1
|
Su C, Kent CL, Pierpoint M, Floyd W, Luo L, Williams NT, Ma Y, Peng B, Lazarides AL, Subramanian A, Himes JE, Perez VM, Hernansaiz-Ballesteros RD, Roche KE, Modliszewski JL, Selitsky SR, Shinohara ML, Wisdom AJ, Moding EJ, Mowery YM, Kirsch DG. Enhancing radiotherapy response via intratumoral injection of a TLR9 agonist in autochthonous murine sarcomas. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e178767. [PMID: 39133651 PMCID: PMC11383182 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.178767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is frequently used to treat cancers, including soft-tissue sarcomas. Prior studies established that the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG) enhances the response to RT in transplanted tumors, but the mechanisms of this enhancement remain unclear. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 and the chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) to generate autochthonous soft-tissue sarcomas with high tumor mutation burden. Treatment with a single fraction of 20 Gy RT and 2 doses of CpG significantly enhanced tumor response, which was abrogated by genetic or immunodepletion of CD8+ T cells. To characterize the immune response to CpG+RT, we performed bulk RNA-Seq, single-cell RNA-Seq, and mass cytometry. Sarcomas treated with 20 Gy and CpG demonstrated increased CD8 T cells expressing markers associated with activation and proliferation, such as Granzyme B, Ki-67, and IFN-γ. CpG+RT also upregulated antigen presentation pathways on myeloid cells. Furthermore, in sarcomas treated with CpG+RT, TCR clonality analysis suggests an increase in clonal T cell dominance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CpG+RT significantly delays tumor growth in a CD8 T cell-dependent manner. These results provide a strong rationale for clinical trials evaluating CpG or other TLR9 agonists with RT in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Collin L Kent
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Pierpoint
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Warren Floyd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander L Lazarides
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ajay Subramanian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jonathon E Himes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Kimberly E Roche
- Tempus AI Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA
- QuantBio LLC, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer L Modliszewski
- QuantBio LLC, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sara R Selitsky
- Tempus AI Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA
- QuantBio LLC, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Integrative Immunology
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy J Wisdom
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Everett J Moding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology and
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rickard AG, Mowery YM, Bassil A, Rouse DC, Williams NT, Charity T, Belloni R, Crouch B, Ramanujam N, Stevenson D, Castillo R, Blocker S, Epel B, Kotecha M, Palmer GM. Evaluating Tumor Hypoxia Radiosensitization Via Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Oxygen Imaging (EPROI). Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:435-447. [PMID: 37721686 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor hypoxia contributes to aggressive phenotypes and diminished therapeutic responses to radiation therapy (RT) with hypoxic tissue being 3-fold less radiosensitive than normoxic tissue. A major challenge in implementing hypoxic radiosensitizers is the lack of a high-resolution imaging modality that directly quantifies tissue-oxygen. The electron paramagnetic resonance oxygen-imager (EPROI) was used to quantify tumor oxygenation in two murine tumor models: E0771 syngeneic transplant breast cancers and primary p53/MCA soft tissue sarcomas, with the latter autochthonous model better recapitulating the tumor microenvironment in human malignancies. We hypothesized that tumor hypoxia differs between these models. We also aimed to quantify the absolute change in tumor hypoxia induced by the mitochondrial inhibitor papaverine (PPV) and its effect on RT response. PROCEDURES Tumor oxygenation was characterized in E0771 and primary p53/MCA sarcomas via EPROI, with the former model also being quantified indirectly via diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). After confirming PPV's effect on hypoxic fraction (via EPROI), we compared the effect of 0 versus 2 mg/kg PPV prior to 20 Gy on tumor growth delay and survival. RESULTS Hypoxic sarcomas were more radioresistant than normoxic sarcomas (p=0.0057, 2-way ANOVA), and high baseline hypoxic fraction was a significant (p=0.0063, Cox Regression Model) hazard in survivability regardless of treatment. Pre-treatment with PPV before RT did not radiosensitize tumors in the sarcoma or E0771 model. In the sarcoma model, EPROI successfully identified baseline hypoxic tumors. DRS quantification of total hemoglobin, saturated hemoglobin, changes in mitochondrial potential and glucose uptake showed no significant difference in E0771 tumors pre- and post-PPV. CONCLUSION EPROI provides 3D high-resolution pO2 quantification; EPR is better suited than DRS to characterize tumor hypoxia. PPV did not radiosensitize E0771 tumors nor p53/MCA sarcomas, which may be related to the complex pattern of vasculature in each tumor. Additionally, understanding model-dependent tumor hypoxia will provide a much-needed foundation for future therapeutic studies with hypoxic radiosensitizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn G Rickard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Alex Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Douglas C Rouse
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Theresa Charity
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rafaela Belloni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian Crouch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nimmi Ramanujam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Rico Castillo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie Blocker
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Boris Epel
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- O2M Technologies LLC, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Gregory M Palmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sasatani M, Xi Y, Daino K, Ishikawa A, Masuda Y, Kajimura J, Piao J, Zaharieva EK, Honda H, Zhou G, Hamasaki K, Kusunoki Y, Shimura T, Kakinuma S, Shimada Y, Doi K, Ishikawa‐Fujiwara T, Sotomaru Y, Kamiya K. Rev1 overexpression accelerates N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced thymic lymphoma by increasing mutagenesis. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1808-1819. [PMID: 38572512 PMCID: PMC11145157 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rev1 has two important functions in the translesion synthesis pathway, including dCMP transferase activity, and acts as a scaffolding protein for other polymerases involved in translesion synthesis. However, the role of Rev1 in mutagenesis and tumorigenesis in vivo remains unclear. We previously generated Rev1-overexpressing (Rev1-Tg) mice and reported that they exhibited a significantly increased incidence of intestinal adenoma and thymic lymphoma (TL) after N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) treatment. In this study, we investigated mutagenesis of MNU-induced TL tumorigenesis in wild-type (WT) and Rev1-Tg mice using diverse approaches, including whole-exome sequencing (WES). In Rev1-Tg TLs, the mutation frequency was higher than that in WT TL in most cases. However, no difference in the number of nonsynonymous mutations in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) genes was observed, and mutations involved in Notch1 and MAPK signaling were similarly detected in both TLs. Mutational signature analysis of WT and Rev1-Tg TLs revealed cosine similarity with COSMIC mutational SBS5 (aging-related) and SBS11 (alkylation-related). Interestingly, the total number of mutations, but not the genotypes of WT and Rev1-Tg, was positively correlated with the relative contribution of SBS5 in individual TLs, suggesting that genetic instability could be accelerated in Rev1-Tg TLs. Finally, we demonstrated that preleukemic cells could be detected earlier in Rev1-Tg mice than in WT mice, following MNU treatment. In conclusion, Rev1 overexpression accelerates mutagenesis and increases the incidence of MNU-induced TL by shortening the latency period, which may be associated with more frequent DNA damage-induced genetic instability.
Collapse
Grants
- Network-Type Joint Usage/Research Center for Radiation Disaster Medical Science at Hiroshima University, Nagasaki University, and Fukushima Medical University
- NIFS10KOBS015 National Institute for Fusion Science Collaborative Research Program
- NIFS13KOBA028 National Institute for Fusion Science Collaborative Research Program
- NIFS20KOCA004 National Institute for Fusion Science Collaborative Research Program
- Initiative for Realizing Diversity in the Research Environment (Specific Correspondence Type), a support project for the Development of Human Resources in Science and Technology conducted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 20710043 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS KAKENHI
- 22310037 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS KAKENHI
- 22710055 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS KAKENHI
- JPMX08S08080294 Nuclear Energy S&T and Human Resource Development Project
- Initiative for Realizing Diversity in the Research Environment (Specific Correspondence Type), a support project for the Development of Human Resources in Science and Technology conducted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS KAKENHI
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Sasatani
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Kazuhiro Daino
- Department of Radiation Effects ResearchInstitute for Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Atsuko Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Effects ResearchInstitute for Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Genome DynamicsResearch Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaco‐BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Junko Kajimura
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Biosample Research Center, Radiation Effects Research FoundationHiroshimaJapan
| | - Jinlian Piao
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Elena Karamfilova Zaharieva
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Honda
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Guanyu Zhou
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Kanya Hamasaki
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesRadiation Effects Research FoundationHiroshimaJapan
| | - Yoichiro Kusunoki
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesRadiation Effects Research FoundationHiroshimaJapan
| | - Tsutomu Shimura
- Department of Environmental HealthNational Institute of Public HealthSaitamaJapan
| | - Shizuko Kakinuma
- Department of Radiation Effects ResearchInstitute for Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | | | - Kazutaka Doi
- Department of Radiation Regulatory Science ResearchInstitute for Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | | | - Yusuke Sotomaru
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and DevelopmentHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Kenji Kamiya
- Department of Experimental OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Blocker SJ, Mowery YM, Everitt JI, Cook J, Cofer GP, Qi Y, Bassil AM, Xu ES, Kirsch DG, Badea CT, Johnson GA. MR histology reveals tissue features beneath heterogeneous MRI signal in genetically engineered mouse models of sarcoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1287479. [PMID: 38884083 PMCID: PMC11176416 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1287479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify significant relationships between quantitative cytometric tissue features and quantitative MR (qMRI) intratumorally in preclinical undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS). Materials and methods In a prospective study of genetically engineered mouse models of UPS, we registered imaging libraries consisting of matched multi-contrast in vivo MRI, three-dimensional (3D) multi-contrast high-resolution ex vivo MR histology (MRH), and two-dimensional (2D) tissue slides. From digitized histology we generated quantitative cytometric feature maps from whole-slide automated nuclear segmentation. We automatically segmented intratumoral regions of distinct qMRI values and measured corresponding cytometric features. Linear regression analysis was performed to compare intratumoral qMRI and tissue cytometric features, and results were corrected for multiple comparisons. Linear correlations between qMRI and cytometric features with p values of <0.05 after correction for multiple comparisons were considered significant. Results Three features correlated with ex vivo apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and no features correlated with in vivo ADC. Six features demonstrated significant linear relationships with ex vivo T2*, and fifteen features correlated significantly with in vivo T2*. In both cases, nuclear Haralick texture features were the most prevalent type of feature correlated with T2*. A small group of nuclear topology features also correlated with one or both T2* contrasts, and positive trends were seen between T2* and nuclear size metrics. Conclusion Registered multi-parametric imaging datasets can identify quantitative tissue features which contribute to UPS MR signal. T2* may provide quantitative information about nuclear morphology and pleomorphism, adding histological insights to radiological interpretation of UPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Blocker
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - James Cook
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Gary Price Cofer
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yi Qi
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alex M Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Eric S Xu
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - David G Kirsch
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - G Allan Johnson
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stevens JB, Riley BA, Je J, Gao Y, Wang C, Mowery YM, Brizel DM, Yin FF, Liu JG, Lafata KJ. Radiomics on spatial-temporal manifolds via Fokker-Planck dynamics. Med Phys 2024; 51:3334-3347. [PMID: 38190505 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delta radiomics is a high-throughput computational technique used to describe quantitative changes in serial, time-series imaging by considering the relative change in radiomic features of images extracted at two distinct time points. Recent work has demonstrated a lack of prognostic signal of radiomic features extracted using this technique. We hypothesize that this lack of signal is due to the fundamental assumptions made when extracting features via delta radiomics, and that other methods should be investigated. PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to show a proof-of-concept of a new radiomics paradigm for sparse, time-series imaging data, where features are extracted from a spatial-temporal manifold modeling the time evolution between images, and to assess the prognostic value on patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). METHODS To accomplish this, we developed an algorithm to mathematically describe the relationship between two images acquired at timet = 0 $t = 0$ andt > 0 $t > 0$ . These images serve as boundary conditions of a partial differential equation describing the transition from one image to the other. To solve this equation, we propagate the position and momentum of each voxel according to Fokker-Planck dynamics (i.e., a technique common in statistical mechanics). This transformation is driven by an underlying potential force uniquely determined by the equilibrium image. The solution generates a spatial-temporal manifold (3 spatial dimensions + time) from which we define dynamic radiomic features. First, our approach was numerically verified by stochastically sampling dynamic Gaussian processes of monotonically decreasing noise. The transformation from high to low noise was compared between our Fokker-Planck estimation and simulated ground-truth. To demonstrate feasibility and clinical impact, we applied our approach to 18F-FDG-PET images to estimate early metabolic response of patients (n = 57) undergoing definitive (chemo)radiation for OPC. Images were acquired pre-treatment and 2-weeks intra-treatment (after 20 Gy). Dynamic radiomic features capturing changes in texture and morphology were then extracted. Patients were partitioned into two groups based on similar dynamic radiomic feature expression via k-means clustering and compared by Kaplan-Meier analyses with log-rank tests (p < 0.05). These results were compared to conventional delta radiomics to test the added value of our approach. RESULTS Numerical results confirmed our technique can recover image noise characteristics given sparse input data as boundary conditions. Our technique was able to model tumor shrinkage and metabolic response. While no delta radiomics features proved prognostic, Kaplan-Meier analyses identified nine significant dynamic radiomic features. The most significant feature was Gray-Level-Size-Zone-Matrix gray-level variance (p = 0.011), which demonstrated prognostic improvement over its corresponding delta radiomic feature (p = 0.722). CONCLUSIONS We developed, verified, and demonstrated the prognostic value of a novel, physics-based radiomics approach over conventional delta radiomics via data assimilation of quantitative imaging and differential equations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack B Stevens
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Breylon A Riley
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jihyeon Je
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Chunhao Wang
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center/University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David M Brizel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fang-Fang Yin
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kyle J Lafata
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su C, Kent CL, Pierpoint M, Floyd W, Luo L, Wiliams NT, Ma Y, Peng B, Lazarides AL, Subramanian A, Himes JE, Perez VM, Hernansaiz-Ballesteros RD, Roche KE, Modliszewski JL, Selitsky SR, Mari Shinohara, Wisdom AJ, Moding EJ, Mowery YM, Kirsch DG. Enhancing radiotherapy response via intratumoral injection of the TLR9 agonist CpG to stimulate CD8 T cells in an autochthonous mouse model of sarcoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.03.573968. [PMID: 38260522 PMCID: PMC10802286 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.03.573968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is frequently used to treat cancers including soft tissue sarcomas. Prior studies established that the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG) enhances the response to radiation therapy (RT) in transplanted tumors, but the mechanism(s) remain unclear. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 and the chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) to generate autochthonous soft tissue sarcomas with high tumor mutation burden. Treatment with a single fraction of 20 Gy RT and two doses of CpG significantly enhanced tumor response, which was abrogated by genetic or immunodepletion of CD8+ T cells. To characterize the immune response to RT + CpG, we performed bulk RNA-seq, single-cell RNA-seq, and mass cytometry. Sarcomas treated with 20 Gy and CpG demonstrated increased CD8 T cells expressing markers associated with activation and proliferation, such as Granzyme B, Ki-67, and interferon-γ. CpG + RT also upregulated antigen presentation pathways on myeloid cells. Furthermore, in sarcomas treated with CpG + RT, TCR clonality analysis suggests an increase in clonal T-cell dominance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that RT + CpG significantly delays tumor growth in a CD8 T cell-dependent manner. These results provide a strong rationale for clinical trials evaluating CpG or other TLR9 agonists with RT in patients with soft tissue sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Collin L. Kent
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew Pierpoint
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nerissa T. Wiliams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Ajay Subramanian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan E. Himes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mari Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy J. Wisdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Everett J. Moding
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Iorgulescu JB, Ruthen N, Ahn R, Panagioti E, Gokhale PC, Neagu M, Speranza MC, Eschle BK, Soroko KM, Piranlioglu R, Datta M, Krishnan S, Yates KB, Baker GJ, Jain RK, Suvà ML, Neuberg D, White FM, Chiocca EA, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH, Wu CJ, Reardon DA. Antigen presentation deficiency, mesenchymal differentiation, and resistance to immunotherapy in the murine syngeneic CT2A tumor model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1297932. [PMID: 38213329 PMCID: PMC10782385 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1297932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The GL261 and CT2A syngeneic tumor lines are frequently used as immunocompetent orthotopic mouse models of human glioblastoma (huGBM) but demonstrate distinct differences in their responses to immunotherapy. Methods To decipher the cell-intrinsic mechanisms that drive immunotherapy resistance in CT2A-luc and to define the aspects of human cancer biology that these lines can best model, we systematically compared their characteristics using whole exome and transcriptome sequencing, and protein analysis through immunohistochemistry, Western blot, flow cytometry, immunopeptidomics, and phosphopeptidomics. Results The transcriptional profiles of GL261-luc2 and CT2A-luc tumors resembled those of some huGBMs, despite neither line sharing the essential genetic or histologic features of huGBM. Both models exhibited striking hypermutation, with clonal hotspot mutations in RAS genes (Kras p.G12C in GL261-luc2 and Nras p.Q61L in CT2A-luc). CT2A-luc distinctly displayed mesenchymal differentiation, upregulated angiogenesis, and multiple defects in antigen presentation machinery (e.g. Tap1 p.Y488C and Psmb8 p.A275P mutations) and interferon response pathways (e.g. copy number losses of loci including IFN genes and reduced phosphorylation of JAK/STAT pathway members). The defect in MHC class I expression could be overcome in CT2A-luc by interferon-γ treatment, which may underlie the modest efficacy of some immunotherapy combinations. Additionally, CT2A-luc demonstrated substantial baseline secretion of the CCL-2, CCL-5, and CCL-22 chemokines, which play important roles as myeloid chemoattractants. Conclusion Although the clinical contexts that can be modeled by GL261 and CT2A for huGBM are limited, CT2A may be an informative model of immunotherapy resistance due to its deficits in antigen presentation machinery and interferon response pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Bryan Iorgulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Neil Ruthen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryuhjin Ahn
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Eleni Panagioti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Prafulla C. Gokhale
- Experimental Therapeutics Core and Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Martha Neagu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria C. Speranza
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin K. Eschle
- Experimental Therapeutics Core and Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kara M. Soroko
- Experimental Therapeutics Core and Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Raziye Piranlioglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meenal Datta
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Shanmugarajan Krishnan
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathleen B. Yates
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gregory J. Baker
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mario L. Suvà
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Donna Neuberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Forest M. White
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - E. Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gordon J. Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arlene H. Sharpe
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Catherine J. Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - David A. Reardon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Daniel AR, Su C, Williams NT, Li Z, Huang J, Lopez O, Luo L, Ma Y, Campos LDS, Selitsky SR, Modliszewski JL, Liu S, Hernansaiz-Ballesteros R, Mowery YM, Cardona DM, Lee CL, Kirsch DG. Temporary Knockdown of p53 During Focal Limb Irradiation Increases the Development of Sarcomas. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2455-2467. [PMID: 37982576 PMCID: PMC10697056 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Approximately half of patients with cancer receive radiotherapy and, as cancer survivorship increases, the low rate of radiation-associated sarcomas is rising. Pharmacologic inhibition of p53 has been proposed as an approach to ameliorate acute injury of normal tissues from genotoxic therapies, but how this might impact the risk of therapy-induced cancer and normal tissue injuries remains unclear. We utilized mice that express a doxycycline (dox)-inducible p53 short hairpin RNA to reduce Trp53 expression temporarily during irradiation. Mice were placed on a dox diet 10 days prior to receiving 30 or 40 Gy hind limb irradiation in a single fraction and then returned to normal chow. Mice were examined weekly for sarcoma development and scored for radiation-induced normal tissue injuries. Radiation-induced sarcomas were subjected to RNA sequencing. Following single high-dose irradiation, 21% of animals with temporary p53 knockdown during irradiation developed a sarcoma in the radiation field compared with 2% of control animals. Following high-dose irradiation, p53 knockdown preserves muscle stem cells, and increases sarcoma development. Mice with severe acute radiation-induced injuries exhibit an increased risk of developing late persistent wounds, which were associated with sarcomagenesis. RNA sequencing revealed radiation-induced sarcomas upregulate genes related to translation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, and the cell cycle. Comparison of the transcriptomes of human and mouse sarcomas that arose in irradiated tissues revealed regulation of common gene programs, including elevated EMT pathway gene expression. These results suggest that blocking p53 during radiotherapy could minimize acute toxicity while exacerbating late effects including second cancers. SIGNIFICANCE Strategies to prevent or mitigate acute radiation toxicities include pharmacologic inhibition of p53 and other cell death pathways. Our data show that temporarily reducing p53 during irradiation increases late effects including sarcomagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R. Daniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nerissa T. Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jianguo Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Omar Lopez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Sara R. Selitsky
- QuantBio LLC, Durham, North Carolina
- Tempus Labs, Inc., Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Siyao Liu
- QuantBio LLC, Durham, North Carolina
- Tempus Labs, Inc., Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Diana M. Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chang-Lung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Monti S, Truppa ME, Albanese S, Mancini M. Radiomics and Radiogenomics in Preclinical Imaging on Murine Models: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1204. [PMID: 37623455 PMCID: PMC10455673 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, medical imaging technologies have become increasingly significant in both clinical and preclinical research, leading to a better understanding of disease processes and the development of new diagnostic and theranostic methods. Radiomic and radiogenomic approaches have furthered this progress by exploring the relationship between imaging characteristics, genomic information, and outcomes that qualitative interpretations may have overlooked, offering valuable insights for personalized medicine. Preclinical research allows for a controlled environment where various aspects of a pathology can be replicated in animal models, providing radiomic and radiogenomic approaches with the unique opportunity to investigate the causal connection between imaging and molecular factors. The aim of this review is to present the current state of the art in the application of radiomics and radiogenomics on murine models. This review will provide a brief description of relevant articles found in the literature with a discussion on the implications and potential translational relevance of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Albanese
- National Research Council, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, 80145 Naples, Italy; (S.M.); (M.E.T.); (M.M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Floyd W, Pierpoint M, Su C, Patel R, Luo L, Deland K, Wisdom AJ, Zhu D, Ma Y, DeWitt SB, Williams NT, Lazarides AL, Somarelli JA, Corcoran DL, Eward WC, Cardona DM, Kirsch DG. Atrx deletion impairs CGAS/STING signaling and increases sarcoma response to radiation and oncolytic herpesvirus. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e149310. [PMID: 37200088 PMCID: PMC10313374 DOI: 10.1172/jci149310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
ATRX is one of the most frequently altered genes in solid tumors, and mutation is especially frequent in soft tissue sarcomas. However, the role of ATRX in tumor development and response to cancer therapies remains poorly understood. Here, we developed a primary mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma and showed that Atrx-deleted tumors were more sensitive to radiation therapy and to oncolytic herpesvirus. In the absence of Atrx, irradiated sarcomas had increased persistent DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, and mitotic catastrophe. Our work also showed that Atrx deletion resulted in downregulation of the CGAS/STING signaling pathway at multiple points in the pathway and was not driven by mutations or transcriptional downregulation of the CGAS/STING pathway components. We found that both human and mouse models of Atrx-deleted sarcoma had a reduced adaptive immune response, markedly impaired CGAS/STING signaling, and increased sensitivity to TVEC, an oncolytic herpesvirus that is currently FDA approved for the treatment of aggressive melanomas. Translation of these results to patients with ATRX-mutant cancers could enable genomically guided cancer therapy approaches to improve patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warren Floyd
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and
| | | | - Chang Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and
| | - Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine Deland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy J. Wisdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Nerissa T. Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jason A. Somarelli
- Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David L. Corcoran
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Diana M. Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology and
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Himes JE, Wisdom AJ, Wang L, Shepard SJ, Daniel AR, Williams N, Luo L, Ma Y, Mowery YM, Kirsch DG. Both CD8 and CD4 T cells contribute to immunosurveillance preventing the development of neoantigen-expressing autochthonous sarcomas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.04.535550. [PMID: 37066384 PMCID: PMC10104072 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.535550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive immune system plays an essential anti-tumor role through immunosurveillance and response to immunotherapies. Characterizing phenotypic features and mechanisms of dysfunction of tumor-specific T cell populations may uncover novel immunotherapeutic targets and biomarkers of response. To study tumor-specific T cell responses in vivo, a tumor model must express a known neoantigen. While transplant models with known neoantigen expression are widely available, autochthonous tumor models in which the tumor coevolves with the immune system are limited. In this study, we combined CRISPR/Cas9 and sleeping beauty transposase technology to develop an autochthonous orthotopic murine sarcoma model with oncogenic KrasG12D, functionally impaired p53, and expression of known MHCI and MHCII sarcoma neoantigens. Using MHC tetramer flow cytometry, we identified a tumor-specific immune response in the peripheral blood as early as 10 days after tumor induction leading to tumor clearance. Tumors developed at high penetrance after co-depletion of CD8 and CD4 T cells, but depletion of either CD8 or CD4 T cells alone was insufficient to permit tumor growth. These results suggest that CD8 and CD4 T cells can independently contribute to immunosurveillance leading to clearance of sarcomas expressing MHCI and MHCII neoantigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon E. Himes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Amy J. Wisdom
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Laura Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sam J. Shepard
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Andrea R. Daniel
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Nerissa Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peehl DM, Badea CT, Chenevert TL, Daldrup-Link HE, Ding L, Dobrolecki LE, Houghton AM, Kinahan PE, Kurhanewicz J, Lewis MT, Li S, Luker GD, Ma CX, Manning HC, Mowery YM, O’Dwyer PJ, Pautler RG, Rosen MA, Roudi R, Ross BD, Shoghi KI, Sriram R, Talpaz M, Wahl RL, Zhou R. Animal Models and Their Role in Imaging-Assisted Co-Clinical Trials. Tomography 2023; 9:657-680. [PMID: 36961012 PMCID: PMC10037611 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of high-fidelity animal models for oncology research has grown enormously in recent years, enabling preclinical studies relevant to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer to be undertaken. This has led to increased opportunities to conduct co-clinical trials, which are studies on patients that are carried out parallel to or sequentially with animal models of cancer that mirror the biology of the patients' tumors. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) are considered to be the models that best represent human disease and have high translational value. Notably, one element of co-clinical trials that still needs significant optimization is quantitative imaging. The National Cancer Institute has organized a Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program (CIRP) network to establish best practices for co-clinical imaging and to optimize translational quantitative imaging methodologies. This overview describes the ten co-clinical trials of investigators from eleven institutions who are currently supported by the CIRP initiative and are members of the Animal Models and Co-clinical Trials (AMCT) Working Group. Each team describes their corresponding clinical trial, type of cancer targeted, rationale for choice of animal models, therapy, and imaging modalities. The strengths and weaknesses of the co-clinical trial design and the challenges encountered are considered. The rich research resources generated by the members of the AMCT Working Group will benefit the broad research community and improve the quality and translational impact of imaging in co-clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. Peehl
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Thomas L. Chenevert
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (T.L.C.); (G.D.L.); (B.D.R.)
| | - Heike E. Daldrup-Link
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (H.E.D.-L.); (R.R.)
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (L.D.); (S.L.); (C.X.M.)
| | - Lacey E. Dobrolecki
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | | | - Paul E. Kinahan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA;
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Michael T. Lewis
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (L.D.); (S.L.); (C.X.M.)
| | - Gary D. Luker
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (T.L.C.); (G.D.L.); (B.D.R.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Cynthia X. Ma
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (L.D.); (S.L.); (C.X.M.)
| | - H. Charles Manning
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Peter J. O’Dwyer
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (P.J.O.); (M.A.R.); (R.Z.)
| | - Robia G. Pautler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Mark A. Rosen
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (P.J.O.); (M.A.R.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (H.E.D.-L.); (R.R.)
| | - Brian D. Ross
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (T.L.C.); (G.D.L.); (B.D.R.)
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kooresh I. Shoghi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (MIR), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (K.I.S.); (R.L.W.)
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Moshe Talpaz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Richard L. Wahl
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (MIR), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (K.I.S.); (R.L.W.)
| | - Rong Zhou
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (P.J.O.); (M.A.R.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Marritt KL, Hildebrand KM, Hildebrand KN, Singla AK, Zemp FJ, Mahoney DJ, Jirik FR, Monument MJ. Intratumoral STING activation causes durable immunogenic tumor eradication in the KP soft tissue sarcoma model. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1087991. [PMID: 36700206 PMCID: PMC9868147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1087991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly metastatic, connective-tissue lineage solid cancers. Immunologically, sarcomas are frequently characterized by a paucity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and an immune suppressive microenvironment. Activation of the STING pathway can induce potent immune-driven anti-tumor responses within immunogenic solid tumors; however, this strategy has not been evaluated in immunologically cold sarcomas. Herein, we assessed the therapeutic response of intratumoral STING activation in an immunologically cold murine model of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). Materials and Results A single intratumoral injection of the murine STING agonist, DMXAA resulted in durable cure in up to 60% of UPS-bearing mice. In mice with synchronous lung metastases, STING activation within hindlimb tumors resulted in 50% cure in both anatomic sites. Surviving mice all rejected UPS re-challenge in the hindlimb and lung. Therapeutic efficacy of STING was inhibited by lymphocyte deficiency but unaffected by macrophage deficiency. Immune phenotyping demonstrated enrichment of lymphocytic responses in tumors at multiple timepoints following treatment. Immune checkpoint blockade enhanced survival following STING activation. Discussion These data suggest intratumoral activation of the STING pathway elicits local and systemic anti-tumor immune responses in a lymphocyte poor sarcoma model and deserves further evaluation as an adjunctive local and systemic treatment for sarcomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla L. Marritt
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karys M. Hildebrand
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kurt N. Hildebrand
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Arvind K. Singla
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Franz J. Zemp
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Douglas J. Mahoney
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Frank R. Jirik
- McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael J. Monument
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Michael J. Monument,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Patel R, Mowery YM, Qi Y, Bassil AM, Holbrook M, Xu ES, Hong CS, Himes JE, Williams NT, Everitt J, Ma Y, Luo L, Selitsky SR, Modliszewski JL, Gao J, Jung SH, Kirsch DG, Badea CT. Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy and Surgery Improves Metastasis-Free Survival over Surgery Alone in a Primary Mouse Model of Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:112-122. [PMID: 36162051 PMCID: PMC9812921 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate whether adding neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT), anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody (anti-PD-1), or RT + anti-PD-1 to surgical resection improves disease-free survival for mice with soft tissue sarcomas (STS). We generated a high mutational load primary mouse model of STS by intramuscular injection of adenovirus expressing Cas9 and guide RNA targeting Trp53 and intramuscular injection of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) into the gastrocnemius muscle of wild-type mice (p53/MCA model). We randomized tumor-bearing mice to receive isotype control or anti-PD-1 antibody with or without radiotherapy (20 Gy), followed by hind limb amputation. We used micro-CT to detect lung metastases with high spatial resolution, which was confirmed by histology. We investigated whether sarcoma metastasis was regulated by immunosurveillance by lymphocytes or tumor cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Compared with surgery with isotype control antibody, the combination of anti-PD-1, radiotherapy, and surgery improved local recurrence-free survival (P = 0.035) and disease-free survival (P = 0.005), but not metastasis-free survival. Mice treated with radiotherapy, but not anti-PD-1, showed significantly improved local recurrence-free survival and metastasis-free survival over surgery alone (P = 0.043 and P = 0.007, respectively). The overall metastasis rate was low (∼12%) in the p53/MCA sarcoma model, which limited the power to detect further improvement in metastasis-free survival with addition of anti-PD-1 therapy. Tail vein injections of sarcoma cells into immunocompetent mice suggested that impaired metastasis was due to inability of sarcoma cells to grow in the lungs rather than a consequence of immunosurveillance. In conclusion, neoadjuvant radiotherapy improves metastasis-free survival after surgery in a primary model of STS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA,Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Yi Qi
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Alex M. Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Matt Holbrook
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Eric S. Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Cierra S. Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Jonathon E. Himes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Nerissa T. Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Jeffrey Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | | | | | - Junheng Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Sin-Ho Jung
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708 USA,Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Borchmann S, Selenz C, Lohmann M, Ludwig H, Gassa A, Brägelmann J, Lohneis P, Meder L, Mattlener J, Breid S, Nill M, Fassunke J, Wisdom AJ, Compes A, Gathof B, Alakus H, Kirsch D, Hekmat K, Büttner R, Reinhardt HC, Hallek M, Ullrich RT. Tripartite antigen-agnostic combination immunotherapy cures established poorly immunogenic tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004781. [PMID: 36223955 PMCID: PMC9562723 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-agent immunotherapy has shown remarkable efficacy in selected cancer entities and individual patients. However, most patients fail to respond. This is likely due to diverse immunosuppressive mechanisms acting in a concerted way to suppress the host anti-tumor immune response. Combination immunotherapy approaches that are effective in such poorly immunogenic tumors mostly rely on precise knowledge of antigenic determinants on tumor cells. Creating an antigen-agnostic combination immunotherapy that is effective in poorly immunogenic tumors for which an antigenic determinant is not known is a major challenge. METHODS We use multiple cell line and poorly immunogenic syngeneic, autochthonous, and autologous mouse models to evaluate the efficacy of a novel combination immunotherapy named tripartite immunotherapy (TRI-IT). To elucidate TRI-ITs mechanism of action we use immune cell depletions and comprehensive tumor and immune infiltrate characterization by flow cytometry, RNA sequencing and diverse functional assays. RESULTS We show that combined adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) with lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytokine-induced killer cells, Vγ9Vδ2-T-cells (γδ-T-cells) and T-cells enriched for tumor recognition (CTLs) display synergistic antitumor effects, which are further enhanced by cotreatment with anti-PD1 antibodies. Most strikingly, the full TRI-IT protocol, a combination of this ACT with anti-PD1 antibodies, local immunotherapy of agonists against toll-like receptor 3, 7 and 9 and pre-ACT lymphodepletion, eradicates and induces durable anti-tumor immunity in a variety of poorly immunogenic syngeneic, autochthonous, as well as autologous humanized patient-derived models. Mechanistically, we show that TRI-IT coactivates adaptive cellular and humoral, as well as innate antitumor immune responses to mediate its antitumor effect without inducing off-target toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Overall, TRI-IT is a novel, highly effective, antigen-agnostic, non-toxic combination immunotherapy. In this study, comprehensive insights into its preclinical efficacy, even in poorly immunogenic tumors, and mode of action are given, so that translation into clinical trials is the next step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Borchmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Selenz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mia Lohmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hanna Ludwig
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Asmae Gassa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohneis
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Mattlener
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sara Breid
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marieke Nill
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana Fassunke
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amy J Wisdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anik Compes
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Gathof
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hakan Alakus
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Khosro Hekmat
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - H Christian Reinhardt
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen,University Duisburg-Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK partner site Essen), Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland T Ullrich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Esperança-Martins M, F.Duarte I, Rodrigues M, Soares do Brito J, López-Presa D, Costa L, Fernandes I, Dias S. On the Relevance of Soft Tissue Sarcomas Metabolic Landscape Mapping. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11430. [PMID: 36232732 PMCID: PMC9570318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) prognosis is disappointing, with current treatment strategies being based on a "fit for all" principle and not taking distinct sarcoma subtypes specificities and genetic/metabolic differences into consideration. The paucity of precision therapies in STS reflects the shortage of studies that seek to decipher the sarcomagenesis mechanisms. There is an urge to improve STS diagnosis precision, refine STS classification criteria, and increase the capability of identifying STS prognostic biomarkers. Single-omics and multi-omics studies may play a key role on decodifying sarcomagenesis. Metabolomics provides a singular insight, either as a single-omics approach or as part of a multi-omics strategy, into the metabolic adaptations that support sarcomagenesis. Although STS metabolome is scarcely characterized, untargeted and targeted metabolomics approaches employing different data acquisition methods such as mass spectrometry (MS), MS imaging, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provided important information, warranting further studies. New chromatographic, MS, NMR-based, and flow cytometry-based methods will offer opportunities to therapeutically target metabolic pathways and to monitorize the response to such metabolic targeting therapies. Here we provide a comprehensive review of STS omics applications, comprising a detailed analysis of studies focused on the metabolic landscape of these tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Esperança-Martins
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Vascular Biology & Cancer Microenvironment Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Translational Oncobiology Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Iola F.Duarte
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mara Rodrigues
- Vascular Biology & Cancer Microenvironment Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Soares do Brito
- Orthopedics Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Dolores López-Presa
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Translational Oncobiology Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Clínica Universitária de Oncologia Médica, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Fernandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Translational Oncobiology Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Clínica Universitária de Oncologia Médica, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Dias
- Vascular Biology & Cancer Microenvironment Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Clínica Universitária de Oncologia Médica, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carvalho FL, Mossanen M, Van Allen EM, Mouw KW. Reply to Yuxuan Song, Yiqing Du, and Tao Xu’s Letter to the Editor re: Matthew Mossanen, Filipe L.F. Carvalho, Vinayak Muralidhar, et al. Genomic Features of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Arising After Prostate Radiotherapy. Eur Urol 2022;81:466–73. Eur Urol 2022; 82:e141-e142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Arconada-Luque E, Jiménez-Suarez J, Pascual-Serra R, Nam-Cha SH, Moline T, Cimas FJ, Fliquete G, Ortega-Muelas M, Roche O, Fernández-Aroca DM, Muñoz Velasco R, García-Flores N, Garnés-García C, Sánchez-Fdez A, Matilla-Almazán S, Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo VJ, Hernández-Losa J, Belandia B, Pandiella A, Esparís-Ogando A, Ramón y Cajal S, del Peso L, Sánchez-Prieto R, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ. ERK5 Is a Major Determinant of Chemical Sarcomagenesis: Implications in Human Pathology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143509. [PMID: 35884568 PMCID: PMC9316148 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcoma is a heterogeneous group of tumors poorly studied with few therapeutic opportunities. Interestingly, the role of MAPKs still remains unclear in sarcomatous pathology. Here, we describe for the first time the critical role of ERK5 in the biology of soft tissue sarcoma by using in vitro and in vivo approaches in a murine experimental model of chemical sarcomagenesis. Indeed, our observations were extrapolated to a short series of human leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcomas. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis allows us to demonstrate the critical role of KLF2 in the biological effects of ERK5. Therefore, the data presented here open new windows in the diagnosis and therapy of soft tissue sarcomas. Abstract Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors in which the role of ERK5 is poorly studied. To clarify the role of this MAPK in sarcomatous pathology, we used a murine 3-methyl-cholanthrene (3MC)-induced sarcoma model. Our data show that 3MC induces pleomorphic sarcomas with muscle differentiation, showing an increased expression of ERK5. Indeed, this upregulation was also observed in human sarcomas of muscular origin, such as leiomyosarcoma or rhabdomyosarcoma. Moreover, in cell lines derived from these 3MC-induced tumors, abrogation of Mapk7 expression by using specific shRNAs decreased in vitro growth and colony-forming capacity and led to a marked loss of tumor growth in vivo. In fact, transcriptomic profiling in ERK5 abrogated cell lines by RNAseq showed a deregulated gene expression pattern for key biological processes such as angiogenesis, migration, motility, etc., correlating with a better prognostic in human pathology. Finally, among the various differentially expressed genes, Klf2 is a key mediator of the biological effects of ERK5 as indicated by its specific interference, demonstrating that the ERK5–KLF2 axis is an important determinant of sarcoma biology that should be further studied in human pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arconada-Luque
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Jaime Jiménez-Suarez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Raquel Pascual-Serra
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Syong Hyun Nam-Cha
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Teresa Moline
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Francisco J. Cimas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Servicio de Instrumentación Biomédica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Germán Fliquete
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Marta Ortega-Muelas
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Olga Roche
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Raúl Muñoz Velasco
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (V.J.S.-A.L.)
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Flores
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Cristina Garnés-García
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Adrián Sánchez-Fdez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sofía Matilla-Almazán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Víctor J. Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (V.J.S.-A.L.)
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Losa
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Borja Belandia
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Azucena Esparís-Ogando
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Santiago Ramón y Cajal
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Luis del Peso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBERES, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBM-CSIC)-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - María José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Allphin AJ, Mowery YM, Lafata KJ, Clark DP, Bassil AM, Castillo R, Odhiambo D, Holbrook MD, Ghaghada KB, Badea CT. Photon Counting CT and Radiomic Analysis Enables Differentiation of Tumors Based on Lymphocyte Burden. Tomography 2022; 8:740-753. [PMID: 35314638 PMCID: PMC8938796 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate if radiomic analysis based on spectral micro-CT with nanoparticle contrast-enhancement can differentiate tumors based on lymphocyte burden. High mutational load transplant soft tissue sarcomas were initiated in Rag2+/− and Rag2−/− mice to model varying lymphocyte burden. Mice received radiation therapy (20 Gy) to the tumor-bearing hind limb and were injected with a liposomal iodinated contrast agent. Five days later, animals underwent conventional micro-CT imaging using an energy integrating detector (EID) and spectral micro-CT imaging using a photon-counting detector (PCD). Tumor volumes and iodine uptakes were measured. The radiomic features (RF) were grouped into feature-spaces corresponding to EID, PCD, and spectral decomposition images. The RFs were ranked to reduce redundancy and increase relevance based on TL burden. A stratified repeated cross validation strategy was used to assess separation using a logistic regression classifier. Tumor iodine concentration was the only significantly different conventional tumor metric between Rag2+/− (TLs present) and Rag2−/− (TL-deficient) tumors. The RFs further enabled differentiation between Rag2+/− and Rag2−/− tumors. The PCD-derived RFs provided the highest accuracy (0.68) followed by decomposition-derived RFs (0.60) and the EID-derived RFs (0.58). Such non-invasive approaches could aid in tumor stratification for cancer therapy studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Allphin
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.A.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kyle J. Lafata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Darin P. Clark
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
| | - Alex M. Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
| | - Rico Castillo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
| | - Diana Odhiambo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
| | - Matthew D. Holbrook
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- E.B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.A.); (C.T.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Johnson TR, Bassil AM, Williams NT, Brundage S, Kent CL, Palmer G, Mowery YM, Oldham M. An investigation of kV mini-GRID spatially fractionated radiation therapy: dosimetry and preclinical trial. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67:10.1088/1361-6560/ac508c. [PMID: 35100573 PMCID: PMC9167045 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To develop and characterize novel methods of extreme spatially fractionated kV radiation therapy (including mini-GRID therapy) and to evaluate efficacy in the context of a pre-clinical mouse study.Approach. Spatially fractionated GRIDs were precision-milled from 3 mm thick lead sheets compatible with mounting on a 225 kVp small animal irradiator (X-Rad). Three pencil-beam GRIDs created arrays of 1 mm diameter beams, and three 'bar' GRIDs created 1 × 20 mm rectangular fields. GRIDs projected 20 × 20 mm2fields at isocenter, and beamlets were spaced at 1, 1.25, and 1.5 mm, respectively. Peak-to-valley ratios and dose distributions were evaluated with Gafchromic film. Syngeneic transplant tumors were induced by intramuscular injection of a soft tissue sarcoma cell line into the gastrocnemius muscle of C57BL/6 mice. Tumor-bearing mice were randomized to four groups: unirradiated control, conventional irradiation of entire tumor, GRID therapy, and hemi-irradiation (half-beam block, 50% tumor volume treated). All irradiated mice received a single fraction of 15 Gy.Results. High peak-to-valley ratios were achieved (bar GRIDs: 11.9 ± 0.9, 13.6 ± 0.4, 13.8 ± 0.5; pencil-beam GRIDs: 18.7 ± 0.6, 26.3 ± 1.5, 31.0 ± 3.3). Pencil-beam GRIDs could theoretically spare more intra-tumor immune cells than bar GRIDs, but they treat less tumor tissue (3%-4% versus 19%-23% area receiving 90% prescription, respectively). Bar GRID and hemi-irradiation treatments significantly delayed tumor growth (P < 0.05), but not as much as a conventional treatment (P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in tumor growth delay between GRID and hemi-irradiation.Significance. High peak-to-valley ratios were achieved with kV grids: two-to-five times higher than values reported in literature for MV grids. GRID irradiation and hemi-irradiation delayed tumor growth, but neither was as effective as conventional whole tumor uniform dose treatment. Single fraction GRID therapy could not initiate an anti-cancer immune response strong enough to match conventional RT outcomes, but follow-up studies will evaluate the combination of mini-GRID with immune checkpoint blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Johnson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Alex M Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Simon Brundage
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Collin L Kent
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Greg Palmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Mark Oldham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Genomic Features of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Arising After Prostate Radiotherapy. Eur Urol 2021; 81:466-473. [PMID: 34953602 PMCID: PMC9018481 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a rare but serious event following definitive radiation for prostate cancer. Radiation-associated MIBC (RA-MIBC) can be difficult to manage given the challenges of delivering definitive therapy to a previously irradiated pelvis. The genomic landscape of RA-MIBC and whether it is distinct from non-RA-MIBC are unknown. OBJECTIVE To define mutational features of RA-MIBC and compare the genomic landscape of RA-MIBC with that of non-RA-MIBC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We identified patients from our institution who received radiotherapy for prostate cancer and subsequently developed MIBC. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS We performed whole exome sequencing of bladder tumors from RA-MIBC patients. Tumor genetic alterations including mutations, copy number alterations, and mutational signatures were identified and were compared with genetic features of non-RA-MIBC. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate recurrence-free (RFS) and overall (OS) survival. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS We identified 19 RA-MIBC patients with available tumor tissue (n = 22 tumors) and clinical data. The median age was 76 yr, and the median time from prostate cancer radiation to RA-MIBC was 12 yr. The median RFS was 14.5 mo and the median OS was 22.0 mo. Compared with a cohort of non-RA-MIBC analyzed in parallel, there was no difference in tumor mutational burden, but RA-MIBCs had a significantly increased number of short insertions and deletions (indels) consistent with previous radiation exposure. We identified mutation signatures characteristic of APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis, aging, and homologous recombination deficiency. The frequency of mutations in many known bladder cancer genes, including TP53, KDM6A, and RB1, as well as copy number alterations such as CDKN2A loss was similar in RA-MIBC and non-RA-MIBC. CONCLUSIONS We identified unique mutational properties that likely contribute to the distinct biological and clinical features of RA-MIBC. PATIENT SUMMARY Bladder cancer is a rare but serious diagnosis following radiation for prostate cancer. We characterized genetic features of bladder tumors arising after prostate radiotherapy, and identify similarities with and differences from bladder tumors from patients without previous radiation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Simonsen LC, Slaba TC. Improving astronaut cancer risk assessment from space radiation with an ensemble model framework. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2021; 31:14-28. [PMID: 34689946 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to NASA space radiation risk modeling has successfully extended the current NASA probabilistic cancer risk model to an ensemble framework able to consider sub-model parameter uncertainty as well as model-form uncertainty associated with differing theoretical or empirical formalisms. Ensemble methodologies are already widely used in weather prediction, modeling of infectious disease outbreaks, and certain terrestrial radiation protection applications to better understand how uncertainty may influence risk decision-making. Applying ensemble methodologies to space radiation risk projections offers the potential to efficiently incorporate emerging research results, allow for the incorporation of future models, improve uncertainty quantification, and reduce the impact of subjective bias. Moreover, risk forecasting across an ensemble of multiple predictive models can provide stakeholders additional information on risk acceptance if current health/medical standards cannot be met for future space exploration missions, such as human missions to Mars. In this work, ensemble risk projections implementing multiple sub-models of radiation quality, dose and dose-rate effectiveness factors, excess risk, and latency are presented. Initial consensus methods for ensemble model weights and correlations to account for individual model bias are discussed. In these analyses, the ensemble forecast compares well to results from NASA's current operational cancer risk projection model used to assess permissible mission durations for astronauts. However, a large range of projected risk values are obtained at the upper 95th confidence level where models must extrapolate beyond available biological data sets. Closer agreement is seen at the median ± one sigma due to the inherent similarities in available models. Identification of potential new models, epidemiological data, and methods for statistical correlation between predictive ensemble members are discussed. Alternate ways of communicating risk and acceptable uncertainty with respect to NASA's current permissible exposure limits are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tony C Slaba
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shoghi KI, Badea CT, Blocker SJ, Chenevert TL, Laforest R, Lewis MT, Luker GD, Manning HC, Marcus DS, Mowery YM, Pickup S, Richmond A, Ross BD, Vilgelm AE, Yankeelov TE, Zhou R. Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program (CIRP): Bridging the Translational Divide to Advance Precision Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:273-287. [PMID: 32879897 PMCID: PMC7442091 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health’s (National Cancer Institute) precision medicine initiative emphasizes the biological and molecular bases for cancer prevention and treatment. Importantly, it addresses the need for consistency in preclinical and clinical research. To overcome the translational gap in cancer treatment and prevention, the cancer research community has been transitioning toward using animal models that more fatefully recapitulate human tumor biology. There is a growing need to develop best practices in translational research, including imaging research, to better inform therapeutic choices and decision-making. Therefore, the National Cancer Institute has recently launched the Co-Clinical Imaging Research Resource Program (CIRP). Its overarching mission is to advance the practice of precision medicine by establishing consensus-based best practices for co-clinical imaging research by developing optimized state-of-the-art translational quantitative imaging methodologies to enable disease detection, risk stratification, and assessment/prediction of response to therapy. In this communication, we discuss our involvement in the CIRP, detailing key considerations including animal model selection, co-clinical study design, need for standardization of co-clinical instruments, and harmonization of preclinical and clinical quantitative imaging pipelines. An underlying emphasis in the program is to develop best practices toward reproducible, repeatable, and precise quantitative imaging biomarkers for use in translational cancer imaging and therapy. We will conclude with our thoughts on informatics needs to enable collaborative and open science research to advance precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Stephanie J Blocker
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | - Richard Laforest
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H Charles Manning
- Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes-Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Daniel S Marcus
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, Durham, NC
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Brian D Ross
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Anna E Vilgelm
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Diagnostic Medicine, and Oncology, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX; and.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Clark D, Badea C. Advances in micro-CT imaging of small animals. Phys Med 2021; 88:175-192. [PMID: 34284331 PMCID: PMC8447222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Micron-scale computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging is a ubiquitous, cost-effective, and non-invasive three-dimensional imaging modality. We review recent developments and applications of micro-CT for preclinical research. METHODS Based on a comprehensive review of recent micro-CT literature, we summarize features of state-of-the-art hardware and ongoing challenges and promising research directions in the field. RESULTS Representative features of commercially available micro-CT scanners and some new applications for both in vivo and ex vivo imaging are described. New advancements include spectral scanning using dual-energy micro-CT based on energy-integrating detectors or a new generation of photon-counting x-ray detectors (PCDs). Beyond two-material discrimination, PCDs enable quantitative differentiation of intrinsic tissues from one or more extrinsic contrast agents. When these extrinsic contrast agents are incorporated into a nanoparticle platform (e.g. liposomes), novel micro-CT imaging applications are possible such as combined therapy and diagnostic imaging in the field of cancer theranostics. Another major area of research in micro-CT is in x-ray phase contrast (XPC) imaging. XPC imaging opens CT to many new imaging applications because phase changes are more sensitive to density variations in soft tissues than standard absorption imaging. We further review the impact of deep learning on micro-CT. We feature several recent works which have successfully applied deep learning to micro-CT data, and we outline several challenges specific to micro-CT. CONCLUSIONS All of these advancements establish micro-CT imaging at the forefront of preclinical research, able to provide anatomical, functional, and even molecular information while serving as a testbench for translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D.P. Clark
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - C.T. Badea
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Miallot R, Galland F, Millet V, Blay JY, Naquet P. Metabolic landscapes in sarcomas. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:114. [PMID: 34294128 PMCID: PMC8296645 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring offers novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer. Until recently, there was scant information regarding soft tissue sarcomas, due to their heterogeneous tissue origin, histological definition and underlying genetic history. Novel large-scale genomic and metabolomics approaches are now helping stratify their physiopathology. In this review, we show how various genetic alterations skew activation pathways and orient metabolic rewiring in sarcomas. We provide an update on the contribution of newly described mechanisms of metabolic regulation. We underscore mechanisms that are relevant to sarcomagenesis or shared with other cancers. We then discuss how diverse metabolic landscapes condition the tumor microenvironment, anti-sarcoma immune responses and prognosis. Finally, we review current attempts to control sarcoma growth using metabolite-targeting drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Miallot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
| | - Franck Galland
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Millet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 1, Lyon Recherche Innovation contre le Cancer, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Reddy VK, Vapiwala N. Secondary malignancy after radiotherapy: not always a secondary concern. Nat Rev Urol 2021; 18:513-514. [PMID: 34083799 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishruth K Reddy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neha Vapiwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee CL, Brock KD, Hasapis S, Zhang D, Sibley AB, Qin X, Gresham JS, Caraballo I, Luo L, Daniel AR, Hilton MJ, Owzar K, Kirsch DG. Whole-Exome Sequencing of Radiation-Induced Thymic Lymphoma in Mouse Models Identifies Notch1 Activation as a Driver of p53 Wild-Type Lymphoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3777-3790. [PMID: 34035082 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma are widely used to study the development of radiation-induced blood cancers and to gain insights into the biology of human T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Here we aimed to identify key oncogenic drivers for the development of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma by performing whole-exome sequencing using tumors and paired normal tissues from mice with and without irradiation. Thymic lymphomas from irradiated wild-type (WT), p53+/-, and KrasLA1 mice were not observed to harbor significantly higher numbers of nonsynonymous somatic mutations compared with thymic lymphomas from unirradiated p53-/- mice. However, distinct patterns of recurrent mutations arose in genes that control the Notch1 signaling pathway based on the mutational status of p53. Preferential activation of Notch1 signaling in p53 WT lymphomas was also observed at the RNA and protein level. Reporter mice for activation of Notch1 signaling revealed that total-body irradiation (TBI) enriched Notch1hi CD44+ thymocytes that could propagate in vivo after thymocyte transplantation. Mechanistically, genetic inhibition of Notch1 signaling in immature thymocytes prevented formation of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma in p53 WT mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate a critical role of activated Notch1 signaling in driving multistep carcinogenesis of thymic lymphoma following TBI in p53 WT mice. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings reveal the mutational landscape and key drivers in murine radiation-induced thymic lymphoma, a classic animal model that has been used to study radiation carcinogenesis for over 70 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kennedy D Brock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephanie Hasapis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dadong Zhang
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alexander B Sibley
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Xiaodi Qin
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jeremy S Gresham
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Isibel Caraballo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrea R Daniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew J Hilton
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Blocker SJ, Cook J, Mowery YM, Everitt JI, Qi Y, Hornburg KJ, Cofer GP, Zapata F, Bassil AM, Badea CT, Kirsch DG, Johnson GA. Ex Vivo MR Histology and Cytometric Feature Mapping Connect Three-dimensional in Vivo MR Images to Two-dimensional Histopathologic Images of Murine Sarcomas. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2021; 3:e200103. [PMID: 34018846 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.2021200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To establish a platform for quantitative tissue-based interpretation of cytoarchitecture features from tumor MRI measurements. Materials and Methods In a pilot preclinical study, multicontrast in vivo MRI of murine soft-tissue sarcomas in 10 mice, followed by ex vivo MRI of fixed tissues (termed MR histology), was performed. Paraffin-embedded limb cross-sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, digitized, and registered with MRI. Registration was assessed by using binarized tumor maps and Dice similarity coefficients (DSCs). Quantitative cytometric feature maps from histologic slides were derived by using nuclear segmentation and compared with registered MRI, including apparent diffusion coefficients and transverse relaxation times as affected by magnetic field heterogeneity (T2* maps). Cytometric features were compared with each MR image individually by using simple linear regression analysis to identify the features of interest, and the goodness of fit was assessed on the basis of R2 values. Results Registration of MR images to histopathologic slide images resulted in mean DSCs of 0.912 for ex vivo MR histology and 0.881 for in vivo MRI. Triplicate repeats showed high registration repeatability (mean DSC, >0.9). Whole-slide nuclear segmentations were automated to detect nuclei on histopathologic slides (DSC = 0.8), and feature maps were generated for correlative analysis with MR images. Notable trends were observed between cell density and in vivo apparent diffusion coefficients (best line fit: R2 = 0.96, P < .001). Multiple cytoarchitectural features exhibited linear relationships with in vivo T2* maps, including nuclear circularity (best line fit: R2 = 0.99, P < .001) and variance in nuclear circularity (best line fit: R2 = 0.98, P < .001). Conclusion An infrastructure for registering and quantitatively comparing in vivo tumor MRI with traditional histologic analysis was successfully implemented in a preclinical pilot study of soft-tissue sarcomas. Keywords: MRI, Pathology, Animal Studies, Tissue Characterization Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Blocker
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - James Cook
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Yi Qi
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Kathryn J Hornburg
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Gary P Cofer
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Fernando Zapata
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Alex M Bassil
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Cristian T Badea
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - David G Kirsch
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| | - G Allan Johnson
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.B., J.C., Y.Q., K.H., G.P.C., F.Z., C.T.B., G.A.J.), Radiation Oncology (Y.M.M., A.M.B., D.G.K.), and Pathology (J.I.E.), Duke University Medical Center, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sha ST, Dee EC, Mossanen M, Mahal BA, Zaslowe-Dude C, Royce TJ, Hirsch MS, Sonpavde G, Preston MA, Nguyen PL, Mouw KW, Muralidhar V. Clinical characterization of radiation-associated muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Urology 2021; 154:208-214. [PMID: 33857569 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the presentation, patterns of care, and outcomes of radiation-associated muscle-invasive bladder cancer (RA-MIBC) compared to primary (non-radiation associated) MIBC. RA-MIBC has been suggested to represent a more aggressive disease variant and be more difficult to treat compared to primary (non-radiation associated) MIBC. METHODS We identified 60,090 patients diagnosed with MIBC between 1988-2015 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and stratified patients based on whether radiation had been administered to a prior pelvic primary cancer. We used Fine-Gray competing risks regression to compare adjusted bladder cancer-specific mortality (BCSM) for RA-MIBC compared to primary MIBC. RESULTS There were 1,093 patients with RA-MIBC and 58,997 patients with primary MIBC. RA-MIBCs were more likely to be T4 at diagnosis (21.0% vs 17.3%, P < .001), and less likely to be node-positive (10.3% vs 17.1%, P < .001). The rate of 5-year BCSM was significantly higher for patients with RA-MIBC vs primary MIBC (56.1% vs 35.3%, AHR 1.24, P < .001), even after stratification by other tumor, treatment and patient-specific factors. CONCLUSION RA-MIBCs tended to present with higher grade and T stage disease and were less likely to receive curative treatment. Even when accounting for stage, grade, and receipt of treatment, patients with RA-MIBC had worse survival compared to those with primary MIBC. These findings suggest that RA-MIBC present unique clinical challenges and may also represent a biologically more aggressive disease compared to primary MIBC. Future research is needed to better understand the biology of RA-MIBC and develop improved treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sybil T Sha
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH; Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Edward Christopher Dee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew Mossanen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Brandon A Mahal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Cierra Zaslowe-Dude
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Trevor J Royce
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Guru Sonpavde
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mark A Preston
- Department of Urology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul L Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kent W Mouw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vinayak Muralidhar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Preclinical In Vivo Modeling of Pediatric Sarcoma-Promises and Limitations. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081578. [PMID: 33918045 PMCID: PMC8069549 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric sarcomas are an extremely heterogeneous group of genetically distinct diseases. Despite the increasing knowledge on their molecular makeup in recent years, true therapeutic advancements are largely lacking and prognosis often remains dim, particularly for relapsed and metastasized patients. Since this is largely due to the lack of suitable model systems as a prerequisite to develop and assess novel therapeutics, we here review the available approaches to model sarcoma in vivo. We focused on genetically engineered and patient-derived mouse models, compared strengths and weaknesses, and finally explored possibilities and limitations to utilize these models to advance both biological understanding as well as clinical diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
|
31
|
Wisdom AJ, Mowery YM, Hong CS, Himes JE, Nabet BY, Qin X, Zhang D, Chen L, Fradin H, Patel R, Bassil AM, Muise ES, King DA, Xu ES, Carpenter DJ, Kent CL, Smythe KS, Williams NT, Luo L, Ma Y, Alizadeh AA, Owzar K, Diehn M, Bradley T, Kirsch DG. Single cell analysis reveals distinct immune landscapes in transplant and primary sarcomas that determine response or resistance to immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6410. [PMID: 33335088 PMCID: PMC7746723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy fails to cure most cancer patients. Preclinical studies indicate that radiotherapy synergizes with immunotherapy, promoting radiation-induced antitumor immunity. Most preclinical immunotherapy studies utilize transplant tumor models, which overestimate patient responses. Here, we show that transplant sarcomas are cured by PD-1 blockade and radiotherapy, but identical treatment fails in autochthonous sarcomas, which demonstrate immunoediting, decreased neoantigen expression, and tumor-specific immune tolerance. We characterize tumor-infiltrating immune cells from transplant and primary tumors, revealing striking differences in their immune landscapes. Although radiotherapy remodels myeloid cells in both models, only transplant tumors are enriched for activated CD8+ T cells. The immune microenvironment of primary murine sarcomas resembles most human sarcomas, while transplant sarcomas resemble the most inflamed human sarcomas. These results identify distinct microenvironments in murine sarcomas that coevolve with the immune system and suggest that patients with a sarcoma immune phenotype similar to transplant tumors may benefit most from PD-1 blockade and radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Wisdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Cierra S Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Jonathon E Himes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Barzin Y Nabet
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Xiaodi Qin
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | - Lan Chen
- Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Hélène Fradin
- Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Alex M Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | - Daniel A King
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eric S Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - David J Carpenter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Collin L Kent
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Ash A Alizadeh
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Maximilian Diehn
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Todd Bradley
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li Z, Yu DS, Doetsch PW, Werner E. Replication stress and FOXM1 drive radiation induced genomic instability and cell transformation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235998. [PMID: 33253193 PMCID: PMC7703902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the vast majority of research that has focused on the immediate effects of ionizing radiation, this work concentrates on the molecular mechanism driving delayed effects that emerge in the progeny of the exposed cells. We employed functional protein arrays to identify molecular changes induced in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (HBEC3-KT) and osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS) and evaluated their impact on outcomes associated with radiation induced genomic instability (RIGI) at day 5 and 7 post-exposure to a 2Gy X-ray dose, which revealed replication stress in the context of increased FOXM1b expression. Irradiated cells had reduced DNA replication rate detected by the DNA fiber assay and increased DNA resection detected by RPA foci and phosphorylation. Irradiated cells increased utilization of homologous recombination-dependent repair detected by a gene conversion assay and DNA damage at mitosis reflected by RPA positive chromosomal bridges, micronuclei formation and 53BP1 positive bodies in G1, all known outcomes of replication stress. Interference with the function of FOXM1, a transcription factor widely expressed in cancer, employing an aptamer, decreased radiation-induced micronuclei formation and cell transformation while plasmid-driven overexpression of FOXM1b was sufficient to induce replication stress, micronuclei formation and cell transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhentian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - David S. Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Doetsch
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity and Structural Biology, NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erica Werner
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lauder SN, Milutinovic S, Pires A, Smart K, Godkin A, Gallimore A. Using methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas to study tumor immunology. Methods Cell Biol 2020; 163:59-75. [PMID: 33785169 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models of cancer are essential in furthering our understanding both of the mechanisms that drive tumor development and the immune response that develops in parallel, and also in providing a platform for testing novel anti-cancer therapies. The majority of solid tumor models available rely on the injection of existing cancer cell lines into naïve hosts which, while providing quick and reproducible model systems, typically lack the development of a tumor microenvironment that recapitulates those seen in human cancers. Administration of the carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), allows tumors to develop in situ, forming a tumor microenvironment with an established stroma and vasculature. This article provides a detailed set of protocols for the administration of MCA into mice and the subsequent monitoring of tumors. Protocols are also provided for some of the routinely used downstream applications that can be used for MCA tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Lauder
- Division of Infection Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - S Milutinovic
- Division of Infection Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - A Pires
- Division of Infection Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - K Smart
- Division of Infection Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - A Godkin
- Division of Infection Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - A Gallimore
- Division of Infection Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Holbrook MD, Clark DP, Badea CT. Dual source hybrid spectral micro-CT using an energy-integrating and a photon-counting detector. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:205012. [PMID: 32702686 PMCID: PMC7770809 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aba8b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical micro-CT provides a hotbed in which to develop new imaging technologies, including spectral CT using photon counting detector (PCD) technology. Spectral imaging using PCDs promises to expand x-ray CT as a functional imaging modality, capable of molecular imaging, while maintaining CT's role as a powerful anatomical imaging modality. However, the utility of PCDs suffers due to distorted spectral measurements, affecting the accuracy of material decomposition. We attempt to improve material decomposition accuracy using our novel hybrid dual-source micro-CT system which combines a PCD and an energy integrating detector. Comparisons are made between PCD-only and hybrid CT results, both reconstructed with our iterative, multi-channel algorithm based on the split Bregman method and regularized with rank-sparse kernel regression. Multi-material decomposition is performed post-reconstruction for separation of iodine (I), gold (Au), gadolinium (Gd), and calcium (Ca). System performance is evaluated first in simulations, then in micro-CT phantoms, and finally in an in vivo experiment with a genetically modified p53fl/fl mouse cancer model with Au, Gd, and I nanoparticle (NP)-based contrasts agents. Our results show that the PCD-only and hybrid CT reconstructions offered very similar spatial resolution at 10% MTF (PCD: 3.50 lp mm-1; hybrid: 3.47 lp mm-1) and noise characteristics given by the noise power spectrum. For material decomposition we note successful separation of the four basis materials. We found that hybrid reconstruction reduces RMSE by an average of 37% across all material maps when compared to PCD-only of similar dose but does not provide much difference in terms of concentration accuracy. The in vivo results show separation of targeted Au and accumulated Gd NPs in the tumor from intravascular iodine NPs and bone. Hybrid spectral micro-CT can benefit nanotechnology and cancer research by providing quantitative imaging to test and optimize various NPs for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Holbrook
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Adaptation and selection shape clonal evolution of tumors during residual disease and recurrence. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5017. [PMID: 33024122 PMCID: PMC7539014 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival and recurrence of residual tumor cells following therapy constitutes one of the biggest obstacles to obtaining cures in breast cancer, but it remains unclear how the clonal composition of tumors changes during relapse. We use cellular barcoding to monitor clonal dynamics during tumor recurrence in vivo. We find that clonal diversity decreases during tumor regression, residual disease, and recurrence. The recurrence of dormant residual cells follows several distinct routes. Approximately half of the recurrent tumors exhibit clonal dominance with a small number of subclones comprising the vast majority of the tumor; these clonal recurrences are frequently dependent upon Met gene amplification. A second group of recurrent tumors comprises thousands of subclones, has a clonal architecture similar to primary tumors, and is dependent upon the Jak/Stat pathway. Thus the regrowth of dormant tumors proceeds via multiple routes, producing recurrent tumors with distinct clonal composition, genetic alterations, and drug sensitivities. The cellular composition of recurrent tumors can provide insight into resistance to therapy and inform on second line therapies. Here, using a genetically modified mouse, the authors perform barcoding experiments of the primary tumors to allow them to study the clonal dynamics of tumor recurrence.
Collapse
|
36
|
Hendrickson PG, Luo Y, Kohlmann W, Schiffman J, Maese L, Bishop AJ, Lloyd S, Kokeny KE, Hitchcock YJ, Poppe MM, Gaffney DK, Tao R. Radiation therapy and secondary malignancy in Li-Fraumeni syndrome: A hereditary cancer registry study. Cancer Med 2020; 9:7954-7963. [PMID: 32931654 PMCID: PMC7643676 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Li‐Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a rare cancer‐predisposing condition caused by germline mutations in TP53. Conventional wisdom and prior work has implied an increased risk of secondary malignancy in LFS patients treated with radiation therapy (RT); however, this risk is not well‐characterized. Here we describe the risk of subsequent malignancy and cancer‐related death in LFS patients after undergoing RT for a first or second primary cancer. Methods We reviewed a multi‐institutional hereditary cancer registry of patients with germline TP53 mutations who were treated from 2004 to 2017. We assessed the rate of subsequent malignancy and death in the patients who received RT (RT group) as part of their cancer treatment compared to those who did not (non‐RT group). Results Forty patients with LFS were identified and 14 received RT with curative intent as part of their cancer treatment. The median time to follow‐up after RT was 4.5 years. Fifty percent (7/14) of patients in the curative‐intent group developed a subsequent malignancy (median time 3.5 years) compared to 46% of patients in the non‐RT group (median time 5.0 years). Four of seven subsequent malignancies occurred within a prior radiation field and all shared histology with the primary cancer suggesting recurrence rather than new malignancy. Conclusion We found that four of14 patients treated with RT developed in‐field malignancies. All had the same histology as the primary suggesting local recurrences rather than RT‐induced malignancies. We recommend that RT should be considered as part of the treatment algorithm when clinically indicated and after multidisciplinary discussion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Hendrickson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Wendy Kohlmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Josh Schiffman
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Luke Maese
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Andrew J Bishop
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shane Lloyd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kristine E Kokeny
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ying J Hitchcock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Matthew M Poppe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David K Gaffney
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Randa Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Holbrook MD, Blocker SJ, Mowery YM, Badea A, Qi Y, Xu ES, Kirsch DG, Johnson GA, Badea CT. MRI-Based Deep Learning Segmentation and Radiomics of Sarcoma in Mice. Tomography 2020; 6:23-33. [PMID: 32280747 PMCID: PMC7138523 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2019.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-animal imaging is an essential tool that provides noninvasive, longitudinal insight into novel cancer therapies. However, considerable variability in image analysis techniques can lead to inconsistent results. We have developed quantitative imaging for application in the preclinical arm of a coclinical trial by using a genetically engineered mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were acquired 1 day before and 1 week after radiation therapy. After the second MRI, the primary tumor was surgically removed by amputating the tumor-bearing hind limb, and mice were followed for up to 6 months. An automatic analysis pipeline was used for multicontrast MRI data using a convolutional neural network for tumor segmentation followed by radiomics analysis. We then calculated radiomics features for the tumor, the peritumoral area, and the 2 combined. The first radiomics analysis focused on features most indicative of radiation therapy effects; the second radiomics analysis looked for features that might predict primary tumor recurrence. The segmentation results indicated that Dice scores were similar when using multicontrast versus single T2-weighted data (0.863 vs 0.861). One week post RT, larger tumor volumes were measured, and radiomics analysis showed greater heterogeneity. In the tumor and peritumoral area, radiomics features were predictive of primary tumor recurrence (AUC: 0.79). We have created an image processing pipeline for high-throughput, reduced-bias segmentation of multiparametric tumor MRI data and radiomics analysis, to better our understanding of preclinical imaging and the insights it provides when studying new cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Holbrook
- Departments of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy; and
| | - S. J. Blocker
- Departments of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy; and
| | - Y. M. Mowery
- Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - A. Badea
- Departments of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy; and
| | - Y. Qi
- Departments of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy; and
| | - E. S. Xu
- Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - D. G. Kirsch
- Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - G. A. Johnson
- Departments of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy; and
| | - C. T. Badea
- Departments of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy; and
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yen YT, Chien M, Lai YC, Chen DP, Chuong CM, Hung MC, Hung SC. PP2A Deficiency Enhances Carcinogenesis of Lgr5 + Intestinal Stem Cells Both in Organoids and In Vivo. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010090. [PMID: 31905853 PMCID: PMC7017129 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In most cancers, cellular origin and the contribution of intrinsic and extrinsic factors toward transformation remain elusive. Cell specific carcinogenesis models are currently unavailable. To investigate cellular origin in carcinogenesis, we developed a tumorigenesis model based on a combination of carcinogenesis and genetically engineered mouse models. We show in organoids that treatment of any of three carcinogens, DMBA, MNU, or PhIP, with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) knockout induced tumorigenesis in Lgr5+ intestinal lineage, but not in differentiated cells. These transformed cells increased in stem cell signature, were upregulated in EMT markers, and acquired tumorigenecity. A mechanistic approach demonstrated that tumorigenesis was dependent on Wnt, PI3K, and RAS-MAPK activation. In vivo combination with carcinogen and PP2A depletion also led to tumor formation. Using whole-exome sequencing, we demonstrate that these intestinal tumors display mutation landscape and core driver pathways resembling human intestinal tumor in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). These data provide a basis for understanding the interplay between extrinsic carcinogen and intrinsic genetic modification and suggest that PP2A functions as a tumor suppressor in intestine carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Yen
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (M.C.)
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - May Chien
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (M.C.)
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Yung-Chih Lai
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Dao-Peng Chen
- Kim Forest Enterprise Co., Ltd., Taipei 22175, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (C.-M.C.)
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (M.C.)
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (C.-M.C.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liao HW, Garris C, Pfirschke C, Rickelt S, Arlauckas S, Siwicki M, Kohler RH, Weissleder R, Sundvold-Gjerstad V, Sveinbjørnsson B, Rekdal Ø, Pittet MJ. LTX-315 sequentially promotes lymphocyte-independent and lymphocyte-dependent antitumor effects. Cell Stress 2019; 3:348-360. [PMID: 31799501 PMCID: PMC6859426 DOI: 10.15698/cst2019.11.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
LTX-315 is an oncolytic peptide that has antitumor efficacy in mice grafted with various tumor cell lines and is currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. Here we aimed to further evaluate LTX-315 in conditional genetic mouse models of cancer that typically resist current treatment options and to better understand the drug's mode of action in vivo. We report LTX-315 mediates profound antitumor effects against Braf- and Pten-driven melanoma and delays the progression of Kras- and P53-driven soft tissue sarcoma in mice. Additionally, we show in melanoma that LTX-315 triggers two sequential phases of antitumor response. The first phase of response, which begins within minutes of drug delivery into tumors, is defined by disrupted tumor vasculature and decreased tumor burden and occurs independently of lymphocytes. The second phase of response, which continues over weeks, is defined by long-term alteration of the tumor microenvironment; the changes induced by LTX-315 are most notably characterized by CD8+ T cell infiltration. We further show that these CD8+ T cells are involved in suppressing melanoma outgrowth in mice and report similar CD8+ T cell infiltration following LTX-315 treatment in melanoma and sarcoma patients. Taken together, these findings reveal LTX-315's multiple antitumor effects, including disrupting the tumor vasculature and promoting the conversion of poorly immunogenic tumors into ones that display antitumor T cell immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Liao
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Christopher Garris
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Christina Pfirschke
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steffen Rickelt
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean Arlauckas
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie Siwicki
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer H. Kohler
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Baldur Sveinbjørnsson
- Lytix Biopharma, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øystein Rekdal
- Lytix Biopharma, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mikael J. Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hovhannisyan G, Harutyunyan T, Aroutiounian R, Liehr T. DNA Copy Number Variations as Markers of Mutagenic Impact. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194723. [PMID: 31554154 PMCID: PMC6801639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA copy number variation (CNV) occurs due to deletion or duplication of DNA segments resulting in a different number of copies of a specific DNA-stretch on homologous chromosomes. Implications of CNVs in evolution and development of different diseases have been demonstrated although contribution of environmental factors, such as mutagens, in the origin of CNVs, is poorly understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about mutagen-induced CNVs in human, animal and plant cells. Differences in CNV frequencies induced by radiation and chemical mutagens, distribution of CNVs in the genome, as well as adaptive effects in plants, are discussed. Currently available information concerning impact of mutagens in induction of CNVs in germ cells is presented. Moreover, the potential of CNVs as a new endpoint in mutagenicity test-systems is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina Hovhannisyan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Tigran Harutyunyan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Rouben Aroutiounian
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Nearly two-thirds of cancer patients are treated with radiation therapy (RT), often with the intent to achieve complete and permanent tumor regression (local control). RT is the primary treatment modality used to achieve local control for many malignancies, including locally advanced cervical cancer, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer. The addition of concurrent platinum-based radiosensitizing chemotherapy improves local control and patient survival. Enhanced outcomes with concurrent chemoradiotherapy may result from increased direct killing of tumor cells and effects on nontumor cell populations. Many patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy exhibit a decline in neutrophil count, but the effects of neutrophils on radiation therapy are controversial. To investigate the clinical significance of neutrophils in the response to RT, we examined patient outcomes and circulating neutrophil counts in cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation. Although pretreatment neutrophil count did not correlate with outcome, lower absolute neutrophil count after starting concurrent chemoradiotherapy was associated with higher rates of local control, metastasis-free survival, and overall survival. To define the role of neutrophils in tumor response to RT, we used genetic and pharmacological approaches to deplete neutrophils in an autochthonous mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma. Neutrophil depletion prior to image-guided focal irradiation improved tumor response to RT. Our results indicate that neutrophils promote resistance to radiation therapy. The efficacy of chemoradiotherapy may depend on the impact of treatment on peripheral neutrophil count, which has the potential to serve as an inexpensive and widely available biomarker.
Collapse
|