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Lyu M, Xiong Y, Wang H, Yang L, Chen J, Ren P. Why rejection sensitivity leads to adolescents' loneliness: Differential exposure, reactivity, and exposure-reactivity models. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 39301917 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rejection sensitivity is considered a risk factor for loneliness; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Adopting the constructs of exposure, reactivity, and exposure-reactivity from the personality framework, this study investigated three models of rejection sensitivity, bullying victimization, and loneliness to reveal why rejection sensitivity leads to loneliness among Chinese early adolescents. METHODS Using a longitudinal design, three-wave data were obtained (with approximately 6-month intervals) from 2381 Chinese early adolescents (51.2% boys at Time 1, Mage = 13.38, SD = 0.59) from 7 secondary schools. Students reported on their rejection sensitivity at Time 1, bullying victimization at Times 1 and 2, and their loneliness at Times 2 and 3. A longitudinal moderated mediation model was conducted to analyze the association between variables. RESULTS Path analyses demonstrated that rejection sensitivity was associated with greater loneliness for adolescents in which association was mediated by bullying victimization. High levels of rejection sensitivity exacerbate the adverse effect of bullying victimization on loneliness. Furthermore, in line with the differential exposure-reactivity model, the effect of rejection sensitivity on loneliness mediated by bullying victimization only existed for high rejection-sensitive adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasize the dual role of rejection sensitivity in the development process of adolescents' loneliness and highlight the importance of identifying rejection-sensitive adolescents for intervention and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhua Lyu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuke Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Higher Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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2
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Richter M, Kouri G, Meuwly N, Schoebi D. Rejection in romantic relationships: Does rejection sensitivity modulate emotional responses to perceptions of negative interactions? BMC Psychol 2024; 12:365. [PMID: 38918802 PMCID: PMC11201850 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rejection is a highly stressful experience and individuals tend to avoid it whenever possible. In intimate relationships, experiences of rejection can shape the interaction dynamics between partners. Highly rejection sensitive people fear that their romantic partner will reject them and they overreact to any ambiguous cues that might indicate rejection. Furthermore, because they focus on the threat of rejection, they may have difficulty disengaging from rejection-related emotions, persevere in a rejection-focused state and have a reduced capacity to regulate their emotions. The prolonged experience of strong negative emotions, together with maladaptive attempts to respond to rejection, may undermine key relationship maintenance processes that contribute to relationship functioning and lead to negative reciprocity in interactions. The goal of the present study was to shed light on how individuals experience rejection-related emotions and determine whether, following perceptions of negative interactions, rejection sensitivity was associated with stronger negative responses and less efficient downregulation of negative emotions. In addition, we examined whether dyadic patterns of rejection sensitivity were associated with negative emotion dynamics following perceptions of negative interactions. METHODS The participants (N = 298) were couples experiencing the transition to parenthood. A multilevel modelling approach was used to assess the associations between rejection sensitivity, perceptions of negative interactions and emotional states. The analyses included repeated daily reports for both rejection and emotions. RESULTS The results suggest that rejection sensitive individuals do not report higher negative emotions when they perceive negative interactions. Moreover, rejection sensitive men and women did not remain longer in a negative emotional state after they perceived negative interactions with their partner. Finally, when both men and women partners reported higher levels of rejection sensitivity, neither reported having higher negative emotions after experiencing negative interaction perceptions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide further insights into emotional dynamics and rejection sensitivity in romantic relationships. Our results do not provide evidence for a link between rejection sensitivity and higher negative emotions or slower recovery after reports of negative interactions. If individuals suppress their emotions, they may not benefit from regulation with their partner and instead may protect themselves over their relationships. However, in this context, rejection sensitivity might also not constitute a strong predictor of daily emotion fluctuations, but other variables- such as relationship satisfaction - might. Future research may investigate emotional responses in a sample with higher levels of rejection sensitivity and use more diverse measures of perceptions of negative interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Richter
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue de Faucigny 2, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland.
| | - Georgia Kouri
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Meuwly
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue de Faucigny 2, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Schoebi
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue de Faucigny 2, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
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Yoon Y, Eisenstadt M, Lereya ST, Deighton J. Gender difference in the change of adolescents' mental health and subjective wellbeing trajectories. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:1569-1578. [PMID: 35246720 PMCID: PMC8896070 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-01961-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gender differences in adolescents' mental health problems have been extensively reported. Yet, there is limited research in exploring longitudinal trends in mental health and wellbeing between boys and girls. This study investigated any emerging developmental trends of gender differences in mental health problems and subjective wellbeing for young people from early to mid-adolescence in England. A longitudinal group of 8612 young people's mental health and subjective wellbeing trajectories were investigated between the period of ages 11/12 and 13/14. Mental health difficulties and subjective wellbeing were measured using the child self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Short Warwick and Edinburgh Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), respectively. Any gender difference in the change of adolescents' mental health and subjective wellbeing over 3 year period were estimated using multi-level regression while accounting for various socio-demographic and resilience factors. Young people are at increased risk of mental health problems between the ages of 11 and 14, particularly girls. The overall difficulty levels reported by girls were significantly higher than boys across a range of mental health problems and subjective wellbeing. These developmental trends persisted after controlling for a broad range of potential confounders. Young people has shown clear signs of mental distress as they get older. This escalation was particularly evident among girls. Distress can come at the time of significant physical, emotional, and social changes in an adolescents' life, and can be heightened during secondary school transition. This evidence highlights the importance of early intervention to reduce risk of distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeosun Yoon
- EBPU (Evidence Based Practice Unit), UCL and Anna Freud Centre, 4-8 Rodney street, London, N1 9NH UK
| | - Mia Eisenstadt
- EBPU (Evidence Based Practice Unit), UCL and Anna Freud Centre, 4-8 Rodney street, London, N1 9NH UK
| | - Suzet Tanya Lereya
- EBPU (Evidence Based Practice Unit), UCL and Anna Freud Centre, 4-8 Rodney street, London, N1 9NH UK
| | - Jessica Deighton
- EBPU (Evidence Based Practice Unit), UCL and Anna Freud Centre, 4-8 Rodney street, London, N1 9NH UK
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Schell SE, Racine SE. Reconsidering the role of interpersonal stress in eating pathology: Sensitivity to rejection might be more important than actual experiences of peer stress. Appetite 2023; 187:106588. [PMID: 37148973 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rejection sensitivity (i.e., the tendency to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and overreact to real or perceived rejection) is theorized to play a role in the onset and maintenance of disordered eating. Although rejection sensitivity has repeatedly been associated with eating pathology in clinical and community samples, the pathways through which this psychological trait influences eating pathology have been not fully established. The current study investigated peer-related stress, which can be influenced by rejection sensitivity and is associated with eating pathology, as a mechanism linking these constructs. In two samples of women - 189 first-year undergraduate students and 77 community women with binge eating - we examined whether rejection sensitivity was indirectly associated with binge eating and weight/shape concerns via ostracism and peer victimization, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Our hypotheses were not supported: there were no indirect associations between rejection sensitivity and eating pathology via interpersonal stress in either sample. However, we did find that rejection sensitivity was directly associated with weight/shape concerns in both samples and with binge eating in the clinical sample in cross-sectional (but not longitudinal) analyses. Our findings suggest that the association between rejection sensitivity and disordered eating is not dependent on actual experiences of interpersonal stress. That is, simply anticipating or perceiving rejection may be sufficient to play a role in eating pathology. As such, interventions targeting rejection sensitivity may be helpful in the treatment of eating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Schell
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sarah E Racine
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
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Sahi RS, Eisenberger NI, Silvers JA. Peer facilitation of emotion regulation in adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 62:101262. [PMID: 37302349 PMCID: PMC10276262 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotion regulation is particularly important for adolescents as they undergo normative developmental changes in affective systems and experience heightened risk for psychopathology. Despite a high need for emotion regulation during adolescence, commonly studied emotion regulation strategies like cognitive reappraisal are less beneficial for adolescents than adults because they rely on neural regions that are still developing during this period (i.e., lateral prefrontal cortex). However, adolescence is also marked by increased valuation of peer relationships and sensitivity to social information and cues. In the present review, we synthesize research examining emotion regulation and peer influence across development to suggest that sensitivity to peers during adolescence could be leveraged to improve emotion regulation for this population. We first discuss developmental trends related to emotion regulation at the level of behavior and brain in adolescents, using cognitive reappraisal as an exemplar emotion regulation strategy. Next, we discuss social influences on adolescent brain development, describing caregiver influence and increasing susceptibility to peer influence, to describe how adolescent sensitivity to social inputs represents both a window of vulnerability and opportunity. Finally, we conclude by describing the promise of social (i.e., peer-based) interventions for enhancing emotion regulation in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia S Sahi
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naomi I Eisenberger
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Silvers
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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6
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Gamache J, Clinchard C, Egan M, Steinberg L, Casas B, Kim-Spoon J. Longitudinal Associations Between Peer Victimization and Positive and Negative Social Risk Taking in Adolescence and Young Adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2023:10.1007/s10964-023-01803-9. [PMID: 37306835 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by heightened risk taking, along with salient peer relationships. This study leveraged data from 167 adolescents across five years (M(SD)age = 15.05 (0.54) years at Time 1; 47% female) to examine how risk perception and peer victimization in adolescence interrelate and predict risk likelihood in young adulthood. Bivariate growth curve modeling revealed that higher initial levels of positive social risk perception predicted a slower decrease in relational victimization throughout adolescence. Higher initial levels of relational victimization in adolescence predicted higher negative social risk likelihood in young adulthood. Adolescents with heightened risk sensitivity to positive social risks may be vulnerable to relational victimization, and prevention efforts to reduce relational victimization may protect adolescents from future negative risk taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Gamache
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | | | - Megan Egan
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
- Department of Psychology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brooks Casas
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
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Ciydem E, Avci D, Uyar M, Seyhan A. The relationship between basic psychological needs and emotional and behavioral problems in middle school students. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2023. [PMID: 36727582 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic psychological needs are universal sources of mental growth and development. PURPOSE This study investigated the relationship between basic psychological needs and emotional and behavioral problems in middle school students. METHODOLOGY This study adopted a cross-sectional and correlational research design. The sample consisted of 1099 students from three middle schools with different socioeconomic backgrounds. Data were collected using a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (BPNS). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS A one-unit increase in autonomy, competence, and relatedness led to a 0.312, 0.263, and 0.312 decrease in emotional and behavioral problems, respectively (p < 0.05). The regression analysis showed that gender (female), academic performance (poor), mother's parenting style (authoritarian), and father's parenting style (permissive) were the risk factors affecting participants' emotional and behavioral problems (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that some basic psychological needs and sociodemographic characteristics make middle school students more likely to develop emotional and behavioral problems. Authorities should develop interventions on basic psychological needs to promote emotional and behavioral development. Researchers should assess the effectiveness of those interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Ciydem
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Avci
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Murat Uyar
- Bandırma Guidance and Research Center, Guidance and Psychological Counseling, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Seyhan
- Bandırma Guidance and Research Center, Guidance and Psychological Counseling, Balıkesir, Turkey
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8
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Natarajan G, Prasad A. Construction and validation of Rejection Sensitive Expectation, Perception, and Reaction Questionnaire-Partner (RSEPR-P). JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2023; 49:129-150. [PMID: 36150128 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Rejection Sensitive Expectation, Perception, and Reaction Questionnaire-Partner (RSEPR-P) was developed to assess rejection expectation, perception of rejection, and reactions to perceived rejection among intimate partners. This article details the construction and validation procedures, including item pool generation, factor analysis, and the estimation of reliability and validity. The researchers examined the psychometric properties of RSEPR-P in a community sample of 151 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the final 24 items suggested four-factor loading with each subscale loading on a separate factor. The subscales had good to excellent internal consistency. In support of the convergent validity, RSEPR-P exhibited robust correlations with rejection sensitivity-personal, mindfulness, marital adjustment, and self-esteem measures. A 6-month test-retest reliability was established. RSEPR-P is proposed to have potential therapeutic and research utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Natarajan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Aswathi Prasad
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
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9
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Barton BB, Reinhard MA, Goerigk S, Wüstenberg T, Musil R, Ehring T, Jobst A, Dewald-Kaufmann J, Padberg F. Association between the behavioral response during social exclusion and recalled childhood maltreatment. Behav Res Ther 2023; 160:104232. [PMID: 36459815 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Social exclusion is a critical event for mental health. Patients with interpersonal dysfunction, e.g., with borderline personality disorder (BPD) or persistent depressive disorder (PDD), are particularly vulnerable, often based on their experiences of early adversity in life. The etiological pathways from childhood maltreatment (CM) to current behavior during social exclusion are still underexplored. This cross-diagnostic study investigated the relationship between self-reported CM and behavioral reaction to social exclusion in an experimental paradigm (Cyberball). Data from 140 subjects including patients with BPD and PDD as well as healthy controls were analyzed. The effect of CM (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) on behavior to social exclusion during Cyberball (ball tossing behavior) was analyzed including rejection sensitivity (RS) as a mediator. In the whole sample, the CTQ score (B = -.004, p < .05) as well as the emotional neglect subscore (B = -.016, p < .01) were associated with a reduced ball tossing behavior towards the excluder. There were no significant indirect effects involving RS. These current findings support the relationship between CM and an altered interpersonal response in critical interpersonal situations. Larger cohorts with multidimensional data in social domains are warranted to further investigate the link between CM and current interpersonal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara B Barton
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Matthias A Reinhard
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Stephan Goerigk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany; Charlotte Fresenius Hochschule, Infanteriestraße 11a, 80797 Munich, Germany; Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802, Munich, Germany.
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Bonhoefferweg 3, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Richard Musil
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Ehring
- Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802, Munich, Germany.
| | - Andrea Jobst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Dewald-Kaufmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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Freitag SL, Lenzenweger MF, Crowson HM. Does Self-Silencing Behavior Mediate the Relation Between Rejection Sensitivity and Sexual Violence Victimization? Violence Against Women 2022:10778012221142918. [PMID: 36474445 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221142918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous research reveals that rejection sensitivity is associated with both sexual violence victimization and self-silencing behavior, yet the association among these variables has not been examined. As the foundation for this study, we propose a theoretical model that integrates these constructs. Using mediational analyses with bootstrapping, the results from a sample of 241 heterosexual college women revealed that consistent with the proposed model, self-silencing mediated the link between rejection sensitivity and reports of unwanted sexual contact and rape. The implications of the findings for the prevention of victimization/revictimization and interventions with victimized women are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark F Lenzenweger
- State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
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Xu XP, Liu QQ, Li ZH, Yang WX. The Mediating Role of Loneliness and the Moderating Role of Gender between Peer Phubbing and Adolescent Mobile Social Media Addiction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10176. [PMID: 36011810 PMCID: PMC9407745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mobile social media addiction has been a pressing issue in adolescents. The present study examined the mediation of loneliness between peer phubbing and mobile social media addiction among Chinese adolescents and tested whether gender could moderate the direct and indirect effects of peer phubbing. A total of 830 adolescents between 11 and 18 years of age (Mage = 14.480, SDage = 1.789) completed an anonymous self-report survey. The results showed that peer phubbing was positively associated with mobile social media addiction. Loneliness partially mediated peer phubbing and adolescent mobile social media addiction. There were significant gender differences in the direct and indirect effects of peer phubbing on mobile social media addiction. The direct effect of peer phubbing and the indirect effect through loneliness were relatively higher in girls than in boys. The results highlight the critical role of loneliness in linking peer phubbing to adolescent mobile social media addiction and the vital role of gender in moderating the direct and indirect impacts of peer phubbing. The findings promote a better understanding of how peer phubbing is associated with adolescent mobile phone addiction and for whom the effect of peer phubbing is potent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Pan Xu
- Institute for Public Policy and Social Management Innovation, College of Political Science and Public Administration, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- School of Sociology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qing-Qi Liu
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Xian Yang
- Center of Mental Health Education and Counseling, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Inman EM, London B. Self-silencing Mediates the Relationship Between Rejection Sensitivity and Intimate Partner Violence. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP12475-NP12494. [PMID: 33703956 DOI: 10.1177/0886260521997948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence, including physical, psychological, and sexual violence, affects over one-third of Americans and is particularly common among college students. Previous work has found links between rejection sensitivity and aggressive or hostile behavior (i.e., perpetration) in intimate relationships, but this construct has only been tested as a predictor of violence in an all-male sample. A related body of work has found relationships between self-silencing and rejection sensitivity, and between self-silencing and both hostile and ingratiating behavior. The purpose of this study was to bridge these related literatures and examine the relationship between rejection sensitivity and intimate partner violence experiences and the role of self-silencing as a possible mediator. To test these relationships, we collected survey data from a sample of college students (N = 410) at a large university in the northeast United States. Using mediation analyses, we found that rejection sensitivity predicted intimate partner violence victimization (i.e., being the target of violence) through self-silencing. Similarly, rejection sensitivity predicted intimate partner violence perpetration (i.e., being violent toward one's partner) through self-silencing. Neither gender nor race significantly moderated either path of the models. Implications of this study include incorporating individual difference variables in intimate partner violence research and programming.
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Lesnick J, Mendle J. Rejection sensitivity and negative urgency: A proposed framework of intersecting risk for peer stress. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2021.100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Valdivia-Peralta M, Paino M, Fonseca-Pedrero E, González-Bravo L. Attitudes Toward Dating Violence in Early and Late Adolescents in Concepción, Chile. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:5948-5968. [PMID: 30526215 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518815724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study compares attitudes toward teen relationship (or dating) violence (TRV) between early and late adolescents in the province of Concepción, Chile. The sample consisted of 770 adolescents, aged between 11 and 19 with an average age of 14.8 years old, of which 389 were female (50.5%) and 381 were male (49.5%). An adapted version of the Scale of Attitudes Towards Intimate Violence was used. Results found greater justifying attitudes toward violence in early adolescents than in late adolescents, in 6 of 12 items of the scale, with a statistical significance of p ≤ .001 in 4 items and in the overall score, and p ≤ .05 in 2 items. In the comparison according to sex, male adolescents tended to justify violence more than female adolescents did in one item (p ≤ .001). In dating/no dating comparison, statistically significant differences were found in just 2 items, in favor of those who are not in a relationship (p ≤ .05). These results are analyzed and discussed in relation to previous literature. Finally, orientations to future interventions are proposed, and it is suggested that aspects related to sampling and possible modulating variables such as cognitive development and moral development be considered for future investigations.
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Johns L, Maharjan S, Magana G, Kamptner L, Lewin M. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adulthood Negotiation in Intimate Partner Violence: The Sequentially Paradoxical Role of Interpersonal Sensitivity Among Female Inmates. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:6883-6902. [PMID: 30614376 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518823298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined interpersonal sensitivity and hostility as separate and sequential mediators in the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and the conflict tactic of negotiation (e.g., a strategy utilized to resolve conflict with a romantic partner) among female inmates. Participants were 258 female inmates recruited from three Southern California jails. After statistically controlling for partner-negotiation, results from a sequential mediation model revealed that the association between ACE and negotiation was mediated through three separate pathways. The first single mediational pathway indicated that ACE was positively associated with interpersonal sensitivity, which in turn had a positive association with negotiation. The second single mediational pathway revealed that ACE was positively associated with hostility, which in turn had a negative association with negotiation. Finally, the sequential meditational path revealed that interpersonal sensitivity through hostility mediated the ACE and negotiation relationship. The present results suggest that ACE may result in increased interpersonal sensitivity, which may paradoxically result in both more and less negotiation with romantic partners. That is, ACE through interpersonal sensitivity alone may result in more negotiation, and ACE through interpersonal sensitivity and then hostility may result in less negotiation with romantic partners. We explicate how the psychopathological construct of interpersonal sensitivity may lead to increased and decreased rates of the positively construed conflict tacit of negotiation. In addition, the present findings are discussed in light of the high rates of both revictimization and perpetration of violence among female inmates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance Johns
- California State University, San Bernardino, USA
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Joss D, Khan A, Lazar SW, Teicher MH. A pilot study on amygdala volumetric changes among young adults with childhood maltreatment histories after a mindfulness intervention. Behav Brain Res 2020; 399:113023. [PMID: 33249071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala morphometry is highly sensitive to stress and is implicated in various psychopathologies that are common among individuals with childhood maltreatment histories. This pilot study investigated bilateral amygdala volumetric changes among 15 young adults with childhood maltreatment histories undergoing an eight-week mindfulness intervention compared to 19 matched participants in a waitlist control group. Results indicated significant cross-individual variability in amygdala volumetric changes after the intervention, which resulted in no significant group by time interaction effect. Degree and direction of changes in right amygdala volume correlated with baseline volumes, with larger than average right amygdala showing an increase in volume and smaller amygdala a decrease. Increasing right amygdala volume was also associated with higher intervention compliance, and a greater increase in self-compassion. Increasing left amygdala volume was associated with more reduction in perceived stress, rejection sensitivity and interpersonal distress. Findings from the present study highlight the importance of investigating individual variability and its contributing factors in future studies on neural responses of mindfulness interventions, as well as the distinct responses of the left and right amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Joss
- Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alaptagin Khan
- Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara W Lazar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin H Teicher
- Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Rudolph J, Zimmer‐gembeck MJ. Parent relationships and adolescents' depression and social anxiety: Indirect associations via emotional sensitivity to rejection threat. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rudolph
- School of Applied Psychology and Griffith Health Institute, Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Melanie J. Zimmer‐gembeck
- School of Applied Psychology and Griffith Health Institute, Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia,
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Hafner N, Pepping CA, Wertheim EH. Dispositional mindfulness, rejection sensitivity, and behavioural responses to rejection: The role of emotion regulation. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuala Hafner
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia,
| | | | - Eleanor H. Wertheim
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia,
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Too Much Too Soon?: Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Romantic Relationships in Adolescent Girls. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 47:1995-2005. [PMID: 31240430 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the centrality of adult romantic relationships to the conceptualization of borderline personality disorder (BPD), little is known about the earlier development of this interdependency during adolescence. Thus, we examined the co-development of romantic relationships and BPD symptoms from ages 15 to 19 in a large urban sample of girls (N = 2310) in the Pittsburgh Girls Study. We had two major aims. First, we sought to examine associations between BPD symptoms and romantic relationship involvement (number of partners, importance of relationship) and relational insecurity (concerns about infidelity and tactics to maintain relationship) during adolescence. Second, we investigated mutual influences and temporal precedence of BPD symptoms and four specific romantic relationship characteristics (perceived support and antagonism, verbal and physical aggression) during adolescence using latent growth curve models (LGCMs). Results indicated that BPD symptoms were associated with increased involvement in romantic relationships and heightened relational insecurity across adolescence. Furthermore, higher BPD symptoms at age 15 predicted increases in antagonism, verbal aggression, and physical aggression across ages 15 to 19. Conversely, perceptions of higher levels of relationship support at age 15 predicted steeper increases in BPD symptoms across ages 15 to 19, suggesting a potential negative influence of early involvement in close romantic relationships. These findings demonstrate the reciprocal nature of romantic relationship functioning and BPD symptoms during adolescence and suggest novel prevention targets for youth at risk for BPD.
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Feinstein BA. The Rejection Sensitivity Model as a Framework for Understanding Sexual Minority Mental Health. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 49:2247-2258. [PMID: 31286339 PMCID: PMC8714401 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-1428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minorities are disproportionately affected by mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, suicidality). Minority stress theory and the psychological mediation framework have become the predominant conceptual models used to explain these disparities, and they have led to substantial advances in research on stigma-related stress and mental health. However, the field's reliance on these models has limited the extent to which other theories have been considered as potential frameworks for further advancing our understanding of sexual minority mental health. In this article, I discuss how the rejection sensitivity (RS) model can be used to complement and extend minority stress theory and the psychological mediation framework by: (1) emphasizing the role of perception in stigma-related experiences; (2) acknowledging the unique consequences of different anticipatory emotions; (3) describing additional mechanisms linking proximal minority stressors to mental health; and (4) further specifying the temporal order of these processes. I conclude by discussing the importance of attending to developmental processes in research on sexual orientation-related RS and describing important directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Feinstein
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Ave., #14-047, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Downey G, Daniels JE. The Dynamic Ecology of Rejection and Acceptance: Mental Health Implications. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 49:2269-2273. [PMID: 31965449 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-020-01636-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Downey
- Center for Justice and Psychology Department, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Jarrell E Daniels
- Center for Justice and Psychology Department, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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Nonattachment Predicts Empathy, Rejection Sensitivity, and Symptom Reduction After a Mindfulness-Based Intervention Among Young Adults with a History of Childhood Maltreatment. Mindfulness (N Y) 2020; 11:975-990. [PMID: 32382357 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-020-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Individuals with a childhood maltreatment history tend to have various psychological symptoms and impaired social functioning. This study aimed to investigate the related therapeutic effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in this population. Methods We analyzed self-report questionnaire scores of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Non-Attachment Scale (NAS), Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (A-RSQ), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), PTSD CheckList (PCL), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), from 16 (3 males) young adults (age range 22-29) with mild to moderate childhood maltreatment, compared to 18 matched participants (6 males) on a waiting list, during both pre- and post-intervention/waiting periods. Analyses were conducted with linear mixed effects models, partial correlation analyses and t-tests. Results There were group by time interaction effects with the scores of MAAS, NAS, PCL, IRI-Fantasy, and A-RSQ (p < .05). The mindfulness group had significant increase in MAAS (17.325%) and NAS (8.957%) scores, as well as reduction in PCL (15.599%) and A-RSQ (23.189%) scores (p < .05). Changes in non-attachment, but not mindfulness, had significant contributions to the score changes of PCL (16.375%), ASI (36.244%), IRI-Personal Distress (24.141%), IRI-Empathic Concern (16.830%), and A-RSQ (10.826%) (p < .05). The number of intervention sessions attended was correlated with score changes of NAS (r = .955, p < .001), and ASI (r = -.887, p < .001), suggesting a dose-dependent effect. Conclusions Findings from this pilot study suggest that the mindfulness-based intervention improved mindfulness, non-attachment and empathy, which contributed to reduced interpersonal distress, rejection sensitivity and other psychological symptoms.
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McGuire TC, McCormick KC, Koch MK, Mendle J. Pubertal Maturation and Trajectories of Depression During Early Adolescence. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1362. [PMID: 31244742 PMCID: PMC6582206 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Beginning at puberty, prevalence of depression in females rises dramatically. The physical changes of puberty coincide with a period of social flux, during which relationships become less stable and more prone to conflict. While this social upheaval is normatively distressing for girls, it may be especially so for girls with cognitive styles that leave them more susceptible to depression. The present study investigated depressive symptoms at two time points during early pubertal maturation. N = 110 girls (M age = 11.57, SD = 0.98) reported on depressive symptomology, pubertal maturation, ruminative coping style, frequency of peer conflict, and rejection sensitivity. Multivariate analyses suggest more advanced pubertal development and greater rejection sensitivity at Time 1 predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms at Time 2, after accounting for baseline levels of depressive symptoms and all other social and cognitive correlates of depression. This effect was also found in early maturing girls. Menarche status was not significant. Since menarche occurs toward the end of puberty, results suggest that risk for worsening depression is not associated with completing puberty, or with menstruation itself. Rather, increases in depressive symptoms seem to be associated with physical changes that emerge early in the pubertal transition, especially for early maturing girls, paired with anticipatory concerns about social rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C. McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kathleen C. McCormick
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Mary Kate Koch
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Jane Mendle
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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Woerner J, Sullivan TP. Social Disconnection as a Pathway to Sexual Risk Behavior Among Victims of Intimate Partner Violence. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2019; 34:508-521. [PMID: 31171731 PMCID: PMC7076725 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-18-00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is a strong predictor of women's sexual risk behavior. Social disconnection may be central to understanding this association. In a sample of 204 IPV victims, we (a) evaluated the extent to which social disconnection underlies the association between IPV severity and sexual risk behavior, and (b) tested the idea that the association between social disconnection and sexual risk behavior is stronger among women without alternative means to social connection (i.e., lack close friendships). The indirect effect of physical and sexual IPV, respectively, on sexual risk behavior via social disconnection was significant. The number of close friends women had moderated the association between social disconnection and sexual risk behavior, such that having multiple close friendships buffered the effects of social disconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Woerner
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tami P Sullivan
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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25
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Kerig PK. Linking childhood trauma exposure to adolescent justice involvement: The concept of posttraumatic risk‐seeking. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Preti E, Casini E, Richetin J, De Panfilis C, Fontana A. Cognitive and Emotional Components of Rejection Sensitivity: Independent Contributions to Adolescent Self- and Interpersonal Functioning. Assessment 2018; 27:1230-1241. [DOI: 10.1177/1073191118817866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we focus on rejection sensitivity (RS) in adolescents. Although the RS model distinguishes clearly between the emotional (i.e., anger and anxiety) and the cognitive (i.e., expectation of rejection) components, research has rarely examined their unique connection with psychological problems. We argue that considering the three components separately would provide additional insights regarding the relationship between RS and psychological problems. We aimed to test the goodness of fit of a three-factor solution and to investigate the validity of the three components separately in predicting self- and interpersonal functioning in adolescents. Indeed, 720 adolescents completed the Children’s Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire, self-reports of self- and interpersonal functioning (self-esteem and interpersonal reactivity), and peer ratings of preference and bothersomeness. The three-factor solution showed fit indexes comparable to the two alternative one-factor solutions underlying the traditional approach of the composite scores. More importantly, we found specific contributions of each of the three RS components in predicting different features of self- and interpersonal functioning. Thus, depending on the psychological problems under consideration, the role of the three RS components varies. We discuss the implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Preti
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Personality Disorders Lab, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara De Panfilis
- Personality Disorders Lab, Parma, Italy
- University of Parma, Ospedale Maggiore, Parma, Italy
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27
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Murphy AM, Russell G. Rejection Sensitivity, Jealousy, and the Relationship to Interpersonal Aggression. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2018; 33:2118-2129. [PMID: 26802043 DOI: 10.1177/0886260515622572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development and maintenance of interpersonal relationships lead individuals to risk rejection in the pursuit of acceptance. Some individuals are predisposed to experience a hypersensitivity to rejection that is hypothesized to be related to jealous and aggressive reactions within interpersonal relationships. The current study used convenience sampling to recruit 247 young adults to evaluate the relationship between rejection sensitivity, jealousy, and aggression. A mediation model was used to test three hypotheses: Higher scores of rejection sensitivity would be positively correlated to higher scores of aggression (Hypothesis 1); higher scores of rejection sensitivity would be positively correlated to higher scores of jealousy (Hypothesis 2); jealousy would mediate the relationship between rejection sensitivity and aggression (Hypothesis 3). Study results suggest a tendency for individuals with high rejection sensitivity to experience higher levels of jealousy, and subsequently have a greater propensity for aggression, than individuals with low rejection sensitivity. Future research that substantiates a link between hypersensitivity to rejection, jealousy, and aggression may provide an avenue for prevention, education, or intervention in reducing aggression within interpersonal relationships.
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28
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Loeb EL, Tan JS, Hessel ET, Allen JP. Getting What You Expect: Negative Social Expectations in Early Adolescence Predict Hostile Romantic Partnerships and Friendships Into Adulthood. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2018; 38:475-496. [PMID: 29628605 PMCID: PMC5889146 DOI: 10.1177/0272431616675971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' negative expectations of their peers were examined as predictors of their future selection of hostile partners, in a community sample of 184 adolescents followed from ages 13 to 24. Utilizing observational data, close friend- and self-reports, adolescents with more negative expectations at age 13 were found to be more likely to form relationships with observably hostile romantic partners and friends with hostile attitudes by age 18 even after accounting for baseline levels of friend hostile attitudes at age 13 and adolescents' own hostile behavior and attitudes. Furthermore, the presence of friends with hostile attitudes at age 18 in turn predicted higher levels of adult friend hostile attitudes at age 24. Results suggest the presence of a considerable degree of continuity from negative expectations to hostile partnerships from adolescence well into adulthood.
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Feldmann L, Landes I, Schulte-Körne G, Greimel E. Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit bei Jugendlichen mit Depression. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2018; 46:143-153. [DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung: Als Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit (ZE) wird die Disposition bezeichnet, Zurückweisung ängstlich zu erwarten, als wahrscheinlicher wahrzunehmen und daraufhin überzureagieren. In Studien konnte bereits gezeigt werden, dass Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit bei depressiv erkrankten Erwachsenen erhöht ist und depressive Symptome bei Jugendlichen begünstigt. Bisher liegen jedoch noch keine Befunde zu dispositionellen Unterschieden hinsichtlich der Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit bei depressiv erkrankten Jugendlichen vor. Methodik: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde daher erstmals mittels eines Fragebogens zur Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit für Kinder und Jugendliche (FZE-K) geprüft, ob sich zwischen depressiven Jugendlichen und gesunden Jugendlichen Unterschiede in der Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit und den Handlungsintentionen nach einer Zurückweisungssituation finden. Eingeschlossen wurden n = 28 Jugendliche mit Depression sowie n = 32 gesunde Jugendliche im Alter von 12 bis 17 Jahren. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass depressive Jugendliche eine höhere ZE aufweisen, Zurückweisung ängstlicher erwarten und die Wahrscheinlichkeit, zurückgewiesen zu werden, als höher einschätzen. Zudem gaben depressive Jugendliche im Vergleich zu der Kontrollgruppe an, stärker mit Selbstattribution und Resignation auf eine Zurückweisung zu reagieren. Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse lassen sich gut in das klinische Bild und in kognitive Theorien der Depression einordnen. In zukünftigen Studien sollte untersucht werden, ob sich entsprechende Interventionen positiv auf den Verlauf depressiver Erkrankungen auswirken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Feldmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Klinikum der Universität München
| | - Iris Landes
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Klinikum der Universität München
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Klinikum der Universität München
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Klinikum der Universität München
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Willis M, Nelson-Gray RO. Borderline personality disorder traits and sexual compliance: A fear of abandonment manipulation. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A Longitudinal Rejection Sensitivity Model of Depression and Aggression: Unique Roles of Anxiety, Anger, Blame, Withdrawal and Retribution. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 44:1291-307. [PMID: 26816212 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this longitudinal study, attributional and social processes involved in symptoms of mental health problems (depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior) were identified by investigating anxious and angry rejection sensitivity (RS), causal attributions of self-blame and peer-blame, and responses to rejection threat of withdrawal and retribution. Young adolescents (N = 713, grades 5-7) completed questionnaires three times in their regular classrooms over 14 months. Participants who reported more self-blame for rejection were more likely to withdraw in response to rejection threat, and withdrawal and anxious RS were associated with increased depressive symptoms at T3 relative to T1. In contrast, adolescents higher in the angry form of RS and who reported more peer-blame for rejection were more likely to seek retribution, which in turn was associated with more overt/relational aggressive behavior at T3 relative to T1. Depressive symptom level measured at T1 also was associated with later RS and coping with withdrawal, and aggressive behavior at T1 was associated with later retribution. Sex of the participants did not moderate any longitudinal associations, and only one prospective path, from T1 depressive symptoms to T2 RS anxious, was moderated by age.
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Woerner J, Kopetz C, Lechner WV, Lejuez C. History of abuse and risky sex among substance users: The role of rejection sensitivity and the need to belong. Addict Behav 2016; 62:73-8. [PMID: 27344009 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates abuse and rejection sensitivity as important correlates of risky sexual behavior in the context of substance use. Victims of abuse may experience heightened sensitivity to acute social rejection and consequently engage in risky sexual behavior in an attempt to restore belonging. Data were collected from 258 patients at a substance use treatment facility in Washington, D.C. Participants' history of abuse and risky sexual behavior were assessed via self-report. To test the mediating role of rejection sensitivity, participants completed a social rejection task (Cyberball) and responded to a questionnaire assessing their reaction to the rejection experience. General risk-taking propensity was assessed using a computerized lab measure. Abuse was associated with increased rejection sensitivity (B=0.124, SE=0.040, p=0.002), which was in turn associated with increased risky sex (B=0.06, SE=0.028, p=0.03) (indirect effect=0.0075, SE=0.0043; 95% CI [0.0006, 0.0178]), but not with other indices of risk-taking. These findings suggest that rejection sensitivity may be an important mechanism underlying the relationship between abuse and risky sexual behavior among substance users. These effects do not extend to other risk behaviors, supporting the notion that risky sex associated with abuse represents a means to interpersonal connection rather than a general tendency toward self-defeating behavior.
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Ayduk O, May D, Downey G, Higgins ET. Tactical Differences in Coping With Rejection Sensitivity: The Role of Prevention Pride. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2016; 29:435-48. [PMID: 15272999 DOI: 10.1177/0146167202250911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Prevention pride reflects a person’s subjective history of success in preventing negative outcomes, leading to a strategic avoidance of errors of commission (e.g., explicit mistakes) in new situations. Two studies examined the impact of prevention pride on the strategies that highly rejection sensitive (HRS) people use to cope with the anxiety of anticipated rejection and the negative feelings elicited by perceived rejection. It was hypothesized that prevention pride orientation would lead HRS people toward covert and passive rather than overt and active forms of negative coping. Results indicated that HRS individuals who were also high in prevention pride reported increased use of self-silencing, presumably to prevent rejection. When rejection was perceived, however, they expressed hostility passively, by reducing positive behavior (e.g., withdrawing love and support) while inhibiting direct, active acts of hostility (e.g., yelling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ayduk
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, NY, USA.
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34
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Ayduk O, Downey G, Kim M. Rejection Sensitivity and Depressive Symptoms in Women. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167201277009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is proposed that interpersonal loss that communicates rejection increases the risk for depression specifically in individuals who not only expect rejection but are also concerned about preventing it. Accordingly, the role of rejection sensitivity (RS)—the disposition to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and overreact to rejection—in women’s depressive reactions to rejection by a romantic partner was examined. A 6-month longitudinal study of college women revealed that women high in RS compared with those who are low became more depressed when they experienced a partner-initiated breakup but not when they experienced a self-initiated or mutually initiated breakup. By contrast, RS was not associated with increased depression in response to failing to achieve an academic goal. These results support the view that depression in high-RS women is a reaction to a loss in a valued goal domain, that is, failure to prevent rejection in an important relationship.
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Graves KN, Sechrist SM, White JW, Paradise MJ. Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrated by College Women within the Context of a History of Victimization. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN QUARTERLY 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Using a longitudinal design, the current study explored intimate partner violence perpetration among 1,300 college women within the context of one's history of physical and sexual victimization across 4 years of college. Structural equation modeling indicated that sexual victimization does not predict concurrent use of women's intimate partner violence but does predict subsequent use of women's intimate partner violence during the later years of college. In contrast, physical victimization is associated positively with concurrent use of women's intimate partner violence but is negatively associated with subsequent use of women's intimate partner violence for women. Furthermore, the negative relationship of victimization to subsequent perpetration primarily is due to those with high levels of victimization histories. The present study provides the first model of intimate partner violence within the context of victimization history using longitudinal data. The findings indicate that women's intimate partner violence perpetration is not context-free, but rather is influenced by their own physical and sexual victimization histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N. Graves
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Stacy M. Sechrist
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Aguilar L, Downey G, Krauss R, Pardo J, Lane S, Bolger N. A Dyadic Perspective on Speech Accommodation and Social Connection: Both Partners' Rejection Sensitivity Matters. J Pers 2016; 84:165-77. [PMID: 25393028 PMCID: PMC4430452 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Findings from confederate paradigms predict that mimicry is an adaptive route to social connection for rejection-sensitive individuals (Lakin, Chartrand, & Arkin, 2008). However, dyadic perspectives predict that whether mimicry leads to perceived connection depends on the rejection sensitivity (RS) of both partners in an interaction. We investigated these predictions in 50 college women who completed a dyadic cooperative task in which members were matched or mismatched in being dispositionally high or low in RS. We used a psycholinguistics paradigm to assess, through independent listeners' judgments (N = 162), how much interacting individuals accommodate phonetic aspects of their speech toward each other. Results confirmed predictions from confederate paradigms in matched RS dyads. However, mismatched dyads showed an asymmetry in levels of accommodation and perceived connection: Those high in RS accommodated more than their low-RS partner but emerged feeling less connected. Mediational analyses indicated that low-RS individuals' nonaccommodation in mismatched dyads helped explain their high-RS partners' relatively low perceived connection to them. Establishing whether mimicry is an adaptive route to social connection requires analyzing mimicry as a dyadic process influenced by the needs of each dyad member.
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Mellick W, Kalpakci A, Sharp C. Current maternal depression moderates the relation between critical expressed emotion in mothers and depressive symptoms in their adolescent daughters. Psychiatry Res 2015; 227:224-9. [PMID: 25908266 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have examined critical expressed emotion (EE-Crit) in mothers in the intergenerational transmission of depression. However, the potential moderating effect of maternal depression diagnostic status in relation to EE-Crit and youth depressive symptoms has yet to be determined. A total of N=121 biological mother/daughter dyads that differed in maternal depression diagnostic status were recruited for the present study: (1) currently depressed mothers (current depression, n=29); (2) formerly depressed mothers (past depression, n=39); and (3) mothers free from any psychiatric history (healthy controls, n=53). Mothers were administered structured clinical interviews and completed self-report measures of EE-Crit and psychopathology, and daughters self-reported depressive symptoms. Results indicated no significant group differences in EE-Crit; however, current maternal depression status moderated EE-Crit such that the magnitude of the relation between EE-Crit and adolescent depressive symptoms was significantly greater in daughters of currently depressed mothers. These findings highlight the importance of considering current maternal depression, rather than a history of maternal depression, in relation to EE-Crit and adolescent depressive symptoms, providing impetus for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mellick
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Allison Kalpakci
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX 77204, United States.
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Berenson KR, Paprocki C, Thomas Fishman M, Bhushan D, El-Bassel N, Downey G. Rejection Sensitivity, Perceived Power, and HIV Risk in the Relationships of Low-Income Urban Women. Women Health 2015; 55:900-20. [PMID: 26086275 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2015.1061091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The psychological processes associated with HIV infection in long-term relationships differ from those operative in casual sexual encounters, and relatively little research has considered the aspects of personality applicable in the ongoing heterosexual relationships in which women are at greatest risk. Sensitivity to rejection has been linked with efforts to prevent rejection at a cost to the self and, therefore, may be relevant to the health risks that many women incur in relationships. We examined the association of rejection sensitivity with women's sexual risk behavior in a sample of women at heightened risk for HIV exposure. Women in long-term heterosexual relationships (N = 159) were recruited for study participation in the hospital emergency room serving a low-income neighborhood in New York City, in 2001-2003. Rejection sensitivity and known HIV risk factors were assessed using verbally administered questionnaires. Rejection sensitivity was associated with lower perceived relationship power and, in turn, more frequent unprotected sex with a partner perceived to be at risk for HIV. These results held when controlling for other HIV risk factors including partner violence, economic dependence, and substance use. Understanding the association of rejection concerns with lower perceived personal power in relationships may be important for HIV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy R Berenson
- a Department of Psychology , Gettysburg College , Gettysburg , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Christine Paprocki
- b Department of Psychology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | | | - Devika Bhushan
- c Department of Psychology , Columbia University , New York , New York , USA
| | - Nabila El-Bassel
- d School of Social Work , Columbia University , New York , New York , USA
| | - Geraldine Downey
- c Department of Psychology , Columbia University , New York , New York , USA
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Kokin J, Younger A, Gosselin P, Vaillancourt T. Biased Facial Expression Interpretation in Shy Children. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kokin
- University of Ottawa; School of Psychology; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Alastair Younger
- University of Ottawa; School of Psychology; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Pierre Gosselin
- University of Ottawa; School of Psychology; Ottawa Ontario Canada
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Ball B, Holland KM, Marshall KJ, Lippy C, Jain S, Souders K, Westby RP. Implementing a targeted teen dating abuse prevention program: challenges and successes experienced by expect respect facilitators. J Adolesc Health 2015; 56:S40-6. [PMID: 25620453 PMCID: PMC5961725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Expect Respect Support Groups (ERSGs) are a targeted 24-week dating abuse prevention program tailored to middle and high school students who have been exposed to violence. As part of a controlled evaluation, this qualitative study was designed to examine facilitators' experiences with program implementation and generate a deeper understanding of factors that enhance or challenge implementation and program outcomes. METHODS Semistructured interviews with Expect Respect Support Group facilitators (three males and four females) were conducted at the midpoint and endpoint of the school year. Interview topics included working within the school system, strategies for establishing a productive group process, and individual- and group-level responses to the program. RESULTS Facilitators indicated that school counselors' awareness of students' exposure to violence increased their ability to refer eligible students. Within a supportive school environment, successful groups harnessed the protective qualities of a positive peer group, supported members in questioning the normalcy of abuse, and provided opportunities for building healthy relationship skills. Challenges resulted from impediments to group cohesion including insufficient referrals, inconsistent attendance, and low levels of school support. Students who were frequently absent and disengaged from school were particularly challenging to engage in a school-based program. CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates that successful implementation of a targeted school-based dating violence prevention program relies on building school support and awareness of teen dating violence, especially for appropriate identification and referral of at-risk students. High levels of school support enhance the development of a supportive group process and attitudinal and behavioral changes among participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin M. Holland
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Khiya J. Marshall
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Caroline Lippy
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Ruth P. Westby
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Kopetz C, Pickover A, Magidson JF, Richards JM, Iwamoto D, Lejuez CW. Gender and social rejection as risk factors for engaging in risky sexual behavior among crack/cocaine users. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2015; 15:376-84. [PMID: 23761179 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-013-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Crack/cocaine and engagement in risky sexual behavior represent important contributors to the escalation of the HIV infection among women. Several lines of research have emphasized the role of social factors in women's vulnerability for such practices and stressed the importance of understanding such factors to better inform prevention efforts and improve their effectiveness and efficiency. However, few studies have attempted to pinpoint specific social/contextual factors particularly relevant to high-risk populations such as female crack/cocaine users. Extensive previous research has related the experience of social rejection to a variety of negative outcomes including, but not limited to, various forms of psychopathology, self-defeating, and self-harm behavior. Motivated by this research, the current study explored the role of laboratory-induced social rejection in moderating the relationship between gender and risky sexual behavior among a sample of crack/cocaine users (n = 211) at high risk for HIV. The results showed that among women, but not among men, experiencing social rejection was significantly associated with a greater number of sexual partners. Further, experiencing social rejection was not related to the frequency of condom use. Implications for future research, prevention, and treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Kopetz
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 2103 Cole Field House, College Park, 20742, USA,
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Child maltreatment types and risk behaviors: Associations with attachment style and emotion regulation dimensions. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Motivational determinants of prosocial behavior: What do included, hopeful excluded, and hopeless excluded individuals need to behave prosocially? MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-014-9460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Schaefer MK, Blodgett Salafia EH. The connection of teasing by parents, siblings, and peers with girls' body dissatisfaction and boys' drive for muscularity: the role of social comparison as a mediator. Eat Behav 2014; 15:599-608. [PMID: 25218358 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this cross-sectional study, we focused on three research questions pertaining to the connections between appearance-related teasing and body image during adolescence. First, we investigated how parental appearance-related teasing of adolescents was associated with teasing by siblings. Second, we examined how teasing by mothers, fathers, siblings, and peers was individually associated with adolescent girls' body dissatisfaction and boys' drive for muscularity. We included BMI as a possible moderator in these analyses. Third, we tested the role of appearance-related social comparison as a mediator of the relations between teasing and body image. Self-report survey data were collected from 80 girls and 78 boys in a Midwestern U.S. middle school. Results from correlational and odds-ratio analyses indicated that teasing by mothers and fathers was strongly associated with teasing by siblings. Additionally, in regression analyses, mothers', fathers', siblings', and peers' teasing were separately associated with girls' body dissatisfaction and boys' drive for muscularity. Social comparison partially mediated the relationship between all sources of teasing and girls' body dissatisfaction as well as the relationship between mothers' and fathers' teasing and boys' drive for muscularity. Social comparison fully mediated the link between peers' teasing and boys' drive for muscularity. Researchers and clinicians should be aware of how family members and peers can influence adolescents' development of body image concerns through teasing behaviors and by social comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallary K Schaefer
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, North Dakota State University, United States
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Associations of Parental and Peer Rejection With Preadolescents’ Loneliness: Emotional Sensitivities as Mediators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1017/jrr.2014.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The pervasive emotional and cognitive experience of loneliness has been linked to rejection experiences and emotional sensitivity, such as rejection sensitivity (RS), defined as the tendency to anxiously expect and overreact to rejection. Moreover, RS is founded on attachment theory and has been described as a correlate of anxiety and avoidance of intimacy in close relationships. The aims of this study of 639 preadolescents (Grades 5 to 7) were to test whether the association between relationship stressors and loneliness is indirect due to the mediational role of RS, and whether the association between RS and loneliness is indirect via anxiety and avoidance of peer intimacy. As expected, regression results showed that adolescents who reported heightened perceptions of parental rejection and victimisation by peers had greater RS, which in turn was associated with adolescents’ greater feelings of loneliness. Also, as predicted, adolescents with heightened RS reported more avoidance and anxiety about peer intimacy. Although anxiety about intimacy mediated the association between RS and loneliness for both boys and girls, avoidance mediated between girls’, but not boys’, RS and loneliness. The findings highlight the interrelations between multiple forms of emotional sensitivities, and the importance of parent-child relationships, peer victimisation, and emotional sensitivity for explaining loneliness.
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Connolly J, McIsaac C, Shulman S, Wincentak K, Joly L, Heifetz M, Bravo V. Development of Romantic Relationships in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Implications for Community Mental Health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.7870/cjcmh-2014-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Romantic relationships emerge in the early adolescent years and mature over the course of adolescence from initial cross-gender affiliations to dyadic partnerships. Adolescents’ romantic relationships are important because they contribute to relational development and foretell the quality of intimate relationships in adulthood. This paper summarizes current research findings on the development of romantic relationships, focusing first on the normative stages of mainstream youth and subsequently on atypical patterns of troubled youth. Peer and family influences on romantic development are considered as well as ethnocultural variation. The paper concludes with several policy implications for community mental health.
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Hipwell AE, Stepp SD, Xiong S, Keenan K, Blokland A, Loeber R. Parental punishment and peer victimization as developmental precursors to physical dating violence involvement among girls. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2014; 24:65-79. [PMID: 24591807 PMCID: PMC3938293 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined harsh punishment and peer victimization as developmental precursors to girls' involvement in physical dating violence (PDV), and the putative mediating effect of rejection sensitivity. The sample comprised 475 African American and European American participants of the longitudinal Pittsburgh Girls Study who were dating at age 17. About 10% of girls reported significant perpetration and/or victimization of physical aggression in the relationship. Results showed that initial level and escalation in harsh punishment (between 10-13 years) and escalation in peer victimization (10-15 years) predicted PDV involvement, but this relationship was not mediated by rejection sensitivity. The results highlight the need to consider the impact of early experience of different forms of aggression on girls' risk for PDV involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E. Hipwell
- Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
| | - Stephanie D. Stepp
- Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
| | | | - Kate Keenan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago
| | - Arjan Blokland
- Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, and Leiden Law School, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf Loeber
- Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
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Breines JG, Ayduk O. Rejection Sensitivity and Vulnerability to Self-Directed Hostile Cognitions Following Rejection. J Pers 2013; 83:1-13. [DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Romero-Canyas R, Reddy KS, Rodriguez S, Downey G. After All I Have Done For You: Self-silencing Accommodations Fuel Women's Post-Rejection Hostility. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 49:732-740. [PMID: 23687385 PMCID: PMC3653329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An experimental study tests if people's hostility after experiencing rejection is partly explained by the degree to which they had initially suppressed their own feelings and beliefs to please the source of rejection. This hypothesis emerges from the literatures on women's self-silencing and that on rejection-sensitivity, which has documented that rejection-sensitive women show strong responses to rejection, but are also likely to self-silence to please their partners. An online dating paradigm examined if this self-silencing drives post-rejection hostility among women. Participants were given the opportunity to read about a potential dating partner before meeting that person, and were randomly assigned to one of 3 experimental conditions that resulted in rejection from the potential date or from another dater. Self-silencing was captured as the suppression of tastes and opinions that clashed with those of the prospective partner. Self-silencing moderated the effect of rejection on hostility: Self-silencing to the prospective partner was associated with greater post-rejection hostility among women, but not men. Self-silencing to someone other than the rejecter was not predictive of hostility. Women's dispositional rejection-sensitivity predicted greater hostility after rejection, and self-silencing mediated this association. Efforts to secure acceptance through accommodation may help explain the paradoxical tendency of some people to show strong rejection-induced hostility toward those whose acceptance they have sought.
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