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Tsukahara Y, Mountjoy M, Takazawa Y, Yagishita K, Ohuchi H, Akagi R, Katayose M, Fujiwara S, Engebretsen L. Analysis of the Characteristics of Patients Visiting the Tokyo 2020 Olympics Polyclinic. Clin J Sport Med 2024:00042752-990000000-00223. [PMID: 39120560 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the characteristics of patients who visited the Polyclinic during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and analyze geographical and economic correlations with the number of clinic visits. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Polyclinic during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. PARTICIPANTS Patients who visited the Polyclinic. INTERVENTION Data from the electronic medical record system of the Polyclinic were extracted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The number of visits for each athlete or team official was calculated by country. Relationship between number of visits per patient and total number of team members, total health expenditure per capita, density of medical doctors, life expectancy at birth, and education expenditure per gross domestic product (GDP) were investigated. Independent variables related to medal tables were also investigated. RESULTS The average number of visits per athlete was 0.67, and it was higher in athletes from non-high-income countries compared with high-income countries for both male and female athletes. Number of visits per athlete was higher in countries with low life expectancy at birth (95% CI, -0.16 to -0.02, P = 0.012) and education expenditure per GDP (95% CI, -0.17 to -0.04, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS During the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, the number of visits to the Polyclinic per athlete was higher in countries with low life expectancy at birth and education expenditure per GDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Tsukahara
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tokyo Women's College of Physical Education, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- International Olympic Committee Medical and Scientific Department, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yuji Takazawa
- Department of Sports Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yagishita
- Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohuchi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Akagi
- Knee Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, Oyumino Central Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Katayose
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan; and
| | - Sayaka Fujiwara
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- International Olympic Committee Medical and Scientific Department, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Talia AJ, Busuttil NA, Kendal AR, Brown R. Gender differences in foot and ankle sporting injuries: A systematic literature review. Foot (Edinb) 2024; 60:102122. [PMID: 39121692 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2024.102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the all-time high of female sports participation, there has been increasing scientific discourse and media interest in women's sporting injuries in recent years. In gender comparable sports the rate of foot and ankle injury for women is higher than for men. There are intrinsic and extrinsic factors which may explain this difference. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines of PubMed, Ovid EMBASE and OVID MEDLINE. Relevant key terms were used to narrow the scope of the search prior to screening. Case reports, review articles, paediatric patients, non foot and ankle injuries and combat sports were excluded. We used dual author, two pass screening to arrive at final included studies. RESULTS 2510 articles were screened after duplicate exclusion. 104 were included in this literature review. We identified lack of reporting gender difference in the literature.We identified that females have higher frequency and severity of injury. We provide an overview of our current understanding of ankle ligament complex injuries, stress fractures, ostochondral lesions of the talus and Achilles tendon rupture. We expand on the evidence of two codes of football, soccer and Australian rules, as a "case study" of how injury patterns differ between genders in the same sport. We identify gender specific characteristics including severity, types of injury, predisposing risk factors, anatomy, endocrinology and biomechanics associated with injuries. Finally, we examine the effect of level of competition on female injury patterns. CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of scientific reporting of gender differences of foot and ankle injuries. Female athletes suffer foot and ankle injuries at higher rates and with greater severity compared to males. This is an under-reported, yet important area of orthopaedics and sports medicine to understand, and hence reduce the injury burden for female athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J Talia
- Department of Foot & Ankle Surgery, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Health, Footscray Hospital, Gordon Street, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia; Melbourne Orthopaedic Group, 33 The Avenue, Windsor, VIC 3181, Australia.
| | - Nicholas A Busuttil
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Performance Science, Research and Innovation, The Movement Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Adrian R Kendal
- Department of Foot & Ankle Surgery, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; The Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Rick Brown
- Department of Foot & Ankle Surgery, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK.
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Opazo-Garcia C, Cardozo-Sanchez C, Moya-Salazar J, Gómez-Fett ME, Edwards-Toro F, Gálvez-Bravo F, Elgue-Idoyaga N, Contreras-Pulache H. Use of mouthguards in Latin American field hockey athletes during the ODESUR 2022 Games. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:275-280. [PMID: 38084787 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Athletes are susceptible to oral injuries. To reduce the incidence and severity of oral trauma, a custom-made mouthguard, a device positioned in the mouth to prevent damage to teeth and surrounding structures, is recommended. In field hockey, according to the international rules of this sport, using mouthguards is not mandatory, but it is recommended to wear them at all times while practicing this discipline. We aimed to determine characteristics and differences regarding mouthguard usage among field hockey players from different countries participating in the XII ODESUR Games. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 78 voluntary hockey athletes that met the inclusion criteria. The questionnaire used was validated by Panam Sports, collecting information on the type of mouthguard (custom-made or prefabricated), and the time of use of the mouthguard (range of 5 years). RESULTS Of the total number of athletes, 96% used mouthguards, of which 64% were custom-made type, and 32% were prefabricated (p < .001). Custom-made mouthguards were used by 100%, 89%, and 64% of athletes in Argentina, Chile, and Peru, respectively, while only 40% of athletes in Paraguay and Uruguay used them. It has also been observed that more than 50% of the individuals have not controlled and replaced their intraoral devices for more than 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a problem with a public health dimension and thus invite the standardization of guidelines with an educational approach to promoting and adopting good sports practices. This report is the first on using mouthguards in high-performance athletes during an international multisport event.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Cardozo-Sanchez
- Sports Dentistry Association of Chile (AODCh), Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Autónoma del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Jeel Moya-Salazar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Peru
- Digital Transformation Center, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
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Hardaker NJ, Hume PA, Sims ST. Differences in Injury Profiles Between Female and Male Athletes Across the Participant Classification Framework: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2024; 54:1595-1665. [PMID: 38536647 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female sex is a significant determinant of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. It is not understood if sex is a key determinant of other sports-related injuries. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to identify where differences in injury profiles are most apparent between the sexes in all sports across the six-tiered participant classification framework. METHODS This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the 'implementing PRISMA in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science'(PERSiST) guidance. The databases PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EBSCO were searched from database inception to 24 April 2023. Longitudinal, prospective and retrospective cohort studies and cross-sectional and descriptive epidemiology studies that used standard injury data collection were included. Studies were excluded if injuries were not medically diagnosed and if injuries were not reported and/or analysed by sex. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality using the Downs and Black checklist. RESULTS Overall, 180 studies were included (8 tier-5, 40 tier-4, 98 tier-3, 30 tier-2, 5 tier-1 studies; one study included data in two tiers). Of those, 174 studies were of moderate quality and six studies were of limited quality. In sex-comparable sports, there was moderate evidence that female athletes had greater risk of knee injury (relative risk (RR) 2.7; 95% CI 1.4-5.5), foot/ankle injuries (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.17-1.34), bone stress injury (RR 3.4; 95% CI 2.1-5.4) and concussion (RR 8.46; 95% CI 1.04-68.77) than male athletes. Male athletes were at increased risk of hip/groin injuries (RR 2.26; 95% CI 1.31-3.88) and hamstring injuries (RR 2.4; 95% CI 1.8-3.2) compared with females, particularly in dynamic sports. Male athletes were 1.8 (1.37-2.7) to 2.8 (2.45-3.24) times more likely to sustain acute fractures than female athletes, with the highest risk in competition. DISCUSSION Most studies in all cohorts were of moderate quality (mean/range of scores tier-5: 17 ± 2.2 [14-20], tier-4: 16.9 ± 1.9 [11-21], tier-3: 16.9 ± 1.5 [11-20], tier-2: 16.3 ± 2.2 [11-20], tier-1 studies: 15.6 ± 1.3 [14-17] out of 28 on the Downs and Black checklist), with only six studies of limited quality. Female athletes' propensity for bone stress injuries highlights opportunities to reinforce development of optimal bone health during adolescence and to outline the effects of energy availability. Earlier strength development and exposure to neuromuscular training programmes and modification of skill development in female athletes may be effective strategies for reducing lower limb injury risk. Key components of neuromuscular training programmes could be beneficial for reducing hip/groin and hamstring injury risk in male athletes. There may be a need for sex-specific prevention and return-to-sport protocols for sports-related concussion in female athletes. CONCLUSIONS Female sex was a key determinant of sports-related injuries beyond ACL injury including foot/ankle injury, bone stress injury and sports-related concussion. Male sex was a key determinant of hip/groin, hamstring injury and upper limb injury. TRIAL REGISTRY PROSPERO registration number: CRD42017058806 (last updated on 7th June 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Hardaker
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Accident Compensation Corporation, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Patria A Hume
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Tech & Policy Lab, Law School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stacy T Sims
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Stanford Lifestyle Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Bedo BLS, Catelli DS, Moraes R, Pereira DR, Lamontagne M, Santiago PRP. Effect of fatigue on knee biomechanics during the sidestep cutting manoeuvre: A modelling approach. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:1120-1129. [PMID: 39093052 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2386206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Loading both lateral and medial compartments is crucial to understanding the effect of muscle fatigue during sidestep cutting. The present study investigated the changes in tibiofemoral contact forces in the medial and lateral compartments and the muscle force contributions during the sidestep-cutting manoeuvre after a handball-specific fatigue protocol. Twenty female handball athletes performed three trials of the sidestep-cutting manoeuvre before (baseline) and after the fatigue protocol. Motion capture and ground reaction forces were measured, and the data were processed in OpenSim. The variables were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM), with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a decreased knee flexion angle during fatigue in the early stance phase. In addition, the post-fatigue analysis demonstrated significantly reduced forces in vasti muscles. Similarly, during fatigue, the SPM analysis showed decreased tibiofemoral contact forces in the vertical and anterior directions. Vertical force applied to both medial and lateral condyles demonstrated a significant reduction after the fatigue protocol. These results indicated that forces applied to the tibiofemoral joint were reduced following the fatigue protocol compared to the baseline values. However, no consistent evidence exists that fatigue increases the risk of knee injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L S Bedo
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Sports Performance and Technology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Renato Moraes
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dayanne R Pereira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Sports Performance and Technology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo R P Santiago
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Lima EBDS, Belangero PS, Lara PHS, Ribeiro LM, de Figueiredo EA, Andreoli CV, Pochini ADC, Ejnisman B, Pagura JR, Cohen M, Arliani GG. Shoulder injuries in Brazilian professional football players: epidemiological analysis of 3828 games. J ISAKOS 2024; 9:290-295. [PMID: 38296185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Football is a globally played sport that poses potential risks for musculoskeletal injuries. Upper-limb injuries have a lower incidence rate than lower-limb injuries but can still cause absenteeism and performance impairment in football players. This descriptive epidemiological study aimed to evaluate and compare the epidemiological data on shoulder injuries among professional football players in two major Brazilian football championships. METHODS Data were collected throughout the championships, and club physicians medically evaluated each player during official games using two online forms. The collected information included the player's age and position, injury diagnosis, laterality, location on the field where the injury occurred, playing time, imaging examinations performed, need for surgical treatment, time to return to play (TRP), and recurrence of the injury. The incidence of injuries was evaluated using the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) incidence formula. RESULTS A total of 107 shoulder injuries were recorded (4.3% of all injuries), with a FIFA incidence of 0.847. Glenohumeral dislocations (GHDs) and acromioclavicular dislocations (ACDs) accounted for 37.38% and 35.51% of all shoulder injuries, respectively. Goalkeepers and defenders presented, respectively, a 2.15 and 1.57 times increased risk of suffering shoulder injuries, while attackers presented a 0.63 times decreased risk. Injury recurrence was observed in 14.95% of cases, with GHDs and ACDs showing recurrence rates of 35.00% and 5.26%, respectively. Surgery was performed in 9.35% of cases, with GHDs representing 50% of all surgeries. The average TRP was 22.37 days, with severe and major injuries accounting for 11.21% and 10.28% of all injuries, respectively. Goalkeepers had the highest average TRP of 36.15 days. Recurring injuries had a higher average TRP of 33.44 days compared to nonrecurring injuries, which had an average TRP of 20.43 days. Surgically treated injuries had the highest average TRP of 112.5 days. CONCLUSION Shoulder injuries in the professional football scenario are of great concern due to the high recurrence rate and need for surgical treatment, which will lead to a long TRP. These findings emphasize the need to implement prevention protocols and effective treatments to reduce the consequences of such injuries, which are usually underestimated in this sport. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewerton Borges de Souza Lima
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Paulo Santoro Belangero
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Schmidt Lara
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Leandro Masini Ribeiro
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antônio de Figueiredo
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Carlos Vicente Andreoli
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Alberto de Castro Pochini
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Benno Ejnisman
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Roberto Pagura
- Brazilian Football Confederation, Avenida Luis Carlos Prestes, 130 - Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22775-055, Brazil
| | - Moisés Cohen
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Gonçalves Arliani
- Sports Traumatology Center, Discipline of Sports Medicine and Physical Activity, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Estado de Israel, 713 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002, Brazil
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Holtz KA, Zaremski JL, Janosky J, Friesen KB, Oliver GD. A Model for Causality of Pitching-related Overuse Injuries in Women's Fastpitch Softball. Int J Sports Med 2024. [PMID: 38802073 DOI: 10.1055/a-2312-5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Fastpitch softball is a popular women's sport, and athletes, particularly pitchers, are at high risk for overuse injury. Softball-related injury rates are low; however, the prevalence of overuse injuries is high. Injuries at the high school and collegiate levels occur early in the season, and approximately 50% of shoulder and elbow injuries in softball are attributable to overuse. Survey research showed 77% of high school pitchers pitch with pain, and 73% of collegiate pitchers reported an overuse injury in the previous season. Modifiable and non-modifiable intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors contribute to injury risk in a model that can be used in history taking, clinical examination, and management of softball-related injuries. In this manuscript, we present a scoping review of fastpitch softball injury research by competitive levels from 1990 to present. We also introduce a model for overuse injury causality in this athlete population. With this information, clinicians will be able to identify risk factors related to injury in softball pitchers. More research is needed to make evidence-based recommendations for injury prevention in this athlete population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaila A Holtz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jason L Zaremski
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Joseph Janosky
- Sports Medicine Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States
| | - Kenzie B Friesen
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Minelli M, Longo UG, Ranieri R, Pascucci F, Giunti F, Conti M, Catellani F, Castagna A. The Epidemiology of Shoulder Injuries in Water Polo Players: A Monocentric Descriptive Study on Clinical and Radiological Presentation. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1951. [PMID: 38610716 PMCID: PMC11012509 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Water polo players' shoulders are exposed to repeated overhead and throwing motions as well as direct and indirect traumas. Shoulder injuries account for over half of all injuries sustained by water polo players. This is a monocentric descriptive epidemiological study on the clinical and radiological presentation of a consecutive series of water polo players from January 2002 to September 2022. All patients underwent clinical and physical examinations and an MRI arthrogram. A total of 92 water polo players were included in this study. Fifty-three patients (57.6%) reported at least one previous shoulder instability episode; 100% of patients in this group were diagnosed with a capsulolabral complex lesion, and 88.7% of these players complained of subjective symptoms of shoulder instability (RR: 4.4). A total of 39 out of 92 patients (42.4%) did not report previous shoulder dislocation episodes; the mean age at presentation in this group was significantly higher than the mean age of the patients who experienced previous instability episodes (p < 0.01), and the throwing arm was affected in 79.5% of patients (RR = 1.41).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Minelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (R.R.); (F.P.); (F.G.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Umile Giuseppe Longo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ranieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (R.R.); (F.P.); (F.G.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
- Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Federico Pascucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (R.R.); (F.P.); (F.G.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Filippo Giunti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (R.R.); (F.P.); (F.G.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Marco Conti
- Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesco Catellani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (R.R.); (F.P.); (F.G.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
- Humanitas Gavazzeni, 24125 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Castagna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (R.R.); (F.P.); (F.G.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
- Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
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9
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de Azevedo Sodré Silva A, Sassi LB, Martins TB, de Menezes FS, Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Okubo R. Epidemiology of injuries in young volleyball athletes: a systematic review. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:748. [PMID: 37789463 PMCID: PMC10548731 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volleyball is among the five most popular sports in the world. Regardless of level and age, volleyball athletes perform fast high-impact movements such as jumps, landings, and changes in direction, demanding motor and sensory skills to avoid injuries. The available scientific literature provides information regarding the incidence of injuries in volleyball, but the evidence of injuries in young volleyball athletes (12-18 years old) is not well defined. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to investigate the incidence and prevalence of injuries in young volleyball players. METHODS This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA recommendations and prospectively registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022344623). An electronic search was conducted in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and SportDiscuss via EBSCO in August 2022 and March 2023. Inclusion criteria followed the PICOS acronym: (P) youth volleyball players; (I) volleyball; (C) none; (O) incidence and/or prevalence of injury; and (S) cohort studies. The risk of bias was analysed using the adapted STROBE instrument. RESULTS Five studies were included in the qualitative analysis. They had a mean methodological quality of 6 (range 4-8) on the modified STROBE scale. Injury incidence was presented in varying ways, ranging from 1.51 injuries/1000 player hours to 12.4 injuries/10,000 athlete exposures (AEs). The prevalence was 1.6 ± 1.7 per 100 AEs. A total sample of 3698 youth volleyball athletes predominantly females was found. The body sites with the highest rate of injuries were the ankle, the distal portion of the upper limbs (wrist/hand/fingers) and the knee, respectively. CONCLUSION There was remarkable variability in the rate of injuries and the form of presentation between the studies. In addition, junior volleyball athletes had lower injury rates compared to other sports practised in high school, and older athletes had higher injury rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Beatriz Sassi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tamiris Beppler Martins
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fábio Sprada de Menezes
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Medical Centre, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Academic Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Teaching Hospital of the Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical University, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of SalernoUniversity Hospital Sant' Andrea, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4DG, UK
| | - Rodrigo Okubo
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Physical Therapy Graduate Program, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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10
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de Pablo B, Sugimoto D, Arboix-Alio J, Rodas G, Casals M. Analysis of injuries during the 2019 Rink Hockey World Championship. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2023; 51:442-448. [PMID: 36166621 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2129502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence and characteristics of injuries at the 2019 Rink Hockey World Championship. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among rink hockey athletes from three National Teams (Argentina, Portugal, and Spain). All injuries were reported by the medical staff of each National Team during the preparation period and the competition in the 2019 World Championship (Barcelona, Spain). Injury rate was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 hours of player-hours of exposure. RESULTS A total of 91 players (n = 61, 67% male; and n = 30, 33% female) participated in the study: 31 Senior Male (34%), 30 Senior Female (33%), and 30 Under-19 Male (33%). A total of 54 games were played by 9 teams from 3 countries, comprising of 4562 and 4380 hours of total athletic game and training exposure recorded, respectively. Fifty-one injuries (20 injuries with time-loss and 31 medical attention -injuries with no time-loss) were reported. The overall injury incidence rate was 11.2/1000 hours (95% CI, 8.5-14.7). The injury incidence during games (27.5; 95% CI, 11.6-65.2) was higher than the injury incidence during training sessions (3.4; 95% CI, 2-5.7). The incidence rate for game for the entire study period was 8.19 times higher (95% CI, 2.61-21.36) than that for training. The global injury burden was 45.4 days/1000 hours for a total exposure time. Acute was the most frequently documented onset and the non-contact was the most common mechanism. The most frequently reported injuries were head contusion (n = 5, 25%), followed by thigh injuries (n = 3, 15%). CONCLUSIONS The injury incidence reported in a Rink Hockey international competition was 11.2/1000 hours. The risk of injury was higher during games than during training. Prevention strategies for injuries in these kinds of championships may be worth discussing. The craniofacial injuries were the most frequently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat de Pablo
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Department, Futbol Club Barcelona, Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dai Sugimoto
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Sports Medicine Unit, The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Jordi Arboix-Alio
- Department of Sports Science, Ramon Llull University, Fpcee Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gil Rodas
- Medical Department, Futbol Club Barcelona, Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain
- Sports Medicine Unit, Hospital Clinic & Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Casals
- Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, Catalunya, Spain
- Sport Performance Analysis Research Group (SPARG), University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
- National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Saltzman EB, Levin JM, Dagher AMB, Messer M, Kimball R, Lohnes J, Mandelbaum BR, Williams RJ, Amendola A, Chiampas G, Lau BC. Injury prevention strategies at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup display a multifactorial approach and highlight subjective wellness measurements. J ISAKOS 2023; 8:325-331. [PMID: 37146689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the injury prevention programs utilised by top-level female footballers competing internationally. METHODS An online survey was administered to physicians of the 24 competing national teams at the 2019 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Women's World Cup. The survey included 4 sections regarding perceptions and practices concerning non-contact injuries: (1) risk factors, (2) screening tests and monitoring tools, (3) preventative strategies, and (4) reflection on their World Cup experience. RESULTS Following responses from 54% of teams, the most common injuries encountered included muscle strains, ankle sprains, and anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. The study also revealed the most important injury risk factors during the FIFA 2019 World Cup. Intrinsic risk factors include accumulated fatigue, previous injury, and strength endurance. Extrinsic risk factors include reduced recovery time between matches, congested match schedule, and the number of club team matches played. The 5 most used tests for risk factors were flexibility, joint mobility, fitness, balance, and strength. Monitoring tools commonly used were subjective wellness, heart rate, minutes/matches played, and daily medical screening. Specific strategies to limit the risk of an anterior cruciate ligament injury included the FIFA 11+ program and proprioception training. CONCLUSION The present study revealed multifactorial approaches to injury prevention strategies for women's national football teams at the FIFA 2019 World Cup. Challenges to injury prevention program implementation reflect time limitations, schedule uncertainties, and varying club team recommendations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana B Saltzman
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Jay M Levin
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Anna-Maria B Dagher
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Michael Messer
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Ryan Kimball
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - John Lohnes
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Bert R Mandelbaum
- Santa Monica Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Research Foundation, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | - Riley J Williams
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Annuziato Amendola
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - George Chiampas
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Brian C Lau
- Duke Sport Science Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
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12
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Husen M, Burgsmüller L, Burggraf M, Jaeger M, Dudda M, Kauther M. Injuries and Overuse Syndromes in Rink Hockey Players. SPORTVERLETZUNG SPORTSCHADEN : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT FUR ORTHOPADISCH-TRAUMATOLOGISCHE SPORTMEDIZIN 2023; 37:141-147. [PMID: 37524094 DOI: 10.1055/a-2036-8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Rink Hockey is a high-speed low-contact sport with a widely recognized injury potential. Played with a hard ball by players wearing little or no protective gear, the rates of concussions and head injuries are of high interest. In this study, we reviewed and investigated injuries sustained by 108 German National League rink hockey players. We conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study to determine sport-specific injuries and injury patterns in female and male rink hockey players. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire. A total of 108 players participated in the study. The combined rate of injuries were 9.4/1000 athlete exposures. There was no significant difference between injury rates during games and practice. A sexspecific difference was not detected. Head injuries were the most frequent type (20.8 % of all injuries). Concussions made up 7 % of all head injuries with a rate of 0.76/1000 athlete exposure. Ball contact was the cause for 31 % of injuries, while player contact generated 26.2 % of all injuries. High rates of ball-contact-related injuries resulted in time loss and medical consultations. Head injuries were frequent, however did not result in significant time loss as compared to other injuries. The use of protective gear should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Husen
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Burgsmüller
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Burggraf
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jaeger
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Max Kauther
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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13
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Malam Moussa Ahmet H, Bika Lele EC, Guessogo WR, Bian WM, Guyot J, Ahmadou, Assomo-Ndemba PB, Ayina CN, Kojom Foko LP, Dupré C, Barth N, Bongue B, Ba A, Samb A, Mandengue SH, Mekoulou Ndongo J. Musculoskeletal pains among amateur and professional athletes of five disciplines in Senegal: a preliminary study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:210. [PMID: 36949497 PMCID: PMC10031927 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal pains (MSPs) in sport are cause of poor performances and loss of competition in athletes. The present study aimed at determining the prevalence of MSPs with regard to sport disciplines and athletic status. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 Senegalese professional and amateur athletes practicing football, basketball, rugby, tennis, athletics, and wrestling. Rates of MSPs in the past year (MSPs-12) and week (MSPs-7d) were assessed using standard questionnaires. RESULTS Overall proportions of MSPs-12 and MSPs-7d were 70 and 74.2%, respectively. MSPs-12 were more frequently reported on shoulders (40.6%), neck (37.1%) and hips/thigh (34.4%), while MSPs-7d were predominant on hips/thigh (29.5%), shoulders (25.7%), and upper back (17.2%). Proportions of MSPs-12 and MSPs-7d varied significantly by sport disciplines, with highest values among basketball players. Again, highest MSPs-12 proportions on shoulders (29.7%, P = 0.02), wrists/hands (34.6%, P = 0.001), (40.2%, P = 0.0002), and knees (38.8%, P = 0.002) were seen among basketball players. High proportions of MSPs-7d were seen on shoulders (29.6%, P = 0.04) for tennis players, wrists/hands (29.4%, P = 0.03) for basketball and football players, and hips/thigh (38.8%, P < 0.00001) for basketball players. Football players had reduced risk of MSPs-12 by 75% on lower back (OR = 0.25; 95% CI. 0.10-0.63; P = 0.003) and by 72% on knees (OR = 0.28; 95% CI. 0.08-0. 95; P = 0.04). In contrast, tennis players were more at risk of MSPs-12 on shoulders (OR = 3.14; 95% CI. 1.14-8.68; P = 0.02), wrists/hands (OR = 5.18; 95% CI.1.40-11.13; P = 0.01), and hips/thigh (OR = 2.90; 95% CI. 1.1-8.38; P = 0.04). Professionals were protected from MSPs-12 on neck pain with a significant reduction of risk by 61% (OR = 0.39, 95% CI. 0.21-0.75, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION MSPs are a reality among athletes and their risk is modulated by sport disciplines, athletic status and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elysée Claude Bika Lele
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Wiliam Mbang Bian
- National Institute for Youth and Sports Yaounde, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jessica Guyot
- Mines Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, 42023, France
| | - Ahmadou
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Peguy Brice Assomo-Ndemba
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Clarisse Noel Ayina
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Loick Pradel Kojom Foko
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Caroline Dupré
- Mines Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, 42023, France
| | - Nathalie Barth
- Mines Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, 42023, France
| | - Bienvenu Bongue
- Mines Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, 42023, France
| | - Abdoulaye Ba
- Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abdoulaye Samb
- Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samuel Honoré Mandengue
- Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Jerson Mekoulou Ndongo
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
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14
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Tannheimer M. Editorial on the Research Topic of Sports Training and the Promotion of Physical Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2663. [PMID: 36768029 PMCID: PMC9915946 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sport activities are a deciding factor in maintaining or achieving physical health [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Tannheimer
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany;
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Krankenhaus Blaubeuren, Ulmer Straße 26, 89143 Blaubeuren, Germany
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15
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Katagiri H, Forster BB, Engebretsen L, An JS, Adachi T, Saida Y, Onishi K, Koga H. Epidemiology of MRI-detected muscle injury in athletes participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Br J Sports Med 2022; 57:bjsports-2022-105827. [PMID: 36588405 PMCID: PMC9933160 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Muscle injury is one of the most common injuries occurring at the Olympic Games often with devastating consequences. Epidemiological injury surveillance is recognised by the IOC as essential for injury prevention and management. We aimed to describe the incidence, anatomical location and classification of MRI-detected muscle injuries in athletes who participated in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. METHODS Two board-certified orthopaedic surgeons, highly experienced in reviewing MRIs, independently and retrospectively reviewed all MRIs collected at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games from clinical reports generated by board-certified musculoskeletal radiologists at the IOC Polyclinic. The presence and anatomical site of muscle injuries were classified as: type a: myofascial/peripheral; type b: muscle belly or musculotendinous junction; and type c: injury which extends into the tendon, with reference to the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. RESULTS Fifty-nine MRI-detected muscle injuries were seen in 40 male and 19 female athletes. 24 athletes (41%) were unable to fully compete in their event. Fifty-two injuries (88%) involved lower extremity muscles with hamstring muscle injuries most common (32 of 59, 54%). Half of all muscle injuries occurred in athletes participating in athletics (30 of 59, 51%). 21 athletes (35%) sustained type a injuries, 14 athletes (24%) type b injuries and 24 athletes (41%) type c injuries. Of athletes with type c injuries, 18 (75%) did not complete their competition, a rate significantly higher than types a and b (OR 14.50, 95% CI 4.0 to 51.9, p<0.001). CONCLUSION For athletes sustaining muscle injuries during the Olympic Games, our study demonstrates the prognostic relevance of muscle injury anatomical site and severity for predicting completion or non-completion of an Olympic athlete's competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Katagiri
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan
| | - Bruce B Forster
- Department of Radiology, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Orthopedic Clinic, Oslo University Hospital and Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jae-Sung An
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Adachi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Saida
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Onishi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Chimera NJ, Merasty D, Lininger MR. Injuries and Illnesses Across 10 Years of Canada Games Competitions: 2009 - 2019. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:1372-1382. [PMID: 36518838 PMCID: PMC9718729 DOI: 10.26603/001c.39743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Canada Games are a national level competition held every two years alternating between Summer and Winter Games. Participation in elite level athletics, like the Canada Games, have an inherent risk of injury and illness. Purpose To analyze the incidence and characteristics of injuries and illnesses during Canada Games competitions from 2009-2019 (primarily) and to understand sex differences in odds of musculoskeletal injury for Summer and Winter Canada Games athletes (secondarily). Study Design Descriptive Epidemiology Study. Methods Using a retrospective cohort, data were abstracted from medical incident reports generated during Canada Games from 2009 - 2019. Data were coded for body part injured and injury type or illness system; injuries were also categorized as acute or chronic. Results Across all 10 years of competition, 3160 injuries reported in 8710 male athletes and 3272 injuries reported in 8391 female athletes. Injury incidence was 362.8 and 389.9 and illness incidence was 47.8 and 64.5 per 1000 male and female athletes, respectively. Female athletes had a 1.12 (95% CI: 1.06; 1.19) greater odds of injury and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.20; 1.57) greater odds of illness compared to male athletes. Overall, injury (399.31 vs. 360.31; p < 0.001) and illness (68.67 vs. 47.30; p < 0.001) incidences were higher in Winter Games, compared to Summer Games, per 1000 athletes. When comparing male and female athletes participating in similar sports, sex specific differences exist in odds of both injury and illness. Conclusions Male and female athletes competing in Canada Games competitions demonstrate differences in injury and illness incidence and odds of injury. This suggests a need to examine if additional modifiable risk factors may exist, which could contribute to prevention strategies to reduce injury and illness during Canada Games competition. Level of Evidence 3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monica R Lininger
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training Northern Arizona University
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17
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Horan D, Büttner F, Blake C, Hägglund M, Kelly S, Delahunt E. Injury incidence rates in women's football: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective injury surveillance studies. Br J Sports Med 2022; 57:471-480. [PMID: 36229168 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-105177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the literature to establish overall, match and training injury incidence rates (IIRs) in senior (≥18 years of age) women's football (amateur club, elite club and international). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of overall, match and training IIRs in senior women's football, stratified by injury location, type and severity. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE via PubMed; EMBASE via Ovid; CINAHL via EBSCO and Web of Science were searched from earliest record to July 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES (1) football players participating in a senior women's football league (amateur club or elite club) or a senior women's international football tournament; (2) the study had to report IIRs or provide sufficient data from which this outcome metric could be calculated through standardised equations; (3) a full-text article published in a peer-reviewed journal before July 2021; (4) a prospective injury surveillance study and (5) case reports on single teams were ineligible. RESULTS 17 articles met the inclusion criteria; amateur club (n=2), elite club (n=10), international (n=5). Overall, match and training 'time-loss' IIRs are similar between senior women's elite club football and international football. 'Time-loss' training IIRs in senior women's elite club football and international football are approximately 6-7 times lower than their equivalent match IIRs. Overall 'time-loss' IIRs stratified by injury type in women's elite club football were 2.70/1000 hours (95% CI 1.12 to 6.50) for muscle and tendon, 2.62/1000 hours (95% CI 1.26 to 5.46) for joint and ligaments, and 0.76/1000 hours (95% CI 0.55 to 1.03) for contusions. Due to the differences in injury definitions, it was not possible to aggregate IIRs for amateur club football. CONCLUSION Lower limb injuries incurred during matches are a substantial problem in senior women's football. The prevention of lower limb joint, ligament, muscle and tendon injuries should be a central focus of injury prevention interventions in senior women's amateur club, elite club and international football. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020162895.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Horan
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland .,High Performance Department, Football Association of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionn Büttner
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Hägglund
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Football Research Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Seamus Kelly
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Robertson GA, Ang KK, Jamal B. Fractures in soccer: The current evidence, and how this can guide practice. J Orthop 2022; 33:25-30. [PMID: 35801201 PMCID: PMC9253526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the current evidence on traumatic fractures in soccer, and assesses how this can guide practice. The incidence of traumatic soccer-related fractures was found to be 0.64 to 0.71/1000 in the general population. Demographics vary between the general population and professional soccer players, with 68% of traumatic soccer fractures occurring in the upper extremity in the general population, and only 23% of traumatic soccer fractures occurring in the upper extremity in professional players. Within the general population, around 80% of traumatic soccer-related fractures are managed non-operatively, with 20% managed operatively. The optimal treatment method is determined by fracture location and configuration. There is an increasing role for primary operative treatment in unstable, non-displaced fracture types, to facilitate an accelerated return to soccer. Around 86% of soccer players return to sport post-fracture. Return times vary by fracture locations and playing level, with elite players having quicker return times than the general population. Regarding injury prevention, shin guards appear to confer substantial benefit against tibial diaphyseal fractures. However, further research is required to determine the optimal preventative measures against fractures in soccer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg A.J. Robertson
- RCPSG Limb Reconstruction Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kok K. Ang
- Core Surgical Trainee University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, UK
| | - Bilal Jamal
- Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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19
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Adachi T, Katagiri H, An JS, Engebretsen L, Tateishi U, Saida Y, Koga H, Yagishita K, Onishi K, Forster BB. Imaging-detected bone stress injuries at the Tokyo 2020 summer Olympics: epidemiology, injury onset, and competition withdrawal rate. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:763. [PMID: 35948918 PMCID: PMC9364573 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prevention and early detection of injuries are essential in optimising sport participation and performance. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, athlete injury history, and competition withdrawal rate of imaging-detected bone stress injuries during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Methods We collected and analysed imaging and clinical information in athletes with bone stress injuries diagnosed in the Olympic Village polyclinic during the Games. Two physicians independently and retrospectively reviewed all imaging examinations of bone stress injuries. Results A total of 11,315 individual athletes from 206 National Olympic Committees competed at the Games, during which 567 MRIs and 352 X-rays were performed at the Olympic Village polyclinic. Radiology examinations revealed four stress fractures and 38 stress reactions in 29 athletes (median age 24 years, range 18–35 years). Of these, 72% of athletes (n = 21) had symptoms before entering the Olympic Village. Bone stress injuries were most common in women (55%), the lower extremities (66%), and track and field athletes (45%). Six athletes (21%) did not start or did not finish their competitions. Conclusions This study revealed 42 imaging-detected bone stress injuries in the polyclinic of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Village. The high proportion of athletes with symptoms before entering the village and the high proportion of competition withdrawals suggests the usefulness of an early MRI examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Adachi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45Bunkyo-Ku, YushimaTokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Katagiri
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jae-Sung An
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Orthopedic Clinic, Oslo University Hospital and Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ukihide Tateishi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45Bunkyo-Ku, YushimaTokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Saida
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45Bunkyo-Ku, YushimaTokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yagishita
- Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Onishi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruce B Forster
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and characteristics of match and training injuries in elite-level national male beach soccer players. METHOD The incidence, mechanism, location, type, severity, and burden of injuries of the Turkish national beach soccer team were recorded between 2017 and 2019. RESULTS A total of 136 injuries occurred during the study period. Total injury incidence was 238.9 injuries/1,000 match hours (MHs) and 37.7 injuries/1,000 training hours (THs) (p < 0.001). Twenty-seven injuries led to time-loss, and the incidences for match and training injuries were 36.7 and 7.9 per 1,000 hours, respectively. Of medical attention injuries (MAI) caused by trauma, 54.6% (n = 53) were due to another player and, 60.9% (n = 14) of time-loss injuries (TLI) caused by trauma were due to non-contact trauma (p < 0.001). While 82% (n = 91) of training injuries occurred in lower extremities, 29% (n = 9) of match injuries occurred in the head/neck region (p < 0.001). Head injury incidence was 45.9 per 1,000 match hours. Of MAI, 50% (n = 57) were contusion, and 32.1% (n = 9) of TLI were strain (p < 0.001). Also, the most common injury subtype was foot/toe contusion during match and training (19.4%; n = 6, 27.9%; n = 31, respectively). The majority of injuries 91.9% (n = 125) had slight severity. CONCLUSION Head trauma, tendon injury, and foot/toe contusion are important for clinical practice in beach soccer. Protective measures (rule regulation, use of protective equipment, etc.) should be considered to prevent these injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Lima
- Sports Medicine Clinic, Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Bulent Bayraktar
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Sports Medicine Department, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Turkish Football Federation, Istanbul, Turkey.,Acıbadem Sports/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Consultant, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sá K, Costa e Silva A, Gorla J, Silva A, Magno e Silva M. Injuries in Wheelchair Basketball Players: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5869. [PMID: 35627406 PMCID: PMC9141608 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sports injuries have physical and psychological effects that negatively affect sports performance. Although there are data available on sports injuries in wheelchair basketball, some aspects need to be clarified, such as the location, mechanisms and risk factors for injury, which are not well described due to variations and/or a lack of definition of injury. The aim of this study was to determine epidemiological information, primary injury characteristics and affected body regions in wheelchair basketball players; Methods: The PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were used; Results: eight articles were included in this review. The shoulder was the body region most affected (N = 60; 22.1%). When divided by body segments, the upper limbs were the most affected (N = 128; 47.2%), followed by the head and/or face (N = 53; 19.5%), trunk (included spine and ribs) (N = 48; 17.8%) and lower limbs (N = 42; 15.5%); Conclusions: wheelchair basketball players suffer a large number of injuries with different characteristics that are mainly linked to biomechanics and sport. These results can be used to guide coaches in structuring training to minimize recurring injuries, in addition to assisting in the organization of medical teams in competitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Sá
- Faculty of Physical Education, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, Brazil;
| | - Anselmo Costa e Silva
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil;
| | - José Gorla
- Faculty of Physical Education, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, Brazil;
| | - Andressa Silva
- School Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Marília Magno e Silva
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil;
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23
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MRI features of ERSA (exercise-related signal abnormality) lesions in professional soccer players. Skeletal Radiol 2022; 51:557-564. [PMID: 34228195 PMCID: PMC8763814 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-021-03857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe the prevalence, anatomy and morphology of ERSA (exercise-related signal abnormality) lesions, a previously undescribed pattern of muscle signal changes on MRI in professional soccer players with suspected acute thigh muscle injury. METHODS A multicenter retrospective review was performed of 287 MRIs of professional soccer players referred for suspected acute thigh injury from August 2017 to February 2020. MR images were reviewed for muscle signal abnormalities corresponding to a peritendinous ovoid region or a subfascial ring of faint increased signal on fluid-sensitive MR images. Imaging features including anatomical site, morphology, and craniocaudal length were recorded. Concomitant acute muscle injury was graded in accordance with the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC). RESULTS ERSA lesions comprising a peritendinous ovoid region, a subfascial ring, or both, were identified in 40 muscles across 31/287 studies (10.8%). These lesions had a mean length of 15.8 cm and were predominantly located in the proximal or mid-portions of muscles. Affected muscles were rectus femoris (n = 22), adductor longus (n = 11), semitendinosus (n = 6) and biceps femoris (n = 1). 21/31 studies (67.7%) had a BAMIC grade 1-4 injury in a separate muscle, which were largely (81%) in a separate anatomic compartment or contralateral. CONCLUSION ERSA lesions were evident on MRI in 10.8% of our cohort of professional soccer players referred for suspected acute thigh muscle injury. Characteristic morphology and the longitudinal length (mean 15.8 cm) distinguish ERSA lesions from recognized patterns of acute muscle injury.
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Zech A, Hollander K, Junge A, Steib S, Groll A, Heiner J, Nowak F, Pfeiffer D, Rahlf AL. Sex differences in injury rates in team-sport athletes: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:104-114. [PMID: 34052518 PMCID: PMC8847930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Team-sport players have a particularly high injury risk. Although female sex is considered a risk factor, it is still unknown whether female and male team-sport players, in fact, differ in their injury rates. We aimed to compare injury rates between female and male players by systematically reviewing and meta-analyzing injury surveillance studies of both sexes in order to evaluate sex-specific differences in team-sport injuries. METHODS Studies that prospectively collected injury data for high-level female and male players (age ≥16 years) in basketball, field hockey, football (soccer), handball, rugby (union and sevens), and volleyball were included. Two reviewers (AZ and ALR) independently assessed study quality and extracted data for overall, match, training, and severe injuries (>28 days' time loss) as well as data regarding injury locations and types. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were pooled in a meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis was performed when 10 or more studies were available. RESULTS Of 20 studies, 9 studies reported injury data from football, 3 studies from rugby, 3 studies from handball, 1 study from basketball, 1 study from field hockey, 2 studies from volleyball, and 1 study from basketball and field hockey. For overall injuries, the pooled IRR = 0.86 (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.76-0.98) indicated significantly more injuries in male than in female players. For injury location, the pooled IRR showed higher injury rates in male athletes than in female athletes for upper extremity, hip/groin, thigh, and foot injuries. Female players had a significantly higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament injuries (IRR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.27-3.62) than male players. No significant sex-specific differences in IRR were found for match, training, severe injuries, concussions, or ankle sprains. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis provides evidence for sex-specific differences in the injury rates in team sports. Further epidemiological studies including both sexes in sports other than football are needed in order to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Zech
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07749, Germany.
| | | | - Astrid Junge
- MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg 20457, Germany; Swiss Concussion Center, Schulthess Klinik, Zürich 8008, Switzerland
| | - Simon Steib
- Department of Human Movement, Training and Active Aging, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Andreas Groll
- Department of Statistics, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Jonas Heiner
- Department of Statistics, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Florian Nowak
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07749, Germany
| | - Daniel Pfeiffer
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07749, Germany
| | - Anna Lina Rahlf
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
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Epidemiological analysis of injury occurrence and current prevention strategies on international amateur football level during the UEFA Regions Cup 2019. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:271-280. [PMID: 33740068 PMCID: PMC8783909 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-03861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Football is the most popular sport worldwide and results in a high frequency of injuries. So far, mainly injuries in professional football have been investigated, and the literature lacks data regarding detailed injury epidemiology and current prevention data in amateur football tournaments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective cohort study investigated an international amateur football tournament, the UEFA Regions' Cup, which took place in 2019 in Germany. Injury epidemiology, current prevention strategies of the teams and the implementation of the UEFA concussion protocol were investigated in detail by means of standardized injury definitions and data samples for football (Fuller et al., Scand J Med Sci Sports 16:83-92, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00528.x , 2006). RESULTS 138 player of 8 teams participated in this study, while 39 players were excluded. Overall injury incidence was 12.5 per 1000 h total football exposure, 43.5 per 1000 h for match exposure. No injuries were registered during training. Injury prevalence was 14.1% per player and 1.1 injuries per match were registered. The lower extremity was predominantly affected by injuries (71.4%) and the majority of injuries (78.6%) were non-severe injury types like contusions (50%) and sprains (18.2%). Two head injuries, one contusion and one skin lesion, were handled by the guidelines of the UEFA concussion protocol. 44.4% of the players indicated at least one previous injury before tournament, 45.3% of them during the last two football seasons before start of the tournament. Injury prevention performance was included in all participating teams during the tournament by warm up or training strategies (100%). During the warm-up program just 5 exercises of the FIFA 11 + program was detected by this investigation in participating teams to be done by more half of the teams. Running exercises were the most frequently performed exercises, while trunk muscle exercises were less represented (14.3%). CONCLUSION This study presents for the first time epidemiological injury and prevention data of the UEFA Regions Cup. Injury incidence was higher compared to injury reports of regular seasons, but lower compared to other amateur football tournaments. Currently used prevention programs revealed trunk muscle exercises as often neglected.
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Stanbouly D, Richardson J, Richardson N, Reynolds RM, Recker MJ, Bass K, Chuang SK. Which Sport Is More Dangerous: Ice Hockey or Field Hockey? A Review of the Head and Neck Injuries Associated With the Two Sports. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 80:859-868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gimigliano F, Resmini G, Moretti A, Aulicino M, Gargiulo F, Gimigliano A, Liguori S, Paoletta M, Iolascon G. Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Adult Athletes: A Scoping Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57101118. [PMID: 34684155 PMCID: PMC8539527 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sport-related musculoskeletal injuries (MSK-Is) are a common health issue in athletes that can lead to reduced performance. The aim of this scoping review was to synthetize available evidence on injury incidence rates (IIRs), types, and sites that affect the musculoskeletal (MSK) system of adult athletes. Materials and Methods: We performed a scoping review on the Pubmed database limiting our search to 33 Olympic sports. Results: We identified a total of 1022 papers, and of these 162 were examined in full for the purpose of this review. Archery was the sport with the highest risk of injuries to the upper extremities, marathons for the lower extremities, and triathlon and weightlifting for the body bust. In the majority of the sports examined, muscle/tendon strain and ligament sprain were the most common MSK-Is diagnoses, while athletics, karate, and football were the sports with the highest IIRs, depending on the methods used for their calculations. Conclusions: Our scoping review highlighted the general lack and dishomogeneity in the collection of data on MSK-Is in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gimigliano
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Resmini
- Centre for the Study of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease, Section of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Treviglio-Caravaggio Hospital, 24047 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (M.P.); (G.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-566-5537
| | - Milena Aulicino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (M.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Fiorinda Gargiulo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (M.P.); (G.I.)
| | | | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (M.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (M.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (M.P.); (G.I.)
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Theilen TM, Mueller-Eising W, Bettink PW, Rolle U. Video Analysis of Acute Injuries in Elite Field Hockey. Clin J Sport Med 2021; 31:448-452. [PMID: 32032161 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With this study, we aim to determine the value of video assessment of acute injuries in field hockey. DESIGN Retrospective video analysis for acute injuries. SETTING Professional field hockey. PARTICIPANTS Seven women and men's field hockey tournaments (World League, Champions Trophy) in 2015. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. OUTCOME MEASURES An injury was defined as any new musculoskeletal complaint leading to time stoppage and medical attention. The outcome measures were time at play, location on the pitch, type of injury, injured body part, and injury mechanism. RESULTS A total of 190 injuries occurred in 179 matches (55/73 female and 135/106 male matches). There were 0.75 injuries per match for women [confidence interval (CI, 0.31-1.13)] and 1.27 injuries per match for men (CI, 0.88-1.61). The number of injuries per 1000 player match hours was 34.20 for women (CI, 14.04-51.29) and 57.89 for men (CI, 29.78-73.12). The highest injury frequency occurred within the third quarter and within the circle. Contusion was the most common injury type (90.9% in women and 96.3% in men). The leading causes of injuries were hits by the ball or stick and collisions with another player. The head/face was the most affected body part in both sex groups (32.7% in women and 29.6% in men). CONCLUSIONS Video analysis revealed data on injury incidence within the same range of previous reports in elite field hockey. Its advantages, such as slow motion and repetitive play of injury scenes, could contribute valuable information if incorporated into the injury recording process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany ; and
| | - Wiebke Mueller-Eising
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter W Bettink
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany ; and
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Rees H, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. The incidence of injury in male field hockey players: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 52:45-53. [PMID: 34411811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have investigated injury incidence in field hockey. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the incidence and characteristics of injury in male field hockey athletes. DESIGN Prognosis systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH MEDLINE via PubMed; EMBASE via Ovid; CINAHL via EBSCO; SPORTDiscus; and Web of Science were searched. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA Prospective studies and retrospective studies employing video analysis, written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals, expressing the incidence of injury in male field hockey athletes were included. Studies must have been of a duration of a minimum one season or one tournament. Studies were screened by two authors, assessing the eligibility of each record. Following selection of the studies, data were extracted by the two authors. DATA SYNTHESIS Levels of heterogeneity were assessed in aggregate data using the I2 statistic. RESULTS In total, 1722 records were identified. Twelve studies were included in the review. Injury incidence ranged from 4.5 to 57.9/1000h (I2 = 98.5%). Nine studies were undertaken in tournament settings, with the remaining three conducted in club-based athletes in season-long settings. When a medical attention definition was used, there was a pooled incidence rate of 48.1/1000h, all in tournament studies. Contusions and muscle strains were the most frequently reported injury types, while the lower limb was the most common site of injury. Contact injuries were most common in tournament-based studies, while non-contact was more common in season-long studies. CONCLUSION Prospective, season-long epidemiological studies investigating injury incidence in field hockey are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw Rees
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ulrik McCarthy Persson
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Boreham
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
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van der Kolk HK, Scafoglieri A. Throwing performance after high-velocity low-amplitude thrust manipulation at the cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar junction in elite female water polo players: a randomized blind cross-over study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:885-891. [PMID: 34296837 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of high-velocity low-amplitude (HVLA) thrust manipulation at the cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar junction in healthy elite female water polo players on throwing performance is unknown. METHODS Ten healthy members of the Dutch National female water polo team participated in this randomized blind cross-over study. All received a HVLA manipulation and a sham manipulation at the cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar junction. Hereafter maximum throwing speed, range of motion and isometric strength were measured at 1 hour, 48 hours and 4 weeks follow-up. RESULTS No significant differences in maximum throwing speed was found between HVLA and sham manipulation. In the non-dominant shoulder external rotation increased significantly (5.3±6.7°) 48 hours after sham manipulation, this effect was not considered clinically significant and diminished after four weeks. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HVLA and sham manipulation had no effect on shot velocity or shoulder mobility and the same effect on shoulder strength in healthy elite female water polo players. The common use of cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar HVLA manipulation for improving performance in this specific group of athletes is therefore questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik K van der Kolk
- Department of Supporting Clinical Sciences (LABO), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium -
| | - Aldo Scafoglieri
- Department of Supporting Clinical Sciences (LABO), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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Al Attar WSA, Faude O, Bizzini M, Alarifi S, Alzahrani H, Almalki RS, Banjar RG, Sanders RH. The FIFA 11+ Shoulder Injury Prevention Program Was Effective in Reducing Upper Extremity Injuries Among Soccer Goalkeepers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:2293-2300. [PMID: 34138672 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211021828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soccer is one of the most popular sports worldwide. Goalkeepers are more likely to injure their upper limbs, particularly their shoulders, than outfield players. To reduce upper extremity injuries, the FIFA 11+ Shoulder Injury Prevention Program (FIFA 11+S) was developed. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the FIFA 11+S program in reducing the incidence of upper extremity injuries among amateur soccer goalkeepers. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS A total of 726 goalkeepers, who were blinded to study intent, were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 360) or control group (n = 366). The experimental group was instructed to perform the FIFA 11+S program before all training sessions for 1 season (6 months). The control group was instructed to continue performing their usual routine warm-up program before training sessions for 1 season. Primary outcomes included the incidence of upper extremity injury and incidence of mechanism, type, and severity of injury measured using injury risk ratios (IRR); compliance with the experimental and control interventions was also recorded. RESULTS A total of 50 injuries (0.62 injuries per 1000 exposure-hours) were reported in the experimental group, and 122 injuries (1.94 injuries/1000 hours) were reported in the control group. The FIFA 11+S program reduced the total number of upper extremity injuries by 68% (IRR = 0.32 [95% CI, 0.27-0.34]) compared with the usual warm-up. The FIFA 11+S program reduced the incidence of contact injury (IRR = 0.30 [95% CI, 0.25-0.31]), noncontact injury (IRR = 0.40 [95% CI, 0.35-0.43]), initial injury (IRR = 0.34 [95% CI, 0.29-0.36]), recurrent injury (IRR = 0.20 [95% CI, 0.17-0.21]), and overuse injury (IRR = 0.40 [95% CI, 0.35-0.43]). Participants in the experimental group demonstrated a significant decrease in injuries of minor (IRR = 0.32 [95% CI, 0.27-0.34]) and moderate severity (IRR = 0.33 [95% CI, 0.29-0.35]) compared with the control group. We noted no difference in compliance between the experimental and control groups (80% vs 73%, respectively; P = .92). CONCLUSION The FIFA 11+S program resulted in 50% fewer upper extremity injuries among soccer goalkeepers, compared with a regular warm-up. REGISTRATION ACTRN12618001080213 (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Saleh A Al Attar
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Faude
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mario Bizzini
- Human Performance Lab, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Physical Therapy, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed S Almalki
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh G Banjar
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ross H Sanders
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Hill L, Mountjoy M, Miller J, Burr J. Sink or swim: innovations in aquatic health. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1104-1114. [PMID: 34137575 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Since the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, the aquatic sports have expanded both in participation and innovation over the last century. Beginning with swimming, diving, water polo, and later additions of artistic swimming, open water swimming and high diving, the aquatics sports represent a core pillar of Olympic disciplines. The rapid expansion of aquatic disciplines necessitated the foundation of the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) in 1908, to govern the development of aquatic sports. The amateur spectacle has been slowly replaced with an increased focus on health and performance by dedicated professional athletes and support teams, resulting in the development of new innovations. In the early years, innovations largely centered on technical equipment such as bathing suit and springboard design. In more recent years, research and innovation have shifted focus to health and its impact on performance, including but not limited to changes in training methods, nutrition, injury and illness reduction through surveillance and access to education for athletes, coaches, and support personnel. An increased awareness on factors that affect athlete health have also driven safety innovations including the development of Nutrition and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Clinical Assessment Tool, the Sport Mental Health Assessment and Recognition Tools and safeguarding from harassment and abuse through embedding athletes' right to safe sport in underpinning statutory documents. While the future of aquatic health innovations remains undefined, there are many potential opportunities for research and knowledge translation as the aquatic sports continue to evolve and adapt over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada -
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Sports Medicine, FINA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James Miller
- Sports Medicine, FINA, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jamie Burr
- Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Croteau F, Brown H, Pearsall D, Robbins SM. Prevalence and mechanisms of injuries in water polo: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001081. [PMID: 34150321 PMCID: PMC8183217 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To summarise the information available in the literature on the prevalence of injuries in water polo and injury risk factors. Methods Protocol was registered on Open Science Framework. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for keywords relating to water polo and injuries on 3 February 2021. References were searched for additional studies. Only original research papers in English or French were included, and studies without an injured group were excluded. A data extraction file was made based on the Cochrane Collaboration recommendations. Study quality was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa scales for cohorts and a modified version for cross-sectional studies. Results The initial search yielded 581 articles, with 5 more added from reference lists, but only 41 remained after removing duplicates and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Thirty-one articles identified the head, fingers and shoulders as the most common sites of injury. Ten articles on mechanism of injury focused mainly on the shoulder, with degenerative changes, posture, scapular alignment, strength, flexibility and overhead shooting kinematics as the main injury risk factors. Publication types included cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and one case series. Conclusions Most traumatic injuries affect the hands and the head from unexpected contact with the ball or opponents. Conversely, training injuries seem to affect mainly the shoulder area. Low level evidence suggests a correlation between shoulder injuries and lack of strength or flexibility as well as large volumes of overhead throwing. Further prospective research is needed to investigate risk factors for other body areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Croteau
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national du sport du Quebec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Harry Brown
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Pearsall
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shawn M Robbins
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation, Lethbridge- Layton-MacKay Rehabilitation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Clarsen B, Steffen K, Berge HM, Bendiksen F, Fossan B, Fredriksen H, Gjelsvik H, Haugvad L, Kjelsberg M, Ronsen O, Torgalsen T, Walløe A, Bahr R. Methods, challenges and benefits of a health monitoring programme for Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic athletes: the road from London 2012 to Tokyo 2020. Br J Sports Med 2021; 55:1342-1349. [PMID: 34039584 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the implementation of a health monitoring programme for Norwegian Paralympic and Olympic candidates over five consecutive Olympic and Paralympic Games cycles (London 2012, Sochi 2014, Rio de Janeiro 2016, PyeongChang 2018 and Tokyo 2020). METHODS Athletes were monitored for 12-18 months preparing for the games using a weekly online questionnaire (OSTRC-H2) with follow-up by physicians and physiotherapists, who provided clinical care and classified reported problems. RESULTS Between 2011 and 2020, 533 Olympic and 95 Paralympic athletes were included in the monitoring programme, with an overall response of 79% to the weekly questionnaire and a total observation period of 30 826 athlete weeks. During this time, 3770 health problems were reported, with a diagnosis rate of 97%. The average prevalence of health problems at any given time was 32% among Olympic athletes and 37% among Paralympic athletes. Acute traumatic injuries represented the greatest burden for Olympic team sport athletes, and illnesses represented the greatest burden for Olympic endurance and Paralympic athletes. On average, Olympic athletes lost 27 days and Paralympic athletes lost 33 days of training per year due to health problems. CONCLUSION Conducting long-term health monitoring of Olympic and Paralympic athletes is challenging, particularly because athletes travel frequently and often relate to many medical providers. This programme has been implemented and improved within Team Norway for five Olympic and Paralympic cycles and during this time we believe it has helped protect our athletes' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Clarsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway .,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kathrin Steffen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Moseby Berge
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Bendiksen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Fossan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Fredriksen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Gjelsvik
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Haugvad
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona Kjelsberg
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola Ronsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Torgalsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Walløe
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway
| | - Roald Bahr
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian Olympic Training Centre (Olympiatoppen), Oslo, Norway.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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Hadzic V, Sattler T, Pori P, Veselko M, Dervišević E, Šarabon N, Marković G. Quadriceps strength asymmetry as predictor of ankle sprain in male volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:822-829. [PMID: 33969957 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankle sprain is the most common acute time-loss injury in volleyball and occurs mainly during landing from a jump. Therefore we have evaluated the role of quadriceps strength and countermovement jump height on ankle sprain occurrence, as these intrinsic modifiable risk factors were not yet evaluated. We have also hypothesised that presence of quadriceps strength asymmetry could be a possible risk factor for ankle sprains in male volleyball players. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study. Male volleyball players (N = 99) from Slovenian national league participated in the study. Before the start of the season, all participants completed a preseason questionnaire and underwent evaluation of vertical jump performance and bilateral isokinetic strength of the quadriceps (Q) and hamstrings (H). During the subsequent season the players reported acute time loss injuries because of ankle sprain through a weekly questionnaire. RESULTS We have registered 19 ankle sprains during the season. Overall ankle sprain incidence was 0.41±0.24 per 1000 h. Previous ankle sprain (odd ratio 0.86; 95% CI 0.25 - 2.89, p = 0.802) and jump height (1.05; 95% C.I. 0.94 - 1.19, p = 0.393) were not significant risk factors, while Q strength asymmetry was a significant predictor of an ankle sprain (odd ratio 0.956; 95% CI 0.919-0.995, p = 0.026). Compared with the uninjured players, the injured players had higher right concentric Q strength, higher Q strength asymmetry, and lower concentric right H-Q strength ratio (all p<0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that excessive concentric strength of the right Q, which leads to low H-Q strength ratio, and high bilateral Q strength asymmetry in favor of the right side, could be associated with increased risk of ankle sprains in male volleyball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Hadzic
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia -
| | - Tine Sattler
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pori
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Veselko
- Department of Traumatology, University Clinical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia.,S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behaviour, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Goran Marković
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University in Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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36
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Fröhlich S, Helbling M, Fucentese SF, Karlen W, Frey WO, Spörri J. Injury risks among elite competitive alpine skiers are underestimated if not registered prospectively, over the entire season and regardless of whether requiring medical attention. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:1635-1643. [PMID: 32556431 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-06110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prospective studies assessing the injuries occurring in elite competitive alpine skiers are lacking, and a full picture of all injuries, including those not requiring medical attention, is absent. Likewise, little is known about the sex-specific injury risks and patterns of elite skiers throughout an entire season (i.e. an off-season preparation period and a competition period). Accordingly, this study investigated the injuries of a national team cohort with respect to season period and sex. METHODS Over an entire season, all injuries occurring in 44 Swiss National Ski Team members (25 females and 19 males) were registered, regardless of whether they required medical attention. Skiers were prospectively monitored by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) questionnaire and by continuously updated team medical records. Finally, these data were used as a reference for supplemental interviews, in which the correctness and completeness of the prospective data were verified. RESULTS The risk of suffering at least one injury during an entire season was 75.0% with a 95% confidence interval (73.1%, 76.9%) for traumatic injuries, and 52.3% (50.0%, 54.5%) for overuse injuries. Traumatic injuries concerned the head, lower leg and knee, while overuse injuries affected the lumbar spine, knee and hip. During the competition period, skiers were more prone to traumatic injuries, while during the off-season preparation period, skiers' risk was higher for overuse injuries. Over an entire season, there were no sex differences. However, females were more vulnerable to traumatic injuries during the preparation period and overuse injuries during the competition period, while males had a higher risk for overuse injuries during the preparation period. CONCLUSIONS When prospectively registering injuries among elite competitive alpine skiers over an entire season, regardless of whether the injuries required medical attention, the injury risks were alarmingly high and substantially larger than those previously reported. Moreover, since injury risks and patterns are season period and sex dependent, it is strongly recommended that (1) injury registration focuses on both the off-season preparation period and the competition period and (2) prevention efforts are specifically tailored to the sex of the athletes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fröhlich
- Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Lengghalde 5, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Helbling
- Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Lengghalde 5, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandro F Fucentese
- Knee Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Karlen
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter O Frey
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Spörri
- Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Lengghalde 5, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland.
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hager L, Averbeck B, Voelcker-Rehage C, Kutz DF. Sex differences in the consumption of over-the-counter analgesics among amateur volleyball players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:45. [PMID: 33910635 PMCID: PMC8082781 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00273-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Compared with the normal adult population, athletes of several sport disciplines, such as endurance sports, ball sports, cycling and swimming, have higher use of over-the-counter analgesics (OTC analgesics). The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of OTC analgesic use in volleyball players as a typical competitive sport discipline. One particular focus was placed on the analysis whether the athletes’ use of OTC analgesics was influenced by their performance motivation. Methods A cross-sectional survey among amateur volleyball players was carried out using a web-based sports questionnaire. The study included athletes of both sexes, 18 years and older, currently playing in a German volleyball league. The athletes’ sport-related complaints were evaluated regarding the use of OTC analgesics. The use of OTC analgesics by athletes was compared with their performance motivation, based on the „Achievement Motives Scale - Sport” (AMS-Sport) questionnaire. Results The analysis of 114 completed questionnaires of amateur athletes revealed that the use of OTC analgesics was sex dependent, with a higher prevalence of use in female players (60%) versus male players (38%). The main reasons for consumption of OTC analgesics were pain in the head, knee and shoulder. The most frequently taken drug was ibuprofen, most often taken at competitions and over a period of 4 years (median). The analysis of the AMS-Sport questionnaire revealed that a logistic regression model for estimating the probability of drug use can be explained by the factors hope of success and years of playing practise in female players but not male players. In females, an increase in the factor hope of success resulted in a lower probability of OTC analgesic use, while an increase in years of playing practise resulted in a higher probability of use. Conclusion The average duration that volleyball players in this study took OTC analgesics was higher than that of the German population, and OTC analgesic use was more prevalent in female than male volleyball players. Thus, to reduce the prevalence of OTC analgesic use, educational programs should be implemented in sports teams; and, to reduce direct and indirect social pressure, sports teams should also receive sex-specific psychological support. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-021-00273-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hager
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Beate Averbeck
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.,Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Dieter F Kutz
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany. .,Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
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Manaf H, Justine M, Hassan N. Prevalence and Pattern of Musculoskeletal Injuries Among Malaysian Hockey League Players. Malays Orthop J 2021; 15:21-26. [PMID: 33880144 PMCID: PMC8043635 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2103.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hockey is a team sport that involves running, sprinting, and making sudden changes in directions of movement to control a ball against the opposing team. Therefore, due to its nature of fast movement, hockey players may be at risk of various musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and pattern of musculoskeletal injuries sustained among Malaysian Hockey League players. Materials and Method Data were collected from 84 field hockey players that participated in the Malaysian Hockey League competition from June 2016 until December 2016. All injuries were recorded by the participating medical team using a structured questionnaire. A descriptive statistical analysis and Chi-Square test were used to explore the prevalence of the injury. Result More than half of the players were reported to have lower limb injuries (51.6%). Sprain and strain were the most prevalent injuries (63%) and mostly affected the ankle (29%). Male players sustained more injuries (50.8%) compared to female players (49.2%). Conclusion This study suggests that a guideline is needed for injury prevention strategies that will benefit the hockey players in preventing injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Manaf
- Centre of Physiotherapy Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - M Justine
- Centre of Physiotherapy Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - N Hassan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institut Sukan Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kompel A, Haran PH, Murakami AM, Engebretsen L, Jarraya M, Roemer F, Guermazi A. MRI-Detected Knee Ligament Sprains and Associated Internal Derangement in Athletes Competing at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympics. Open Access J Sports Med 2021; 12:23-32. [PMID: 33727869 PMCID: PMC7955024 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s292763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Describe the frequency and severity of knee ligament sprains diagnosed by MRI in athletes participating at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, their association with certain sports and assess correlations with additional knee structural injury. Patients and Methods All knee MRIs performed in the Olympic Village and polyclinics during the 2016 Olympics were retrospectively, blindly reviewed for ligament sprains and associated knee injuries. In addition to the absence or presence of these abnormalities, athletes were stratified by age, gender and sport. Results 11,274 athletes participated in the 2016 Olympic Games: 113 athletes received at least one knee MRI with some having bilateral or repeat MRI on the same knee. Anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament (ACL/MCL) sprains were most common, accounting for 32 of the 43 sprains (74.4%). Wrestling (10), hockey (7), athletics (7), and judo (5) accounted for over half of ligament sprains. ACL sprains showed a significant positive correlation with medial, lateral meniscal tears and bone contusions. The positive correlation between posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) sprains with MCL/lateral collateral ligament sprain, and popliteus tendon tear was statistically significant with 50% of total PCL sprains occurring in hockey. When athletes were stratified by gender, ligament sprains had a similar occurrence and distribution between men and women. Conclusion Knee ligament sprains, at the Rio 2016 Games, were most common in wrestling, hockey, athletics and judo with ACL and MCL sprains most frequent. Meniscal tears and bone contusions occurred often with ACL sprains. PCL sprains tended to be multi-ligamentous injuries. Sustained ligament sprains had similar occurrence between genders, while men had a peak incidence of sprains at a younger age and women at an older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kompel
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prashanth H Haran
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akira M Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, & Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, VA Boston Health System, Boston, MA, USA
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Barič A, Hlebš S, Novak S, Brumat P. Epidemiology of injuries in female and male senior Slovenian handball leagues. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1644-1652. [PMID: 33511818 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.11967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handball is associated with a high frequency of injuries due to unexpected situations, external disturbances of movement and extreme positions of body segments. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze injuries among female and male players from all five senior Slovenian handball leagues in the season 2010/2011. METHODS We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study using a questionnaire. Data were collected between February and May 2012. Descriptive analysis is provided. RESULTS Forty-five percent of all the players were injured, reporting 92 injuries. 0.58 injuries/player occurred, 57 (62%) in females and 35 (38%) in males. Injury incidence in females (27.7 injuries/1000 hours match, 0.97 injuries/1000 hours training) was higher than in men (10.6 injuries/1000 hours match, 0.5 injuries/1000 hours training), respectively. The left- and right-back players were injured most often (41%). Sprain was the most common injury type (55%). Most injuries were severe (29%). The lower limb was injured most frequently (62%). Ankle was injured the most commonly (35%), but ankle injuries were in most cases moderate (38%). More than 70% of knee injuries and 50% of shoulder injuries were severe. In 33%, cause of injury was contact with an opponent/teammate. Thirty-six percent of players reported shoulder and 36% ankle overuse syndromes. CONCLUSIONS Present findings showed a higher incidence of injuries in female than in male senior Slovenian handball players in the 2010/2011 season. Preventive programs should focus not only on the acute ankle and knee injuries, but also on overuse syndromes of the shoulder and ankle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Barič
- Fiziomania, Anja Barič s.p., Fizioterapija, Izola, Slovenia -
| | - Sonja Hlebš
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samo Novak
- Valdoltra Orthopedic Hospital, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Peter Brumat
- Valdoltra Orthopedic Hospital, Ankaran, Slovenia
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Szymski D, Achenbach L, Krutsch V, Alt V, Meffert R, Krutsch W, Fehske K. Injury epidemiology in men's professional team sports: is media analysis helpful? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2021; 141:655-661. [PMID: 33426608 PMCID: PMC7966138 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-020-03743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiological injury surveillance in professional sports is often based on online media analysis in order to collect necessary data. However, the validation of this study protocol is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the validity of injury surveillance in men's professional team sports based on media reports. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, the validity of media-data-relating injuries was investigated in participating teams of the highest two German divisions in men's professional basketball (BB) and handball (HB) in the season 2018/2019. Injury protocols completed by the team physicians were compared to those of sports media injury reports. RESULTS The study population was composed of 133 athletes (54 BB and 79 HB). Of 343 injuries reported by the team physicians, 151 (44%) could be identified by means of sports media reports. Severe injuries (n = 75, 72%) were reported more likely in sports media compared to less severe injuries (n = 76, 32%, p < 0.00001). Odds ratio (OR) was 5.33 (95% CI 3.22-8.82). No differences regarding injury reporting could be seen between the two team sports. CONCLUSION For severe injuries, media analysis may be a sufficient method for data collection in popular men's professional ball sports. An underestimation of true injury prevalence lies within the range of previous reported investigations concerning the validation of injury surveillance methods. Non-severe injuries could not be verified via media analysis in professional handball and basketball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szymski
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Leonard Achenbach
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians University Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Krutsch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Volker Alt
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Meffert
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians University Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Werner Krutsch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany ,SportDocsFranken, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Kai Fehske
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians University Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Cardiovascular fitness and health effects of various types of team sports for adult and elderly inactive individuals - a brief narrative review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 63:709-722. [PMID: 33328098 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recreational team sports offer an alternative form of exercise to inactive individuals across the lifespan and sexes. Soccer is the most investigated recreational team sport reporting a wide range of health benefits, including cardiovascular (CV) health. The quest for novel paradigms to promote exercise in the general population, recently extended its interest to other team sports besides soccer. The available research supports the importance of recreational team handball, floorball, basketball, touch rugby, futsal and volleyball as training paradigms to improve CV fitness and other health-related variables in inactive individuals across ages and sexes. In most cases, recreational team sports programs assume the form of small-sided games, eliciting mean heart rates of 72-85% of the individual maximal. The majority of the training interventions were carried out for 12weeks with a reported mean attendance of 2 times 40-60min per week. Maximal oxygen uptake improvements were different in magnitude across the recreational team sports, with recreational team handball providing significant and clinically relevant increases (>3.5ml·kg-1·min-1). Game format, training exposure and pre-intervention health and fitness status are issues that need further investigation with the aim to optimize recreational team sports exercise programs implementation. Furthermore, the nature and effects of grassroots team sports should be further studied in order to provide as many as possible effective training tools for former practitioners and for the general population that has none or little experience of sport. Given the potential positive impact of recreational team sports practice on world population's health, large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted.
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43
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Theilen TM, Green M, Mueller-Eising W, Rolle U. Incidence of penalty corner injuries in international field hockey. Res Sports Med 2020; 30:193-202. [PMID: 33336586 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1862842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Field hockey penalty corners (PCs) put players at potential risk for injuries. This study evaluated the incidence of PC-related injuries with special regards to head injuries. Video sequences provided by the Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH) of 295 matches in 11 elite field hockey tournaments (2015-2016) were analysed for overall injuries and PC-related injuries in detail. In total, 13.9% of all match injuries (49/352 injuries) occurred in relation to a PC, accounting for 7.1 PC-related injuries per 1000 player match hours (95% CI 4.4-9.9). There were 11 head injuries afflicting six defenders and five attackers. One head injury was related to a direct hit by a ball (drag flick). This study provides the first data on PC-related injuries in elite field hockey. The recorded numbers and mechanisms of PC-related injuries should be used as a baseline for further studies and potential rule adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/M., Germany
| | - Michael Green
- Health and Safety Committee, Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wiebke Mueller-Eising
- Health and Safety Committee, Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/M., Germany.,Health and Safety Committee, Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Lausanne, Switzerland
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44
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Mountjoy M, Moran J, Ahmed H, Bermon S, Bigard X, Doerr D, Lacoste A, Miller S, Weber A, Foster J, Budgett R, Engebretsen L, Burke LM, Gouttebarge V, Grant ME, McCloskey B, Piccininni P, Racinais S, Stuart M, Zideman D. Athlete health and safety at large sporting events: the development of consensus-driven guidelines. Br J Sports Med 2020; 55:191-197. [PMID: 33184113 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
All sport events have inherent injury and illness risks for participants. Healthcare services for sport events should be planned and delivered to mitigate these risks which is the ethical responsibility of all sport event organisers. The objective of this paper was to develop consensus-driven guidelines describing the basic standards of services necessary to protect athlete health and safety during large sporting events. By using the Knowledge Translation Scheme Framework, a gap in International Federation healthcare programming for sport events was identified. Event healthcare content areas were determined through a narrative review of the scientific literature. Content experts were systematically identified. Following a literature search, an iterative consensus process was undertaken. The outcome document was written by the knowledge translation expert writing group, with the assistance of a focus group consisting of a cohort of International Federation Medical Chairpersons. Athletes were recruited to review and provide comment. The Healthcare Guidelines for International Federation Events document was developed including content-related to (i) pre-event planning (eg, sport medical risk assessment, public health requirements, environmental considerations), (ii) event safety (eg, venue medical services, emergency action plan, emergency transport, safety and security) and (iii) additional considerations (eg, event health research, spectator medical services). We developed a generic standardised template guide to facilitate the planning and delivery of medical services at international sport events. The organisers of medical services should adapt, evaluate and modify this guide to meet the sport-specific local context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Mountjoy
- Bureau-Sport Medicine Liaison, McMaster University Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,Medical and Scientific Commission-Games Group-Sport Medicine, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Jane Moran
- Medical and Scientific Commission-Games Group-Sport Medicine, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland.,Medical Commission, International Skating Union, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hosny Ahmed
- ADU, International Handball Federation, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Xavier Bigard
- Sport Medicine, Union Cycliste Internationale, Aigle, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Doerr
- International Weightlifting Federation (IWF), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alain Lacoste
- Sports Medicine, World Rowing, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Miller
- Science & Technical Department, International Tennis Federation, Roehampton, UK
| | | | - Jeremy Foster
- Association of Summer Olympic International Federations (ASOIF), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Richard Budgett
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Louise M Burke
- Nutrition Working Group, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gouttebarge
- Mental Health Working Group, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Elaine Grant
- Medical and Scientific Commission Games Group-Physiotherapy, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Brian McCloskey
- Medical and Scientific Commission-Games Group-Public Health, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Paul Piccininni
- Medical and Scientific Commission-Dental, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Racinais
- Medical and Scientific Commission-Games Group Sport Science: adverse weather impact, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Mark Stuart
- Medical and Scientific Commission Games Group-Pharmacy, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - David Zideman
- Medical and Scientific Commission-Games Group Anaesthesiologist and Emergency Pre-Hospital Care Consultant, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
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45
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Mizoguchi Y, Akasaka K, Otsudo T, Hall T. Physical function characteristics in Japanese high school volleyball players with low back pain: A case-controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23178. [PMID: 33181694 PMCID: PMC7668454 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a typical symptom in volleyball players, yet associated physical function factors have not been identified. This study purpose is to determine the relationship between LBP and physical function factors in order to identify potential factors for the management of LBP.Participants were 123 male and female volleyball players of 15- to 17-year-olds who, completed a questionnaire regarding demographic details, presence of LBP, and years of volleyball experience. Participants were divided into 2 groups based on the presence of current LBP and evaluated on physical function tests. The results of the questionnaire response and physical function test were compared between the 2 groups. Data were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression analysis with presence and absence of current LBP as the explanatory variable.11.4% of all participants reported current LBP. Physical function factors associated with current LBP were a positive modified Thomas test, years of volleyball experience and reduced range of motion of shoulder horizontal abduction on the dominant hand side.The associations between physical function factors and LBP found in this survey suggest that attention should be given to more experienced players with decreased flexibility of hip and shoulder flexors on the dominant side in order to manage LBP in high school volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Mizoguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Saitama Medical University Hospital, 38 Morohongo
| | - Kiyokazu Akasaka
- Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, 981 Kawakado, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Otsudo
- Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, 981 Kawakado, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toby Hall
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Manual Concept, PO Box 1236, Booragoon, Western Australia, Australia
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46
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Levi A, Theilen TM, Rolle U. Injury surveillance in elite field hockey: a pilot study of three different recording techniques. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000908. [PMID: 33304606 PMCID: PMC7704285 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In field hockey, injuries are assessed by various recording techniques leading to a heterogenic collection of poorly comparable injury data. Methods Injury data were prospectively collected at the 2016 Men’s Hockey Junior World Cup using the match injury reports (MIRs), video injury clips provided by the Fédération Internationale de Hockey, and daily medical reports (DMRs). A pilot study comparing injury type, mechanism, location on the field, injured body part and overall injury incidence among the different injury recording techniques was performed. Results MIRs and video injury clips were completely available for analysis. DMRs were returned from 11 out of 16 teams (69%). In total, MIRs yielded 28, video analysis 36, and DMRs 56 injuries. Overall injury rate varied between 24.8 and 57.9 injuries per 1000 player match hours. The majority of injuries affected the lower limbs by all three methods (41.7–61.2%) and were mainly caused by having been hit by the ball (20.4–50%) or stick (11.1–28.6%). Reports of concussions during competition were incoherent between MIR (2 cases) and DMR (no cases). The DMR was the only method to record overuse injuries (16.1%), injuries in training (12.5%), and time-loss injuries of one or two days (12.5%) or of three or more days (14.3%). Conclusion Injury data vary substantially between the MIR, DMR and injury video recording technique. Each recording technique revealed specific strengths and limitations. To further advance injury research in field hockey, the strengths of each recording technique should be brought together for a synergistic injury assessment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Levi
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Hospital of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
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47
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Husen M, Burgsmüller L, Burggraf M, Jäger M, Dudda M, Kauther M. Injuries and Overuse Syndromes in Rink Hockey Players. Int J Sports Med 2020; 42:132-137. [PMID: 32854123 DOI: 10.1055/a-1212-0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rink Hockey is a high-speed low-contact sport with a widely recognized injury potential. Played with a hard ball by players wearing little or no protective gear, the rates of concussions and head injuries are of high interest. In this study, we reviewed and investigated injuries sustained by 108 German National League rink hockey players. We conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study to determine sport-specific injuries and injury patterns in female and male rink hockey players. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire. A total of 108 players participated in the study. The combined rate of injuries were 9.4/1000 athlete exposures. There was no significant difference between injury rates during games and practice. A sex-specific difference was not detected. Head injuries were the most frequent type (20.8% of all injuries). Concussions made up 7% of all head injuries with a rate of 0.76/1000 athlete exposure. Ball contact was the cause for 31% of injuries, while player contact generated 26.2% of all injuries. High rates of ball-contact-related injuries resulted in time loss and medical consultations. Head injuries were frequent, however did not result in significant time loss as compared to other injuries. The use of protective gear should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Husen
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Burgsmüller
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Burggraf
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma & Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim/Contilia
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Max Kauther
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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48
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Ferioli D, La Torre A, Tibiletti E, Dotto A, Rampinini E. Determining the relationship between load markers and non-contact injuries during the competitive season among professional and semi-professional basketball players. Res Sports Med 2020; 29:265-276. [PMID: 32812787 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1808980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association and predictive ability of internal load markers (based on rating of perceived exertion, RPE) with non-contact injuries in basketball. 35 basketball players (age: 24 ± 6 years, stature: 196 ± 9 cm, body mass: 91 ± 12 kg) were prospectively followed during 1 or 2 seasons, during which non-contact injuries were recorded. Markers examined were: mean weekly RPE, weekly load, exposure, week-to-week load change, acute:chronic 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 load ratio. A generalized estimating equations analysis was used to determine association with non-contact injury in the subsequent week. Prediction was examined with receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve (AUC) and Youden index. No associations were found between load markers and non-contact injuries (all p > 0.05); load markers showed no injury predictive ability (AUC range: 0.468-537; Youden index range: 0.019-132). In conclusion, the load markers selected are not associated with non-contact injuries and they cannot be used to predict injuries in basketball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Human Performance Laboratory, MAPEI Sport Research Centre, Olgiate Olona, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonio La Torre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Ermanno Rampinini
- Human Performance Laboratory, MAPEI Sport Research Centre, Olgiate Olona, Varese, Italy
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49
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Rees H, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. Epidemiology of injuries in senior men's field hockey: A two-season prospective observational injury surveillance study. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2842-2849. [PMID: 32734831 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1802094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Determining the rate and severity of injuries incurred through sport is accepted as the primary step towards designing, implementing and evaluating injury prevention programmes. The aim of this study was to determine the injury incidence rate and characteristics of male field hockey athletes participating in the Irish Hockey League. Athletes from eight field hockey teams were assigned to an online reporting system, where they logged injuries as they were incurred. Injuries were defined as any physical complaint. Coaches and physiotherapists were contacted weekly to corroborateinjuries. Overall 323 injuries were reported across 34,449 exposure hours, giving rise to an incidence rate of 9.4/1000 h. On average, athletes sustained one injury over the course of two seasons. Muscle strains, pain and contusions were the most common types of injury, while the hamstring, knee and hip/groin were the most frequently reported locations. While 66.9% of injuries occurred through non-contact mechanisms, contact injuries were also common. Injury recurrences accounted for 16.1% of injuries. In conclusion, the incidence of injury in field hockey is high, occurring from a variety of mechanisms. Future injury prevention strategies should prioritise injuries to the hamstring, knee and ankle, and be specific to particular playing positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw Rees
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulrik McCarthy Persson
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Boreham
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
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50
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Lee I, Jeong HS, Lee SY. Injury Profiles in Korean Youth Soccer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5125. [PMID: 32708572 PMCID: PMC7400017 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to analyze injury profiles and injury severity in Korean youth soccer players. Data on all injuries that occurred in U-15 youth soccer players during the 2019 season were collected from 681 players of 22 teams through a medical questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on injury surveillance procedures of the Federation International de Football Association Medical and Research Centre and International Olympic Committee, and it comprised questions on demographic characteristics, training conditions, and injury information. Among all players, defenders accounted for 33.0%, followed by attackers (30.7%), midfielders (26.8%), and goalkeepers (7.9%). Most players played soccer on artificial grounds (97.4%). Injuries occurred more frequently during training (56.3%) than during matches (43.7%). Recurrent injury rate was 4.4% and average days to return to full activities were 22.58. The ankle (26.6%) and knee joints (14.1%) were the most common injury locations, and ligament sprains (21.0%), contusions (15.6%), and fractures (13.9%) were the most frequent injury types. In conclusion, Korean youth soccer players have a high injury risk. Therefore, researchers and coaching staff need to consider these results as a key to prevent injuries in youth soccer players and injury prevention programs may help decrease injury rate by providing injury management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inje Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- International Olympic Committee Research Centre KOREA, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hee Seong Jeong
- Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- International Olympic Committee Research Centre KOREA, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sae Yong Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- International Olympic Committee Research Centre KOREA, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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