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Yu W, Kastriti ME, Ishan M, Choudhary SK, Rashid MM, Kramer N, Do HGT, Wang Z, Xu T, Schwabe RF, Ye K, Adameyko I, Liu HX. The duct of von Ebner's glands is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1460669. [PMID: 39247625 PMCID: PMC11377339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1460669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We have recently demonstrated that Sox10-expressing (Sox10 +) cells give rise to mainly type-III neuronal taste bud cells that are responsible for sour and salt taste. The two tissue compartments containing Sox10 + cells in the surrounding of taste buds include the connective tissue core of taste papillae and von Ebner's glands (vEGs) that are connected to the trench of circumvallate and foliate papillae. Methods In this study, we performed single cell RNA-sequencing of the epithelium of Sox10-Cre/tdT mouse circumvallate/vEG complex and used inducible Cre mouse models to map the cell lineages of vEGs and/or connective tissue (including stromal and Schwann cells). Results Transcriptomic analysis indicated that Sox10 expression was enriched in the cell clusters of vEG ducts that contained abundant proliferating cells, while Sox10-Cre/tdT expression was enriched in type-III taste bud cells and vEG ductal cells. In vivo lineage mapping showed that the traced cells were distributed in circumvallate taste buds concurrently with those in the vEGs, but not in the connective tissue. Moreover, multiple genes encoding pathogen receptors were enriched in the vEG ducts hosting Sox10 + cells. Discussion Our data supports that it is the vEGs, not connective tissue core, that serve as the niche of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors. If this is also true in humans, our data indicates that vEG duct is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Yu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Mohamed Ishan
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Md Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Naomi Kramer
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hy Gia Truong Do
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Zhonghou Wang
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kaixiong Ye
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Yu W, Kastriti ME, Ishan M, Choudhary SK, Kramer N, Rashid MM, Truong Do HG, Wang Z, Xu T, Schwabe RF, Ye K, Adameyko I, Liu HX. The main duct of von Ebner's glands is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.14.594215. [PMID: 38798668 PMCID: PMC11118543 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.14.594215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that Sox10 -expressing ( Sox10 + ) cells give rise to mainly type-III neuronal taste bud cells that are responsible for sour and salt taste. The two tissue compartments containing Sox10 + cells in the surrounding of taste buds include the connective tissue core of taste papillae and von Ebner's glands (vEGs) that are connected to the trench of circumvallate and foliate papillae. In this study, we used inducible Cre mouse models to map the cell lineages of connective tissue (including stromal and Schwann cells) and vEGs and performed single cell RNA-sequencing of the epithelium of Sox10-Cre/tdT mouse circumvallate/vEG complex. In vivo lineage mapping showed that the distribution of traced cells in circumvallate taste buds was closely linked with that in the vEGs, but not in the connective tissue. Sox10 , but not the known stem cells marker Lgr5 , expression was enriched in the cell clusters of main ducts of vEGs that contained abundant proliferating cells, while Sox10-Cre/tdT expression was enriched in type-III taste bud cells and excretory ductal cells. Moreover, multiple genes encoding pathogen receptors are enriched in the vEG main ducts. Our data indicate that the main duct of vEGs is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections.
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Hani T, Fujita K, Kudo T, Taya Y, Sato K, Soeno Y. Tissue-Targeted Transcriptomics Reveals SEMA3D Control of Hypoglossal Nerve Projection to Mouse Tongue Primordia. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2024; 57:35-46. [PMID: 38463205 PMCID: PMC10918430 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.23-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The mouse hypoglossal nerve originates in the occipital motor nuclei at embryonic day (E)10.5 and projects a long distance, reaching the vicinity of the tongue primordia, the lateral lingual swellings, at E11.5. However, the details of how the hypoglossal nerve correctly projects to the primordia are poorly understood. To investigate the molecular basis of hypoglossal nerve elongation, we used a novel transcriptomic approach using the ROKU method. The ROKU algorithm identified 3825 genes specific for lateral lingual swellings at E11.5, of which 34 genes were predicted to be involved in axon guidance. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis-assisted enrichment revealed activation of the semaphorin signaling pathway during tongue development, and quantitative PCR showed that the expressions of Sema3d and Nrp1 in this pathway peaked at E11.5. Immunohistochemistry detected NRP1 in the hypoglossal nerve and SEMA3D as tiny granules in the extracellular space beneath the epithelium of the tongue primordia and in lateral and anterior regions of the mandibular arch. Fewer SEMA3D granules were localized around hypoglossal nerve axons and in the space where they elongated. In developing tongue primordia, tissue-specific regulation of SEMA3D might control the route of hypoglossal nerve projection via its repulsive effect on NRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Hani
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujita
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoo Kudo
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Taya
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuichi Soeno
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
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Ishan M, Wang Z, Zhao P, Yao Y, Stice SL, Wells L, Mishina Y, Liu HX. Taste papilla cell differentiation requires the regulation of secretory protein production by ALK3-BMP signaling in the tongue mesenchyme. Development 2023; 150:dev201838. [PMID: 37680190 PMCID: PMC10560570 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Taste papillae are specialized organs, each of which comprises an epithelial wall hosting taste buds and a core of mesenchymal tissue. In the present study, we report that during early taste papilla development in mouse embryos, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling mediated by type 1 receptor ALK3 in the tongue mesenchyme is required for epithelial Wnt/β-catenin activity and taste papilla differentiation. Mesenchyme-specific knockout (cKO) of Alk3 using Wnt1-Cre and Sox10-Cre resulted in an absence of taste papillae at E12.0. Biochemical and cell differentiation analyses demonstrated that mesenchymal ALK3-BMP signaling governed the production of previously unappreciated secretory proteins, i.e. it suppressed those that inhibit and facilitated those that promote taste papilla differentiation. Bulk RNA-sequencing analysis revealed many more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tongue epithelium than in the mesenchyme in Alk3 cKO versus control. Moreover, we detected downregulated epithelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling and found that taste papilla development in the Alk3 cKO was rescued by the GSK3β inhibitor LiCl, but not by Wnt3a. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the requirement of tongue mesenchyme in taste papilla cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ishan
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhonghou Wang
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Steven L. Stice
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Xu J, Iyyanar PPR, Lan Y, Jiang R. Sonic hedgehog signaling in craniofacial development. Differentiation 2023; 133:60-76. [PMID: 37481904 PMCID: PMC10529669 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in SHH and several other genes encoding components of the Hedgehog signaling pathway have been associated with holoprosencephaly syndromes, with craniofacial anomalies ranging in severity from cyclopia to facial cleft to midfacial and mandibular hypoplasia. Studies in animal models have revealed that SHH signaling plays crucial roles at multiple stages of craniofacial morphogenesis, from cranial neural crest cell survival to growth and patterning of the facial primordia to organogenesis of the palate, mandible, tongue, tooth, and taste bud formation and homeostasis. This article provides a summary of the major findings in studies of the roles of SHH signaling in craniofacial development, with emphasis on recent advances in the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating the SHH signaling pathway activity and those involving SHH signaling in the formation and patterning of craniofacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Xu
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| | - Paul P R Iyyanar
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Yu Lan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Rulang Jiang
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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Doyle ME, Premathilake HU, Yao Q, Mazucanti CH, Egan JM. Physiology of the tongue with emphasis on taste transduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1193-1246. [PMID: 36422992 PMCID: PMC9942923 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue is a complex multifunctional organ that interacts and senses both interoceptively and exteroceptively. Although it is easily visible to almost all of us, it is relatively understudied and what is in the literature is often contradictory or is not comprehensively reported. The tongue is both a motor and a sensory organ: motor in that it is required for speech and mastication, and sensory in that it receives information to be relayed to the central nervous system pertaining to the safety and quality of the contents of the oral cavity. Additionally, the tongue and its taste apparatus form part of an innate immune surveillance system. For example, loss or alteration in taste perception can be an early indication of infection as became evident during the present global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Here, we particularly emphasize the latest updates in the mechanisms of taste perception, taste bud formation and adult taste bud renewal, and the presence and effects of hormones on taste perception, review the understudied lingual immune system with specific reference to SARS-CoV-2, discuss nascent work on tongue microbiome, as well as address the effect of systemic disease on tongue structure and function, especially in relation to taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máire E Doyle
- Diabetes Section/Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hasitha U Premathilake
- Diabetes Section/Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qin Yao
- Diabetes Section/Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Caio H Mazucanti
- Diabetes Section/Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Diabetes Section/Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Kawamoto S, Hani T, Fujita K, Taya Y, Sasaki Y, Kudo T, Sato K, Soeno Y. Nuclear factor 1 X-type-associated regulation of myogenesis in developing mouse tongue. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:88-96. [PMID: 36669698 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The tongue contains skeletal myofibers that differ from those in the trunk, limbs, and other orofacial muscles. However, the molecular basis of myogenic differentiation in the tongue muscles remains unclear. In this study, we conducted comprehensive gene expression profiling of the developing murine tongue. METHODS Tongue primordia were dissected from mouse embryos at embryonic day (E)10.5-E18.5, while myogenic markers were detected via microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition to common myogenic regulatory factors such as Myf5, MyoD, myogenin, and Mrf4, we focused on Nfix, which acts as a unique molecular switch triggering the shift from embryonic to fetal myoblast lineage during limb myogenesis. Nfix inhibition was performed using a specific antisense oligonucleotide in the organ culture of tongue primordia. RESULTS Microarray and ingenuity pathway analyses confirmed the significant upregulation of myogenic signaling molecules, including Nfix, associated with the differentiation of myoblasts from myogenic progenitor cells during E10.5-E11.5. Quantitative PCR confirmed that Nfix expression started at E10.5 and peaked at E14.5. Fetal myoblast-specific genes, such as Mck and Myh8, were upregulated after E14.5, whereas embryonic myoblast-specific genes, such as Myh3 and Myh7, were downregulated. When Nfix was inhibited in the organ culture of tongue primordia, subtle morphological differences were noted in the tongue. Such an observation was only noted in the cultures of E10.5-derived tongue primordia. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal the contribution of Nfix to tongue myogenesis. Nfix expression during early tongue development may play a vital role in tongue muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Kawamoto
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Taisuke Hani
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Fujita
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Yuji Taya
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Sasaki
- Department of Dentistry, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, 2-138-4 Mutsukawa, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-8555, Japan.
| | - Tomoo Kudo
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Kaori Sato
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Yuuichi Soeno
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
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Xu J, Liu H, Lan Y, Jiang R. The transcription factors Foxf1 and Foxf2 integrate the SHH, HGF and TGFβ signaling pathways to drive tongue organogenesis. Development 2022; 149:dev200667. [PMID: 36227576 PMCID: PMC10655918 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The tongue is a highly specialized muscular organ with diverse cellular origins, which provides an excellent model for understanding mechanisms controlling tissue-tissue interactions during organogenesis. Previous studies showed that SHH signaling is required for tongue morphogenesis and tongue muscle organization, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that the Foxf1/Foxf2 transcription factors act in the cranial neural crest cell (CNCC)-derived mandibular mesenchyme to control myoblast migration into the tongue primordium during tongue initiation, and thereafter continue to regulate intrinsic tongue muscle assembly and lingual tendon formation. We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis and identified Hgf, Tgfb2 and Tgfb3 among the target genes of Foxf2 in the embryonic tongue. Through genetic analyses of mice with CNCC-specific inactivation of Smo or both Foxf1 and Foxf2, we show that Foxf1 and Foxf2 mediate hedgehog signaling-mediated regulation of myoblast migration during tongue initiation and intrinsic tongue muscle formation by regulating the activation of the HGF and TGFβ signaling pathways. These data uncover the molecular network integrating the SHH, HGF and TGFβ signaling pathways in regulating tongue organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Xu
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Han Liu
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yu Lan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rulang Jiang
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Zhang W, Yu J, Fu G, Li J, Huang H, Liu J, Yu D, Qiu M, Li F. ISL1/SHH/CXCL12 signaling regulates myogenic cell migration during mouse tongue development. Development 2022; 149:277065. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Migration of myoblasts derived from the occipital somites is essential for tongue morphogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms of myoblast migration remain elusive. In this study, we report that deletion of Isl1 in the mouse mandibular epithelium leads to aglossia due to myoblast migration defects. Isl1 regulates the expression pattern of chemokine ligand 12 (Cxcl12) in the first branchial arch through the Shh/Wnt5a cascade. Cxcl12+ mesenchymal cells in Isl1ShhCre embryos were unable to migrate to the distal region, but instead clustered in a relatively small proximal domain of the mandible. CXCL12 serves as a bidirectional cue for myoblasts expressing its receptor CXCR4 in a concentration-dependent manner, attracting Cxcr4+ myoblast invasion at low concentrations but repelling at high concentrations. The accumulation of Cxcl12+ mesenchymal cells resulted in high local concentrations of CXCL12, which prevented Cxcr4+ myoblast invasion. Furthermore, transgenic activation of Ihh alleviated defects in tongue development and rescued myoblast migration, confirming the functional involvement of Hedgehog signaling in tongue development. In summary, this study provides the first line of genetic evidence that the ISL1/SHH/CXCL12 axis regulates myoblast migration during tongue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huarong Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University 2 , Hangzhou 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University 3 , Hangzhou 310018 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feixue Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
- of Organ Development and Regeneration, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University 1 , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
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Yamanouchi K, Tanaka Y, Ikeda M, Kato S, Okino R, Nishi H, Hakuno F, Takahashi SI, Chambers J, Matsuwaki T, Uchida K. Macroglossia and less advanced dystrophic change in the tongue muscle of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy rat. Skelet Muscle 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 36258243 PMCID: PMC9580129 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle disease caused by a complete lack of dystrophin, which stabilizes the plasma membrane of myofibers. The orofacial function is affected in an advanced stage of DMD and this often leads to an eating disorder such as dysphagia. Dysphagia is caused by multiple etiologies including decreased mastication and swallowing. Therefore, preventing the functional declines of mastication and swallowing in DMD is important to improve the patient’s quality of life. In the present study, using a rat model of DMD we generated previously, we performed analyses on the masseter and tongue muscles, both are required for proper eating function. Methods Age-related changes of the masseter and tongue muscle of DMD rats were analyzed morphometrically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. Also, transcription of cellular senescent markers, and utrophin (Utrn), a functional analog of dystrophin, was examined. Results The masseter muscle of DMD rats showed progressive dystrophic changes as observed in their hindlimb muscle, accompanied by increased transcription of p16 and p19. On the other hand, the tongue of DMD rats showed macroglossia due to hypertrophy of myofibers with less dystrophic changes. Proliferative activity was preserved in the satellite cells from the tongue muscle but was perturbed severely in those from the masseter muscle. While Utrn transcription was increased in the masseter muscle of DMD rats compared to WT rats, probably due to a compensatory mechanism, its level in the tongue muscle was comparable between WT and DMD rats and was similar to that in the masseter muscle of DMD rats. Conclusions Muscular dystrophy is less advanced in the tongue muscle compared to the masseter muscle in the DMD rat. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13395-022-00307-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Yamanouchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Yukie Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masanari Ikeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shizuka Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Okino
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishi
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hakuno
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takahashi
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - James Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuwaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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11
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Asada N, Suzuki K, Sunohara M. Spatiotemporal distribution analyses of Wnt5a ligand and its receptors Ror2, Frizzled2, and Frizzled5 during tongue muscle development in prenatal mice. Ann Anat 2022; 245:152017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Gene profiling in dorso-ventral patterning of mouse tongue development. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:1181-1189. [PMID: 35951154 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tongue is a muscular fleshy organ in the oral cavity that is anatomically divided into the dorsal, ventral, anterior, and posterior part. The intricate tissue organisation and diverse origins of the tongue make it a complex organ of the oral cavity. OBJECTIVES To reveal the signalling molecules involved in the formation of the dorsal and ventral parts of the tongue through microarray analysis. METHODS Dorsal and ventral tongue tissues were isolated from embryonic day 14 mice by micro-dissection. RNA was extracted from the dorsal and ventral tongue tissues separately for microarray analysis. Microarray data were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and whole-mount in situ hybridisation. RESULTS Microarray analysis revealed expression of 33,793 genes. Of these, 931 genes were found to be equally expressed in both the dorsal and ventral parts of the tongue. On limiting the fold-change cut-off to over 1.5-fold, 725 genes were expressed over 1.5-fold in the ventral part and 1,672 in the dorsal part of the tongue. The qPCR and whole-mount in situ hybridisation revealed the expressions of angiopoietin 2 (Angpt2), fibroblast growth factor 18 (Fgf18), mesenchyme homeobox gene1 (Meox1), and SPARC-related modular calcium binding 2 (Smoc2) in the ventral part of the tongue. CONCLUSIONS Numerous signalling molecules can be selected from our microarray results to examine their roles in tongue development and disease model systems. In the near future, the selection of candidate genes and their functional evaluations will be performed through loss- and gain-of-function mutation studies.
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13
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Abstract
Tethered oral tissue may represent anatomic variation or true pathology with functional limitations. The most prevalent functional limitation is impaired feeding due to ankyloglossia. Treatment options include conservative management with feeding support versus intervention such as frenotomy or frenuloplasty. The benefits of intervention have yet to be fully elucidated. Many can agree that intervention may improve maternal pain during breastfeeding, but the impact of these procedures on feeding efficiency and intake is debated. Alternate ties such as posterior ankyloglossia and lip tie have been proposed as pathologic oral ties, but their true impact on feeding and speech articulation remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Talmor
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen Street, Suite 8100, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Christen L Caloway
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen Street, Suite 8100, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; Department of Surgery, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, 11 Getty Avenue, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA.
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14
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Development and Regeneration of Muscle, Tendon, and Myotendinous Junctions in Striated Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063006. [PMID: 35328426 PMCID: PMC8950615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to a rapid increase in aging population in recent years, the deterioration of motor function in older adults has become an important social problem, and several studies have aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying muscle function decline. Furthermore, structural maintenance of the muscle–tendon–bone complexes in the muscle attachment sites is important for motor function, particularly for joints; however, the development and regeneration of these complexes have not been studied thoroughly and require further elucidation. Recent studies have provided insights into the roles of mesenchymal progenitors in the development and regeneration of muscles and myotendinous junctions. In particular, studies on muscles and myotendinous junctions have—through the use of the recently developed scRNA-seq—reported the presence of syncytia, thereby suggesting that fibroblasts may be transformed into myoblasts in a BMP-dependent manner. In addition, the high mobility group box 1—a DNA-binding protein found in nuclei—is reportedly involved in muscle regeneration. Furthermore, studies have identified several factors required for the formation of locomotor apparatuses, e.g., tenomodulin (Tnmd) and mohawk (Mkx), which are essential for tendon maturation.
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15
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Goto A, Kokabu S, Dusadeemeelap C, Kawaue H, Matsubara T, Tominaga K, Addison WN. Tongue Muscle for the Analysis of Head Muscle Regeneration Dynamics. J Dent Res 2022; 101:962-971. [PMID: 35193429 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221075966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tongue muscle damage impairs speaking and eating, thereby degrading overall health and quality of life. Skeletal muscles of the body are diverse in embryonic origin, anatomic location, and gene expression profiles. Responses to disease, atrophy, aging, or drugs vary among different muscles. Currently, most muscle studies are focused on limb muscles and the tongue is neglected. The regenerative ability of tongue muscle remains unknown, and thus there is need for tongue muscle research models. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of the spatiotemporal dynamics in a mouse model of tongue muscle regeneration and establish a method for the isolation of primary tongue-derived satellite cells. We compare and contrast our observations with the tibialis anterior (TA) limb muscle. Acute injury was induced by intramuscular injection of cardiotoxin, a cytolytic agent, and examined at multiple timepoints. Initially, necrotic myofibers with fragmented sarcoplasm became infiltrated with inflammatory cells. Concomitantly, satellite cells expanded rapidly. Seven days postinjury, regenerated myofibers with centralized nuclei appeared. Full regeneration, as well as an absence of fibrosis, was evident 21 d postinjury. Primary tongue-derived satellite cells were isolated by enzymatic separation of tongue epithelium from mesenchyme followed by magnetic-activated cell sorting. We observed that tongue displays an efficient regenerative response similar to TA but with slightly faster kinetics. In vitro, tongue-derived satellite cells differentiated robustly into mature myotubes with spontaneous contractile behavior and myogenic marker expression. Comparison of gene expression signatures between tongue and TA-derived satellite cells revealed differences in the expression of positional-identity genes, including the HOX family. In conclusion, we have established a model for tongue regeneration useful for investigations of orofacial muscle biology. Furthermore, we showed that tongue is a viable source of satellite cells with unique properties and inherited positional memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goto
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - C Dusadeemeelap
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Kawaue
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Tominaga
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - W N Addison
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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16
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Liao C, Lu M, Hong Y, Mao C, Chen J, Ren C, Lin M, Chen W. Osteogenic and angiogenic profiles of the palatal process of the maxilla and the palatal process of the palatine bone. J Anat 2022; 240:385-397. [PMID: 34569061 PMCID: PMC8742962 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hard palate consists anteriorly of the palatal process of the maxilla (ppmx) and posteriorly of the palatal process of the palatine (ppp). Currently, palatal osteogenesis is receiving increasing attention. This is the first study to provide an overview of the osteogenesis process of the mouse hard palate. We found that the period in which avascular mesenchymal condensation becomes a vascularized bone structure corresponds to embryonic day (E) 14.5 to E16.5 in the hard palate. The ppmx and ppp differ remarkably in morphology and molecular respects during osteogenesis. Osteoclasts in the ppmx and ppp are heterogeneous. There was a multinucleated giant osteoclast on the bone surface at the lateral-nasal side of the ppmx, while osteoclasts in the ppp were more abundant and adjacent to blood vessels but were smaller and had fewer nuclei. In addition, bone remodeling in the hard palate was asymmetric and exclusively occurred on the nasal side of the hard palate at E18.5. During angiogenesis, CD31-positive endothelial cells were initially localized in the surrounding of palatal mesenchymal condensation and then invaded the condensation in a sprouting fashion. At the transcriptome level, we found 78 differentially expressed genes related to osteogenesis and angiogenesis between the ppmx and ppp. Fifty-five related genes were up/downregulated from E14.5 to E16.5. Here, we described the morphogenesis and the heterogeneity in the osteogenic and angiogenic genes profiles of the ppmx and ppp, which are significant for subsequent studies of normal and abnormal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyu Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Yuhang Hong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Chuanqing Mao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Jiangping Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Chengyan Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Minkui Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Weihui Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and UniversitySchool and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
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17
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Ishan M, Chen G, Yu W, Wang Z, Giovannini M, Cao X, Liu HX. Deletion of Nf2 in neural crest-derived tongue mesenchyme alters tongue shape and size, Hippo signalling and cell proliferation in a region- and stage-specific manner. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13144. [PMID: 34697858 PMCID: PMC8666282 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The mammalian tongue develops from the branchial arches (1–4) and comprises highly organized tissues compartmentalized by mesenchyme/connective tissue that is largely derived from neural crest (NC). This study aimed to understand the roles of tumour suppressor Neurofibromin 2 (Nf2) in NC‐derived tongue mesenchyme in regulating Hippo signalling and cell proliferation for the proper development of tongue shape and size. Materials and methods Conditional knockout (cKO) of Nf2 in NC cell lineage was generated using Wnt1‐Cre (Wnt1‐Cre/Nf2cKO). Nf2 expression, Hippo signalling activities, cell proliferation and tongue shape and size were thoroughly analysed in different tongue regions and tissue types of Wnt1‐Cre/Nf2cKO and Cre‐/Nf2fx/fx littermates at various stages (E10.5–E18.5). Results In contrast to many other organs in which the Nf2/Hippo pathway activity restrains growth and cell proliferation and as a result, loss of Nf2 decreases Hippo pathway activity and promotes an enlarged organ development, here we report our observations of distinct, tongue region‐ and stage‐specific alterations of Hippo signalling activity and cell proliferation in Nf2cKO in NC‐derived tongue mesenchyme. Compared to Cre−/Nf2fx/fx littermates, Wnt1‐Cre/Nf2cKO depicted a non‐proportionally enlarged tongue (macroglossia) at E12.5–E13.5 and microglossia at later stages (E15.5–E18.5). Specifically, at E12.5 Nf2cKO mutants had a decreased level of Hippo signalling transcription factor Yes‐associated protein (Yap), Yap target genes and cell proliferation anteriorly, while having an increased Yap, Yap target genes and cell proliferation posteriorly, which lead to a tip‐pointed and posteriorly widened tongue. At E15.5, loss of Nf2 in the NC lineage resulted in distinct changes in cell proliferation in different regions, that is, high in epithelium and mesenchyme subjacent to the epithelium, and lower in deeper layers of the mesenchyme. At E18.5, cell proliferation was reduced throughout the Nf2cKO tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ishan
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Guiqian Chen
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Wenxin Yu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zhonghou Wang
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Marco Giovannini
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinwei Cao
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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18
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Wang Q, Xu L, Miura J, Saha MK, Uemura Y, Sandell LL, Trainor PA, Yamashiro T, Kurosaka H. Branchiomeric Muscle Development Requires Proper Retinoic Acid Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:596838. [PMID: 34307338 PMCID: PMC8299418 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.596838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The first and second branchiomeric (branchial arch) muscles are craniofacial muscles that derive from branchial arch mesoderm. In mammals, this set of muscles is indispensable for jaw movement and facial expression. Defects during embryonic development that result in congenital partial absence of these muscles can have significant impact on patients’ quality of life. However, the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate branchiomeric muscle development remains poorly understood. Herein we investigated the role of retinoic acid (RA) signaling in developing branchiomeric muscles using mice as a model. We administered all-trans RA (25 mg/kg body weight) to Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) pregnant mice by gastric intubation from E8.5 to E10.5. In their embryos at E13.5, we found that muscles derived from the first branchial arch (temporalis, masseter) and second branchial arch (frontalis, orbicularis oculi) were severely affected or undetectable, while other craniofacial muscles were hypoplastic. We detected elevated cell death in the branchial arch mesoderm cells in RA-treated embryos, suggesting that excessive RA signaling reduces the survival of precursor cells of branchiomeric muscles, resulting in the development of hypoplastic craniofacial muscles. In order to uncover the signaling pathway(s) underlying this etiology, we focused on Pitx2, Tbx1, and MyoD1, which are critical for cranial muscle development. Noticeably reduced expression of all these genes was detected in the first and second branchial arch of RA-treated embryos. Moreover, elevated RA signaling resulted in a reduction in Dlx5 and Dlx6 expression in cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs), which disturbed their interactions with branchiomeric mesoderm cells. Altogether, we discovered that embryonic craniofacial muscle defects caused by excessive RA signaling were associated with the downregulation of Pitx2, Tbx1, MyoD1, and Dlx5/6, and reduced survival of cranial myogenic precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Jiro Miura
- Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Mithun Kumar Saha
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yume Uemura
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Lisa L Sandell
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Paul A Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Takashi Yamashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurosaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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19
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Zhang J, Lin C, Song Y, Zhang Y, Chen J. Augmented BMP4 signal impairs tongue myogenesis. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:651-659. [PMID: 34076834 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-09987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tongue muscles are derived from mesodermal cells, while signals driven by cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) regulate tongue myogenesis via tissue-tissue interaction. Based on such mechanisms of interaction, congenital tongue defects occur in CNC-related syndromes in humans. This study utilized a pathologic model for the syndrome of congenital bony syngnathia, Wnt1-Cre;pMes-Bmp4 mouse line, to explore impacts of enhanced CNCCs-originated BMP4 signal on tongue myogenesis via tissue-tissue interaction. Our results revealed that microglossia, a clinical phenotype of congenital bony syngnathia in humans exhibited in Wnt1-Cre;pMes-Bmp4 mice due to impaired myogenesis. The augmented BMP4 signal affected the distal distribution, proliferation, and differentiation of myogenic cells as well as tendon patterning, resulting in disarrangement and atrophy of tongue muscles and the loss of the anterior digastric muscle. This study demonstrated how a CNCCs-originated ligand impaired tongue myogenesis via a non-autonomous way, which provided potential formation mechanisms for understanding tongue abnormalities in CNC-related syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chensheng Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanding Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Takenoshita M, Takechi M, Vu Hoang T, Furutera T, Akagawa C, Namangkalakul W, Aoto K, Kume T, Miyashin M, Iwamoto T, Iseki S. Cell lineage- and expression-based inference of the roles of forkhead box transcription factor Foxc2 in craniofacial development. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1125-1139. [PMID: 33667029 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foxc2 is a member of the winged helix/forkhead (Fox) box family of transcription factors. Loss of function of Foxc2 causes craniofacial abnormalities such as cleft palate and deformed cranial base, but its role during craniofacial development remains to be elucidated. RESULTS The contributions of Foxc2-positive and its descendant cells to the craniofacial structure at E18.5 were examined using a tamoxifen-inducible Cre driver mouse (Foxc2-CreERT2) crossed with the R26R-LacZ reporter mouse. Foxc2 expression at E8.5 is restricted to the cranial mesenchyme, contributing to specific components including the cranial base, sensory capsule, tongue, upper incisor, and middle ear. Expression at E10.5 was still positively regulated in most of those regions. In situ hybridization analysis of Foxc2 and its closely related gene, Foxc1, revealed that expression domains of these genes largely overlap in the cephalic mesenchyme. Meanwhile, the tongue expressed Foxc2 but not Foxc1, and its development was affected by the neural crest-specific deletion of Foxc2 in mice (Wnt1-Cre; Foxc2fl/fl ). CONCLUSIONS Foxc2 is expressed in cranial mesenchyme that contributes to specific craniofacial tissue components from an early stage, and it seems to be involved in their development in cooperation with Foxc1. Foxc2 also has its own role in tongue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Takenoshita
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Special Needs Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Takechi
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tri Vu Hoang
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiko Furutera
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisaki Akagawa
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Worachat Namangkalakul
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushi Aoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kume
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Development of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michiyo Miyashin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Special Needs Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Iwamoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Special Needs Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Iseki
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Haddad S, S Abdel-Megeid N, Abumandour MMA. Morphogenesis of the New Zealand white rabbit tongue (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1586-1595. [PMID: 33522689 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to describe the prenatal developmental stages of the rabbit tongue. Thirty-five embryos of prenatal ages (E16, E19, E23, E25, E28, and Postnatal) were obtained from New Zealand white (NZW) rabbit. The primordia of the tongue were observed on the foundation as early as day 16 prenatal age (E16). The first primordia of lingual papillae were observed that including the primordia of circumvallate papillae at day 19 prenatal (E19). Thickenings of lingual epithelium developed at 19 day prenatal of embryo. At day 23-25 pc, the presence of primordia of foliate papillae was shown in addition to primordia of the fungiform and filiform papillae were found. The development of the final shape of the tongue is a longstanding process that occurs during the prenatal and postnatal life. The first primordia of gustatory papillae appear, and only later primordia of mechanical papillae are formed. In conclusion, the morphogenesis of the tongue and its lingual papillae discussed its herbivorous nature of feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Haddad
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Nazema S Abdel-Megeid
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M A Abumandour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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22
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Choi S, Ferrari G, Tedesco FS. Cellular dynamics of myogenic cell migration: molecular mechanisms and implications for skeletal muscle cell therapies. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e12357. [PMID: 33210465 PMCID: PMC7721365 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Directional cell migration is a critical process underlying morphogenesis and post-natal tissue regeneration. During embryonic myogenesis, migration of skeletal myogenic progenitors is essential to generate the anlagen of limbs, diaphragm and tongue, whereas in post-natal skeletal muscles, migration of muscle satellite (stem) cells towards regions of injury is necessary for repair and regeneration of muscle fibres. Additionally, safe and efficient migration of transplanted cells is critical in cell therapies, both allogeneic and autologous. Although various myogenic cell types have been administered intramuscularly or intravascularly, functional restoration has not been achieved yet in patients with degenerative diseases affecting multiple large muscles. One of the key reasons for this negative outcome is the limited migration of donor cells, which hinders the overall cell engraftment potential. Here, we review mechanisms of myogenic stem/progenitor cell migration during skeletal muscle development and post-natal regeneration. Furthermore, strategies utilised to improve migratory capacity of myogenic cells are examined in order to identify potential treatments that may be applied to future transplantation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- SungWoo Choi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Giulia Ferrari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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23
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Fabik J, Kovacova K, Kozmik Z, Machon O. Neural crest cells require Meis2 for patterning the mandibular arch via the Sonic hedgehog pathway. Biol Open 2020; 9:9/6/bio052043. [PMID: 32616504 PMCID: PMC7331463 DOI: 10.1242/bio.052043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranial neural crest cells (cNCCs) originate in the anterior neural tube and populate pharyngeal arches in which they contribute to formation of bone and cartilage. This cell population also provides molecular signals for the development of tissues of non-neural crest origin, such as the tongue muscles, teeth enamel or gland epithelium. Here we show that the transcription factor Meis2 is expressed in the oral region of the first pharyngeal arch (PA1) and later in the tongue primordium. Conditional inactivation of Meis2 in cNCCs resulted in loss of Sonic hedgehog signalling in the oropharyngeal epithelium and impaired patterning of PA1 along the lateral-medial and oral-aboral axis. Failure of molecular specification of PA1, illustrated by altered expression of Hand1/2, Dlx5, Barx1, Gsc and other markers, led to hypoplastic tongue and ectopic ossification of the mandible. Meis2-mutant mice thus display craniofacial defects that are reminiscent of several human syndromes and patients with mutations in the Meis2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Fabik
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic.,Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kovacova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Kozmik
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Machon
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic .,Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
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24
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Miranda-Filho A, Bray F. Global patterns and trends in cancers of the lip, tongue and mouth. Oral Oncol 2020; 102:104551. [PMID: 31986342 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Global descriptions of international patterns and trends in oral cancer are informative in providing insight into the shifting epidemiologic patterns and the potential prevention of these tumours. We present global statistics on these cancers using the comprehensive set of national estimates and recorded data collated at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). METHODS The estimated number of lip and oral cavity cases and deaths in the 185 countries for the year 2018 was extracted from IARC's GLOBOCAN database of national estimates. To examine trends, recorded data series on lip and oral cavity cancers, as well as corresponding population-at-risk data were extracted from successive volumes of Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. RESULTS Globally, the highest incidence was found in South-Central Asia and parts of Oceania, with the highest estimated incidence rates in Papua New Guinea, Pakistan and India. The highest observed rates of lip cancer were in Australia, while India had the highest incidence rates of mouth and oral tongue cancer. Trends are diverse, with lip cancer incidence rates continuing to decrease for both sexes; the incidence rates of mouth cancer are also in decline in males, although increasing rates among females were observed in some populations. CONCLUSION There are some grounds for optimism given the prospects for control of these cancers. Primary prevention should however focus on the reduction of the main causes, namely, tobacco and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Miranda-Filho
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Freddie Bray
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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25
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Maynard TM, Zohn IE, Moody SA, LaMantia AS. Suckling, Feeding, and Swallowing: Behaviors, Circuits, and Targets for Neurodevelopmental Pathology. Annu Rev Neurosci 2020; 43:315-336. [PMID: 32101484 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-100419-100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
All mammals must suckle and swallow at birth, and subsequently chew and swallow solid foods, for optimal growth and health. These initially innate behaviors depend critically upon coordinated development of the mouth, tongue, pharynx, and larynx as well as the cranial nerves that control these structures. Disrupted suckling, feeding, and swallowing from birth onward-perinatal dysphagia-is often associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders that subsequently alter complex behaviors. Apparently, a broad range of neurodevelopmental pathologic mechanisms also target oropharyngeal and cranial nerve differentiation. These aberrant mechanisms, including altered patterning, progenitor specification, and neurite growth, prefigure dysphagia and may then compromise circuits for additional behavioral capacities. Thus, perinatal dysphagia may be an early indicator of disrupted genetic and developmental programs that compromise neural circuits and yield a broad range of behavioral deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Maynard
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, USA;
| | - Irene E Zohn
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.,Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Sally A Moody
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Anthony-S LaMantia
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, USA; .,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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26
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Ishan M, Chen G, Sun C, Chen SY, Komatsu Y, Mishina Y, Liu HX. Increased activity of mesenchymal ALK2-BMP signaling causes posteriorly truncated microglossia and disorganization of lingual tissues. Genesis 2020; 58:e23337. [PMID: 31571391 PMCID: PMC6980365 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proper development of taste organs including the tongue and taste papillae requires interactions with the underlying mesenchyme through multiple molecular signaling pathways. The effects of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and antagonists are profound, however, the tissue-specific roles of distinct receptors are largely unknown. Here, we report that constitutive activation (ca) of ALK2-BMP signaling in the tongue mesenchyme (marked by Wnt1-Cre) caused microglossia-a dramatically smaller and misshapen tongue with a progressively severe reduction in size along the anteroposterior axis and absence of a pharyngeal region. At E10.5, the tongue primordia (branchial arches 1-4) formed in Wnt1-Cre/caAlk2 mutants while each branchial arch responded to elevated BMP signaling distinctly in gene expression of BMP targets (Id1, Snai1, Snai2, and Runx2), proliferation (Cyclin-D1) and apoptosis (p53). Moreover, elevated ALK2-BMP signaling in the mesenchyme resulted in apparent defects of lingual epithelium, muscles, and nerves. In Wnt1-Cre/caAlk2 mutants, a circumvallate papilla was missing and further development of formed fungiform papillae was arrested in late embryos. Our data collectively demonstrate that ALK2-BMP signaling in the mesenchyme plays essential roles in orchestrating various tissues for proper development of the tongue and its appendages in a region-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ishan
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Guiqian Chen
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Chenming Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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27
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Okuhara S, Birjandi AA, Adel Al-Lami H, Sagai T, Amano T, Shiroishi T, Xavier GM, Liu KJ, Cobourne MT, Iseki S. Temporospatial sonic hedgehog signalling is essential for neural crest-dependent patterning of the intrinsic tongue musculature. Development 2019; 146:146/21/dev180075. [PMID: 31719045 DOI: 10.1242/dev.180075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The tongue is a highly specialised muscular organ with a complex anatomy required for normal function. We have utilised multiple genetic approaches to investigate local temporospatial requirements for sonic hedgehog (SHH) signalling during tongue development. Mice lacking a Shh cis-enhancer, MFCS4 (ShhMFCS4/-), with reduced SHH in dorsal tongue epithelium have perturbed lingual septum tendon formation and disrupted intrinsic muscle patterning, with these defects reproduced following global Shh deletion from E10.5 in pCag-CreERTM; Shhflox/flox embryos. SHH responsiveness was diminished in local cranial neural crest cell (CNCC) populations in both mutants, with SHH targeting these cells through the primary cilium. CNCC-specific deletion of orofaciodigital syndrome 1 (Ofd1), which encodes a ciliary protein, in Wnt1-Cre; Ofdfl/Y mice led to a complete loss of normal myotube arrangement and hypoglossia. In contrast, mesoderm-specific deletion of Ofd1 in Mesp1-Cre; Ofdfl/Y embryos resulted in normal intrinsic muscle arrangement. Collectively, these findings suggest key temporospatial requirements for local SHH signalling in tongue development (specifically, lingual tendon differentiation and intrinsic muscle patterning through signalling to CNCCs) and provide further mechanistic insight into the tongue anomalies seen in patients with disrupted hedgehog signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Okuhara
- Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Dental and Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Anahid A Birjandi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Hadeel Adel Al-Lami
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tomoko Sagai
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takanori Amano
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shiroishi
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Guilherme M Xavier
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Karen J Liu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Martyn T Cobourne
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sachiko Iseki
- Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Dental and Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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28
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Rabe A, Gesell Salazar M, Michalik S, Fuchs S, Welk A, Kocher T, Völker U. Metaproteomics analysis of microbial diversity of human saliva and tongue dorsum in young healthy individuals. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 11:1654786. [PMID: 31497257 PMCID: PMC6720020 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1654786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The human oral microbiome influences initiation or progression of diseases like caries or periodontitis. Metaproteomics approaches enable the simultaneous investigation of microbial and host proteins and their interactions to improve understanding of oral diseases. Objective: In this study, we provide a detailed metaproteomics perspective of the composition of salivary and tongue microbial communities of young healthy subjects. Design: Stimulated saliva and tongue samples were collected from 24 healthy volunteers, subjected to shotgun nLC-MS/MS and analyzed by the Trans-Proteomic Pipeline and the Prophane tool. Results: 3,969 bacterial and 1,857 human proteins could be identified from saliva and tongue, respectively. In total, 1,971 bacterial metaproteins and 1,154 human proteins were shared in both sample types. Twice the amount of bacterial metaproteins were uniquely identified for the tongue dorsum compared to saliva. Overall, 107 bacterial genera of seven phyla formed the microbiome. Comparative analysis identified significant functional differences between the microbial biofilm on the tongue and the microbiome of saliva. Conclusion: Even if the microbial communities of saliva and tongue dorsum showed a strong similarity based on identified protein functions and deduced bacterial composition, certain specific characteristics were observed. Both microbiomes exhibit a great diversity with seven genera being most abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rabe
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Michalik
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Fuchs
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistances, Robert Koch-Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Alexander Welk
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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29
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Li J, Rodriguez G, Han X, Janečková E, Kahng S, Song B, Chai Y. Regulatory Mechanisms of Soft Palate Development and Malformations. J Dent Res 2019; 98:959-967. [PMID: 31150594 PMCID: PMC6651766 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519851786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefting is the most common congenital craniofacial malformation, appearing in approximately 1 in 700 live births. Orofacial clefting includes several distinct anatomic malformations affecting the upper lip and hard and soft palate. The etiology of orofacial clefting is multifactorial, including genetic or environmental factors or their combination. A large body of work has focused on the molecular etiology of cleft lip and clefts of the hard palate, but study of the underlying etiology of soft palate clefts is an emerging field. Recent advances in the understanding of soft palate development suggest that it may be regulated by distinct pathways from those implicated in hard palate development. Soft palate clefting leads to muscle misorientation and oropharyngeal deficiency and adversely affects speech, swallowing, breathing, and hearing. Hence, there is an important need to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of soft palate development. Significantly, the anatomy, function, and development of soft palatal muscles are similar in humans and mice, rendering the mouse an excellent model for investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms of soft palate clefts. Cranial neural crest-derived cells provide important regulatory cues to guide myogenic progenitors to differentiate into muscles in the soft palate. Signals from the palatal epithelium also play key roles via tissue-tissue interactions mediated by Tgf-β, Wnt, Fgf, and Hh signaling molecules. Additionally, mutations in transcription factors, such as Dlx5, Tbx1, and Tbx22, have been associated with soft palate clefting in humans and mice, suggesting that they play important regulatory roles during soft palate development. Finally, we highlight the importance of distinguishing specific types of soft palate defects in patients and developing relevant animal models for each of these types to improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of soft palate development. This knowledge will provide a foundation for improving treatment for patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Li
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G. Rodriguez
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - X. Han
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E. Janečková
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S. Kahng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B. Song
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Y. Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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30
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Talbot JC, Teets EM, Ratnayake D, Duy PQ, Currie PD, Amacher SL. Muscle precursor cell movements in zebrafish are dynamic and require Six family genes. Development 2019; 146:dev171421. [PMID: 31023879 PMCID: PMC6550023 DOI: 10.1242/dev.171421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Muscle precursors need to be correctly positioned during embryonic development for proper body movement. In zebrafish, a subset of hypaxial muscle precursors from the anterior somites undergo long-range migration, moving away from the trunk in three streams to form muscles in distal locations such as the fin. We mapped long-distance muscle precursor migrations with unprecedented resolution using live imaging. We identified conserved genes necessary for normal precursor motility (six1a, six1b, six4a, six4b and met). These genes are required for movement away from somites and later to partition two muscles within the fin bud. During normal development, the middle muscle precursor stream initially populates the fin bud, then the remainder of this stream contributes to the posterior hypaxial muscle. When we block fin bud development by impairing retinoic acid synthesis or Fgfr function, the entire stream contributes to the posterior hypaxial muscle indicating that muscle precursors are not committed to the fin during migration. Our findings demonstrate a conserved muscle precursor motility pathway, identify dynamic cell movements that generate posterior hypaxial and fin muscles, and demonstrate flexibility in muscle precursor fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared C Talbot
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Center for Muscle Health and Neuromuscular Disorders, The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Emily M Teets
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dhanushika Ratnayake
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Phan Q Duy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter D Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Sharon L Amacher
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Center for Muscle Health and Neuromuscular Disorders, The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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31
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Telocytes constitute a widespread interstitial meshwork in the lamina propria and underlying striated muscle of human tongue. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5858. [PMID: 30971762 PMCID: PMC6458118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Telocytes have recently emerged as unique interstitial cells defined by their extremely long, thin and moniliform prolongations termed telopodes. Despite growing evidence that these cells consistently reside in the stromal compartment of various organs from human beings, studies dealing with telocytes in structures of the oral cavity are scarce. Hence, the present morphologic study was undertaken to explore for the first time the presence and specific localization of telocytes within tissues of the normal human tongue, a complex muscular organ whose main functions include taste, speech, and food manipulation in the oral cavity. Telocytes were initially identified by CD34 immunostaining and confirmed by CD34/PDGFRα double immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. CD34+/PDGFRα+ telocytes were organized in interstitial meshworks either in the tongue lamina propria or in the underlying striated muscle. Lingual telocytes were immunonegative for CD31, c-kit and α-SMA. Telopodes were finely distributed throughout the stromal space and concentrated beneath the lingual epithelium and around CD31+ vessels, skeletal muscle bundles/fibers, and intramuscular nerves and ganglia. They also enveloped salivary gland units outside the α-SMA+ myoepithelial cells and delimited lymphoid aggregates. These findings establish telocytes as a previously overlooked interstitial cell population worth investigating further in the setting of human tongue pathophysiology.
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32
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Ganesan K, Girgis S, Mitchell S. Lingual frenotomy in neonates: past, present, and future. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 57:207-213. [PMID: 30910412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, increasing awareness of breastfeeding and its health benefits has not been reflected in the provision of lingual frenotomy in neonates with tongue-tie. This could be because of inconsistencies in our understanding of the importance and treatment of ankyloglossia. In this review, we discuss the current clinical guidance on diagnosis and management, and the future of such a service in the early postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ganesan
- Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex; Leeds University.
| | - S Girgis
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London.
| | - S Mitchell
- Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex
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33
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Aguiar LS, Juliano GR, Silveira LAM, Oliveira MS, Torquato BGS, Juliano GR, Araújo MF, Pereira SAL, Teixeira VDPA, Ferraz MLF. Tongue development in stillborns autopsied at different gestational ages. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:616-623. [PMID: 29112857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze, through the morphometric method, the perimeter and length of the tongue, the collagen fibers, and the perimeter of blood vessels at different gestational ages and fetal weights. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tongues (n=55) of stillborns autopsied at 23-40 weeks of gestational age were macroscopically analyzed, and their length and perimeter were measured. Fifty-five tongue fragments were collected through a longitudinal section in the region that accompanies the median lingual sulcus and histologically processed. Slides were stained with picrosirius and immunolabeled with CD31 antibody. Quantification was performed on collagen fibers under polarized light, and on the perimeter of vessels with the CD31. RESULTS A positive and significant correlation of gestational age with tongue perimeter and length was found. There was a positive and significant correlation between collagen fibers and gestational age, as well as between gestational age and the perimeter of blood vessels. Between collagen fibers and fetal weight, a positive and significant increase was observed. Regarding the correlation between the perimeter of blood vessels and the fetal weight, an increase was observed. CONCLUSION As gestational age advances, there is an increase in tongue perimeter and length, in the percentage of collagen fibers, and in vascular perimeter, demonstrating that tongue formation is directly related to tongue growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Aguiar
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano A M Silveira
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Departamento de Cirurgia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Márcia F Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vicente de Paula A Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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34
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Tongue development in stillborns autopsied at different gestational ages. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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35
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Sox Genes Show Spatiotemporal Expression during Murine Tongue and Eyelid Development. Int J Dent 2018; 2018:1601363. [PMID: 30402101 PMCID: PMC6198611 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1601363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue is a critical organ, involved in functions such as speaking, swallowing, mastication, and degustation. Although Sox genes are known to play critical roles in many biological processes, including organogenesis, the expression of the Sox family members during tongue development remains unclear. We therefore performed a comparative in situ hybridization analysis of 17 Sox genes (Sox1–14, 17, 18, and 21) during murine tongue development. Sox2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 21 were found to be expressed in the tongue epithelium, whereas Sox2, 4–6, 8–11, 13, and 21 showed expression in the mesenchyme of the developing tongue. Expression of Sox1, 4, 6, 8–12, and 21 were observed in the developing tongue muscle. Sox5 and 13 showed expression only at E12, while Sox1 expression was observed only on E18. Sox6, 8, 9, and 12 showed expression at several stages. Although the expression of Sox2, 4, 10, 11, and 21 was detected during all the four stages of tongue development, their expression patterns differed among the stages. We thus identified a dynamic spatiotemporal expression pattern of the Sox genes during murine tongue development. To understand whether Sox genes are involved in the development of other craniofacial organs through similar roles to those in tongue development, we also examined the expression of Sox genes in eyelid primordia, which also contain epithelium, mesenchyme, and muscle. However, expression patterns and timing of Sox genes differed between tongue and eyelid development. Sox genes are thus related to organogenesis through different functions in each craniofacial organ.
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How to make a tongue: Cellular and molecular regulation of muscle and connective tissue formation during mammalian tongue development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 91:45-54. [PMID: 29784581 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate tongue is a complex muscular organ situated in the oral cavity and involved in multiple functions including mastication, taste sensation, articulation and the maintenance of oral health. Although the gross embryological contributions to tongue formation have been known for many years, it is only relatively recently that the molecular pathways regulating these processes have begun to be discovered. In particular, there is now evidence that the Hedgehog, TGF-Beta, Wnt and Notch signaling pathways all play an important role in mediating appropriate signaling interactions between the epithelial, cranial neural crest and mesodermal cell populations that are required to form the tongue. In humans, a number of congenital abnormalities that affect gross morphology of the tongue have also been described, occurring in isolation or as part of a developmental syndrome, which can greatly impact on the health and well-being of affected individuals. These anomalies can range from an absence of tongue formation (aglossia) through to diminutive (microglossia), enlarged (macroglossia) or bifid tongue. Here, we present an overview of the gross anatomy and embryology of mammalian tongue development, focusing on the molecular processes underlying formation of the musculature and connective tissues within this organ. We also survey the clinical presentation of tongue anomalies seen in human populations, whilst considering their developmental and genetic etiology.
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Elliott KH, Millington G, Brugmann SA. A novel role for cilia-dependent sonic hedgehog signaling during submandibular gland development. Dev Dyn 2018. [PMID: 29532549 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Submandibular glands (SMGs) are specialized epithelial structures which generate saliva necessary for mastication and digestion. Loss of SMGs can lead to inflammation, oral lesions, fungal infections, problems with chewing/swallowing, and tooth decay. Understanding the development of the SMG is important for developing therapeutic options for patients with impaired SMG function. Recent studies have suggested Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in the epithelium plays an integral role in SMG development; however, the mechanism by which Shh influences gland development remains nebulous. RESULTS Using the Kif3af/f ;Wnt1-Cre ciliopathic mouse model to prevent Shh signal transduction by means of the loss of primary cilia in neural crest cells, we report that mesenchymal Shh activity is necessary for gland development. Furthermore, using a variety of murine transgenic lines with aberrant mesenchymal Shh signal transduction, we determine that loss of Shh activity, by means of loss of the Gli activator, rather than gain of Gli repressor, is sufficient to cause the SMG aplasia. Finally, we determine that loss of the SMG correlates with reduced Neuregulin1 (Nrg1) expression and lack of innervation of the SMG epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data suggest a novel mechanistic role for mesenchymal Shh signaling during SMG development. Developmental Dynamics 247:818-831, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey H Elliott
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Grethel Millington
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Samantha A Brugmann
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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38
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Sugii H, Grimaldi A, Li J, Parada C, Vu-Ho T, Feng J, Jing J, Yuan Y, Guo Y, Maeda H, Chai Y. The Dlx5-FGF10 signaling cascade controls cranial neural crest and myoblast interaction during oropharyngeal patterning and development. Development 2017; 144:4037-4045. [PMID: 28982687 DOI: 10.1242/dev.155176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial development depends on cell-cell interactions, coordinated cellular movement and differentiation under the control of regulatory gene networks, which include the distal-less (Dlx) gene family. However, the functional significance of Dlx5 in patterning the oropharyngeal region has remained unknown. Here, we show that loss of Dlx5 leads to a shortened soft palate and an absence of the levator veli palatini, palatopharyngeus and palatoglossus muscles that are derived from the 4th pharyngeal arch (PA); however, the tensor veli palatini, derived from the 1st PA, is unaffected. Dlx5-positive cranial neural crest (CNC) cells are in direct contact with myoblasts derived from the pharyngeal mesoderm, and Dlx5 disruption leads to altered proliferation and apoptosis of CNC and muscle progenitor cells. Moreover, the FGF10 pathway is downregulated in Dlx5-/- mice, and activation of FGF10 signaling rescues CNC cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation in these mutant mice. Collectively, our results indicate that Dlx5 plays crucial roles in the patterning of the oropharyngeal region and development of muscles derived from the 4th PA mesoderm in the soft palate, likely via interactions between CNC-derived and myogenic progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Sugii
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Alexandre Grimaldi
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Carolina Parada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thach Vu-Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yuxing Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatological, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Kim M, Minoux M, Piaia A, Kueng B, Gapp B, Weber D, Haller C, Barbieri S, Namoto K, Lorenz T, Wirsching J, Bassilana F, Dietrich W, Rijli FM, Ksiazek I. DPP9 enzyme activity controls survival of mouse migratory tongue muscle progenitors and its absence leads to neonatal lethality due to suckling defect. Dev Biol 2017; 431:297-308. [PMID: 28887018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) is an intracellular N-terminal post-proline-cleaving enzyme whose physiological function remains largely unknown. We investigated the role of DPP9 enzyme in vivo by characterizing knock-in mice expressing a catalytically inactive mutant form of DPP9 (S729A; DPP9ki/ki mice). We show that DPP9ki/ki mice die within 12-18h after birth. The neonatal lethality can be rescued by manual feeding, indicating that a suckling defect is the primary cause of neonatal lethality. The suckling defect results from microglossia, and is characterized by abnormal formation of intrinsic muscles at the distal tongue. In DPP9ki/ki mice, the number of occipital somite-derived migratory muscle progenitors, forming distal tongue intrinsic muscles, is reduced due to increased apoptosis. In contrast, intrinsic muscles of the proximal tongue and extrinsic tongue muscles, which derive from head mesoderm, develop normally in DPP9ki/ki mice. Thus, lack of DPP9 activity in mice leads to impaired tongue development, suckling defect and subsequent neonatal lethality due to impaired survival of a specific subset of migratory tongue muscle progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkyung Kim
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maryline Minoux
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Piaia
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Kueng
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Berangere Gapp
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Weber
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Haller
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Barbieri
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenji Namoto
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Lorenz
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johann Wirsching
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Filippo M Rijli
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iwona Ksiazek
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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40
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Fakhouri WD, Metwalli K, Naji A, Bakhiet S, Quispe-Salcedo A, Nitschke L, Kousa YA, Schutte BC. Intercellular Genetic Interaction Between Irf6 and Twist1 during Craniofacial Development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7129. [PMID: 28769044 PMCID: PMC5540929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) and TWIST1 are transcription factors necessary for craniofacial development. Human genetic studies showed that mutations in IRF6 lead to cleft lip and palate and mandibular abnormalities. In the mouse, we found that loss of Irf6 causes craniosynostosis and mandibular hypoplasia. Similarly, mutations in TWIST1 cause craniosynostosis, mandibular hypoplasia and cleft palate. Based on this phenotypic overlap, we asked if Irf6 and Twist1 interact genetically during craniofacial formation. While single heterozygous mice are normal, double heterozygous embryos (Irf6+/−; Twist1+/−) can have severe mandibular hypoplasia that leads to agnathia and cleft palate at birth. Analysis of spatiotemporal expression showed that Irf6 and Twist1 are found in different cell types. Consistent with the intercellular interaction, we found reduced expression of Endothelin1 (EDN1) in mandible and transcription factors that are critical for mandibular patterning including DLX5, DLX6 and HAND2, were also reduced in mesenchymal cells. Treatment of mandibular explants with exogenous EDN1 peptides partially rescued abnormalities in Meckel’s cartilage. In addition, partial rescue was observed when double heterozygous embryos also carried a null allele of p53. Considering that variants in IRF6 and TWIST1 contribute to human craniofacial defects, this gene-gene interaction may have implications on craniofacial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid D Fakhouri
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center and MD Anderson Cancer Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Kareem Metwalli
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Ali Naji
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Sarah Bakhiet
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Angela Quispe-Salcedo
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, National University of San Marcos (UNMSM), Lima, Peru
| | - Larissa Nitschke
- Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Youssef A Kousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Pediatric Residency Program, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Brian C Schutte
- Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
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41
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Liu B, Liu C, Cong W, Li N, Zhou N, Tang Y, Wei C, Bai H, Zhang Y, Xiao J. Retinoid acid-induced microRNA-31-5p suppresses myogenic proliferation and differentiation by targeting CamkIIδ. Skelet Muscle 2017; 7:8. [PMID: 28526071 PMCID: PMC5437717 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-017-0126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that Wnt5a/CaMKIIδ (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta) pathway was involved in the embryonic tongue deformity induced by excess retinoic acid (RA). Our latest study found that the expression of miR-31-5p, which was predicted to target the 3'UTR of CamkIIδ, was raised in the RA-treated embryonic tongue. Thus, we hypothesized that the excess RA regulated Wnt5a/CaMKIIδ pathway through miR-31-5p in embryonic tongue. METHODS C2C12 myoblast line was employed as an in vitro model to examine the suppression of miR-31-5p on CamkIIδ expression, through which RA impaired the myoblast proliferation and differentiation in embryonic tongue. RESULTS RA stimulated the expression of miR-31-5p in both embryonic tongue and C2C12 myoblasts. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the 3'UTR of CamkIIδ was a target of miR-31-5p. MiR-31-5p mimics disrupted CamkIIδ expression, C2C12 proliferation and differentiation as excess RA did, while miR-31-5p inhibitor partially rescued these defects in the presence of RA. CONCLUSIONS Excess RA can stimulate miR-31-5p expression to suppress CamkIIδ, which represses the proliferation and differentiation of tongue myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Cong
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Wei
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Bai
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Basic Oral Sciences, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
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42
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Zhu XJ, Yuan X, Wang M, Fang Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Yang X, Li Y, Li J, Li F, Dai ZM, Qiu M, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. A Wnt/Notch/Pax7 signaling network supports tissue integrity in tongue development. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9409-9419. [PMID: 28438836 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.789438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tongue is one of the major structures involved in human food intake and speech. Tongue malformations such as aglossia, microglossia, and ankyloglossia are congenital birth defects, greatly affecting individuals' quality of life. However, the molecular basis of the tissue-tissue interactions that ensure tissue morphogenesis to form a functional tongue remains largely unknown. Here we show that ShhCre -mediated epithelial deletion of Wntless (Wls), the key regulator for intracellular Wnt trafficking, leads to lingual hypoplasia in mice. Disruption of epithelial Wnt production by Wls deletion in epithelial cells led to a failure in lingual epidermal stratification and loss of the lamina propria and the underlying superior longitudinal muscle in developing mouse tongues. These defective phenotypes resulted from a reduction in epithelial basal cells positive for the basal epidermal marker protein p63 and from impaired proliferation and differentiation in connective tissue and paired box 3 (Pax3)- and Pax7-positive muscle progenitor cells. We also found that epithelial Wnt production is required for activation of the Notch signaling pathway, which promotes proliferation of myogenic progenitor cells. Notch signaling in turn negatively regulated Wnt signaling during tongue morphogenesis. We further show that Pax7 is a direct Notch target gene in the embryonic tongue. In summary, our findings demonstrate a key role for the lingual epithelial signals in supporting the integrity of the lamina propria and muscular tissue during tongue development and that a Wnt/Notch/Pax7 genetic hierarchy is involved in this development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhu
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Xueyan Yuan
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Min Wang
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Yukun Fang
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Yudong Liu
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Xueqin Yang
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Yan Li
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Jianying Li
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Feixue Li
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Zhong-Min Dai
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
| | - Ze Zhang
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane Medical Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70115
| | - Zunyi Zhang
- From the Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Mammalian Organogenesis and Regeneration, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang 310036, China and
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43
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Millington G, Elliott KH, Chang YT, Chang CF, Dlugosz A, Brugmann SA. Cilia-dependent GLI processing in neural crest cells is required for tongue development. Dev Biol 2017; 424:124-137. [PMID: 28286175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are a class of diseases caused by the loss of a ubiquitous, microtubule-based organelle called a primary cilium. Ciliopathies commonly result in defective development of the craniofacial complex, causing midfacial defects, craniosynostosis, micrognathia and aglossia. Herein, we explored how the conditional loss of primary cilia on neural crest cells (Kif3af/f;Wnt1-Cre) generated aglossia. On a cellular level, our data revealed that aglossia in Kif3af/f;Wnt1-Cre embryos was due to a loss of mesoderm-derived muscle precursors migrating into and surviving in the tongue anlage. To determine the molecular basis for this phenotype, we performed RNA-seq, in situ hybridization, qPCR and Western blot analyses. We found that transduction of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway, rather than other pathways previously implicated in tongue development, was aberrant in Kif3af/f;Wnt1-Cre embryos. Despite increased production of full-length GLI2 and GLI3 isoforms, previously identified GLI targets important for mandibular and glossal development (Foxf1, Foxf2, Foxd1 and Foxd2) were transcriptionally downregulated in Kif3af/f;Wnt1-Cre embryos. Genetic removal of GLI activator (GLIA) isoforms in neural crest cells recapitulated the aglossia phenotype and downregulated Fox gene expression. Genetic addition of GLIA isoforms in neural crest cells partially rescued the aglossia phenotype and Fox gene expression in Kif3af/f;Wnt1-Cre embryos. Together, our data suggested that glossal development requires primary cilia-dependent GLIA activity in neural crest cells. Furthermore, these data, in conjunction with our previous work, suggested prominence specific roles for GLI isoforms; with development of the frontonasal prominence relying heavily on the repressor isoform and the development of the mandibular prominence/tongue relying heavily on the activator isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grethel Millington
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Kelsey H Elliott
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Ching-Fang Chang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Andrzej Dlugosz
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Samantha A Brugmann
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States.
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44
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Li N, Tang Y, Liu B, Cong W, Liu C, Xiao J. Retinoid acid-induced microRNA-27b-3p impairs C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation by suppressing α-dystrobrevin. Exp Cell Res 2016; 350:301-311. [PMID: 27889377 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that excess retinoic acid (RA) resulted in hypoplastic and derangement of myofilaments in embryonic tongue by inhibiting myogenic proliferation and differentiation through CamKIID pathway. Our further studies revealed that the expression of a series of miRNAs was altered by RA administration in embryonic tongue as well as in C2C12 cells. Thus, if excess RA impairs myogenic proliferation and differentiation through miRNAs is taken into account. In present study, miR-27b-3p was found up-regulated in RA-treated C2C12 cells as in embryonic tongue, and predicted to target the 3'UTR of α-dystrobrevin (DTNA). Luciferase reporter assays confirmed the direct interaction between miR-27b-3p and the 3'UTR of DTNA. MiR-27b-3p mimics recapitulated the RA repression on DTNA expression, C2C12 proliferation and differentiation, while the miR-27b-3p inhibitor circumvented these defects resulting from excess RA. As expected, the effects of siDTNA on C2C12 were coincided with those by RA treatment or miR-27b-3p mimics. Therefore, these findings indicated that excess RA inhibited the myoblast proliferation and differentiation by up-regulating miR-27b-3p to target DTNA, which implied a new mechanism in myogenic hypoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
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Bordoni B, Marelli F, Morabito B. The tongue after whiplash: case report and osteopathic treatment. Int Med Case Rep J 2016; 9:179-82. [PMID: 27462180 PMCID: PMC4939984 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s111147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue plays a fundamental role in several bodily functions; in the case of a dysfunction, an exhaustive knowledge of manual techniques to treat the tongue is useful in order to help patients on their path toward recovery. A 30-year-old male patient with a recent history of whiplash, with increasing cervical pain during swallowing and reduced ability to open the mouth, was treated with osteopathic techniques addressed to the tongue. The osteopathic techniques led to a disappearance of pain and the complete recovery of the normal functions of the tongue, such as swallowing and mouth opening. The manual osteopathic approach consists of applying a low load, in order to produce a long-lasting stretching of the myofascial complex, with the aim of restoring the optimal length of this continuum, decreasing pain, and improving functionality. According to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first article reporting a case of resolution of a post whiplash disorder through osteopathic treatment of the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Nascente IRCCS, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Institute of Hospitalization and Care with Scientific Address, Milan; CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Castellanza; CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Falconara Marittima, Ancona
| | - Fabiola Marelli
- CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Castellanza; CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Falconara Marittima, Ancona
| | - Bruno Morabito
- CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Castellanza; CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Falconara Marittima, Ancona; Foundation Polyclinic University A, Gemelli University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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46
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Xavier GM, Miletich I, Cobourne MT. Ephrin Ligands and Eph Receptors Show Regionally Restricted Expression in the Developing Palate and Tongue. Front Physiol 2016; 7:60. [PMID: 26941654 PMCID: PMC4763095 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Eph family receptor-interacting (ephrin) ligands and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma (Eph) receptors constitute the largest known family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Ephrin ligands and their receptors form an important cell communication system with widespread roles in normal physiology and disease pathogenesis. In order to investigate potential roles of the ephrin-Eph system during palatogenesis and tongue development, we have characterized the cellular mRNA expression of family members EphrinA1-A3, EphA1–A8, and EphrinB2, EphB1, EphB4 during murine embryogenesis between embryonic day 13.5–16.5 using radioactive in situ hybridization. With the exception of EphA6 and ephrinA3, all genes were regionally expressed during the process of palatogenesis, with restricted and often overlapping domains. Transcripts were identified in the palate epithelium, localized at the tip of the palatal shelves, in the mesenchyme and also confined to the medial epithelium seam. Numerous Eph transcripts were also identified during tongue development. In particular, EphA1 and EphA2 demonstrated a highly restricted and specific expression in the tongue epithelium at all stages examined, whereas EphA3 was strongly expressed in the lateral tongue mesenchyme. These results suggest regulatory roles for ephrin-EphA signaling in development of the murine palate and tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M Xavier
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's HospitalLondon, UK; Department of Orthodontics, King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's HospitalLondon, UK
| | - Isabelle Miletich
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's Hospital London, UK
| | - Martyn T Cobourne
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's HospitalLondon, UK; Department of Orthodontics, King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's HospitalLondon, UK
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47
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Boggs K, Venkatesan N, Mederacke I, Komatsu Y, Stice S, Schwabe RF, Mistretta CM, Mishina Y, Liu HX. Contribution of Underlying Connective Tissue Cells to Taste Buds in Mouse Tongue and Soft Palate. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146475. [PMID: 26741369 PMCID: PMC4704779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Taste buds, the sensory organs for taste, have been described as arising solely from the surrounding epithelium, which is in distinction from other sensory receptors that are known to originate from neural precursors, i.e., neural ectoderm that includes neural crest (NC). Our previous study suggested a potential contribution of NC derived cells to early immature fungiform taste buds in late embryonic (E18.5) and young postnatal (P1-10) mice. In the present study we demonstrated the contribution of the underlying connective tissue (CT) to mature taste buds in mouse tongue and soft palate. Three independent mouse models were used for fate mapping of NC and NC derived connective tissue cells: (1) P0-Cre/R26-tdTomato (RFP) to label NC, NC derived Schwann cells and derivatives; (2) Dermo1-Cre/RFP to label mesenchymal cells and derivatives; and (3) Vimentin-CreER/mGFP to label Vimentin-expressing CT cells and derivatives upon tamoxifen treatment. Both P0-Cre/RFP and Dermo1-Cre/RFP labeled cells were abundant in mature taste buds in lingual taste papillae and soft palate, but not in the surrounding epithelial cells. Concurrently, labeled cells were extensively distributed in the underlying CT. RFP signals were seen in the majority of taste buds and all three types (I, II, III) of differentiated taste bud cells, with the neuronal-like type III cells labeled at a greater proportion. Further, Vimentin-CreER labeled cells were found in the taste buds of 3-month-old mice whereas Vimentin immunoreactivity was only seen in the CT. Taken together, our data demonstrate a previously unrecognized origin of taste bud cells from the underlying CT, a conceptually new finding in our knowledge of taste bud cell derivation, i.e., from both the surrounding epithelium and the underlying CT that is primarily derived from NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Boggs
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Nandakumar Venkatesan
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Steve Stice
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Robert F. Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Charlotte M. Mistretta
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
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48
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Schock EN, Chang CF, Youngworth IA, Davey MG, Delany ME, Brugmann SA. Utilizing the chicken as an animal model for human craniofacial ciliopathies. Dev Biol 2015; 415:326-337. [PMID: 26597494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chicken has been a particularly useful model for the study of craniofacial development and disease for over a century due to their relatively large size, accessibility, and amenability for classical bead implantation and transplant experiments. Several naturally occurring mutant lines with craniofacial anomalies also exist and have been heavily utilized by developmental biologist for several decades. Two of the most well known lines, talpid(2) (ta(2)) and talpid(3) (ta(3)), represent the first spontaneous mutants to have the causative genes identified. Despite having distinct genetic causes, both mutants have recently been identified as ciliopathic. Excitingly, both of these mutants have been classified as models for human craniofacial ciliopathies: Oral-facial-digital syndrome (ta(2)) and Joubert syndrome (ta(3)). Herein, we review and compare these two models of craniofacial disease and highlight what they have revealed about the molecular and cellular etiology of ciliopathies. Furthermore, we outline how applying classical avian experiments and new technological advances (transgenics and genome editing) with naturally occurring avian mutants can add a tremendous amount to what we currently know about craniofacial ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N Schock
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ching-Fang Chang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ingrid A Youngworth
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Megan G Davey
- Division of Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Mary E Delany
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Samantha A Brugmann
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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Abstract
The tongue and mandible have common origins. They arise simultaneously from the mandibular arch and are coordinated in their development and growth, which is evident from several clinical conditions such as Pierre Robin sequence. Here, we review in detail the molecular networks controlling both mandible and tongue development. We also discuss their mechanical relationship and evolution as well as the potential for stem cell-based therapies for disorders affecting these organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Parada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Torii D, Soeno Y, Fujita K, Sato K, Aoba T, Taya Y. Embryonic tongue morphogenesis in an organ culture model of mouse mandibular arches: blocking Sonic hedgehog signaling leads to microglossia. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 52:89-99. [PMID: 26334330 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mouse tongue development is initiated with the formation of lateral lingual swellings just before fusion between the mediodorsal surfaces of the mandibular arches at around embryonic day 11.0. Here, we investigated the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in embryonic mouse tongue morphogenesis. For this, we used an organ culture model of the mandibular arches from mouse embryos at embryonic day 10.5. When the Shh signaling inhibitor jervine was added to the culture medium for 24-96 h, the formation of lateral lingual swellings and subsequent epithelial invagination into the mesenchyme were impaired markedly, leading to a hypoplastic tongue with an incomplete oral sulcus. Notably, jervine treatment reduced the proliferation of non-myogenic mesenchymal cells at the onset of forming the lateral lingual swellings, whereas it did not affect the proliferation and differentiation of a myogenic cell lineage, which created a cell community at the central circumferential region of the lateral lingual swellings as seen in vivo and in control cultures lacking the inhibitor. Thus, epithelium-derived Shh signaling stimulates the proliferation of non-myogenic mesenchymal cells essential for forming lateral lingual swellings and contributes to epithelial invagination into the mesenchyme during early tongue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Torii
- Department of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yuuichi Soeno
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujita
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Takaaki Aoba
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yuji Taya
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
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