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Attia MS, Ayman F, Attia MS, Yahya G, Zahra MH, Khalil MMI, Diab AAA. Mitigating diabetes-related complications: Empowering metformin with cholecalciferol and taurine supplementation in type 2 diabetic rats. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1778-1792. [PMID: 39192867 PMCID: PMC11346095 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i8.1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Current treatment options like metformin (MET) effectively counteract hyperglycemia but fail to alleviate diabetes-associated complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatopathy, and cardiovascular diseases. AIM To propose the supplementation of cholecalciferol (CHO) and taurine (TAU) to enhance MET efficacy in controlling diabetes while minimizing the risk of associated complications. METHODS The study involved sixty rats, including ten non-diabetic control rats and fifty experimental rats with type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin. The experimental rats were further subdivided into positive control and treatment subgroups. The four treatment groups were randomly allocated to a single MET treatment or MET combined with supplements either CHO, TAU, or both. RESULTS Diabetic rats exhibited elevated levels of glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin%, lipid markers, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde, along with reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase). The administration of CHO and TAU supplements alongside MET in diabetic rats led to a noticeable recovery of islet mass. The antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties of the proposed combination therapy significantly ameliorated the aforementioned abnormalities. CONCLUSION The supplementation of CHO and TAU with MET showed the potential to significantly improve metabolic parameters and protect against diabetic complications through its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai S Attia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Fadwa Ayman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Galal Yahya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mansour H Zahra
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Grace AF, Olubunmi AA, Adetutu OT, Kweku RJ, Olubisi AO, Daniel OF. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Vitamin D, Calcium and Phosphate Deficiency among Apparently Healthy Children Aged 6-24 Months in a Semi-urban Community in Southwest, Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J 2024; 31:213-219. [PMID: 39219343 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_101_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate levels of calcium, phosphate and Vitamin D are essential for bone physiology and growth, as well as preventing some common childhood illnesses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the deficiencies of these nutrients and factors affecting their serum levels in Nigerian children. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that involved 220 apparently healthy children aged 6-24 months in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Serum calcium and phosphate were assayed using the calorimetric method, while Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D) was assayed with ELISA. RESULTS The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) serum Vitamin D level was 55.07 ± 16.53 ng/ml, while the mean (±SD) serum calcium and phosphate were 2.27 ± 0.13 mmol/l and 1.28 ± 0.18 mmol/l, respectively. Eleven (5%) of the children had hypovitaminosis D, 23 (10.5%) had hypocalcaemia and 12 (5.5%) had hypophosphataemia. Factors found to be significantly associated with hypovitaminosis D included low consumption of milk and the use of a hijab veil, while malnutrition (both undernutrition and overnutrition) was significantly associated with hypocalcaemia. CONCLUSION The prevalence levels of hypovitaminosis D and hypophosphataemia were low, while hypocalcaemia was more common. Low milk consumption and use of a hijab veil were risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, while malnutrition was a risk factor for hypocalcaemia. Malnourished children, especially overnourished ones, should be routinely screened for hypocalcaemia because of its high prevalence among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajayi Fisayo Grace
- Department of Paediatrics, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | | | - Ogunlesi Tinuade Adetutu
- Department of Paediatrics, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Renner James Kweku
- Department of Paediatrics, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | | | - Obaya Fisayo Daniel
- Department of Paediatrics, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
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Liu AM, Mirle V, Lee C, Hynes K, Dirschl DR, Strelzow J. Forgetting the Frail: National Trends in Vitamin D Prescription After Fragility Fracture-A Large Insurance Claims Database Study. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2024; 32:464-471. [PMID: 38484091 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-23-00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D plays a critical role in bone health, affecting bone mineral density and fracture healing. Insufficient serum vitamin D levels are associated with increased fracture rates. Despite guidelines advocating vitamin D supplementation, little is known about the prescription rates after fragility fractures. This study aims to characterize vitamin D prescription rates after three common fragility fractures in patients older than 50 years and explore potential factors influencing prescription rates. METHODS The study used the PearlDiver Database, identifying patients older than 50 years with hip fractures, spinal compression fractures, or distal radius fractures between 2010 and 2020. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and vitamin D prescription rates were analyzed. Statistical methods included chi-square analysis and univariate and multivariable analyses. RESULTS A total of 3,214,294 patients with fragility fractures were included. Vitamin D prescriptions increased from 2.50% to nearly 6% for all fracture types from 2010 to 2020. Regional variations existed, with the Midwest having the highest prescription rate (4.25%) and the West the lowest (3.31%). Patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, tobacco use, obesity, female sex, age older than 60 years, and osteoporosis were more likely to receive vitamin D prescriptions. DISCUSSION Despite a notable increase in vitamin D prescriptions after fragility fractures, the absolute rates remain low. Patient comorbidities influenced prescription rates, perhaps indicating growing awareness of the link between vitamin D deficiency and these conditions. However, individuals older than 60 years, a high-risk group, were markedly less likely to receive prescriptions, possibly because of practice variations and concerns about polypharmacy. Educational initiatives and revised guidelines may have improved vitamin D prescription rates after fragility fractures. However, there is a need to raise awareness about the importance of vitamin D for bone health, particularly in older adults, and additional study variations in prescription practices. These findings emphasize the importance of enhancing post-fracture care to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with fragility fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy M Liu
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine ,UChicago Medicine, Chicago, IL(Liu, Mirle, Lee, Hynes, and Strelzow), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (Dirschl)
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Wakle KS, Mokale SN, Sakle NS. Emerging perspectives: unraveling the anticancer potential of vitamin D 3. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2877-2933. [PMID: 37994947 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D3, a fat-soluble vitamin known for its critical function in calcium homeostasis and bone health, is gaining interest for its anticancer properties. Observational studies have suggested a negative relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of some malignancies throughout the years, prompting substantial investigation to find its anticancer effects. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to investigate the diverse function of vitamin D3 in cancer prevention and therapy. We explored the molecular mechanism underlying its effects on cancer cells, which range from cell cycle control and death to angiogenesis and immune response modulation. Insights from in vitro and in vivo studies provide valuable evidence supporting its anticancer potential. Furthermore, we look at epidemiological and clinical studies that investigate the relationship between vitamin D3 levels and cancer risk or treatment results. Vitamin D3 supplementation's safety profile and cost-effectiveness increase its attractiveness as an adjuvant therapy in conjunction with traditional treatment regimens. Our critical review of the current literature provides an in-depth understanding of vitamin D3's anticancer effect, covering the obstacles and possibilities in realizing its promise for cancer prevention and therapy. The findings of this study might pave the way for the development of innovative treatment techniques that take use of the advantages of vitamin D3 to fight cancer and improve patient care. As research progresses, a better understanding of vitamin D3's anticancer processes will surely simplify its incorporation into personalized cancer care techniques, hence enhancing patient outcomes in the battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal S Wakle
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431001, India
| | - Santosh N Mokale
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431001, India
| | - Nikhil S Sakle
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431001, India.
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Ben-Eltriki M, Gayle EJ, Paras JM, Nyame-Addo L, Chhabra M, Deb S. Vitamin D in Melanoma: Potential Role of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:510. [PMID: 38672780 PMCID: PMC11050855 DOI: 10.3390/life14040510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a promising anticancer agent for the prevention and treatment of several cancers, including melanoma. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, a routinely used marker for vitamin D, have been suggested as one of the factors in the development and progression of melanoma. The parent vitamin D needs activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes to exert its actions via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This review discusses the role of vitamin D in melanoma and how CYP-mediated metabolism can potentially affect the actions of vitamin D. Through interacting with the retinoid X receptor, VDR signaling leads to anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer actions. Calcitriol, the dihydroxylated form of vitamin D3, is the most active and potent ligand of VDR. CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP2R1 are involved in the activation of vitamin D, whereas CYP24A1 and CYP3A4 are responsible for the degradation of the active vitamin D. CYP24A1, the primary catabolic enzyme of calcitriol, is overexpressed in melanoma tissues and cells. Several drug classes and natural health products can modulate vitamin D-related CYP enzymes and eventually cause lower levels of vitamin D and its active metabolites in tissues. Although the role of vitamin D in the development of melanoma is yet to be fully elucidated, it has been proposed that melanoma prevention may be significantly aided by increased vitamin D signaling. Furthermore, selective targeting of the catabolic enzymes responsible for vitamin D degradation could be a plausible strategy in melanoma therapy. Vitamin D signaling can be improved by utilizing dietary supplements or by modulating CYP metabolism. A positive association exists between the intake of vitamin D supplements and improved prognosis for melanoma patients. Further investigation is required to determine the function of vitamin D supplementation and specific enzyme targeting in the prevention of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Eltriki
- Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Cochrane Hypertension Review Group, Therapeutic Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erysa J. Gayle
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA; (E.J.G.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Jhoanne M. Paras
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA; (E.J.G.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Louisa Nyame-Addo
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA; (E.J.G.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Manik Chhabra
- Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA
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Indra Gunawan P, Rochmah N, Faizi M. Comparison of 25-hydroxy vitamin D serum levels among children with epilepsy in therapy with single versus multiple antiseizure medications. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2023; 24:100620. [PMID: 37680766 PMCID: PMC10481176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2023.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Treatment with antiseizure medications (ASMs) for more than 6 months requires monitoring of side effects, one of which is a decreased level of serum vitamin D. This study aimed to compare the influence of therapies with one versus multiple ASMs on 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels among children with epilepsy. Methods Our cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the Paediatric Neurology Clinic at Soetomo Academic Hospital. Epileptic children aged 2-18 years who had been using ASMs for at least 6 months were enrolled and grouped according to whether they had been taking single or multiple ASMs. The mean 25-OHD levels of both groups were compared using a Welch t-test (95% confidence interval). Results Among the 60 children enrolled, vitamin D deficiency was identified in 13% of children taking a single ASM and in 53% of ones taking multiple ASMs; mean 25-OHD levels were 26.6 (SD 5.29) ng/mL and 20.2 (SD 4.25) ng/mL, respectively. There was a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.001). Conclusions Patients taking single and multiple ASMs have lower 25-OHD levels than expected for their age, with those taking multiple ASMs having the lowest 25-OHD levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prastiya Indra Gunawan
- Pediatric Neurology Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nur Rochmah
- Pediatric Endocrinology Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Faizi
- Pediatric Endocrinology Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Maggini V, Crescioli G, Ippoliti I, Gallo E, Menniti-Ippolito F, Chiaravalloti A, Mascherini V, Da Cas R, Potenza S, Gritti G, Galiulo MT, Sottosanti L, Vannacci A, Lombardi N, Firenzuoli F. Safety Profile of Vitamin D in Italy: An Analysis of Spontaneous Reports of Adverse Reactions Related to Drugs and Food Supplements. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4726. [PMID: 37510843 PMCID: PMC10381134 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) is largely used in Italy, often inappropriately; thus, an evaluation of its safety is a crucial issue. This study analyses the adverse reactions (ARs) associated with the use of products containing VitD (VitDps) reported to the Italian National Pharmacovigilance and Phytovigilance networks. From March 2002 to August 2022, a total of 643 and 127 reports concerning 903 and 215 ARs were retrieved from Pharmacovigilance and Phytovigilance networks, respectively. Overall, 332 (29.6%) ARs were classified as serious, and the most described ones were hypercalcaemia, renal failure and tachycardia. Serious AR risk was significantly higher for subjects using more than four concomitant products (OR 2.44 [95% CI 1.30-4.60]) and VitD doses higher than 1000 IU/day (OR 2.70 [95% CI 1.30-5.64]). In Italy, there was a modest decrease in AR reporting, despite the slightly increased use of VitD during the COVID-19 pandemic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing all VitDps-related ARs observed in the Italian general population. Since underreporting is the main limitation of the safety reporting systems, the necessity to continue ARs monitoring, also using real-world data on VitDps prescription, use and outcome patterns is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Maggini
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine-CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Giada Crescioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ippoliti
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Gallo
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine-CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Adelaide Chiaravalloti
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine-CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50141 Florence, Italy
- General and Clinical Phytotherapy, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Mascherini
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine-CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Da Cas
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Vannacci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Lombardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Firenzuoli
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine-CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50141 Florence, Italy
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Kuznia S, Zhu A, Akutsu T, Buring JE, Camargo CA, Cook NR, Chen LJ, Cheng TYD, Hantunen S, Lee IM, Manson JE, Neale RE, Scragg R, Shadyab AH, Sha S, Sluyter J, Tuomainen TP, Urashima M, Virtanen JK, Voutilainen A, Wactawski-Wende J, Waterhouse M, Brenner H, Schöttker B. Efficacy of vitamin D 3 supplementation on cancer mortality: Systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101923. [PMID: 37004841 PMCID: PMC10214278 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality in the general population and on prognosis in cancer patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) and individual patient data (IPD) was conducted. Overall, 14 RCTs with a total of 104,727 participants (2015 cancer deaths) were identified and 7 RCTs, including 90 % of all study participants (n = 94,068), could be included in the IPD meta-analyses. The main meta-analysis of the 14 RCTs yielded a statistically non-significant reduction in cancer mortality by 6 % (risk ratio (RR) [95%-confidence interval (95%CI)]: 0.94 [0.86-1.02]). Subgroup analyses revealed a 12 % lower cancer mortality in the vitamin D3 group compared with the placebo group in 10 trials with a daily dosing regimen (RR [95%CI]: 0.88 [0.78-0.98]), whereas no mortality reduction was seen in 4 trials using a bolus regimen (RR [95%CI]: 1.07 [0.91-1.24]; p-value for interaction: 0.042). The IPD meta-analysis (RR [95%CI]: 0.93 [0.84; 1.02]) confirmed the finding of all trials. The IPD were used to test effect modification by age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, adherence and cancer-related factors but no statistically significant findings were obtained in meta-analyses of all trials. When restricted to trials with daily dosing in a post-hoc analysis, adults aged ≥ 70 years (RR [95%CI]: 0.83 [0.77; 0.98]) and subjects with vitamin D3 therapy initiation before cancer diagnosis (RR [95%CI]: 0.87 [0.69; 0.99]) appeared to benefit most from daily vitamin D3 supplementation. Measurements of baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and inclusion of other than non-Hispanic White adults were too sparse in the trials to draw conclusions. Results for all-cause and cancer-specific survival of participants with cancer were comparable to those obtained in the general population for cancer mortality. In conclusion, vitamin D3 did not reduce cancer mortality in the main meta-analysis of all RCTs because the observed risk reduction by 6 % was not statistically significant. However, a subgroup analysis revealed that vitamin D3 administered daily, in contrast to bolus supplementation, reduced cancer mortality by 12 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kuznia
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Zhu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Taisuke Akutsu
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Julie E Buring
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Harvard Medical School, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sari Hantunen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sha Sha
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John Sluyter
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Mitsuyoshi Urashima
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mary Waterhouse
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Germany.
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Losurdo G, Caccavo NLB, Indellicati G, Celiberto F, Ierardi E, Barone M, Di Leo A. Effect of Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use on Blood Vitamins and Minerals: A Primary Care Setting Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082910. [PMID: 37109245 PMCID: PMC10146626 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is frequently encountered in primary care. Its effect on micronutrient absorption is known, as vitamin B12, calcium or vitamin D insufficiency may occur in such patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited patients using a PPI (pantoprazole) for >12 months. The control group was represented by subjects attending the general practitioner not taking any PPI in the last 12 months. We excluded subjects using nutritional supplements or with diseases interfering with micronutrient blood levels. All subjects underwent blood sampling with full blood count, iron, ferritin, vitamin D, calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphate, zinc and folate. RESULTS We recruited 66 subjects: 30 in the PPI group and 36 in the control group. Long-term pantoprazole users had lower red blood cell count but similar hemoglobin. We did not find any significant difference in blood iron, ferritin, vitamin B12 and folate. Vitamin D deficit was observed more frequently in the PPI group (100%) than in controls (30%, p < 0.001), with blood levels lower in pantoprazole consumers. No differences in calcium, sodium and magnesium were observed. Pantoprazole users had lower phosphate levels than controls. Finally, a non-significant trend for zinc deficiency was found in PPI users. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that chronic PPI users may encounter alterations in some micronutrients involved in bone mineral homeostasis. The effect on zinc levels deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Losurdo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine and Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Ph.D. Course in Organs and Tissues Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Precision Medicine Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Indellicati
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine and Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Celiberto
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine and Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Ph.D. Course in Organs and Tissues Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Precision Medicine Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Enzo Ierardi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine and Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Barone
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine and Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine and Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Jodar E, Campusano C, de Jongh RT, Holick MF. Calcifediol: a review of its pharmacological characteristics and clinical use in correcting vitamin D deficiency. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1579-1597. [PMID: 36862209 PMCID: PMC9979899 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the role of vitamin D in bone mineralization, calcium and phosphate homeostasis, and skeletal health, evidence suggests an association between vitamin D deficiency and a wide range of chronic conditions. This is of clinical concern given the substantial global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency has traditionally been treated with vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) or vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3) has recently become available more widely. METHODS By means of targeted literature searches of PubMed, this narrative review overviews the physiological functions and metabolic pathways of vitamin D, examines the differences between calcifediol and vitamin D3, and highlights clinical trials conducted with calcifediol in patients with bone disease or other conditions. RESULTS For supplemental use in the healthy population, calcifediol can be used at doses of up to 10 µg per day for children ≥ 11 years and adults and up to 5 µg/day in children 3-10 years. For therapeutic use of calcifediol under medical supervision, the dose, frequency and duration of treatment is determined according to serum 25(OH)D concentrations, condition, type of patient and comorbidities. Calcifediol differs pharmacokinetically from vitamin D3 in several ways. It is independent of hepatic 25-hydroxylation and thus is one step closer in the metabolic pathway to active vitamin D. At comparable doses to vitamin D3, calcifediol achieves target serum 25(OH)D concentrations more rapidly and in contrast to vitamin D3, it has a predictable and linear dose-response curve irrespective of baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations. The intestinal absorption of calcifediol is relatively preserved in patients with fat malabsorption and it is more hydrophilic than vitamin D3 and thus is less prone to sequestration in adipose tissue. CONCLUSION Calcifediol is suitable for use in all patients with vitamin D deficiency and may be preferable to vitamin D3 for patients with obesity, liver disease, malabsorption and those who require a rapid increase in 25(OH)D concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Jodar
- grid.119375.80000000121738416Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Quirón Salud Madrid and Ruber Juan Bravo University Hospitals, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Campusano
- grid.440627.30000 0004 0487 6659Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, Clínica Universidad de los Andes and School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renate T. de Jongh
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael F. Holick
- grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Vitamin D, Skin, and Bone Research Laboratory, Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 85 E Newton St, M-1013, Boston, MA 02118 USA
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11
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Ma Y, Deng L, Huangfu Y, Zhou Y, Wang P, Shen L. Adequate vitamin D level associated with reduced risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1024849. [PMID: 36776613 PMCID: PMC9908961 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1024849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The effect of vitamin D level pertinent to colorectal cancer incidence, progression, or mortality risk is complicated, and study findings are mixed. Therefore, we evaluated whether serum vitamin D [25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D] is associated with the incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and the risk of CRC. Age, sex, body mass index, history of polyp, disease conditions (i.e., diabetes), medications, and other eight vitamins were used as confounding factors. A total of 389 participants were enrolled in this study, including comprising 83 CRC patients without a family history and 306 healthy controls, between January 2020 and March 2021 at the Department of Colorectal Surgery and Endoscope Center at the Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Adjusted smoothing spline plots, subgroup analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate the relative risk between serum 25(OH)D and sporadic CRC risk. Results After fully adjusting the confounding factors, it was found that circulating 25(OH)D played a protective role in patients with CRC (OR = 0.76 [0.63, 0.92], p = 0.004) and that an adequate vitamin D level was significantly associated with a reduced CRC risk compared to vitamin D deficiency or sufficiency (OR = 0.31 [0.11, 0.9], p = 0.03). According to this study, statins did not affect the potential protective effects of vitamin D (OR = 1.02 [0.97, 1.08], p = 0.44) and may account for the inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer. Conclusion An adequate level of serum 25(OH)D was associated with a reduced CRC risk, especially for the elderly. The finding on the absence of protective effect of vitamin D in the statin use subgroup, suggests it may be one of the substantial contributing confounders, and warrants further investigation.
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Haines KL, Gorenshtein L, Lumpkin S, Grisel B, Gallagher S. Optimal Nutrition in the Older Adult: Beneficial Versus Ineffective Supplements. Curr Nutr Rep 2023:10.1007/s13668-023-00459-y. [PMID: 36689099 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Proper nutrition in older adults is essential, as nutritional deficiencies are common in this population. This review aims to summarize the benefits and risks of nutritional supplementation in the older adult population including the efficacy of various supplements, their risks, and common drug interactions with frequently prescribed medications. RECENT FINDINGS In recent years, a growing percentage of older adults have been found to take multiple daily nutritional supplements. This population has complex nutritional needs due to the physiology of aging and the presence of comorbidities. However, many primary care providers are unaware of the benefits and drawbacks of nutritional supplementation in the elderly. This review summarizes the current literature to provide more clarity to providers on how to support this population's nutritional needs. Nutritional supplementation is essential for elderly populations who may not be able to obtain adequate nutrition from dietary sources. Supplements vary widely in efficacy and safety. As such, supplementation should be individualized and guided by a qualified healthcare provider to ensure patients receive effective, beneficial nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista L Haines
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | | | - Stephanie Lumpkin
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Scott Gallagher
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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YULUĞ B, ÖZŞİMŞEK A, ÖZDEMİR ÖKTEM E. Investigation of the Effect of Antiepileptics on Vitamin D and Calcium Levels. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2022. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.1116431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of our study is to investigate Vitamin D and calcium levels in epilepsy patients using different antiepileptic agents and to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and various factors such as the type of antiepileptic agent, patient age and gender.
Methodology: This retrospective case-control study enrolled a total of 290 participants, including 141 epilepsy patients followed up in AlanyaAlaaddinKeykubat University neurology outpatient clinic and 150 healthy individuals who applied to the neurology outpatient clinic for different reasons from January 2018 to January 2021. Demographics, detailed history, use of medications, duration of antiepileptic use, plasma 25-hydroxy Vitamin D and calcium levels of all participants were recorded.
Results: The average Vitamin D level was 15.46 in the epilepsy group and 16.95 in the control group. Vitamin D level did not differ significantly by group (p>0.05). No significant relationship was found between age and vitamin D levels in both groups, and Vitamin D levels were statistically significantly lower in women in the epilepsy group. Vitamin D level was below 20 in 69.6% of healthy control group, 78.9% of carbamazepine users, 62.5% of lacosamide users, all lamotrigine users, 66.7% of levatiracetam users, and 72.4% of sodium valproate users. There was no significant relationship between Vitamin D level and the drug used (p>0.05).There was a significant relationship only between calcium level and carbamazepine (p
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Schutte D, Vasilakes J, Bompelli A, Zhou Y, Fiszman M, Xu H, Kilicoglu H, Bishop JR, Adam T, Zhang R. Discovering novel drug-supplement interactions using SuppKG generated from the biomedical literature. J Biomed Inform 2022; 131:104120. [PMID: 35709900 PMCID: PMC9335448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2022.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Develop a novel methodology to create a comprehensive knowledge graph (SuppKG) to represent a domain with limited coverage in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), specifically dietary supplement (DS) information for discovering drug-supplement interactions (DSI), by leveraging biomedical natural language processing (NLP) technologies and a DS domain terminology. Materials and Methods: We created SemRepDS (an extension of an NLP tool, SemRep), capable of extracting semantic relations from abstracts by leveraging a DS-specific terminology (iDISK) containing 28,884 DS terms not found in the UMLS. PubMed abstracts were processed using SemRepDS to generate semantic relations, which were then filtered using a PubMedBERT model to remove incorrect relations before generating SuppKG. Two discovery pathways were applied to SuppKG to identify potential DSIs, which are then compared with an existing DSI database and also evaluated by medical professionals for mechanistic plausibility. Results: SemRepDS returned 158.5% more DS entities and 206.9% more DS relations than SemRep. The fine-tuned PubMedBERT model (significantly outperformed other machine learning and BERT models) obtained an F1 score of 0.8605 and removed 43.86% of semantic relations, improving the precision of the relations by 26.4% over pre-filtering. SuppKG consists of 56,635 nodes and 595,222 directed edges with 2,928 DS-specific nodes and 164,738 edges. Manual review of findings identified 182 of 250 (72.8%) proposed DS-Gene-Drug and 77 of 100 (77%) proposed DS-Gene1-Function-Gene2-Drug pathways to be mechanistically plausible. Discussion: With added DS terminology to the UMLS, SemRepDS has the capability to find more DS-specific semantic relationships from PubMed than SemRep. The utility of the resulting SuppKG was demonstrated using discovery patterns to find novel DSIs. Conclusion: For the domain with limited coverage in the traditional terminology (e.g., UMLS), we demonstrated an approach to leverage domain terminology and improve existing NLP tools to generate a more comprehensive knowledge graph for the downstream task. Even this study focuses on DSI, the method may be adapted to other domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalton Schutte
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jake Vasilakes
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; National Centre for Text Mining, School of Computer Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anu Bompelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yuqi Zhou
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marcelo Fiszman
- NITES - Núcleo de Inovação e Tecnologia Em Saúde, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hua Xu
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Halil Kilicoglu
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Terrence Adam
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of ergothioneine, an endogenous organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 substrate, in rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022; 52:341-351. [PMID: 35291466 PMCID: PMC8911105 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on the expression levels of organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (OCTN1) as well as the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of ergothioneine, an OCTN1 substrate, in rats. Methods Rats pretreated with 1,25(OH)2D3 (2.56 nmol/kg/day) for four days were administered ergothioneine (2 mg/kg) intravenously. The expression levels of rat OCTN1 (rOCTN1) in organs were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Ergothioneine levels in plasma, urine, and organs (with and without intravenous injection of exogenous ergothioneine) were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results 1,25(OH)2D3 pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease in rOCTN1 mRNA expression levels in the kidney and brain, a significant increase in basal plasma levels of ergothioneine (from 48 h), and a significant decrease in the tissue-plasma partition coefficient (Kp) in all tissues (except the heart and lungs) and the basal urine levels of ergothioneine. After intravenous administration, the pharmacokinetic profiles of ergothioneine were consistent with the basal levels of endogenous ergothioneine, with an increase in AUC∞ by 85%, a significant decrease in total clearance by 49%, and a decrease in Vss by 32% in 1,25(OH)2D3-treated rats. The Kp value and urinary recovery of ergothioneine also decreased in the 1,25(OH)2D3-treated group. Conclusion This study showed the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the expression and function of rOCTN1 by investigating the interaction between 1,25(OH)2D3 and ergothioneine. Dose adjustment and possible changes in bioavailability should be considered before the co-administration of vitamin D or its active forms and OCTN1 substrates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40005-022-00563-1.
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Robbins RN, Serra M, Ranjit N, Hoelscher DM, Sweitzer SJ, Briley ME. Efficacy of various prescribed vitamin D supplementation regimens on 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels in long-term care. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:82-89. [PMID: 33845929 PMCID: PMC8144812 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021001609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine the efficacy among various vitamin D supplementation regimens on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and determine the minimal dose rate required to achieve sufficient serum concentrations (≥75 nmol/l) among older adults in long-term care (LTC). DESIGN A 1-year medical history was abstracted from medical records, and a one-time blood draw to measure serum 25(OH)D concentrations was obtained. Individuals were stratified into vitamin D-supplemented and non-supplemented groups. The supplemented group was further categorised into four treatment forms: single-ingredient vitamin D2or3, multivitamin, Ca with vitamin D or combination of the three, and by daily prescribed doses: 0-9·9, 10-19·9, 20-49·9, 50-99·9 and >100 μg/d. SETTING Five LTC communities in Austin, Texas. PARTICIPANTS One hundred seventy-three older (≥65 years) adults. RESULTS Of the participants, 62% received a vitamin D supplement and 55% had insufficient (≤75 nmol/l) 25(OH)D serum concentrations. Individuals receiving single-ingredient vitamin D2or3 supplementation received the highest daily vitamin D mean dose (72·5 μg/d), while combination of forms was the most frequent treatment (44%) with the highest mean serum concentration (108 nmol/l). All supplementation doses were successful at reaching sufficient serum concentrations, except those<20 μg/d. Using a prediction model, it was observed that 0·025 μg/d of vitamin D supplementation resulted in a 0·008 nmol/l increase in serum 25(OH)D concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Based on the predictive equation, results suggest that supplementation of 37·5 μg/d of vitamin D2or3 or combination of vitamin D is most likely to achieve sufficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations in older adults in LTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronna N Robbins
- The University of Texas at Austin, Nutritional Sciences School of Human Ecology, 200 W. 24th Street, GEA 331, Austin, TX78712, USA
| | - Monica Serra
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine and the Sam & Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity & Aging Studies, Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- San Antonio GRECC, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Deanna M Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sara J Sweitzer
- The University of Texas at Austin, Nutritional Sciences School of Human Ecology, 200 W. 24th Street, GEA 331, Austin, TX78712, USA
| | - Margaret E Briley
- The University of Texas at Austin, Nutritional Sciences School of Human Ecology, 200 W. 24th Street, GEA 331, Austin, TX78712, USA
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Kondratyeva EI, Odinaeva ND, Klimov LY, Podchernyaeva NS, Ilenkova NI, Dolbnya SV, Zhekaite EK, Kuryaninova VA, Kotova YV, Tikhaya MI, Shitkovskaya EP, Bychina LV, Drepa TG, Zodbinova AE, Melyanovskaya YL, Petrova NV, Loshkova EV, Kutsev SI. Vitamin D Status Among Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Multicenter Prospective, Non-randomized, Comparative Study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:915943. [PMID: 35967569 PMCID: PMC9368197 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.915943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by destructive and inflammatory damage to the joints. The aim in this study was to compare vitamin D levels between children and adolescents, 1-18 years of age, with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and a health control group of peers. We considered effects of endogenous, exogenous, and genetic factors on measured differences in vitamin D levels among children with JIA. METHODS Our findings are based on a study sample of 150 patients with various variants of JIA and 277 healthy children. The blood level of vitamin D was assessed by calcidiol level. The following factors were included in our analysis: age and sex; level of insolation in three regions of country (center, south, north); assessment of dietary intake of vitamin D; effect of prophylactic doses of cholecalciferol; a relationship between the TaqI, FokI, and BsmI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and serum 25(OH)D concentration. RESULTS We identified a high frequency of low vitamin D among children with JIA, prevalence of 66%, with the medial level of vitamin D being within the range of "insufficient" vitamin D. We also show that the dietary intake of vitamin D by children with JIA is well below expected norms, and that prophylactic doses of vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol) at a dose of 500-1,000 IU/day and 1,500-2,000 IU/day do not meet the vitamin D needs of children with JIA. Of importance, we show that vitamin D levels among children with JIA are not affected by clinical therapies to manage the disease nor by the present of VDR genetic variants. CONCLUSION Prophylactic administration of cholecalciferol and season of year play a determining role in the development of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Kondratyeva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,Research Clinical Institute for Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nuriniso D Odinaeva
- Research Clinical Institute for Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Natalya I Ilenkova
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Elena K Zhekaite
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,Research Clinical Institute for Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Yuliya V Kotova
- Research Clinical Institute for Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Elena P Shitkovskaya
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Liubov V Bychina
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Yuliya L Melyanovskaya
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,Research Clinical Institute for Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Elena V Loshkova
- Research Clinical Institute for Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
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Cusato J, Bertani L, Antonucci M, Tomasello C, Caviglia GP, Dibitetto S, Massano A, Mangia M, Mula J, Ceccarelli L, Costa F, Zanzi F, Astegiano M, Ribaldone DG, D’Avolio A. Vitamin D-Related Genetics as Predictive Biomarker of Clinical Remission in Adalimumab-Treated Patients Affected by Crohn's Disease: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121230. [PMID: 34959633 PMCID: PMC8706953 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adalimumab (ADA) is a human anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) monoclonal antibody used in inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s disease (CD). Vitamin-D (VD) is important for biological functions, such as the modulation of expression of genes encoding enzymes and transporters involved in drug metabolism and transport. ADA trough levels were associated with VD concentrations in patients with IBD, but no data are present in the literature concerning VD pathway-related gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in affecting clinical outcomes. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of VD-related genetics to predict clinical remission at 3 and 12 months in patients affected by CD treated with ADA. Patients affected by CD were included in this study. SNPs in CYP27B1, CYP24A1, GC, and VDR genes were analyzed through real-time PCR. A total of 63 patients were enrolled. Calprotectin, hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein levels were influenced by SNPs in VDR, CYP27B1, and GC genes. After 3 months of therapy, clinical remission was predicted by smoke, systemic steroids, and VDR BsmI, whereas at 12 months by GC 1296AA/AC and VD supplementation. This study reports the association between VD pathway-related genetics and ADA treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm these promising data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cusato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (G.P.C.); Tel.: +39-011-4393867 (J.C.); Fax: +39-011-4393996 (J.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Bertani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.B.); (F.Z.)
| | - Miriam Antonucci
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Cristina Tomasello
- S.C. Farmacie Ospedaliere-Ospedale M.Vittoria-ASL Città di Torino, 10144 Turin, Italy;
| | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (G.P.C.); Tel.: +39-011-4393867 (J.C.); Fax: +39-011-4393996 (J.C.)
| | - Simone Dibitetto
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Alessandro Massano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Michela Mangia
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Jacopo Mula
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Linda Ceccarelli
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Federico Zanzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.B.); (F.Z.)
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Marco Astegiano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.D.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Antonio D’Avolio
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera, 164, 10149 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (J.M.); (A.D.)
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Adamska-Tomaszewska D, Kocełak P, Owczarek AJ, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Chudek J. Factors affecting vitamin D status in outpatients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and peripheral artery disease- a single centre study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3161-3166. [PMID: 34518086 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is considered an important risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms. The deficiency is claimed to enhance degeneration and remodeling of collagen and elastin fibers in the artery wall, leading to its weakening and progressive dilatation. This study aimed to assess vitamin D status, in outpatients with abdominal aneurysms (AAA) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) not treated with VD, and factors affecting serum 25-OH-D levels. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study involved 59 outpatients with AAA and 150 with PAD. AAA was defined as local dilation of the aorta diameter >30 mm in imaging. None of the patients was prescribed VD containing medicines. Serum 25-OH, iPTH, phosphorus and calcium levels were assessed in all study participants. VD status was categorized according to commonly used cut-offs for serum 25-OH-D (<20 ng/mL - deficiency, <30 ng/mL -insufficiency). Serum 25-OH-D levels were similar in patient with AAA and PAD [1-3Q: 26.2 (18.8-37.6) vs 21.8 (15.9-31.4) ng/mL; p = 0.30], with deficiency noted in 25.4% with AAA and 41.8% with PAD (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that VD deficiency was explained by past stroke episodes [OR = 2.80 (95%CI: 1.22-6.41)]. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in 1.7% of patients with AAA and 1.9% with PAD. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of VD deficiency in outpatient with AAA is not greater than in those with PAD. Past stroke episode is associated with an increased occurrence of VD deficiency in both outpatients with AAA and PAD other than sun exposure and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Adamska-Tomaszewska
- Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, The Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland; Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kocełak
- Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, The Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander J Owczarek
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, The Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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20
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Wakeman M. A Literature Review of the Potential Impact of Medication on Vitamin D Status. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:3357-3381. [PMID: 34421316 PMCID: PMC8373308 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s316897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in media coverage of the putative actions of vitamin D as well as the possible health benefits that supplementation might deliver. However, the potential effect that medications may have on the vitamin D status is rarely taken into consideration. This literature review was undertaken to assess the degree to which vitamin D status may be affected by medication. Electronic databases were searched to identify literature relating to this subject, and study characteristics and conclusions were scrutinized for evidence of potential associations. The following groups of drugs were identified in one or more studies to affect vitamin D status in some way: anti-epileptics, laxatives, metformin, loop diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, statins, calcium channel blockers, antagonists of vitamin K, platelet aggregation inhibitors, digoxin, potassium-sparing diuretics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, proton pump inhibitors, histamine H2-receptor antagonists, bile acid sequestrants, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, sulphonamides and urea derivatives, lipase inhibitors, hydroxychloroquine, highly active antiretroviral agents, and certain chemotherapeutic agents. Given that the quality of the data is heterogeneous, newer, more robustly designed studies are required to better define likely interactions between vitamin D and medications. This is especially so for cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme (CYP3A4)-metabolized medications. Nevertheless, this review suggests that providers of health care ought to be alert to the potential of vitamin D depletions induced by medications, especially in elderly people exposed to multiple-drug therapy, and to provide supplementation if required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wakeman
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
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21
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Lumme JE, Savukoski SM, Suvanto ETJ, Pesonen PRO, Auvinen JP, Sebert S, Hyppönen E, Järvelin MR, Puukka KS, Herzig KH, Oura P, Ojaniemi M, Niinimäki M. Early-onset climacterium is not associated with impaired vitamin D status: a population-based study. Menopause 2021; 28:899-908. [PMID: 33950031 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate vitamin D status in women with the onset of the climacteric phase by age 46 as both early menopause and inadequate vitamin D status may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes. METHODS A cross-sectional study included 2,544, 46-year-old women from a birth cohort. Women were divided into the following two groups according to their menstrual history and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration: 1) climacteric (FSH ≥25 IU/L and amenorrhea ≥4 mo, n = 351) and 2) preclimacteric women (FSH <25 IU/L and having regular/irregular menstrual cycles, n = 2,193). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were compared between the groups. A linear regression model was performed to investigate which factors are associated with 25(OH)D status. RESULTS Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were higher in climacteric compared with preclimacteric women (68.1 ± 19.8 nmol/L vs 65.2 ± 19.3 nmol/L, P = 0.01). However, in the linear regression model, climacteric status was not associated with 25(OH)D status (multivariable adjusted mean difference 4.5 nmol/L, 95% confidence interval -1.4 to 10.4, P = 0.137). A total of 76 of the climacteric women were using systemic estrogen hormone therapy (HT). In a subanalysis, including only climacteric women, the use of HT was associated with higher 25(OH)D status (multivariable adjusted mean difference 5.9 nmol/L, 95% confidence interval 1.3-10.5, P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS The onset of the climacteric phase by age 46 was not associated with inadequate 25(OH)D concentrations, whereas HT use was associated with higher 25(OH)D status in women with early-onset climacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna E Lumme
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Susanna M Savukoski
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eila T J Suvanto
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Paula R O Pesonen
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha P Auvinen
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Centre for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Oulunkaari Health Center, Ii, Finland
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Centre for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Elina Hyppönen
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Cancer Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Centre for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - Katri S Puukka
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- NordLab Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Petteri Oura
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Centre for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maarit Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Kupisz-Urbańska M, Płudowski P, Marcinowska-Suchowierska E. Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Patients-Problems of Sarcopenia, Drug Interactions, Management in Deficiency. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041247. [PMID: 33920130 PMCID: PMC8069639 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency frequently occurs in older people, especially in individuals with comorbidity and polypharmacotherapy. In this group, low vitamin D plasma concentration is related to osteoporosis, osteomalacia, sarcopenia and myalgia. Vitamin D levels in humans is an effect of the joint interaction of all vitamin D metabolic pathways. Therefore, all factors interfering with individual metabolic stages may affect 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma concentration. The known factors affecting vitamin D metabolism interfere with cytochrome CYP3A4 activity. There is another group of factors that impairs intestinal vitamin D absorption. The phenomenon of drugs and vitamin D interactions is observed first and foremost in patients with comorbidity. This is a typical situation, where the absence of "hard evidence" is not synonymous with the possible lack of adverse effects. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia (generalized and progressive decrease of skeletal muscle mass and strength) are some of the musculoskeletal consequences of hypovitaminosis D. These consequences are related to an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including bone fractures, physical disabilities, and a lower quality of life. This can lead not only to an increased risk of falls and fractures but is also one of the main causes of frailty syndrome in the aging population. Generally, Vitamin D plasma concentration is significantly lower in subjects with osteoporosis and muscle deterioration. In some observational and uncontrolled treatment studies, vitamin D supplementation resulted in a reduction of proximal myopathy and muscle pain. The most conclusive results were found in subjects with severe vitamin D deficiency and in patients avoiding large doses of vitamin D. However, the role of vitamin D in muscle pathologies is not clear and research has provided conflicting results. This is plausibly due to the heterogeneity of the subjects, vitamin D doses and environmental factors. This report presents data on some problems with vitamin D deficiency in the elderly population and the management of vitamin D deficiency D in successful or unsuccessful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paweł Płudowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
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23
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Petersen MJ, Bergien SO, Staerk D. A systematic review of possible interactions for herbal medicines and dietary supplements used concomitantly with disease-modifying or symptom-alleviating multiple sclerosis drugs. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3610-3631. [PMID: 33624893 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system, with no curative medicine available. The use of herbal drugs and dietary supplements is increasing among people with MS (PwMS), raising a need for knowledge about potential interactions between conventional MS medicine and herbal drugs/dietary supplements. This systematic review provides information about the safety of simultaneous use of conventional MS-drugs and herbal drugs frequently used by PwMS. The study included 14 selected disease-modifying treatments and drugs frequently used for symptom-alleviation. A total of 129 published papers found via PubMed and Web of Science were reviewed according to defined inclusion- and exclusion criteria. Findings suggested that daily recommended doses of Panax ginseng and Ginkgo biloba should not be exceeded, and herbal preparations differing from standardized products should be avoided, especially when combined with anticoagulants or substrates of certain cytochrome P450 isoforms. Further studies are required regarding ginseng's ability to increase aspirin bioavailability. Combinations between chronic cannabis use and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs should be carefully monitored, whereas no significant evidence for drug-interactions between conventional MS-drugs and ginger, cranberry, vitamin D, fatty acids, turmeric, probiotics or glucosamine was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene J Petersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Turrubiates-Hernández FJ, Sánchez-Zuno GA, González-Estevez G, Hernández-Bello J, Macedo-Ojeda G, Muñoz-Valle JF. Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:32. [PMID: 33537824 PMCID: PMC7891829 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the world is under a pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease is characterized by a respiratory syndrome that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. To date, limited effective therapies are available for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19; therefore, it is necessary to propose novel treatment options with immunomodulatory effects. Vitamin D serves functions in bone health and has been recently reported to exert protective effects against respiratory infections. Observational studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and a poor prognosis of COVID-19; this is alarming as vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. In Latin America, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is unknown, and currently, this region is in the top 10 according to the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Supplementation with vitamin D may be a useful adjunctive treatment for the prevention of COVID-19 complications. The present review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of COVID-19 and sets out vitamin D recommendations for the Latin American population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Guillermo González-Estevez
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Jorge Hernández-Bello
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Gabriela Macedo-Ojeda
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
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25
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Di Luigi L, Antinozzi C, Piantanida E, Sgrò P. Vitamin D, sport and health: a still unresolved clinical issue. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1689-1702. [PMID: 32632904 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01347-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D metabolites have a pleiotropic role in human physiology, both in static and dynamic conditions, and a lot of vitamin D-related biological effects could influence physical and sport performances in athletes. Probably due to different factors (e.g., drugs, doping, nutrition, ultraviolet B radiation exposure), in athletes a very high prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy (i.e., deficiency or insufficiency) has been observed. Vitamin D inadequacy in athletes could be associated with specific health risks and to alterations of functional capacities, potentially influencing the fine adjustment of physical performances during training and sport competitions. When risk factors for vitamin D inadequacy exist, a preventive vitamin D supplementation is indicated, and if a vitamin D inadequacy is diagnosed, its supplementation is recommended. Unfortunately, on these issues many concerns remain unresolved. Indeed, it is not clear if athletes should be classified as a special population at increased risk for vitamin D inadequacy; moreover, in comparison to the non-athletic population, it is still not clear if athletes should have different reference ranges and different optimal target levels for serum vitamin D, if they have additional health risks, and if they need different type of supplementations (doses) for prevention and/or replacement therapy. Moreover, in athletes also the abuse of vitamin D supplements for ergogenic purposes raise different ethical and safety concerns. In this review, the main physio-pathological, functional and clinical issues that relate vitamin D to the world of athletes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Luigi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Roma "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135, Rome, Italy.
| | - C Antinozzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Roma "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - E Piantanida
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via Ravasi 2, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - P Sgrò
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Roma "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135, Rome, Italy
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26
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Naureen G, Sanders KM, Busija L, Scott D, Lim K, Talevski J, Connaughton C, Brennan-Olsen SL. Prediction models and questionnaires developed to predict vitamin D status in adults: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2287-2302. [PMID: 32662035 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review of prediction models/questionnaires developed to identify people with deficient/insufficient vitamin D status shows the potential of self-reported information to estimate vitamin D status. The objective is to identify and compare existing screening tools, developed to identify vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in adults. A systematic search of literature was conducted using MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. Risk of bias and applicability concerns were assessed by quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2). Data were extracted on socio-demographic, anthropometric, risk factors, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, statistical methods and predictive ability. A total of 12 studies were considered for inclusion for this systematic review after screening of 4851 abstracts and 15 full-text articles. Ten of twelve studies developed prediction models and 2 studies developed questionnaires. The majority of studies had low risk of bias and applicability as assessed by QUADAS-2. All studies included only self-reported predictors of vitamin D status in their final models and development of scores. Sunlight exposure and related factors were important significant contributors to the predictive ability of the models and/or questionnaires. Sensitivity and specificity of the prediction models or questionnaires ranged from 55 to 91% and 35 to 84%, respectively. Six out of twelve studies converted final models to scores associated with vitamin D status. There was no evidence that any of these existing tools have been translated into clinical practice. The prediction models or questionnaires identified in this systematic review were moderately sensitive and specific for identifying people with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The substantial contribution of sunlight exposure to the prediction of vitamin D status highlights the importance of including this information when developing vitamin D screening tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Naureen
- Level 3, Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia.
| | - K M Sanders
- Level 3, Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
| | - L Busija
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, St Kilda, VIC, Australia
| | - D Scott
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - K Lim
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J Talevski
- Level 3, Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - C Connaughton
- Level 3, Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Academic Centre for Health, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - S L Brennan-Olsen
- Level 3, Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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27
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Raghunath K, Sumathi C, Rajappa SJ, Mohan MVTK, Kumar U, Shaik U, Botlagunta M. Impact of naturopathy, yoga, and dietary interventions as adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of stage II and III adenocarcinoma of the colon. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:2309-2322. [PMID: 32852611 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Naturopathy, Yoga and Dietary interventions are known to improve the quality of life in cancer patients. We aim to evaluate the effect of naturopathy interventions along with adjuvant chemotherapy in patients who underwent surgery for Adenocarcinoma of the Colon. METHODS A total of 116 adult patients were randomised in to one of the two groups; the experimental group received naturopathy, Yoga and Dietary interventions and the control group received psycho-social counselling in addition to standard chemotherapy. Haematological, biochemical and psychological evaluations were performed at set intervals during a total period of eighteen months starting from the first cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS Results showed that the overall hemoglobin (p < 0.0001) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (p = 0.0038) levels were statistically significant in patients on the experimental arm. The rest of the laboratory parameters, viz. total leukocyte count, platelet counts, and serum creatinine levels, for overall data was not statistically significant in both the groups. Psychological attributes such as anxiety, depression, symptom severity, and Functional Living Index: Cancer (FLIC) were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001) in the experimental subjects as compared with those in the control. On the whole, men benefited more than women from the study interventions. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that Yoga and Naturopathy interventions in addition to chemotherapy show improvement in overall functional life index along with improvement in haemoglobin in patients with stages II and III Adenocarcinoma of Colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Raghunath
- Department of Academics, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Ch Sumathi
- Department of Naturopathy and Yoga - Addlife, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Senthil J Rajappa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M V T Krishna Mohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Uday Kumar
- Department of Naturopathy and Yoga - Addlife, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ummar Shaik
- Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Kerala, Affiliated to Cochin University, Cochin, India
| | - Mahendran Botlagunta
- Department of Indo American Cancer Research Foundation, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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28
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Riccardi C, Perrone L, Napolitano F, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Understanding the Biological Activities of Vitamin D in Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Design. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2965. [PMID: 33066259 PMCID: PMC7602022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone playing a pivotal role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis as well as in bone health. Vitamin D levels are not exclusively dependent on food intake. Indeed, the endogenous production-occurring in the skin and dependent on sun exposure-contributes to the majority amount of vitamin D present in the body. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are ubiquitous and drive the expression of hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D has tremendously grown and its role in different diseases has been extensively studied. Several investigations indicated that vitamin D action extends far beyond bone health and calcium metabolism, showing broad effects on a variety of critical illnesses, including cancer, infections, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological studies indicated that low circulating vitamin D levels inversely correlate with cutaneous manifestations and bone abnormalities, clinical hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant tumour predisposition syndrome causing significant pain and morbidity, for which limited treatment options are available. In this context, vitamin D or its analogues have been used to treat both skin and bone lesions in NF1 patients, alone or combined with other therapeutic agents. Here we provide an overview of vitamin D, its characteristic nutritional properties relevant for health benefits and its role in NF1 disorder. We focus on preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrated the clinical correlation between vitamin D status and NF1 disease, thus providing important insights into disease pathogenesis and new opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, BioLife Building (015-00), 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a major public health threat in most countries. The causative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and result in mortality in COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D is an immunomodulator hormone with established effectiveness against various upper respiratory infections. Vitamin D can stall hyper-inflammatory responses and expedite healing process of the affected areas, primarily in the lung tissue. Thus, there are ecological and mechanistic reasons to promote exploration of vitamin D action in COVID-19 patients. As no curative drugs are available currently for COVID-19, we feel that the potential of vitamin D to alter the course of disease severity needs to be investigated. Clinical studies may be undertaken to address the value of vitamin D supplementation in deficient, high-risk COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mradul Mohan
- Parasite-Host Biology Group, National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jerin Jose Cherian
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Parasite-Host Biology Group, National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
- Structural Parasitology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Habib AM, Nagi K, Thillaiappan NB, Sukumaran V, Akhtar S. Vitamin D and Its Potential Interplay With Pain Signaling Pathways. Front Immunol 2020; 11:820. [PMID: 32547536 PMCID: PMC7270292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
About 50 million of the U.S. adult population suffer from chronic pain. It is a complex disease in its own right for which currently available analgesics have been deemed woefully inadequate since ~20% of the sufferers derive no benefit. Vitamin D, known for its role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, is thought to be of clinical benefit in treating chronic pain without the side-effects of currently available analgesics. A strong correlation between hypovitaminosis D and incidence of bone pain is known. However, the potential underlying mechanisms by which vitamin D might exert its analgesic effects are poorly understood. In this review, we discuss pathways involved in pain sensing and processing primarily at the level of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and the potential interplay between vitamin D, its receptor (VDR) and known specific pain signaling pathways including nerve growth factor (NGF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and opioid receptors. We also discuss how vitamin D/VDR might influence immune cells and pain sensitization as well as review the increasingly important topic of vitamin D toxicity. Further in vitro and in vivo experimental studies will be required to study these potential interactions specifically in pain models. Such studies could highlight the potential usefulness of vitamin D either alone or in combination with existing analgesics to better treat chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Saghir Akhtar
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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31
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Nutraceutical support in heart failure: a position paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP). Nutr Res Rev 2020; 33:155-179. [PMID: 32172721 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422420000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome that represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Several nutraceuticals have shown interesting clinical results in HF prevention as well as in the treatment of the early stages of the disease, alone or in combination with pharmacological therapy. The aim of the present expert opinion position paper is to summarise the available clinical evidence on the role of phytochemicals in HF prevention and/or treatment that might be considered in those patients not treated optimally as well as in those with low therapy adherence. The level of evidence and the strength of recommendation of particular HF treatment options were weighed up and graded according to predefined scales. A systematic search strategy was developed to identify trials in PubMed (January 1970 to June 2019). The terms 'nutraceuticals', 'dietary supplements', 'herbal drug' and 'heart failure' or 'left verntricular dysfunction' were used in the literature search. The experts discussed and agreed on the recommendation levels. Available clinical trials reported that the intake of some nutraceuticals (hawthorn, coenzyme Q10, l-carnitine, d-ribose, carnosine, vitamin D, probiotics, n-3 PUFA and beet nitrates) might be associated with improvements in self-perceived quality of life and/or functional parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume and cardiac output in HF patients, with minimal or no side effects. Those benefits tended to be greater in earlier HF stages. Available clinical evidence supports the usefulness of supplementation with some nutraceuticals to improve HF management in addition to evidence-based pharmacological therapy.
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32
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Effects of vitamin D on drugs: Response and disposal. Nutrition 2020; 74:110734. [PMID: 32179384 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation and vitamin D deficiency are common in clinical experience and in daily life. Vitamin D not only promotes calcium absorption and immune regulation, but also changes drug effects (pharmacodynamics and adverse reactions) and drug disposal in vivo when combined with various commonly used clinical drugs. The extensive physiological effects of vitamin D may cause synergism effects or alleviation of adverse reactions, and vitamin D's affect on drugs in vivo disposal through drug transporters or metabolic enzymes may also lead to changes in drug effects. Herein, the effects of vitamin D combined with commonly used drugs were reviewed from the perspective of drug efficacy and adverse reactions. The effects of vitamin D on drug transport and metabolism were summarized and analyzed. Hopefully, more attention will be paid to vitamin D supplementation and deficiency in clinical treatment and drug research and development.
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Infante M, Ricordi C, Padilla N, Alvarez A, Linetsky E, Lanzoni G, Mattina A, Bertuzzi F, Fabbri A, Baidal D, Alejandro R. The Role of Vitamin D and Omega-3 PUFAs in Islet Transplantation. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2937. [PMID: 31816979 PMCID: PMC6950335 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence of autoimmunity and allograft rejection represent major challenges that impact the success of islet transplantation. Despite the remarkable improvements achieved in immunosuppression strategies after the publication of the Edmonton protocol, long-term data of intra-hepatic islet transplantation show a gradual decline in beta-cell function. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the investigation of novel, safe and effective anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory strategies able to promote long-term islet graft survival and notable improvements in clinical outcomes of islet transplant recipients. Vitamin D has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Pre-clinical studies investigating the use of vitamin D and its analogs (alone or in combination with immunosuppressive agents and/or other anti-inflammatory agents, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) showed beneficial results in terms of islet graft survival and prevention of recurrence of autoimmunity/allograft rejection in animal models of syngeneic and allogeneic islet transplantation. Moreover, epidemiologic studies demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent after solid organ transplantation (e.g., heart, liver or kidney transplantation). However, studies that critically assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among islet transplant recipients have yet to be conducted. In addition, prospective studies aimed to address the safety and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant immunomodulatory strategy in islet transplant recipients are lacking and are therefore awaited in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Infante
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Nathalia Padilla
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Ana Alvarez
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Elina Linetsky
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Cell Transplant Center, cGMP Cell Processing Facility, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Giacomo Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Alessandro Mattina
- Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), UPMC, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | | | - Andrea Fabbri
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - David Baidal
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Rodolfo Alejandro
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.R.); (N.P.); (A.A.); (G.L.); (D.B.); (R.A.)
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Gu JK, Charles LE, Millen AE, Violanti JM, Ma CC, Jenkins E, Andrew ME. Associations between adiposity measures and 25-hydroxyvitamin D among police officers. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23274. [PMID: 31565838 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies show that serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a biomarker for vitamin D status, are lower in persons with higher adiposity levels and that police officers have been found to have a high prevalence of obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between several adiposity measures and 25(OH)D, and also compare those measures to determine the best one that predicts insufficiency of 25(OH)D (<20 ng/mL) among police officers in the Northeast area of the United States. METHODS Participants were 281 police officers (71.5% men) from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study (2011-2016). Associations of body mass index (BMI), abdominal height (AbHt), waist circumference (WC), WC-to-height ratio (WCHtR), percent body fat (PBF), and fat mass index (FMI) with 25(OH)D were obtained using multiple regression models after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, season, multivitamin supplement use, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of each adiposity measure to identify insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations. RESULTS The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was 50.7% in men and 21.3% in women. Mean levels of 25(OH)D were 32.4 ng/mL in men and 34.4 ng/mL in women. After adjustment for covariates, PBF and FMI among men were inversely associated with 25(OH)D: PBF (β ± SE = -2.40 ± 1.01, P = .018); FMI (-2.21 ± 0.93, .018). Among women, no adiposity measure was associated with 25(OH)D. PBF was the best predictor of insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations regardless of gender (AUC = 0.878). CONCLUSION Adiposity measures were inversely associated with 25(OH)D, but differed between female and male officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja K Gu
- Bioanalylics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Luenda E Charles
- Bioanalylics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Amy E Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - John M Violanti
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Claudia C Ma
- Bioanalylics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Emily Jenkins
- Bioanalylics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Michael E Andrew
- Bioanalylics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Verma A, Cohen DJ, Schwartz N, Muktipaty C, Koblinski JE, Boyan BD, Schwartz Z. 24R,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 regulates breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1498-1512. [PMID: 31125679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies indicate high serum 25(OH)D3 is associated with increased survival in breast cancer patients. Pre-clinical studies attributed this to anti-tumorigenic properties of its metabolite 1α,25(OH)2D3. However, 1α,25(OH)2D3 is highly calcemic and thus has a narrow therapeutic window. Here we propose another metabolite, 24R,25(OH)2D3, as an alternative non-calcemic vitamin D3 supplement. METHODS NOD-SCID-IL2γR null female mice with MCF7 breast cancer xenografts in the mammary fat pad were treated with 24R,25(OH)2D3 and changes in tumor burden and metastases were assessed. ERα66+ MCF7 and T47D cells, and ERα66- HCC38 cells were treated with 24R,25(OH)2D3in vitro to assess effects on proliferation and apoptosis. Effects on migration and metastatic markers were assessed in MCF7. RESULTS 24R,25(OH)2D3 reduced MCF7 tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. In vitro results indicate that this was not due to an anti-proliferative effect; 24R,25(OH)2D3 stimulated DNA synthesis in MCF7 and T47D. In contrast, markers of invasion and metastasis were decreased. 24R,25(OH)2D3 caused dose-dependent increases in apoptosis in MCF7 and T47D, but not HCC38 cells. Inhibitors to palmitoylation, caveolae integrity, phospholipase-D, and estrogen receptors (ER) demonstrate that 24R,25(OH)2D3 acts on MCF7 cells through caveolae-associated, phospholipase D-dependent mechanisms via cross-talk with ERs. CONCLUSION These results indicate that 24R,25(OH)2D3 shows promise in treatment of breast cancer by stimulating tumor apoptosis and reducing metastasis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE 24R,25(OH)2D3 regulates breast cancer cell survival through ER-associated mechanisms similar to 24R,25(OH)2D3 effects on chondrocytes. Thus, 24R,25(OH)2D3 may modulate cell survival in other estrogen-responsive cell types, and its therapeutic potential should be investigated in ER-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Verma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - D Joshua Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Nofrat Schwartz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Meir Hospital, Tchernichovsky St 59, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Caroline Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chandana Muktipaty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Jennifer E Koblinski
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 N 13th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Massey Cancer Center, 401 College Street, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Barbara D Boyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Massey Cancer Center, 401 College Street, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, 313 Ferst Drive NW, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, VA, USA.
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Rao M, Ippolito G, Mfinanga S, Ntoumi F, Yeboah-Manu D, Vilaplana C, Zumla A, Maeurer M. Improving treatment outcomes for MDR-TB - Novel host-directed therapies and personalised medicine of the future. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 80S:S62-S67. [PMID: 30685590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a major threat to global health security. In 2017, only 50% of patients with MDR-TB who received WHO-recommended treatment were cured. Most MDR-TB patients who recover continue to suffer from functional disability due to long-term lung damage. Whilst new MDR-TB treatment regimens are becoming available, conventional drug therapies need to be complemented with host-directed therapies (HDTs) to reduce tissue damage and improve functional treatment outcomes. This viewpoint highlights recent data on biomarkers, immune cells, circulating effector molecules and genetics which could be utilised for developing personalised HDTs. Novel technologies currently used for cancer therapy which could facilitate in-depth understanding of host genetics and the microbiome in patients with MDR-TB are discussed. Against this background, personalised cell-based HDTs for adjunct MDR-TB treatment to improve clinical outcomes are proposed as a possibility for complementing standard therapy and other HDT agents. Insights into the molecular biology of the mechanisms of action of cellular HDTs may also aid to devise non-cell-based therapies targeting defined inflammatory pathway(s) in Mtb-driven immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rao
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sayoki Mfinanga
- National Institute of Medical Research Muhimbili, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Francine Ntoumi
- University Marien NGouabi and Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale (FCRM), Brazzaville, Congo; Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Cris Vilaplana
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit (UTE), Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Markus Maeurer
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Oncology and Haematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Abstract
Calcium is vital for life, and extracellular calcium concentrations must constantly be maintained within a precise concentration range. Low serum calcium (hypocalcemia) occurs in conjunction with multiple disorders and can be life-threatening if severe. Symptoms of acute hypocalcemia include neuromuscular irritability, tetany, and seizures, which are rapidly resolved with intravenous administration of calcium gluconate. However, disorders that lead to chronic hypocalcemia often have more subtle manifestations. Hypoparathyroidism, characterized by impaired secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), a key regulatory hormone for maintaining calcium homeostasis, is a classic cause of chronic hypocalcemia. Disorders that disrupt the metabolism of vitamin D can also lead to chronic hypocalcemia, as vitamin D is responsible for increasing the gut absorption of dietary calcium. Treatment and management options for chronic hypocalcemia vary depending on the underlying disorder. For example, in patients with hypoparathyroidism, calcium and vitamin D supplementation must be carefully titrated to avoid symptoms of hypocalcemia while keeping serum calcium in the low-normal range to minimize hypercalciuria, which can lead to renal dysfunction. Management of chronic hypocalcemia requires knowledge of the factors that influence the complex regulatory axes of calcium homeostasis in a given disorder. This chapter discusses common and rare disorders of hypocalcemia, symptoms and workup, and management options including replacement of PTH in hypoparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Bove-Fenderson
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Thier 1101, 50 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Michael Mannstadt
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Thier 1101, 50 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Cesareo R, Attanasio R, Caputo M, Castello R, Chiodini I, Falchetti A, Guglielmi R, Papini E, Santonati A, Scillitani A, Toscano V, Triggiani V, Vescini F, Zini M. Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian Chapter of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Position Statement: Clinical Management of Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050546. [PMID: 29702603 PMCID: PMC5986426 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is very common and prescriptions of both assay and supplementation are increasing more and more. Health expenditure is exponentially increasing, thus it is timely and appropriate to establish rules. The Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists appointed a task force to review literature about vitamin D deficiency in adults. Four topics were identified as worthy for the practicing clinicians. For each topic recommendations based on scientific evidence and clinical practice were issued according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) System. (1) What cut-off defines vitamin D deficiency: even though 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L) can be considered appropriate in the general population, we recommend to maintain levels above 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) in categories at risk. (2) Whom, when, and how to perform screening for vitamin D deficiency: categories at risk (patients with bone, liver, kidney diseases, obesity, malabsorption, during pregnancy and lactation, some elderly) but not healthy people should be screened by the 25-hydroxy-vitamin D assay. (3) Whom and how to treat vitamin D deficiency: beyond healthy lifestyle (mostly sun exposure), we recommend oral vitamin D (vitamin D2 or vitamin D3) supplementation in patients treated with bone active drugs and in those with demonstrated deficiency. Dosages, molecules and modalities of administration can be profitably individually tailored. (4) How to monitor the efficacy of treatment with vitamin D: no routine monitoring is suggested during vitamin D treatment due to its large therapeutic index. In particular conditions, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D can be assayed after at least a 6-month treatment. We are confident that this document will help practicing clinicians in their daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cesareo
- Department of Internal Medicine, "S. M. Goretti" Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy.
| | - Roberto Attanasio
- Endocrinology Service, Galeazzi Institute IRCCS, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Caputo
- Ospedale Classificato Villa Salus, 30174 Venezia Mestre, Italy.
| | - Roberto Castello
- General Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital, 37126 Verona, Italy.
| | - Iacopo Chiodini
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20149 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Falchetti
- Centro Hercolani and Villa Alba (GVM), 40123 Bologna and EndOsMet, Villa Donatello Private Hospital, 50132 Florence, Italy.
| | - Rinaldo Guglielmi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, 00041 Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrico Papini
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, 00041 Rome, Italy.
| | - Assunta Santonati
- Department of Endocrinology, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Scillitani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Toscano
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Roma, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Fabio Vescini
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 33010 Udine, Italy.
| | - Michele Zini
- Endocrinology Unit, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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39
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Antonucci R, Locci C, Clemente MG, Chicconi E, Antonucci L. Vitamin D deficiency in childhood: old lessons and current challenges. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:247-260. [PMID: 29397388 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2017-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D in childhood is a re-emerging public health problem in developed countries. New life style habits, current "epidemics" of obesity in children and adolescents worldwide, and other preventable risk factors may play a role in favoring the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency. In addition to skeletal consequences, hypovitaminosis D has been found to be involved in the development of serious health extra-skeletal problems in childhood, including atopy and autoimmunity. The increasing concerns about the global health impact of vitamin D deficiency make further research necessary to fill the gaps of knowledge in this field, and particularly to establish universally accepted "normal" serum 25(OH)D levels in the pediatric population, and to improve strategies for the screening, prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis D. This review discusses the key points of hypovitaminosis D in childhood in the light of new knowledge, and highlights the limitations of current strategies to control this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Antonucci
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cristian Locci
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Clemente
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elena Chicconi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luca Antonucci
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Kimball SM, Mirhosseini N, Rucklidge J. Database Analysis of Depression and Anxiety in a Community Sample-Response to a Micronutrient Intervention. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020152. [PMID: 29385721 PMCID: PMC5852728 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental health concerns worldwide. Broad-spectrum multi-vitamin/mineral approaches have been found to alleviate a number of psychiatric symptoms. We investigated the effects of a nutrient intervention program, which includes optimizing vitamin D levels, on depression and anxiety outcomes from community-based program. Methods: We evaluated self-reported health measures of depression and anxiety collected as part of a community-based program focused on optimizing overall health through nutritional supplementation, education and lifestyle advice. Results: Data were collected from 16,020 participants, with measures including European Quality of Life Five Dimensions (EQ-5D) and Targeted Symptoms List (TSL) providing self-reported depression and anxiety. More than 56% of participants were identified as having elevated levels of depression and anxiety at baseline as reported on the EQ-5D. After one year in the program, 49.2% (n = 7878) of participants who reported any level of depression or anxiety at baseline reported improvement at follow-up. Of those who reported severe/extreme depression at baseline (n = 829), 97.2% reported improvement after one year. Regression analyses revealed a significant association of improvement in depression and anxiety with higher vitamin D status (>100 nmol/L) and more strenuous physical activity. Conclusion: Overall, people from the general population who suffer from mood and anxiety problems may benefit from improved nutritional status achieved with nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Kimball
- Pure North S'Energy Foundation, Calgary, AB T2R 0C5, Canada.
- Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, St. Mary's University, Calgary, AB T2X 1Z4, Canada.
| | | | - Julia Rucklidge
- Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
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Rusińska A, Płudowski P, Walczak M, Borszewska-Kornacka MK, Bossowski A, Chlebna-Sokół D, Czech-Kowalska J, Dobrzańska A, Franek E, Helwich E, Jackowska T, Kalina MA, Konstantynowicz J, Książyk J, Lewiński A, Łukaszkiewicz J, Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Mazur A, Michałus I, Peregud-Pogorzelski J, Romanowska H, Ruchała M, Socha P, Szalecki M, Wielgoś M, Zwolińska D, Zygmunt A. Vitamin D Supplementation Guidelines for General Population and Groups at Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency in Poland-Recommendations of the Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes and the Expert Panel With Participation of National Specialist Consultants and Representatives of Scientific Societies-2018 Update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:246. [PMID: 29904370 PMCID: PMC5990871 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency is an important public health problem worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency confers a significant risk for both skeletal and non-skeletal disorders and a number of lifelong negative health outcomes. The objectives of this evidence-based guidelines document are to provide health care professionals in Poland, an updated recommendation for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency. METHODS A systematic literature search examining the prevention and treatment strategies for vitamin D deficiency was conducted. Updated recommendations were developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system describing the strength of the recommendation and the quality of supporting evidence. Twenty-seven contributors representing different areas of expertise and medical specialties, including pediatricians, geriatricians, endocrinologists, epidemiologists, nephrologists, gynecologists and obstetricians evaluated the available published evidence related to vitamin D, formulated the goals of this document and developed a common consolidated position. The consensus group, representing six national specialist consultants and eight Polish and international scientific organizations/societies, participated in the process of grading evidence and drawing up the general and specific recommendations. RESULTS The updated recommendations define the diagnostic criteria for the evaluation of vitamin D status and describe the prevention and treatment strategies of vitamin D deficiency in the general population and in groups at increased risk of the deficiency. Age- and weight-specific recommendations for prevention, supplementation and treatment of vitamin D deficiency are presented, and detailed practice guidance is discussed regarding the management in primary and specialized health care. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency remains still highly prevalent in Poland, in all age groups. Currently, there is a great necessity to implement a regular supplementation with recommended doses and to develop an effective strategy to alleviate vitamin D deficiency in the population. These updated recommendations are addressed to health professionals and the authorities pursuing comprehensive health policies and should also be included in public health programs aimed at preventing a broad spectrum of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Rusińska
- Department of Paediatric Propedeutics and Bone Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Płudowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Paweł Płudowski, ,
| | - Mieczysław Walczak
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Artur Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetology with Cardiology Divisions, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Danuta Chlebna-Sokół
- Department of Paediatric Propedeutics and Bone Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Czech-Kowalska
- Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Dobrzańska
- Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edward Franek
- Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Hospital MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Helwich
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Jackowska
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A. Kalina
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Konstantynowicz
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Immunology, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Janusz Książyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Łukaszkiewicz
- Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Artur Mazur
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Izabela Michałus
- Department of Paediatric Propedeutics and Bone Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Hanna Romanowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Socha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Szalecki
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Univeristy, Kielce, Poland
| | - Mirosław Wielgoś
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Zwolińska
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Zygmunt
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
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Are Systematic Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin D Supplementation Currently Feasible for Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients? Int J Inflam 2017; 2017:7840150. [PMID: 28116213 PMCID: PMC5237734 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7840150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond its role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism for healthy bone mineralization, there is increasing awareness for vitamin D contribution in modulation of immune reactions. Given that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving excess immune/inflammatory activity and posing great therapeutic challenges, it is conceivable to claim that vitamin D treatment may be a safe and effective treatment to influence or modify the primary disease and its related comorbidities. Nevertheless, consistent body of research supporting this hypothesis is still lacking. In this paper, we examine whether systematic screening and treatment for vitamin D deficiency are feasible at present. We will review the immunomodulatory role of vitamin D and its contribution in initiation and progression of AS, as well as how they would determine the occurrence of comorbid conditions. Our conclusion is that despite the overwhelmed interest about vitamin D treatment in AS patients, systematic screening and treatment for vitamin D deficiency of all AS patients are not feasible as yet. This stresses the need for further extensive well-designed research to prove vitamin D efficacy in AS beyond bone protection. And if utility is proven, personalized treatment regimes, duration of treatment, and threshold values for vitamin D should be provided.
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The Effects of First-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs on the Actions of Vitamin D in Human Macrophages. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY 2016; 6:23-29. [PMID: 28111615 PMCID: PMC5242622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem. Patients with TB have a high rate of vitamin D deficiency, both at diagnosis and during the course of treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs. Although data on the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) clearance is uncertain from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), vitamin D enhances the expression of the anti-microbial peptide human cathelicidin (hCAP18) in cultured macrophages in vitro. One possible explanation for the mixed (primarily negative) results of RCTs examining vitamin D treatment in TB infection is that anti-TB drugs given to enrolled subjects may impact actions of vitamin D to enhance cathelicidin in macrophages. To address this hypothesis, human macrophage-like monocytic (THP-1) cells were treated with varying doses of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in the presence of the active form of vitamin D, 1N1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3). The expression of hCAP18 was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). 1,25(OH)2D3 strongly induced expression of hCAP18 mRNA in THP-1 cells (fold-change from control). The combination of the standard 4-drug TB therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol) in the cultured THP-1 cells demonstrated a significant decrease of hCAP18 mRNA at the dosage of 10 ug/mL. In 31 subjects with newly diagnosed drug-sensitive TB randomized to either high-dose vitamin D3 (1.2 million IU over 8 weeks, n=13) versus placebo (n=18), there was no change from baseline to week 8 in hCAP18 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or in plasma concentrations of LL-37, the protein product of hCAP18.These data suggest that first-line anti-TB drugs may alter the vitamin D-dependent increase in hCAP18 and LL-37 human macrophages.
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Dickerson RN, Van Cleve JR, Swanson JM, Maish GO, Minard G, Croce MA, Brown RO. Vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients with traumatic injuries. BURNS & TRAUMA 2016; 4:28. [PMID: 27833924 PMCID: PMC5066285 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-016-0054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D depletion has been associated with increased rate of infections, lengthened hospital stay, and worsened mortality for critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and variables associated with vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients with severe traumatic injuries. Methods Critically ill adult patients admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (ICU) between June 2013 and June 2014, referred to the nutrition support service for enteral or parenteral nutrition, and had a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vitamin D) concentration determination were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were stratified as vitamin D sufficient, insufficient, deficient, or severely deficient based on a 25-OH vitamin D concentration of 30–80, 20–29.9, 13.1–19.9, and ≤13 ng/mL, respectively. Results One hundred and twenty-one patients out of 158 (76 %) patients were vitamin D deficient or severely deficient. Thirty-one patients (20 %) were insufficient and 6 (4 %) had a normal 25-OH vitamin D concentration. 25-OH vitamin D was determined 7.5 ± 5.1 days after ICU admission. African-Americans had a greater proportion of patients with deficiency or severe deficiency compared to other races (91 versus 64 %, P = 0.02). Penetrating gunshot or knife stab injury, African-American race, and obesity (elevated body mass index) were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency or severe deficiency: OR 9.23 (1.13, 75.40), 4.0 (1.4, 11.58), and 1.12 (1.03, 1.23), P < 0.05, respectively. Conclusions The majority of critically ill patients with traumatic injuries exhibit vitamin D deficiency or severe deficiency. Penetrating injuries, African-American race, and obesity are significant risk factors for deficiency. Severity of injury, extent of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein concentration), or hospital admission during the winter season did not significantly influence the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland N Dickerson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Suite 345, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
| | - Jonathan R Van Cleve
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Suite 345, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
| | - Joseph M Swanson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Suite 345, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
| | - George O Maish
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison Avenue, 2nd Floor, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
| | - Gayle Minard
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison Avenue, 2nd Floor, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
| | - Martin A Croce
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison Avenue, 2nd Floor, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
| | - Rex O Brown
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Suite 345, Memphis, 38163 TN USA
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Vitamin D and spinal cord injury: should we care? Spinal Cord 2016; 54:1060-1075. [PMID: 27645263 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2016.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Narrative review. OBJECTIVES This review provides an overview of the etiological factors and consequences of vitamin D insufficiency in relation to spinal cord injury (SCI) as well as important considerations for vitamin D supplementation. SETTING Montreal, Canada. METHODS Literature search. RESULTS Vitamin D insufficiency is common in SCI individuals owing to the presence of many contributing factors including limited sun exposure and intake, use of medication and endocrine perturbations. Although there are several biological plausible mechanisms by which vitamin D may act upon musculoskeletal and cardiometabolic health, the impact of vitamin D insufficiency on such systems remains ill defined in SCI. In the absence of guidelines for the management of vitamin D insufficiency in this high-risk population and in an attempt to provide clinical guidance, considerations for vitamin D supplementation such as the type of vitamin D, dosing regimens and toxicity are discussed and tentative recommendations suggested with particular reference to issues faced by SCI patients. CONCLUSION Although high rates of vitamin D insufficiency are encountered in SCI individuals, its consequences and the amount of vitamin D required to prevent insufficiency are still unknown, indicating a need for more intervention studies with well-defined outcome measures. Routine screening and monitoring of vitamin D as well as treatment of suboptimal status should be instituted in both acute and chronic setting. The close interactions between vitamin D and related bone minerals should be kept in mind when supplementing SCI individuals, and practices should be individualized with clinical conditions.
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Atis O, Keles M, Cankaya E, Dogan H, Aksoy H, Akcay F. Vitamin D Treatment Effect on Serum Endocan and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Renal Transplant Patients. Prog Transplant 2016; 26:335-339. [DOI: 10.1177/1526924816664086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Context: Endocan is a marker showing endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Significantly increased endocan levels have been observed in serum of patients with sepsis and cancer. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D treatment and serum endocan and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels as inflammatory markers in transplant patients. Design: Prospective. Setting: Nephrology clinic. Patients: Thirty-eight renal transplant patients with serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-vitamin D) levels below 20 ng/mL and transplanted at least 12 months. Intervention: One-time oral dose of 300 000 IU vitamin D3. Main Outcome Measures: Before and after vitamin D treatment, serum endocan, hs-CRP, calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured. Results: Median serum endocan and PTH values before vitamin D were significantly higher than those of after treatment values ( P = .001 and P < .001, respectively). On the other hand, serum total calcium and phosphorus levels before vitamin D treatment were lower than the values obtained after vitamin D treatment ( P = .0013 and P < .001, respectively). Serum hs-CRP was lower after vitamin D therapy than before, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P = .06). A moderate negative correlation was determined between endocan and 25-OH-vitamin D levels after treatment with vitamin D ( r = −.36, P = .02). Conclusion: This study has revealed that vitamin D treatment reduced markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with renal transplantation and vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Atis
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Keles
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erdem Cankaya
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Dogan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hulya Aksoy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Akcay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Sampaio‐Barros MM, Takayama L, Sampaio‐Barros PD, Bonfá E, Pereira RMR. Baixos níveis séricos de vitamina D na esclerose sistêmica difusa: correlação com pior qualidade de vida e alterações capilaroscópicas graves. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Low vitamin D serum levels in diffuse systemic sclerosis: a correlation with worst quality of life and severe capillaroscopic findings. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016; 56:337-44. [PMID: 27476627 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation of vitamin D levels with clinical parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), quality of life (QoL) and nailfold capillaroscopy (NC) in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS Thirty-eight female patients with diffuse SSc were analyzed regarding 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) serum levels. At inclusion, organ involvement, autoantibodies, modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), Medsger Disease Severity Index (MDSI), body mass index (BMI), BMD, NC, Short-Form-36 Questionnaire (SF-36), and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), were performed through a standardized interview, physical examination and electronic chart review. RESULTS Mean 25OHD serum level was 20.66±8.20ng/mL. Eleven percent of the patients had 25OHD levels ≤10ng/mL, 50% ≤20ng/mL and 87% ≤30ng/mL. Vitamin D serum levels were positively correlated with BMI (r=0.338, p=0.038), BMD-total femur (r=0.340, p=0.037), BMD-femoral neck (r=0.384, p=0.017), SF-36-Vitality (r=0.385, p=0.017), SF-36-Social Function (r=0.320, p=0.050), SF-36-Emotional Role (r=0.321, p=0.049) and SF-36-Mental Health (r=0.531, p=0.0006) and were negatively correlated with HAQ-Reach (r=-0.328, p=0.044) and HAQ-Grip Strength (r=-0.331, p=0.042). A negative correlation with NC-diffuse devascularization (p=0.029) and NC-avascular area (p=0.033) was also observed. CONCLUSION The present study provides novel evidence demonstrating that low levels of 25OHD have a negative impact in diffuse SSc QoL and further studies are needed to define whether vitamin D supplementation can improve health related QoL in these patients. The additional observation of a correlation with severe NC alterations suggests a possible role of 25OHD in the underlying SSc vascular involvement.
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Reynolds JA, Bruce IN. Vitamin D treatment for connective tissue diseases: hope beyond the hype? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 56:178-186. [PMID: 27179106 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is increased among patients with CTDs. The active form of vitamin D (calcitriol) is a potent regulator of the immune system and may suppress inflammatory responses. This has led to claims that vitamin D may be a safe treatment, or a treatment adjunct, to reduce systemic inflammation in this patient population. It is important to note, however, that there is insufficient evidence from robust clinical trials to support these novel uses for vitamin D. In this review we examine the potential role of vitamin D as a treatment adjunct for CTDs. We will discuss how vitamin D may modulate the immune response and review the current evidence for using vitamin D to treat CTDs and their associated co-morbidities. We conclude that while there is much excitement about vitamin D in this context, further well-designed trials are needed to demonstrate its efficacy in the treatment of patients with CTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Reynolds
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian N Bruce
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester .,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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van Orten-Luiten ACB, Janse A, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, Witkamp RF. Vitamin D deficiency as adverse drug reaction? A cross-sectional study in Dutch geriatric outpatients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 72:605-14. [PMID: 26873590 PMCID: PMC4834096 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-016-2016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adverse drug reactions as well as vitamin D deficiency are issues of public health concern in older people. However, relatively little is known about the impact of drug use on vitamin D status. Our primary aim is to explore associations between drug use and vitamin D status in older people. Furthermore, prevalences of drug use and vitamin D deficiency are estimated. METHODS In a population of 873 community-dwelling Dutch geriatric outpatients, we explored the cross-sectional relationships of polypharmacy (≥5 medications concomitantly used), severe polypharmacy (≥10 medications), and use of twenty-one specific drug groups, with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by analysis of covariance. RESULTS Overall prevalence of polypharmacy was 65 %, of severe polypharmacy 22 %. Depending on the cut-off value, prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 49 % (<50 nmol/l) or 77 % (<75 nmol/l). Of the patients using a vitamin D supplement, 17 % (<50 nmol/l) or 49 % (<75 nmol/l) were still deficient. In non-users of supplemental vitamin D, after adjustment for age and gender, negative associations were found for severe polypharmacy, metformin, sulphonamides and urea derivatives (SUDs), vitamin K antagonists, cardiac glycosides, loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors; for non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors (NSMRIs) the association was positive. The most extreme impacts of drug use on adjusted mean 25(OH)D were -19 nmol/l for SUDs and +18 nmol/l for NSMRIs. CONCLUSION Drug use should be considered a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency amongst geriatric outpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. C. B. van Orten-Luiten
- />Division of Human Nutrition, Pharmacology and Nutrition, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Department of Geriatric Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Willy Brandtlaan 10, 6716 RP Ede, The Netherlands
| | - A. Janse
- />Department of Geriatric Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Willy Brandtlaan 10, 6716 RP Ede, The Netherlands
| | - R. A. M. Dhonukshe-Rutten
- />Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - R. F. Witkamp
- />Division of Human Nutrition, Pharmacology and Nutrition, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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