Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Nordlund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ida Waern
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Wernersson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Srinivas Akula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Hellman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amanda Raine
- Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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10
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Pokhreal D, Crestani B, Helou DG. Macrophage Implication in IPF: Updates on Immune, Epigenetic, and Metabolic Pathways. Cells 2023; 12:2193. [PMID: 37681924 PMCID: PMC10486697 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology with a poor prognosis. It is a chronic and progressive disease that has a distinct radiological and pathological pattern from common interstitial pneumonia. The use of immunosuppressive medication was shown to be completely ineffective in clinical trials, resulting in years of neglect of the immune component. However, recent developments in fundamental and translational science demonstrate that immune cells play a significant regulatory role in IPF, and macrophages appear to be among the most crucial. These highly plastic cells generate multiple growth factors and mediators that highly affect the initiation and progression of IPF. In this review, we will provide an update on the role of macrophages in IPF through a systemic discussion of various regulatory mechanisms involving immune receptors, cytokines, metabolism, and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Pokhreal
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
- FHU APOLLO, Service de Pneumologie A, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75877 Paris, France
| | - Doumet Georges Helou
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
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11
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Žaloudíková M. Mechanisms and Effects of Macrophage Polarization and Its Specifics in Pulmonary Environment. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S137-S156. [PMID: 37565418 PMCID: PMC10660583 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a specific group of cells found in all body tissues. They have specific characteristics in each of the tissues that correspond to the functional needs of the specific environment. These cells are involved in a wide range of processes, both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory ("wound healing"). This is due to their specific capacity for so-called polarization, a phenotypic change that is, moreover, partially reversible compared to other differentiated cells of the human body. This promises a wide range of possibilities for its influence and thus therapeutic use. In this article, we therefore review the mechanisms that cause polarization, the basic classification of polarized macrophages, their characteristic markers and the effects that accompany these phenotypic changes. Since the study of pulmonary (and among them mainly alveolar) macrophages is currently the focus of scientific interest of many researchers and these macrophages are found in very specific environments, given mainly by the extremely high partial pressure of oxygen compared to other locations, which specifically affects their behavior, we will focus our review on this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Žaloudíková
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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12
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Birkett R, Newar J, Sharma AM, Lin E, Blank L, Swaminathan S, Misharin A, Mestan KK. Development of a novel humanized mouse model to study bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1146014. [PMID: 37520051 PMCID: PMC10375491 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1146014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale The role of circulating fetal monocytes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia is not known. We utilized a humanized mouse model that supports human progenitor cell engraftment (MISTRG) to test the hypothesis that prenatal monocyte programming alters early lung development and response to hyperoxia. Methods Cord blood-derived monocytes from 10 human infants were adoptively transferred into newborn MISTRG mice at p0 (1 × 106 cells/mouse, intrahepatic injection) followed by normoxia versus hyperoxia (85% oxygen × 14 days). Lungs were harvested at p14 for alveolar histology (alveolar count, perimeter and area) and vascular parameters (vWF staining for microvessel density, Fulton's index). Human CD45 staining was conducted to compare presence of hematopoietic cells. Murine lung parameters were compared among placebo and monocyte-injected groups. The individual profiles of the 10 patients were further considered, including gestational age (GA; n = 2 term, n = 3 moderate/late preterm, and n = 5 very preterm infants) and preeclampsia (n = 4 patients). To explore the monocyte microenvironment of these patients, 30 cytokines/chemokines were measured in corresponding human plasma by multiplex immunoassay. Results Across the majority of patients and corresponding mice, MISTRG alveolarization was simplified and microvessel density was decreased following hyperoxia. Hyperoxia-induced changes were seen in both placebo (PBS) and monocyte-injected mice. Under normoxic conditions, alveolar development was altered modestly by monocytes as compared with placebo (P < 0.05). Monocyte injection was associated with increased microvessel density at P14 as compared with placebo (26.7 ± 0.73 vs. 18.8 ± 1.7 vessels per lung field; P < 0.001). Pooled analysis of patients revealed that injection of monocytes from births complicated by lower GA and preeclampsia was associated with changes in alveolarization and vascularization under normoxic conditions. These differences were modified by hyperoxia. CD45+ cell count was positively correlated with plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P < 0.001) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical staining for human CD206 and mouse F4/80 confirmed absence of macrophages in MISTRG lungs at P14. Conclusions Despite the inherent absence of macrophages in early stages of lung development, immunodeficient MISTRG mice revealed changes in alveolar and microvascular development induced by human monocytes. MISTRG mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia may serve as a novel model to study isolated effects of human monocytes on alveolar and pulmonary vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Birkett
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Janu Newar
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, UC San Diego School of Medicine & Rady Children’s Hospital of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Abhineet M. Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Erika Lin
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, UC San Diego School of Medicine & Rady Children’s Hospital of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lillian Blank
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, UC San Diego School of Medicine & Rady Children’s Hospital of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Suchitra Swaminathan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alexander Misharin
- Department of Medicine/Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Karen K. Mestan
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, UC San Diego School of Medicine & Rady Children’s Hospital of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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13
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Gillet L, Machiels B. Shaping of the alveolar landscape by respiratory infections and long-term consequences for lung immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1149015. [PMID: 37081878 PMCID: PMC10112541 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1149015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections and especially viral infections, along with other extrinsic environmental factors, have been shown to profoundly affect macrophage populations in the lung. In particular, alveolar macrophages (AMs) are important sentinels during respiratory infections and their disappearance opens a niche for recruited monocytes (MOs) to differentiate into resident macrophages. Although this topic is still the focus of intense debate, the phenotype and function of AMs that recolonize the niche after an inflammatory insult, such as an infection, appear to be dictated in part by their origin, but also by local and/or systemic changes that may be imprinted at the epigenetic level. Phenotypic alterations following respiratory infections have the potential to shape lung immunity for the long-term, leading to beneficial responses such as protection against allergic airway inflammation or against other infections, but also to detrimental responses when associated with the development of immunopathologies. This review reports the persistence of virus-induced functional alterations in lung macrophages, and discusses the importance of this imprinting in explaining inter-individual and lifetime immune variation.
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14
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Novak CM, Sethuraman S, Luikart KL, Reader BF, Wheat JS, Whitson B, Ghadiali SN, Ballinger MN. Alveolar macrophages drive lung fibroblast function in cocultures of IPF and normal patient samples. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L507-L520. [PMID: 36791050 PMCID: PMC10259863 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00263.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by increased collagen accumulation that is progressive and nonresolving. Although fibrosis progression may be regulated by fibroblasts and alveolar macrophage (AM) interactions, this cellular interplay has not been fully elucidated. To study AM-fibroblast interactions, cells were isolated from IPF and normal human lung tissue and cultured independently or together in direct 2-D coculture, direct 3-D coculture, indirect transwell, and in 3-D hydrogels. AM influence on fibroblast function was assessed by gene expression, cytokine/chemokine secretion, and hydrogel contractility. Normal AMs cultured in direct contact with fibroblasts downregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression whereas IPF AMs had little to no effect. Fibroblast contractility was assessed by encapsulating cocultures in 3-D collagen hydrogels and monitoring gel diameter over time. Both normal and IPF AMs reduced baseline contractility of normal fibroblasts but had little to no effect on IPF fibroblasts. When stimulated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, IPF AMs increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β, compared with normal AMs. TLR ligand stimulation did not alter fibroblast contraction, but stimulation with exogenous TNFα and TGFβ did alter contraction. To determine if the observed changes required cell-to-cell contact, AM-conditioned media and transwell systems were utilized. Transwell culture showed decreased ECM gene expression changes compared with direct coculture and conditioned media from AMs did not alter fibroblast contraction regardless of disease state. Taken together, these data indicate that normal fibroblasts are more responsive to AM crosstalk, and that AM influence on fibroblast behavior depends on cell proximity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caymen M Novak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Shruthi Sethuraman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Kristina L Luikart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Brenda F Reader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Jana S Wheat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Bryan Whitson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Samir N Ghadiali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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15
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Therapeutic strategies targeting pro-fibrotic macrophages in interstitial lung disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115501. [PMID: 36921632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the representative phenotype of interstitial lung disease where severe scarring develops in the lung interstitium. Although antifibrotic treatments are available and have been shown to slow the progression of IPF, improved therapeutic options are still needed. Recent data indicate that macrophages play essential pro-fibrotic roles in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Historically, macrophages have been classified into two functional subtypes, "M1" and "M2," and it is well described that "M2" or "alternatively activated" macrophages contribute to fibrosis via the production of fibrotic mediators, such as TGF-β, CTGF, and CCL18. However, highly plastic macrophages may possess distinct functions and phenotypes in the fibrotic lung environment. Thus, M2-like macrophages in vitro and pro-fibrotic macrophages in vivo are not completely identical cell populations. Recent developments in transcriptome analysis, including single-cell RNA sequencing, have attempted to depict more detailed phenotypic characteristics of pro-fibrotic macrophages. This review will outline the role and characterization of pro-fibrotic macrophages in fibrotic lung diseases and discuss the possibility of treating lung fibrosis by preventing or reprogramming the polarity of macrophages. We also utilized a systematic approach to review the literature and identify novel and promising therapeutic agents that follow this treatment strategy.
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16
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Hickman E, Smyth T, Cobos-Uribe C, Immormino R, Rebuli ME, Moran T, Alexis NE, Jaspers I. Expanded characterization of in vitro polarized M0, M1, and M2 human monocyte-derived macrophages: Bioenergetic and secreted mediator profiles. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279037. [PMID: 36862675 PMCID: PMC9980743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory macrophage subpopulations exhibit unique phenotypes depending on their location within the respiratory tract, posing a challenge to in vitro macrophage model systems. Soluble mediator secretion, surface marker expression, gene signatures, and phagocytosis are among the characteristics that are typically independently measured to phenotype these cells. Bioenergetics is emerging as a key central regulator of macrophage function and phenotype but is often not included in the characterization of human monocyte-derived macrophage (hMDM) models. The objective of this study was to expand the phenotype characterization of naïve hMDMs, and their M1 and M2 subsets by measuring cellular bioenergetic outcomes and including an expanded cytokine profile. Known markers of M0, M1 and M2 phenotypes were also measured and integrated into the phenotype characterization. Peripheral blood monocytes from healthy volunteers were differentiated into hMDM and polarized with either IFN-γ + LPS (M1) or IL-4 (M2). As expected, our M0, M1, and M2 hMDMs exhibited cell surface marker, phagocytosis, and gene expression profiles indicative of their different phenotypes. M2 hMDMs however were uniquely characterized and different from M1 hMDMs by being preferentially dependent on oxidativte phosphorylation for their ATP generation and by secreting a distinct cluster of soluble mediators (MCP4, MDC, and TARC). In contrast, M1 hMDMs secreted prototypic pro-inflammatory cytokines (MCP1, eotaxin, eotaxin-3, IL12p70, IL-1α, IL15, TNF-β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL12p40, IL-13, and IL-2), but demonstrated a relatively constitutively heightened bioenergetic state, and relied on glycolysis for ATP generation. These data are similar to the bioenergetic profiles we previously observed in vivo in sputum (M1) and BAL (M2)-derived macrophages in healthy volunteers, supporting the notion that polarized hMDMs can provide an acceptable in vitro model to study specific human respiratory macrophage subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Hickman
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Timothy Smyth
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Catalina Cobos-Uribe
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert Immormino
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Meghan E. Rebuli
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Timothy Moran
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Neil E. Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ilona Jaspers
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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17
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Gollnick H, Barber J, Wilkinson RJ, Newton S, Garg A. IL-27 inhibits anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis innate immune activity of primary human macrophages. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2023; 139:102326. [PMID: 36863206 PMCID: PMC10052773 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is an intracellular pathogen that primarily infects macrophages. Despite a robust anti-mycobacterial response, many times macrophages are unable to control M. tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-27 inhibits the anti-mycobacterial activity of primary human macrophages. We found concerted production of IL-27 and anti-mycobacterial cytokines by M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages in a toll-like receptor (TLR) dependent manner. Notably, IL-27 suppressed the production of anti-mycobacterial cytokines TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-15 by M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages. IL-27 limits the anti-mycobacterial activity of macrophages by reducing Cyp27B, cathelicidin (LL-37), LC3B lipidation, and increasing IL-10 production. Furthermore, neutralizing both IL-27 and IL-10 increased the expression of proteins involved in LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) pathway for bacterial clearance, namely vacuolar-ATPase, NOX2, and RUN-domain containing protein RUBCN. These results implicate IL-27 is a prominent cytokine that impedes M. tuberculosis clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Gollnick
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jamie Barber
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Robert J Wilkinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Newton
- Section of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Ankita Garg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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18
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Fleischmann M, Jarnicki AG, Brown AS, Yang C, Anderson GP, Garbi N, Hartland EL, van Driel IR, Ng GZ. Cigarette smoke depletes alveolar macrophages and delays clearance of Legionella pneumophila. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L373-L384. [PMID: 36719079 PMCID: PMC10026984 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00268.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is the main etiological agent of Legionnaires' disease, a severe bacterial pneumonia. L. pneumophila is initially engulfed by alveolar macrophages (AMs) and subvert normal cellular functions to establish a replicative vacuole. Cigarette smokers are particularly susceptible to developing Legionnaires' disease and other pulmonary infections; however, little is known about the cellular mechanisms underlying this susceptibility. To investigate this, we used a mouse model of acute cigarette smoke exposure to examine the immune response to cigarette smoke and subsequent L. pneumophila infection. Contrary to previous reports, we show that cigarette smoke exposure alone causes a significant depletion of AMs using enzymatic digestion to extract cells, or via imaging intact lung lobes by light-sheet microscopy. Furthermore, treatment of mice deficient in specific types of cell death with smoke suggests that NLRP3-driven pyroptosis is a contributor to smoke-induced death of AMs. After infection, smoke-exposed mice displayed increased pulmonary L. pneumophila loads and developed more severe disease compared with air-exposed controls. We tested if depletion of AMs was related to this phenotype by directly depleting them with clodronate liposomes and found that this also resulted in increased L. pneumophila loads. In summary, our results showed that cigarette smoke depleted AMs from the lung and that this likely contributed to more severe Legionnaires' disease. Furthermore, the role of AMs in L. pneumophila infection is more nuanced than simply providing a replicative niche, and our studies suggest they play a major role in bacterial clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Fleischmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrew G Jarnicki
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew S Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary P Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elizabeth L Hartland
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian R van Driel
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Garrett Z Ng
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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19
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Soni S, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Thakur A, Cataltepe S. AMPK-driven Macrophage Responses Are Autophagy Dependent in Experimental Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:279-287. [PMID: 36306501 PMCID: PMC9989474 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0282oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains incompletely understood. Recent studies suggest insufficient AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation as a potential cause of impaired autophagy in rodent and nonhuman primate models of BPD. Impaired autophagy is associated with enhanced inflammatory signaling in alveolar macrophages (AMs) and increased severity of murine BPD induced by neonatal hyperoxia exposure. The goal of this study was to determine the role of autophagy and AMPK activation in macrophage responses in murine BPD. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to neonatal hyperoxia starting on postnatal day (P)1 and treated with the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) between P3 and P6. Mice were euthanized on P7, and markers of AMPK activation and autophagy were assessed by immunoblotting. Alveolarization was assessed using radial alveolar counts, mean linear intercept measurements, and quantification of alveolar septal myofibroblasts. Relative mRNA expression of M1-like and M2-like genes was assessed in AMs isolated from BAL fluid from wild-type, LysMCre--Becn1fl/fl, and LysMCre+-Becn1fl/fl mice after neonatal hyperoxia exposure. AICAR treatment resulted in AMPK activation and induction of autophagic activity in whole-lung and BAL cell lysates and attenuated hyperoxia-induced alveolar simplification in neonatal lungs. AICAR-treated control but not Beclin1-deficient AMs demonstrated significantly decreased expression of M1-like markers and significantly increased expression of M2-like markers. In conclusion, pharmacologic activation of AMPK by AICAR resulted in induction of autophagy and played a protective role, at least in part, through attenuation of proinflammatory signaling in AMs via autophagy-dependent mechanisms in a murine model of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Soni
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; and
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Abhijeet Thakur
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sule Cataltepe
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Prenzler S, Rudrawar S, Waespy M, Kelm S, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Haselhorst T. The role of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like-lectin-1 (siglec-1) in immunology and infectious disease. Int Rev Immunol 2023; 42:113-138. [PMID: 34494938 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1931171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Siglec-1, also known as Sialoadhesin (Sn) and CD169 is highly conserved among vertebrates and with 17 immunoglobulin-like domains is Siglec-1 the largest member of the Siglec family. Expression of Siglec-1 is found primarily on dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and interferon induced monocyte. The structure of Siglec-1 is unique among siglecs and its function as a receptor is also different compared to other receptors in this class as it contains the most extracellular domains out of all the siglecs. However, the ability of Siglec-1 to internalize antigens and to pass them on to lymphocytes by allowing dendritic cells and macrophages to act as antigen presenting cells, is the main reason that has granted Siglec-1's key role in multiple human disease states including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, autoimmune diseases, cell-cell signaling, immunology, and more importantly bacterial and viral infections. Enveloped viruses for example have been shown to manipulate Siglec-1 to increase their virulence by binding to sialic acids present on the virus glycoproteins allowing them to spread or evade immune response. Siglec-1 mediates dissemination of HIV-1 in activated tissues enhancing viral spread via infection of DC/T-cell synapses. Overall, the ability of Siglec-1 to bind a variety of target cells within the immune system such as erythrocytes, B-cells, CD8+ granulocytes and NK cells, highlights that Siglec-1 is a unique player in these essential processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Prenzler
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Santosh Rudrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mario Waespy
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sørge Kelm
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Haselhorst
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Giambelluca S, Ochs M, Lopez-Rodriguez E. Resting time after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in THP-1 derived macrophages provides a non-biased model for the study of NLRP3 inflammasome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:958098. [PMID: 36618426 PMCID: PMC9817155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.958098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages has been proven to play a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. THP-1 monocytes can be differentiated to macrophages by incubation with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), providing a suitable model for in vitro studies. However, PMA has been shown to have effects on the levels of IL-1β, the main mediator of NLRP3 inflammasome, while the effects on the other mediators of the inflammasome have not been reported before. Methods THP-1 monocytes were incubated without (THP-1), with 5ng/ml PMA for 48h (PMA48h) or with 5ng/ml PMA for 48h plus 24h in fresh medium (PMArest). Morphological changes and the expression of macrophage surface markers (CD14, CD11b, CD36 and CD204) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Changes in intracellular levels of inflammasome components (NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, pro-IL1β) were analyzed by western blot and release of mature IL-1β in cell supernatant was analyzed by ELISA. ASC speck formation was determined by immunofluorescence. Results After 48h incubation with PMA or subsequent rest in fresh medium, cells became adherent, and the differential expression of CD36, CD11b, CD14 and CD204 compared to THP-1 cells confirmed that PMArest resemble macrophages from a molecular point of view. Changes in the levels were detected in PMA48h group for all the NLRP3-related proteins, with increase of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β and secretion of mature IL-1β. In PMArest, no pro-IL-1β and lower amounts of mature IL-1β were detected. No ASC speck was found in PMA treated groups, but the addition of a second stimulus to PMArest resulted in ASC speck formation, together with IL-1β production, confirming the responsiveness of the model. Conclusion Differentiation of THP-1 with 5ng/ml PMA followed by 24h resting period provides a model that morphologically and molecularly resembles macrophages. However, even at low concentrations, PMA induces production of IL-1β. The 24h rest period provides for down-regulation of pro-IL-1β in PMArest group, without affecting its ability to respond to a second stimulus through activation of inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Giambelluca
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Univeristätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Univeristätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Univeristätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,*Correspondence: Elena Lopez-Rodriguez,
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22
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Hojda SE, Chis IC, Clichici S. Biomarkers in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123033. [PMID: 36553040 PMCID: PMC9776459 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe medical condition characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), right ventricular (RV) failure, and death in the absence of appropriate treatment. The progression and prognosis are strictly related to the etiology, biochemical parameters, and treatment response. The gold-standard test remains right-sided heart catheterization, but dynamic monitoring of systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery is performed using echocardiography. However, simple and easily accessible non-invasive assays are also required in order to monitor this pathology. In addition, research in this area is in continuous development. In recent years, more and more biomarkers have been studied and included in clinical guidelines. These biomarkers can be categorized based on their associations with inflammation, endothelial cell dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, oxidative stress, and metabolic disorders. Moreover, biomarkers can be easily detected in blood and urine and correlated with disease severity, playing an important role in diagnosis, prognosis, and disease progression.
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23
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Wang H, Zeng C, Luo G, Sun Y, Zhang J, Xu Z, Guo Y, Ye H, Mao J, Chen S, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Vidal Melo MF, Fang X. Macrophage ferroportin serves as a therapeutic target against bacteria-induced acute lung injury by promoting barrier restoration. iScience 2022; 25:105698. [PMID: 36567719 PMCID: PMC9768356 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common lung disorder that involves severe inflammatory damage in the pulmonary barrier, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that pulmonary macrophages originating from ARDS patients and mice caused by bacteria were characterized by increased expression of ferroportin (FPN). Specifically deleting FPN in myeloid cells conferred significant resistance to bacterial infection with improved survival by decreasing extracellular bacterial growth and preserving pulmonary barrier integrity in mice. Mechanistically, macrophage FPN deficiency not only limited the availability of iron to bacteria, but also promoted tissue restoration via growth factor amphiregulin, which is regulated by cellular iron-activated Yes-associated protein signaling. Furthermore, pharmacological treatment with C-Hep, the self-assembled N-terminally cholesterylated minihepcidin that functions in the degradation of macrophage FPN, protected against bacteria-induced lung injury. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting the hepcidin-FPN axis in macrophages may be promising for the clinical treatment of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Congli Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yaqi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuqian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiali Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Marcos F. Vidal Melo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China,Corresponding author
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24
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Li X, Kolling FW, Aridgides D, Mellinger D, Ashare A, Jakubzick CV. ScRNA-seq expression of IFI27 and APOC2 identifies four alveolar macrophage superclusters in healthy BALF. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202201458. [PMID: 35820705 PMCID: PMC9275597 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) reside on the luminal surface of the airways and alveoli, ensuring proper gas exchange by ingesting cellular debris and pathogens, and regulating inflammatory responses. Therefore, understanding the heterogeneity and diverse roles played by AMs, interstitial macrophages, and recruited monocytes is critical for treating airway diseases. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 113,213 bronchoalveolar lavage cells from four healthy and three uninflamed cystic fibrosis subjects and identified two MARCKS+LGMN+IMs, FOLR2+SELENOP+ and SPP1+PLA2G7+ IMs, monocyte subtypes, DC1, DC2, migDCs, plasmacytoid DCs, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and four AM superclusters (families) based on the gene expression of IFI27 and APOC2 These four AM families have at least eight distinct functional members (subclusters) named after their differentially expressed gene(s): IGF1, CCL18, CXCL5, cholesterol, chemokine, metallothionein, interferon, and small-cluster AMs. Interestingly, the chemokine cluster further divides with each subcluster selectively expressing a unique combination of chemokines. One of the most striking observations, besides the heterogeneity, is the conservation of AM family members in relatively equal ratio across all AM superclusters and individuals. Transcriptional data and TotalSeq technology were used to investigate cell surface markers that distinguish resident AMs from recruited monocytes. Last, other AM datasets were projected onto our dataset. Similar AM superclusters and functional subclusters were observed, along with a significant increase in chemokine and IFN AM subclusters in individuals infected with COVID-19. Overall, functional specializations of the AM subclusters suggest that there are highly regulated AM niches with defined programming states, highlighting a clear division of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Fred W Kolling
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Daniel Aridgides
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Diane Mellinger
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Alix Ashare
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Claudia V Jakubzick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
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25
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Sterling KG, Dodd GK, Alhamdi S, Asimenios PG, Dagda RK, De Meirleir KL, Hudig D, Lombardi VC. Mucosal Immunity and the Gut-Microbiota-Brain-Axis in Neuroimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13328. [PMID: 36362150 PMCID: PMC9655506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have opened the door to a wellspring of information regarding the composition of the gut microbiota. Leveraging NGS technology, early metagenomic studies revealed that several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, autism, and myalgic encephalomyelitis, are characterized by alterations in the diversity of gut-associated microbes. More recently, interest has shifted toward understanding how these microbes impact their host, with a special emphasis on their interactions with the brain. Such interactions typically occur either systemically, through the production of small molecules in the gut that are released into circulation, or through signaling via the vagus nerves which directly connect the enteric nervous system to the central nervous system. Collectively, this system of communication is now commonly referred to as the gut-microbiota-brain axis. While equally important, little attention has focused on the causes of the alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Although several factors can contribute, mucosal immunity plays a significant role in shaping the microbiota in both healthy individuals and in association with several diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the components of mucosal immunity that impact the gut microbiota and then discuss how altered immunological conditions may shape the gut microbiota and consequently affect neuroimmune diseases, using a select group of common neuroimmune diseases as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Griffin Kutler Dodd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Shatha Alhamdi
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ruben K. Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | | - Dorothy Hudig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Vincent C. Lombardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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26
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Aegerter H, Lambrecht BN, Jakubzick CV. Biology of lung macrophages in health and disease. Immunity 2022; 55:1564-1580. [PMID: 36103853 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident alveolar and interstitial macrophages and recruited macrophages are critical players in innate immunity and maintenance of lung homeostasis. Until recently, assessing the differential functional contributions of tissue-resident versus recruited macrophages has been challenging because they share overlapping cell surface markers, making it difficult to separate them using conventional methods. This review describes how scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics can separate these subpopulations and help unravel the complexity of macrophage biology in homeostasis and disease. First, we provide a guide to identifying and distinguishing lung macrophages from other mononuclear phagocytes in humans and mice. Second, we outline emerging concepts related to the development and function of the various lung macrophages in the alveolar, perivascular, and interstitial niches. Finally, we describe how different tissue states profoundly alter their functions, including acute and chronic lung disease, cancer, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Aegerter
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia V Jakubzick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA.
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27
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Multi-omics analyses of airway host-microbe interactions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identify potential therapeutic interventions. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:1361-1375. [PMID: 35995842 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic role of the airway microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains largely unexplored. We present a landscape of airway microbe-host interactions in COPD through an in-depth profiling of the sputum metagenome, metabolome, host transcriptome and proteome from 99 patients with COPD and 36 healthy individuals in China. Multi-omics data were integrated using sequential mediation analysis, to assess in silico associations of the microbiome with two primary COPD inflammatory endotypes, neutrophilic or eosinophilic inflammation, mediated through microbial metabolic interaction with host gene expression. Hypotheses of microbiome-metabolite-host interaction were identified by leveraging microbial genetic information and established metabolite-human gene pairs. A prominent hypothesis for neutrophil-predominant COPD was altered tryptophan metabolism in airway lactobacilli associated with reduced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which was in turn linked to perturbed host interleukin-22 signalling and epithelial cell apoptosis pathways. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that airway microbiome-derived IAA mitigates neutrophilic inflammation, apoptosis, emphysema and lung function decline, via macrophage-epithelial cell cross-talk mediated by interleukin-22. Intranasal inoculation of two airway lactobacilli restored IAA and recapitulated its protective effects in mice. These findings provide the rationale for therapeutically targeting microbe-host interaction in COPD.
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28
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Feng F, Zhu Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Yu Y, Sun X, Song Y, Shao Z, Huang X, Liao Y, Ma J, He Y, Wang M, Tang L, Huang Y, Zhao J, Ding Q, Xie Y, Cai Q, Xiao H, Li C, Yuan Z, Zhang R. A CRISPR activation screen identifies genes that enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection. Protein Cell 2022; 14:64-68. [PMID: 36726758 PMCID: PMC9871949 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwac036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhugui Shao
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Technical Center for Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine of Shanghai Customs, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Liao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingyun Ma
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuping He
- Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center, Shanghai 200335, China
| | | | | | - Yaowei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jincun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Youhua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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29
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Sputum analysis by flow cytometry; an effective platform to analyze the lung environment. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272069. [PMID: 35976857 PMCID: PMC9385012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) is the standard of care for lung cancer screening in the United States (US). LDCT has a sensitivity of 93.8% but its specificity of 73.4% leads to potentially harmful follow-up procedures in patients without lung cancer. Thus, there is a need for additional assays with high accuracy that can be used as an adjunct to LDCT to diagnose lung cancer. Sputum is a biological fluid that can be obtained non-invasively and can be dissociated to release its cellular contents, providing a snapshot of the lung environment. We obtained sputum from current and former smokers with a 30+ pack-year smoking history and who were either confirmed to have lung cancer or at high risk of developing the disease. Dissociated sputum cells were counted, viability determined, and labeled with a panel of markers to separate leukocytes from non-leukocytes. After excluding debris and dead cells, including squamous epithelial cells, we identified reproducible population signatures and confirmed the samples’ lung origin. In addition to leukocyte and epithelial-specific fluorescent antibodies, we used the highly fluorescent meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP), known to preferentially stain cancer (associated) cells. We looked for differences in cell characteristics, population size and fluorescence intensity that could be useful in distinguishing cancer samples from high-risk samples. We present our data demonstrating the feasibility of a flow cytometry platform to analyze sputum in a high-throughput and standardized matter for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
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30
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Li F, Piattini F, Pohlmeier L, Feng Q, Rehrauer H, Kopf M. Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages autonomously determine severe outcome of respiratory viral infection. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabj5761. [PMID: 35776802 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj5761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Various lung insults can result in replacement of resident alveolar macrophages (AM) by bone marrow monocyte-derived (BMo)-AM. However, the dynamics of this process and its long-term consequences for respiratory viral infections remain unclear. Using several mouse models and a marker to unambiguously track fetal monocyte-derived (FeMo)-AM and BMo-AM, we established the kinetics and extent of replenishment and their function to recurrent influenza A virus (IAV) infection. A massive loss of FeMo-AM resulted in rapid replenishment by self-renewal of survivors, followed by the generation of BMo-AM. BMo-AM progressively outcompeted FeMo-AM over several months, and this was due to their increased glycolytic and proliferative capacity. The presence of both naïve and experienced BMo-AM conferred severe pathology to IAV infection, which was associated with a proinflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, upon aging of naïve mice, FeMo-AM were gradually replaced by BMo-AM, which contributed to IAV disease severity in a cell-autonomous manner. Together, our results suggest that the origin rather than training of AM determines long-term function to respiratory viral infection and provide an explanation for the increased severity of infection seen in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Li
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Federica Piattini
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lea Pohlmeier
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Qian Feng
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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31
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Lewis SA, Doratt BM, Sureshchandra S, Jankeel A, Newman N, Shen W, Grant KA, Messaoudi I. Ethanol Consumption Induces Nonspecific Inflammation and Functional Defects in Alveolar Macrophages. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:112-124. [PMID: 35380939 PMCID: PMC9273227 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0346oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol drinking is associated with increased susceptibility to viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens. In this study, we use a rhesus macaque model of voluntary ethanol self-administration to study the effects of long-term alcohol drinking on the immunological landscape of the lung. We report a heightened inflammatory state in alveolar macrophages (AMs) obtained from ethanol (EtOH)-drinking animals that is accompanied by increased chromatin accessibility in intergenic regions that regulate inflammatory genes and contain binding motifs for transcription factors AP-1, IRF8, and NFKB p-65. In line with these transcriptional and epigenetic changes at the basal state, AMs from EtOH-drinking animals generate elevated inflammatory mediator responses to lipopolysaccharides and respiratory syncytial virus. However, the transcriptional analysis revealed an inefficient induction of interferon-stimulated genes with EtOH in response to the respiratory syncytial virus, suggesting disruption of antimicrobial defenses. Correspondingly, AMs from EtOH-drinking animals exhibited transcriptional shifts indicative of increased oxidative stress and oxidative phosphorylation, which was coupled with higher cytosolic reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial potential. This heightened oxidative stress state was accompanied by decreased ability to phagocytose bacteria. Bulk RNA and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing data further revealed reduced expression and chromatin accessibility of loci associated with tissue repair and maintenance with chronic EtOH drinking. Similarly, analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed shifts in cell states from tissue maintenance to inflammatory responses with EtOH. Collectively, these data provide novel insight into mechanisms by which chronic EtOH drinking increases susceptibility to infection in patients with alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sloan A. Lewis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
- Institute for Immunology, and
| | - Brianna M. Doratt
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
- Institute for Immunology, and
| | | | - Natali Newman
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Weining Shen
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Kathleen A. Grant
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
- Institute for Immunology, and
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and
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32
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Magnen M, You R, Rao AA, Davis RT, Rodriguez L, Simoneau CR, Hysenaj L, Hu KH, Love C, Woodruff PG, Erle DJ, Hendrickson CM, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Roose JP, Sil A, Ott M, Langelier CR, Krummel MF, Looney MR. Immediate myeloid depot for SARS-CoV-2 in the human lung. RESEARCH SQUARE 2022:rs.3.rs-1639631. [PMID: 35611333 PMCID: PMC9128787 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1639631/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic1, considerable focus has been placed on a model of viral entry into host epithelial populations, with a separate focus upon the responding immune system dysfunction that exacerbates or causes disease. We developed a precision-cut lung slice model2,3 to investigate very early host-viral pathogenesis and found that SARS-CoV-2 had a rapid and specific tropism for myeloid populations in the human lung. Infection of alveolar macrophages was partially dependent upon their expression of ACE2, and the infections were productive for amplifying virus, both findings which were in contrast with their neutralization of another pandemic virus, Influenza A virus (IAV). Compared to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 was extremely poor at inducing interferon-stimulated genes in infected myeloid cells, providing a window of opportunity for modest titers to amplify within these cells. Endotracheal aspirate samples from humans with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from COVID-19 confirmed the lung slice findings, revealing a persistent myeloid depot. In the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, myeloid cells may provide a safe harbor for the virus with minimal immune stimulatory cues being generated, resulting in effective viral colonization and quenching of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélia Magnen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ran You
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Arjun A Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ryan T Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lauren Rodriguez
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Camille R Simoneau
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisiena Hysenaj
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kenneth H Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christina Love
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David J Erle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Carolyn M Hendrickson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeroen P Roose
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anita Sil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Melanie Ott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Charles R Langelier
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark R Looney
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Grant NL, Maiello P, Klein E, Lin PL, Borish HJ, Tomko J, Frye LJ, White AG, Kirschner DE, Mattila JT, Flynn JL. T cell transcription factor expression evolves over time in granulomas from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected cynomolgus macaques. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110826. [PMID: 35584684 PMCID: PMC9169877 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is a global health concern, yearly resulting in 10 million new cases of active TB. Immunologic investigation of lung granulomas is essential for understanding host control of bacterial replication. Here, we identify and compare the pathological, cellular, and functional differences in granulomas at 4, 12, and 20 weeks post-infection in Chinese cynomolgus macaques. Original granulomas differ in transcription-factor expression within adaptive lymphocytes, with those at 12 weeks showing higher frequencies of CD8+T-bet+ T cells, while CD4+T-bet+ T cells increase at 20 weeks post-infection. The appearance of T-bet+ adaptive T cells at 12 and 20 weeks is coincident with a reduction in bacterial burden, suggesting their critical role in Mtb control. This study highlights the evolution of T cell responses within lung granulomas, suggesting that vaccines promoting the development and migration of T-bet+ T cells would enhance mycobacterial control. Grant et al. investigate the pathological, cellular, and functional differences in TB lung granulomas from macaques. The data reveal that most T cells at early time points have low frequencies of transcription factor expression, while T cells at later time points have increased expression of T-bet and a reduction in bacterial burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Grant
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edwin Klein
- Division of Laboratory Animal Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - H Jacob Borish
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaime Tomko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L James Frye
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexander G White
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Denise E Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua T Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - JoAnne L Flynn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Magnen M, You R, Rao AA, Davis RT, Rodriguez L, Simoneau CR, Hysenaj L, Hu KH, Love C, Woodruff PG, Erle DJ, Hendrickson CM, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Roose JP, Sil A, Ott M, Langelier CR, Krummel MF, Looney MR. Immediate myeloid depot for SARS-CoV-2 in the human lung. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.04.28.489942. [PMID: 35592107 PMCID: PMC9119017 DOI: 10.1101/2022.04.28.489942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, considerable focus has been placed on a model of viral entry into host epithelial populations, with a separate focus upon the responding immune system dysfunction that exacerbates or causes disease. We developed a precision-cut lung slice model to investigate very early host-viral pathogenesis and found that SARS-CoV-2 had a rapid and specific tropism for myeloid populations in the human lung. Infection of alveolar macrophages was partially dependent upon their expression of ACE2, and the infections were productive for amplifying virus, both findings which were in contrast with their neutralization of another pandemic virus, Influenza A virus (IAV). Compared to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 was extremely poor at inducing interferon-stimulated genes in infected myeloid cells, providing a window of opportunity for modest titers to amplify within these cells. Endotracheal aspirate samples from humans with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from COVID-19 confirmed the lung slice findings, revealing a persistent myeloid depot. In the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, myeloid cells may provide a safe harbor for the virus with minimal immune stimulatory cues being generated, resulting in effective viral colonization and quenching of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélia Magnen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ran You
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Arjun A Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ryan T Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lauren Rodriguez
- CoLabs Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Camille R Simoneau
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisiena Hysenaj
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kenneth H Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christina Love
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David J Erle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Carolyn M Hendrickson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeroen P Roose
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anita Sil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Melanie Ott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Charles R Langelier
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark R Looney
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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35
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Liégeois M, Bai Q, Fievez L, Pirottin D, Legrand C, Guiot J, Schleich F, Corhay JL, Louis R, Marichal T, Bureau F. Airway Macrophages Encompass Transcriptionally and Functionally Distinct Subsets Altered by Smoking. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:241-252. [PMID: 35522264 PMCID: PMC9348561 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0563oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are functionally important innate cells involved in lung homeostasis and immunity and whose diversity in health and disease is a subject of intense investigations. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent conditions like smoking or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) trigger changes in the AM compartment. Here, we aimed to explore heterogeneity of human AMs isolated from healthy nonsmokers, smokers without COPD, and smokers with COPD by analyzing BAL fluid cells by flow cytometry and bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing. We found that subpopulations of BAL fluid CD206+ macrophages could be distinguished based on their degree of autofluorescence in each subject analyzed. CD206+ autofluorescenthigh AMs were identified as classical, self-proliferative AM, whereas autofluorescentlow AMs were expressing both monocyte and classical AM-related genes, supportive of a monocytic origin. Of note, monocyte-derived autofluorescentlow AMs exhibited a functionally distinct immunoregulatory profile, including the ability to secrete the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. Interestingly, single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses showed that transcriptionally distinct clusters of classical and monocyte-derived AM were uniquely enriched in smokers with and without COPD as compared with healthy nonsmokers. Of note, such smoking-associated clusters exhibited gene signatures enriched in detoxification, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory responses. Our study independently confirms previous reports supporting that monocyte-derived macrophages coexist with classical AM in the airways of healthy subjects and patients with COPD and identifies smoking-associated changes in the AM compartment that may favor COPD initiation or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiang Bai
- Liege University, 26658, GIGA Institute, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Dimitri Pirottin
- Liege University, 26658, GIGA Institute, Liege, Belgium.,Liege University, 26658, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Julien Guiot
- CHU de Liege - Hopital du Sart Tilman, 82316, Pneumology, Liege, Belgium
| | - Florence Schleich
- CHU de Liege - Hopital du Sart Tilman, 82316, Respiratory Medicine, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Renaud Louis
- University of Liege, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Liege, Belgium
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Liege University, 26658, GIGA Institute, Liege, Belgium.,Liege University, 26658, Veterinary Medicine, Liege, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Bureau
- Liege University, 26658, GIGA Institute, Liege, Belgium;
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Abstract
Tissue-resident immune cells span both myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages, have been found in multiple human tissues, and play integral roles at all stages of the immune response, from maintaining homeostasis to responding to infectious challenges to resolution of inflammation to tissue repair. In humans, studying immune cells and responses in tissues is challenging, although recent advances in sampling and high-dimensional profiling have provided new insights into the ontogeny, maintenance, and functional role of tissue-resident immune cells. Each tissue contains a specific complement of resident immune cells. Moreover, resident immune cells for each lineage share core properties, along with tissue-specific adaptations. Here we propose a five-point checklist for defining resident immune cell types in humans and describe the currently known features of resident immune cells, their mechanisms of development, and their putative functional roles within various human organs. We also consider these aspects of resident immune cells in the context of future studies and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I Gray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA;
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA;
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
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Bain CC, Lucas CD, Rossi AG. Pulmonary macrophages and SARS-Cov2 infection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 367:1-28. [PMID: 35461655 PMCID: PMC8968207 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the largest global pandemic in living memory, with between 4.5 and 15M deaths globally from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This has led to an unparalleled global, collaborative effort to understand the pathogenesis of this devastating disease using state-of-the-art technologies. A consistent feature of severe COVID-19 is dysregulation of pulmonary macrophages, cells that under normal physiological conditions play vital roles in maintaining lung homeostasis and immunity. In this article, we will discuss a selection of the pivotal findings examining the role of monocytes and macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 infection and place this in context of recent advances made in understanding the fundamental immunobiology of these cells to try to understand how key homeostatic cells come to be a central pathogenic component of severe COVID-19 and key cells to target for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum C Bain
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Christopher D Lucas
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Corry J, Kettenburg G, Upadhyay AA, Wallace M, Marti MM, Wonderlich ER, Bissel SJ, Goss K, Sturgeon TJ, Watkins SC, Reed DS, Bosinger SE, Barratt-Boyes SM. Infiltration of inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils and widespread pyroptosis in lung drive influenza lethality in nonhuman primates. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010395. [PMID: 35271686 PMCID: PMC8939778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe influenza kills tens of thousands of individuals each year, yet the mechanisms driving lethality in humans are poorly understood. Here we used a unique translational model of lethal H5N1 influenza in cynomolgus macaques that utilizes inhalation of small-particle virus aerosols to define mechanisms driving lethal disease. RNA sequencing of lung tissue revealed an intense interferon response within two days of infection that resulted in widespread expression of interferon-stimulated genes, including inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Macaques with lethal disease had rapid and profound loss of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and infiltration of activated CCR2+ CX3CR1+ interstitial macrophages (IMs) and neutrophils into lungs. Parallel changes of AMs and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) correlated with virus load when compared to macaques with mild influenza. Both AMs and IMs in lethal influenza were M1-type inflammatory macrophages which expressed neutrophil chemotactic factors, while neutrophils expressed genes associated with activation and generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs were prominent in lung and were found in alveolar spaces as well as lung parenchyma. Genes associated with pyroptosis but not apoptosis were increased in lung, and activated inflammatory caspases, IL-1β and cleaved gasdermin D (GSDMD) were present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung homogenates. Cleaved GSDMD was expressed by lung macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells which were present in large numbers in alveolar spaces, consistent with loss of epithelial integrity. Cleaved GSDMD colocalized with viral NP-expressing cells in alveoli, reflecting pyroptosis of infected cells. These novel findings reveal that a potent interferon and inflammatory cascade in lung associated with infiltration of inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils, elaboration of NETs and cell death by pyroptosis mediates lethal H5N1 influenza in nonhuman primates, and by extension humans. These innate pathways represent promising therapeutic targets to prevent severe influenza and potentially other primary viral pneumonias in humans. Influenza can cause acute lung injury and death, but the mechanisms resulting in lethal influenza in humans are not well understood. We used a novel model of lethal influenza in nonhuman primates caused by aerosol infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus that closely resembles human disease to define how the virus causes severe pneumonia. We found that a potent innate immune response starting with high-level production of interferons and inflammatory factors in the lung drives severe disease. Inflammatory cells including macrophages and neutrophils were recruited into lung because of this early response, which in turn led to release of neutrophil extracellular traps that blocked lung alveoli. In addition, a particularly inflammatory form of cell death known as pyroptosis occurred in lungs during lethal influenza. These new findings show that an intense interferon response leading to an inflammatory cascade of macrophages and neutrophils, release of neutrophil extracellular traps, and cell death by pyroptosis is responsible for acute lung injury in lethal influenza. These innate pathways could be targeted by drugs to prevent lung injury in critically ill influenza patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Corry
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JC); (SMBB)
| | - Gwenddolen Kettenburg
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Amit A. Upadhyay
- Yerkes NHP Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Megan Wallace
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michelle M. Marti
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth R. Wonderlich
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephanie J. Bissel
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kyndal Goss
- Yerkes NHP Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Sturgeon
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Douglas S. Reed
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Steven E. Bosinger
- Yerkes NHP Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Simon M. Barratt-Boyes
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JC); (SMBB)
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Shirato K, Sato S. Macrophage Meets the Circadian Clock: Implication of the Circadian Clock in the Role of Macrophages in Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:826738. [PMID: 35281442 PMCID: PMC8904936 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.826738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is a biological system that creates daily variations of physiology and behavior with a 24-h cycle, which is precisely controlled by the molecular circadian clock. The circadian clock dominates temporal activity of physiological homeostasis at the molecular level, including endocrine secretion, metabolic, immune response, coupled with extrinsic environmental cues (e.g., light/dark cycles) and behavioral cues (e.g., sleep/wake cycles and feeding/fasting cycles). The other side of the clock is that the misaligned circadian rhythm contributes to the onset of a variety of diseases, such as cancer, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, the acceleration of aging, and the development of systemic inflammation. The role played by macrophages is a key mediator between circadian disruption and systemic inflammation. At the molecular level, macrophage functions are under the direct control of the circadian clock, and thus the circadian misalignment remodels the phenotype of macrophages toward a ‘killer’ mode. Remarkably, the inflammatory macrophages induce systemic and chronic inflammation, leading to the development of inflammatory diseases and the dampened immune defensive machinery against infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Here, we discuss how the circadian clock regulates macrophage immune functions and provide the potential risk of misaligned circadian rhythms against inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Sato
- Center for Biological Clocks Research, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Shogo Sato,
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40
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Evren E, Ringqvist E, Doisne JM, Thaller A, Sleiers N, Flavell RA, Di Santo JP, Willinger T. CD116+ fetal precursors migrate to the perinatal lung and give rise to human alveolar macrophages. J Exp Med 2022; 219:212959. [PMID: 35019940 PMCID: PMC8759608 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their importance in lung health and disease, it remains unknown how human alveolar macrophages develop early in life. Here we define the ontogeny of human alveolar macrophages from embryonic progenitors in vivo, using a humanized mouse model expressing human cytokines (MISTRG mice). We identified alveolar macrophage progenitors in human fetal liver that expressed the GM-CSF receptor CD116 and the transcription factor MYB. Transplantation experiments in MISTRG mice established a precursor-product relationship between CD34-CD116+ fetal liver cells and human alveolar macrophages in vivo. Moreover, we discovered circulating CD116+CD64-CD115+ macrophage precursors that migrated from the liver to the lung. Similar precursors were present in human fetal lung and expressed the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Fetal CD116+CD64- macrophage precursors had a proliferative gene signature, outcompeted adult precursors in occupying the perinatal alveolar niche, and developed into functional alveolar macrophages. The discovery of the fetal alveolar macrophage progenitor advances our understanding of human macrophage origin and ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elza Evren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Ringqvist
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Marc Doisne
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Anna Thaller
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Sleiers
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Tim Willinger
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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41
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Bain CC, MacDonald AS. The impact of the lung environment on macrophage development, activation and function: diversity in the face of adversity. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:223-234. [PMID: 35017701 PMCID: PMC8749355 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00480-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has been somewhat of a renaissance period for the field of macrophage biology. This renewed interest, combined with the advent of new technologies and development of novel model systems to assess different facets of macrophage biology, has led to major advances in our understanding of the diverse roles macrophages play in health, inflammation, infection and repair, and the dominance of tissue environments in influencing all of these areas. Here, we discuss recent developments in our understanding of lung macrophage heterogeneity, ontogeny, metabolism and function in the context of health and disease, and highlight core conceptual advances and key unanswered questions that we believe should be focus of work in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum C Bain
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
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42
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Olesch C, Brunn D, Aktay-Cetin Ö, Sirait-Fischer E, Pullamsetti SS, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Brüne B, Weigert A, Savai R. Picturing of the Lung Tumor Cellular Composition by Multispectral Flow Cytometry. Front Immunol 2022; 13:827719. [PMID: 35145525 PMCID: PMC8821098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer, resulting from the crosstalk between cancer cells and microenvironmental cells. Therefore, comprehensive identification and characterization of cell populations in the complex lung structure is crucial for development of novel targeted anti-cancer therapies. Here, a hierarchical clustering approach with multispectral flow cytometry was established to delineate the cellular landscape of murine lungs under steady-state and cancer conditions. Fluorochromes were used multiple times to be able to measure 24 cell surface markers with only 13 detectors, yielding a broad picture for whole-lung phenotyping. Primary and metastatic murine lung tumor models were included to detect major cell populations in the lung, and to identify alterations to the distribution patterns in these models. In the primary tumor models, major altered populations included CD324+ epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, and blood and lymph endothelial cells. The number of fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes (Ly6C+ and Ly6C–) and neutrophils were elevated in metastatic models of lung cancer. Thus, the proposed clustering approach is a promising method to resolve cell populations from complex organs in detail even with basic flow cytometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Olesch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Brunn
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Öznur Aktay-Cetin
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
- *Correspondence: Andreas Weigert, ; Rajkumar Savai, ;
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Giessen, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- *Correspondence: Andreas Weigert, ; Rajkumar Savai, ;
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43
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Ghio AJ, Pavlisko EN, Roggli VL, Todd NW, Sangani RG. Cigarette Smoke Particle-Induced Lung Injury and Iron Homeostasis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:117-140. [PMID: 35046648 PMCID: PMC8763205 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s337354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is proposed that the mechanistic basis for non-neoplastic lung injury with cigarette smoking is a disruption of iron homeostasis in cells after exposure to cigarette smoke particle (CSP). Following the complexation and sequestration of intracellular iron by CSP, the host response (eg, inflammation, mucus production, and fibrosis) attempts to reverse a functional metal deficiency. Clinical manifestations of this response can present as respiratory bronchiolitis, desquamative interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary fibrosis. If the response is unsuccessful, the functional deficiency of iron progresses to irreversible cell death evident in emphysema and bronchiectasis. The subsequent clinical and pathological presentation is a continuum of lung injuries, which overlap and coexist with one another. Designating these non-neoplastic lung injuries after smoking as distinct disease processes fails to recognize shared relationships to each other and ultimately to CSP, as well as the common mechanistic pathway (ie, disruption of iron homeostasis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Ghio
- Human Studies Facility, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Correspondence: Andrew J Ghio Human Studies Facility, US Environmental Protection Agency, 104 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Email
| | | | | | - Nevins W Todd
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rahul G Sangani
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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44
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Immunopathogenesis in HIV-associated pediatric tuberculosis. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:21-26. [PMID: 33731810 PMCID: PMC8446109 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an increasing global emergency in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients, in which host immunity is dysregulated and compromised. However, the pathogenesis and efficacy of therapeutic strategies in HIV-associated TB in developing infants are essentially lacking. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, an attenuated live strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is not adequately effective, which confers partial protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in infants when administered at birth. However, pediatric HIV infection is most devastating in the disease progression of TB. It remains challenging whether early antiretroviral therapy (ART) could maintain immune development and function, and restore Mtb-specific immune function in HIV-associated TB in children. A better understanding of the immunopathogenesis in HIV-associated pediatric Mtb infection is essential to provide more effective interventions, reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality in HIV-associated Mtb infection in infants. IMPACT: Children living with HIV are more likely prone to opportunistic infection, predisposing high risk of TB diseases. HIV and Mtb coinfection in infants may synergistically accelerate disease progression. Early ART may probably induce immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and TB pathology in HIV/Mtb coinfected infants.
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45
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Tissue-resident immunity in the lung: a first-line defense at the environmental interface. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:827-854. [PMID: 36305904 PMCID: PMC9614767 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lung is a vital organ that incessantly faces external environmental challenges. Its homeostasis and unimpeded vital function are ensured by the respiratory epithelium working hand in hand with an intricate fine-tuned tissue-resident immune cell network. Lung tissue-resident immune cells span across the innate and adaptive immunity and protect from infectious agents but can also prove to be pathogenic if dysregulated. Here, we review the innate and adaptive immune cell subtypes comprising lung-resident immunity and discuss their ontogeny and role in distinct respiratory diseases. An improved understanding of the role of lung-resident immunity and how its function is dysregulated under pathological conditions can shed light on the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.
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46
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McKendrick JG, Emmerson E. The role of salivary gland macrophages in infection, disease and repair. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 368:1-34. [PMID: 35636925 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are mononuclear innate immune cells which have become of increasing interest in the fields of disease and regeneration, as their non-classical functions have been elucidated in addition to their classical inflammatory functions. Macrophages can regulate tissue remodeling, by both mounting and reducing inflammatory responses; and exhibit direct communication with other cells to drive tissue turnover and cell replacement. Furthermore, macrophages have recently become an attractive therapeutic target to drive tissue regeneration. The major salivary glands are glandular tissues that are exposed to pathogens through their close connection with the oral cavity. Moreover, there are a number of diseases that preferentially destroy the salivary glands, causing irreversible injury, highlighting the need for a regenerative strategy. However, characterization of macrophages in the mouse and human salivary glands is sparse and has been mostly determined from studies in infection or autoimmune pathologies. In this review, we describe the current literature around salivary gland macrophages, and speculate about the niches they inhabit and how their role in development, regeneration and cancer may inform future therapeutic advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G McKendrick
- The Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Emmerson
- The Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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47
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Ravindranath MH, El Hilali F, Filippone EJ. The Impact of Inflammation on the Immune Responses to Transplantation: Tolerance or Rejection? Front Immunol 2021; 12:667834. [PMID: 34880853 PMCID: PMC8647190 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation (Tx) remains the optimal therapy for end-stage disease (ESD) of various solid organs. Although alloimmune events remain the leading cause of long-term allograft loss, many patients develop innate and adaptive immune responses leading to graft tolerance. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of selected aspects of the effects of inflammation on this delicate balance following solid organ transplantation. Initially, we discuss the inflammatory mediators detectable in an ESD patient. Then, the specific inflammatory mediators found post-Tx are elucidated. We examine the reciprocal relationship between donor-derived passenger leukocytes (PLs) and those of the recipient, with additional emphasis on extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, and we examine their role in determining the balance between tolerance and rejection. The concept of recipient antigen-presenting cell "cross-dressing" by donor exosomes is detailed. Immunological consequences of the changes undergone by cell surface antigens, including HLA molecules in donor and host immune cells activated by proinflammatory cytokines, are examined. Inflammation-mediated donor endothelial cell (EC) activation is discussed along with the effect of donor-recipient EC chimerism. Finally, as an example of a specific inflammatory mediator, a detailed analysis is provided on the dynamic role of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its receptor post-Tx, especially given the potential for therapeutic interdiction of this axis with monoclonal antibodies. We aim to provide a holistic as well as a reductionist perspective of the inflammation-impacted immune events that precede and follow Tx. The objective is to differentiate tolerogenic inflammation from that enhancing rejection, for potential therapeutic modifications. (Words 247).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mepur H. Ravindranath
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Terasaki Foundation Laboratory, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | | | - Edward J. Filippone
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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48
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Elhaissoufi W, Ghoulam C, Barakat A, Zeroual Y, Bargaz A. Phosphate bacterial solubilization: A key rhizosphere driving force enabling higher P use efficiency and crop productivity. J Adv Res 2021; 38:13-28. [PMID: 35572398 PMCID: PMC9091742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphate bacteria bio-solubilization significantly increase crop P acquisition and productivity. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria increase RP agronomic efficiency as well as P fertilizers efficiency. This process can be optimized through a rational bacterial screening to assure efficient PSB are selected. Appropriate formulation of PSB is a sustainable approach to enhance P-fertilizers efficiency. Development of innovative PSB-Phosphate formulations is likely to sustain crop production.
Background Increasing crop production to feed a growing population has driven the use of mineral fertilizers to ensure nutrients availability and fertility of agricultural soils. After nitrogen, phosphorus (P) is the second most important nutrient for plant growth and productivity. However, P availability in most agricultural soils is often limited because P strongly binds to soil particles and divalent cations forming insoluble P-complexes. Therefore, there is a constant need to sustainably improve soil P availability. This may include, among other strategies, the application of microbial resources specialized in P cycling, such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). This P-mediating bacterial component can improve soil biological fertility and crop production, and should be integrated in well-established formulations to enhance availability and efficiency in use of P. This is of importance to P fertilization, including both organic and mineral P such as rock phosphate (RP) aiming to improve its agronomic efficiency within an integrated crop nutrition system where agronomic profitability of P and PSB can synergistically occur. Aim of Review The purpose of this review is to discuss critically the important contribution of PSB to crop P nutrition in concert with P fertilizers, with a specific focus on RP. We also highlight the need for PSB bioformulations being a sustainable approach to enhance P fertilizer use efficiency and crop production. Key Scientific Concepts of Review We first recognize the important contribution of PSB to sustain crop production, which requires a rational approach for both screening and evaluation of PSB enabling an accurate assessment of the bacterial effects both alone and in intertwined interaction with plant roots. Furthermore, we propose new research ideas about the development of microbial bioformulations based on PSB with a particular focus on strains exhibiting synergetic effects with RP.
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49
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Snyder ME, Sembrat J, Noda K, Myerburg MM, Craig A, Mitash N, Harano T, Furukawa M, Pilewski J, McDyer J, Rojas M, Sanchez P. Human Lung-Resident Macrophages Colocalize with and Provide Costimulation to PD1 hi Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203:1230-1244. [PMID: 33306940 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202006-2403oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) play a critical role in the defense against inhaled pathogens. The isolation and study of human lung tissue-resident memory T cells and lung-resident macrophages (MLR) are limited by experimental constraints. Objectives: To characterize the spatial and functional relationship between MLR and human lung tissue-resident memory T cells using ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP). Methods: TRM and MLR were isolated using EVLP and intraperfusate-labeled CD45 antibody. Cells isolated after 6 hours of EVLP were analyzed using spectral flow cytometry. Spatial relationships between CD3+ and CD68+ cells were explored with multiplexed immunohistochemistry. Functional relationships were determined by using coculture and T-cell-receptor complex signal transduction. Measurements and Main Results: Lungs from 8 research-consenting organ donors underwent EVLP for 6 hours. We show that human lung TRM and MLR colocalize within the human lung, preferentially around the airways. Furthermore, we found that human lung CD8+ TRM are composed of two functionally distinct populations on the basis of PD1 (programed cell death receptor 1) and ZNF683 (HOBIT) protein expression. We show that MLR provide costimulatory signaling to PD1hi CD4+ and CD8+ lung TRM,, augmenting the effector cytokine production and degranulation of TRM. Conclusions: EVLP provides an innovative technique to study resident immune populations in humans. Human MLR colocalize with and provide costimulation signaling to TRM, augmenting their effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Snyder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine.,Department of Immunology.,Starzl Transplantation Institute, and
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Andrew Craig
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Nilay Mitash
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Takashi Harano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Masashi Furukawa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - John McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine.,Starzl Transplantation Institute, and
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Pablo Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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50
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He X, Tan S, Shao Z, Wang X. Latitudinal and longitudinal regulation of tissue macrophages in inflammatory diseases. Genes Dis 2021; 9:1194-1207. [PMID: 35873033 PMCID: PMC9293718 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are dominant innate immune cells. They demonstrate remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity that are essential for homeostasis and host defense. The heterogeneity of tissue macrophages is shaped by the ontogeny, tissue factors, and environmental signals, a pattern in a tissue-associated latitudinal manner. At the same time, macrophages have long been considered as mainly plastic cells. These cells respond to stimulation quickly and in a stimulus-specific way by utilizing a longitudinal cascaded activation, including coordination of signal transducer, epigenetic elements, and transcription factors, conclusively determine the macrophage phenotypes and functions. With the development of cutting-edge technologies, such as fate-mapping, single-cell transcriptomics, ipsc platform, nanotherapeutic materials, etc., our understanding of macrophage biology and the roles in the pathogenesis of diseases is much advanced. This review summarizes recent progress on the latitudinal and longitudinal regulation of tissue macrophages in inflammatory diseases. The latitudinal regulation covers the tissue macrophage origins, tissue factors, and environmental signals, reflecting the macrophage heterogeneity. The longitudinal regulation focuses on how multiple factors shape the phenotypes and functions of macrophage subsets to gain plasticity in inflammatory diseases (i.e., inflammatory bowel disease). In addition, how to target macrophages as a potential therapeutic approach and cutting edge-technologies for tissue macrophage study are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoYi He
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, PR China
| | - Stephanie Tan
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Zhong Shao
- The Third Hospital of Fushun, Fushun, Liaoning 113004, PR China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA,Corresponding author. Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Fax: +(312) 503 7177.
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