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Daida T, Shin BC, Cepeda C, Devaskar SU. Neurodevelopment Is Dependent on Maternal Diet: Placenta and Brain Glucose Transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3. Nutrients 2024; 16:2363. [PMID: 39064806 PMCID: PMC11279700 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the primary energy source for most mammalian cells and its transport is affected by a family of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) encoded by the SLC2 gene. GLUT1 and GLUT3, highly expressed isoforms in the blood-brain barrier and neuronal membranes, respectively, are associated with multiple neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy, dyslexia, ADHD, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Dietary therapies, such as the ketogenic diet, are widely accepted treatments for patients with the GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, while ameliorating certain symptoms associated with GLUT3 deficiency in animal models. A ketogenic diet, high-fat diet, and calorie/energy restriction during prenatal and postnatal stages can also alter the placental and brain GLUTs expression with long-term consequences on neurobehavior. This review focuses primarily on the role of diet/energy perturbations upon GLUT isoform-mediated emergence of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Daida
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology and Neonatal Research Center, at the UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (T.D.); (B.-C.S.)
| | - Bo-Chul Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology and Neonatal Research Center, at the UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (T.D.); (B.-C.S.)
| | - Carlos Cepeda
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center and Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sherin U. Devaskar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology and Neonatal Research Center, at the UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (T.D.); (B.-C.S.)
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Ramos SZ, Has P, Gimovsky AC, Danilack VA, Savitz DA, Lewkowitz AK. Outcomes among Neonates after a Diagnosis of Persistent or Transient Fetal Growth Restriction Delivered at Term. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e1470-e1477. [PMID: 36894159 PMCID: PMC10562520 DOI: 10.1055/a-2051-3859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether transient fetal growth restriction (FGR) that resolves prior to delivery confers a similar risk of neonatal morbidity as uncomplicated FGR that persists at term. STUDY DESIGN This is a secondary analysis of a medical record abstraction study of singleton live-born pregnancies delivered at a tertiary care center between 2002 and 2013. Patients with fetuses that had either persistent or transient FGR and delivered at 38 weeks or later were included. Patients with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler studies were excluded. Persistent FGR was defined as estimated fetal weight (EFW) <10th percentile by gestational age from diagnosis through delivery. Transient FGR was defined as EFW <10th percentile on at least one ultrasound, but not on the last ultrasound prior to delivery. The primary outcome was a composite of neonatal morbidity: neonatal intensive care unit admission, Apgar's score <7 at 5 minutes, neonatal resuscitation, arterial cord pH <7.1, respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, hypoglycemia, sepsis, or death. Baseline characteristics and obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared using Wilcoxon's rank-sum and Fisher's exact test. Log binomial regression was used to adjust for confounders. RESULTS Of 777 patients studied, 686 (88%) had persistent FGR and 91 (12%) had transient FGR. Patients with transient FGR were more likely to have a higher body mass index, gestational diabetes, diagnosed with FGR earlier in pregnancy, have spontaneous labor, and deliver at later gestational ages. There was no difference in the composite neonatal outcome (relative risk = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72, 1.47) for transient versus persistent FGR after adjusting for confounders (adjusted relative risk = 0.79, 95% CI 0.54, 1.17). There were no differences in cesarean delivery or delivery complications between groups. CONCLUSION Neonates born at term after transient FGR do not appear to have differences in composite morbidity compared with those where uncomplicated FGR persists at term. KEY POINTS · No differences in neonatal outcomes in uncomplicated persistent versus transient FGR at term.. · Transient FGR pregnancies more likely to deliver at later gestational ages.. · No differences in mode of delivery or obstetric complications in persistent versus transient FGR at term..
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Z. Ramos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Phinnara Has
- Lifespan Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design (BERD), Rhode Island Hospital, Lifespan Healthcare System, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alexis C. Gimovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Valery A. Danilack
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David A. Savitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Adam K. Lewkowitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Maroudias G, Vrachnis D, Fotiou A, Loukas N, Mantzou A, Pergialiotis V, Valsamakis G, Machairiotis N, Stavros S, Panagopoulos P, Vakas P, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Drakakis P, Vrachnis N. Measurement of Calprotectin and PTH in the Amniotic Fluid of Early Second Trimester Pregnancies and Their Impact on Fetuses with Growth Disorders: Are Their Levels Related to Oxidative Stress? J Clin Med 2024; 13:855. [PMID: 38337548 PMCID: PMC10856459 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: During the early stages of human fetal development, the fetal skeleton system is chiefly made up of cartilage, which is gradually replaced by bone. Fetal bone development is mainly regulated by the parathyroid hormone parathormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein, with specific calprotectin playing a substantial role in cell adhesion and chemotaxis while exhibiting antimicrobial activity during the inflammatory osteogenesis process. The aim of our study was to measure the levels of PTH and calprotectin in early second trimester amniotic fluid and to carry out a comparison between the levels observed among normal full-term pregnancies (control group) and those of the groups of embryos exhibiting impaired or enhanced growth. Methods: For the present prospective study, we collected amniotic fluid samples from pregnancies that underwent amniocentesis at 15 to 22 weeks of gestational age during the period 2021-2023. Subsequently, we followed up on all pregnancies closely until delivery. Having recorded fetal birthweights, we then divided the neonates into three groups: small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Results: In total, 64 pregnancies, including 14 SGA, 10 LGA, and 40 AGA fetuses, were included in our study. Both substances were detected in early second trimester amniotic fluid in both groups. Concentrations of calprotectin differed significantly among the three groups (p = 0.033). AGA fetuses had a lower mean value of 4.195 (2.415-6.425) IU/mL, whereas LGA fetuses had a higher mean value of 6.055 (4.887-13.950) IU/mL, while SGA fetuses had a mean value of 5.475 (3.400-9.177) IU/mL. Further analysis revealed that only LGA fetuses had significantly higher calprotectin concentrations compared to AGA fetuses (p = 0.018). PTH concentration was similar between the groups, with LGA fetuses having a mean value of 13.18 (9.51-15.52) IU/mL, while SGA fetuses had a mean value of 14.18 (9.02-16.00) IU/mL, and AGA fetuses had similar concentrations of 13.35 (9.05-15.81) IU/mL. The differences in PTH concentration among the three groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.513). Conclusions: Calprotectin values in the amniotic fluid in the early second trimester were higher in LGA fetuses compared to those in the SGA and AGA categories. LGA fetuses can possibly be in a state of low-grade chronic inflammation due to excessive fat deposition, causing oxidative stress in LGA fetuses and, eventually, the release of calprotectin. Moreover, PTH concentrations in the amniotic fluid of early second trimester pregnancies were not found to be statistically correlated with fetal growth abnormalities in either LGA or SGA fetuses. However, the early time of collection and the small number of patients in our study should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Maroudias
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, 18536 Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Vrachnis
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (A.F.)
| | - Alexandros Fotiou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (A.F.)
| | - Nikolaos Loukas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, 18536 Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece (C.K.-G.)
| | - Vasileiοs Pergialiotis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Valsamakis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.)
| | - Nikolaos Machairiotis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Sofoklis Stavros
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Periklis Panagopoulos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Panagiotis Vakas
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.)
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece (C.K.-G.)
| | - Petros Drakakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Nikolaos Vrachnis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
- Vascular Biology, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17, UK
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Mižíková I, Thébaud B. Perinatal origins of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-deciphering normal and impaired lung development cell by cell. Mol Cell Pediatr 2023; 10:4. [PMID: 37072570 PMCID: PMC10113423 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-023-00158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease occurring as a consequence of premature birth, as well as antenatal and postnatal injury to the developing lung. BPD morbidity and severity depend on a complex interplay between prenatal and postnatal inflammation, mechanical ventilation, and oxygen therapy as well as associated prematurity-related complications. These initial hits result in ill-explored aberrant immune and reparative response, activation of pro-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic factors, which further perpetuate the injury. Histologically, the disease presents primarily by impaired lung development and an arrest in lung microvascular maturation. Consequently, BPD leads to respiratory complications beyond the neonatal period and may result in premature aging of the lung. While the numerous prenatal and postnatal stimuli contributing to BPD pathogenesis are relatively well known, the specific cell populations driving the injury, as well as underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. Recently, an effort to gain a more detailed insight into the cellular composition of the developing lung and its progenitor populations has unfold. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding perinatal origin of BPD and discuss underlying mechanisms, as well as novel approaches to study the perturbed lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mižíková
- Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - B Thébaud
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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5
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Dong J, Chen W, Liu N, Chang S, Zhu W, Kang J. NRG1 knockdown rescues PV interneuron GABAergic maturation deficits and schizophrenia behaviors in fetal growth restriction mice. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:476. [PMID: 36460658 PMCID: PMC9718849 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly debilitating mental disorder, those who experienced fetal growth restriction (FGR) in the early stage of life have a greater probability of schizophrenia. In this study, FGR mice showed hyperactivity in locomotor activity test, sociability dysfunction in three chamber test and nesting social behavior tests, cognition decline in Morris water maze and impaired sensory motor gating function in prepulse inhibition test. Mechanistic studies indicated that the number of parvalbumin (PV) interneuron was significantly reduced in FGR mouse media prefrontal cortex (mPFC). And the mRNA and protein level of neuregulin 1(NRG1), which is a critical schizophrenia gene, increased significantly in FGR mouse mPFC. Furthermore, NRG1 knockdown in FGR mouse mPFC improved PV interneuron GABAergic maturation and rescued schizophrenia behaviors including hyperactivity, social novelty defects, cognition decline, and sensorimotor gating deficits in FGR mice. This study indicates that mPFC NRG1 upregulation is one of the main causes of FGR-induced schizophrenia, which leads to significant reduction of PV interneuron number in mPFC. NRG1 knockdown in mPFC significantly rescues schizophrenia behaviors in FGR mouse. This study thus provides a potential effective therapy target or strategy for schizophrenia patients induced by FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Dong
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Chen
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujuan Chang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiuhong Kang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Davenport BN, Wilson RL, Jones HN. Interventions for placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction. Placenta 2022; 125:4-9. [PMID: 35414477 PMCID: PMC10947607 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.03.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy complications adversely impact both mother and/or fetus throughout the lifespan. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs when a fetus fails to reach their intrauterine potential for growth, it is the second highest leading cause of infant mortality, and leads to increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases in later life due 'fetal programming'. Abnormal placental development, growth and/or function underlies approximately 75% of FGR cases and there is currently no treatment save delivery, often prematurely. We previously demonstrated in a murine model of FGR that nanoparticle mediated, intra-placental human IGF-1 gene therapy maintains normal fetal growth. Multiple models of FGR currently exist reflecting the etiologies of human FGR and have been used by us and others to investigate the development of in utero therapeutics as discussed here. In addition to the in vivo models discussed herein, utilizing human models including in vitro (Choriocarcinoma cell lines and primary trophoblasts) and ex vivo (term villous fragments and placenta cotyledon perfusion) we have demonstrated robust nanoparticle uptake, transgene expression, nutrient transporter regulation without transfer to the fetus. For translational gene therapy application in the human placenta, there are multiple avenues that require investigation including syncytial uptake from the maternal circulation, transgene expression, functionality and longevity of treatment, impact of treatment on the mother and developing fetus. The potential impact of treating the placenta during gestation is high, wide-ranging across pregnancy complications, and may offer reduced risk of developing associated cardio-metabolic diseases in later life impacting at both an individual and societal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baylea N Davenport
- Center for Research in Perinatal Outcomes, University of Florida College of Medicine, United States
| | - Rebecca L Wilson
- Center for Research in Perinatal Outcomes, University of Florida College of Medicine, United States
| | - Helen N Jones
- Center for Research in Perinatal Outcomes, University of Florida College of Medicine, United States.
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7
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Genetic Aspects of Small for Gestational Age Infants Using Targeted-Exome Sequencing and Whole-Exome Sequencing: A Single Center Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133710. [PMID: 35806993 PMCID: PMC9267512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The etiology of small for gestational age (SGA) is multifactorial and includes maternal/uterine-placental factors, fetal epigenetics, and genetic abnormalities. We evaluated the genetic causes and diagnostic effectiveness of targeted-panel sequencing (TES) or whole-exome sequencing (WES) in SGA infants without a known cause. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on newborn infants born with a birth weight of less than the 10th percentile for gestational age between January 2019 and December 2020 at the Pusan National University Hospital. We excluded infants with known causes of SGA, including maternal causes or major congenital anomalies or infections. SGA infants without a known etiology underwent genetic evaluation, including karyotyping, chromosomal microarray (CMA), and TES/WES. Results: During the study period, 82 SGA infants were born at our hospital. Among them, 61 patients were excluded. A total of 21 patients underwent karyotyping and chromosomal CMA, and aberrations were detected in two patients, including one chromosomal anomaly and one copy number variation. Nineteen patients with normal karyotype and CMA findings underwent TES or WES, which identified three pathogenic or likely pathogenic single-gene mutations, namely LHX3, TLK2, and MED13L. Conclusions: In SGA infants without known risk factors, the prevalence of genetic causes was 22% (5/21). The diagnostic yield of TES or WES in SGA infants with normal karyotype and CMA was 15.7% (3/19). TES or WES was quite helpful in identifying the etiology in SGA infants without a known cause.
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Zhou B, Zhang J, Liu H, Chen S, Wang T, Wang C. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Improves the Intestinal Function of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Finishing Pigs via Regulating Intestinal Morphology, Inflammation, Antioxidant Status and Autophagy. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:884945. [PMID: 35733639 PMCID: PMC9207390 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.884945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle (Nano-ZnO) on growth, immunity, intestinal morphology and function of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) finishing pigs. Six normal birth weight (NBW) and 12 IUGR male piglets were obtained and weaned at 21 d. NBW-weaned piglets fed basal diets (NBW group), IUGR-weaned piglets allocated to two groups fed basal diets (IUGR group) and basal diets further supplemented 600 mg Zn/kg from Nano-ZnO (IUGR+Zn group), respectively. All pigs were slaughtered at 163 d. Results showed: (1) IUGR pigs showed no difference in body weight at 77d and 163d (P > 0.05), while had increased villus height (VH) and villus surface area in jejunum (P < 0.05) and enhanced interleukin-6, TNF-α and NF-κB mRNA expression (P < 0.05) as compared to NBW group; Compared with IUGR group, dietary Nano-ZnO did not affect the body weight (P > 0.05), but increased VH to crypt depth ratio and IgA concentration (P < 0.05) and decreased TNF-α and NF-κB mRNA expression in jejunum (P < 0.05). (2) IUGR increased the number of swollen mitochondria and autolysosomes, and protein expressions of sequestosome-1 (P62) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 B/A (LC3B/A) in jejunum as compared to NBW group (P < 0.05); Compared with IUGR group, Nano-ZnO decreased the number of swollen mitochondria and autolysosomes, and P62 and LC3B/A protein expression (P < 0.05). (3) IUGR increased mucosal contents of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl (PC) and Keap1 protein expression (P < 0.05) as compared to NBW group; Compared with IUGR group, dietary Nano-ZnO increased activities of total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione content (P < 0.05), and enhanced nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit and glutathione peroxidase 1 mRNA expression, and increased total and nuclear Nrf2 protein expression (P < 0.05), and decreased malondialdehyde and PC content, and Keap1 protein expression (P < 0.05) in jejunum. Results suggested that IUGR pigs showed postnatal catch-up growth and improved intestinal morphology, and dietary Nano-ZnO may further improve intestinal morphology, reduce inflammation, decrease autophagy and alleviate oxidative stress via Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in jejunum of IUGR pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Tosevska A, Ghosh S, Ganguly A, Cappelletti M, Kallapur SG, Pellegrini M, Devaskar SU. Integrated analysis of an in vivo model of intra-nasal exposure to instilled air pollutants reveals cell-type specific responses in the placenta. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8438. [PMID: 35589747 PMCID: PMC9119931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a heterogeneous organ whose development involves complex interactions of trophoblasts with decidual, vascular, and immune cells at the fetal-maternal interface. It maintains a critical balance between maternal and fetal homeostasis. Placental dysfunction can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes including intra-uterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, or pre-term birth. Exposure to environmental pollutants contributes to the development of placental abnormalities, with poorly understood molecular underpinning. Here we used a mouse (C57BL/6) model of environmental pollutant exposure by administration of a particulate matter (SRM1649b at 300 μg/day/mouse) suspension intra-nasally beginning 2 months before conception and during gestation, in comparison to saline-exposed controls. Placental transcriptomes, at day 19 of gestation, were determined using bulk RNA-seq from whole placentas of exposed (n = 4) and control (n = 4) animals and scRNAseq of three distinct placental layers, followed by flow cytometry analysis of the placental immune cell landscape. Our results indicate a reduction in vascular placental cells, especially cells responsible for structural integrity, and increase in trophoblast proliferation in animals exposed to particulate matter. Pollution-induced inflammation was also evident, especially in the decidual layer. These data indicate that environmental exposure to air pollutants triggers changes in the placental cellular composition, mediating adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anela Tosevska
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Present Address: Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shubhamoy Ghosh
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, and the UCLA Children’s Discovery & Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10883, Le Conte Avenue, MDCC-22-412, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752 USA
| | - Amit Ganguly
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, and the UCLA Children’s Discovery & Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10883, Le Conte Avenue, MDCC-22-412, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752 USA
| | - Monica Cappelletti
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, and the UCLA Children’s Discovery & Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10883, Le Conte Avenue, MDCC-22-412, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752 USA
| | - Suhas G. Kallapur
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, and the UCLA Children’s Discovery & Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10883, Le Conte Avenue, MDCC-22-412, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752 USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Sherin U. Devaskar
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, and the UCLA Children’s Discovery & Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10883, Le Conte Avenue, MDCC-22-412, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752 USA
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Caravagna C, Casciato A, Coq JO, Liabeuf S, Brocard C, Peyronnet J, Bodineau L, Cayetanot F. Prenatal Hypoxia Induces Cl– Cotransporters KCC2 and NKCC1 Developmental Abnormality and Disturbs the Influence of GABAA and Glycine Receptors on Fictive Breathing in a Newborn Rat. Front Physiol 2022; 13:786714. [PMID: 35250609 PMCID: PMC8890663 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.786714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia is a recognised risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders associated with both membrane proteins involved in neuron homeostasis, e.g., chloride (Cl–) cotransporters, and alterations in brain neurotransmitter systems, e.g., catecholamines, dopamine, and GABA. Our study aimed to determine whether prenatal hypoxia alters central respiratory drive by disrupting the development of Cl– cotransporters KCC2 and NKCC1. Cl– homeostasis seems critical for the strength and efficiency of inhibition mediated by GABAA and glycine receptors within the respiratory network, and we searched for alterations of GABAergic and glycinergic respiratory influences after prenatal hypoxia. We measured fictive breathing from brainstem in ex vivo preparations during pharmacological blockade of KCC2 and NKCC1 Cl– cotransporters, GABAA, and glycine receptors. We also evaluated the membrane expression of Cl– cotransporters in the brainstem by Western blot and the expression of Cl– cotransporter regulators brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and calpain. First, pharmacological experiments showed that prenatal hypoxia altered the regulation of fictive breathing by NKCC1 and KCC2 Cl– cotransporters, GABA/GABAA, and glycin. NKCC1 inhibition decreased fictive breathing at birth in control mice while it decreased at 4 days after birth in pups exposed to prenatal hypoxia. On the other hand, inhibition of KCC2 decreased fictive breathing 4 days after birth in control mice without any change in prenatal hypoxia pups. The GABAergic system appeared to be more effective in prenatal hypoxic pups whereas the glycinergic system increased its effectiveness later. Second, we observed a decrease in the expression of the Cl– cotransporter KCC2, and a decrease with age in NKCC1, as well as an increase in the expression of BDNF and calpain after prenatal hypoxia exposure. Altogether, our data support the idea that prenatal hypoxia alters the functioning of GABAA and glycinergic systems in the respiratory network by disrupting maturation of Cl– homeostasis, thereby contributing to long-term effects by disrupting ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Caravagna
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexis Casciato
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S1158, Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Faculté de Médecine Site Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvie Liabeuf
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cécile Brocard
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Peyronnet
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Bodineau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S1158, Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Faculté de Médecine Site Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Florence Cayetanot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S1158, Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Faculté de Médecine Site Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Florence Cayetanot,
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11
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Chen C, Tang P, Liang J, Huang D, Pan D, Lin M, Wu L, Wei H, Huang H, Sheng Y, Song Y, Wei B, Liao Q, Liu S, Qiu X. Association between Intrauterine Microbiome and Risk of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case-Control Study Based on Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in China. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2022; 258:11-21. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Dongxiang Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Mengrui Lin
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Huanni Wei
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Huishen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Yonghong Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Yanye Song
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Bincai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Qian Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health & Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University
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12
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The role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in gynecological and obstetrical diseases: an update review. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 150:103490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Jovanović Krivokuća M, Vilotić A, Nacka-Aleksić M, Pirković A, Ćujić D, Legner J, Dekanski D, Bojić-Trbojević Ž. Galectins in Early Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Associated Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:69. [PMID: 35008499 PMCID: PMC8744741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins are a family of conserved soluble proteins defined by an affinity for β-galactoside structures present on various glycoconjugates. Over the past few decades, galectins have been recognized as important factors for successful implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated their involvement in trophoblast cell function and placental development. In addition, several lines of evidence suggest their important roles in feto-maternal immune tolerance regulation and angiogenesis. Changed or dysregulated galectin expression is also described in pregnancy-related disorders. Although the data regarding galectins' clinical relevance are still at an early stage, evidence suggests that some galectin family members are promising candidates for better understanding pregnancy-related pathologies, as well as predicting biomarkers. In this review, we aim to summarize current knowledge of galectins in early pregnancy as well as in pregnancy-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Žanka Bojić-Trbojević
- Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy Department for Biology of Reproduction, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.K.); (A.V.); (M.N.-A.); (A.P.); (D.Ć.); (J.L.); (D.D.)
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14
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Bhunu B, Riccio I, Intapad S. Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension. Integr Blood Press Control 2021; 14:141-152. [PMID: 34675650 PMCID: PMC8517636 DOI: 10.2147/ibpc.s312868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, both clinical and animal studies have shown that fetal growth restriction (FGR), caused by exposure to adverse uterine environments, is a risk factor for hypertension as well as for a variety of adult diseases. This observation has shaped and informed the now widely accepted theory of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). There is a plethora of evidence supporting the association of FGR with increased risk of adult hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this correlation remain unclear. This review aims to explain the current advances in the field of fetal programming of hypertension and a brief narration of the underlying mechanisms that may link FGR to increased risk of adult hypertension. We explain the theory of DOHaD and then provide evidence from both clinical and basic science research which support the theory of fetal programming of adult hypertension. In addition, we have explored the underlying mechanisms that may link FGR to an increased risk of adult hypertension. These mechanisms include epigenetic changes, metabolic disorders, vascular dysfunction, neurohormonal impairment, and alterations in renal physiology and function. We further describe sex differences seen in the developmental origins of hypertension and provide insights into the opportunities and challenges present in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bhunu
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Isabel Riccio
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Suttira Intapad
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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15
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Tsantekidou I, Evangelinakis N, Bargiota A, Vrachnis N, Kalantaridou S, Valsamakis G. Macrosomia and fetal growth restriction: evidence for similar extrauterine metabolic risks but with differences in pathophysiology. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:8450-8455. [PMID: 34555989 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1980531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and compare the causes of macrosomia and FGR fetuses, their ultrasound characteristics and the importance of their similar metabolic profile in intrauterine and extrauterine life. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched Pubmed/Google Scholar database up until 15 December 2020 using keywords. Out of the 70 matching results we selected 50 most representative and matching papers. RESULTS We found similar causes and metabolic profiles and in both conditions offspring are at increased risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in the extrauterine life. CONCLUSION Despite similarities of the maternal factors and fetal metabolic profile it is still unknown which of them has worse metabolic status during intrauterine and extrauterine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Tsantekidou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Evangelinakis
- Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Bargiota
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, University Hospital of Larissa, Medical School of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vrachnis
- Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Kalantaridou
- Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Valsamakis
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, University Hospital of Larissa, Medical School of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital "Aretaieion", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece, Athens, Greece
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16
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Effect of Endogenic and Exogenic Oxidative Stress Triggers on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Preeclampsia, Fetal Growth Restriction, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810122. [PMID: 34576285 PMCID: PMC8468091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify them. During a normal pregnancy, oxidative stress increases the normal systemic inflammatory response and is usually well-controlled by the balanced body mechanism of the detoxification of anti-oxidative products. However, pregnancy is also a condition in which this adaptation and balance can be easily disrupted. Excessive ROS is detrimental and associated with many pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm birth (PTB), by damaging placentation. The placenta is a tissue rich in mitochondria that produces the majority of ROS, so it is important to maintain normal placental function and properly develop its vascular network to ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy. Antioxidants may ameliorate these diseases, and related research is progressing. This review aimed to determine the association between oxidative stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially PE, FGR, GDM, and PTB, and explore how to overcome this oxidative stress in these unfavorable conditions.
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Reduction of In Vivo Placental Amino Acid Transport Precedes the Development of Intrauterine Growth Restriction in the Non-Human Primate. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082892. [PMID: 34445051 PMCID: PMC8401823 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with reduced placental amino acid transport (AAT). However, it remains to be established if changes in AAT contribute to restricted fetal growth. We hypothesized that reduced in vivo placental AAT precedes the development of IUGR in baboons with maternal nutrient restriction (MNR). Baboons were fed either a control (ad libitum) or MNR diet (70% of control diet) from gestational day (GD) 30. At GD 140, in vivo transplacental AA transport was measured by infusing nine (13)C- or (2)H-labeled essential amino acids (EAAs) as a bolus into the maternal circulation at cesarean section. A fetal vein-to-maternal artery mole percent excess ratio for each EAA was measured. Microvillous plasma membrane (MVM) system A and system L transport activity were determined. Fetal and placental weights were not significantly different between MNR and control. In vivo, the fetal vein-to-maternal artery mole percent excess ratio was significantly decreased for tryptophan in MNR. MVM system A and system L activity was markedly reduced in MNR. Reduction of in vivo placental amino acid transport precedes fetal growth restriction in the non-human primate, suggesting that reduced placental amino acid transfer may contribute to IUGR.
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18
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Kuiper-Makris C, Selle J, Nüsken E, Dötsch J, Alejandre Alcazar MA. Perinatal Nutritional and Metabolic Pathways: Early Origins of Chronic Lung Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:667315. [PMID: 34211985 PMCID: PMC8239134 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.667315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung development is not completed at birth, but expands beyond infancy, rendering the lung highly susceptible to injury. Exposure to various influences during a critical window of organ growth can interfere with the finely-tuned process of development and induce pathological processes with aberrant alveolarization and long-term structural and functional sequelae. This concept of developmental origins of chronic disease has been coined as perinatal programming. Some adverse perinatal factors, including prematurity along with respiratory support, are well-recognized to induce bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a neonatal chronic lung disease that is characterized by arrest of alveolar and microvascular formation as well as lung matrix remodeling. While the pathogenesis of various experimental models focus on oxygen toxicity, mechanical ventilation and inflammation, the role of nutrition before and after birth remain poorly investigated. There is accumulating clinical and experimental evidence that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) as a consequence of limited nutritive supply due to placental insufficiency or maternal malnutrition is a major risk factor for BPD and impaired lung function later in life. In contrast, a surplus of nutrition with perinatal maternal obesity, accelerated postnatal weight gain and early childhood obesity is associated with wheezing and adverse clinical course of chronic lung diseases, such as asthma. While the link between perinatal nutrition and lung health has been described, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. There are initial data showing that inflammatory and nutrient sensing processes are involved in programming of alveolarization, pulmonary angiogenesis, and composition of extracellular matrix. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding the impact of perinatal metabolism and nutrition on the lung and beyond the cardiopulmonary system as well as possible mechanisms determining the individual susceptibility to CLD early in life. We aim to emphasize the importance of unraveling the mechanisms of perinatal metabolic programming to develop novel preventive and therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celien Kuiper-Makris
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics—Experimental Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jaco Selle
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics—Experimental Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Nüsken
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Miguel A. Alejandre Alcazar
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics—Experimental Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Institute for Lung Health, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
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19
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Chaudhary N, Yadav SN, Kalra SK, Pathak S, Gupta BK, Shrestha S, Patel M, Satia I, Sadhra S, Bolton CE, Kurmi OP. Prognostic factors associated with small for gestational age babies in a tertiary care hospital of Western Nepal: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e250. [PMID: 33614985 PMCID: PMC7883381 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small for gestational age (SGA) is common among newborns in low-income countries like Nepal and has higher immediate mortality and morbidities. OBJECTIVES To study the prevalence and prognostic factors of SGA babies in Western Nepal. METHODS A cross-sectional study (November 2016-October 2017) was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Western Nepal. Socio-demographic, lifestyle factors including diet, and exposures including smoking and household air pollution in mothers who delivered newborns appropriate for gestational age (AGA), SGA and large for gestational age (LGA) were recorded. Logistic regression was carried out to find the odds ratio of prognostic factors after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Out of 4000 delivered babies, 77% (n = 3078) were AGA, 20.3% (n = 813) were SGA and 2.7% (n = 109) were LGA. The proportion of female-SGA was greater in comparison to male-SGA (n = 427, 52.5% vs n = 386, 47.5%). SGA babies were born to mothers who had term, preterm, and postterm delivery in the following proportions 70.1%, 19.3%, and 10.6%, respectively. The average weight gain (mean ± SD) by mothers in AGA pregnancies was 10.3 ± 2.4 kg, whereas in SGA were 9.3 ± 2.4 kg. In addition to low socioeconomic status (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1, 3.2), other prognostic factors associated with SGA were lifestyle factors such as low maternal sleep duration (OR 5.1, CI 3.6, 7.4) and monthly or less frequent meat intake (OR 5.0, CI 3.2, 7.8). Besides smoking (OR 8.8, CI 2.1, 36.3), the other major environmental factor associated with SGA was exposure to household air pollution (OR 5.4, 4.1, 6.9) during pregnancy. Similarly, some of the adverse health conditions associated with a significantly higher risk of SGA were anemia, oligohydramnios, and gestational diabetes. CONCLUSIONS SGA is common in Western Nepal and associated with several modifiable prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Chaudhary
- Department of PediatricsUniversal College of Medical SciencesBhairahawaNepal
| | - Shree Narayan Yadav
- Department of PediatricsUniversal College of Medical SciencesBhairahawaNepal
- Department of PediatricsChitwan Medical CollegeBharatpurNepal
| | - Suresh Kumar Kalra
- Department of PediatricsUniversal College of Medical SciencesBhairahawaNepal
| | - Santosh Pathak
- Department of PediatricsChitwan Medical CollegeBharatpurNepal
| | - Binod Kumar Gupta
- Department of PediatricsUniversal College of Medical SciencesBhairahawaNepal
| | - Sandeep Shrestha
- Department of PediatricsUniversal College of Medical SciencesBhairahawaNepal
| | - Matthew Patel
- The Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Imran Satia
- Division of Respirology, Department of MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Steven Sadhra
- Institute of Clinical SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Charlotte Emma Bolton
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research CentreSchool of Medicine, University of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Om Prakash Kurmi
- Division of Respirology, Department of MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of CoventryCoventryUK
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20
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Zhao Y, Wang P, Zhou Y, Xia B, Zhu Q, Ge W, Li J, Shi H, Xiao X, Zhang Y. Prenatal fine particulate matter exposure, placental DNA methylation changes, and fetal growth. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106313. [PMID: 33341587 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the impact of prenatal fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on fetal growth and the underlying placental epigenetic mechanism in a cohort of Chinese women. Within the prospective Shanghai Mother-Child Pairs cohort (Shanghai MCPC), 329 women carrying singleton pregnancy with a due date in 2018 were recruited between 2017 and 2018. Maternal PM2.5 exposure levels were estimated using gestational exposure prediction model combining satellite-driven ambient concentrations and personal air sampling. Fetal growth characteristics were evaluated by prenatal ultrasound examinations and anthropometric measurements at birth. In a discovery phase, whole-genome DNA methylation analysis was performed using the Infinium 850 K array. In a validation phase, placental DNA methylation was measured using bisulfite pyrosequencing for five candidate genes that showed the most significant alterations and function relevance in our methylation array screen, including BID (BH3 interacting domain death agonist), FOXN3 (Forkhead box N3), FOXP1 (Forkhead box P1), IGF2 (Insulin-like growth factor 2) and HSD11B2 (Hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 2). Multivariate linear regression models were applied to examine the associations among PM2.5 exposure, fetal growth characteristics and DNA methylation on placental candidate genes. Sobel tests were used to evaluate the mediating role of DNA methylation in multivariable models. After excluding women who withdrew or failed to provide placenta, a total of 287 pregnant women with an average age of 30 entered the final analysis. Increased PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with reduced biparietal diameter (BPD) (β: -0.136 mm, 95% CI: -0.228 to -0.043), head circumference (HC) (β: -0.462 mm, 95% CI: -0.782 to -0.142), femur length (FL) (β: -0.113 mm, 95% CI: -0.185 to -0.041) and abdominal circumference (AC) (β: -0.371 mm, 95% CI: -0.672 to -0.071) in the second trimester and birth length (β: -0.013 cm, 95% CI: -0.025 to -0.001). Prenatal PM2.5 exposure could lead to aberrant changes in DNA methylation profile of placenta genome, which were mainly enriched in reproductive development, energy metabolism and immune response. DNA methylation of IGF2 and BID showed significant associations with PM2.5 exposures during all exposure windows. In addition, BID methylation was negatively correlated with HC (β: -1.396 mm, 95% CI: -2.582 to -0.209) and BPD (β: -0.330 mm, 95% CI: -0.635 to -0.026) in the second trimester. Further mediation analysis indicated that BID methylation mediated about 30% of the effects of PM2.5 exposure on HC. These findings collectively suggested that prenatal PM2.5 exposure may cause adverse effects on fetal growth by modifying placental DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingya Zhao
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China
| | - Qingyang Zhu
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China
| | - Wenzhen Ge
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Jialin Li
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huijing Shi
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xirong Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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21
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Weatherall EL, Avilkina V, Cortes-Araya Y, Dan-Jumbo S, Stenhouse C, Donadeu FX, Esteves CL. Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Is Altered by Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:558905. [PMID: 33251256 PMCID: PMC7676910 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.558905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistency in clinical outcomes is key to the success of therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine. MSCs are used to treat both humans and companion animals (horses, dogs, and cats). The properties of MSC preparations can vary significantly with factors including tissue of origin, donor age or health status. We studied the effects of developmental programming associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on MSC properties, particularly related to multipotency. IUGR results from inadequate uterine capacity and placental insufficiency of multifactorial origin. Both companion animals (horses, dogs, cats) and livestock (pigs, sheep, cattle) can be affected by IUGR resulting in decreased body size and other associated changes that can include, alterations in musculoskeletal development and composition, and increased adiposity. Therefore, we hypothesized that this dysregulation occurs at the level of MSCs, with the cells from IUGR animals being more prone to differentiate into adipocytes and less to other lineages such as chondrocytes and osteocytes compared to those obtained from normal animals. IUGR has consequences on health and performance in adult life and in the case of farm animals, on meat quality. In humans, IUGR is linked to increased risk of metabolic (type 2 diabetes) and other diseases (cardiovascular), later in life. Here, we studied porcine MSCs where IUGR occurs spontaneously, and shows features that recapitulate human IUGR. We compared the properties of adipose-derived MSCs from IUGR (IUGR-MSCs) and Normal (Normal-MSCs) new-born pig littermates. Both MSC types grew clonally and expressed typical MSC markers (CD105, CD90, CD44) at similar levels. Importantly, tri-lineage differentiation capacity was significantly altered by IUGR. IUGR-MSCs had higher adipogenic capacity than Normal-MSCs as evidenced by higher adipocyte content and expression of the adipogenic transcripts, PPARγ and FABP4 (P < 0.05). A similar trend was observed for fibrogenesis, where, upon differentiation, IUGR-MSCs expressed significantly higher levels of COL1A1 (P < 0.03) than Normal-MSCs. In contrast, chondrogenic and osteogenic potential were decreased in IUGR-MSCs as shown by a smaller chondrocyte pellet and osteocyte staining, and lower expression of SOX9 (P < 0.05) and RUNX2 (P < 0.02), respectively. In conclusion, the regenerative potential of MSCs appears to be determined prenatally in IUGR and this should be taken into account when selecting cell donors in regenerative therapy programmes both in humans and companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Weatherall
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Viktorija Avilkina
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yennifer Cortes-Araya
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Dan-Jumbo
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Stenhouse
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Francesc X Donadeu
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,The Euan Macdonald Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina L Esteves
- The Roslin Institute and The Royal (DICK) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Golovchenko O, Abramova M, Ponomarenko I, Reshetnikov E, Aristova I, Polonikov A, Dvornyk V, Churnosov M. Functionally significant polymorphisms of ESR1and PGR and risk of intrauterine growth restriction in population of Central Russia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 253:52-57. [PMID: 32777541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role ofESR1 and PGR gene polymorphisms in development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) among Russian women in Central Russia. STUDY DESIGN This case-control study recruited a total of 520 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, including 196 IUGR patients and 324 controls. The participants were unrelated women of self-reported Russian ethnicity. Participants were genotyped at 4 functionally significant polymorphisms of theESR1 (rs2234693, rs9340799) and the PGR (rs484389, rs1042838) genes. The association analysis was performed using logistic regression. Two polymorphisms, which were associated with IUGR, and 26 polymorphisms linked to them (r2≥0.6) were analyzed for their functional significance in silico. RESULTS Haplotype TG of loci rs2234693-rs9340799ESR1 (OR = 1.94, рperm = 0.006) was associated with an increased risk of IUGR. Allele T of rs2234693 decreases expression of ESR1 in thyroid gland, allele T of rs2234693 and allele G of rs9340799 increase affinity to eight transcription factors (AP-4, HEN1, E2A, LBP-1, RP58, LUN, Ets and Hand). The loci that are linked (r2≥0.6) to the IUGR-associated SNPs, have the cis-eQTL value (expression ESR1 in thyroid gland) and showed their regulatory effects in organs and tissues related to pathogenesis of IUGR. CONCLUSION Haplotype TG defined by polymorphisms rs2234693-rs9340799 of theESR1 gene is associated with the development of IUGR in Russian women from Central Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Golovchenko
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Abramova
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Irina Ponomarenko
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeny Reshetnikov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia.
| | - Inna Aristova
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Volodymyr Dvornyk
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal University, 11533 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
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23
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Abbas G, Shah S, Hanif M, Shah A, Rehman AU, Tahir S, Nayab K, Asghar A. The frequency of pulmonary hypertension in newborn with intrauterine growth restriction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8064. [PMID: 32415157 PMCID: PMC7229189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a clinical definition applied to neonates born with clinical features of malnutrition and in-utero growth retardation irrespective of their birth weight percentile. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in neonates with IUGR. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we followed 96 neonates with IUGR (≤28 days) and 38 neonates without IUGR born in the department of the neonatal intensive care unit children hospital complex Multan, Pakistan. We analyzed certain factors such as gender, gestational age (GA) (weeks), birth weight (BW in kg), weight percentile (WP) for GA, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), birth asphyxia (BA) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) for pulmonary hypertension (PH) in IUGR and non-IUGR group. GA was measured by the Ballard scoring system. Echocardiography was performed for all patients by the pediatric cardiologist to measure pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure using Bernoulli’s equation. Out of total 96 IUGR neonates, 33.3% (n = 32) suffered from PH, of which 65.3% (n = 18) were male and 43.7% (n = 14) were female. The percentages of IUGR neonates with BA, MAS and RDS were 34.4%, 18.8% and 22.9% respectively. The data were analyzed using the SPSS-16 software to test the statistical significance of the results. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. When the chi-square test was applied, it depicted that MAS was significantly associated with PH in IUGR neonates (p = 0.0001) compared to non-IUGR neonates. Our findings suggested an increased chance of PH in IUGR neonates and MAS may be a strong factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Shah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abid Shah
- Children hospital and the Institute of Child Health Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ur Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Penang, Sains Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sana Tahir
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Komal Nayab
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arzoo Asghar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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24
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Taine M, Khalfallah O, Forhan A, Glaichenhaus N, Charles MA, Heude B. Does cord blood leptin level mediate the association between neonatal body size and postnatal growth? Results from the EDEN mother-child cohort study. Ann Hum Biol 2020; 47:159-165. [PMID: 32338077 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1748712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Leptin is potentially involved in the correction of early postnatal growth of infants having deviated from their genetic trajectory in utero.Aim: To analyse the potential mediating role of cord blood leptin level in the association between neonatal anthropometry and early postnatal growth in the mother-child EDEN cohort.Subjects and methods: We included term newborns with information on leptin, birth weight and length, and weight and length SD-score changes over the first 2 months. The Baron and Kenny method was used to quantify the mediation contribution of leptin in the association between neonatal anthropometry and postnatal growth, considering several confounders. Analyses were stratified to consider sexual dimorphism.Results: A 1 SD higher birth weight was associated with a lower 2-months weight variation of 0.27 (0.18; 0.36) SD and a 0.16 (0.06; 0.26) SD, in boys and girls, respectively. Leptin explained 20% and 25% of these associations, respectively. Leptin did not mediate the association between birth length and birth-to-2 months length variation.Conclusion: Our results suggest that cord blood leptin may not be involved in the negative association between birth length and postnatal length growth but may play a modest mediating role in early postnatal catch-up or catch-down in weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Taine
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM, Université de Paris, INRAe, Paris, France.,Department of Paediatric endocrinology, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Olfa Khalfallah
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR7275, UMR_S, Valbonne, France
| | - Anne Forhan
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM, Université de Paris, INRAe, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Glaichenhaus
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR7275, UMR_S, Valbonne, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM, Université de Paris, INRAe, Paris, France.,Unité mixte Inserm-Ined-EFS ELFE, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM, Université de Paris, INRAe, Paris, France
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25
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Baines KJ, Rampersaud AM, Hillier DM, Jeyarajah MJ, Grafham GK, Eastabrook G, Lacefield JC, Renaud SJ. Antiviral Inflammation during Early Pregnancy Reduces Placental and Fetal Growth Trajectories. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 204:694-706. [PMID: 31882516 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many viruses are detrimental to pregnancy and negatively affect fetal growth and development. What is not well understood is how virus-induced inflammation impacts fetal-placental growth and developmental trajectories, particularly when inflammation occurs in early pregnancy during nascent placental and embryo development. To address this issue, we simulated a systemic virus exposure in early pregnant rats (gestational day 8.5) by administering the viral dsRNA mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C). Maternal exposure to PolyI:C induced a potent antiviral response and hypoxia in the early pregnant uterus, containing the primordial placenta and embryo. Maternal PolyI:C exposure was associated with decreased expression of the maternally imprinted genes Mest, Sfrp2, and Dlk1, which encode proteins critical for placental growth. Exposure of pregnant dams to PolyI:C during early pregnancy reduced fetal growth trajectories throughout gestation, concomitant with smaller placentas, and altered placental structure at midgestation. No detectable changes in placental hemodynamics were observed, as determined by ultrasound biomicroscopy. An antiviral response was not evident in rat trophoblast stem (TS) cells following exposure to PolyI:C, or to certain PolyI:C-induced cytokines including IL-6. However, TS cells expressed high levels of type I IFNR subunits (Ifnar1 and Ifnar2) and responded to IFN-⍺ by increasing expression of IFN-stimulated genes and decreasing expression of genes associated with the TS stem state, including Mest IFN-⍺ also impaired the differentiation capacity of TS cells. These results suggest that an antiviral inflammatory response in the conceptus during early pregnancy impacts TS cell developmental potential and causes latent placental development and reduced fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Baines
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Amanda M Rampersaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Dendra M Hillier
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Mariyan J Jeyarajah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Grace K Grafham
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Genevieve Eastabrook
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6H 5W9.,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5
| | - James C Lacefield
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7; and.,Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Stephen J Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1; .,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5
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26
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Kaplan O, Wainstock T, Sheiner E, Staretz-Chacham O, Walfisch A. Maternal anemia and offspring failure to thrive - results from a large population-based cohort. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:3889-3895. [PMID: 31847635 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1702018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate whether an association exists between maternal anemia and offspring failure to thrive (FTT) during childhood.Methods: A population-based cohort analysis was performed, comparing the risk for FTT among children (up to 18 years old) based on maternal hemoglobin (Hb) levels, upon postpartum discharge. Maternal Hb levels were categorized into 3 levels: <9.0 (moderate-severe anemia), 9.0-11.0 (mild anemia), and ≥11.0 g/dL (no anemia). FTT diagnosis was based on hospital records. All singletons born between 1991 and 2014 and discharged alive without congenital malformations were included. A survival curve was constructed to compare the cumulative FTT incidence, and a Weibull parametric survival analysis to assess the independent association between maternal anemia and offspring FTT while controlling for confounders.Results: Of the 214,305 included deliveries, 22,071 parturients (10.3%) were discharged with Hb <9.00; 83,932 (39.2%) with Hb between 9.0-11.0; and 108,302 (50.5%) with Hb ≥11.0 g/dL. FTT rates were 1.3% (n = 287), 1.2% (n = 967), and 1.1% (n = 1141) in the same groups, respectively (p = .003). The survival curve demonstrated a significantly higher cumulative incidence of FTT diagnosis in the moderate-severe maternal anemia group (p < .001). In the Weibull analysis, constructed for newborns with appropriate birthweight, both groups of maternal anemia were found to be independently associated with FTT related hospitalizations (mild anemia aHR, 1.1; 95%CI 1.002-1.219; p = .045, moderate-severe anemia aHR, 1.321; 95%CI, 1.141-1.529; p < .001).Conclusion: Maternal anemia is independently associated with long-term FTT in offspring, with increasing FTT rates proportional to anemia severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Kaplan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Goldman Medical School, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Tamar Wainstock
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Orna Staretz-Chacham
- Department of Neonatology, Metabolic clinic, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Asnat Walfisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
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27
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Vazquez-Gomez M, Heras-Molina A, Garcia-Contreras C, Pesantez-Pacheco JL, Torres-Rovira L, Martinez-Fernandez B, Gonzalez J, Encinas T, Astiz S, Ovilo C, Isabel B, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Postnatal Growth, Metabolism and Body Composition of the Offspring. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E535. [PMID: 31717349 PMCID: PMC6912388 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation with the polyphenol hydroxytyrosol in a swine model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) improves the fetal oxidative status, decreases the appearance of low birth-weight neonates and favors growth during early postnatal stages (lactation). The current study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol supplementation can also improve developmental patterns, metabolic traits, and body composition of the offspring during later postnatal stages (from weaning to adulthood). A total of 21 piglets born from control untreated sows and 20 piglets born from sows treated with hydroxytyrosol during the last two-thirds of pregnancy were selected on the basis of similar body weights at weaning, for avoiding any interfering effects occurred during lactation. The pigs in the treated group had higher average daily weight gain (ADWG) and, therefore, reached higher body weight and corpulence, greater muscle development and higher adiposity than their control counterparts. The following were not found: significant effects on metabolism and body composition except changes in the muscular fatty acid composition of the treated pigs coming from the largest litters; those more affected by IUGR processes. These findings suggest that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol may improve juvenile development of offspring in at-risk pregnancies and pave the way for more specific studies aiming to elucidate effects on adiposity, metabolism, and meat organoleptic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vazquez-Gomez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Consolacion Garcia-Contreras
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Jose Luis Pesantez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, 010220 Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Laura Torres-Rovira
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | | | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Micros Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, 24007 Leon, Spain; (B.M.-F.); (J.G.)
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Cristina Ovilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
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28
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Cheng X, Wang Y, Du L. Epigenetic Modulation in the Initiation and Progression of Pulmonary Hypertension. Hypertension 2019; 74:733-739. [PMID: 31476913 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe disease with multiple etiologies. In addition to genetics, recent studies have revealed the epigenetic modulation in the initiation and progression of PH. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of PH, specifically, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. We further emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of these epigenetic hallmarks in PH. Finally, we highlight the developmental reprogramming in adult-onset PH because of adverse perinatal exposures such as intrauterine growth restriction and extrauterine growth restriction. Therefore, epigenetic modifications provide promise for the therapy and prevention of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cheng
- From the Department of Pediatrics, (X.C., Y.W.) Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- From the Department of Pediatrics, (X.C., Y.W.) Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Millership SJ, Van de Pette M, Withers DJ. Genomic imprinting and its effects on postnatal growth and adult metabolism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4009-4021. [PMID: 31270580 PMCID: PMC6785587 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Imprinted genes display parent-of-origin-specific expression with this epigenetic system of regulation found exclusively in therian mammals. Historically, defined imprinted gene functions were almost solely focused on pregnancy and the influence on the growth parameters of the developing embryo and placenta. More recently, a number of postnatal functions have been identified which converge on resource allocation, both for animals in the nest and in adults. While many of the prenatal functions of imprinted genes that have so far been described adhere to the "parental conflict" hypothesis, no clear picture has yet emerged on the functional role of imprints on postnatal metabolism. As these roles are uncovered, interest in the potential for these genes to influence postnatal metabolism and associated adult-onset disease outcomes when dysregulated has gathered pace. Here, we review the published data on imprinted genes and their influence on postnatal metabolism, starting in the nest, and then progressing through to adulthood. When observing the functional effects of these genes on adult metabolism, we must always be careful to acknowledge the influence both of direct expression in the relevant metabolic tissue, but also indirect metabolic programming effects caused by their modulation of both in utero and postnatal growth trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Millership
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Mathew Van de Pette
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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30
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Estienne A, Bongrani A, Reverchon M, Ramé C, Ducluzeau PH, Froment P, Dupont J. Involvement of Novel Adipokines, Chemerin, Visfatin, Resistin and Apelin in Reproductive Functions in Normal and Pathological Conditions in Humans and Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184431. [PMID: 31505789 PMCID: PMC6769682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that adipokines are endocrine factors that are mainly secreted by white adipose tissue. Their central role in energy metabolism is currently accepted. More recently, their involvement in fertility regulation and the development of some reproductive disorders has been suggested. Data concerning the role of leptin and adiponectin, the two most studied adipokines, in the control of the reproductive axis are consistent. In recent years, interest has grown about some novel adipokines, chemerin, visfatin, resistin and apelin, which have been found to be strongly associated with obesity and insulin-resistance. Here, we will review their expression and role in male and female reproduction in humans and animal models. According to accumulating evidence, they could regulate the secretion of GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone), gonadotropins and steroids. Furthermore, their expression and that of their receptors (if known), has been demonstrated in the human and animal hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Like leptin and adiponectin, these novel adipokines could thus represent metabolic sensors that are able to regulate reproductive functions according to energy balance changes. Therefore, after investigating their role in normal fertility, we will also discuss their possible involvement in some reproductive troubles known to be associated with features of metabolic syndrome, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation in women, and sperm abnormalities and testicular pathologies in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maxime Reverchon
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRA Val de Loire, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Ducluzeau
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Internal Medicine Department, Unit of Endocrinology, CHRU Tours, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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Karlı P, Özdemir AZ, Ayan D. Maternal Serum and Fetal Cord Blood C-Reactive Protein Levels but not Procalcitonin Levels Are Increased in Idiopathic Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6512-6517. [PMID: 31469126 PMCID: PMC6738000 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to compare procalcitonin and CRP levels in maternal serum and fetal cord blood samples of patients with idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) vs. a control group of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present prospective study included 43 patients: 27 patients with idiopathic IUGR (IUGR group) and 26 AGA infants at similar gestational ages (control group). Maternal serum and fetal cord blood samples were collected from the control group and IUGR group at time of delivery. Procalcitonin and CRP levels were analyzed in maternal blood. Procalcitonin and CRP levels were analyzed in fetal cord blood. RESULTS The median value of CRP levels in maternal blood was 47.5 mg/dl in the IUGR group and 15.255 mg/dl in the AGA group (p=0.001). The mdian CRP level in cord blood was 36.4 mg/dl (range, 17.3-47.2) in the IUGR group and 10.1 mg/dl (range, 4.07-16.5) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). The median maternal serum procalcitonin level was 0.05 µg/l in the IUGR group and 0.04 µg/l in the AGA group, and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.435). The median procalcitonin value in fetal cord blood was 0.06 µg/l in the IUGR group and 0.04 µg/l in the AGA group, and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.741). CONCLUSIONS Maternal serum and fetal cord CRP levels were higher in the IUGR group; however, there was no difference in procalcitonin, which is another inflammatory indicator, between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pervin Karlı
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Z Özdemir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ondokuz Mayis University IVF Center, Ondokuz Mayis University Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Durmuş Ayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Amasya Central Public Health Laboratory, Amasya, Turkey
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Franklin AD, Saqibuddin J, Stephens K, Birkett R, Marsden L, Ernst LM, Mestan KK. Cord blood alpha klotho is decreased in small for gestational age preterm infants with placental lesions of accelerated aging. Placenta 2019; 87:1-7. [PMID: 31499336 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction is often accompanied by placental vascular disease, of which histologic maternal vascular malperfusion is prominent. Maternal vascular malperfusion is characterized by accelerated villous maturation consistent with placental aging. Alpha klotho is an anti-aging protein produced by the placenta. We hypothesize that cord blood alpha klotho varies with maternal vascular malperfusion and small for gestational age infants through dysregulated angiogenesis. METHODS Nested case-control study of 54 preterm infants (N = 22 small for gestational age infants, 32 appropriate for gestational age infants, mean gestational age = 33.7 ± 2.7 weeks) and validation sample (N = 39) from a longitudinal birth cohort at Prentice Women's Hospital, Chicago, IL. Cord blood alpha klotho was measured via enzyme-linked immunoassay; concentrations were linked to multiplex data of cord blood angiogenic growth factors. RESULTS Median cord blood alpha klotho was decreased in small for gestational age infants (1200 [859, 2083] pg/mL) versus controls (3193 [1703, 3963] pg/mL; p < 0.01) and with severe maternal vascular malperfusion (1170 [760, 2645] pg/mL; P < 0.01), consistent with validation sample. Alpha klotho was decreased with maternal vascular malperfusion sublesions signifying accelerated villous maturation, including increased syncytial knots (1230 [805, 3606] pg/mL; p < 0.05) and distal villous hypoplasia (1170 [770, 3390] pg/mL; p < 0.05). Among 15 angiogenic markers, alpha klotho correlated directly with angiopoietin-2 (beta-coefficient = 2.6, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Cord blood alpha klotho is decreased with small for gestational infants and maternal vascular malperfusion sublesions of accelerated placental villous maturation, and correlated with angiopoietin-2. Alpha klotho may play a role in vascular-mediated accelerated placental aging leading to intrauterine growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Franklin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Juanita Saqibuddin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kelli Stephens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Robert Birkett
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lily Marsden
- Utah State Office of the Medical Examiner, 4451 2700 W, Taylorsville, UT, 84129, USA
| | - Linda M Ernst
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2560 Ridge Ave, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Karen K Mestan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Wang Y, Li SF, Dang YJ, Shi XM, Chen L, Wang N, Cai Y, Zhao YY. Differentially expressed circular RNAs in maternal and neonatal umbilical cord plasma from SGA compared with AGA. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:713-722. [PMID: 31385350 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Small for gestational age (SGA) has a high risk of mortality and morbidity and is common in obstetrics. To date, no effective prediction and treatment tools are available. Acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and disease biomarkers are clear functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, it is still unknown what role circRNAs act in SGA. To explore the role of circRNAs in SGA, circRNA expression patterns of the umbilical cord and maternal plasma in SGA was assessed. We first evaluated circRNAs in umbilical cord blood of the SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) groups by microarray sequencing. In total, 170 340 circRNAs were sequenced, and 144 circRNAs were significantly upregulated while 977 were markedly downregulated. Has_circRNA15994-13, has_circ_0001359, and has_circ_0001360 were abundant and differentially expressed between the SGA and AGA groups, and confirmed in the umbilical cord and maternal blood specimens by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. By combining miRNA microarray data of the SGA placenta tissue in NCBI, it was found that two miRNAs were both hsa_circRNA15994-13 targets and differentially expressed, including hsa-miR-3619-5p and hsa-miR-4741. Further KEEG analysis revealed that the most significant pathway enriched by hsa-miR-3619-5p was Wnt signaling that is closely related to SGA; meanwhile, previous reports demonstrated that hsa-miR-3619-5p directly binds to β-catenin to accommodate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, whereby the suggestive hsa_circRNA15994-13 → hsa-miR-3619-5p → β-catenin signaling pathway may play an important part in SGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Dang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - You Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Yu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Hepatic Fat Accretion and Energy and Fatty Acids Profile of Fetal Tissues. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071534. [PMID: 31284510 PMCID: PMC6682965 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol present in olive leaves and fruits, is a highly promising strategy to improve the oxidative and metabolic status of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-weight neonates. The present study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol, by preventing lipid peroxidation, may influence the fat accretion and energy homeostasis in the liver, as well as the fatty acid composition in the liver and muscle. The results indicate that hydroxytyrosol treatment significantly decreased the energy content of the fetal liver, without affecting fat accretion, and caused significant changes in the availability of fatty acids. There were significant increases in the amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6, which are highly important for adequate fetal tissue development. However, there were increases in the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and the desaturation index, which make further studies necessary to determine possible effects on the pro/anti-inflammatory status of the fetuses.
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Rezende L, Rezende K, Guimaraes M, Dourado AL, da Matta F, Amim Junior J, Bornia R. Evaluation of fetal medicine foundation algorithm in predicting small-for-gestational-age neonates. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:876-882. [PMID: 31113246 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1622664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the performance of the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) 2012 predictive model and of isolated biophysical markers (uterine artery pulsatility index and mean arterial pressure) for small-for-gestational-age (SGA), in patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS For this cross-sectional study, SGA was diagnosed when a newborn presented birth weight below the fifth percentile for gestational age. FMF2012 algorithm sensitivity and specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive value, positive likelihood ratio (LR +) and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated to predict total and preterm SGA (SGA < 37). The performance of isolated biophysical markers - mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean uterine artery pulsatility index (UtAPI) were studied. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 1480 cases: 69 (4.6%) developed SGA, including 12 patients (0.8%) who were SGA < 37. The AUC showed that the performances of the FMF2012 combined model for SGA prediction was 0.687 and for preterm SGA was 0.824. With risk cutoff of 1:150, SGA screening yielded the following: sensitivity, 47%; specificity, 75%; LR +, 1.88; PPV, 8.66%; NPV, 96.72%. When screening for preterm SGA, we found sensitivity 66.6%, specificity 74.59%, LR +: 2.58, PPV 2%, and NPV 99.63%. CONCLUSIONS Performance of the FMF2012 algorithm in predicting SGA in our population was similar to that obtained in the reference population, according to sensitivity, but our false positive rate is significantly higher than the reference population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Rezende
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karina Rezende
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirian Guimaraes
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andre Luiz Dourado
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio da Matta
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joffre Amim Junior
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rita Bornia
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sales F, Peralta OA, Narbona E, McCoard S, Lira R, De Los Reyes M, González-Bulnes A, Parraguez VH. Maternal Supplementation with Antioxidant Vitamins in Sheep Results in Increased Transfer to the Fetus and Improvement of Fetal Antioxidant Status and Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8030059. [PMID: 30857206 PMCID: PMC6466585 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twinning and maternal nutritional restriction leads to fetal hypoxia, oxidative stress, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in near-term sheep pregnancies. Our aim was to determine the effect of oral supplementation of vitamins C and E in pregnant sheep on maternal and umbilical cord blood concentrations of vitamins C and E and the effects on fetal antioxidant status, growth, and placental efficiency. Sixteen single- and sixteen twin-bearing ewes, grazing natural Patagonian prairies, were selected after transrectal ultrasound at day 30 after mating. Half of ewes from each pregnancy rank were supplemented daily with vitamins C and E, administered orally, from 30 to 140 days of gestation, when maternal jugular and fetal venous cord blood samples were obtained during cesarean section. Fetuses were weighed and sexed. Placental weight in each fetus was also obtained. Blood plasma was harvested for measurements of maternal and fetal vitamins concentration and fetal antioxidant capacity. Maternal administration of vitamin C and E was associated with increased fetal cord levels of both vitamins, improved antioxidant status, and enhanced fetal growth in both singleton and twin pregnancies associated with increased placental efficiency. These results highlight the potential of vitamin C and E supplementation to reduce the impact of IUGR in both livestock and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar A Peralta
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
| | - Eileen Narbona
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
| | - Sue McCoard
- AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Raúl Lira
- INIA-Kampenaike, Punta Arenas 6212707, Chile.
| | - Mónica De Los Reyes
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- INIA-Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Víctor H Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
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Millership SJ, Tunster SJ, Van de Pette M, Choudhury AI, Irvine EE, Christian M, Fisher AG, John RM, Scott J, Withers DJ. Neuronatin deletion causes postnatal growth restriction and adult obesity in 129S2/Sv mice. Mol Metab 2018; 18:97-106. [PMID: 30279096 PMCID: PMC6308027 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Imprinted genes are crucial for the growth and development of fetal and juvenile mammals. Altered imprinted gene dosage causes a variety of human disorders, with growth and development during these crucial early stages strongly linked with future metabolic health in adulthood. Neuronatin (Nnat) is a paternally expressed imprinted gene found in neuroendocrine systems and white adipose tissue and is regulated by the diet and leptin. Neuronatin expression is downregulated in obese children and has been associated with stochastic obesity in C57BL/6 mice. However, our recent studies of Nnat null mice on this genetic background failed to display any body weight or feeding phenotypes but revealed a defect in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion due to the ability of neuronatin to potentiate signal peptidase cleavage of preproinsulin. Nnat deficiency in beta cells therefore caused a lack of appropriate storage and secretion of mature insulin. METHODS To further explore the potential role of Nnat in the regulation of body weight and adiposity, we studied classical imprinting-related phenotypes such as placental, fetal, and postnatal growth trajectory patterns that may impact upon subsequent adult metabolic phenotypes. RESULTS Here we find that, in contrast to the lack of any body weight or feeding phenotypes on the C57BL/6J background, deletion of Nnat in mice on 129S2/Sv background causes a postnatal growth restriction with reduced adipose tissue accumulation, followed by catch up growth after weaning. This was in the absence of any effect on fetal growth or placental development. In adult 129S2/Sv mice, Nnat deletion was associated with hyperphagia, reduced energy expenditure, and partial leptin resistance. Lack of neuronatin also potentiated obesity caused by either aging or high fat diet feeding. CONCLUSIONS The imprinted gene Nnat plays a key role in postnatal growth, adult energy homeostasis, and the pathogenesis of obesity via catch up growth effects, but this role is dependent upon genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Millership
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Simon J Tunster
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | | | | | - Elaine E Irvine
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mark Christian
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Amanda G Fisher
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rosalind M John
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Sabra S, Malmqvist E, Almeida L, Gratacos E, Gomez Roig MD. Differential correlations between maternal hair levels of tobacco and alcohol with fetal growth restriction clinical subtypes. Alcohol 2018; 70:43-49. [PMID: 29778069 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to tobacco and alcohol is a known cause, among others, for fetal growth restriction (FGR). Clinically, FGR can be subclassified into two forms: intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small for gestational age (SGA), based on the severity of the growth retardation, and abnormal uterine artery Doppler or cerebro-placental ratio. This study aimed at investigating any differential correlation between maternal exposures to these toxins with the two clinical forms of FGR. Therefore, a case-control study was conducted in Barcelona, Spain. Sixty-four FGR subjects, who were further subclassified into IUGR (n = 36) and SGA (n = 28), and 89 subjects matched appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA), were included. The levels of nicotine (NIC) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG), biomarkers of tobacco and alcohol exposure, respectively, were assessed in the maternal hair in the third trimester. Our analysis showed 65% of the pregnant women consumed alcohol, 25% smoked, and 19% did both. The odds ratios (ORs) of IUGR were 21 times versus 14 times for being SGA with maternal heavy smoking, while with alcohol consumption the ORs for IUGR were 22 times versus 37 times for the SGA group. The differential correlations between these toxins with the two subtypes of FGR suggest different mechanisms influencing fetal weight. Our alarming data of alcohol consumption during pregnancy should be considered for further confirmation among Spanish women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Sabra
- BC Natal Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ebba Malmqvist
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 63 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Laura Almeida
- BC Natal Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- BC Natal Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases CIBER-ER, Carrer del Rosselló, 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Dolores Gomez Roig
- BC Natal Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), e Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Dexamethasone-induced Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction impacts NOSTRIN and its downstream effector genes in the rat mesometrial uterus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8342. [PMID: 29844445 PMCID: PMC5974239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a major cause of fetal and neonatal mortality. Understanding the impact of IUGR on utero-placental gene expression is key to developing effective therapy. In this report we elucidated the impact of IUGR on NOSTRIN and its downstream effector gene expression in the utero-placental compartments. We showed here that induction of IUGR by maternal dexamethasone administration in rats led to up-regulation of NOSTRIN transcript and protein in the mesometrial triangle of the uterus (MG) and not in other utero-placental compartments as compared to control. This was associated with down-regulation of twelve genes and four cytokines that were known to be regulated by NOSTRIN and also required for maintenance of pregnancy. Interestingly, there was remarkable decrease in phosphorylation of RelA transcription factor in the MG during IUGR in line with the fact that the down regulated genes harbour RelA transcription activation domain in their promoters. Furthermore, HIF-1α level was reciprocal to NOSTRIN expression pattern in the mesometrial compartment during IUGR and also in CoCl2 treated endothelial cells. Over-expression of HIF-1α led to a decrease in NOSTRIN levels suggesting inhibition of Nostrin transcription by HIF-1α. Our findings highlight the importance of NOSTRIN in uterine pathophysiology during IUGR.
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Singal SS, Nygard K, Gratton R, Jansson T, Gupta MB. Increased Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 Phosphorylation in Decidualized Stromal Mesenchymal Cells in Human Intrauterine Growth Restriction Placentas. J Histochem Cytochem 2018; 66:617-630. [PMID: 29718759 DOI: 10.1369/0022155418772574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is often caused by placental insufficiency, which is believed to be associated with decreased delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the placental barrier. We recently reported that hypoxia and/or leucine deprivation triggered hyperphosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in decidualized human immortalized endometrial stromal cells (HIESCs), resulting in decreased insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) bioactivity. To test the hypothesis that human IUGR is associated with increased decidual IGFBP-1 phosphorylation at discrete sites, we used IUGR and gestational age matched appropriate for gestational age (AGA) placentas ( n=5 each). We performed dual immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry (IHC) using IGFBP-1 and vimentin as decidual and mesenchymal markers, respectively. Employing a unique strategy with imaging software, we extracted signal intensity of IGFBP-1 expressed specifically from truly decidualized cells of the placenta. Relative IGFBP-1 was increased (85%; p=0.0001) and using custom phospho-site-specific antibodies, we found that IGFBP-1 phosphorylation (pSer101; +40%, p=0.0677/pSer119; +60%, p=0.0064/pSer169; +100%, p=0.0021) was markedly enhanced in IUGR. Together, our data links for the first time, increased decidual IGFBP-1 phosphorylation at discrete sites with human IUGR. These novel findings suggest that hyperphosphorylation of IGFBP-1 in decidualized stromal mesenchymal decidua basalis contributes to potentially elevated levels of phosphorylated IGFBP-1 in maternal circulation in IUGR pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil S Singal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Nygard
- Biotron, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Gratton
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Madhulika B Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Antonson AM, Balakrishnan B, Radlowski EC, Petr G, Johnson RW. Altered Hippocampal Gene Expression and Morphology in Fetal Piglets following Maternal Respiratory Viral Infection. Dev Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29539630 DOI: 10.1159/000486850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal infection during pregnancy increases the risk of neurobehavioral problems in offspring. Evidence from rodent models indicates that the maternal immune response to infection can alter fetal brain development, particularly in the hippocampus. However, information on the effects of maternal viral infection on fetal brain development in gyrencephalic species is limited. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess several effects of maternal viral infection in the last one-third of gestation on hippocampal gene expression and development in fetal piglets. Pregnant gilts were inoculated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) at gestational day (GD) 76 and the fetuses were removed by cesarean section at GD 111 (3 days before anticipated parturition). The gilts infected with PRRSV had elevated plasma interleukin-6 levels and developed transient febrile and anorectic responses lasting approximately 21 days. Despite having a similar overall body weight, fetuses from the PRRSV-infected gilts had a decreased brain weight and altered hippocampal gene expression compared to fetuses from control gilts. Notably, maternal infection caused a reduction in estimated neuronal numbers in the fetal dentate gyrus and subiculum. The number of proliferative Ki-67+ cells was not altered, but the relative integrated density of GFAP+ staining was increased, in addition to an increase in GFAP gene expression, indicating astrocyte-specific gliosis. Maternal viral infection caused an increase in fetal hippocampal gene expression of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ and the myelination marker myelin basic protein. MHCII protein, a classic monocyte activation marker, was reduced in microglia, while expression of the MHCII gene was decreased in hippocampal tissue of the fetuses from PRRSV-infected gilts. Together, these data suggest that maternal viral infection at the beginning of the last trimester results in a reduction in fetal hippocampal neurons that is evident 5 weeks after infection, when fetal piglets are near full term. The neuronal reduction was not accompanied by pronounced neuroinflammation at GD 111, indicating that any activation of classic neuroinflammatory pathways by maternal viral infection, if present, is mostly resolved by parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne M Antonson
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Bindu Balakrishnan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Emily C Radlowski
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Geraldine Petr
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Rodney W Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Vajnerova O, Kafka P, Kratzerova T, Chalupsky K, Hampl V. Pregestational diabetes increases fetoplacental vascular resistance in rats. Placenta 2018; 63:32-38. [PMID: 29486854 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes is a well-known risk factor in pregnancy. Because maternal diabetes involves oxidative stress that is also induced by chronic hypoxia and can alter vascular function, we sought to determine the effects of chronic maternal hyperglycemia on the fetoplacental vasculature in rats and to compare it with the effects of chronic hypoxia. METHODS Diabetes was induced in female rats by a streptozotocin injection at a neonatal age. When these animals reached adulthood, their hyperglycemia was confirmed and they were inseminated. Half of them were exposed to hypoxia (10% O2) for the last week before the delivery. One day before the expected date of delivery, one of their placentae was isolated and perfused. RESULTS Fetoplacental vascular resistance was increased equally by experimental diabetes, chronic hypoxia, and their combination. Fetoplacental perfusion pressure-flow analysis suggested increased resistance in the small vessels in chronic hypoxia and in larger vessels in diabetes. Fetal plasma nitrotyrosine levels, measured as a marker of peroxynitrite (reaction product of superoxide and nitric oxide), mirrored the differences in fetoplacental resistance, suggesting a causative role. Fetoplacental vasoconstrictor reactivity to acute hypoxic stimuli was reduced similarly in all groups. Fasudil, a strong vasodilator agent, reduced fetoplacental vascular resistance similarly in all groups, suggesting that for the observed differences among the groups, the changes in vascular morphology were more important than variances in vascular tone. DISCUSSION Maternal diabetes increases fetoplacental vascular resistance to a similar extent as chronic hypoxia. These stimuli are not additive. Changes in vascular tone are not responsible for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vajnerova
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Kafka
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kratzerova
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Chalupsky
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Hampl
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Changes in renal hemodynamics of undernourished fetuses appear earlier than IUGR evidences. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2018; 9:338-343. [PMID: 29374502 DOI: 10.1017/s204017441800003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study used a sheep model of intrauterine growth restriction, combining maternal undernutrition and twinning, to determine possible markers of early damage to the fetal kidney. The occurrence of early deviations in fetal hemodynamics which may be indicative of changes in blood perfusion was assessed by Doppler ultrasonography. A total of 24 sheep divided in two groups were fed with the same standard grain-based diet but fulfilling either their daily maintenance requirements for pregnancy (control group; n=12, six singleton and six twin pregnancies) or only the 50% of such quantity (food-restricted group; n=12; four singleton and eight twin pregnancies). All the fetuses were assessed by both B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography at Day 115 of pregnancy. Fetal blood supply was affected by maternal undernutrition, although there were still no evidences of brain-sparing excepting in fetuses at greatest challenge (twins in underfed pregnancies). However, there were early changes in the blood supply to the kidneys of underfed fetuses and underfed twins evidenced decreases in kidney size.
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Ashorn P, Hallamaa L, Allen LH, Ashorn U, Chandrasiri U, Deitchler M, Doyle R, Harjunmaa U, Jorgensen JM, Kamiza S, Klein N, Maleta K, Nkhoma M, Oaks BM, Poelman B, Rogerson SJ, Stewart CP, Zeilani M, Dewey KG. Co-causation of reduced newborn size by maternal undernutrition, infections, and inflammation. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2018; 14:e12585. [PMID: 29316198 PMCID: PMC6055652 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
More than 20 million babies are born with low birthweight annually. Small newborns have an increased risk for mortality, growth failure, and other adverse outcomes. Numerous antenatal risk factors for small newborn size have been identified, but individual interventions addressing them have not markedly improved the health outcomes of interest. We tested a hypothesis that in low‐income settings, newborn size is influenced jointly by multiple maternal exposures and characterized pathways associating these exposures with newborn size. This was a prospective cohort study of pregnant women and their offspring nested in an intervention trial in rural Malawi. We collected information on maternal and placental characteristics and used regression analyses, structural equation modelling, and random forest models to build pathway maps for direct and indirect associations between these characteristics and newborn weight‐for‐age Z‐score and length‐for‐age Z‐score. We used multiple imputation to infer values for any missing data. Among 1,179 pregnant women and their babies, newborn weight‐for‐age Z‐score was directly predicted by maternal primiparity, body mass index, and plasma alpha‐1‐acid glycoprotein concentration before 20 weeks of gestation, gestational weight gain, duration of pregnancy, placental weight, and newborn length‐for‐age Z‐score (p < .05). The latter 5 variables were interconnected and were predicted by several more distal determinants. In low‐income conditions like rural Malawi, maternal infections, inflammation, nutrition, and certain constitutional factors jointly influence newborn size. Because of this complex network, comprehensive interventions that concurrently address multiple adverse exposures are more likely to increase mean newborn size than focused interventions targeting only maternal nutrition or specific infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Ashorn
- Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lotta Hallamaa
- Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lindsay H Allen
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, USA.,Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ulla Ashorn
- Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Upeksha Chandrasiri
- Department of Medicine at Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan Deitchler
- Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project, Washington DC, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ronan Doyle
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ulla Harjunmaa
- Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Josh M Jorgensen
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Steve Kamiza
- Faculty of Public Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Nigel Klein
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kenneth Maleta
- Faculty of Public Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Minyanga Nkhoma
- Faculty of Public Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Brietta M Oaks
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Basho Poelman
- Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Stephen J Rogerson
- Department of Medicine at Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christine P Stewart
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mamane Zeilani
- External Research and Nutrition, Nutriset S.A.S, Malaunay, France
| | - Kathryn G Dewey
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Hayward CE, McIntyre KR, Sibley CP, Greenwood SL, Dilworth MR. Mechanisms Underpinning Adaptations in Placental Calcium Transport in Normal Mice and Those With Fetal Growth Restriction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:671. [PMID: 30515131 PMCID: PMC6255882 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal delivery of calcium, via the placenta, is crucial for appropriate skeletal mineralization. We have previously demonstrated that maternofetal calcium transport, per gram placenta, is increased in the placental specific insulin-like growth factor 2 knockout mouse (P0) model of fetal growth restriction (FGR) compared to wild type littermates (WTL). This effect was mirrored in wild-type (WT) mice comparing lightest vs. heaviest (LvH) placentas in a litter. In both models increased placental calcium transport was associated with normalization of fetal calcium content. Despite this adaptation being observed in small normal (WT), and small dysfunctional (P0) placentas, mechanisms underpinning these changes remain unknown. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), elevated in cord blood in FGR and known to stimulate plasma membrane calcium ATPase, might be important. We hypothesized that PTHrP expression would be increased in LvH WT placentas, and in P0 vs. WTL. We used calcium pathway-focused PCR arrays to assess whether mechanisms underpinning these adaptations in LvH WT placentas, and in P0 vs. WTL, were similar. PTHrP protein expression was not different between LvH WT placentas at E18.5 but trended toward increased expression (139%; P = 0.06) in P0 vs. WTL. PCR arrays demonstrated that four genes were differentially expressed in LvH WT placentas including increased expression of the calcium-binding protein calmodulin 1 (1.6-fold; P < 0.05). Twenty-four genes were differentially expressed in placentas of P0 vs. WTL; significant reductions were observed in expression of S100 calcium binding protein G (2-fold; P < 0.01), parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (1.7-fold; P < 0.01) and PTHrP (2-fold; P < 0.05), whilst serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), a regulator of nutrient transporters, was increased (1.4 fold; P < 0.05). Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 (TRAP5 encoded by Acp5) was reduced in placentas of both LvH WT and P0 vs. WTL (1.6- and 1.7-fold, respectively; P < 0.05). Signaling events underpinning adaptations in calcium transport are distinct between LvH placentas of WT mice and those in P0 vs. WTL. Calcium binding proteins appear important in functional adaptations in the former whilst PTHrP and SGK1 are also implicated in the latter. These data facilitate understanding of mechanisms underpinning placental calcium transport adaptation in normal and growth restricted fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E. Hayward
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty R. McIntyre
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Colin P. Sibley
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan L. Greenwood
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Dilworth
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Mark R. Dilworth
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Cai J, Zhao Y, Liu P, Xia B, Zhu Q, Wang X, Song Q, Kan H, Zhang Y. Exposure to particulate air pollution during early pregnancy is associated with placental DNA methylation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1103-1108. [PMID: 28724248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10μm (PM10) during pregnancy results in adverse birth outcomes. Changes in placental DNA methylation might mediate those adverse effects. In this study, we examined the associations between prenatal PM10 exposure and DNA methylation of LINE1, HSD11B2 and NR3C1 in human placenta. One hundred and eighty-one mother newborn pairs (80 fetal growth restriction newborns, 101 normal newborns) participated in this study. The average PM10 exposure of each trimester and of the whole pregnancy was calculated using daily air pollution concentration data. Placental DNA methylation was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction-pyrosequencing. Placental LINE-1 DNA methylation was reversely associated with first trimester PM10 exposure 1.78% (-β=1.78, 95% CI: -3.35, -0.22%), while placental HSD11B2 DNA methylation was associated with both first and second trimester PM10 exposure, and relatively increased by 1.03% (95% CI: 0.07, 1.98%) and 2.33% (95% CI: 0.69, 3.76%) for each 10μg/m3 increase in exposure to PM10. Those associations were much more evident in fetal growth restriction newborns than those in normal newborns. In summary, early pregnancy PM10 exposure was associated with placental DNA methylation of LINE1 and HSD11B2, suggesting that such methylation alterations might mediate PM-induced reproductive and developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Bin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Song
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Miller CN, Dye JA, Ledbetter AD, Schladweiler MC, Richards JH, Snow SJ, Wood CE, Henriquez AR, Thompson LC, Farraj AK, Hazari MS, Kodavanti UP. Uterine Artery Flow and Offspring Growth in Long-Evans Rats following Maternal Exposure to Ozone during Implantation. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:127005. [PMID: 29269335 PMCID: PMC5963593 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest that increased ozone exposure during gestation may compromise fetal growth. In particular, the implantation stage of pregnancy is considered a key window of susceptibility for this outcome. OBJECTIVES The main goals of this study were to investigate the effects of short-term ozone inhalation during implantation on fetal growth outcomes and to explore the potential for alterations in uterine arterial flow as a contributing mechanism. METHODS Pregnant Long-Evans rats were exposed to filtered air, 0.4 ppm ozone, or 0.8 ppm ozone for 4 h/d during implantation, on gestation days (GD) 5 and 6. Tail cuff blood pressure and uterine artery Doppler ultrasound were measured on GD 15, 19, and 21. To assess whether peri-implantation ozone exposure resulted in sustained pulmonary or systemic health effects, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serum metabolic and inflammatory end points, and kidney histopathology were evaluated in dams at GD 21. Growth parameters assessed in GD 21 offspring included fetal weight, length, and body composition. RESULTS Measures of maternal uterine arterial flow, including resistance index and mean velocity, indicated that resistance increased between GD 15 and GD 21 in 0.8 ppm dams but decreased in controls, although absolute values were similar in both groups on GD 21. Ozone-exposed dams also had lower serum glucose and higher free fatty acid concentrations than controls on GD 21. On GD 21, both male and female offspring had lower body weight than controls, and pooled subsets of 3 male and 3 female fetuses from litters exposed to 0.8 ppm ozone had lower lean mass and fat mass than pooled control offspring. CONCLUSIONS Findings from our experimental model suggest that the offspring of dams exposed to ozone during implantation had reduced growth compared with controls, possibly as a consequence of ozone-induced vascular dysfunction. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette N Miller
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Janice A Dye
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allen D Ledbetter
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mette C Schladweiler
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Judy H Richards
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Samantha J Snow
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles E Wood
- Integrated Systems Toxicology Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andres R Henriquez
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Leslie C Thompson
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aimen K Farraj
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mehdi S Hazari
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Urmila P Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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48
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Sukenik-Halevy R, Katz A, Regev RH, Markovitch O, Sharony R, Ganor Paz Y, Biron-Shental T. The yield of the prenatal work-up in intrauterine growth restriction and the spectrum of fetal abnormalities detected postnatally. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 32:753-759. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1391776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rivka Sukenik-Halevy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Adi Katz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rivka H. Regev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Neonatology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Ofer Markovitch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Ultrasound Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Reuven Sharony
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Yael Ganor Paz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Biron-Shental
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
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49
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Sabra S, Malmqvist E, Saborit A, Gratacós E, Gomez Roig MD. Heavy metals exposure levels and their correlation with different clinical forms of fetal growth restriction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185645. [PMID: 28985223 PMCID: PMC5630121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal heavy metals exposure has shown a negative impact on birth weight. However, their influence on different clinical forms of fetal smallness was never assessed. Objectives To investigate whether there is a differential association between heavy metals exposure and fetal smallness subclassification into intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small-for-gestational age (SGA). Method In this prospective case-control study, we included 178 mother–infant pairs; 96 of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 82 of small fetuses diagnosed in third trimester. The small ones were further subclassified into IUGR, n = 49 and SGA, n = 33. Cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and zinc (Zn) levels were measured in the maternal and cord serum, and in the placentas of the three groups. Results Maternal serum level of Cd (p<0.001) was higher in the small fetuses compared to AGA. Fetal serum level of Cd (p<0.001) was increased in the small fetuses compared to AGA. Fetal serum level of Hg (p<0.05) showed an increase in SGA compared to both IUGR and AGA. Fetal serum level of Zn was increased in the AGA (p < 0.001) compared to each of the small fetuses groups. Only differences in the levels between the small fetuses’ subgroups were detected in the fetal serum levels of Cd and Hg. Fetal birth weight was negatively correlated with the fetal serum level of Cd (p < 0.001). No differences in the placental heavy metal levels were observed among the groups. Conclusion Fetal serum levels of Cd showed differential correlation between small fetuses' clinical subclassification, which together with the increased Cd levels in both maternal and fetal serum of the small fetuses reinforce the negative influence of heavy metals on birth weight. These findings provide more opportunities to verify the role of heavy metals exposure in relation to small fetuses’ subclassification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Sabra
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ebba Malmqvist
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alicia Saborit
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Gomez Roig
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Maternal and Child Health and Development Network Retics Red SAMID, Health Research Institute Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39–57, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- * E-mail:
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50
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Simic M, Stephansson O, Petersson G, Cnattingius S, Wikström AK. Slow fetal growth between first and early second trimester ultrasound scans and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) birth. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184853. [PMID: 28934257 PMCID: PMC5608242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the association between fetal growth between first and early second trimester ultrasound scan and the risk of severe small for gestational age (SGA) birth. Methods This cohort study included 69 550 singleton pregnancies with first trimester dating and an early second trimester growth scan in Stockholm and Gotland Counties, Sweden between 2008 and 2014. Exposure was difference in biparietal diameter growth between observed and expected at the second trimester scan, calculated by z-scores. Risk of birth of a severe SGA infant (birth weight for gestational age by fetal sex less than the 3rd centile) was calculated using multivariable logistic regression analysis and presented as adjusted odds ratio (aOR). Results Parietal growth less than 2.5 percentile between first and second trimester ultrasound examination was associated with elevated risk of being born severe SGA. (aOR 1.67; 95% Confidence Interval 1.28–2.18). The risks of preterm severe SGA (birth before 37 weeks) and term severe SGA (birth 37 weeks or later) were at similar levels, and risk of severe SGA were also elevated in the absence of preeclampsia, hypertensive diseases or gestational diabetes. Conclusions Fetuses with slow growth of biparietal diameter at ultrasound examination in early second trimester exhibit increased risk of being born SGA independent of gestational age at birth and presence of maternal hypertensive diseases or diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Simic
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Olof Stephansson
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Gunnar Petersson
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Cnattingius
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Wikström
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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