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Rebellón-Sánchez DE, Guzmán TM, Rodriguez S, Llanos-Torres J, Vinueza D, Tafurt E, Beltrán E, Martínez Á, Rosso F. Navigating the waves in Colombia: a cohort study of inpatient care during four COVID-19 waves. Braz J Infect Dis 2024; 28:103737. [PMID: 38484781 PMCID: PMC10955096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2024.103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the intricate dynamics between different waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding variations in clinical outcomes is essential for informed public health decision-making. Comprehensive insights into these fluctuations can guide resource allocation, healthcare policies, and the development of effective interventions. This study aimed to compare the characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 at peak transmission points by including all patients attended during the first four pandemic waves in a referral center in Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a prospective observational study of 2733 patients, clinical and demographic data were extracted from the Fundacion Valle de Lili's COVID-19 Registry, focusing on ICU admission, Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV), length of hospital stay, and mortality. RESULTS Our analysis unveiled substantial shifts in patient care patterns. Notably, the proportion of patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy and experiencing secondary infections exhibited a pronounced decrease across waves (p < 0.001). Remarkably, there was a significant reduction in ICU admissions (62.83% vs. 51.23% vs. 58.23% vs. 46.70 %, p < 0.001), Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV) usage (39.25% vs. 32.22% vs. 31.22% vs. 21.55 %, p < 0.001), and Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) (9 vs. 8 vs. 8 vs. 8 days, p < 0.001) over the successive waves. Surprisingly, hospital mortality remained stable at approximately 18‒20 % (p > 0.05). Notably, vaccination coverage with one or more doses surged from 0 % during the initial waves to 66.71 % in the fourth wave. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the critical importance of adapting healthcare strategies to the evolving dynamics of the pandemic. The reduction in ICU admissions, IMV utilization, and LOS, coupled with the rise in vaccination rates, underscores the adaptability of healthcare systems. Hospital mortality's persistence may warrant further exploration of treatment strategies. These insights can inform public health responses, helping policymakers allocate resources effectively and tailor interventions to specific phases of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tania M Guzmán
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia
| | - Sarita Rodriguez
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia
| | - Julio Llanos-Torres
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia
| | - Daniela Vinueza
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia
| | - Eric Tafurt
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia; Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia
| | - Estefanía Beltrán
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia
| | - Álvaro Martínez
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia; Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia; Fundación Valle del Lili, Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fernando Rosso
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cali, Colombia; Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia; Fundación Valle del Lili, Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cali, Colombia
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Latif M, Hashmi JA, Alayoubi AM, Ayub A, Basit S. Identification of Novel and Recurrent Variants in BTD, GBE1, AGL and ASL Genes in Families with Metabolic Disorders in Saudi Arabia. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1193. [PMID: 38592052 PMCID: PMC10932034 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are a group of genetic disorders characterized by defects in enzymes or transport proteins involved in metabolic processes. These defects result in an abnormal accumulation of metabolites and thus interfere with the body's metabolism. A variety of IMDs exist and differential diagnosis is often challenging. Our objective was to gain insight into the genetic basis of IMDs and the correlations between specific genetic mutations and clinical presentations in patients admitted at various hospitals in the Madinah region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) has emerged as a powerful tool for diagnosing IMDs and allows for the identification of disease-causing genetic mutations in individuals suspected of IMDs. This ensures accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. WES was performed in four families with multiple individuals showing clinical presentation of IMDs. Validation of the variants identified through WES was conducted using Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, various computational analyses were employed to uncover the disease gene co-expression and metabolic pathways. Results: Exome variant data analysis revealed missense variants in the BTD (c.1270G > C), ASL (c.1300G > T), GBE1 (c.985T > G) and AGL (c.113C > G) genes. Mutations in these genes are known to cause IMDs. Conclusions: Thus, our data showed that exome sequencing, in conjunction with clinical and biochemical characteristics and pathological hallmarks, could deliver an accurate and high-throughput outcome for the diagnosis and sub-typing of IMDs. Overall, our findings emphasize that the integration of WES with clinical and pathological information has the potential to improve the diagnosis and understanding of IMDs and related disorders, ultimately benefiting patients and the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Latif
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia; (J.A.H.); (A.M.A.)
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamil Amjad Hashmi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia; (J.A.H.); (A.M.A.)
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulfatah M. Alayoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia; (J.A.H.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Arusha Ayub
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, P. O. Box-0171, Georgia;
| | - Sulman Basit
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia; (J.A.H.); (A.M.A.)
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Kaim A, Siman-Tov M, Lev-Ari S, Adini B. Perceived functional resilience in schools according to key stakeholders. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1044. [PMID: 38200034 PMCID: PMC10781759 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amid the COVID-19 outbreak, Israel and numerous other governments closed schools as a precaution, leading to a sudden shift to online learning. The aim of the current study is to provide foundational insight into the perceived readiness of the school system to withstand future adversities, based on the challenges, complexities, as well as successes in adaptation faced by stakeholders during COVID-19. In this cross-sectional study, we assess the perceived levels of functional resilience of the school system among the key stakeholders of the Israeli education system-high school students, parents, teachers, and principals, as well as a composite functional resilience scale. The composite functional resilience consists of 10 main indexes: communication during distance learning (DL) and frontal learning (FL); Perceived stress scale-4 (PSS); psychosocial aspects during distance learning (DL) and frontal learning (FL); digital literacy; pedagogic support; resources; infrastructure; and distance versus frontal learning. The study findings demonstrate differences according to the stakeholders with regard to the perceived functional resilience and the composite functional resilience scores (e.g., students with respect to both of these scores exhibit the lowest results, while teachers display the highest scores). Furthermore, no one variable was significant across the board for all stakeholders in predicting the perceived functional resilience, with the most common predictors among the stakeholders being digital literacy, pedagogic support, PSS, as well as communication during distance and frontal learning. The findings of this study reveal areas for recommended priority actions to be conducted among school system stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Kaim
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sheba Medical Center, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, 5266202, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
- ResWell Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Maya Siman-Tov
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- ResWell Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel
- ResWell Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Latouche M, Ouafi M, Engelmann I, Becquart A, Alidjinou EK, Mitha A, Dubos F. Frequency and burden of disease for SARS-CoV-2 and other viral respiratory tract infections in children under the age of 2 months. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:101-110. [PMID: 37795812 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency and burden of disease of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses in children under the age of 2 months. METHODS A retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted between March 2021 and February 2022. All children under the age of 2 months and tested for SARS-CoV-2 were included. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2, of other respiratory viruses and the burden of disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses were evaluated. RESULTS Seven hundred and twenty-seven children with an RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 were included (mean age: 0.9 months (±0.6); boys: 57%); 514 (71%) in the emergency room and 213 (29%) in hospital. Among them, 62 (8.5%) had a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2, more often in the Omicron period (23%) than in the Alpha period (4%). Of the 565 (78%) with a multiplex RT-PCR test for other viruses, 325 (58%) were positive. Children with a positive SARS-CoV-2 were less likely to have required respiratory support (p = 0.001), enteral nutrition (p = 0.03), or intensive care admission (p = 0.01) and had a shorter hospital stay than children with other respiratory viruses (5 days vs. 7 days, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION In this young population of children, SARS-CoV-2 infection was less frequent and less severe than other viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Latouche
- Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mahdi Ouafi
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ilka Engelmann
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Adrien Becquart
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Ayoub Mitha
- CHU Lille, Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Transport Unit, Department of Emergency Medicine, SAMU 59, Lille, France
- Université de Paris, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center/CRESS, INSERM (U1153 - Obstetrical, perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé)), INRA, Hôpital Tenon, Bâtiment Recherche, Paris, France
| | - François Dubos
- Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, Univ. Lille, ULR2694 METRICS, Lille, France
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Kaim A, Siman-Tov M, Adini B, Lev-ari S. An innovative tool to assess the functional resilience of a school system: learning from the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1291621. [PMID: 38078272 PMCID: PMC10706003 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1291621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preparing the school system for a future crisis requires the ability to examine the effectiveness of schools' functioning during distant learning and their level of preparedness for future crises. Functional resilience (FR) is defined as the ability to maintain vital operational continuity in the face of disturbance. The study objectives included to develop a FR index of schools and to evaluate and validate it. METHODS To enable examination of the study objectives, the study design included tool development, followed by a validation process among 20 content experts. Concurrently, an eDelphi process for building an inclusive index, based on various components of resilience was conducted. The final study tool consists of four tailored questionnaires to examine perceptions of key stakeholders, i.e.- teachers, principals, parents, and highschool students regarding communication, psychosocial aspects, perceived stress, infrastructure, resources, pedagogic support, digital literacy, and perceived FR. Using an internet panel, the tool was disseminated cross-sectionally among the four groups of stakeholders. RESULTS The results showed high reliability of most of the scales developed. Furthermore, a high consensus level was reached on the relative importance of each component/ stakeholder to the schools FR. The findings further suggest that there were no significant differences in the composite FR score based on characteristics such as school type/ size/geographic location. However, the findings revealed interesting variations among stakeholders, with findings suggesting greater vulnerability among some. DISCUSSION To increase resilience and preparedness for future adversities that school systems may face, it is recommended to periodically incorporate an assessment based on a structured tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Kaim
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Siman-Tov
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-ari
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Çağış ZG, Öztekin GG, Aziz IA, Chirico F, Rizzo A, Yıldırım M. Meaning in Life and Loneliness as Mediators between COVID-19 Anxiety and Life Satisfaction in the Post-Pandemic among the General Population in Turkey: A Serial Mediation Model. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2214-2225. [PMID: 37887157 PMCID: PMC10606174 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted global society, leading to negative well-being and mental health outcomes. However, little is known about how COVID-19-related anxiety affects life satisfaction through psychological factors. This study examined the mediating roles of meaning in life and loneliness in the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and life satisfaction in 333 Turkish general population (59.2% females; Mage = 33.9 ± 7.8). Participants completed measures of COVID-19 anxiety, life satisfaction, meaning in life, and loneliness. The results showed that COVID-19 anxiety predicted meaning in life, loneliness, and life satisfaction. Meaning in life predicted loneliness and life satisfaction, while loneliness predicted life satisfaction. Serial mediation analysis revealed that COVID-19 anxiety predicts life satisfaction through meaning in life and loneliness, even after controlling for age and gender. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms between COVID-19 anxiety and life satisfaction, with implications for future research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Güney Çağış
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Mersin University, 33110 Mersin, Turkey;
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Fırat Mahallesi Yeni Üniversite Caddesi No: 2 AE/1, 04100 Merkez/Ağrı, Turkey;
| | - Gülçin Güler Öztekin
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Fırat Mahallesi Yeni Üniversite Caddesi No: 2 AE/1, 04100 Merkez/Ağrı, Turkey;
| | - Izaddin Ahmad Aziz
- Special Education Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44002, Iraq;
- English Department, College of Education, Bayan University, Erbil 44002, Iraq
| | - Francesco Chirico
- Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Health Service Department, Italian State Police, Ministry of the Interior, 00184 Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Rizzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Murat Yıldırım
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Fırat Mahallesi Yeni Üniversite Caddesi No: 2 AE/1, 04100 Merkez/Ağrı, Turkey;
- Graduate Studies and Research, Lebanese American University, Beirut 13-5053, Lebanon
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Namnabati M, Sotoudeh R, Bahrami N. Family Attitude Toward Infant Home-Based Care Program Amid COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2023; 35:155-162. [PMID: 38602947 PMCID: PMC10014447 DOI: 10.1177/10848223231157045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Infant's health care management at home was an important challenge for the families. Therefore, the policymakers provided a program as an extension to the care plan to implement at home and examine families' attitudes toward the program. Examination of the parents' attitude was a coincidence with COVID-19 pandemic in this study, a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 385 parents with infants less than 2 months old in the health centers of Isfahan-Iran. The samples were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data gathering was done through a researcher-made Likert questionnaire, which had 30 items and 3 domains including individual-cultural, educational-supportive, and environmental domains. The data were analyzed through the descriptive and analytical statistic. The results of the study revealed a mean score of 104.12 ± 11.69 on family attitude and their positive view toward the infant home-based care program. Also, the highest score was related to the individual-cultural domain 36.95 ± 4.44, educational-supportive 34.88 ± 5.04 and environmental domains 32.29 ± 3.98, respectively. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the mean score of the family attitude and age, the number of children, education, and place of care (P < .05). Based on the results of the study, the attitude of family toward infant home-based care is positive, and the challenges of parents in caring their infants at home can be reduced as the program is implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Namnabati
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Sotoudeh
- Isfahan Medical Emergency and Accident Management Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Foxley-Marrable M, D’Cruz L, Meredith P, Glaysher S, Beckett AH, Goudarzi S, Fearn C, Cook KF, Loveson KF, Dent H, Paul H, Elliott S, Wyllie S, Lloyd A, Bicknell K, Lumley S, McNicholas J, Prytherch D, Lundgren A, Graur O, Chauhan AJ, Robson SC. Combining viral genomics and clinical data to assess risk factors for severe COVID-19 (mortality, ICU admission, or intubation) amongst hospital patients in a large acute UK NHS hospital Trust. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283447. [PMID: 36952555 PMCID: PMC10035897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, valuable datasets have been collected on the effects of the virus SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we combined whole genome sequencing data with clinical data (including clinical outcomes, demographics, comorbidity, treatment information) for 929 patient cases seen at a large UK hospital Trust between March 2020 and May 2021. We identified associations between acute physiological status and three measures of disease severity; admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), requirement for intubation, and mortality. Whilst the maximum National Early Warning Score (NEWS2) was moderately associated with severe COVID-19 (A = 0.48), the admission NEWS2 was only weakly associated (A = 0.17), suggesting it is ineffective as an early predictor of severity. Patient outcome was weakly associated with myriad factors linked to acute physiological status and human genetics, including age, sex and pre-existing conditions. Overall, we found no significant links between viral genomics and severe outcomes, but saw evidence that variant subtype may impact relative risk for certain sub-populations. Specific mutations of SARS-CoV-2 appear to have little impact on overall severity risk in these data, suggesting that emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants do not result in more severe patient outcomes. However, our results show that determining a causal relationship between mutations and severe COVID-19 in the viral genome is challenging. Whilst improved understanding of the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been achieved through genomics, few studies on how these evolutionary changes impact on clinical outcomes have been seen due to complexities associated with data linkage. By combining viral genomics with patient records in a large acute UK hospital, this study represents a significant resource for understanding risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity. However, further understanding will likely arise from studies of the role of host genetics on disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Foxley-Marrable
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Leon D’Cruz
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Meredith
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Glaysher
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Angela H. Beckett
- School of Biological Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
- Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Salman Goudarzi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Fearn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Kate F. Cook
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Katie F. Loveson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Dent
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Elliott
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wyllie
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Allyson Lloyd
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Bicknell
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Lumley
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - James McNicholas
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - David Prytherch
- Centre for Healthcare Modelling and Informatics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew Lundgren
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Or Graur
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Anoop J. Chauhan
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel C. Robson
- School of Biological Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
- Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom
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Kaim A, Lev-Ari S, Adini B. Distress following the COVID-19 Pandemic among Schools' Stakeholders: Psychosocial Aspects and Communication. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4837. [PMID: 36981747 PMCID: PMC10049332 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments ordered school closures as a containment measure, with Israel being among over 100 countries to do so. This resulted in the abrupt shift to online and remote education for many students. Despite attempts to minimize the effects of disrupted education and create a dynamic virtual learning environment, the literature highlights various challenges including lack of communication with implications of distress faced by key stakeholders (students and their parents, teachers, and principals). In this cross-sectional study, we assess the perceived levels of communication and psychosocial aspects during both distance and frontal learning, as well as the long-term impacts (following over two and a half years of an ongoing pandemic) on distress among the key stakeholders of the Israeli education system- high school students, parents, teachers, and principals. The study findings demonstrate severe implications of distance learning on communication and psychosocial aspects, with lingering long-term impacts on distress, among all stakeholders (particularly among students). This reveals the need for tailored capacity building and resilience intervention programs to be integrated in the long-term response to the current ongoing pandemic to improve well-being and reduce distress among the various stakeholders, with particular attention to those that are most vulnerable and were hit the hardest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Kaim
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
- Israel National Center for Trauma & Emergency Medicine Research, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 5266202, Israel
- ResWell Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- ResWell Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
- ResWell Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
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Cena L, Trainini A, Zecca S, Bonetti Zappa S, Cunegatti F, Buizza C. Loneliness, affective disorders, suicidal ideation, and the use of psychoactive substances in a sample of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2023. [PMID: 36883299 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM The global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has been challenging for adolescents. Indeed, with the closure of schools and social centers and reduction of extracurricular activities, increased social isolation has compounded difficulties in and with school performance, loneliness, and social networking. Increased risk of mental health problems, substance abuse, affective disorders, suicidal ideation, and suicide has been reported in adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study assesses the association between loneliness, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, the use of social networks, and school achievement in a sample of Italian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also explores emotional dysregulation through the association between affective disorders (depression and anxiety), substance use, and social networks. The sample comprises adolescents in the first and second grades of high school during the pandemic; participants received an email explaining the purpose of the e-research. Data were collected using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, and the Loneliness Scale. FINDINGS A total of 505 adolescents completed the web survey. Data revealed that students experienced difficulties with loneliness, problems with school achievement, and extracurricular activities. The mean scores for depression and anxiety were close to the borderline range. A total of 14.3% of adolescents intentionally harmed themselves or attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS This study raises concerns about the impacts of the pandemic on adolescents that require the attention of adult reference figures who deal with adolescents, such as parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals. Results indicate the necessity of providing early interventions aimed at the prevention of psychopathologies and the promotion of adolescent mental health due to the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Cena
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alice Trainini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Zecca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sofia Bonetti Zappa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Cunegatti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Buizza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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11
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Stein-Zamir C, Sinai-Zaken O, Zvulun E, Najajra G, Pinto R, Koren S, Shoob H, Abramson N. SARS-CoV-2 infection characteristics among students and staff in a large high school COVID-19 outbreak and secondary transmission in households. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2023; 2:36-43. [PMID: 38013775 PMCID: PMC9977694 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 clinical presentation is associated with the patients' age group. Overall, young individuals present higher proportions of asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection, compared to adults. Data on secondary COVID-19 transmission in households, according to the cases' age group, are accumulating. Methods We performed a follow-up cohort study including all COVID-19 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed cases (adolescent students and school staff) diagnosed in an epidemiological investigation of a large high school outbreak. We compared the adolescent and adult groups regarding clinical symptoms, time to negative COVID-19 RT-PCR tests, and infection transmission in households. Results The study population included 817 persons. The confirmed COVID-19 RT-PCR outbreak cases (n = 178) were followed (students aged 12-19 years, median age 14 years, n = 153, school staff aged 24-67 years, median age 39 years, n = 25) and the cases' household close contacts (n = 639) were tested. The adolescents had lower symptomatic infection rates, shorter time to negative COVID-19 RT-PCR tests, and lower transmission rates to household members, compared to the adults. The general transmission rate among household contacts was 13.5%, (86/639) ranging from 8.6% in asymptomatic students' contacts to 27.3% in symptomatic staff contacts. COVID-19 transmission rates were significantly higher in contacts of symptomatic cases compared to asymptomatic cases (odds ratio: 2.06, 95% CI 1.26-3.4) and higher in adults compared to adolescents (odds ratio: 2.69, 95% CI 1.43-4.89). Conclusions Adolescents and adults diagnosed in an outbreak investigation differ as to COVID-19 clinical presentation and transmission. As adolescents may show mild or no symptoms, COVID-19 prevention in school settings is challenging. Implementing nonpharmaceutical measures and promoting vaccination programs in eligible staff and students should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Stein-Zamir
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ora Sinai-Zaken
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eti Zvulun
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ghada Najajra
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Pinto
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shahar Koren
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanna Shoob
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nitza Abramson
- Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gulati N, Nanda C, Hora RK. COVID-19 and its impact on mental health as a function of gender, age, and income. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 3:4. [PMID: 36714273 PMCID: PMC9870201 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-022-00025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of people from different socioeconomic classes. This has been done by creating an anxiety score, based on responses to a set of questions that were asked as part of a two-round telephonic survey done by Young Lives Data for India. Using this index, anxiety levels have been classified as high, medium, and low. As the dependent variable has an ordered nature, an ordered logit model has been used for regression. According to the results, job loss, death of the family's earning member or mishap in the family, and price increases all contributed to increased anxiety. The analysis indicates that anxiety levels among women were higher than among men because of the increased burden of household chores and childcare responsibilities. Also, anxiety levels were higher among those who perceived themselves as rich or poor as opposed to those who were comfortable in their income group. There was a higher anxiety level among the rich due to income loss and increased household responsibilities. A high percentage of children and elders reported feeling anxious; school closures and a lack of social interaction caused stress. Isolation also plagued the elderly. Furthermore, many students couldn't avail online learning opportunities due to a lack of resources. The government implemented many policies to mitigate these issues, which included those to mitigate the immediate hunger problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Gulati
- Faculty of Economics, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Satya Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi Delhi, 110021 India
| | - Chandni Nanda
- Digital Assets & Outreach Team at Zigram Data Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Delhi, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur Hora
- Faculty of Economics, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Satya Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi Delhi, 110021 India
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Rotevatn TA, Nygård K, Espenhain L, Legarth R, Møller KL, Sarvikivi E, Helve O, Aspelund G, Ersson A, Nordahl M, Greve-Isdahl M, Astrup E, Johansen TB. When schools were open for in-person teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic - the nordic experience on control measures and transmission in schools during the delta wave. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:62. [PMID: 36624496 PMCID: PMC9828373 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive measures to control spread of SARS-CoV-2 have led to limited access to education for millions of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education and access to schools is vital for children and adolescents' learning, health, and wellbeing. Based on high vaccine uptake and low incidence levels, the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) decided to start the academic year 2021/22 with schools open for in-person teaching and moderate mitigation measures. We describe trends in SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccination coverage among students during the first 12 weeks of the fall semester. METHODS In this multinational, retrospective, observational study, we have used surveillance and registry data from each of the Nordic countries to describe vaccine uptake (≥12 years), infection incidence (whole population) and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among students. The study period, week 30 to 41 (Jul 26th - Oct 17th), represents the autumn semester from immediately before school started until fall break. In addition, we collected information on mitigation measures applied by the respective countries. RESULTS There were slight variations between the countries regarding existing infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, testing strategies and vaccination start-up among adolescents. All countries had high vaccine uptake in the adult population, while uptake varied more in the younger age groups. Incidence in the school-aged population differed between countries and seemed to be influenced by both vaccine uptake and test activity. Infection clusters among school-aged children were described for Denmark and Norway, and the number of clusters per week reflected the incidence trend of the country. Most events consisted of only 1-2 cases. Larger clusters appeared more frequently in the higher grades in Norway and in lower grades in Denmark. CONCLUSION Data from the Nordic countries indicate that vaccination of adults and adolescents, in addition to mitigation measures, enabled full in-person learning. As SARS-CoV-2 infection does not represent a severe medical risk for most children as previously thought, measures targeting this group should be carefully adjusted and kept at a minimum. Our data add to the evidence on incidence and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among students in schools open for in-person teaching, and may be valuable for decision makers worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Nygård
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Espenhain
- grid.6203.70000 0004 0417 4147Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Legarth
- grid.6203.70000 0004 0417 4147Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Emmi Sarvikivi
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Otto Helve
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guðrún Aspelund
- grid.494099.90000 0004 0643 5363The Directorate of Health, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Annika Ersson
- grid.419734.c0000 0000 9580 3113The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Nordahl
- grid.419734.c0000 0000 9580 3113The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Elisabeth Astrup
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Iio Y, Mori Y, Aoyama Y, Kozai H, Tanaka M, Aoike M, Kawamura H, Seguchi M, Tsurudome M, Ito M. A Survey of Living Conditions and Psychological Distress in Japanese University Freshmen during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010094. [PMID: 36611555 PMCID: PMC9819178 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, educational institutions have implemented measures such as school closures, raising concerns regarding the increase in psychological distress among university students. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that have influenced psychological distress among college freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire survey was conducted at the conclusion of the sixth wave of COVID-19 in Japan. Psychological distress was measured using the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Factors affecting psychological distress were calculated using regression analysis. Of the 2536 participants, 1841 (72.6%) reported having no psychological distress, while 695 (27.4%) reported having psychological distress. Factors that were identified to contribute to psychological distress were lack of sleep, weight gain or loss, worsening of interpersonal relationships, and physical symptoms and illnesses. A willingness to join an athletic club and having an environment in which it is easy to discuss worries and anxieties with others were factors that were identified to hinder psychological distress. It is necessary for universities to offer enhanced supports for physical and interpersonal activities. Additionally, it is imperative to encourage students to look after their physical health and to actively utilize university-based consultation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Iio
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Lifelong Sports and Health Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Mori
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Center for Nursing Practicum Support, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yuka Aoyama
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Clinical Engineering, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hana Kozai
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Aoike
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hatsumi Kawamura
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Manato Seguchi
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Tsurudome
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Morihiro Ito
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Lifelong Sports and Health Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
- Correspondence:
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15
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Hirama C, Zeng Z, Nawa N, Fujiwara T. Association between Cooperative Attitude and High-Risk Behaviors on the Spread of COVID-19 Infection among Medical Students in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16578. [PMID: 36554457 PMCID: PMC9779192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of high-risk behaviors on the spread of COVID-19 infection among young people is an important problem to address. This study analyzed the association between cooperativeness and high-risk behaviors. We conducted a cross-sectional study among fourth-year medical students at Tokyo Medical and Dental University. The students were asked about cooperative attitude in a hypothetical situation of performing a task together with an unfamiliar classmate, who did not cooperate to complete the task previously. The response items were as follows: "cooperate", "don't want to cooperate and do it alone (non-cooperative)", and "don't want to cooperate and let the partner do it alone (punishment)". Eating out and vaccine hesitancy were also treated as high-risk behaviors. Poisson regression was used to investigate the association between cooperative attitude and each high-risk behavior, adjusted for demographics. Of the 98 students, 23 (23.5%), 44 (44.9%), and 31 (31.6%) students chose "noncooperative", "cooperative", and "punishment", respectively. Cooperative-type students exhibited 2.77-fold (PR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.03-7.46), and punishment-type students exhibited 3.16-fold greater risk of eating or drinking out (PR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.14-8.75) compared with those of the noncooperative type. Among medical students, the "cooperative" type and "punishment" type comprised the high-risk group for eating out during the pandemic.
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16
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Xu H, Wang Z, Peng L, Mi Y, Zeng P, Liu X. The study of psychological traits among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 campus lockdown. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1051770. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1051770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression symptoms and associated risk factors among a large-scale sample of college students in China during the COVID-19 campus lockdown. The survey was conducted among undergraduate students at a university in eastern part of China in April 2022. The Chi-square test was used to compare the different variable groups and multivariable analysis was performed for the risk factors associated with interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and depression symptoms. A total of 12,922 college students were included, with an average age of (20.96 ± 1.66) years. The prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression symptoms in this study was 58.1, 22.7, and 46.8%, respectively. Male (OR = 1.16, p < 0.001), 22–23 years (OR = 1.40, p < 0.001), freshman (OR = 1.35, p = 0.002), and non-only child (OR = 1.15, p < 0.001) were positively associated with interpersonal sensitivity. Male (OR = 1.20, p < 0.001), sophomores (OR = 1.27, p = 0.020) and seniors (OR = 1.20, p = 0.027) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms. Compared with female students, male students (OR = 0.89, p < 0.001) were less likely to have depression symptoms. 22–23 years (OR = 1.37, p < 0.001), sophomores (OR = 1.26, p = 0.009) and non-only child (OR = 1.11, p = 0.009) were positively associated with depression symptoms. In addition, college students aged 18–21 years, learning status, skipping breakfast, roommate relationship and sleep quality were associated with interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression symptoms (all p < 0.05). The findings of this study suggest a high prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 campus lockdown. Younger ages, low grades, poor dormitory relationship, negative learning status, skipping breakfast and poor sleep quality were the risk factors for college students’ mental health, which should be concerned by the relevant departments of school during the campus lockdown.
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Ganem F, Bordas A, Folch C, Alonso L, Montoro-Fernandez M, Colom-Cadena A, Mas A, Mendioroz J, Asso L, Anton A, Pumarola T, González MV, Blanco I, Soler-Palacín P, Soriano-Arandes A, Casabona J. The COVID-19 Sentinel Schools Network of Catalonia (CSSNC) project: Associated factors to prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in educational settings during the 2020-2021 academic year. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277764. [PMID: 36395191 PMCID: PMC9671345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sentinel Schools project was designed to monitor and evaluate the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Catalonia, gathering evidence for health and education policies to inform the development of health protocols and public health interventions to control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and to identify their determinants among students and staff during February to June in the academic year 2020-2021. We performed two complementary studies, a cross-sectional and a longitudinal component, using a questionnaire to collect nominal data and testing for SARS-CoV-2 detection. We describe the results and perform a univariate and multivariate analysis. The initial crude seroprevalence was 14.8% (95% CI: 13.1-16.5) and 22% (95% CI: 18.3-25.8) for students and staff respectively, and the active infection prevalence was 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3-1) and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.1-2). The overall incidence for persons at risk was 2.73 per 100 person-month and 2.89 and 2.34 per 100 person-month for students and staff, respectively. Socioeconomic, self-reported knowledge, risk perceptions and contact pattern variables were positively associated with the outcome while sanitary measure compliance was negatively associated, the same significance trend was observed in multivariate analysis. In the longitudinal component, epidemiological close contact with SARS-CoV-2 infection was a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection while the highest socioeconomic status level was protective as was compliance with sanitary measures. The small number of active cases detected in these schools suggests a low transmission among children in school and the efficacy of public health measures implemented, at least in the epidemiological scenario of the study period. The major contribution of this study was to provide results and evidence that help analyze the transmission dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 and evaluate the associations between sanitary protocols implemented, and measures to avoid SARS-CoV-2 spread in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Ganem
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Pediatria, d’Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i de Salut Publica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Anna Bordas
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Lucia Alonso
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Marcos Montoro-Fernandez
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
| | - Andreu Colom-Cadena
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Mas
- Direcció Assistencial d’Atenció Primària i Comunitària, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jacobo Mendioroz
- Subdirecció general de Vigilància i Resposta a Emergències de l’Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Departament de Salut, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laia Asso
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ASPCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andres Anton
- Microbiology Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tomàs Pumarola
- Microbiology Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria González
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clínic Metropolitana Nord, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català de la Salut, Institut D’Investigació en Ciències de La Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clínic Metropolitana Nord, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català de la Salut, Institut D’Investigació en Ciències de La Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pere Soler-Palacín
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Soriano-Arandes
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Pediatria, d’Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i de Salut Publica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Kamble S, Joshi A, Kamble R, Kumari S. Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Status: An Elaborate Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29820. [PMCID: PMC9622468 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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19
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Choi SY, Choi S, Kang B, Choe BH, Lee YJ, Park JH, Kim YB, Kim JY, Lee K, Lee KJ, Kang KS, Lee YM, Kim HJ, Kang Y, Jang HJ, Yi DY, Hong SJ, Choi YJ, Hong J, Kim SC. Epidemiological Trends of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korea: A Multicenter Study of the Last 3 Years Including the COVID-19 Era. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e279. [PMID: 36163477 PMCID: PMC9512678 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on how the coronavirus pandemic has affected pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) are lacking. We aimed to investigate the trends in epidemiology, characteristics, initial management, and short-term outcomes of PIBD in South Korea over the recent three years including the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS This multicenter study retrospectively investigated temporal trends in the epidemiology of PIBD in Korea. Annual occurrences, disease phenotypes, and initial management at diagnosis were analyzed from January 2018 to June 2021. RESULTS A total of 486 patients from 17 institutions were included in this epidemiological evaluation. Analysis of the occurrence trend confirmed a significant increase in PIBD, regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Crohn's disease, patients with post-coronavirus outbreaks had significantly higher fecal calprotectin levels than those with previous onset (1,339.4 ± 717.04 vs. 1,595.5 ± 703.94, P = 0.001). Patients with post-coronavirus-onset ulcerative colitis had significantly higher Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index scores than those with previous outbreaks (48 ± 17 vs. 36 ± 15, P = 0.004). In the initial treatment of Crohn's disease, the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and steroids significantly decreased (P = 0.006 and 0.001, respectively), and enteral nutrition and the use of infliximab increased significantly (P = 0.045 and 0.009, respectively). There was a significant increase in azathioprine use during the initial treatment of ulcerative colitis (P = 0.020). CONCLUSION Regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients with PIBD is increasing significantly annually in Korea. The initial management trends for PIBD have also changed. More research is needed to establish appropriate treatment guidelines considering the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Korean PIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yoon Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sujin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ben Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byung-Ho Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeoun Joo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jae Hong Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yu Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Kunsong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyung Jae Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ki Soo Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Yoo Min Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yunkoo Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dae Yong Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Jin Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - You Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University College of Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jeana Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Soon Chul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
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20
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Rodrigues KF, Yong WTL, Bhuiyan MSA, Siddiquee S, Shah MD, Venmathi Maran BA. Current Understanding on the Genetic Basis of Key Metabolic Disorders: A Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091308. [PMID: 36138787 PMCID: PMC9495729 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Metabolic disorders (MD) are a challenge to healthcare systems; the emergence of the modern socio-economic system has led to a profound change in lifestyles in terms of dietary habits, exercise regimens, and behavior, all of which complement the genetic factors associated with MD. Diabetes Mellitus and Familial hypercholesterolemia are two of the 14 most widely researched MD, as they pose the greatest challenge to the public healthcare system and have an impact on productivity and the economy. Research findings have led to the development of new therapeutic molecules for the mitigation of MD as well as the invention of experimental strategies, which target the genes themselves via gene editing and RNA interference. Although these approaches may herald the emergence of a new toolbox to treat MD, the current therapeutic approaches still heavily depend on substrate reduction, dietary restrictions based on genetic factors, exercise, and the maintenance of good mental health. The development of orphan drugs for the less common MD such as Krabbe, Farber, Fabry, and Gaucher diseases, remains in its infancy, owing to the lack of investment in research and development, and this has driven the development of personalized therapeutics based on gene silencing and related technologies. Abstract Advances in data acquisition via high resolution genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic platforms have driven the discovery of the underlying factors associated with metabolic disorders (MD) and led to interventions that target the underlying genetic causes as well as lifestyle changes and dietary regulation. The review focuses on fourteen of the most widely studied inherited MD, which are familial hypercholesterolemia, Gaucher disease, Hunter syndrome, Krabbe disease, Maple syrup urine disease, Metachromatic leukodystrophy, Mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis stroke-like episodes (MELAS), Niemann-Pick disease, Phenylketonuria (PKU), Porphyria, Tay-Sachs disease, Wilson’s disease, Familial hypertriglyceridemia (F-HTG) and Galactosemia based on genome wide association studies, epigenetic factors, transcript regulation, post-translational genetic modifications and biomarker discovery through metabolomic studies. We will delve into the current approaches being undertaken to analyze metadata using bioinformatic approaches and the emerging interventions using genome editing platforms as applied to animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Francis Rodrigues
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.F.R.); (B.A.V.M.); Tel.: +60-16-2096905 (B.A.V.M.)
| | - Wilson Thau Lym Yong
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Dawood Shah
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.F.R.); (B.A.V.M.); Tel.: +60-16-2096905 (B.A.V.M.)
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21
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Gangadaran P, Padinjarathil H, Rajendran SHS, Jogalekar MP, Hong CM, Aruchamy B, Rajendran UM, Gurunagarajan S, Krishnan A, Ramani P, Subramanian K. COVID-19 and diabetes: What do we know so far? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1330-1334. [PMID: 35894117 PMCID: PMC9442454 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221108914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) management has been challenging for patients with comorbidities. Patients with diabetes and COVID-19, in particular, have shown severe symptoms and rapid progression of the disease. They also have a high mortality rate compared to the non-diabetic population. The high mortality rate is caused in people with diabetes who are in a pro-inflammatory condition; this could worsen COVID-19. In addition, people with diabetes have circulatory issues and COVID-19 infection can lead to further clotting problems. It is critical to understand the mechanisms underlying the adverse clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes and COVID-19. This review discusses various disease conditions contributing to poor prognosis in diabetic COVID-19 patients such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic function, and production of advanced glycation end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational
Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical
Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of
Korea,Department of Nuclear Medicine, School
of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital,
Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Himabindu Padinjarathil
- Dhanvanthri Lab, Department of
Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore
641112, India,Center of Excellence in Advanced
Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita
Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Shri Hari Subhashri Rajendran
- Department of Pharmacology, College of
Pharmacy, Mother Theresa Postgraduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences,
Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Manasi P Jogalekar
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158,
USA
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School
of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital,
Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Baladhandapani Aruchamy
- Dhanvanthri Lab, Department of
Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore
641112, India,Center of Excellence in Advanced
Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita
Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | | | - Sridharan Gurunagarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad
Andavan Arts and Science College, Bharathidasan University, Trichy 620005,
India
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Pathology,
School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State,
Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Lab, Department of
Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore
641112, India,Center of Excellence in Advanced
Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita
Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India,Prasanna Ramani.
| | - Kavimani Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, College of
Pharmacy, Mother Theresa Postgraduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences,
Puducherry 605006, India
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22
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ÇEKMEN B. Comparison of demographic and laboratory data of young and elderly patients who deceased due to COVID-19. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1047413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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23
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Lee J, Kwon KH. Why is Generation MZ Passionate About Good Consumption of K-Cosmetics Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic? J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3208-3218. [PMID: 35176199 PMCID: PMC9115150 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is putting millions at risk in more and more countries, making it a serious public health threat worldwide. Under such circumstances, “Untact” and “Streaming Life” are emerging as major trends in the recent service industry, and the beauty lives commerce market is expanding centering on mobile shopping in Republic of Korea. Objectives This study descriptively investigated changes in the needs of beauty and cosmetics industry consumers for good consumption of the MZ generation after COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods This review paper is a literature review, and a narrative review approach has been used for this study. A total of 300 to 400 references were selected using representative journal search websites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, and RISS, of which a total of 39 papers were selected in the final stage based on 2009 to 2021. Results An E‐commerce packaging production and use have grown steadily in recent years as online purchases increase. As a result, the impact on the environment has also increased. Humanity faces climate change, pollution, environmental degradation, and/or destruction of air, soil, water, and ecosystems. The climate and environmental crisis will be one of the greatest challenges in human history. This review paper conducted a comprehensive study on the good consumption of MZ generation for K‐Cosmetics in COVID‐19 pandemic. Conclusion This review clearly identifies the needs of consumers in the beauty and cosmetics industry for good consumption of the MZ generation for K‐beauty in COVID‐19 pandemic. In addition, it is expected to be used as an important marketing material in the global cosmetics market by confirming new changes in the Korean cosmetic market, which is the center of K‐Beauty and K‐Cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyung Lee
- Division of Beauty Arts Care, Department of Practical Arts, Graduate School of Culture and Arts, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, South Korea.,Daily Beauty Unit, Amorepacific Co., Seoul, 04386, South Korea
| | - Ki Han Kwon
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
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24
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Liu JM, Chi J. Is COVID-19-associated cytokine storm distinct from non-COVID-19 secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:330-337. [PMID: 35068219 PMCID: PMC8899343 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211068840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storm is an umbrella term that describes an inflammatory syndrome characterized by elevated levels of circulating cytokines and hyperactivation of innate and/or adaptive immune cells. One type of cytokine storm is hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which can be either primary or secondary. Severe COVID-19-associated pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can also lead to cytokine storm/cytokine release syndrome (CS/CRS) and, more rarely, meet criteria for the diagnosis of secondary HLH. Here, we review the immunobiology of primary and secondary HLH and examine whether COVID-19-associated CS/CRS can be discriminated from non-COVID-19 secondary HLH. Finally, we review differences in immunobiology between these different entities, which may inform both clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson M Liu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME 04102, USA
| | - Jeffrey Chi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Monter Cancer Center, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA
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25
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Zhang H, Wu Y, He Y, Liu X, Liu M, Tang Y, Li X, Yang G, Liang G, Xu S, Wang M, Wang W. Age-Related Risk Factors and Complications of Patients With COVID-19: A Population-Based Retrospective Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:757459. [PMID: 35087843 PMCID: PMC8786909 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.757459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study the differences in clinical characteristics, risk factors, and complications across age-groups among the inpatients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: In this population-based retrospective study, we included all the positive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at Wuhan City from December 29, 2019 to April 15, 2020, during the first pandemic wave. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors for death from COVID-19. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was performed to study the associations between comorbidities and complications. Results: There are 36,358 patients in the final cohort, of whom 2,492 (6.85%) died. Greater age (odds ration [OR] = 1.061 [95% CI 1.057-1.065], p < 0.001), male gender (OR = 1.726 [95% CI 1.582-1.885], p < 0.001), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.558 [95% CI 1.355-1.786], p < 0.001), smoking (OR = 1.326 [95% CI 1.055-1.652], p = 0.014), hypertension (OR = 1.175 [95% CI 1.067-1.293], p = 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.258 [95% CI 1.118-1.413], p < 0.001), cancer (OR = 1.86 [95% CI 1.507-2.279], p < 0.001), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 1.745 [95% CI 1.427-2.12], p < 0.001), and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (OR = 1.96 [95% CI 1.323-2.846], p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for death from COVID-19. Patients aged 40-80 years make up the majority of the whole patients, and them had similar risk factors with the whole patients. For patients aged <40 years, only cancer (OR = 17.112 [95% CI 6.264-39.73], p < 0.001) and ICH (OR = 31.538 [95% CI 5.213-158.787], p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher odds of death. For patients aged >80 years, only age (OR = 1.033 [95% CI 1.008-1.059], p = 0.01) and male gender (OR = 1.585 [95% CI 1.301-1.933], p < 0.001) were associated with higher odds of death. The incidence of most complications increases with age, but arrhythmias, gastrointestinal bleeding, and sepsis were more common in younger deceased patients with COVID-19, with only arrhythmia reaching statistical difference (p = 0.039). We found a relatively poor correlation between preexisting risk factors and complications. Conclusions: Coronavirus disease 2019 are disproportionally affected by age for its clinical manifestations, risk factors, complications, and outcomes. Prior complications have little effect on the incidence of extrapulmonary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing He
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Mingqian Liu
- Winning Health Technology Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Tang
- Winning Health Technology Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Winning Health Technology Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Winning Health Technology Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Liang
- Wuhan Municipal Health Commission, Wuhan, China
| | - Shabei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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26
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Adoni Valmiki EK, Yadlapalli R, Oroszi T. Global Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Health (London) 2022. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2022.147057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Shoib S, Amanda TW, Menon V, Ransing R, Kar SK, Ojeahere MI, Halabi SE, Saleem SM. Is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Applicable During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Indian J Psychol Med 2022; 44:98-100. [PMID: 35509646 PMCID: PMC9022925 DOI: 10.1177/02537176211060435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial hospital, Directorate of health Services, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tan Weiling Amanda
- Department of Nursing Studies, Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vikas Menon
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Ramdas Ransing
- Dept. of Psychiatry, BKL Walalwalkar Rural Medical College, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujita Kumar Kar
- Dept. of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sarah El Halabi
- Department of Psychiatry, Westchester Medical Center, New York, United States
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28
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Hayano C, Shimakawa S, Fukui M, Yoshida S, Tsuda-Kitahara H, Ashida A. Impacts of long-term coronavirus disease 2019 school closures on Japanese school children. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15131. [PMID: 35895494 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic school closures on the mental health of school students with chronic diseases. METHODS Questionnaires were distributed to students from 4th-9th grade diagnosed with chronic diseases at Osaka Medical College Hospital and their parents or caregivers. Questionnaires from 286 families were returned by mail after the schools reopened. The students were divided into the "psychosomatic disorder" group (group P, n = 42), the "developmental disorder" group (group D, n = 89), and the "other disease" group (group O, n = 155). Using students' self-reports on the Questionnaire for Triage and Assessment with 30 items, we assessed the proportion of students with a high risk of psychosomatic disorder in three groups. We investigated how the students requiring the support of somatic symptom (SS) felt about school during school closure. Further, using parents' and caregivers' answers, SS scores were calculated before and during school closure and after school reopening. RESULTS The proportion of students with a high risk of developing psychosomatic disorder increased in all groups. For the students in Group P, the response "I did not want to think about school" indicated an increase in SS scores, and for the students in Group O, "I wanted to get back to school soon" indicated a decrease. Furthermore, especially in Group P students, SS scores decreased transiently during school closure and increased after school reopening. CONCLUSIONS The impact of school closure on mental health differed depending on students' diagnoses and feelings about school during school closures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Hayano
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Shimakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho Fukui
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiji Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Tsuda-Kitahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Ashida
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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29
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Shah MD, Sumeh AS, Sheraz M, Kavitha MS, Venmathi Maran BA, Rodrigues KF. A mini-review on the impact of COVID 19 on vital organs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112158. [PMID: 34507116 PMCID: PMC8416601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019) is an infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, known as the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This is a highly contagious disease that has already affected more than 220 countries globally, infecting more than 212 million people and resulting in the death of over 4.4 million people. This review aims to highlight the pertinent documentary evidence upon the adverse effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on several vital human organs. SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets the lung tissue by causing diffuse alveolar damage and may result in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). SARS-CoV-2 infects the cell via cell surface receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Besides lungs, SARS-CoV-2 critically damage tissues in other vital human organs such as the heart, kidney, liver, brain, and gastrointestinal tract. The effect on the heart includes muscle dysfunction (acute or protracted heart failure), myocarditis, and cell necrosis. Within hepatic tissue, it alters serum aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels. It contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI). Localized infection of the brain can lead to loss or attenuation of olfaction, muscular pain, headaches, encephalopathy, dizziness, dysgeusia, psychomotor disorders, and stroke; while the gastrointestinal symptoms include the disruption of the normal intestinal mucosa, leading to diarrhea and abdominal pain. This review encompassed a topical streak of systemic malfunctions caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. As the pandemic is still in progress, more studies will enrich our understanding and analysis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Dawood Shah
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Aini Simon Sumeh
- Penampang Health Clinic, Kampung Tuavon, 89500 Penampang, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Sheraz
- Arbutus Biopharma Inc, 701 Veterans Circle, Warminster, PA 18974, USA
| | - Muthu Subash Kavitha
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Kenneth Francis Rodrigues
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
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Reliability of Body Temperature Measurements Obtained with Contactless Infrared Point Thermometers Commonly Used during the COVID-19 Pandemic. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113794. [PMID: 34070896 PMCID: PMC8198039 DOI: 10.3390/s21113794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a significant increase in the use of non-contact infrared devices for screening the body temperatures of people at the entrances of hospitals, airports, train stations, churches, schools, shops, sports centres, offices, and public places in general. The strong correlation between a high body temperature and SARS-CoV-2 infection has motivated the governments of several countries to restrict access to public indoor places simply based on a person’s body temperature. Negating/allowing entrance to a public place can have a strong impact on people. For example, a cancer patient could be refused access to a cancer centre because of an incorrect high temperature measurement. On the other hand, underestimating an individual’s body temperature may allow infected patients to enter indoor public places where it is much easier for the virus to spread to other people. Accordingly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the reliability of body temperature measurements has become fundamental. In particular, a debated issue is the reliability of remote temperature measurements, especially when these are aimed at identifying in a quick and reliable way infected subjects. Working distance, body–device angle, and light conditions and many other metrological and subjective issues significantly affect the data acquired via common contactless infrared point thermometers, making the acquisition of reliable measurements at the entrance to public places a challenging task. The main objective of this work is to sensitize the community to the typical incorrect uses of infrared point thermometers, as well as the resulting drifts in measurements of body temperature. Using several commercial contactless infrared point thermometers, we performed four different experiments to simulate common scenarios in a triage emergency room. In the first experiment, we acquired several measurements for each thermometer without measuring the working distance or angle of inclination to show that, for some instruments, the values obtained can differ by 1 °C. In the second and third experiments, we analysed the impacts of the working distance and angle of inclination of the thermometers, respectively, to prove that only a few cm/degrees can cause drifts higher than 1 °C. Finally, in the fourth experiment, we showed that the light in the environment can also cause changes in temperature up to 0.5 °C. Ultimately, in this study, we quantitatively demonstrated that the working distance, angle of inclination, and light conditions can strongly impact temperature measurements, which could invalidate the screening results.
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Jogalekar MP, Veerabathini A, Gangadaran P. SARS-CoV-2 variants: A double-edged sword? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1721-1726. [PMID: 34024159 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211014146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the worldwide emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak, there have been international concerns about the possible viral evolution into variants with underlying mutations that may contribute to their increased transmissibility, disease severity, risk of death, and their potential escape from the immune response or may even lead to its extinction. Rigorous surveillance has revealed the variants harboring mutations in the spike protein, the main target of neutralizing antibodies generated through vaccination or herd immunity. In this review, we have highlighted major SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as other local strains along with their specific mutations, suspected changes in their characteristics, and their impact on the current pandemic and vaccine efficacy. We have also emphasized the need to develop widely protective interventions to curb further transmission of variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Departments of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Departments of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Silvagni D, Baggio L, Lo Tartaro Meragliotta P, Soloni P, La Fauci G, Bovo C, Ielo S, Biban P. Neonatal and Pediatric Emergency Room Visits in a Tertiary Center during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. Pediatr Rep 2021; 13:168-176. [PMID: 33916938 PMCID: PMC8167637 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric13020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting healthcare services worldwide. We investigated the impact of a strict lockdown policy on the characteristics of neonatal and pediatric attendances to our pediatric emergency department (PED). The clinical features of PED visits in March-April 2020 (COVID-19) and March-April 2019 (non-COVID-19) were analyzed. During the COVID-19 lockdown period, visits reduced by 67%, from 3159 to 1039. Neonatal access decreased from 78 to 59, mainly due to fewer pathological conditions, with a complete disappearance of respiratory infections. On the other hand, minor neonatal clinical conditions rose from 44 (56.4%) to 48 (81.4%), mostly due to feeding-related issues. Communicable diseases, particularly respiratory infections and gastroenteritis, dropped from 1552 (49.1%) to 288 (27.7%). Accident-related visits also decreased during COVID-19, from 535 (16.9%) to 309 (29.7%), becoming the most common cause of PED access. Hospital admissions reduced from 266 to 109, while PICU (pediatric intensive care unit) admissions decreased from 27 to 11, with a comparable rate of 10.1% in both periods. The lockdown due to COVID-19 had a substantial impact on our PED visits, which markedly decreased, mainly due to fewer respiratory infections. Unexpectedly, neonatal visits for minor conditions did not decline, but rather slightly increased. Among the children admitted to the PICU, none had respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Silvagni
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
| | - Laura Baggio
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
| | - Patrizia Lo Tartaro Meragliotta
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
| | - Pietro Soloni
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
| | - Giovanna La Fauci
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
| | - Chiara Bovo
- Medical Direction, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Stefania Ielo
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
| | - Paolo Biban
- Paediatric Emergency Room, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Critical Care, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (D.S.); (L.B.); (P.L.T.M.); (P.S.); (G.L.F.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-8122365; Fax: +39-045-8123373
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Yildirim OA, Poyraz K, Erdur E. Depression and anxiety in cancer patients before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: association with treatment delays. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:1903-1912. [PMID: 33635508 PMCID: PMC7907665 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pandemics can be associated with anxiety and depression in cancer patients who are undergoing treatment. In the present study, we aimed to perform a comparative evaluation of the conditions of cancer patients before and during the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to detect the impact of the pandemic on treatment delays that are associated with anxiety and depression in cancer patients. In addition, the effect of public transport use on treatment delays was examined. METHODS BDI and BAI were administered to 595 breast, ovarian, colon and gastric cancer patients before and during the pandemic. The questionnaires were administered by the physician blindly, who was unaware of the delay of the patients. The number of days by which the patients delayed their treatment due to the fear of contamination were recorded retrospectively. Correlation analyses were performed between the obtained scores and treatment delays. RESULTS The depression and anxiety levels in cancer patients were found to increase during the pandemic (p = 0.000), and this increase was positively correlated with the disruption of their treatment (p = 0.000, r = 0.81). Depression and anxiety levels and treatment delays were higher in elderly patients (p = 0.021). Depression and anxiety were more pronounced in female patients (p = 0.000). Moreover, treatment delays were more common in patients who had to use public transportation (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 pandemic may increase anxiety and depression in cancer patients. This can cause patients to experience treatment delays due to concerns about becoming infected. At this point, if necessary, assistance should be obtained from psychiatric and public health experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgen Ahmet Yildirim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, 21070, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
| | - Kerem Poyraz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Erdur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, 21070, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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