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Al Ashmar S, Anlar GG, Krzyslak H, Djouhri L, Kamareddine L, Pedersen S, Zeidan A. Proteomic Analysis of Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Patients: Exploring the Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4896. [PMID: 38732116 PMCID: PMC11084483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a pervasive and widespread health condition that poses a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which includes conditions such as heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. Despite its widespread occurrence, the exact cause of hypertension remains unknown, and the mechanisms underlying the progression from prehypertension to hypertension require further investigation. Recent proteomic studies have shown promising results in uncovering potential biomarkers related to disease development. In this study, serum proteomic data collected from Qatar Biobank were analyzed to identify altered protein expression between individuals with normal blood pressure, prehypertension, and hypertension and to elucidate the biological pathways contributing to this disease. The results revealed a cluster of proteins, including the SRC family, CAMK2B, CAMK2D, TEC, GSK3, VAV, and RAC, which were markedly upregulated in patients with hypertension compared to those with prehypertension (fold change ≥ 1.6 or ≤-1.6, area under the curve ≥ 0.8, and q-value < 0.05). Pathway analysis showed that the majority of these proteins play a role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Actin cytoskeleton reorganization affects various biological processes that contribute to the maintenance of blood pressure, including vascular tone, endothelial function, cellular signaling, inflammation, fibrosis, and mechanosensing. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest a potential novel role of actin cytoskeleton-related proteins in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension. The present study sheds light on the underlying pathological mechanisms involved in hypertension and could pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al Ashmar
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Gulsen Guliz Anlar
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Hubert Krzyslak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark;
| | - Laiche Djouhri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Layla Kamareddine
- Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
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Casarella S, Ferla F, Di Francesco D, Canciani E, Rizzi M, Boccafoschi F. Focal Adhesion's Role in Cardiomyocytes Function: From Cardiomyogenesis to Mechanotransduction. Cells 2024; 13:664. [PMID: 38667279 PMCID: PMC11049660 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction refers to the ability of cells to sense mechanical stimuli and convert them into biochemical signals. In this context, the key players are focal adhesions (FAs): multiprotein complexes that link intracellular actin bundles and the extracellular matrix (ECM). FAs are involved in cellular adhesion, growth, differentiation, gene expression, migration, communication, force transmission, and contractility. Focal adhesion signaling molecules, including Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), integrins, vinculin, and paxillin, also play pivotal roles in cardiomyogenesis, impacting cell proliferation and heart tube looping. In fact, cardiomyocytes sense ECM stiffness through integrins, modulating signaling pathways like PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin. Moreover, FAK/Src complex activation mediates cardiac hypertrophic growth and survival signaling in response to mechanical loads. This review provides an overview of the molecular and mechanical mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between FAs and cardiac differentiation, as well as the role of FA-mediated mechanotransduction in guiding cardiac muscle responses to mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Casarella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.C.); (D.D.F.); (E.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Federica Ferla
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.C.); (D.D.F.); (E.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Dalila Di Francesco
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.C.); (D.D.F.); (E.C.); (M.R.)
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC-I, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, University Hospital Research Center, Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Elena Canciani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.C.); (D.D.F.); (E.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Manuela Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.C.); (D.D.F.); (E.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesca Boccafoschi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.C.); (D.D.F.); (E.C.); (M.R.)
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Angom RS, Joshi A, Patowary A, Sivadas A, Ramasamy S, K. V. S, Kaushik K, Sabharwal A, Lalwani MK, K. S, Singh N, Scaria V, Sivasubbu S. Forward genetic screen using a gene-breaking trap approach identifies a novel role of grin2bb-associated RNA transcript ( grin2bbART) in zebrafish heart function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1339292. [PMID: 38533084 PMCID: PMC10964321 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1339292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
LncRNA-based control affects cardiac pathophysiologies like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, hypertrophy, and myotonic muscular dystrophy. This study used a gene-break transposon (GBT) to screen zebrafish (Danio rerio) for insertional mutagenesis. We identified three insertional mutants where the GBT captured a cardiac gene. One of the adult viable GBT mutants had bradycardia (heart arrhythmia) and enlarged cardiac chambers or hypertrophy; we named it "bigheart." Bigheart mutant insertion maps to grin2bb or N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR2B) gene intron 2 in reverse orientation. Rapid amplification of adjacent cDNA ends analysis suggested a new insertion site transcript in the intron 2 of grin2bb. Analysis of the RNA sequencing of wild-type zebrafish heart chambers revealed a possible new transcript at the insertion site. As this putative lncRNA transcript satisfies the canonical signatures, we called this transcript grin2bb associated RNA transcript (grin2bbART). Using in situ hybridization, we confirmed localized grin2bbART expression in the heart, central nervous system, and muscles in the developing embryos and wild-type adult zebrafish atrium and bulbus arteriosus. The bigheart mutant had reduced Grin2bbART expression. We showed that bigheart gene trap insertion excision reversed cardiac-specific arrhythmia and atrial hypertrophy and restored grin2bbART expression. Morpholino-mediated antisense downregulation of grin2bbART in wild-type zebrafish embryos mimicked bigheart mutants; this suggests grin2bbART is linked to bigheart. Cardiovascular tissues use Grin2bb as a calcium-permeable ion channel. Calcium imaging experiments performed on bigheart mutants indicated calcium mishandling in the heart. The bigheart cardiac transcriptome showed differential expression of calcium homeostasis, cardiac remodeling, and contraction genes. Western blot analysis highlighted Camk2d1 and Hdac1 overexpression. We propose that altered calcium activity due to disruption of grin2bbART, a putative lncRNA in bigheart, altered the Camk2d-Hdac pathway, causing heart arrhythmia and hypertrophy in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramcharan Singh Angom
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Adita Joshi
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Patowary
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Ambily Sivadas
- GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Soundhar Ramasamy
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Shamsudheen K. V.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kriti Kaushik
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ankit Sabharwal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Lalwani
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Subburaj K.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Singh
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Tsare EPG, Klapa MI, Moschonas NK. Protein-protein interaction network-based integration of GWAS and functional data for blood pressure regulation analysis. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:15. [PMID: 38326862 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is valuable to analyze the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data for a complex disease phenotype in the context of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, as the related pathophysiology results from the function of interacting polyprotein pathways. The analysis may include the design and curation of a phenotype-specific GWAS meta-database incorporating genotypic and eQTL data linking to PPI and other biological datasets, and the development of systematic workflows for PPI network-based data integration toward protein and pathway prioritization. Here, we pursued this analysis for blood pressure (BP) regulation. METHODS The relational scheme of the implemented in Microsoft SQL Server BP-GWAS meta-database enabled the combined storage of: GWAS data and attributes mined from GWAS Catalog and the literature, Ensembl-defined SNP-transcript associations, and GTEx eQTL data. The BP-protein interactome was reconstructed from the PICKLE PPI meta-database, extending the GWAS-deduced network with the shortest paths connecting all GWAS-proteins into one component. The shortest-path intermediates were considered as BP-related. For protein prioritization, we combined a new integrated GWAS-based scoring scheme with two network-based criteria: one considering the protein role in the reconstructed by shortest-path (RbSP) interactome and one novel promoting the common neighbors of GWAS-prioritized proteins. Prioritized proteins were ranked by the number of satisfied criteria. RESULTS The meta-database includes 6687 variants linked with 1167 BP-associated protein-coding genes. The GWAS-deduced PPI network includes 1065 proteins, with 672 forming a connected component. The RbSP interactome contains 1443 additional, network-deduced proteins and indicated that essentially all BP-GWAS proteins are at most second neighbors. The prioritized BP-protein set was derived from the union of the most BP-significant by any of the GWAS-based or the network-based criteria. It included 335 proteins, with ~ 2/3 deduced from the BP PPI network extension and 126 prioritized by at least two criteria. ESR1 was the only protein satisfying all three criteria, followed in the top-10 by INSR, PTN11, CDK6, CSK, NOS3, SH2B3, ATP2B1, FES and FINC, satisfying two. Pathway analysis of the RbSP interactome revealed numerous bioprocesses, which are indeed functionally supported as BP-associated, extending our understanding about BP regulation. CONCLUSIONS The implemented workflow could be used for other multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evridiki-Pandora G Tsare
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Maria I Klapa
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece.
| | - Nicholas K Moschonas
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece.
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Ng GYQ, Loh ZWL, Fann DY, Mallilankaraman K, Arumugam TV, Hande MP. Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Pathways in Metabolic Diseases. Genome Integr 2024; 15:e20230003. [PMID: 38770527 PMCID: PMC11102075 DOI: 10.14293/genint.14.1.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiological processes that govern the normal functioning of mammalian cells are regulated by a myriad of signalling pathways. Mammalian mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases constitute one of the major signalling arms and have been broadly classified into four groups that include extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and ERK5. Each signalling cascade is governed by a wide array of external and cellular stimuli, which play a critical part in mammalian cells in the regulation of various key responses, such as mitogenic growth, differentiation, stress responses, as well as inflammation. This evolutionarily conserved MAP kinase signalling arm is also important for metabolic maintenance, which is tightly coordinated via complicated mechanisms that include the intricate interaction of scaffold proteins, recognition through cognate motifs, action of phosphatases, distinct subcellular localisation, and even post-translational modifications. Aberration in the signalling pathway itself or their regulation has been implicated in the disruption of metabolic homeostasis, which provides a pathophysiological foundation in the development of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is an umbrella term that usually includes a group of closely associated metabolic diseases such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension. These risk factors exacerbate the development of obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and hepatic diseases, which have accounted for an increase in the worldwide morbidity and mortality rate. This review aims to summarise recent findings that have implicated MAP kinase signalling in the development of metabolic diseases, highlighting the potential therapeutic targets of this pathway to be investigated further for the attenuation of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zachary Wai-Loon Loh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Y. Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karthik Mallilankaraman
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Javali PS, Thirumurugan K. Embelin targets PI3K/AKT and MAPK in age-related ulcerative colitis: an integrated approach of microarray analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37691456 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2255674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Vaibhdang, an Ayurvedic treatment for Crohn's and UC, has been used for centuries. The main component of Vaibhdang is embelin derived from Embelia ribes. However, the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of embelin in UC remain unclear. This study investigated the molecular targets and mechanisms of action of embelin in UC using microarray analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Embelin targets were obtained by Swiss Target, TargetNet, STITCH, ChEMBL, and TCMSP. Ulcerative colitis targets were mapped using DisGenNET, Genecards, TCMSP, Therapeutic targets, and GEO databases (GSE87466). Co-targets between ulcerative colitis and embelin were identified, and a PPI network was constructed using the STRING database. To identify the core targets, we used Cytoscape to analyze the topology of the PPI network. There were 545 effective Embelin targets and 5171 effective ulcerative colitis targets, including 1470 DEG targets. ShinyGo and AutoDock were used to analyze GO and KEGG enrichment pathways and docking studies, respectively. Venn diagram analysis revealed 327 core targets of embelin in UC. An enrichment study showed that embelin is involved in PI3K-AKT, MAPK, RAS, and chemokine signalling. The top ten core targets docked with embelin and AKT1, MAPK1, and SRC complexes were utilized as representations and simulated using GROMACS for 100 ns. A comparison of native proteins and their complex interactions with embelin revealed that embelin might act on various PI3K/AKT and MAPK targets to treat ulcerative colitis. This study provides insights into the molecular targets and mechanisms of action of embelin against ulcerative colitis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth S Javali
- Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kavitha Thirumurugan
- Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Huang Y, Zhao H, Shi X, Liu J, Lin JM, Ma Q, Jiang S, Pu W, Ma Y, Liu J, Wu W, Wang J, Liu Q. GRB2 serves as a viable target against skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis by regulating endothelial cell apoptosis. J Dermatol Sci 2023; 111:109-119. [PMID: 37661474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vascular and immune system dysfunction, along with tissue fibrosis. Our previous study found GRB2 was downregulated by salvianolic acid B, a small molecule drug that attenuated skin fibrosis of SSc. OBJECTIVES Here we aim to investigate the role of GRB2 in SSc. METHODS The microarray data of SSc skin biopsies in Caucasians were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression of GRB2 was further detected in Chinese SSc and healthy controls. Bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin fibrosis mice were used to explore how GRB2 downregulation affected fibrosis. The apoptosis of EA.hy926 endothelial cells was induced by H2O2 and apoptosis ratio was measured by flow cytometric. Transcriptome and phosphoproteomic analyses were performed to explore the regulated pathway. RESULTS The expression of GRB2 was significantly enhanced in SSc patient skin, 1.51-fold in Caucasians and 1.40-fold in Chinese. Double immunofluorescence staining showed the endothelial cells of SSc patient's skin highly expressed GRB2. The in vivo study revealed that GRB2 knockdown alleviated skin fibrosis and apoptosis of endothelial cells in BLM mouse skin. The in vitro study showed that GRB2 downregulation inhibited the apoptosis of EA.hy926 and protected them from H2O2-induced hyperpermeability. Moreover, transcriptome and phosphoproteomic analysis suggested the focal adhesion pathway was enriched in GRB2 siRNA transfected endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated GRB2 highly expressed in endothelial cells of SSc skin, and inhibiting GRB2 could effectively attenuate BLM-induced skin fibrosis and endothelial cell apoptosis. GRB2 is expected to be a new therapeutic target for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Nanjing Intellectual Property Protection Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangguang Shi
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jui-Ming Lin
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute for Six-sector Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlan Liu
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China; Department of Dermatology, Jing' an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Yu X. Promising Therapeutic Treatments for Cardiac Fibrosis: Herbal Plants and Their Extracts. Cardiol Ther 2023; 12:415-443. [PMID: 37247171 PMCID: PMC10423196 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-023-00319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is closely associated with multiple heart diseases, which are a prominent health issue in the global world. Neurohormones and cytokines play indispensable roles in cardiac fibrosis. Many signaling pathways participate in cardiac fibrosis as well. Cardiac fibrosis is due to impaired degradation of collagen and impaired fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation results in increasing heart stiffness and inharmonious activity, leading to structure alterations and finally cardiac function decline. Herbal plants have been applied in traditional medicines for thousands of years. Because of their naturality, they have attracted much attention for use in resisting cardiac fibrosis in recent years. This review sheds light on several extracts from herbal plants, which are promising therapeutics for reversing cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
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Zhou J, Tu D, Peng R, Tang Y, Deng Q, Su B, Wang S, Tang H, Jin S, Jiang G, Wang Q, Jin X, Zhang C, Cao J, Bai D. RNF173 suppresses RAF/MEK/ERK signaling to regulate invasion and metastasis via GRB2 ubiquitination in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:224. [PMID: 37626338 PMCID: PMC10464048 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) family in carcinogenesis has been widely studied, but the member of this family, RNF173, has not yet been thoroughly explored in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS With the use of an HCC tissue microarray and IHC staining, we aim to determine the differential expression of RNF173 in HCC patients and its clinical significance. The biological role of RNF173 is investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. RNA sequencing, mass spectrometry, and immunoprecipitation are performed to uncover the underlying mechanism of RNF173's impact on the development of HCC. RESULTS The mRNA and protein levels of RNF173 were significantly lower in HCC tissues than in normal tissues. HCC patients with low RNF173 expression had shorter overall survival and recurrence-free survival, and RNF173 was significantly correlated with tumor number, tumor capsule, tumor differentiation, and BCLC stage. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that RNF173 downregulation exacerbated tumor progression, including migration, invasion, and proliferation. GRB2 is a key molecule in the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. RNF173 inhibits the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling by ubiquitinating and degrading GRB2, thereby suppressing HCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Combining clinical samples, we found that HCC patients with high RNF173 and low GRB2 expression had the best prognosis. CONCLUSION RNF173 inhibits the invasion and metastasis of HCC by ubiquitinating and degrading GRB2, thereby suppressing the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. RNF173 is an independent risk factor for the survival and recurrence of HCC patients. RNF173 may serve as a novel prognostic molecule and potential therapeutic target for HCC. Video Abstract Graphical abstract Model of RNF173 on RAF/MEK/ERK signaling. RNF173 knockdown resulted in impaired ubiquitination and degradation of GRB2, leading to the activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and promotion of invasion and metastasis in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Daoyuan Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yuhong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qiangwei Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Bingbing Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Shunyi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Guoqing Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Biobank, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Subei People's Hospital Hepatobiliary Surgery. Institute of General Surgery, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Dousheng Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Subei People's Hospital Hepatobiliary Surgery. Institute of General Surgery, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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10
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Ni SH, OuYang XL, Liu X, Lin JH, Li Y, Sun SN, Deng JP, Han XW, Zhang XJ, Li H, Huang YS, Chen ZX, Lian ZM, Wang ZK, Long WJ, Wang LJ, Yang ZQ, Lu L. A molecular phenotypic screen reveals that lobetyolin alleviates cardiac dysfunction in 5/6 nephrectomized mice by inhibiting osteopontin. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154412. [PMID: 36191549 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality in patients with advanced chronic kidney diseases. The predominant abnormality observed among this population is cardiac dysfunction secondary to myocardial remodelings, such as hypertrophy and fibrosis, emphasizing the need to develop potent therapies that maintain cardiac function in patients with end-stage renal disease. AIMS To identify potential compounds and their targets as treatments for cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS) using molecular phenotyping and in vivo/in vitro experiments. METHODS Gene expression was assessed using bioinformatics and verified in animal experiments using 5/6 nephrectomized mice (NPM). Based on this information, a molecular phenotyping strategy was pursued to screen potential compounds. Picrosirius red staining, wheat germ agglutinin staining, Echocardiography, immunofluorescence staining, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were utilized to evaluate the effects of compounds on CRS in vivo. Furthermore, qPCR, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were applied to assess the effects of these compounds on macrophages/cardiac fibroblasts/cardiomyocytes. RNA-Seq analysis was performed to locate the targets of the selected compounds. Western blotting was performed to validate the targets and mechanisms. The reversibility of these effects was tested by overexpressing Osteopontin (OPN). RESULTS OPN expression increased more remarkably in individuals with uremia-induced cardiac dysfunction than in other cardiomyopathies. Lobetyolin (LBT) was identified in the compound screen, and it improved cardiac dysfunction and suppressed remodeling in NPM mice. Additionally, OPN modulated the effect of LBT on cardiac dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. Further experiments revealed that LBT suppressed OPN expression via the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS LBT improved CRS by inhibiting OPN expression through the JNK pathway. This study is the first to describe a cardioprotective effect of LBT and provides new insights into CRS drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hao Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu OuYang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Jin-Hai Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Jian-Ping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Zi-Xin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Lian
- Guangzhou integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Zhen-Kui Wang
- Guangzhou integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Wen-Jie Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Zhong-Qi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
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11
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Sun H, Qi X. The role of insulin and incretin-based drugs in biliary tract cancer: epidemiological and experimental evidence. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:70. [PMID: 35933633 PMCID: PMC9357599 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and incretin-based drugs are important antidiabetic agents with complex effects on cell growth and metabolism. Emerging evidence shows that insulin and incretin-based drugs are associated with altered risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC). Observational study reveals that insulin is associated with an increased risk of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), but not intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) or gallbladder cancer (GBC). This type-specific effect can be partly explained by the cell of origin and heterogeneous genome landscape of the three subtypes of BTC. Similar to insulin, incretin-based drugs also exhibit very interesting contradictions and inconsistencies in response to different cancer phenotypes, including BTC. Both epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that incretin-based drugs can be a promoter of some cancers and an inhibitor of others. It is now more apparent that this type of drugs has a broader range of physiological effects on the body, including regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, metabolic reprogramming, and gene expression. In particular, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) have a more complex effect on cancer due to the multi-functional nature of DPP-4. DPP-4 exerts both catalytic and non-enzymatic functions to regulate metabolic homeostasis, immune reaction, cell migration, and proliferation. In this review, we collate the epidemiological and experimental evidence regarding the effect of these two classes of drugs on BTC to provide valuable information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No.208 East Huancheng Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Qi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.573 Xujiahui Road, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Jubaidi FF, Zainalabidin S, Taib IS, Abdul Hamid Z, Mohamad Anuar NN, Jalil J, Mohd Nor NA, Budin SB. The Role of PKC-MAPK Signalling Pathways in the Development of Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiovascular Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158582. [PMID: 35955714 PMCID: PMC9369123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death among diabetic patients worldwide. Hence, cardiovascular wellbeing in diabetic patients requires utmost importance in disease management. Recent studies have demonstrated that protein kinase C activation plays a vital role in the development of cardiovascular complications via its activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, also known as PKC-MAPK pathways. In fact, persistent hyperglycaemia in diabetic conditions contribute to preserved PKC activation mediated by excessive production of diacylglycerol (DAG) and oxidative stress. PKC-MAPK pathways are involved in several cellular responses, including enhancing oxidative stress and activating signalling pathways that lead to uncontrolled cardiac and vascular remodelling and their subsequent dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the recent discovery on the role of PKC-MAPK pathways, the mechanisms involved in the development and progression of diabetic cardiovascular complications, and their potential as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular management in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Farhana Jubaidi
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (I.S.T.); (Z.A.H.); (N.A.M.N.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.J.); (S.B.B.); Tel.: +603-9289-7645 (S.S.B.)
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (S.Z.); (N.N.M.A.)
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (I.S.T.); (Z.A.H.); (N.A.M.N.)
| | - Zariyantey Abdul Hamid
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (I.S.T.); (Z.A.H.); (N.A.M.N.)
| | - Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (S.Z.); (N.N.M.A.)
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Center for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Anizah Mohd Nor
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (I.S.T.); (Z.A.H.); (N.A.M.N.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Kuala Lumpur 68100, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (I.S.T.); (Z.A.H.); (N.A.M.N.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.J.); (S.B.B.); Tel.: +603-9289-7645 (S.S.B.)
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13
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Leitner BP, Siebel S, Akingbesote ND, Zhang X, Perry RJ. Insulin and cancer: a tangled web. Biochem J 2022; 479:583-607. [PMID: 35244142 PMCID: PMC9022985 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For a century, since the pioneering work of Otto Warburg, the interwoven relationship between metabolism and cancer has been appreciated. More recently, with obesity rates rising in the U.S. and worldwide, epidemiologic evidence has supported a link between obesity and cancer. A substantial body of work seeks to mechanistically unpack the association between obesity, altered metabolism, and cancer. Without question, these relationships are multifactorial and cannot be distilled to a single obesity- and metabolism-altering hormone, substrate, or factor. However, it is important to understand the hormone-specific associations between metabolism and cancer. Here, we review the links between obesity, metabolic dysregulation, insulin, and cancer, with an emphasis on current investigational metabolic adjuncts to standard-of-care cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooks P. Leitner
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
| | - Stephan Siebel
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
- Departments of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
| | - Ngozi D. Akingbesote
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
| | - Rachel J. Perry
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A
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14
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Bottermann K, Kalfhues L, Nederlof R, Hemmers A, Leitner LM, Oenarto V, Nemmer J, Pfeffer M, Raje V, Deenen R, Petzsch P, Zabri H, Köhrer K, Reichert AS, Grandoch M, Fischer JW, Herebian D, Stegbauer J, Harris TE, Gödecke A. Cardiomyocyte p38 MAPKα suppresses a heart-adipose tissue-neutrophil crosstalk in heart failure development. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:48. [PMID: 36205817 PMCID: PMC9542472 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Although p38 MAP Kinase α (p38 MAPKα) is generally accepted to play a central role in the cardiac stress response, to date its function in maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy is still not unambiguously defined. To induce a pathological type of cardiac hypertrophy we infused angiotensin II (AngII) for 2 days via osmotic mini pumps in control and tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte (CM)-specific p38 MAPKα KO mice (iCMp38αKO) and assessed cardiac function by echocardiography, complemented by transcriptomic, histological, and immune cell analysis. AngII treatment after inactivation of p38 MAPKα in CM results in left ventricular (LV) dilatation within 48 h (EDV: BL: 83.8 ± 22.5 µl, 48 h AngII: 109.7 ± 14.6 µl) and an ectopic lipid deposition in cardiomyocytes, reflecting a metabolic dysfunction in pressure overload (PO). This was accompanied by a concerted downregulation of transcripts for oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, and fatty acid metabolism. Cardiac inflammation involving neutrophils, macrophages, B- and T-cells was significantly enhanced. Inhibition of adipose tissue lipolysis by the small molecule inhibitor of adipocytetriglyceride lipase (ATGL) Atglistatin reduced cardiac lipid accumulation by 70% and neutrophil infiltration by 30% and went along with an improved cardiac function. Direct targeting of neutrophils by means of anti Ly6G-antibody administration in vivo led to a reduced LV dilation in iCMp38αKO mice and an improved systolic function (EF: 39.27 ± 14%). Thus, adipose tissue lipolysis and CM lipid accumulation augmented cardiac inflammation in iCMp38αKO mice. Neutrophils, in particular, triggered the rapid left ventricular dilatation. We provide the first evidence that p38 MAPKα acts as an essential switch in cardiac adaptation to PO by mitigating metabolic dysfunction and inflammation. Moreover, we identified a heart-adipose tissue-immune cell crosstalk, which might serve as new therapeutic target in cardiac pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bottermann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Kalfhues
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rianne Nederlof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Hemmers
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucia M Leitner
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vici Oenarto
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jana Nemmer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mirjam Pfeffer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vidisha Raje
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Rene Deenen
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Heba Zabri
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID-Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Stegbauer
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thurl E Harris
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CARID-Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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15
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Maternal Fructose Intake Exacerbates Cardiac Remodeling in Offspring with Ventricular Pressure Overload. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093267. [PMID: 34579143 PMCID: PMC8467570 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases could be elicited by developmental programming, which is regulated by prenatal nutritional and environmental stress. In this study, we utilized a rat model to examine the effect of excessive maternal fructose intake during pregnancy and lactation on cardiac development and progression of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in offspring. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed on 3-month-old male offspring to induce ventricular pressure overload. Four weeks post-TAC, echocardiographic assessment as well as histopathological and biochemical examinations were performed on the myocardium of the offspring. Echocardiographic and gross examinations showed that heart weight, interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVD; d), and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole (LVPW; d) were elevated in offspring with TAC and further increased by maternal fructose exposure (MFE). However, the left ventricular ejection function was not significantly affected. Myocardial histopathological examination revealed that the indices of fibrosis and oxidative stress were higher in offspring with MFE and TAC than those in animals receiving either treatment. Molecular examinations on the myocardium demonstrated an MFE-induced upregulation of p38-MAPK signaling. Next generation sequence (NGS) analysis indicated a modulation of the expression levels of several cardiac hypertrophy-associated genes, including GPR22, Myh7, Nppa, P2RX4, and Npy by MFE. Subsequent RT-PCR indicated that MFE regulated the expression levels of genes responsive to cardiac hypertrophy (i.e., Myh-7, ANP) and oxidative stress (i.e., GR, GPx, and NQO-1). In conclusion, MFE during pregnancy and lactation modulated myocardial gene expression, increased oxidative stress, and exacerbated ventricular pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling in rat offspring.
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16
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Empagliflozin Disrupts a Tnfrsf12a-Mediated Feed Forward Loop That Promotes Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:619-632. [PMID: 33886003 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the cardioprotective benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are now widely appreciated, the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unresolved. Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12a (Tnfrsf12a) is a receptor for tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 12 (Tnfsf12). Tnfrsf12a is highly inducible and plays a key role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Here we set out to determine if SGLT2 inhibition affects the Tnfsf12/Tnfrsf12a system in the stressed myocardium. METHODS C57BL/6N mice that had undergone sham or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery were treated with either the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin (400 mg/kg diet; 60-65 mg/kg/day) or standard chow alone and were followed for 8 weeks. Tnfrsf12a expression in mouse hearts was assessed by in situ hybridization, qRT-PCR, and immunoblotting. RESULTS Left ventricular (LV) mass, end-systolic volume, and end-diastolic volume were all increased in TAC mice and were significantly lower with empagliflozin. Myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in TAC hearts were similarly attenuated with empagliflozin. Tnfrsf12a expression was upregulated in mouse hearts following TAC surgery but not in the hearts of empagliflozin-treated mice. In cultured cardiomyocytes, Tnfrsf12a antagonism attenuated the increase in cardiomyocyte size that was induced by phenylephrine. CONCLUSION Empagliflozin attenuates LV enlargement in mice with hypertrophic heart failure. This effect may be mediated, at least in part, by a reduction in loading conditions which limits upregulation of the inducible, proinflammatory, and prohypertrophic TNF superfamily receptor, Tnfrsf12a. Disruption of the Tnfsf12/Tnfrsf12a feed forward system may contribute to the cardioprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibition.
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17
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Fuentes-Calvo I, Martinez-Salgado C. Sos1 Modulates Extracellular Matrix Synthesis, Proliferation, and Migration in Fibroblasts. Front Physiol 2021; 12:645044. [PMID: 33889087 PMCID: PMC8055938 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-reversible fibrosis is common in various diseases such as chronic renal failure, liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is involved in virtually all types of fibrosis. We previously described the involvement of Ras GTPase isoforms in the regulation of TGF-β1-induced fibrosis. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son of Sevenless (Sos) is the main Ras activator, but the role of the ubiquitously expressed Sos1 in the development of fibrosis has not been studied. For this purpose, we isolated and cultured Sos1 knock-out (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts, the main extracellular matrix proteins (ECM)-producing cells, and we analyzed ECM synthesis, cell proliferation and migration in the absence of Sos1, as well as the role of the main Sos1-Ras effectors, Erk1/2 and Akt, in these processes. The absence of Sos1 increases collagen I expression (through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway), total collagen proteins, and slightly increases fibronectin expression; Sos1 regulates fibroblast proliferation through both PI3K-Akt and Raf-Erk pathways, and Sos1-PI3K-Akt signaling regulates fibroblast migration. These study shows that Sos1 regulates ECM synthesis and migration (through Ras-PI3K-Akt) and proliferation (through Ras-PI3K-Akt and Ras-Raf-Erk) in fibroblasts, and describe for the first time the role of the Sos1-Ras signaling axis in the regulation of cellular processes involved in the development of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fuentes-Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)-REDINREN (ISCIII), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Martinez-Salgado
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)-REDINREN (ISCIII), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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18
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Wang J, Sun X, Wang X, Cui S, Liu R, Liu J, Fu B, Gong M, Wang C, Shi Y, Chen Q, Cai G, Chen X. Grb2 Induces Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 3: Roles of IL-6, Cardiomyocyte Bioenergetics, and Akt/mTOR Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:630412. [PMID: 33829014 PMCID: PMC8019825 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.630412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome type 3 (CRS-3) is damage to the heart following acute kidney injury (AKI). Although many experiments have found that inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte death are involved in cardiomyocyte pathophysiological alterations during CRS-3, they lack a non-bias analysis to figure out the primary mediator of cardiac dysfunction. Herein proteomic analysis was operated in CRS-3 and growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) was identified as a regulator involving AKI-related myocardial damage. Increased Grb2 was associated with cardiac diastolic dysfunction and mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment; these pathological changes could be reversed through the administration of a Grb2-specific inhibitor during AKI. Molecular investigation illustrated that augmented Grb2 promoted cardiomyocyte mitochondrial metabolism disorder through inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Besides that, Mouse Inflammation Array Q1 further identified IL-6 as the upstream stimulator of Grb2 upregulation after AKI. Exogenous administration of IL-6 induced cardiomyocyte damage and mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment, whereas these effects were nullified in cardiomyocytes pretreated with Grb2 inhibitor. Our results altogether identify CRS-3 to be caused by the upregulations of IL-6/Grb2 which contribute to cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and inducing cardiomyocyte mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment. This finding provides a potential target for the clinical treatment of patients with CRS-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyuan Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaona Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yushen Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
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19
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Ruiz M, Khairallah M, Dingar D, Vaniotis G, Khairallah RJ, Lauzier B, Thibault S, Trépanier J, Shi Y, Douillette A, Hussein B, Nawaito SA, Sahadevan P, Nguyen A, Sahmi F, Gillis MA, Sirois MG, Gaestel M, Stanley WC, Fiset C, Tardif JC, Allen BG. MK2-Deficient Mice Are Bradycardic and Display Delayed Hypertrophic Remodeling in Response to a Chronic Increase in Afterload. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e017791. [PMID: 33533257 PMCID: PMC7955338 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Mitogen‐activated protein kinase–activated protein kinase‐2 (MK2) is a protein serine/threonine kinase activated by p38α/β. Herein, we examine the cardiac phenotype of pan MK2‐null (MK2−/−) mice. Methods and Results Survival curves for male MK2+/+ and MK2−/− mice did not differ (Mantel‐Cox test, P=0.580). At 12 weeks of age, MK2−/− mice exhibited normal systolic function along with signs of possible early diastolic dysfunction; however, aging was not associated with an abnormal reduction in diastolic function. Both R‐R interval and P‐R segment durations were prolonged in MK2‐deficient mice. However, heart rates normalized when isolated hearts were perfused ex vivo in working mode. Ca2+ transients evoked by field stimulation or caffeine were similar in ventricular myocytes from MK2+/+ and MK2−/− mice. MK2−/− mice had lower body temperature and an age‐dependent reduction in body weight. mRNA levels of key metabolic genes, including Ppargc1a, Acadm, Lipe, and Ucp3, were increased in hearts from MK2−/− mice. For equivalent respiration rates, mitochondria from MK2−/− hearts showed a significant decrease in Ca2+ sensitivity to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Eight weeks of pressure overload increased left ventricular mass in MK2+/+ and MK2−/− mice; however, after 2 weeks the increase was significant in MK2+/+ but not MK2−/− mice. Finally, the pressure overload–induced decrease in systolic function was attenuated in MK2−/− mice 2 weeks, but not 8 weeks, after constriction of the transverse aorta. Conclusions Collectively, these results implicate MK2 in (1) autonomic regulation of heart rate, (2) cardiac mitochondrial function, and (3) the early stages of myocardial remodeling in response to chronic pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Maya Khairallah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Dharmendra Dingar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - George Vaniotis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Simon Thibault
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Joëlle Trépanier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Sherin Ali Nawaito
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada.,Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt
| | - Pramod Sahadevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Albert Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Martin G Sirois
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell BiochemistryHannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | | | - Céline Fiset
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
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20
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Aujla PK, Kassiri Z. Diverse origins and activation of fibroblasts in cardiac fibrosis. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109869. [PMID: 33278559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (cFBs) have emerged as a heterogenous cell population. Fibroblasts are considered the main cell source for synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and as such a dysregulation in cFB function, activity, or viability can lead to disrupted ECM structure or fibrosis. Fibrosis can be initiated in response to different injuries and stimuli, and can be reparative (beneficial) or reactive (damaging). FBs need to be activated to myofibroblasts (MyoFBs) which have augmented capacity in synthesizing ECM proteins, causing fibrosis. In addition to the resident FBs in the myocardium, a number of other cells (pericytes, fibrocytes, mesenchymal, and hematopoietic cells) can transform into MyoFBs, further driving the fibrotic response. Multiple molecules including hormones, cytokines, and growth factors stimulate this process leading to generation of activated MyoFBs. Contribution of different cell types to cFBs and MyoFBs can result in an exponential increase in the number of MyoFBs and an accelerated pro-fibrotic response. Given the diversity of the cell sources, and the array of interconnected signalling pathways that lead to formation of MyoFBs and subsequently fibrosis, identifying a single target to limit the fibrotic response in the myocardium has been challenging. This review article will delineate the importance and relevance of fibroblast heterogeneity in mediating fibrosis in different models of heart failure and will highlight important signalling pathways implicated in myofibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetinder K Aujla
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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21
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Takano APC, Senger N, Barreto-Chaves MLM. The endocrinological component and signaling pathways associated to cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110972. [PMID: 32777452 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although myocardial growth corresponds to an adaptive response to maintain cardiac contractile function, the cardiac hypertrophy is a condition that occurs in many cardiovascular diseases and typically precedes the onset of heart failure. Different endocrine factors such as thyroid hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin (ET-1), catecholamines, estrogen, among others represent important stimuli to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Thus, numerous endocrine disorders manifested as changes in the local environment or multiple organ systems are especially important in the context of progression from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure. Based on that information, this review summarizes experimental findings regarding the influence of such hormones upon signalling pathways associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Understanding mechanisms through which hormones differentially regulate cardiac hypertrophy could open ways to obtain therapeutic approaches that contribute to prevent or delay the onset of heart failure related to endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalia Senger
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Roche O, Fernández-Aroca DM, Arconada-Luque E, García-Flores N, Mellor LF, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Sánchez-Prieto R. p38β and Cancer: The Beginning of the Road. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207524. [PMID: 33053909 PMCID: PMC7589630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is implicated in cancer biology and has been widely studied over the past two decades as a potential therapeutic target. Most of the biological and pathological implications of p38MAPK signaling are often associated with p38α (MAPK14). Recently, several members of the p38 family, including p38γ and p38δ, have been shown to play a crucial role in several pathologies including cancer. However, the specific role of p38β (MAPK11) in cancer is still elusive, and further investigation is needed. Here, we summarize what is currently known about the role of p38β in different types of tumors and its putative implication in cancer therapy. All evidence suggests that p38β might be a key player in cancer development, and could be an important therapeutic target in several pathologies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Roche
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Elena Arconada-Luque
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Natalia García-Flores
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Liliana F. Mellor
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - María José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-915-854-420
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23
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Waldman M, Arad M, Abraham NG, Hochhauser E. The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma Coactivator-1α-Heme Oxygenase 1 Axis, a Powerful Antioxidative Pathway with Potential to Attenuate Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1273-1290. [PMID: 32027164 PMCID: PMC7232636 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: From studies of diabetic animal models, the downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)-heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) axis appears to be a crucial event in the development of obesity and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). In this review, we discuss the role of metabolic and biochemical stressors in the rodent and human pathophysiology of DCM. A crucial contributor for many cardiac pathologies is excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathologies, which lead to extensive cellular damage by impairing mitochondrial function and directly oxidizing DNA, proteins, and lipid membranes. We discuss the role of ROS production and inflammatory pathways with multiple contributing and confounding factors leading to DCM. Recent Advances: The relevant biochemical pathways that are critical to a therapeutic approach to treat DCM, specifically caloric restriction and its relation to the PGC-1α-HO-1 axis in the attenuation of DCM, are elucidated. Critical Issues: The increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2, a major contributor to unique cardiomyopathy characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy with no effective clinical treatment. This review highlights the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of DCM and potential oxidative targets to attenuate oxidative stress and attenuate DCM. Future Directions: Targeting the PGC-1α-HO-1 axis is a promising approach to ameliorate DCM through improvement in mitochondrial function and antioxidant defenses. A pharmacological inducer to activate PGC-1α and HO-1 described in this review may be a promising therapeutic approach in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Waldman
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute at Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cardiac Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michael Arad
- Cardiac Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nader G. Abraham
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Edith Hochhauser
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute at Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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24
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Mohanty P, Bhatnagar S. In Silico Screening to Identify Inhibitors of Growth Factor Receptor 2-Focal Adhesion Kinase Interaction for Therapeutic Treatment of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2020; 17:58-67. [PMID: 30869527 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2018.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The focal adhesion kinase-growth factor receptor 2 (FAK-Grb2) protein-protein interaction is implicated in pathogenesis of stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain of FAK unfolds to form a structural intermediate that interacts with a multibinding hot spot in the SH2 domain of Grb2. Disruption of the Grb2-FAT interaction is a therapeutic strategy for prevention of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. A pharmacophore was generated on the basis of structural and electrostatic properties of FAT bound to FAK using the Forge tool (Cresset). This pharmacophore was used as a query for Blaze server (Cresset) to screen a selectively enriched chemical library of 4,32,508 small molecules. The compounds selected were further filtered by hierarchical flexible docking approach using AutoDock v4. From the favorably docked compounds, five were selected on the basis of good adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties using SwissADME, MedChem Designer v.3, and MOLINSPIRATION. Stability of the binding mode of the inhibitors was further confirmed by molecular dynamic simulation study with AMBER v15 for a simulation time of 50 ns in aqueous environment. PM2307 was identified as the best inhibitor in terms of pharmacophoric features, dock score, and in silico ADMET analysis. The calculated binding affinity of PM2307 was better than that of the FAT-Grb2 complex as well as a previously reported small molecule inhibitor. PM2307 is also a quinolyl derivative sharing a similar scaffold with ofloxacin drugs, asserting its drug-like properties. Thus, it was proposed as a lead compound for development of drugs for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Mohanty
- Computational and Structural Biology Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, India
| | - Sonika Bhatnagar
- Computational and Structural Biology Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, India
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25
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Verjans R, van Bilsen M, Schroen B. Reviewing the Limitations of Adult Mammalian Cardiac Regeneration: Noncoding RNAs as Regulators of Cardiomyogenesis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020262. [PMID: 32050588 PMCID: PMC7072544 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart is incapable of regeneration following cardiac injury, leading to a decline in function and eventually heart failure. One of the most evident barriers limiting cardiac regeneration is the inability of cardiomyocytes to divide. It has recently become clear that the mammalian heart undergoes limited cardiomyocyte self-renewal throughout life and is even capable of modest regeneration early after birth. These exciting findings have awakened the goal to promote cardiomyogenesis of the human heart to repair cardiac injury or treat heart failure. We are still far from understanding why adult mammalian cardiomyocytes possess only a limited capacity to proliferate. Identifying the key regulators may help to progress towards such revolutionary therapy. Specific noncoding RNAs control cardiomyocyte division, including well explored microRNAs and more recently emerged long noncoding RNAs. Elucidating their function and molecular mechanisms during cardiomyogenesis is a prerequisite to advance towards therapeutic options for cardiac regeneration. In this review, we present an overview of the molecular basis of cardiac regeneration and describe current evidence implicating microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in this process. Current limitations and future opportunities regarding how these regulatory mechanisms can be harnessed to study myocardial regeneration will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Verjans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-433882949
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26
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Ahmad F, Tomar D, Aryal A C S, Elmoselhi AB, Thomas M, Elrod JW, Tilley DG, Force T. Nicotinamide riboside kinase-2 alleviates ischemia-induced heart failure through P38 signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165609. [PMID: 31743747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide riboside kinase-2 (NRK-2), a muscle-specific β1 integrin binding protein, predominantly expresses in skeletal muscle with a trace amount expressed in healthy cardiac tissue. NRK-2 expression dramatically increases in mouse and human ischemic heart however, the specific role of NRK-2 in the pathophysiology of ischemic cardiac diseases is unknown. We employed NRK2 knockout (KO) mice to identify the role of NRK-2 in ischemia-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Following myocardial infarction (MI), or sham surgeries, serial echocardiography was performed in the KO and littermate control mice. Cardiac contractile function rapidly declined and left ventricular interior dimension (LVID) was significantly increased in the ischemic KO vs. control mice at 2 weeks post-MI. An increase in mortality was observed in the KO vs. control group. The KO hearts displayed increased cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure reflected by morphometric analysis. Consistently, histological assessment revealed an extensive and thin scar and dilated LV chamber accompanied with elevated fibrosis in the KOs post-MI. Mechanistically, we observed that loss of NRK-2 enhanced p38α activation following ischemic injury. Consistently, ex vivo studies demonstrated that the gain of NRK-2 function suppresses the p38α as well as fibroblast activation (α-SMA expression) upon TGF-β stimulation, and limits cardiomyocytes death upon hypoxia/re‑oxygenation. Collectively our findings show, for the first time, that NRK-2 plays a critical role in heart failure progression following ischemic injury. NRK-2 deficiency promotes post-MI scar expansion, rapid LV chamber dilatation, cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis possibly due to increased p38α activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdos Ahmad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Smriti Aryal A C
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adel B Elmoselhi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manfred Thomas
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John W Elrod
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Force
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Cardiac Fibroblast p38 MAPK: A Critical Regulator of Myocardial Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6030027. [PMID: 31394846 PMCID: PMC6787752 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac fibroblast is a remarkably versatile cell type that coordinates inflammatory, fibrotic and hypertrophic responses in the heart through a complex array of intracellular and intercellular signaling mechanisms. One important signaling node that has been identified involves p38 MAPK; a family of kinases activated in response to stress and inflammatory stimuli that modulates multiple aspects of cardiac fibroblast function, including inflammatory responses, myofibroblast differentiation, extracellular matrix turnover and the paracrine induction of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This review explores the emerging importance of the p38 MAPK pathway in cardiac fibroblasts, describes the molecular mechanisms by which it regulates the expression of key genes, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for reducing adverse myocardial remodeling.
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28
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Song H, Ren J. Protocatechuic acid attenuates angiotensin II‐induced cardiac fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts through inhibiting the NOX4/ROS/p38 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2440-2447. [PMID: 31318113 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineAnkang Vocational and Technical College Affiliated Hospital Ankang China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
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29
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Transcript levels for extracellular matrix proteins are altered in MK5-deficient cardiac ventricular fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:164-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Kovacic JC, Dimmeler S, Harvey RP, Finkel T, Aikawa E, Krenning G, Baker AH. Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 73:190-209. [PMID: 30654892 PMCID: PMC6865825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a process whereby an endothelial cell undergoes a series of molecular events that lead to a change in phenotype toward a mesenchymal cell (e.g., myofibroblast, smooth muscle cell). EndMT plays a fundamental role during development, and mounting evidence indicates that EndMT is involved in adult cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, valvular disease, and fibroelastosis. Therefore, the targeting of EndMT may hold therapeutic promise for treating CVD. However, the field faces a number of challenges, including the lack of a precise functional and molecular definition, a lack of understanding of the causative pathological role of EndMT in CVDs (versus being a "bystander-phenomenon"), and a lack of robust human data corroborating the extent and causality of EndMT in adult CVDs. Here, we review this emerging but exciting field, and propose a framework for its systematic advancement at the molecular and translational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Toren Finkel
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Guido Krenning
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Baker
- UoE/BHF Center for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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31
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Chang PM, Li KL, Lin YC. Fucoidan⁻Fucoxanthin Ameliorated Cardiac Function via IRS1/GRB2/ SOS1, GSK3β/CREB Pathways and Metabolic Pathways in Senescent Mice. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E69. [PMID: 30669571 PMCID: PMC6356397 DOI: 10.3390/md17010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) in combination with high-stability fucoxanthin (HSFUCO) on cardiac function and the metabolic pathways of aging mice (Mus musculus) were investigated. We demonstrated that LMWF and HSFUCO could improve cardiac function in aging mice. Aging mice were treated with LMWF and HSFUCO, either on their own or in combination, on 28 consecutive days. Electrocardiography and whole-cell patch-clamp were used to measure QT interval and action potential duration (APD) of the subjects. Cardiac tissue morphology, reactive oxygen species, and Western blot were also applied. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography⁻quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry was used for investigating metabolic alterations. The use of LMWF and HSFUCO resulted in improvements in both ventricular rhythms (QT and APD). Treatment with fucoidan and fucoxanthin reduced the expression levels of SOS1 and GRB2 while increasing GSK3β, CREB and IRS1 proteins expression in the aging process. Three main metabolic pathways, namely the TCA cycle, glycolysis, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, were highly enriched in the pathway enrichment analysis. When taken together, the LMWF and HSFUCO treatment improved both the ventricular rhythm and the muscular function of aging subjects by interfering with the metabolism and gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ming Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Lun Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Chang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan.
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32
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Liu BL, Cheng M, Hu S, Wang S, Wang L, Tu X, Huang CX, Jiang H, Wu G. Overexpression of miR-142-3p improves mitochondrial function in cardiac hypertrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1347-1356. [PMID: 30372837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our previous studies have shown that Src homology 2 (SH2) B adaptor protein 1 (SH2B1) plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy, but the specific mechanism remains to be studied. Through bioinformatics and related research, it is found that miR-14 2-3 p is closely related to SH2B1. Exploring the relationship between miR-14 2-3 p and gene SH2B1 expression is beneficial for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy. SH2B1 is a key factor regulating energy metabolism, mitochondria are the main organelles of energy metabolism and cardiac hypertrophy are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. So it is particularly important to explore the relationship between miR-14 2-3 p and SH2B1 and myocardial mitochondrial function. In this study, we investigated whether overexpression of miR-14 2-3 p can inhibit the expression of gene SH2B1, ameliorate cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS We first constructed a pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy model by ligation of the abdominal aorta(AB) of rats. After 4 weeks of modeling, echocardiographic examination showed that the heart volume of the model group became larger, and Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Kit (HE) staining showed that the cross-sectional area of the heart tissue became larger. The expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), β-Myosin Heavy Chain (β-MHC) messenger RNA (mRNA) increased by real‑time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which proved that the model of cardiac hypertrophy was successfully constructed. Then, miR-14 2-3 p agomir was injected into the tail vein of rats 2 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. The expression of miR-4 2-3 p mRNA was increased by PCR, suggesting that the miR-14 2-3 p plasmid was successfully transfected. At 4 weeks of pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy model, echocardiography was used to detect cardiac function. HE staining of heart tissue and the expression of ANP, BNP, β-MHC mRNA were used to detect cardiac hypertrophy. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Secondly, we observed the effect of miR-14 2-3 p on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and mitochondrial function in vitro by culture neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Afterwards, using angiotensin (Ang)II-, miRNA mimic- and miRNA mimic nc- treated cardiomyocytes for a given time. α-actin staining found that the myocardial cells became larger, The expression of ANP, BNP, β-MHC mRNA increased by PCR, which proved that AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy was successfully constructed. Then, the mitochondrial density was measured using mitochondrial Mito-Red staining by Confocal microscope, the mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using flow cytometry, Mitochondrial respiration oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured by a Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer XF96, and the expression levels of miR-14 2-3 p, ANP, BNP, β-MHC mRNA, SH2B1 in the cardiomyocytes of different groups were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Finally, we used luciferase assay and transfected miR-14 2-3 p agomir in rats, transfected miR-14 2-3 p mimic in Cardiomyocytes, it is found that myocardial SH2B1 mRNA and protein expression both were reduced. RESULTS When the pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy model was constructed for four weeks, echocardiography revealed that the heart volume, Left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVIDd), Left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVIDs), Left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWd), Systolic left ventricular posterior wall (LVPWs), Left ventricle (LV) Mass increased, Ejection fraction (EF) % decreased of AB group increased, but transfected with miR-14 2-3 p agomir of AB, these increase was not significant, EF% reduction was not obvious. HE staining showed that the myocardial cross-sectional area of AB group increased significantly, but the miR-14 2-3 p agomir treatment of AB group did not increase significantly. PCR analysis showed that the expression of ANP, BNP,β-MHC mRNA was significantly increased in AB group, but the miR-14 2-3 p agomir treatment of AB group was not significantly increased. Flow cytometry showed that the mitochondrial membrane potential of AB group was significantly reduced, and the miR-14 2-3 p agomir treatment of AB group was not significantly decreased. During AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, ANP, BNP,β-MHC mRNA expression was increased, while these factors was not significantly increased in miR-14 2-3 p mimic treatment group; mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial density and OCR was significantly decreased in AngII treated group, and these were not significantly reduced in miR-14 2-3 p mimic treatment group; CONCLUSIONS: miR-14 2-3 p not only mitigate cardiac hypertrophy by directly inhibit the expression of gene SH2B1, but also can protect mitochondrial function in cardiac hypertrophy of vitro and vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Lei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Mian Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Xin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Cong-Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China; Department of Cardiology, Ezhou Hospital, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, China.
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33
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Ma ZG, Yuan YP, Wu HM, Zhang X, Tang QZ. Cardiac fibrosis: new insights into the pathogenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1645-1657. [PMID: 30416379 PMCID: PMC6216032 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is defined as the imbalance of extracellular matrix (ECM) production and degradation, thus contributing to cardiac dysfunction in many cardiac pathophysiologic conditions. This review discusses specific markers and origin of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), and the underlying mechanism involved in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Currently, there are no CFs-specific molecular markers. Most studies use co-labelling with panels of antibodies that can recognize CFs. Origin of fibroblasts is heterogeneous. After fibrotic stimuli, the levels of myocardial pro-fibrotic growth factors and cytokines are increased. These pro-fibrotic growth factors and cytokines bind to its receptors and then trigger the activation of signaling pathway and transcriptional factors via Smad-dependent or Smad independent-manners. These fibrosis-related transcriptional factors regulate gene expression that are involved in the fibrosis to amplify the fibrotic response. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for initiation, progression, and amplification of cardiac fibrosis are of great clinical significance to find drugs that can prevent the progression of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Guo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Hai-Ming Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, RP China
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Bageghni SA, Hemmings KE, Zava N, Denton CP, Porter KE, Ainscough JFX, Drinkhill MJ, Turner NA. Cardiac fibroblast-specific p38α MAP kinase promotes cardiac hypertrophy via a putative paracrine interleukin-6 signaling mechanism. FASEB J 2018; 32:4941-4954. [PMID: 29601781 PMCID: PMC6629170 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701455rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that cardiac fibroblast-specific p38α MAPK contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Our study used a novel fibroblast-specific, tamoxifen-inducible p38α knockout (KO) mouse line to characterize the role of fibroblast p38α in modulating cardiac hypertrophy, and we elucidated the mechanism. Myocardial injury was induced in tamoxifen-treated Cre-positive p38α KO mice or control littermates via chronic infusion of the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol. Cardiac function was assessed by pressure-volume conductance catheter analysis and was evaluated for cardiac hypertrophy at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels. Isoproterenol infusion in control mice promoted overt cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction (reduced ejection fraction, increased end systolic volume, increased cardiac weight index, increased cardiomyocyte area, increased fibrosis, and up-regulation of myocyte fetal genes and hypertrophy-associated microRNAs). Fibroblast-specific p38α KO mice exhibited marked protection against myocardial injury, with isoproterenol-induced alterations in cardiac function, histology, and molecular markers all being attenuated. In vitro mechanistic studies determined that cardiac fibroblasts responded to damaged myocardium by secreting several paracrine factors known to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, including IL-6, whose secretion was dependent upon p38α activity. In conclusion, cardiac fibroblast p38α contributes to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction, potentially via a mechanism involving paracrine fibroblast-to-myocyte IL-6 signaling.-Bageghni, S. A., Hemmings, K. E., Zava, N., Denton, C. P., Porter, K. E., Ainscough, J. F. X., Drinkhill, M. J., Turner, N. A. Cardiac fibroblast-specific p38α MAP kinase promotes cardiac hypertrophy via a putative paracrine interleukin-6 signaling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumia A. Bageghni
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Karen E. Hemmings
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Ngonidzashe Zava
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christopher P. Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E. Porter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Justin F. X. Ainscough
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mark J. Drinkhill
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
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35
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Kim J. MicroRNAs as critical regulators of the endothelial to mesenchymal transition in vascular biology. BMB Rep 2018; 51:65-72. [PMID: 29353599 PMCID: PMC5836559 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.2.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a newly recognized, fundamental biological process involved in development and tissue regeneration, as well as pathological processes such as the complications of diabetes, fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. The EndMT process is tightly controlled by diverse signaling networks, similar to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of this network, with the capacity to target multiple messenger RNAs involved in the EndMT process as well as in the regulation of disease progression. Thus, it is highly important to understand the molecular basis of miRNA control of EndMT. This review highlights the current fund of knowledge regarding the known links between miRNAs and the EndMT process, with a focus on the mechanism that regulates associated signaling pathways and discusses the potential for the EndMT as a therapeutic target to treat many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Kim
- Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center (CHRC), Research Institute of Women's Health (RIWH), and Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
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36
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Li N, Zhou H, Tang Q. miR-133: A Suppressor of Cardiac Remodeling? Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:903. [PMID: 30174600 PMCID: PMC6107689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling, which is characterized by mechanical and electrical remodeling, is a significant pathophysiological process involved in almost all forms of heart diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs of 20–25 nucleotides in length that primarily regulate gene expression by promoting mRNA degradation or post-transcriptional repression in a sequence-specific manner. Three miR-133 genes have been identified in the human genome, miR-133a-1, miR-133a-2, and miR-133b, which are located on chromosomes 18, 20, and 6, respectively. These miRNAs are mainly expressed in muscle tissues and appear to repress the expression of non-muscle genes. Based on accumulating evidence, miR-133 participates in the proliferation, differentiation, survival, hypertrophic growth, and electrical conduction of cardiac cells, which are essential for cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and arrhythmia. Nevertheless, the roles of miR-133 in cardiac remodeling are ambiguous, and the mechanisms are also sophisticated, involving many target genes and signaling pathways, such as RhoA, MAPK, TGFβ/Smad, and PI3K/Akt. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the critical roles of miR-133 and its potential mechanisms in cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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37
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Beneficial Effect of Silymarin in Pressure Overload Induced Experimental Cardiac Hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 19:23-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Diviani D, Osman H, Reggi E. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein-Lbc: A Molecular Scaffold Involved in Cardiac Protection. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:E12. [PMID: 29419761 PMCID: PMC5872360 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a lethal disease that can develop after myocardial infarction, hypertension, or anticancer therapy. In the damaged heart, loss of function is mainly due to cardiomyocyte death and associated cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. In this context, A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) constitute a family of scaffolding proteins that facilitate the spatiotemporal activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and other transduction enzymes involved in cardiac remodeling. AKAP-Lbc, a cardiac enriched anchoring protein, has been shown to act as a key coordinator of the activity of signaling pathways involved in cardiac protection and remodeling. This review will summarize and discuss recent advances highlighting the role of the AKAP-Lbc signalosome in orchestrating adaptive responses in the stressed heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Diviani
- Département de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Faculté de Biologie et de Médecine, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland.
| | - Halima Osman
- Département de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Faculté de Biologie et de Médecine, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland.
| | - Erica Reggi
- Département de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Faculté de Biologie et de Médecine, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland.
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Kojonazarov B, Novoyatleva T, Boehm M, Happe C, Sibinska Z, Tian X, Sajjad A, Luitel H, Kriechling P, Posern G, Evans SM, Grimminger F, Ghofrani HA, Weissmann N, Bogaard HJ, Seeger W, Schermuly RT. p38 MAPK Inhibition Improves Heart Function in Pressure-Loaded Right Ventricular Hypertrophy. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:603-614. [PMID: 28657795 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0374oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is known to have a role in ischemic heart disease and many other diseases, its contribution to the pathobiology of right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and failure is unclear. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of p38 MAPK in the pathophysiology of pressure overload-induced RV hypertrophy and failure. The effects of the p38 MAPK inhibitor PH797804 were investigated in mice with RV hypertrophy/failure caused by exposure to hypoxia or pulmonary artery banding. In addition, the effects of p38 MAPK inhibition or depletion (by small interfering RNA) were studied in isolated mouse RV fibroblasts. Echocardiography, invasive hemodynamic measurements, immunohistochemistry, collagen assays, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting were performed. Expression of phosphorylated p38 MAPK was markedly increased in mouse and human hypertrophied/failed RVs. In mice, PH797804 improved RV function and inhibited cardiac fibrosis compared with placebo. In isolated RV fibroblasts, p38 MAPK inhibition reduced transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced collagen production as well as stress fiber formation. Moreover, p38 MAPK inhibition/depletion suppressed TGF-β-induced SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) nuclear translocation, and prevented TGF-β-induced cardiac fibroblast transdifferentiation. Moreover, p38 MAPK inhibition in mice exposed to pulmonary artery banding led to diminished nuclear levels of MRTF-A and phosphorylated SMAD3 in RV fibroblasts. Together, our data indicate that p38 MAPK inhibition significantly improves RV function and inhibits RV fibrosis. Inhibition of p38 MAPK in RV cardiac fibroblasts, resulting in coordinated attenuation of MRTF-A cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation and SMAD3 deactivation, indicates that p38 MAPK signaling contributes to distinct disease-causing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baktybek Kojonazarov
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mario Boehm
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chris Happe
- 2 VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zaneta Sibinska
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Xia Tian
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Amna Sajjad
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Himal Luitel
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Philipp Kriechling
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Guido Posern
- 3 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Steven M Evans
- 4 Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein A Ghofrani
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Harm J Bogaard
- 2 VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Werner Seeger
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany.,5 Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
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Li J, Yuan YP, Xu SC, Zhang N, Xu CR, Wan CX, Ren J, Zeng XF, Tang QZ. Arctiin protects against cardiac hypertrophy through inhibiting MAPKs and AKT signaling pathways. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 135:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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MiR-200a modulates TGF-β1-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal shift via suppression of GRB2 in HAECs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:215-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Mohanty P, Bhatnagar S. Targeted Molecular Dynamics to determine Focal Adhesion Targeting Domain Folding Intermediates. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.24870/cjb.2017-a15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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43
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Bansal T, Chatterjee E, Singh J, Ray A, Kundu B, Thankamani V, Sengupta S, Sarkar S. Arjunolic acid, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist, regresses cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting non-canonical TGF-β signaling. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16440-16462. [PMID: 28821620 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.788299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy and associated heart fibrosis remain a major cause of death worldwide. Phytochemicals have gained attention as alternative therapeutics for managing cardiovascular diseases. These include the extract from the plant Terminalia arjuna, which is a popular cardioprotectant and may prevent or slow progression of pathological hypertrophy to heart failure. Here, we investigated the mode of action of a principal bioactive T. arjuna compound, arjunolic acid (AA), in ameliorating hemodynamic load-induced cardiac fibrosis and identified its intracellular target. Our data revealed that AA significantly represses collagen expression and improves cardiac function during hypertrophy. We found that AA binds to and stabilizes the ligand-binding domain of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and increases its expression during cardiac hypertrophy. PPARα knockdown during AA treatment in hypertrophy samples, including angiotensin II-treated adult cardiac fibroblasts and renal artery-ligated rat heart, suggests that AA-driven cardioprotection primarily arises from PPARα agonism. Moreover, AA-induced PPARα up-regulation leads to repression of TGF-β signaling, specifically by inhibiting TGF-β-activated kinase1 (TAK1) phosphorylation. We observed that PPARα directly interacts with TAK1, predominantly via PPARα N-terminal transactivation domain (AF-1) thereby masking the TAK1 kinase domain. The AA-induced PPARα-bound TAK1 level thereby shows inverse correlation with the phosphorylation level of TAK1 and subsequent reduction in p38 MAPK and NF-κBp65 activation, ultimately culminating in amelioration of excess collagen synthesis in cardiac hypertrophy. In conclusion, our findings unravel the mechanism of AA action in regressing hypertrophy-associated cardiac fibrosis by assigning a role of AA as a PPARα agonist that inactivates non-canonical TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Bansal
- From the Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal
| | - Emeli Chatterjee
- From the Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal
| | - Jasdeep Singh
- the Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016
| | - Arjun Ray
- the Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, and
| | - Bishwajit Kundu
- the Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016
| | - V Thankamani
- the Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- the Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, and
| | - Sagartirtha Sarkar
- From the Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal,
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44
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Ge S, Xiong Y, Wu X, Xie J, Liu F, He J, Xiang T, Cheng N, Lai L, Zhong Y. Role of growth factor receptor-bound 2 in CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:942-951. [PMID: 28618656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth Factor Receptor-bound 2 (GRB2) plays a crucial role in regulation of cellular function including proliferation and differentiation, and we previously identified GRB2 as promoting HSCs (HSCs) proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms that are involving in the regulation of GRB2 in hepatic fibrogenesis remain unknown. METHODS In the present study, we tested the function of GRB2 in hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous CCl4 administration at a dose of 3mL/kg in rats. The rat HSC cell line HSC-T6 were cultured for proliferation investigation by CCK-8 and BrdU incorporation method. The levels of GRB2, HMGB1, PI3K/AKT, COL1A1 and α-SMA were analyzed by western blot or real-time PCR. RESULTS showed that the expression of GRB2 and HMGB1 was obviously increased in liver tissues of hepatic fibrosis rats accompanied by up-regulation of COL1A1 and α-SMA. In cultured HSCs, application of exogenous HMGB1 induced cell proliferation and cell proliferation rate concomitantly with up-regulation of GRB2 expression and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation. The effects of HMGB1-induced proliferation of HSCs and up-regulation of COL1A1 and α-SMA were abolished by GRB2 siRNA. HMGB1-induced proliferation of HSCs and up-regulation of COL1A1 and α-SMA was reversed in the presence of LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that GRB2 plays an important role in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by regulating HSCs' function, and up-regulation of GRB2 induced by HMGB1 is mediated via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfei Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jinni He
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Tianxing Xiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Na Cheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Lingling Lai
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yuanbin Zhong
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Nawaito SA, Dingar D, Sahadevan P, Hussein B, Sahmi F, Shi Y, Gillis MA, Gaestel M, Tardif JC, Allen BG. MK5 haplodeficiency attenuates hypertrophy and preserves diastolic function during remodeling induced by chronic pressure overload in the mouse heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H46-H58. [PMID: 28432058 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00597.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MAPK-activated protein kinase-5 (MK5) is a protein serine/threonine kinase that is activated by p38 MAPK and the atypical MAPKs ERK3 and ERK4. The physiological function(s) of MK5 remains unknown. Here, we examined the effect of MK5 haplodeficiency on cardiac function and myocardial remodeling. At 12 wk of age, MK5 haplodeficient mice (MK5+/-) were smaller than age-matched wild-type littermates (MK5+/+), with similar diastolic function but reduced systolic function. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was used to induce chronic pressure overload in 12-wk-old male MK5+/- and MK5+/+ mice. Two weeks post-TAC, heart weight-to-tibia length ratios were similarly increased in MK5+/- and MK5+/+ hearts, as was the abundance of B-type natriuretic peptide and β-myosin heavy chain mRNA. Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in both MK5+/+ and MK5+/- mice, whereas regional peak systolic tissue velocities were reduced and isovolumetric relaxation time was prolonged in MK5+/+ hearts but not in MK5+/- hearts. The TAC-induced increase in collagen type 1-α1 mRNA observed in MK5+/+ hearts was markedly attenuated in MK5+/- hearts. Eight weeks post-TAC, systolic function was equally impaired in MK5+/+ and MK5+/- mice. In contrast, the increase in E wave deceleration rate and progression of hypertrophy observed in TAC MK5+/+ mice were attenuated in TAC MK5+/- mice. MK5 immunoreactivity was detected in adult fibroblasts but not in myocytes. MK5+/+, MK5+/-, and MK5-/- fibroblasts all expressed α-smooth muscle actin in culture. Hence, reduced MK5 expression in cardiac fibroblasts was associated with the attenuation of both hypertrophy and development of a restrictive filling pattern during myocardial remodeling in response to chronic pressure overload.NEW & NOTEWORTHY MAPK-activated protein kinase-5 (MK5)/p38-regulated/activated protein kinase is a protein serine/threonine kinase activated by p38 MAPK and/or the atypical MAPKs ERK3 and ERK4. MK5 immunoreactivity was detected in adult ventricular fibroblasts but not in myocytes. MK5 haplodeficiency attenuated the progression of hypertrophy, reduced collagen type 1 mRNA, and protected diastolic function in response to chronic pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Ali Nawaito
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dharmendra Dingar
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pramod Sahadevan
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Fatiha Sahmi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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46
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Heat shock transcription factor 1 protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis via Smad3. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:445-460. [PMID: 28091697 PMCID: PMC5357304 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Fibrotic cardiac muscle exhibits high stiffness and low compliance which are major risk factors of heart failure. Although heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) was identified as an intrinsic cardioprotective factor, the role that HSF1 plays in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate the role of HSF1 in pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and the underlying mechanism. HSF1 phosphorylation was significantly downregulated in transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-treated mouse hearts and mechanically stretched cardiac fibroblasts (cFBs). HSF1 transgenic (TG) mice, HSF1 deficient heterozygote (KO) mice, and their wild-type littermates were subjected to sham or TAC surgery for 4 weeks. HSF1 overexpression significantly attenuated pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Conversely, HSF1 KO mice showed deteriorated fibrotic response and cardiac dysfunction upon TAC. Moreover, we uncovered that overexpression of HSF1 protected against fibrotic response of cFBs to pressure overload. Mechanistically, we observed that the phosphorylation and the nuclear distribution of the Smad family member 3 (Smad3) were significantly decreased in HSF1-overexpressing mouse hearts, while being greatly increased in HSF1 KO mouse hearts upon TAC, compared to the control hearts, respectively. Similar alteration of Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear distribution were found in isolated mouse cardiac fibroblasts and mechanically stretched cFBs. Constitutively active Smad3 blocked the anti-fibrotic effect of HSF1 in cFBs. Furthermore, we found a direct binding of phosphorylated HSF1 and Smad3, which can be suppressed by mechanical stress. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the first time that HSF1 acts as a novel negative regulator of cardiac fibrosis by blocking Smad3 activation. Key messages HSF1 activity is decreased in fibrotic hearts. HSF1 overexpression attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Deficiency of HSF1 deteriorates fibrotic response and cardiac dysfunction upon TAC. HSF1 inhibits phosphorylation and nuclear distribution of Smad3 via direct binding to Smad3. Active Smad3 blocks the anti-fibrotic effect of HSF1.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00109-016-1504-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Bezafibrate Attenuates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis. PPAR Res 2017; 2017:5789714. [PMID: 28127304 PMCID: PMC5239981 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5789714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) is closely associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Previous studies have indicated that bezafibrate (BZA), a PPAR-α agonist, could attenuate insulin resistance and obesity. This study was designed to determine whether BZA could protect against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Methods. Mice were orally given BZA (100 mg/kg) for 7 weeks beginning 1 week after aortic banding (AB) surgery. Cardiac hypertrophy was assessed based on echocardiographic, histological, and molecular aspects. Moreover, neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs) were used to investigate the effects of BZA on the cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response in vitro. Results. Our study demonstrated that BZA could alleviate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice subjected to AB surgery. BZA treatment also reduced the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). BZA suppressed phenylephrine- (PE-) induced hypertrophy of cardiomyocyte in vitro. The protective effects of BZA were abolished by the treatment of the PPAR-α antagonist in vitro. Conclusions. BZA could attenuate pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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48
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Ge S, Xie J, Liu F, He J, He J. MicroRNA-19b reduces hepatic stellate cell proliferation by targeting GRB2 in hepatic fibrosis models in vivo and in vitro as part of the inhibitory effect of estradiol. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2455-64. [PMID: 25650006 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a major determinant of gender-based differences in the development of hepatic fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 19-25 nucleotide, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression by blocking the translation or decreasing the stability of mRNAs and play an important role in liver fibrosis. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of miRNAs by E2 remain largely unknown. In this study, miR-19b levels were higher and were associated with lower GRB2 mRNA and protein levels in female rats more than in male rats. We also showed that miR-19b levels were down-regulated, were associated with the up-regulation of GRB2 mRNA and protein levels in PS (porcine serum-induced hepatic fibrosis) versus NS (normal control) groups and were up-regulated when associated with the down-regulation of GRB2 mRNA and protein levels in PS + E2 versus PS and in aHSC + E2 (estradiol treated aHSC) versus aHSC groups. MiR-19b expression inhibited cell proliferation in aHSCs, and also down-regulated GRB2 protein expression. The overexpression of miR-19b inhibited cell growth and suppressed COL1A1 protein levels by decreasing the levels of GRB2. However, the forced expression of GRB2 partly rescued the effect of miR-19b in the cells, attenuated cell proliferation, and suppressed the GRB2 protein level by up-regulating the levels of GRB2. Taken together, these findings will shed light on the role of miR-19b in regulating aHSC proliferation via the miR-19b/GRB2 axis. This newly identified miR-19b/GRB2 interaction provided novel insights into the suppressive effect of E2 on HSC proliferation and might facilitate the development of therapies targeting hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfei Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinni He
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwen He
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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49
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Sadiq S, Crowley TM, Charchar FJ, Sanigorski A, Lewandowski PA. MicroRNAs in a hypertrophic heart: from foetal life to adulthood. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 92:1314-1331. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Sadiq
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health; Deakin University; 75 Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia
| | - Tamsyn M. Crowley
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health; Deakin University; 75 Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia
| | - Fadi J. Charchar
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University; Ballarat Victoria 3353 Australia
| | - Andrew Sanigorski
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health; Deakin University; 75 Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia
| | - Paul A. Lewandowski
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health; Deakin University; 75 Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia
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50
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Mohanty P, Bhatnagar S. Structural basis of focal adhesion targeting domain-mediated signaling in cardiac hypertrophy. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2016; 37:38-50. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2016.1155067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Mohanty
- Computational and Structural Biology Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonika Bhatnagar
- Computational and Structural Biology Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
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