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Cox DM, Yin X, Alam J, Georgescu B, Latawiec A, Tan R, Aw CC, Harradine P, Liu C. Sample-Specific MS/MS Methods in High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024. [PMID: 39092830 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The drug discovery process increasingly relies on high-throughput sample analysis to accelerate the identification of viable drug candidates. Recently, chromatographic-free high-throughput mass spectrometry (HT-MS) technologies have emerged, significantly increasing sample readout speed and enabling the analysis of large sample sets. These HT-MS platforms continuously acquire data from various samples into a single data file, presenting challenges in applying distinctive data acquisition methods to specific samples. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates real-time sample loading status to activate sample-specific MS/MS data acquisition methods on the high-throughput acoustic ejection mass spectrometry platform. Effective method switching and high signal reproducibility were demonstrated across different data acquisition window durations in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), high-resolution MRM (MRMHR), and information-dependent acquisition modes. This advancement provides a user-friendly and robust solution to the method-setting challenges of HT-MS, expanding the implementation of HT-MS platforms in drug discovery and other high-throughput analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jahangir Alam
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, Metabolism & Bioanalytics, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | | | | | - Rudy Tan
- SCIEX, Singapore, 739256 Singapore
| | | | - Paul Harradine
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, Metabolism & Bioanalytics, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- SCIEX, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
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2
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Ghosh S, Arshi MU, Ghosh S, Jash M, Sen S, Mamchaoui K, Bhattacharyya S, Rana NK, Ghosh S. Discovery of Quinazoline and Quinoline-Based Small Molecules as Utrophin Upregulators via AhR Antagonism for the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9260-9276. [PMID: 38771158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal muscle-wasting disease caused by the absence of a dystrophin protein. Elevating utrophin, a dystrophin paralogue, offers an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating DMD, irrespective of the mutation type. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of novel quinazoline and quinoline-based small molecules as potent utrophin modulators screened via high throughput In-Cell ELISA in C2C12 cells. Remarkably, lead molecule SG-02, identified from a library of 70 molecules, upregulates utrophin 2.7-fold at 800 nM in a dose-dependent manner, marking the highest upregulation within the nanomolar range. SG-02's efficacy was further validated through DMD patient-derived cells, demonstrating a significant 2.3-fold utrophin expression. Mechanistically, SG-02 functions as an AhR antagonist, with excellent binding affinity (Kd = 41.68 nM). SG-02 also enhances myogenesis, as indicated by an increased MyHC expression. ADME evaluation supports SG-02's oral bioavailability. Overall, SG-02 holds promise for addressing the global DMD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surojit Ghosh
- Smart Healthcare Department, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Mohammad Umar Arshi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Satyajit Ghosh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Moumita Jash
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Samya Sen
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie,Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sudipta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Nirmal Kumar Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Smart Healthcare Department, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
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3
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Klein AK, Austin EW, Cunningham MJ, Dvorak D, Gatti S, Hulls SK, Kiss L, Kruegel AC, Marek GJ, Papp M, Sporn J, Hughes ZA. GM-1020: a novel, orally bioavailable NMDA receptor antagonist with rapid and robust antidepressant-like effects at well-tolerated doses in rodents. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:905-914. [PMID: 38177696 PMCID: PMC11039472 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine has shown great potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant; however, its use is limited by poor oral bioavailability and a side effect profile that necessitates in-clinic dosing. GM-1020 is a novel NMDAR antagonist that was developed to address these limitations of ketamine as a treatment for depression. Here, we present the preclinical characterization of GM-1020 alongside ketamine, for comparison. In vitro, we profiled GM-1020 for binding to NMDAR and functional inhibition using patch-clamp electrophysiology. In vivo, GM-1020 was assessed for antidepressant-like efficacy using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Chronic Mild Stress (CMS), while motor side effects were assessed in spontaneous locomotor activity and on the rotarod. The pharmacokinetic properties of GM-1020 were profiled across multiple preclinical species. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed to determine indirect target engagement and provide a potentially translational biomarker. These results demonstrate that GM-1020 is an orally bioavailable NMDAR antagonist with antidepressant-like efficacy at exposures that do not produce unwanted motor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dino Dvorak
- Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Laszlo Kiss
- Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Mariusz Papp
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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4
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Wages F, Brandt T, Martin HJ, Herges R, Maser E. Light-switchable diazocines as potential inhibitors of testosterone-synthesizing 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 390:110872. [PMID: 38244963 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
In patients with prostate carcinoma as well as in some other cancer types, the reduction of testosterone levels is desired because the hormone stimulates cancer cell growth. One molecular target for this goal is the inhibition of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17βHSD3), which produces testosterone from its direct precursor androstenedione. Recent research in this field is trying to harness photopharmacological properties of certain compounds so that the inhibitory effect could be turned on and off by irradiation. Seven new light-switchable diazocines were investigated with regard to their inhibition of 17βHSD3. For this purpose, transfected HEK-293 cells and isolated microsomes were treated with the substrate and the potential inhibitors with and without irradiation for an incubation period of 3 or 5 h. The amount of generated testosterone was measured by UHPLC and compared between samples and control as well as between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. There was no significant difference between samples with and without irradiation. However, four of the seven diazocines led to a significantly lower testosterone production both in cell and in microsome assays. In some of the irradiated samples, a partial destruction of the diazocines was observed, indicated by an additional UHPLC peak. However, the influence on the inhibition is negligible, because the majority of the substance remained intact. In conclusion, new inhibitors of 17βHSD3 have been found, but so far without the feature of a light switch, since the configurational alteration of the diazocines by irradiation did not lead to a change in bioactivity. Further modification might help to find a light-switching molecule that inhibits only in one configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wages
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Brandt
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Otto Hahn Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - H-J Martin
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - R Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Otto Hahn Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - E Maser
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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5
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Shah P, Padilha EC, Kato R, Siramshetty VB, Huang W, Xu X. Consideration of vendor-related differences in hepatic metabolic stability data to optimize early ADME screening in drug discovery. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2024; 29:34-39. [PMID: 37573009 PMCID: PMC10840824 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic metabolic stability is a crucial determinant of oral bioavailability and plasma concentrations of a compound, and its measurement is important in early drug discovery. Preliminary metabolic stability estimations are commonly performed in liver microsomal fractions. At the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, a single-point assay in rat liver microsomes (RLM) is employed for initial stability assessment (Tier I) and a multi-point detailed stability assay is employed as a Tier II assay for promising compounds. Although the in vitro and in vivo metabolic stability of compounds typically exhibit good correlation, conflicting results may arise in certain cases. While investigating one such instance, we serendipitously found vendor-related RLM differences in metabolic stability and metabolite formation, which had implications for in vitro and in vivo correlations. In this study, we highlight the importance of considering vendor differences in hepatic metabolic stability data and discuss strategies to avoid these pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Shah
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States.
| | - Elias C Padilha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Rintaro Kato
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Vishal B Siramshetty
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States; Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Wenwei Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Xin Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
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6
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Jeon MJ, Lee H, Jo S, Kang M, Jeong JH, Jeong SH, Lee JY, Song GY, Choo H, Lee S, Kim H. Discovery of novel amidobenzimidazole derivatives as orally available small molecule modulators of stimulator of interferon genes for cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115834. [PMID: 37862818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists show promise as immunomodulatory agents for cancer therapy. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel orally available STING agonist, SAP-04, that exhibits potent immunomodulatory effects for cancer therapy. By optimizing the amidobenzimidazole core with various pyridine-based heterocyclic substituents, we identified a monomeric variant that displayed more efficient STING agonistic activity than the corresponding dimer. SAP-04 efficiently induced cytokine secretion related to innate immunity by directly binding of the compound to the STING protein, followed by sequential signal transduction for the STING signaling pathway and type I interferon (IFN) responses. Further pharmacological validation in vitro and in vivo demonstrated the potential utility of SAP-04 as an immunomodulatory agent for cancer therapy in vivo. The in vivo anticancer effect was observed in a 4T1 breast tumor syngeneic mouse model through oral administration of the compound. Our findings suggest a possible strategy for developing synthetically accessible monomeric variants as orally available STING agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Jeon
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongman Jo
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Kang
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Jeong
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyeon Jeong
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Lee
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department for HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Li TZ, Bai CY, Wu B, Zhang CY, Wang WT, Shi TW, Zhou J. The Elk-3 target Abhd10 ameliorates hepatotoxic injury and fibrosis in alcoholic liver disease. Commun Biol 2023; 6:682. [PMID: 37400491 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and other forms of chronic hepatotoxic injury can lead to transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-induced hepatic fibrosis and compromised liver function, underscoring the need to develop novel treatments for these conditions. Herein, our analyses of liver tissue samples from severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) patients and two murine models of ALD reveals that the ALD phenotype was associated with upregulation of the transcription factor ETS domain-containing protein (ELK-3) and ELK-3 signaling activity coupled with downregulation of α/β hydrolase domain containing 10 (ABHD10) and upregulation of deactivating S-palmitoylation of the antioxidant protein Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5). In vitro, we further demonstrate that ELK-3 can directly bind to the ABHD10 promoter to inhibit its transactivation. TGFβ1 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling induce ABHD10 downregulation and PRDX5 S-palmitoylation via ELK-3. This ELK-3-mediated ABHD10 downregulation drives oxidative stress and disrupts mature hepatocyte function via enhancing S-palmitoylation of PRDX5's Cys100 residue. In vivo, ectopic Abhd10 overexpression ameliorates liver damage in ALD model mice. Overall, these data suggest that the therapeutic targeting of the ABHD10-PRDX5 axis may represent a viable approach to treating ALD and other forms of hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Zhu Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China.
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Bao Wu
- Department of Tissue and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Tie-Wei Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
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8
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Rodríguez-Pérez R, Trunzer M, Schneider N, Faller B, Gerebtzoff G. Multispecies Machine Learning Predictions of In Vitro Intrinsic Clearance with Uncertainty Quantification Analyses. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:383-394. [PMID: 36437712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In pharmaceutical research, compounds are optimized for metabolic stability to avoid a too fast elimination of the drug. Intrinsic clearance (CLint) measured in liver microsomes or hepatocytes is an important parameter during lead optimization. In this work, machine learning models were developed to relate the compound structure to microsomal metabolic stability and predict CLint for new compounds. A multitask (MT) learning architecture was introduced to model the CLint of six species simultaneously, giving as a result a multispecies machine learning model. MT graph neural network (MT-GNN) regression was identified as the top-performing method, and an ensemble of 10 MT-GNN models was evaluated prospectively. Geometric mean fold errors were consistently smaller than 2-fold. Moreover, high precision values were obtained in the prediction of "high" (>300 μL/min/mg) and "low" (<100 μL/min/mg) CLint compounds. Precision values ranged from 80 to 94% for low CLint predictions and from 75 to 97% for high CLint predictions, depending on the species. Uncertainty on experimental values and model predictions was systematically quantified. Experimental variability (aleatoric uncertainty) of all historical Novartis in vitro clearance experiments was analyzed. Interestingly, MT-GNN models' performance approached assays' experimental variability. Moreover, uncertainty estimation in predictions (epistemic uncertainty) enabled identifying predictions associated with lower and higher error. Taken together, our manuscript combines a multispecies deep learning model and large-scale uncertainty analyses to improve CLint predictions and facilitate early informed decisions for compound prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Trunzer
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Campus, BaselCH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Schneider
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Campus, BaselCH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Faller
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Campus, BaselCH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Grégori Gerebtzoff
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Campus, BaselCH-4002, Switzerland
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9
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In Vivo Anticancer Evaluation of 6b, a Non-Covalent Imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline-Based Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor against Human Xenograft Tumor in Nude Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175540. [PMID: 36080307 PMCID: PMC9457798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are validated therapeutic agents against EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the associated critical side effects of these agents are inevitable, demanding more specific and efficient targeting agents. Recently, we have developed and reported a non-covalent imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline-based EGFR inhibitor (6b), which showed promising inhibitory activity against the gefitinib-resistant H1975(L858R/T790M) lung cancer cell line. In the present study, we further explored the 6b compound in vivo by employing the A549-induced xenograft model in nude mice. The results indicate that the administration of the 6b compound significantly abolished the growth of the tumor in the A549 xenograft nude mice. Whereas the control mice bearing tumors displayed a declining trend in the survival curve, treatment with the 6b compound improved the survival profile of mice. Moreover, the histological examination showed the cancer cell cytotoxicity of the 6b compound was characterized by cytoplasmic destruction observed in the stained section of the tumor tissues of treated mice. The immunoblotting and qPCR results further signified that 6b inhibited EGFR in tissue samples and consequently altered the downstream pathways mediated by EGFR, leading to a reduction in cancer growth. Therefore, the in vivo findings were in corroboration with the in vitro results, suggesting that 6b possessed potential anticancer activity against EGFR-dependent lung cancer. 6b also exhibited good stability in human and mouse liver microsomes.
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10
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Mohamed A, Salah M, Tahoun M, Hawner M, Abdelsamie AS, Frotscher M. Dual Targeting of Steroid Sulfatase and 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 by a Novel Drug-Prodrug Approach: A Potential Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Endometriosis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11726-11744. [PMID: 35993890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for the dual inhibition of steroid sulfatase (STS) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(17β HSD1) by a single drug was explored, starting from in-house 17β HSD1 inhibitors via masking their phenolic OH group with a sulfamate ester. The sulfamates were intentionally designed as drugs for the inhibition of STS and, at the same time, prodrugs for 17β-HSD1 inhibition ("drug-prodrug approach"). The most promising sulfamates 13, 16, 18-20, 22-24, 36, and 37 showed nanomolar IC50 values for STS inhibition in a cellular assay and their corresponding phenols displayed potent 17β-HSD1 inhibition in cell-free and cellular assays, high selectivity over 17β-HSD2, reasonable metabolic stability, and low estrogen receptor α affinity. A close relationship was found between the liberation of the phenolic compound by sulfamate hydrolysis and 17β-HSD1 inactivation. These results showed that the envisaged drug-prodrug concept was successfully implemented. The novel compounds constitute a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of endometriosis and other estrogen-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.,Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salah
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Mariam Tahoun
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | - Manuel Hawner
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | - Ahmed S Abdelsamie
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622 Cairo 12451, Egypt.,Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus Building E81, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Martin Frotscher
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
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11
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Bernardo A, Lee P, Marcotte M, Mian MY, Rezvanian S, Sharmin D, Kovačević A, Savić MM, Cook JM, Sibille E, Prevot TD. Symptomatic and neurotrophic effects of GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulation in a mouse model of chronic stress. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1608-1619. [PMID: 35701547 PMCID: PMC9283409 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a risk factor for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and in rodents, it recapitulates human behavioral, cellular and molecular changes. In MDD and after chronic stress, neuronal dysfunctions and deficits in GABAergic signaling are observed and responsible for symptom severity. GABA signals predominantly through GABAA receptors (GABAA-R) composed of various subunit types that relate to downstream outcomes. Activity at α2-GABAA-Rs contributes to anxiolytic properties, α5-GABAA-Rs to cognitive functions, and α1-GABAA-Rs to sedation. Therefore, a therapy aiming at increasing α2- and α5-GABAA-Rs activity, but devoid of α1-GABAA-R activity, has potential to address several symptomologies of depression while avoiding side-effects. This study investigated the activity profiles and behavioral efficacy of two enantiomers of each other (GL-II-73 and GL-I-54), separately and as a racemic mixture (GL-RM), and potential disease-modifying effects on neuronal morphology. Results confirm GL-I-54 and GL-II-73 exert positive allosteric modulation at the α2-, α3-, α5-GABAA-Rs and α5-containing GABAA-Rs, respectively, and separately reduces immobility in the forced swim test and improves stress-induced spatial working memory deficits. Using unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), we show that acute and chronic administration of GL-RM provide pro-cognitive effects, with mild efficacy on mood symptoms, although at lower doses avoiding sedation. Morphology studies showed reversal of spine density loss caused by UCMS after chronic GL-RM treatment at apical and basal dendrites of the PFC and CA1. Together, these results support using a racemic mixture with combined α2-, α3-, α5-GABAA-R profile to reverse chronic stress-induced mood symptoms, cognitive deficits, and with anti-stress neurotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Bernardo
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip Lee
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Marcotte
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada
| | - Md Yeunus Mian
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Sepideh Rezvanian
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Dishary Sharmin
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Aleksandra Kovačević
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav M. Savić
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - James M. Cook
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Thomas D. Prevot
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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12
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Optimization of 2-Aminoquinazolin-4-(3H)-one Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2: Improved Synthesis and Pharmacokinetic Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070831. [PMID: 35890130 PMCID: PMC9318802 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the potent antiviral effect of the 2-aminoquinazolin-4-(3H)-one 1, which shows significant activity (IC50 = 0.23 μM) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with no cytotoxicity. However, it is necessary to improve the in vivo pharmacokinetics of compound 1 because its area under the curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration are low. Here, we designed and synthesized N-substituted quinazolinone derivatives that had good pharmacokinetics and that retained their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2. These compounds were conveniently prepared on a large scale through a one-pot reaction using Dimroth rearrangement as a key step. The synthesized compounds showed potent inhibitory activity, low binding to hERG channels, and good microsomal stability. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that compound 2b had the highest exposure (AUC24h = 41.57 μg∙h/mL) of the synthesized compounds. An in vivo single-dose toxicity evaluation of compound 2b at 250 and 500 mg/kg in rats resulted in no deaths and an approximate lethal dose greater than 500 mg/kg. This study shows that N-acetyl 2-aminoquinazolin-4-(3H)-one 2b is a promising lead compound for developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents.
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13
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Häbe TT, Späth C, Schrade S, Jörg W, Süssmuth RD, Bischoff D, Luippold AH. An ultrafast and flexible liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry system paves the way for machine learning driven in vivo sample processing in early drug discovery. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9096. [PMID: 33837598 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The low speed and low flexibility of most liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) approaches in early drug discovery delay sample analysis from routine in vivo studies within the same day. A high-throughput platform for the rapid quantification of drug compounds in various in vivo assays was developed and established in routine bioanalysis. METHODS Automated selection of an efficient and adequate LC method was realized by autonomous sample qualification for ultrafast batch gradients (9 s/sample) or for fast linear gradients (45 s/sample) if samples required chromatography. The hardware and software components of our Rapid and Integrated Analysis System (RIAS) were streamlined for increased analytical throughput via state-of-the-art automation while maintaining high analytical quality. RESULTS Online decision-making was based on a quick assay suitability test (AST), based on a small and dedicated sample set evaluated by two different strategies. 84% of the acquired data points were within ±30% accuracy and 93% of the deviations between the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) values were ≤2-fold compared with standard LC/MS/MS systems. Speed, flexibility and overall automation significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS The developed platform provided an analysis time of only 10 min (batch-mode) and 47 min (gradient-mode) per standard pharmacokinetic (PK) study (62 injections). Automation, data evaluation and results handling were optimized to pave the way for machine learning based on decision-making regarding the evaluation strategy of the AST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim T Häbe
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach an der Riss, 88397, Germany
| | - Christian Späth
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, ISEE Infrastructure, Safety, Environment and Engineering, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach an der Riss, 88397, Germany
| | - Steffen Schrade
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach an der Riss, 88397, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Jörg
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, ISEE Infrastructure, Safety, Environment and Engineering, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach an der Riss, 88397, Germany
| | - Roderich D Süssmuth
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, 10623, Germany
| | - Daniel Bischoff
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach an der Riss, 88397, Germany
| | - Andreas H Luippold
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach an der Riss, 88397, Germany
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14
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Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Shahi S, Akwii R, Sajib MS, Farshbaf MJ, Kallem RR, Putnam W, Wang W, Zhang R, Alvina K, Trippier PC, Mikelis CM, German NA. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel urea compounds as FGFR1 inhibitors to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112866. [PMID: 33039722 PMCID: PMC7744370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of cancer characterized by higher metastatic and reoccurrence rates, where approximately one-third of TNBC patients suffer from the metastasis in the brain. At the same time, TNBC shows good responses to chemotherapy, a feature that fuels the search for novel compounds with therapeutic potential in this area. Recently, we have identified novel urea-based compounds with cytotoxicity against selected cell lines and with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier in vivo. We have synthesized and analyzed a library of more than 40 compounds to elucidate the key features responsible for the observed activity. We have also identified FGFR1 as a molecular target that is affected by the presence of these compounds, confirming our data using in silico model. Overall, we envision that these compounds can be further developed for the potential treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraf-Uz-Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Sadisna Shahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Racheal Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | | | - Raja Reddy Kallem
- Clinical Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - William Putnam
- Clinical Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karina Alvina
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Nadezhda A German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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15
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Errante F, Menicatti M, Pallecchi M, Giovannelli L, Papini AM, Rovero P, Bartolucci G. Susceptibility of cosmeceutical peptides to proteases activity: Development of dermal stability test by LC-MS/MS analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 194:113775. [PMID: 33281001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, several peptides are used as active ingredients in topical cosmetic formulations, few information are available on their dermal stability against proteases. In this study, it was developed a simple and reliable assay to evaluate the stability of cosmeceutical peptides in skin homogenates. The quantification of studied peptides was performed by liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in tandem mass spectrometry mode (LC-MS/MS) and the conditions were tuned through energy resolved MS/MS (ERMS) experiments. The sample preparation procedure was carried out on rat skin homogenates by employing pal-KTTKS (reference peptide and the parameters that may affect the assay results were evaluated, including substrate concentration, dilution of skin homogenate, protein concentration and batch-to-batch variation of the homogenate. The optimized conditions were applied to check the degradation profile of pal-KTTKS in human skin samples and the obtained results were compared. Finally, the degradation profiles of SA1-III and pamSA1-III, recently described as cosmeceutical peptides, in human skin homogenate were evaluated. The results showed that proposed peptides are stable toward proteases for up to 8 h of incubation. Thanks to this characteristic, these peptides can be considered very interesting candidates as active ingredients for creams intended for a daily application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fosca Errante
- Department of Neurofarba (Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Italy; Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, University of Florence, Italy; Espikem s.r.l., Prato, Italy.
| | - Marta Menicatti
- Department of Neurofarba (Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Marco Pallecchi
- Department of Neurofarba (Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neurofarba (Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Paolo Rovero
- Department of Neurofarba (Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Italy; Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neurofarba (Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Italy.
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16
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Acoustic Droplet Ejection and Open Port Interface for Rapid Analysis of Metabolic Stability Assays. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3285-3291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Huang G, Murillo Solano C, Melendez J, Shaw J, Collins J, Banks R, Arshadi AK, Boonhok R, Min H, Miao J, Chakrabarti D, Yuan Y. Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Antimalarial Efficacy of 6-Chloro-2-arylvinylquinolines. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11756-11785. [PMID: 32959656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new efficacious antimalarials to address the emerging drug-resistant clinical cases. Our previous phenotypic screening identified styrylquinoline UCF501 as a promising antimalarial compound. To optimize UCF501, we herein report a detailed structure-activity relationship study of 2-arylvinylquinolines, leading to the discovery of potent, low nanomolar antiplasmodial compounds against a Plasmodium falciparum CQ-resistant Dd2 strain, with excellent selectivity profiles (resistance index < 1 and selectivity index > 200). Several metabolically stable 2-arylvinylquinolines are identified as fast-acting agents that kill asexual blood-stage parasites at the trophozoite phase, and the most promising compound 24 also demonstrates transmission blocking potential. Additionally, the monophosphate salt of 24 exhibits excellent in vivo antimalarial efficacy in the murine model without noticeable toxicity. Thus, the 2-arylvinylquinolines represent a promising class of antimalarial drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Claribel Murillo Solano
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Joel Melendez
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Justin Shaw
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Jennifer Collins
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Robert Banks
- Research Program Services, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Arash Keshavarzi Arshadi
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Rachasak Boonhok
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Hui Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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18
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Huang G, Solano CM, Melendez J, Yu-Alfonzo S, Boonhok R, Min H, Miao J, Chakrabarti D, Yuan Y. Discovery of fast-acting dual-stage antimalarial agents by profiling pyridylvinylquinoline chemical space via copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112889. [PMID: 33045660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To identity fast-acting, multistage antimalarial agents, a series of pyridylvinylquinoline-triazole analogues have been synthesized via CuAAC. Most of the compounds display significant inhibitory effect on the drug-resistant malarial Dd2 strain at low submicromolar concentrations. Among the tested analogues, compound 60 is the most potent molecule with an EC50 value of 0.04 ± 0.01 μM. Our current study indicates that compound 60 is a fast-acting antimalarial compound and it demonstrates stage specific action at the trophozoite phase in the P. falciparum asexual life cycle. In addition, compound 60 is active against both early and late stage P. falciparum gametocytes. From a mechanistic perspective, compound 60 shows good activity as an inhibitor of β-hematin formation. Collectively, our findings suggest that fast-acting agent 60 targets dual life stages of the malarial parasites and warrant further investigation of pyridylvinylquinoline hybrids as new antimalarials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Claribel Murillo Solano
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Joel Melendez
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Sabrina Yu-Alfonzo
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Rachasak Boonhok
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA; Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Hui Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA.
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
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19
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Kakutani N, Iwai T, Ohno Y, Kobayashi S, Nomura Y. Evaluation of covalent binding of flutamide and its risk assessment using 19F-NMR. Xenobiotica 2020; 51:88-94. [PMID: 32876521 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1817626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The formation of reactive metabolites (RMs) is a problem in drug development that sometimes results in severe hepatotoxicity. As detecting RMs themselves is difficult, a covalent binding assay using expensive radiolabelled tracers is usually performed for candidate selection. This study aimed to provide a practical approach toward the risk assessment of hepatotoxicity induced by covalent binding before candidate selection. We focused on flutamide because it contains a trifluoromethyl group that shows a strong singlet peak by 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. The covalent binding of flutamide was evaluated using quantitative NMR and its risk for hepatotoxicity was assessed by estimating the RM burden, an index that reflects the body burden associated with RM exposure by determining the extent of covalent binding, clinical dose and in vivo clearance. The extent of covalent binding and RM burden was 296 pmol/mg/h and 37.9 mg/day, respectively. Flutamide was categorised as high risk with an RM burden >10 mg/day consistent with its clinical hepatotoxicity. These results indicate that a combination of covalent binding assay using 19F-NMR and RM burden is useful for the risk assessment of RMs without using radiolabelled compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Kakutani
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Japan Tobacco Inc, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwai
- Product Development Laboratories, Japan Tobacco Inc, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ohno
- Product Development Laboratories, Japan Tobacco Inc, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Japan Tobacco Inc, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Nomura
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Japan Tobacco Inc, Takatsuki, Japan
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20
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Canale V, Grychowska K, Kurczab R, Ryng M, Keeri AR, Satała G, Olejarz-Maciej A, Koczurkiewicz P, Drop M, Blicharz K, Piska K, Pękala E, Janiszewska P, Krawczyk M, Walczak M, Chaumont-Dubel S, Bojarski AJ, Marin P, Popik P, Zajdel P. A dual-acting 5-HT 6 receptor inverse agonist/MAO-B inhibitor displays glioprotective and pro-cognitive properties. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112765. [PMID: 32949963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The complex etiology of Alzheimer's disease has initiated a quest for multi-target ligands to address the multifactorial causes of this neurodegenerative disorder. In this context, we designed dual-acting 5-HT6 receptor (5-HT6R) antagonists/MAO-B inhibitors using pharmacophore hybridization strategy. Our approach involved linking priviliged scaffolds of 5-HT6R with aryloxy fragments derived from reversible and irreversible MAO-B inhibitors. The study identified compound 48 that acts as an inverse agonist of 5-HT6R at Gs signaling and an irreversible MAO-B inhibitor. Compound 48 showed moderate metabolic stability in rat microsomal assay, artificial membrane permeability, no hepatotoxicity, and it was well distributed to the brain. Additionally, 48 showed glioprotective properties in a model of cultured astrocytes using 6-OHDA as the cytotoxic agent. Finally, compound 48 (MED = 1 mg/kg, p.o.) fully reversed memory deficits in the NOR task induced by scopolamine in rats. A better understanding of effects exerted by dual-acting 5-HT6R/MAO-B modulators may impact the future development of neurodegenerative-directed treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Canale
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grychowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 12 Smętna Str., 31-324, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Ryng
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 12 Smętna Str., 31-324, Kraków, Poland
| | - Abdul Raheem Keeri
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 12 Smętna Str., 31-324, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Drop
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Klaudia Blicharz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Janiszewska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicology, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martyna Krawczyk
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of New Drug Development, 12 Smętna Str., 31-324, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicology, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Severine Chaumont-Dubel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS INSERM, 34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 12 Smętna Str., 31-324, Kraków, Poland
| | - Philippe Marin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS INSERM, 34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Piotr Popik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of New Drug Development, 12 Smętna Str., 31-324, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Zajdel
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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21
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Gawlik M, Trawiński J, Skibiński R. Identification and characterization of citalopram new metabolites with the use of UHPLC-Q-TOF technique: In silico toxicity assessment of the identified transformation products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 186:113299. [PMID: 32375106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study the metabolite profiling of citalopram with the use of human liver microsomes as well as the complementary photocatalytic method were established. This strategy allowed the detection of five metabolites of citalopram including 3-hydroxycitalopram and 3-oxocitalopram which were found as a new and not previously described metabolites of this drug The photocatalytic simulation of metabolism was carried out using tungsten (VI) oxide nanopowders with the different particle sizes, which allowed to examine the effect of this photocatalyst parameter on the mapping of metabolic processes. The accurate characterization of all observed structures was possible due to the use of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry combined system as a highly useful technique in drug metabolism studies. In order to perform the toxicity prediction of citalopram and its metabolites, the acute toxicity to rodents, as well as genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, developmental toxicity and receptor-mediated toxicity was calculated basing on the in silico tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Gawlik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Trawiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Skibiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
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22
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Johny A, Ivanova L, Knutsdatter Østbye TK, Fæste CK. Biotransformation of phytoestrogens from soy in enzymatically characterized liver microsomes and primary hepatocytes of Atlantic salmon. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110611. [PMID: 32294595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Efficient aquaculture is depending on sustainable protein sources. The shortage in marine raw materials has initiated a shift to "green aquafeeds" based on staple ingredients such as soy and wheat. Plant-based diets entail new challenges regarding fish health, product quality and consumer risks due to the possible presence of chemical contaminants, natural toxins and bioactive compounds like phytoestrogens. Daidzein (DAI), genistein (GEN) and glycitein (GLY) are major soy isoflavones with considerable estrogenic activities, potentially interfering with the piscine endocrine system and affecting consumers after carry-over. In this context, information on isoflavone biotransformation in fish is crucial for risk evaluation. We have therefore isolated hepatic fractions of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), the most important species in Norwegian aquaculture, and used them to study isoflavone elimination and metabolite formation. The salmon liver microsomes and primary hepatocytes were characterized with respect to phase I cytochrome P450 (CYP) and phase II uridine-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme activities using specific probe substrates, which allowed comparison to results in other species. DAI, GEN and GLY were effectively cleared by UGT. Based on the measurement of exact masses, fragmentation patterns, and retention times in liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry, we preliminarily identified the 7-O-glucuronides as the main metabolites in salmon, possibly produced by UGT1A1 and UGT1A9-like activities. In contrast, the production of oxidative metabolites by CYP was insignificant. Under optimized assay conditions, only small amounts of mono-hydroxylated DAI were detectable. These findings suggested that bioaccumulation of phytoestrogens in farmed salmon and consumer risks from soy-containing aquafeeds are unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha Johny
- Toxinology Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 0454, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lada Ivanova
- Toxinology Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 0454, Oslo, Norway.
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23
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Renn A, Su B, Liu H, Sun J, Tseng YJ. Advances in the prediction of mouse liver microsomal studies: From machine learning to deep learning. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Renn
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of California‐Berkeley Berkeley California USA
| | - Bo‐Han Su
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Hsin Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Joseph Sun
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Yufeng J. Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
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24
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Thum S, Schepmann D, Reinoso RF, Alvarez I, Ametamey SM, Wünsch B. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of fluorinated benzo[7]annulen-7-amines as GluN2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 62:354-379. [PMID: 30850991 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Because of their neuroprotective potential, GluN2B-selective ligands are of great interest for the treatment of various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Fluorinated benzo[7]annulen-7-amines, capable for PET, were synthesized by combining fluorinated phenylalkylamines with differently substituted ketones. Relationships between substitution pattern and GluN2B affinity as well as selectivity towards σ1 and σ2 receptors were investigated. Two promising ligands (18a and 20c) were selected for further pharmacological evaluation. Besides a slight serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and hERG affinity, they did not show interaction with other targets. Furthermore, the pKa value of a set fluorinated ligands, bearing the fluorine atom in different positions, was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Thum
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Simon M Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Science of ETH, PSI, and USZ, ETH-Hönggerberg, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
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25
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Kim M, Kang J, Lee M, Han J, Nam G, Tak E, Kim MS, Lee HJ, Nam E, Park J, Oh SJ, Lee JY, Lee JY, Baik MH, Lim MH. Minimalistic Principles for Designing Small Molecules with Multiple Reactivities against Pathological Factors in Dementia. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8183-8193. [PMID: 32233474 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple pathogenic elements, including reactive oxygen species, amyloidogenic proteins, and metal ions, are associated with the development of neurodegenerative disorders. We report minimalistic redox-based principles for preparing compact aromatic compounds by derivatizing the phenylene moiety with various functional groups. These molecular agents display enhanced reactivities against multiple targets such as free radicals, metal-free amyloid-β (Aβ), and metal-bound Aβ that are implicated in the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mechanistic studies reveal that the redox properties of these reagents are essential for their function. Specifically, they engage in oxidative reactions with metal-free and metal-bound Aβ, leading to chemical modifications of the Aβ peptides to form covalent adducts that alter the aggregation of Aβ. Moreover, the administration of the most promising candidate significantly attenuates the amyloid pathology in the brains of AD transgenic mice and improves their cognitive defects. Our studies demonstrate an efficient and effective redox-based strategy for incorporating multiple functions into simple molecular reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Tak
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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26
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A tutorial for the assessment of the stability of organometallic complexes in biological media. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.121059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Lane TR, Massey C, Comer JE, Anantpadma M, Freundlich JS, Davey RA, Madrid PB, Ekins S. Repurposing the antimalarial pyronaridine tetraphosphate to protect against Ebola virus infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007890. [PMID: 31751347 PMCID: PMC6894882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent outbreaks of the Ebola virus (EBOV) have focused attention on the dire need for antivirals to treat these patients. We identified pyronaridine tetraphosphate as a potential candidate as it is an approved drug in the European Union which is currently used in combination with artesunate as a treatment for malaria (EC50 between 420 nM—1.14 μM against EBOV in HeLa cells). Range-finding studies in mice directed us to a single 75 mg/kg i.p. dose 1 hr after infection which resulted in 100% survival and statistically significantly reduced viremia at study day 3 from a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted EBOV (maEBOV). Further, an EBOV window study suggested we could dose pyronaridine 2 or 24 hrs post-exposure to result in similar efficacy. Analysis of cytokine and chemokine panels suggests that pyronaridine may act as an immunomodulator during an EBOV infection. Our studies with pyronaridine clearly demonstrate potential utility for its repurposing as an antiviral against EBOV and merits further study in larger animal models with the added benefit of already being used as a treatment against malaria. To date there is no approved drug for Ebola Virus infection. Our approach has been to assess drugs that are already approved for other uses in various countries. Using computational models, we have previously identified three such drugs and demonstrated their activity against the Ebola virus in vitro. We now report on the in vitro absorption, metabolism, distribution, excretion and pharmacokinetic properties of one of these molecules, namely the antimalarial pyronaridine. We justify efficacy testing in the mouse model of ebola infection. We also demonstrate that a single dose of this drug is 100% effective against the virus. This study provides important preclinical evaluation of this already approved drug and justifies its selection for larger animal efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Lane
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Christopher Massey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jason E. Comer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- Institutional Office of Regulated Nonclinical Studies, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Manu Anantpadma
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Joel S. Freundlich
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience & Medicine, Center for Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Rutgers University–New Jersey Medical School, NJ, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Davey
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | | | - Sean Ekins
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Metabolic stability and its role in the discovery of new chemical entities. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:345-361. [PMID: 31259741 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Determination of metabolic profiles of new chemical entities is a key step in the process of drug discovery, since it influences pharmacokinetic characteristics of therapeutic compounds. One of the main challenges of medicinal chemistry is not only to design compounds demonstrating beneficial activity, but also molecules exhibiting favourable pharmacokinetic parameters. Chemical compounds can be divided into those which are metabolized relatively fast and those which undergo slow biotransformation. Rapid biotransformation reduces exposure to the maternal compound and may lead to the generation of active, non-active or toxic metabolites. In contrast, high metabolic stability may promote interactions between drugs and lead to parent compound toxicity. In the present paper, issues of compound metabolic stability will be discussed, with special emphasis on its significance, in vitro metabolic stability testing, dilemmas regarding in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of the results and some aspects relating to different preclinical species used in in vitro metabolic stability assessment of compounds.
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29
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Thum S, Schepmann D, Ayet E, Pujol M, Nieto FR, Ametamey SM, Wünsch B. Tetrahydro-3-benzazepines with fluorinated side chains as NMDA and σ 1 receptor antagonists: Synthesis, receptor affinity, selectivity and antiallodynic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 177:47-62. [PMID: 31129453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The class of tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepines was systematically modified in 1-, 3- and 7-position. In particular, a F-atom was introduced in β- or γ-position of the 4-phenylbutyl side chain in 3-position. Ligands with the F-atom in γ-position possess higher GluN2B affinity than analogs bearing the F-atom in β-position. This effect was attributed to the reduced basicity of β-fluoro amines. 3-Benzazepines with a benzylic OH moiety show moderate GluN2B affinity, but considerable selectivity over the σ2 receptor. However, removal of the benzylic OH moiety led to increased GluN2B affinity, but reduced GluN2B/σ2 selectivity. With respect to GluN2B affinity the phenol 17b with a γ-fluorophenylbutyl moiety in 3-position represents the most interesting fluorinated ligand (Ki(GluN2B) = 16 nM). Most of the synthesized ligands reveal either similar GluN2B and σ1 affinity or higher σ1 affinity than GluN2B affinity. The methyl ether 16b shows high σ1 affinity (Ki(σ1) = 6.6 nM) and high selectivity over a broad panel of receptors and transporters. The high antiallodynic activity in the mouse capsaicin assay proved the σ1 antagonistic activity of 16b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Thum
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Ayet
- Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A, Baldiri Reixach 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pujol
- Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A, Baldiri Reixach 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
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30
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Repurposing Quinacrine against Ebola Virus Infection In Vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.01142-19. [PMID: 31307979 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01142-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinacrine hydrochloride is a small-molecule, orally bioavailable drug that has been used clinically as an antimalarial and for many other applications. A machine learning model trained on Ebola virus (EBOV) screening data identified quinacrine as a potent (nanomolar) in vitro inhibitor. In the current study, quinacrine 25 mg/kg was shown to protect 70% of mice (statistically significant) from a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted EBOV with once-daily intraperitoneal dosing for 8 days.
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31
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Argemi J, Latasa MU, Atkinson SR, Blokhin IO, Massey V, Gue JP, Cabezas J, Lozano JJ, Van Booven D, Bell A, Cao S, Vernetti LA, Arab JP, Ventura-Cots M, Edmunds LR, Fondevila C, Stärkel P, Dubuquoy L, Louvet A, Odena G, Gomez JL, Aragon T, Altamirano J, Caballeria J, Jurczak MJ, Taylor DL, Berasain C, Wahlestedt C, Monga SP, Morgan MY, Sancho-Bru P, Mathurin P, Furuya S, Lackner C, Rusyn I, Shah VH, Thursz MR, Mann J, Avila MA, Bataller R. Defective HNF4alpha-dependent gene expression as a driver of hepatocellular failure in alcoholic hepatitis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3126. [PMID: 31311938 PMCID: PMC6635373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a life-threatening condition characterized by profound hepatocellular dysfunction for which targeted treatments are urgently needed. Identification of molecular drivers is hampered by the lack of suitable animal models. By performing RNA sequencing in livers from patients with different phenotypes of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), we show that development of AH is characterized by defective activity of liver-enriched transcription factors (LETFs). TGFβ1 is a key upstream transcriptome regulator in AH and induces the use of HNF4α P2 promoter in hepatocytes, which results in defective metabolic and synthetic functions. Gene polymorphisms in LETFs including HNF4α are not associated with the development of AH. In contrast, epigenetic studies show that AH livers have profound changes in DNA methylation state and chromatin remodeling, affecting HNF4α-dependent gene expression. We conclude that targeting TGFβ1 and epigenetic drivers that modulate HNF4α-dependent gene expression could be beneficial to improve hepatocellular function in patients with AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josepmaria Argemi
- 0000 0001 0650 7433grid.412689.0Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA ,0000000419370271grid.5924.aLiver Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008 Spain
| | - Maria U. Latasa
- 0000000419370271grid.5924.aHepatology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008 Spain
| | - Stephen R. Atkinson
- 0000 0001 2113 8111grid.7445.2Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Ilya O. Blokhin
- 0000 0004 1936 8606grid.26790.3aCenter for Therapeutic Innovation and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Veronica Massey
- 0000000122483208grid.10698.36Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA
| | - Joel P. Gue
- 0000 0001 0650 7433grid.412689.0Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Joaquin Cabezas
- 0000000122483208grid.10698.36Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA ,0000 0001 0627 4262grid.411325.0Departament of Hepatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, 39008 Spain
| | - Juan J. Lozano
- grid.452371.60000 0004 5930 4607Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, 28029 Spain ,grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036 Spain
| | - Derek Van Booven
- 0000 0004 1936 8606grid.26790.3aJohn P. Hussman Institute of Human Genomics. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Aaron Bell
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dDepartments of Pathology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Sheng Cao
- 0000 0004 0459 167Xgrid.66875.3aDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Lawrence A. Vernetti
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dUniversity of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Juan P. Arab
- 0000 0004 0459 167Xgrid.66875.3aDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA ,0000 0001 2157 0406grid.7870.8Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Meritxell Ventura-Cots
- 0000 0001 0650 7433grid.412689.0Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Lia R. Edmunds
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Metabolic and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Constantino Fondevila
- 0000 0004 1937 0247grid.5841.8Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036 Spain
| | - Peter Stärkel
- 0000 0001 2294 713Xgrid.7942.8Service d’Hépato-gastroentérologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Laboratory of Hepatogastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200 Belgium
| | - Laurent Dubuquoy
- 0000 0001 2242 6780grid.503422.2Service des Maladies de l’appareil digestif, CHU Lille. Inserm LIRIC - UMR995, University of Lille, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Alexandre Louvet
- 0000 0001 2242 6780grid.503422.2Service des Maladies de l’appareil digestif, CHU Lille. Inserm LIRIC - UMR995, University of Lille, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Gemma Odena
- 0000000122483208grid.10698.36Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA
| | - Juan L. Gomez
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dDepartments of Pathology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Tomas Aragon
- 0000000419370271grid.5924.aDepartment of Gene Therapy and Regulation, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008 Spain
| | - Jose Altamirano
- grid.440085.d0000 0004 0615 254XLiver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Quiron Salud, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Juan Caballeria
- grid.452371.60000 0004 5930 4607Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, 28029 Spain ,grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036 Spain
| | - Michael J. Jurczak
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Metabolic and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - D. Lansing Taylor
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dUniversity of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Carmen Berasain
- 0000000419370271grid.5924.aHepatology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008 Spain ,grid.452371.60000 0004 5930 4607Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- 0000 0004 1936 8606grid.26790.3aCenter for Therapeutic Innovation and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Satdarshan P. Monga
- 0000 0004 1936 9000grid.21925.3dDepartments of Pathology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Marsha Y. Morgan
- 0000000121901201grid.83440.3bUCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- grid.452371.60000 0004 5930 4607Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, 28029 Spain ,grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036 Spain
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- 0000 0001 2242 6780grid.503422.2Service des Maladies de l’appareil digestif, CHU Lille. Inserm LIRIC - UMR995, University of Lille, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Shinji Furuya
- 0000 0004 4687 2082grid.264756.4Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845 USA
| | - Carolin Lackner
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Medical University of Graz, Institute of Pathology, Graz, 8036 Austria
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- 0000 0004 4687 2082grid.264756.4Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845 USA
| | - Vijay H. Shah
- 0000 0004 0459 167Xgrid.66875.3aDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Mark R. Thursz
- 0000 0001 2113 8111grid.7445.2Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Jelena Mann
- 0000 0001 0462 7212grid.1006.7Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Matias A. Avila
- 0000000419370271grid.5924.aHepatology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008 Spain ,grid.452371.60000 0004 5930 4607Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA.
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Microfabrication of AngioChip, a biodegradable polymer scaffold with microfluidic vasculature. Nat Protoc 2019; 13:1793-1813. [PMID: 30072724 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microengineered biomimetic systems for organ-on-a-chip or tissue engineering purposes often fail as a result of an inability to recapitulate the in vivo environment, specifically the presence of a well-defined vascular system. To address this limitation, we developed an alternative method to cultivate three-dimensional (3D) tissues by incorporating a microfabricated scaffold, termed AngioChip, with a built-in perfusable vascular network. Here, we provide a detailed protocol for fabricating the AngioChip scaffold, populating it with endothelial cells and parenchymal tissues, and applying it in organ-on-a-chip drug testing in vitro and surgical vascular anastomosis in vivo. The fabrication of the AngioChip scaffold is achieved by a 3D stamping technique, in which an intricate microchannel network can be embedded within a 3D scaffold. To develop a vascularized tissue, endothelial cells are cultured in the lumen of the AngioChip network, and parenchymal cells are encapsulated in hydrogels that are amenable to remodeling around the vascular network to form functional tissues. Together, these steps yield a functional, vascularized network in vitro over a 14-d period. Finally, we demonstrate the functionality of AngioChip-vascularized hepatic and cardiac tissues, and describe direct surgical anastomosis of the AngioChip vascular network on the hind limb of a Lewis rat model.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The kidney-type glutaminase (GLS) controlling the first step of glutamine metabolism is overexpressed in many cancer cells. Targeting inhibition of GLS shows obvious inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, extensive research and development of GLS inhibitors have been carried out in industrial and academic institutions over the past decade to address this unmet medical need. AREAS COVERED This review covers researches and patent literatures in the field of discovery and development of small molecule inhibitors of GLS for cancer therapy over the past 16 years. EXPERT OPINION The detailed ligand-receptor interaction information from their complex structure not only guides the rational drug design, but also facilitates in silico structure-based virtual ligand screening of novel GLS inhibitors. Multi-drug combination administration is of great significance both in terms of safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- CanRong Wu
- a Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - LiXia Chen
- b Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Sanshan Jin
- c Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province , Wuhan , China
| | - Hua Li
- a Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China.,b Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
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34
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Moine E, Moiré N, Dimier-Poisson I, Brunet K, Couet W, Colas C, Van Langendonck N, Enguehard-Gueiffier C, Gueiffier A, Héraut B, Denevault-Sabourin C, Debierre-Grockiego F. Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines targeting Toxoplasma gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 decrease the parasite burden in mice with acute toxoplasmosis. Int J Parasitol 2018. [PMID: 29524527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The current therapeutic arsenal for toxoplasmosis is restricted to drugs non-specific to the parasite which cause important side effects. Development of more efficient and specific anti-Toxoplasma compounds is urgently needed. Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines designed to inhibit the calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 of Toxoplasma gondii (TgCDPK1) and effective against tachyzoite growth in vitro at submicromolar ranges were modified into hydrochloride salts to be administered in vivo in a mouse model of acute toxoplasmosis. All protonated imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine salts (SP230, SP231 and SP232) maintained their activity on TgCDPK1 and T. gondii tachyzoites. Rat and mouse liver microsomes were used to predict half-life and intrinsic clearance, and the pharmacokinetic profile of the most rapidly degraded imidazo[1,2b]pyridazine salt (SP230) was determined in serum, brain and lungs of mice after a single administration of 50 mg/kg. Compounds were then tested in vivo in a murine model of acute toxoplasmosis. Mice infected with tachyzoites of the ME49 strain of T. gondii were treated for 4, 7 or 8 days with 25 or 50 mg/kg/day of SP230, SP231 or SP232. The parasite burdens were strongly diminished (>90% reduction under some conditions) in the spleen and the lungs of mice treated with imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine salts compared with untreated mice, without the need for pre-treatment. Moreover, no increases in the levels of hepatic and renal toxicity markers were observed, demonstrating no significant signs of short-term toxicity. To conclude, imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine salts have strong efficacy in vivo on acute toxoplasmosis and should be further tested in a model of mouse congenital toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kévin Brunet
- Université de Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, Inserm U1070, Poitiers, France
| | - William Couet
- Université de Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, Inserm U1070, Poitiers, France
| | - Cyril Colas
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, Orléans, France; CNRS, CBM, UPR 4301, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Héraut
- ISP, INRA, Université Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
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Słoczyńska K, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Canale V, Żmudzki P, Zajdel P, Pękala E. Biotransformation of 4-fluoro-N-(1-{2-[(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethyl}-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)-benzenesulfonamide, a novel potent 5-HT 7 receptor antagonist with antidepressant-like and anxiolytic properties: In vitro and in silico approach. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22048. [PMID: 29469967 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the metabolism of 4-fluoro-N-(1-{2-[(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethyl}-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)-benzenesulfonamide (PZ-1150), a novel 5-HT7 receptor antagonist with antidepressant-like and anxiolytic properties, by the following three ways: in vitro with microsomes; in vitro employing Cunninghamella echinulata, and in silico using MetaSite. Biotransformation of PZ-1150 with microsomes resulted in five metabolites, while transformation with C. echinulata afforded two metabolites. In both models, the predominant metabolite occurred due to hydroxylation of benzene ring. In silico data coincide with in vitro experiments, as three MetaSite metabolites matched compounds identified in microsomal samples. In human liver microsomes PZ-1150 exhibited in vitro half-life of 64 min, with microsomal intrinsic clearance of 54.1 μL/min/mg and intrinsic clearance of 48.7 mL/min/kg. Therefore, PZ-1150 is predicted to be a high-clearance agent. The study demonstrated the applicability of using microsomal model coupled with microbial model to elucidate the metabolic pathways of compounds and comparison with in silico metabolite predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Vittorio Canale
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Paweł Zajdel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Krakow 30-688, Poland
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36
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Efficacy of Tilorone Dihydrochloride against Ebola Virus Infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.01711-17. [PMID: 29133569 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01711-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tilorone dihydrochloride (tilorone) is a small-molecule, orally bioavailable drug that is used clinically as an antiviral outside the United States. A machine-learning model trained on anti-Ebola virus (EBOV) screening data previously identified tilorone as a potent in vitro EBOV inhibitor, making it a candidate for the treatment of Ebola virus disease (EVD). In the present study, a series of in vitro ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) assays demonstrated the drug has excellent solubility, high Caco-2 permeability, was not a P-glycoprotein substrate, and had no inhibitory activity against five human CYP450 enzymes (3A4, 2D6, 2C19, 2C9, and 1A2). Tilorone was shown to have 52% human plasma protein binding with excellent plasma stability and a mouse liver microsome half-life of 48 min. Dose range-finding studies in mice demonstrated a maximum tolerated single dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight. A pharmacokinetics study in mice at 2- and 10-mg/kg dose levels showed that the drug is rapidly absorbed, has dose-dependent increases in maximum concentration of unbound drug in plasma and areas under the concentration-time curve, and has a half-life of approximately 18 h in both males and females, although the exposure was ∼2.5-fold higher in male mice. Tilorone doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg proved efficacious in protecting 90% of mice from a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted with once-daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) dosing for 8 days. A subsequent study showed that 30 mg/kg/day of tilorone given i.p. starting 2 or 24 h postchallenge and continuing through day 7 postinfection was fully protective, indicating promising activity for the treatment of EVD.
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37
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Novel multi-target azinesulfonamides of cyclic amine derivatives as potential antipsychotics with pro-social and pro-cognitive effects. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:790-804. [PMID: 29407591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently used antipsychotics are characterized by multireceptor mode of action. While antagonism of dopamine D2 receptors is responsible for the alleviation of "positive" symptoms of schizophrenia and the effects at other, particularly serotonergic receptors are necessary for their additional therapeutic effects, there is no consensus regarding an "ideal" target engagement. Here, a detailed SAR analysis in a series of 45 novel azinesulfonamides of cyclic amine derivatives, involving the aryl-piperazine/piperidine pharmacophore, central alicyclic amine and azinesulfonamide groups has led to the selection of (S)-4-((2-(2-(4-(benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)isoquinoline (62). The polypharmacology profile of 62, characterized by partial 5-HT1AR agonism, 5-HT2A/5-HT7/D2/D3R antagonism, and blockade of SERT, reduced the "positive"-like, and "negative"-like symptoms of psychoses. Compound 62 produced no catalepsy, demonstrated a low hyperprolactinemia liability and displayed pro-cognitive effects in the novel object recognition task and attentional set-shifting test. While association of in vitro features with the promising in vivo profile of 62 is still not fully established, its clinical efficacy should be verified in further stages of development.
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38
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Novel non-sulfonamide 5-HT 6 receptor partial inverse agonist in a group of imidazo[4,5- b ]pyridines with cognition enhancing properties. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:716-729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Schyman P, Liu R, Desai V, Wallqvist A. vNN Web Server for ADMET Predictions. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:889. [PMID: 29255418 PMCID: PMC5722789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In drug development, early assessments of pharmacokinetic and toxic properties are important stepping stones to avoid costly and unnecessary failures. Considerable progress has recently been made in the development of computer-based (in silico) models to estimate such properties. Nonetheless, such models can be further improved in terms of their ability to make predictions more rapidly, easily, and with greater reliability. To address this issue, we have used our vNN method to develop 15 absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) prediction models. These models quickly assess some of the most important properties of potential drug candidates, including their cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, cardiotoxicity, drug-drug interactions, microsomal stability, and likelihood of causing drug-induced liver injury. Here we summarize the ability of each of these models to predict such properties and discuss their overall performance. All of these ADMET models are publically available on our website (https://vnnadmet.bhsai.org/), which also offers the capability of using the vNN method to customize and build new models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patric Schyman
- DoD Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
| | - Ruifeng Liu
- DoD Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
| | - Valmik Desai
- DoD Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
| | - Anders Wallqvist
- DoD Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
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40
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Hernandez-Morales I, Geluykens P, Clynhens M, Strijbos R, Goethals O, Megens S, Verheyen N, Last S, McGowan D, Coesemans E, De Boeck B, Stoops B, Devogelaere B, Pauwels F, Vandyck K, Berke JM, Raboisson P, Simmen K, Lory P, Van Loock M. Characterization of a dengue NS4B inhibitor originating from an HCV small molecule library. Antiviral Res 2017; 147:149-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Marcinkowska M, Kołaczkowski M, Kamiński K, Bucki A, Pawłowski M, Siwek A, Karcz T, Starowicz G, Słoczyńska K, Pękala E, Wesołowska A, Samochowiec J, Mierzejewski P, Bienkowski P. 3-Aminomethyl Derivatives of 2-Phenylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridine as Positive Allosteric Modulators of GABA A Receptor with Potential Antipsychotic Activity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1291-1298. [PMID: 28211669 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by behavioral changes as well as anatomical and neurochemical abnormalities. There has been remarkable progress in the drug discovery for schizophrenia; however, antipsychotics that act through molecular targets, other than monoaminergic receptors, have not been developed. One of the hypotheses of schizophrenia states that GABAergic dysfunction might be implemented in the pathophysiology of this disease. Our recent findings and previous clinical observations have suggested that modulation of GABAergic system through α1-GABAA receptors would represent an original approach for the treatment of schizophrenia. This study presents the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of fluorinated 3-aminomethyl derivatives of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridine as potential antipsychotic agents. Compound 7 has a high affinity for GABAA receptor (Ki = 27.2 nM), high in vitro metabolic stability, and antipsychotic-like activity in amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion test in rats (MED = 10 mg/kg). Compound 7 represents a promising point of entry in the course of development of antipsychotic agents with a nondopaminergic mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Marcinkowska
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kamiński
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Pawłowski
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Starowicz
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Słoczyńska
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department
of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 1 Rybacka St., 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Mierzejewski
- Department
of Pharmacology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego
St. 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Bienkowski
- Department
of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Nowowiejska 27, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
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42
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Marć MA, Domínguez-Álvarez E, Słoczyńska K, Żmudzki P, Chłoń-Rzepa G, Pękala E. In Vitro Biotransformation, Safety, and Chemopreventive Action of Novel 8-Methoxy-Purine-2,6-Dione Derivatives. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017. [PMID: 28624999 PMCID: PMC5756575 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic stability, mutagenicity, antimutagenicity, and the ability to scavenge free radicals of four novel 8-methoxy-purine-2,6-dione derivatives (compounds 1–4) demonstrating analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties were determined. Metabolic stability was evaluated in Cunninghamella and microsomal models, mutagenic and antimutagenic properties were assessed using the Ames and the Vibrio harveyi tests, and free radical scavenging activity was evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. In the Cunninghamella model, compound 2 did not undergo any biotransformation; whereas 3 and 4 showed less metabolic stability: 1–9 and 53–88% of the parental compound, respectively, underwent biotransformation reactions in different Cunninghamella strains. The metabolites detected after the biotransformation of 3 and 4 were aromatic hydroxylation and N-dealkylation products. On the other hand, the N-dealkylation product was the only metabolite formed in microsome assay. Additionally, these derivatives do not possess mutagenic potential in microbiological models (Vibrio harveyi and Salmonella typhimurium) considered. Moreover, all compounds showed a strong chemopreventive activity in the modified Vibrio harveyi strains BB7X and BB7M. However, radical scavenging activity was not the mechanism which explained the observed chemopreventive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Anna Marć
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of General Organic Chemistry, Spanish National Research Council (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grażyna Chłoń-Rzepa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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43
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Vernetti L, Gough A, Baetz N, Blutt S, Broughman JR, Brown JA, Foulke-Abel J, Hasan N, In J, Kelly E, Kovbasnjuk O, Repper J, Senutovitch N, Stabb J, Yeung C, Zachos NC, Donowitz M, Estes M, Himmelfarb J, Truskey G, Wikswo JP, Taylor DL. Functional Coupling of Human Microphysiology Systems: Intestine, Liver, Kidney Proximal Tubule, Blood-Brain Barrier and Skeletal Muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42296. [PMID: 28176881 PMCID: PMC5296733 DOI: 10.1038/srep42296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ interactions resulting from drug, metabolite or xenobiotic transport between organs are key components of human metabolism that impact therapeutic action and toxic side effects. Preclinical animal testing often fails to predict adverse outcomes arising from sequential, multi-organ metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics. Human microphysiological systems (MPS) can model these interactions and are predicted to dramatically improve the efficiency of the drug development process. In this study, five human MPS models were evaluated for functional coupling, defined as the determination of organ interactions via an in vivo-like sequential, organ-to-organ transfer of media. MPS models representing the major absorption, metabolism and clearance organs (the jejunum, liver and kidney) were evaluated, along with skeletal muscle and neurovascular models. Three compounds were evaluated for organ-specific processing: terfenadine for pharmacokinetics (PK) and toxicity; trimethylamine (TMA) as a potentially toxic microbiome metabolite; and vitamin D3. We show that the organ-specific processing of these compounds was consistent with clinical data, and discovered that trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) crosses the blood-brain barrier. These studies demonstrate the potential of human MPS for multi-organ toxicity and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME), provide guidance for physically coupling MPS, and offer an approach to coupling MPS with distinct media and perfusion requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Vernetti
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Baltimore, PA, USA
| | - Albert Gough
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Baltimore, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas Baetz
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Blutt
- Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James R Broughman
- Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacquelyn A Brown
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Foulke-Abel
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nesrin Hasan
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julie In
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Olga Kovbasnjuk
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Repper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nina Senutovitch
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Janet Stabb
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Catherine Yeung
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, WA, USA.,Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Nick C Zachos
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Donowitz
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Estes
- Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - George Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John P Wikswo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - D Lansing Taylor
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Baltimore, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PA, USA
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44
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Entrena JM, Sánchez-Fernández C, Nieto FR, González-Cano R, Yeste S, Cobos EJ, Baeyens JM. Sigma-1 Receptor Agonism Promotes Mechanical Allodynia After Priming the Nociceptive System with Capsaicin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37835. [PMID: 27886264 PMCID: PMC5122889 DOI: 10.1038/srep37835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor antagonists promote antinociception in several models of pain, but the effects of sigma-1 agonists on nociception (particularly when the nociceptive system is primed) are not so well characterized; therefore we evaluated the effects of sigma-1 agonists on pain under different experimental conditions. The systemic administration of the selective sigma-1 agonists (+)-pentazocine and PRE-084, as well as the nonselective sigma-1 agonist carbetapentane (used clinically as an antitussive drug), did not alter sensitivity to mechanical stimulation under baseline conditions. However, they greatly promoted secondary mechanical allodynia after priming the nociceptive system with capsaicin. These effects of sigma-1 agonists were consistent in terms potency with the affinities of these drugs for sigma-1 receptors, were reversed by sigma-1 antagonists, and were not observed in sigma-1 knockout mice, indicating that they are sigma-1-mediated. Repeated systemic treatment with PRE-084 induced proallodynic effects even 24 h after treatment completion, but only after the nociceptive system was primed. However, neither the presence of this drug in the organism nor changes in sigma-1 receptor expression in areas involved in pain processing explains its long-term effects, suggesting that sustained sigma-1 agonism induces plastic changes in the nociceptive system that promote nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Entrena
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Animal Behavior Research Unit, Scientific Instrumentation Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - C. Sánchez-Fernández
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - F. R. Nieto
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - R. González-Cano
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - S. Yeste
- Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, Esteve, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. J. Cobos
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Teófilo Hernando Institute for Drug Discovery, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. M. Baeyens
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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45
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Badavath VN, Ucar G, Sinha BN, Mondal SK, Jayaprakash V. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Novel Pyrazoline Analogues: Curcumin Based Design and Synthesis-II. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Nayak Badavath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology; Birla Institute of Technology; Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835 215 India
| | - Gulberk Ucar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye; 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Barij Nayan Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology; Birla Institute of Technology; Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835 215 India
| | - Susanta Kumar Mondal
- TCG Life sciences Ltd; BIPL, Block EP & GP, Sector V, Saltlake; Kolkata 700091, West Bengal India
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology; Birla Institute of Technology; Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835 215 India
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46
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Knights KM, Stresser DM, Miners JO, Crespi CL. In Vitro Drug Metabolism Using Liver Microsomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 74:7.8.1-7.8.24. [DOI: 10.1002/cpph.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Knights
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - David M. Stresser
- Corning Gentest Contract Research, Corning Incorporated Life Sciences Woburn Massachusetts
| | - John O. Miners
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia
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47
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Słoczyńska K, Pańczyk K, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Pękala E. In vitro mutagenic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities evaluation and biotransformation of some bioactive 4-substituted 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine derivatives. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 30:593-601. [PMID: 27450225 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In vitro mutagenic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant potency evaluation and biotransformation of six novel 4-substituted 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine derivatives demonstrating antidepressant-like activity were investigated. Mutagenic and antimutagenic properties were assessed using the Ames test; free radical scavenging activity was evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and biotransformation was performed with liver microsomes. It was found that all tested compounds are not mutagenic in bacterial strains TA100 and TA1535 and exhibit antimutagenic effects in the Ames test. Noteworthy, compounds possessing propyl linker between phenoxyl and N-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine displayed more pronounced antimutagenic properties than derivatives with ethoxyethyl linker. Additionally, compounds 2 and 6 in vitro biotransformation showed that primarily their hydroxylated or O-dealkylated metabolites are formed. Some of the compounds exhibited intrinsic clearance values lower than those reported previously for antidepressant imipramine. To sum up, the results of the present study might represent a valuable step in designing and planning future studies with piperazine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medycznz Street, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pańczyk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, 30-688, Poland
| | - Anna M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, 30-688, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, 30-688, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medycznz Street, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
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48
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Lipid-based oral delivery systems for skin deposition of a potential chemopreventive DIM derivative: characterization and evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2016; 6:526-39. [PMID: 27405772 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the oral route as a viable potential for the skin deposition of a novel diindolylmethane derivative (DIM-D) for chemoprevention activity. Various lipid-based oral delivery systems were optimized and compared for enhancing DIM-D's oral bioavailability and skin deposition. Preformulation studies were performed to evaluate the log P and solubility of DIM-D. Microsomal metabolism, P-glycoprotein efflux, and caco-2 monolayer permeability of DIM-D were determined. Comparative evaluation of the oral absorption and skin deposition of DIM-D-loaded various lipid-based formulations was performed in rats. DIM-D showed pH-dependent solubility and a high log P value. It was not a strong substrate of microsomal degradation and P-glycoprotein. SMEDDs comprised of medium chain triglycerides, monoglycerides, and kolliphor-HS15 (36.70 ± 0.42 nm). SNEDDs comprised of long chain triglycerides, cremophor RH40, labrasol, and TPGS (84.00 ± 14.14 nm). Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) consisted of compritol, miglyol, and surfactants (116.50 ± 2.12 nm). The blank formulations all showed >70 % cell viability in caco-2 cells. Differential Scanning Calorimetry confirmed the amorphization of DIM-D within the lipid matrices while Atomic Force Microscopy showed particle size distribution similar to the dynamic light scattering data. DIM-D also showed reduced permeation across caco-2 monolayer that was enhanced (p < 0.05) by SNEDDs in comparison to SMEDDs and NLC. Fabsolute for DIM-D SNEDDs, SMEDDs, and NLC was 0.14, 0.04, and 0.007, respectively. SNEDDs caused 53.90, 11.32, and 15.08-fold more skin deposition of DIM-D than the free drug, SMEDDs, and NLC, respectively, at 2 h following oral administration and shows a viable potential for use in skin cancer chemoprevention. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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49
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Shah P, Kerns E, Nguyen DT, Obach RS, Wang AQ, Zakharov A, McKew J, Simeonov A, Hop CECA, Xu X. An Automated High-Throughput Metabolic Stability Assay Using an Integrated High-Resolution Accurate Mass Method and Automated Data Analysis Software. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 44:1653-61. [PMID: 27417180 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.072017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Advancement of in silico tools would be enabled by the availability of data for metabolic reaction rates and intrinsic clearance (CLint) of a diverse compound structure data set by specific metabolic enzymes. Our goal is to measure CLint for a large set of compounds with each major human cytochrome P450 (P450) isozyme. To achieve our goal, it is of utmost importance to develop an automated, robust, sensitive, high-throughput metabolic stability assay that can efficiently handle a large volume of compound sets. The substrate depletion method [in vitro half-life (t1/2) method] was chosen to determine CLint The assay (384-well format) consisted of three parts: 1) a robotic system for incubation and sample cleanup; 2) two different integrated, ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) platforms to determine the percent remaining of parent compound, and 3) an automated data analysis system. The CYP3A4 assay was evaluated using two long t1/2 compounds, carbamazepine and antipyrine (t1/2 > 30 minutes); one moderate t1/2 compound, ketoconazole (10 < t1/2 < 30 minutes); and two short t1/2 compounds, loperamide and buspirone (t½ < 10 minutes). Interday and intraday precision and accuracy of the assay were within acceptable range (∼12%) for the linear range observed. Using this assay, CYP3A4 CLint and t1/2 values for more than 3000 compounds were measured. This high-throughput, automated, and robust assay allows for rapid metabolic stability screening of large compound sets and enables advanced computational modeling for individual human P450 isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Shah
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Edward Kerns
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Dac-Trung Nguyen
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - R Scott Obach
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Amy Q Wang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Alexey Zakharov
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - John McKew
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Anton Simeonov
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Cornelis E C A Hop
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
| | - Xin Xu
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville Maryland (P.S, E.K, D-T.N, A Q.W, A.Z, J.M, A.S, X.X.); Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer. Groton, Connecticut (R.S.O.); and Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California (C.E.C.A.H)
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Zagórska A, Bucki A, Kołaczkowski M, Siwek A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Starowicz G, Kazek G, Partyka A, Wesołowska A, Słoczyńska K, Pękala E, Pawłowski M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-fluoro and 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl-piperazinylalkyl derivatives of 1H-imidazo[2,1-f]purine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione as potential antidepressant agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:10-24. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1198902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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