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Khaliliyan H, Sharafatvaziri A, Safaeepour Z, Bahramizadeh M. Gait and muscle activity measures after biomechanical device therapy in subjects with ankle instability: A systematic review. Foot (Edinb) 2024; 59:102083. [PMID: 38513375 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2024.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health specialists suggest a conservative approach comprising non-pharmacological interventions as the initial course of action for individuals with repetitive ankle sprain due to ankle instability. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of biomechanical devices (Foot Orthoses, Ankle Orthoses, and Taping) on gait and muscle activity in individuals with ankle instability. METHODS A systematic search was performed on electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Clinical Trials.gov, Web of Science, and Scopus. The PEDro scoring system was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. We extracted data from population, intervention, and outcome measures. RESULTS In the initial search, we found 247 articles. After following the steps of the PRISMA flowchart, only 22 reports met the inclusion criteria of this study. The results show that biomechanical device therapy may increase swing time, stance time, and step. Additionally, studies suggest that these devices can reduce plantar flexion, inversion, and motion variability during gait. Biomechanical devices have the potential to optimize the subtalar valgus moment, push-off, and braking forces exerted during walking, as well as enhance the activity of specific muscles including the peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, tibialis anterior, gluteus medius, lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, and soleus. CONCLUSION Biomechanical devices affect gait (spatiotemporal, kinetic, and kinematic variables) and lower limb muscle activity (root mean square, reaction time, amplitude, reflex, and wave) in subjects with ankle instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Khaliliyan
- Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Sharafatvaziri
- Center for Orthopedic Trans-Disciplinary Applied Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Safaeepour
- Department of Health and Human performance, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Mahmood Bahramizadeh
- Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Herring SA, Kibler WB, Putukian M, Boyajian-O'Neill LA, Chang CJ, Franks RR, Hutchinson M, Indelicato PA, O'Connor FG, Powell A, Roach R, Safran M, Statuta SM, Sutton K. Initial Assessment and Management of Select Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Team Physician Consensus Statement. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:385-401. [PMID: 37847756 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in sport during practice, training, and competition. Injury assessment and management are common responsibilities for the team physician. Initial Assessment and Management of Musculoskeletal Injury-A Team Physician Consensus Statement is title 23 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This statement was developed by the Team Physician Consensus Conference, an annual project-based alliance of six major professional associations. The goal of this document is to help the team physician improve the care and treatment of the athlete by understanding the initial assessment and management of selected musculoskeletal injuries.
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Herring SA, Kibler WB, Putukian M, Boyajian-O'Neill LA, Chang CJ, Franks RR, Hutchinson M, Indelicato PA, O'Connor FG, Powell A, Roach R, Safran M, Statuta SM, Sutton K. Initial Assessment and Management of Select Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Team Physician Consensus Statement. Curr Sports Med Rep 2024; 23:86-104. [PMID: 38437494 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in sport during practice, training, and competition. Injury assessment and management are common responsibilities for the team physician. Initial Assessment and Management of Musculoskeletal Injury-A Team Physician Consensus Statement is title 23 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This statement was developed by the Team Physician Consensus Conference, an annual project-based alliance of six major professional associations. The goal of this document is to help the team physician improve the care and treatment of the athlete by understanding the initial assessment and management of selected musculoskeletal injuries.
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Dolan P, Kenny I, Glynn L, Campbell M, Warrington GD, Cahalan R, Harrison A, Lyons M, Comyns T. Risk factors for acute ankle sprains in field-based, team contact sports: a systematic review of prospective etiological studies. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2023; 51:517-530. [PMID: 35757862 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2093618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to identify prospectively measured ankle sprain risk factors in field-based team contact sports. METHODS Eight databases including SPORTDiscus, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE (EBSCO), Education Source, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Pubmed were searched using specific Boolean terms. A modified-CASP diagnostic test assessed the quality of the included studies. Extensive data extraction included but was not limited to injury definition, protocols for injury diagnosis and recording, and outcomes associated with ankle sprain. RESULTS 4012 records were returned from the online search and 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. Twelve different risk factors including anatomic alignment of the foot and ankle, joint laxity, height, mass, BMI (body mass index), age, ankle strength, hip strength, single leg landing performance (ground reaction force, pelvic internal rotation, and knee varus), and single leg reach were all found to be associated with ankle sprain incidence. Injury definitions and methods of diagnosis and recording varied across the 17 studies. CONCLUSION This review updates the literature on prospective risk factors for ankle sprain in a specific population rather than heterogeneous cohorts previously studied. From more than 20 categories of risk factors investigated for ankle sprain association across 17 studies in field-based team contact sports, 12 variables were found to be associated with increased incidence of ankle sprain. In order to reduce the risk of ankle sprain, BMI, ankle plantar and dorsiflexion strength, hip strength, and single leg landing performance should be factored in to athlete assessment and subsequent program design. More studies utilizing standardized definitions and methods of recording and reporting are needed. Future prospective etiological studies will allow strength and conditioning coaches, physiotherapists, and physicians to apply specific training principles to reduce the risk and occurrence of ankle sprain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Dolan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ian Kenny
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Liam Glynn
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- HRB Primary Care Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Ireland
| | - Mark Campbell
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Lero, The Irish Software Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Giles D Warrington
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Roisin Cahalan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Andrew Harrison
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Mark Lyons
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Thomas Comyns
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Sommer B, Pauli C, McCaskey M, Behrendt F, Schuster-Amft C, Graf ES. Biomechanical comparison of walking with a new, wearable rehabilitation training device to Nordic walking and regular walking in people with chronic low back pain. Assist Technol 2023; 35:477-486. [PMID: 36346831 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2022.2138634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, particularly walking, is commonly used for the treatment of diseases such as low back pain. In this study, the effects of walking wearing the new ToneFit Reha training belt (TFR) were compared to both Nordic walking and regular walking. The TFR is intended to intensify the effects of walking through the integration of two adjustable resistance handles. Ten patients with low back pain performed regular walking, Nordic walking, and walking with the TFR in a movement laboratory. The kinematics of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities were measured, and the activity of the trunk and upper extremity muscles recorded. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA and paired t-test. Kinematics indicated that walking with the TFR introduces instability that was mitigated by a delayed peak trunk rotation (peak at 63.3% gait cycle, vs. 52.8% in walking (p = .001) and 51.0% in NW (p = .007)). Upper extremity kinematics (constrained elbow flexion, high peak shoulder abduction) showed movement patterns that need to be considered when training over a longer period. Increased muscle activity was observed especially for upper extremity muscles, when training with TFR. Overall, walking with the TFR was found to be a suitable therapy for use in a rehabilitation setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Sommer
- School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Carole Pauli
- School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Frank Behrendt
- Research Department, Reha Rheinfelden, Rheinfelden, Switzerland
| | - Corina Schuster-Amft
- Research Department, Reha Rheinfelden, Rheinfelden, Switzerland
- Department of Sports, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute for Rehabilitation and Performance Technology, Department of Engineering and Information Technology, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Burgdorf, Switzerland
| | - Eveline S Graf
- School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
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Ahmad-Shushami AH, A-Hamid MS, Khair MH, Ali MO. Impact of Previous Ankle Injuries on Professional Footballers' Preseason Functional Ankle Assessment. Malays Orthop J 2023; 17:73-79. [PMID: 38107353 PMCID: PMC10722998 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2311.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Football is the most popular sport and is widely played around the globe, with approximately 400 million players in 208 countries. Lower extremity injuries showed the highest incidence, with ankle injuries being the most prevalent after hip and knee injuries. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of the players who reported previous ankle injuries during pre-competition medical assessment (PCMA) during the 2022 seasons of the Malaysian professional club. In addition, the study also investigated the effect of previous injuries on current ankle function. Materials and methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using secondary data from the preseason PCMA data from a professional club that competed in Malaysia. The ankle range of motion, anterior drawer test, and functional ankle assessments including the Biodex athlete single leg stability test and ankle joint muscle strength were performed during the PCMA. Results A total of 45 footballers reported previous history of ankle injuries to the left (n=9), right (n=20), or both ankles (n=16). Footballers with prior ankle injuries exhibited significantly less ankle inversion (p = 0.008) and a larger proportion of positive ADT tests in the injured ankle (x2(1, N=90) =7.76, p=0.005) compared to the non-injured side. there was no significant difference in other ankle range of motion, ankle stability index, or ankle muscular strength between previously injured and uninjured ankles. Conclusions During preseason screening, half of the footballers in this study reported previous history of ankle injury, putting them at risk of having future ankle injuries. Aside from inversion and the anterior drawer test, no significant differences in range of motion, stability index, or muscle strength were discovered. However, as injury causation is multifactorial, preventive measures should be taken to reduce the risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Ahmad-Shushami
- Department of Sports Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M S A-Hamid
- Department of Sports Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M H Khair
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Science, Selangor Football Club, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - M O Ali
- Department of Sports Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Gao X, Xu D, Li F, Baker JS, Li J, Gu Y. Biomechanical Analysis of Latin Dancers' Lower Limb during Normal Walking. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1128. [PMID: 37892858 PMCID: PMC10604096 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Latin dance involves fundamental walking steps, integral to the dance process. While resembling daily walking, Latin dance demands higher balance levels, necessitating body adjustments by dancers. These adaptations affect dancers' gait biomechanics, prompting our study on gait differences between Latin dancers (LDs) and non-dancers (NDs). We enlisted 21 female Latin dancers and 21 subjects based on specific criteria. Participants executed walking tasks, with an independent sample t-test for 1-dimensional statistical parameter mapping (SPM 1d) analyzing stance phase variations between LDs and NDs. Notably, significant differences in ankle and hip external rotation were evident during the 16.43-29.47% (p = 0.015) and 86.35-100% (p = 0.014) stance phase. Moreover, pronounced distinctions in rectus Achilles tendon force (ATF) (12.83-13.10%, p = 0.049; 15.89-80.19%, p < 0.001) and Patellofemoral joint contact force (PTF) (15.85-18.31%, p = 0.039; 21.14-24.71%, p = 0.030) during stance were noted between LDs (Latin dancers) and NDs (Non-dancers). The study revealed dancers' enhanced balance attributed to external ankle rotation for dance stability, coupled with augmented Achilles tendon and patellofemoral joint strength from prolonged practice. Moreover, integrating suitable Latin dance into rehabilitation may benefit those with internal rotation gait issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8201 Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Fengfeng Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6724 Szeged, Hungary
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Bi W, Yang M, Jiang C. Causal effect of body mass index and physical activity on the risk of joint sports injuries: Mendelian randomization analysis in the European population. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:676. [PMID: 37700350 PMCID: PMC10496185 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04172-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies can suggest potential associations between variables but cannot establish a causal effect on their own. This study explored the causal associations between body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), and joint sports injuries. METHODS We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using publicly accessed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets to investigate the causal effects of BMI and PA on joint sports injury risk. The inverse-variance weighted method was believed to be the primary MR analysis. Subsequently, sensitivity, pleiotropy, and heterogeneity analyses were employed to estimate the reliability of the results of the current research. RESULTS Genetically predicted increased BMI was causally related to the higher sports injury risk of the ankle-foot (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09-1.37, p = 4.20E-04), knee (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.21-1.43, p = 1.57E-11), and shoulder (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.08-1.40, p = 1.28E-03). Further, the mentioned effects were validated using another set of GWAS data on BMI. Similar causal linkages were exhibited between increased BMI and the growing risk of sports injuries of the ankle-foot (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.13-1.60, p = 9.51E-04), knee (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.09-1.45, p = 1.63E-03), and shoulder (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09-1.67, p = 5.66E-03). Additionally, accelerometer-based PA measurement (overall average acceleration) (AccAve) was negatively related to sports injuries of the ankle-foot (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99, p = 0.046) and lumbar spine (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51-0.92, p = 0.012). Furthermore, we verified that the effect of AccAve on the risk of injury at the ankle-foot still had statistical significance after adjusting BMI. Results were verified as reliable under all sensitive analyses. CONCLUSIONS This research determined that a higher BMI could raise the sports injury risk of the ankle-foot, knee, and shoulder, while an overall average acceleration PA could reduce the injury risk of the ankle-foot and lumbar spine. These conclusions contribute to a greater knowledge of the roles of BMI and PA in the mechanism of joint sports injuries and offer several suggestions for patients and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengyue Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changqing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Yoshimoto K, Noguchi M, Maruki H, Tominaga A, Okazaki K. Hindfoot Alignment and Ankle Stability Following Arthroscopic Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair. Foot Ankle Int 2023; 44:872-878. [PMID: 37391997 DOI: 10.1177/10711007231181123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hindfoot varus deformity is a known risk factor for chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). The impact of this deformity on clinical results following arthroscopic lateral ankle ligament repair (ALLR) for CLAI has not been studied. METHODS Sixty-three ankles from 62 patients who received ALLR for CLAI were retrospectively examined. Preoperative plain radiographs were used to measure tibial articular surface (TAS) angles, and long axial hindfoot alignment radiographs were used to measure tibiocalcaneal angles (TCAs) pre- and postoperatively. Results included ratings on the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q) and recurrent ankle instability (respraining of the operated ankle following surgery). RESULTS Recurrent ankle instability, defined as incidence of any new ankle sprain after surgery reported in the follow-up period, occurred in 13 ankles. The TAS angles of these patients were significantly low, and their preoperative TCA was significantly high. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative TCA was an independent risk factor for recurrent ankle instability. The threshold values for preoperative TCA for recurrent instability were determined via the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to be 3.4 degrees. Patients were assigned to a low- or high-TCA group based on the reported average TCA (2.7 degrees) of healthy patients. In the high-TCA group, recurrent instability was significantly more frequent, and the scores on the pain subscale of the postoperative SAFE-Q were significantly lower. CONCLUSION Hindfoot varus alignment was associated with pooreroutcomes after ALLR. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, retrospective comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensei Yoshimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Center, Shiseikai Daini Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Noguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Center, Shiseikai Daini Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Maruki
- Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Center, Shiseikai Daini Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Moroyama, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ayako Tominaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Center, Shiseikai Daini Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Okazaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Monteleone G, Tramontana A, Sorge R, Tiloca A, Roselli M. Ankle sprain and podoscopic footprint pattern in female volleyball players. Acta Orthop Belg 2023; 89:141-145. [PMID: 37294998 DOI: 10.52628/89.1.10704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ankle sprain (AS) is the most common sports injury that can be complicated by chronic joint instability. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between foot types and the ankle sprain events suffered during the sport career in female volleyball players. In this retrospective study, we randomly selected 98 female volleyball players competing in several divisions. Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires in which the athlete noted data about volleyball practice, whether they had had ankle sprains and the number of these events. Plantar footprint was photographed by a plantoscope classifying each foot as normal, flat or cavus (196 feet). Of the 196 feet, 145 (74.0%) were normal, 8 (4.1%) were flat 43 and (21.9%) were cavus. Thirthy-five athletes reported at least one AS during volleyball practice. In total 65 sprain injuries were reported (35 to the right side and 30 to the left side). In 22 ankles (14 right, 8 left) sprain reinjure (AS >1) have been reported. A higher AS reinjury rate is correlated to the cavus footprint pattern (p = 0,005). Cavus foot associates to a higher risk of reinjury for ankle sprains in female volleyball players. Knowing the athletes which are more likely to sustain a reinjure may be helpful for the orthopedic surgeon to plan preventive strategies.
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Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on injury incidence and burden in amateur rugby union. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 59:85-91. [PMID: 36525741 PMCID: PMC9737509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse match and training injury incidence rates and burden from pre-(2019) and post-COVID-19 (2021) seasons; To analyse injury related variables as mechanisms, type, body locations, severity and the differences of the most common injuries according to playing positions. DESIGN An observational study was performed according to the consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection from World Rugby. Injury variables were collected retrospectively for 2019 season and prospectively during 2021 season. SETTING Argentinian amateur rugby club. PARTICIPANTS Male (n = 110) senior amateur rugby players. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Match and training time loss injuries, time of exposures and injury related variables. RESULTS Training incidence rate during post-lockdown season (4.2/1000 player-training-hours) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the pre-lockdown season (0.9/1000 player match hours). Post-lockdown hamstring strain injury (HSI) and concussions match incidence rates were significantly (p < 0.001; p < 0.05 respectively) higher in comparison with 2019 season. Regarding playing positions, backs showed a significantly increase (p < 0.05) in HSI match incidence rate post lockdown. CONCLUSIONS After the COVID-19 lockdown, training incidence rate was significantly higher than previous season (2019), showing the impact of the lockdown restrictions. Coaches and medical staff must consider that players probably need more lead-in time for conditioning and more monitoring after periods of no rugby.
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Edama M, Ohya T, Maruyama S, Shagawa M, Sekine C, Hirabayashi R, Yokota H, Ishigaki T, Akuzawa H, Togashi R, Yamada Y, Takabayashi T. Relationship between Changes in Foot Arch and Sex Differences during the Menstrual Cycle. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010509. [PMID: 36612829 PMCID: PMC9819586 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between changes in foot characteristics and sex differences during the menstrual cycle in healthy male and female university students. We examined 10 female subjects and 14 male subjects. The menstrual cycle was divided into the three phases: the early follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase via basal body temperature, an ovulation kit, and salivary estradiol and progesterone concentration measurements. Foot characteristics required for the calculation of the arch height index (AHI) were measured using a three-dimensional foot scanner under conditions of 10% and 50% weight-bearing loads. Arch height at 50% of foot length and truncated foot length were measured, and AHI was calculated by dividing arch height by truncated foot length. Arch height flexibility (AHF) was defined as the change in arch height from 10% weight-bearing load to 50% weight-bearing load. AHI was significantly lower in females than in males in the early follicular and ovulatory phases but did not differ significantly between males and females in each phase. AHF did not differ significantly between males and females in each phase. AHI and AHF showed no periodic fluctuation, suggesting that sex differences in AHF may be absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsuaki Edama
- Athlete Support Medical Center, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Tae Ohya
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Sae Maruyama
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Mayuu Shagawa
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Chie Sekine
- Athlete Support Medical Center, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Ryo Hirabayashi
- Athlete Support Medical Center, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Hirotake Yokota
- Athlete Support Medical Center, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Ishigaki
- Athlete Support Medical Center, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akuzawa
- Athlete Support Medical Center, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Ryoya Togashi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Tomoya Takabayashi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
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13
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Proprioceptive exercises and their role in improving static and dynamic joint stability in ankle sprains in handball players. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Vuurberg G, Tümer N, Sierevelt I, Dobbe JGG, Hemke R, Wiegerinck JJ, Maas M, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, Tuijthof GJM. Translation of 3D Anatomy to 2D Radiographic Angle Measurements in the Ankle Joint: Validity and Reliability. FOOT & ANKLE ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 7:24730114221112945. [PMID: 35898795 PMCID: PMC9310239 DOI: 10.1177/24730114221112945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective consisted of 2 elements, primarily to define 2 bone geometry variations of the ankle that may be of prognostic value on ankle instability and secondly to translate these bone variations from a 3D model to a simple 2D radiographic measurement for clinical use. Methods: The 3D tibial and talar shape differences derived from earlier studies were translated to two 2D radiographic parameters: the medial malleolar height angle (MMHA) and talar convexity angle (TCA) respectively to ensure clinical use. To assess validity, the MMHA and TCA were measured on 3D polygons derived from lower leg computed tomographic (CT) scans and 2D digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) of these polygons. To assess reliability, the MMHA and TCA were measured on standard radiographs by 2 observers calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The 3D angle measurements on the polygons showed substantial to excellent agreement with the 2D measurements on DRR for both the MMHA (ICC 0.84-0.93) and TCA (ICC 0.88-0.96). The interobserver reliability was moderate with an ICC of 0.58 and an ICC of 0.64 for both the MMHA and TCA, respectively. The intraobserver reliability was excellent with an ICC of 0.96 and 0.97 for the MMHA and the TCA, respectively. Conclusion: Two newly defined radiographic parameters (MMHA and TCA) are valid and can be assessed with excellent intraobserver reliability on standard radiographs. The interobserver reliability was moderate and indicates training is required to ensure uniformity in measurement technique. The current method may be used to translate more variations in bone shape prior to implementation in clinical practice. Level of Evidence: Level III, cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Vuurberg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - Nazli Tümer
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), the Netherlands
| | - Inger Sierevelt
- Specialized Centre for Orthopedic Research and Education (SCORE), Xpert Orthopedics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, Orthopedic Department, Hoofddorp
| | - Johannes G. G. Dobbe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Hemke
- Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Joost Wiegerinck
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Bergman Clinics, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - Mario Maas
- Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriëlle J. M. Tuijthof
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC/VUmc IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Research Engineering, Faculty Health, Medicine & Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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15
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Tondelli E, Boerio C, Andreu M, Antinori S. Impact, incidence and prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in senior amateur male rugby: epidemiological study. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2022; 50:269-275. [PMID: 33906560 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2021.1924045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposure to different types of injuries in rugby union is common. It is important to know about the injury epidemiology for medical teams care in order to optimize players´ performance and the treatment of common injuries, but there is limited specific information related to amateur rugby union. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence, prevalence, injury burden, severity, nature of injuries sustained by senior amateur male rugby players from three clubs in Argentina during a given season. METHODS An observational, analytical, prospective, multicenter study was developed. Data collection was conducted from 15 March 2019 to 2 November 2019, during a complete season under the applicable standards of the Rugby Injury Consensus Group according to the Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System.Incidence (injuries/1000 player-match-hours), prevalence (%), severity (time loss), injury burden (days lost/1000 player-match-hours), injured location and type of injury (%) were estimated. RESULTS 250 players and 180 injuries were assessed. Injury prevalence was 52.4%. Incidence rate per match and training was 30.9/1000 player-match-hours, and 0.77/1000 player-training-hours, respectively.The median injury severity score was 23 (IQR 12.7-52) days lost accounting for an injury burden of 97.3/1000 player-hours. Of the total, 113 (62.8%) injuries were contact injuries. The lower limbs were the most commonly affected (58.9%). Hamstring strain injury had the highest incidence and anterior cruciate ligament tear was the most severe injury. CONCLUSION The prevalence, incidence, and injury burden reported in this study are unprecedented and would add knowledge for the amateur rugby union community. Trainers, physicians, and physical therapists, should consider it to improve their clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tondelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sport Medicine, Rugby Club Los Matreros, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Boerio
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sport Medicine, Old Resian Club, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mauro Andreu
- Biostatistician, Universidad Nacional De La Matanza (Unlam), San Justo, Argentina
| | - Santiago Antinori
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sport Medicine, Club Universitario De Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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16
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Association of Ankle Sprain Frequency With Body Mass and Self-Reported Function: A Pooled Multisite Analysis. J Sport Rehabil 2022; 31:1000-1005. [PMID: 35618300 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ankle sprains result in pain and disability. While factors such as body mass and prior injury contribute to subsequent injury, the association of the number of ankle sprains on body anthropometrics and self-reported function are unclear in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to assess differences in anthropometric measurements and self-reported function between the number of ankle sprains utilizing a large, pooled data set. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Data were pooled from 14 studies (total N = 412) collected by the Chronic Ankle Instability Outcomes Network. Participants were categorized by the number of self-reported sprains. Anthropometric data and self-reported function were compared between those who reported a single versus >1 ankle sprain as well as among groups of those who had 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥5 ankle sprains, respectively. RESULTS Those who had >1 ankle sprain had higher mass (P = .001, d = 0.33) and body mass index (P = .002, d = 0.32) and lower Foot and Ankle Ability Measure-Activities of Daily Living (P < .001, r = .22), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure-Sport (P < .001, r = .33), and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (P < .001, r = .34) scores compared to the single ankle sprain group. Those who had a single ankle sprain weighed less than those who reported ≥5 sprains (P = .008, d = 0.42) and had a lower body mass index than those who reported 2 sprains (P = .031, d = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS Some individuals with a history of multiple ankle sprains had higher body mass and self-reported disability compared to those with a single sprain, factors that are likely interrelated. Due to the potential for long-term health concerns associated with ankle sprains, clinicians should incorporate patient education and interventions that promote physical activity, healthy dietary intake, and optimize function as part of comprehensive patient-centered care.
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17
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Xue X, Chen Z, Xuan W, Tao W, Jin Z, Hua Y. Force sense deficits in chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PM R 2022. [PMID: 35532066 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) may experience ankle force sense deficits due to mechanoreceptor injury and proprioceptive deafferentation in the affected ankles. This study aimed to systematically review the literature and investigate (1) whether patients with CAI have impaired force sense when compared with uninjured contralateral sides or healthy controls, and (2) which characteristics of CAI (e.g., any measurement of CAI symptoms, clinical questionnaires, or functional tests on the injured ankles) are correlated with force sense deficits. TYPE: Systematic review and meta-analysis. LITERATURE SURVEY PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched for ankle-related, injury-related, and force sense-related terms from inception to February 2, 2022. METHODOLOGY The following information was extracted from included articles: demographic data, sample size, selection criteria, methodology, force reproduction test outcomes, and correlations between force sense and other characteristics of CAI. Meta-analyses were conducted for the force sense outcomes, and a narrative review was undertaken for the correlation between force sense deficits and other characteristics of CAI. SYNTHESIS Eight studies were included. The meta-analyses revealed eversion force sense deficits of the injured ankles in absolute error (magnitude of force reproduction error) at 20% maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-1.11) and variable error (consistency of force reproduction) at 30% MVIC (SMD = 0.46, 95% CI 0.07-0.85), as compared with healthy controls. None of the included studies reported a significant correlation between these two deficits and other characteristics of CAI. CONCLUSIONS Patients with CAI have eversion force sense deficits in the magnitude of force reproduction error at 20% MVIC and the consistency of force reproduction at 30% MVIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao'ao Xue
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenkai Xuan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weichu Tao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengbiao Jin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Hua
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Is Kinesio Taping Effective for Sport Performance and Ankle Function of Athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI)? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050620. [PMID: 35630037 PMCID: PMC9146435 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ankle injuries are the most common type of injury in healthy active individuals. If not treated properly, recurrent sprains can lead to a condition of chronic ankle instability (CAI). The aim of the present review is to evaluate the effects of Kinesio Taping (or KT) on sports performances and ankle functions in athletes with CAI. Materials and Methods: This systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out following the criteria of the Prisma Statement system (registered on Open Science Framework, number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/D8QN5). For the selection of the studies, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were used as databases in which the following string was used: (“kinesiology tape” OR “tape” OR “taping” OR “elastic taping” OR “kinesio taping” OR “neuro taping”) AND (unstable OR instability) AND (ankle OR (ankle OR “ankle sprain” OR “injured ankle” OR “ankle injury”)). The Downs and Black Scale was used for the quality analysis. The outcomes considered were gait functions, ROM, muscle activation, postural sway, dynamic balance, lateral landing from a monopodalic drop and agility. Effect sizes (ESs) were synthesised as standardized mean differences between the control and intervention groups. Calculation of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for each ES was conducted according to Hedges and Olkin. Results: In total, 1448 articles were identified and 8 studies were included, with a total of 270 athletes. The application of the tape had a significant effect size on gait functions, ROM, muscle activation and postural sway. Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in gait functions (step velocity, step and stride length and reduction in the base of support in dynamics), reduction in the joint ROM in inversion and eversion, decrease in the muscle activation of the long peroneus and decrease in the postural sway in movement in the mid-lateral direction. It is possible to conclude that KT provides a moderate stabilising effect on the ankles of the athletes of most popular contact sports with CAI.
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19
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Parten AL, Herron RL. Strength and Conditioning for the Roller Derby Athlete. Strength Cond J 2022. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Aguilaniu A, Croisier JL, Schwartz C, Dardenne N, D'Hooghe P, Martens G, Collin R, Kaux JF. Current practice for safe return-to-play after lateral ankle sprain: A survey among French-speaking physicians. Foot Ankle Surg 2022; 28:307-312. [PMID: 33858759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2021.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations are available for assessment criteria for safe return-to-play (RTP) after a lateral ankle sprain. However, their current use among physicians is unknown. METHODS French-speaking physicians in Belgium, France and Switzerland were asked to complete an online survey and report their clinical assessment of selected RTP criteria. RESULTS The respondent sample (n=109) included physicians with and without Sports Medicine education, varied level of experience and proportion of athletes in their practice population. Pain was the most selected criterion for safe RTP (90% of physicians), followed by ability to engage in functional tasks (82%), functional instability (73%), range of motion (61%), proprioception (47%), mechanical instability (39%), strength (38%) and swelling (31%). A low proportion of physicians use quantitative measures to assess these criteria (between 4% and 53%). CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of physicians consider the recommended criteria for RTP decisions. However, physicians do not frequently use quantitative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Aguilaniu
- University of Liège, Sports Sciences Department, Human Motion Analysis Lab, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Louis Croisier
- University of Liège, Sports Sciences Department, Human Motion Analysis Lab, Liège, Belgium; Central University Hospital of Liège, Physical Medicine and Sports Traumatology Department, SportS(2), FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FIMS Collaborative Centre Sports Medicine, French-speaking Research Network for Athlete Health Protection & Performance (ReFORM) - IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cédric Schwartz
- University of Liège, Sports Sciences Department, Human Motion Analysis Lab, Liège, Belgium; Central University Hospital of Liège, Physical Medicine and Sports Traumatology Department, SportS(2), FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FIMS Collaborative Centre Sports Medicine, French-speaking Research Network for Athlete Health Protection & Performance (ReFORM) - IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nadia Dardenne
- University of Liège, Public Health and Biostatistics Department, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pieter D'Hooghe
- Aspetar Hospital, Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Department, Doha, Qatar
| | - Géraldine Martens
- Central University Hospital of Liège, Physical Medicine and Sports Traumatology Department, SportS(2), FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FIMS Collaborative Centre Sports Medicine, French-speaking Research Network for Athlete Health Protection & Performance (ReFORM) - IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Liège, Belgium
| | - Romain Collin
- Central University Hospital of Liège, Physical Medicine and Sports Traumatology Department, SportS(2), FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FIMS Collaborative Centre Sports Medicine, French-speaking Research Network for Athlete Health Protection & Performance (ReFORM) - IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Kaux
- University of Liège, Sports Sciences Department, Human Motion Analysis Lab, Liège, Belgium; Central University Hospital of Liège, Physical Medicine and Sports Traumatology Department, SportS(2), FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FIMS Collaborative Centre Sports Medicine, French-speaking Research Network for Athlete Health Protection & Performance (ReFORM) - IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Liège, Belgium
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21
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Tomás R, Visco CJ. Management of Acute Ankle Sprains in the Athlete. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-021-00336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Pourgharib Shahi MH, Selk Ghaffari M, Mansournia MA, Halabchi F. Risk Factors Influencing the Incidence of Ankle Sprain Among Elite Football and Basketball Players: A Prospective Study. Foot Ankle Spec 2021; 14:482-488. [PMID: 32463306 DOI: 10.1177/1938640020921251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether certain intrinsic factors (foot hyperpronation, generalized joint laxity) and clinical tests (anterior drawer and talar tilt tests, single-leg balance test and star excursion balance test, ankle and first metatarsophalangeal range of motion) could predict the incidence of lateral ankle sprains among elite football and basketball players during a full year. Method. In a prospective cohort study, 106 elite basketball and football players were recruited. During the preseason period, players underwent baseline measurements. Team physicians in following year reported occurrence of new ankle sprains. Results. Ankle sprain was more frequent among basketball players (P = .01). The history of recurrent (P = .001) and acute ankle sprain (P = .01) and each 5-year increase in age (P = .039) were predictive factors for ankle sprain. No evidence for relationship between other risk factors and occurrence of ankle sprain were achieved. Conclusion. In our study, the history of recurrent and acute ankle sprain was the strongest predictor for ankle injuries. Considering the limitations of this study, it seems mandatory to conduct more prospective studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up period.Levels of Evidence: Level II: Prognostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hosein Pourgharib Shahi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS, MSG).,Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS).,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MAM).,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (FH)
| | - Maryam Selk Ghaffari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS, MSG).,Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS).,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MAM).,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (FH)
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS, MSG).,Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS).,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MAM).,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (FH)
| | - Farzin Halabchi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS, MSG).,Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS).,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MAM).,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (FH)
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Clinical efficacy of sticking-needle acupuncture plus tendon-regulating manipulation in the treatment of acute ankle sprain. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-021-1275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Bamber ZA, Wheeler PC, Swain ID, Fong DT. Effect of 8-week treadmill running with peroneal muscle functional electrical stimulation on laterally deviated centre of plantar pressure position and star excursion balance test performance. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2021; 8:20556683211021526. [PMID: 34434562 PMCID: PMC8381417 DOI: 10.1177/20556683211021526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ankle sprain is a common injury that can have long-term sequelae resulting in pain, swelling and a reduction of physical activity participation. Previous research has shown a laterally deviated centre of pressure (COP) during running gait increases the risk of lateral ankle sprain. As a method of altering COP, electrical stimulation has been considered. Method A group of 14 healthy males were randomly allocated to case control groups which were single blinded. The intervention involved an 8-week training programme of functional electrical stimulation to the peroneal muscles during treadmill running, with a sham control group. Outcomes were COP position and star excursion balance test. Statistical analysis was through SPSS using a combination of MANOVA, T-tests and Wilcoxon signed rank. Results There was a significant difference in the results post intervention at max pressure for intervention M = 0.7(±0.7) and control M = -6.0 (±4.6) conditions; t(6) = -2.9, p < 0.05. Conclusion It has been demonstrated that FES can alter COP during max pressure in running gait after an 8-week training programme, although carry over effect appears limited and further testing is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe A Bamber
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Division of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patrick C Wheeler
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Department of Sport and Exercise Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Ian D Swain
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, UK
| | - Daniel Tp Fong
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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25
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Kawaguchi K, Taketomi S, Mizutani Y, Inui H, Yamagami R, Kono K, Takagi K, Kage T, Sameshima S, Tanaka S, Haga N. Hip Abductor Muscle Strength Deficit as a Risk Factor for Inversion Ankle Sprain in Male College Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:23259671211020287. [PMID: 34377718 PMCID: PMC8320582 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have attempted to determine whether certain risk factors can predict the occurrence of inversion ankle sprains in male collegiate soccer players. However, no consensus has been reached on the predictive risk factors of inversion ankle sprain in this population. Purpose: To identify risk factors for inversion ankle sprains among male collegiate soccer players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Included were 145 male collegiate soccer players in Japan who were assessed during a preseason medical checkup for potential risk factors of inversion ankle sprain. The preseason assessment included anthropometric measurements, joint laxity and flexibility, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and balance ability, with a total of 33 variables. The participants were monitored during the 2019 season for inversion ankle sprains as diagnosed by physicians. Results: A total of 31 inversion ankle sprains in 31 players (21.4%) occurred during the season. Only the measured isometric hip abductor strength was significantly lower in injured players as compared with uninjured players. Logistic regression analysis revealed measured hip abductor muscle strength deficit as a significant risk factor for inversion ankle sprain (odds ratio, 0.978 [95% CI, 0.976-0.999]; P = .05). Conclusion: Hip abductor strength deficit was a risk factor for inversion ankle sprain in the study population. This finding could be useful for the prevention of inversion ankle sprains in male collegiate soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kawaguchi
- UTokyo Sports Science Initiative, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Taketomi
- UTokyo Sports Science Initiative, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Inui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Yamagami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Kage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Sameshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Haga
- UTokyo Sports Science Initiative, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Lin CC, Lee WC, Chen JC, Chen SJ, Lin CF. The Influence of Kinesio Tape and an Ankle Brace on the Lower Extremity Joint Motion in Fatigued, Unstable Ankles during a Lateral Drop Landing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18116081. [PMID: 34200005 PMCID: PMC8200217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unstable ankle along with plantar flexor muscle fatigue may exacerbate landing performance. External support may be an option to control the ankle motion and protect joints from injuries. Research goal: To investigate the immediate changes in the joint motion of a lower extremity under ankle plantar flexors fatigue conditions in athletes with unstable ankles using different external supports. METHODS A total of 44 participants were allocated to a control (Cn) group, an ankle brace (AB) group, and a kinesio tape (KT) group, and were asked to perform a lateral drop landing before and after a fatigue protocol. The outcome measures were fatigue-induced changes in the maximal joint angle and changes in the angle ranges of the hip, knee, and ankle. RESULTS Smaller changes in the maximal hip abduction were found in the AB group (p = 0.025), and the KT group exhibited smaller changes in the maximal ankle dorsiflexion (p = 0.009). The AB group landed with a smaller change in the range of hip flexion and knee flexion (p = 0.008 and 0.006). The Cn group had greater fatigue-induced changes in the COM range than AB and KT group (p = 0.002 and 0.028). SIGNIFICANCE Despite the beneficial effect in the postural control in the frontal plane, the use of AB might constrain the distal joint motion which might lead to an extended knee landing posture resulting in secondary injuries to the knee joint. Therefore, the use of AB in conjunction with an additional training of landing strategy might be recommended from the injury prevention perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Chin Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (J.-C.C.)
| | - Jih-Ching Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (J.-C.C.)
| | - Shing-Jye Chen
- Department of Product Design, College of Design, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan 71002, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Feng Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Physical Therapy Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5911)
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Lack of Consensus on Return-to-Sport Criteria Following Lateral Ankle Sprain: A Systematic Review of Expert Opinions. J Sport Rehabil 2021; 29:231-237. [PMID: 31141438 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lateral ankle sprains (LAS) have one of the highest recurrence rates of all musculoskeletal injuries. An emphasis on rapid return to sport (RTS) following LAS likely increases reinjury risk. Unfortunately, no set of objective RTS criteria exist for LAS, forcing practitioners to rely on their own opinion of when a patient is ready to RTS. PURPOSE To determine if there was consensus among published expert opinions that could help inform an initial set of RTS criteria for LAS that could be investigated in future research. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PubMed, CINHL, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception until October 2018 using a combination of keywords. Studies were included if they listed specific RTS criteria for LAS. No assessment of methodological quality was conducted because all included papers were expert opinion papers (level 5 evidence). Extracted data included the recommended domains (eg, range of motion, balance, sport-specific movement, etc) to be assessed, specific assessments for each listed domain, and thresholds (eg, 80% of the uninjured limb) to be used to determine RTS. Consensus and partial agreement were defined, a priori, as ≥75% and 50% to 75% agreement, respectively. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Eight domains were identified within 11 included studies. Consensus was reached regarding the need to assess sport-specific movement (n = 9, 90.9%). Partial agreement was reached for the need to assess static balance (n = 7, 63.6%). The domains of pain and swelling, patient reported outcomes, range of motion, and strength were also partially agreed on (n = 6, 54.5%). No agreement was reached on specific assessments of cutoff thresholds. CONCLUSIONS Given consensus and partial agreement results, RTS decisions following LAS should be based on sport-specific movement, static balance, patient reported outcomes, range of motion, and strength. Future research needs to determine assessments and cutoff thresholds within these domains to minimize recurrent LAS risk.
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28
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Reliability of a New Portable Dynamometer for Assessing Hip and Lower Limb Strength. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate intra- and inter-session reliability of the new, portable, and externally fixated dynamometer called MuscleBoard® for assessing the strength of hip and lower limb muscles. Hip abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, internal and external rotation, knee extension, ankle plantarflexion, and Nordic hamstring exercise strength were measured in three sessions (three sets of three repetitions for each test) on 24 healthy and recreationally active participants. Average and maximal value of normalized peak torque (Nm/kg) from three repetitions in each set and agonist:antagonist ratios (%) were statistically analyzed; the coefficient of variation and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC2,k) were calculated to assess absolute and relative reliability, respectively. Overall, the results display high to excellent intra- and inter-session reliability with low to acceptable within-individual variation for average and maximal peak torques in all bilateral strength tests, while the reliability of unilateral strength tests was moderate to good. Our findings indicate that using the MuscleBoard® dynamometer can be a reliable device for assessing and monitoring bilateral and certain unilateral hip and lower limb muscle strength, while some unilateral strength tests require some refinement and more extensive familiarization.
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29
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Mason J, Wellmann K, Groll A, Braumann KM, Junge A, Hollander K, Zech A. Game Exposure, Player Characteristics, and Neuromuscular Performance Influence Injury Risk in Professional and Youth Field Hockey Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:2325967121995167. [PMID: 33889643 PMCID: PMC8033403 DOI: 10.1177/2325967121995167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying factors that contribute to the occurrence of injury is an important step in designing training programs to minimize the risk of injury. However, despite high injury rates, variables contributing to injury in field hockey players remain relatively unexplored. PURPOSE To identify factors that may predict injury in professional and youth field hockey players. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHOD Professional and youth hockey players completed preseason neuromuscular performance testing and were monitored for injuries, training, and game exposure throughout the subsequent 12-month indoor and outdoor hockey season. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis was conducted to identify injury risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves were then calculated to determine the individual predictive accuracy of the identified variables. RESULTS A total of 83 players (mean ± SD age, 20.7 ± 4.9 years; 34.9% female) with complete performance, injury, and exposure data were included for data analysis. Almost half of players (44.6%) sustained a time-loss injury during the season, and 73% of these injuries occurred in the lower limb. Playing more games and having an older age, asymmetrical and poor dynamic postural control, and better explosive performance were identified as jointly influencing the risk of injury. When considered individually, number of games played throughout the season was the most accurate predictor of injury risk (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.74; P < .001), while asymmetrical and poor dynamic postural control (AUCs = 0.61-0.65; P = .01-.04) and better explosive athletic performance (AUCs = 0.65-0.67; P < .01) were identified as moderate individual predictors of sustaining a general or lower limb injury. CONCLUSION A number of modifiable factors were individually and jointly associated with an increased injury risk in field hockey players, providing initial evidence for the design of targeted and sport-specific training programs to mitigate the risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Mason
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Jena, Jena,
Germany
| | - Kai Wellmann
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Jena, Jena,
Germany
| | - Andreas Groll
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund,
Germany
| | | | - Astrid Junge
- Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Swiss Concussion Center, Schulthess Klinik, Zürich,
Switzerland
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding
Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts,
USA
| | - Astrid Zech
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Jena, Jena,
Germany
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30
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A preliminary study exploring the change in ankle joint laxity and general joint laxity during the menstrual cycle in cis women. J Foot Ankle Res 2021; 14:21. [PMID: 33761990 PMCID: PMC7988940 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-021-00459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between ankle joint laxity and general joint laxity (GJL) in relation to the menstrual cycle, which was divided into four phases based on basal body temperature and ovulation, assessed using an ovulation kit. Methods Participants were 14 female college students (21–22 years) with normal menstrual cycles (cis gender). Anterior drawer stress to a magnitude of 120 N was applied for all participants. Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) length was measured as the linear distance (mm) between its points of attachment on the lateral malleolus and talus using ultrasonography. Data on ATFL length from each subject were used to calculate each subject’s normalized length change with anterior drawer stress (AD%). The University of Tokyo method was used for evaluation of GJL. AD% and GJL were measured once in each menstrual phase. Results There was no statistically significant difference between AD% in each phase. GJL score was significantly higher in the ovulation and luteal phases compared with the early follicular phase. AD% and GJL showed a positive correlation with each other in the ovulation phase. Conclusions Although it is unclear whether estrogen receptors are present in the ATFL, the present study suggests that women with high GJL scores might be more sensitive to the effects of estrogen, resulting in ATFL length change in the ovulation phase.
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31
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Murata K, Kumai T, Hirose N. Lateral Ankle Sprains and Their Association with Physical Function in Young Soccer Players. Open Access J Sports Med 2021; 12:1-10. [PMID: 33469390 PMCID: PMC7811480 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s283421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) in childhood can result in lateral malleolus avulsion fractures; additionally, bone nonunion may occur. Physical maturity relates to the development of bone morphology and physical functionality. It is unknown how changes in physical functionality attributable to physical maturity affect young soccer players with abnormal lateral malleolus (ALM) morphology. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the bone morphology of the lateral malleolus in young soccer players and to examine its relationship with physical functionality at different maturity levels. Subjects and Methods Two hundred and ninety young soccer players aged 6–15 years were included. The presence of ALM was assessed using ultrasonography. The subjects were allocated to three groups based on physical maturity (Pre-, Mid-, and Post-peak height velocity age [PHVA]). The prevalence of ALM and the relationship between ALM and physical maturity were examined for body composition, foot pressure distribution, foot alignment, ankle mobility, and single-leg balance. Results The prevalence of ALM was 17.6%. For physical maturity, the post-PHVA group showed a decrease in ankle dorsiflexion and eversion and an increase in one-leg hop distance compared to the Pre-PHVA group (P < 0.05). In the ALM group, the center of pressure during heel raising was distributed laterally in the Post-PHVA (P < 0.01), and the weight-bearing dorsiflexion angle was decreased in the Mid- and Post-PHVA (P < 0.05). Conclusion In the Post-PHVA young soccer players, decreased ankle dorsiflexion and eversion and increased one-leg hop distance were observed. The ALM group exhibited lateral loading during heel raising in the Post-PHVA group and decreased weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion angle in the Mid- and Post-PHVA groups. The findings indicate the importance of secondary prevention of LAS and ultrasonography. Prospective studies of LAS in young athletes are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Murata
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Nishi-tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kumai
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norikazu Hirose
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
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32
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Halabchi F, Hassabi M. Acute ankle sprain in athletes: Clinical aspects and algorithmic approach. World J Orthop 2020; 11:534-558. [PMID: 33362991 PMCID: PMC7745493 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v11.i12.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ankle sprain is the most common lower limb injury in athletes and accounts for 16%-40% of all sports-related injuries. It is especially common in basketball, American football, and soccer. The majority of sprains affect the lateral ligaments, particularly the anterior talofibular ligament. Despite its high prevalence, a high proportion of patients experience persistent residual symptoms and injury recurrence. A detailed history and proper physical examination are diagnostic cornerstones. Imaging is not indicated for the majority of ankle sprain cases and should be requested according to the Ottawa ankle rules. Several interventions have been recommended in the management of acute ankle sprains including rest, ice, compression, and elevation, analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications, bracing and immobilization, early weight-bearing and walking aids, foot orthoses, manual therapy, exercise therapy, electrophysical modalities and surgery (only in selected refractory cases). Among these interventions, exercise and bracing have been recommended with a higher level of evidence and should be incorporated in the rehabilitation process. An exercise program should be comprehensive and progressive including the range of motion, stretching, strengthening, neuromuscular, proprioceptive, and sport-specific exercises. Decision-making regarding return to the sport in athletes may be challenging and a sports physician should determine this based on the self-reported variables, manual tests for stability, and functional performance testing. There are some common myths and mistakes in the management of ankle sprains, which all clinicians should be aware of and avoid. These include excessive imaging, unwarranted non-weight-bearing, unjustified immobilization, delay in functional movements, and inadequate rehabilitation. The application of an evidence-based algorithmic approach considering the individual characteristics is helpful and should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Halabchi
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassabi
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19979-64151, Iran
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33
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Bamber ZA, Wheeler PC, He X, Ling SKK, Yung PSH, Fong DTP. Screening for laterally deviated plantar pressure during stance using the Cumberland ankle instability tool and anthropometric measures. Res Sports Med 2020; 29:323-335. [PMID: 33297771 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1857250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study developed a method that predicts laterally deviated plantar pressure during stance by lower limb anthropometrics and self-reported ability to stop an ankle which has started to roll over. Thirty-two males ran on a treadmill for 2 minutes at 11 km/h. Foot pressure data were collected by a pressure insole system for classifying the participants as medial or lateral strikers. Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool score, Tegner Activity Scale score, foot arch height, active and passive ankle and knee range of motion, bi-malleolar width, foot length, foot width and calf circumference were measured. Binary logistic regressions were performed to produce a model which estimated if an individual showed laterally deviated foot pressure during stance. The model utilized the score of Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool Question 8, active and passive knee joint external rotation, height, body mass and bimalleolar width (explained variance of 47.3%, p = 0.037), producing a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 54.5%. A validation trial on another 15 runners reported a 73.3% accuracy in prediction if they are medial or lateral strikes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe A Bamber
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Division of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patrick C Wheeler
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Department of Sport and Exercise Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Xin He
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel K K Ling
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick S H Yung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel T P Fong
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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34
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Hou ZC, Miao X, Ao YF, Hu YL, Jiao C, Guo QW, Xie X, Zhao F, Pi YB, Li N, Zhang ZY, Jiang D. Characteristics and predictors of muscle strength deficit in mechanical ankle instability. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:730. [PMID: 33172443 PMCID: PMC7654059 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Muscle strength training is a common strategy for treating chronic ankle instability (CAI), but the effectiveness decreases for mechanical ankle instability (MAI) patients with initial severe ligament injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and the potential predictors of muscle strength deficit in MAI patients, with a view to proposing a more targeted muscle strength training strategy. Methods A total of 220 MAI patients with confirmed initial lateral ankle ligament rupture and a postinjury duration of more than 6 months were included. All patients underwent a Biodex isokinetic examination of the ankle joints of both the affected and unaffected sides. Then, the associations between the limb symmetry index (LSI) (mean peak torque of the injury side divided by that of the healthy side) and the patients’ sex, body mass index, postinjury duration, presence of intra-articular osteochondral lesions, presence of osteophytes and ligament injury pattern (i.e., isolated anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) injury or combined with calcaneofibular ligament injury) were analysed. Results There was significantly weaker muscle strength on the affected side than on the unaffected side in all directions (p < 0.05). The LSI in plantar flexion was significantly lower than that in dorsiflexion at 60°/s (0.87 vs 0.98, p < 0.001). A lower LSI in eversion was significantly correlated with female sex (0.82 vs 0.94, p = 0.016) and isolated ATFL injury (0.86 vs 0.95, p = 0.012). No other factors were found to be associated with muscle strength deficits. Conclusion MAI patients showed significant muscle strength deficits on the affected side, especially in plantar flexion. There were greater strength deficits in eversion in females and individuals with an isolated ATFL injury. Thus, a muscle strength training programme for MAI patients was proposed that focused more on plantar flexion training and eversion training for females and those with an isolated ATFL injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-020-03754-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Chen Hou
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Miao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying-Fang Ao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yue-Lin Hu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qin-Wei Guo
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan-Bin Pi
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Nan Li
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100191, China.
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35
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Raisbeck LD, Diekfuss JA, Rhea CK. Does an External Focus Improve Single-Leg Jump Distance for Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.3928/19425864-20191106-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Ikarashi K, Iguchi K, Yamazaki Y, Yamashiro K, Baba Y, Sato D. Influence of Menstrual Cycle Phases on Neural Excitability in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex and Ankle Joint Position Sense. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS 2020; 1:167-178. [PMID: 33786480 PMCID: PMC7784724 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2020.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Ankle sprain (AS) is one of the most common injuries among women engaged in competitive sports and recreational activities. Many studies have shown that several factors contributing to AS are influenced by the menstrual cycle. Despite the finding that abnormal joint position sense (JPS) is one of the major risk factors of AS, the alteration of the JPS throughout the menstrual cycle and its associated neural mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to examine whether the menstrual cycle phases affect neural excitability in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and JPS. Methods: Fourteen right-footed women participated in this study. Somatosensory-evoked potential and paired-pulse inhibition (PPI) were measured to assess S1 excitatory and inhibitory functions. Ankle JPS was measured using an active joint position matching method. Menstrual syndrome was evaluated using the menstrual distress questionnaire. All assessments were conducted in the follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Results: The two main findings of this study were as follows: First, PPI decreased in the ovulatory phase than in the follicular phase. This may have been the reason for estrogen altering the neural inhibition and facilitation balance throughout the menstrual cycle. Second, JPS was not changed during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion: In conclusion, phases of the menstrual cycle affect the neural excitability in S1 as shown by the decreased PPI in the ovulatory phase, and the ankle JPS was unchanged throughout the menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyuki Ikarashi
- Field of Health and Sports, Graduate School of Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan.,Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaho Iguchi
- Field of Health and Sports, Graduate School of Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yudai Yamazaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koya Yamashiro
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Baba
- Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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Criteria-Based Return to Sport Decision-Making Following Lateral Ankle Sprain Injury: a Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. Sports Med 2020; 49:601-619. [PMID: 30747379 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to identify prospective studies that used a criteria-based return to sport (RTS) decision-making process for patients with lateral ankle sprain (LAS) injury. DESIGN Systematic review and narrative synthesis. DATA SOURCES The PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, PEDro, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus (EBSCO), ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were searched to 23 November 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies were included if they prospectively applied a criteria-based RTS decision-making process for patients with LAS injury, but were excluded if they merely gathered outcome measures at the RTS time point. Studies were also excluded if patients were recovering from ankle fracture, high ankle sprain, medial ankle sprain, chronic ankle instability or complex ankle injury. RESULTS No studies were identified that used a criteria-based RTS decision-making process for patients with LAS injury. We were unable to conduct a quantitative synthesis or meta-analysis, therefore we provide a narrative synthesis of relevant questionnaires, as well as clinical and functional assessments commonly used in studies retrieved in the search. CONCLUSION There are currently no published evidence-based criteria to inform RTS decisions for patients with an LAS injury. Based on our narrative synthesis, we propose a number of variables that could be used to develop a criteria-based RTS decision paradigm. Future research should aim to reach consensus on these variables and apply them to actual RTS decisions within prospective study designs. Furthermore, we suggest that complex systems theory and the RTS continuum could be used to inform the development of an RTS decision-making paradigm for athletes with LAS injury.
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38
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Zhang L, Lu J, Cai B, Fan S, Jiang X. Quantitative assessments of static and dynamic balance performance in patients with chronic ankle instability. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19775. [PMID: 32332619 PMCID: PMC7220543 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have postural-control deficits during center-of-pressure excursions than do healthy individuals. While an external analysis of center-of-pressure excursions in CAI has been performed, a quantitative analysis of center-of-gravity movements, to detect the balance deficits associated with CAI, has yet to be performed. Therefore, the aim of the study is to quantify the balance deficits in patients with unilateral CAI.Forty-four patients with unilateral CAI (24 men; age, 31.7 ± 5.5 years) and 26 uninjured volunteers (12 men; age, 28.6 ± 5.9 years) underwent Neurocom Balance Manager assessments of dynamic and static balance responses in limits of stability, unilateral stance, and forward lunge tests.In the limits of stability test, there were no significant group differences in the forward direction; however, reaction times were longer in the CAI group than in the control group in the backward (P = .037, effect size [ES] = 0.49) and rightward directions (P = .032, ES = 0.47). Furthermore, the CAI group showed more excursions in the rightward (P = .046, ES = 0.50) and leftward directions (P = .002, ES = 0.80), and less directional control in the leftward direction (P = .036, ES = 0.59). In the unilateral stance test, the center of gravity sway velocity was faster in the CAI group than in the control group, whether eyes were opened or closed (P < .05). There were no significant group differences in forward lunge-test outcomes.Patients with CAI have poor static and dynamic balance performance compared to that in healthy counterparts. Thus, balance retraining should be an essential component of rehabilitation programs for patients with CAI.
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39
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Lambert LA, Falconer L, Mason L. Ankle stability in ankle fracture. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020; 11:375-379. [PMID: 32405195 PMCID: PMC7211817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Restoration of normal ankle kinematics should be the all-encompassing ethos in the approach to management of ankle fractures. To do this, the ligamentous stabilisers must also form part of its assessment and definitive management and be considered during index fracture fixation surgery. This article is a review of the anatomy, mechanics and clinical testing of instability in ankle fractures.
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40
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Does Acute Fatigue Negatively Affect Intrinsic Risk Factors of the Lower Extremity Injury Risk Profile? A Systematic and Critical Review. Sports Med 2019; 50:767-784. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Chen ET, Borg-Stein J, McInnis KC. Ankle Sprains: Evaluation, Rehabilitation, and Prevention. Curr Sports Med Rep 2019; 18:217-223. [PMID: 31385837 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ankle sprains affect athletic populations at high rates. Athletes who suffer an ankle sprain frequently go on to develop persistent symptoms, resulting in significant resources spent toward treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention. A thorough clinical evaluation is necessary to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment prescription. This narrative review aims to present an approach to evaluation of high and low ankle sprains for athletes of all levels. The authors review the current evidence for ankle sprain treatment and rehabilitation. Strategies for prevention of recurrent sprains and return to play considerations also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joanne Borg-Stein
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA
| | - Kelly C McInnis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Orthopedics, Division of Sports Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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42
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Namazi P, Zarei M, Hovanloo F, Abbasi H. The association between the isokinetic muscle strength and lower extremity injuries in young male football players. Phys Ther Sport 2019; 39:76-81. [PMID: 31279289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Validating any screening test to predict and prevent football injuries is in need of identifying related risk factors through prospective designs. In spite of the extensive use of strength testing in football players, there are limited studies investigating the relationship between isokinetic muscle strength and injury risk in young football players. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between isokinetic strength and the risk of lower extremity injury among Iranian young football players. METHOD ology: seventy three U-21 football players participated in this study. Isokinetic strength of hip, knee and ankle muscles were measured using the Isokinetic system pro 4. Injuries and exposure in training and matches were registered prospectively by club medical staff for one season. RESULTS Significant relationships were revealed between the isokinetic strength of hip abductor and adductor muscles, and isokinetic strength ratio of hip abductor/adductor muscles at an angular speed of 30°/sec, the isokinetic strength of hip abductor muscles at 90°/sec, and isokinetic strength of knee flexor and extensor muscles at 60°/sec and knee flexor/extensor strength ratio at angular velocities of 60°/sec with the injury occurrence among football players. CONCLUSION lower extremity isokinetic strength indices are associated with injuries in young male football players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Namazi
- Department of Sports Sciences and Health, University of Shahid Beheshti, Velenjak Square, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Mostafa Zarei
- Department of Sports Sciences and Health, University of Shahid Beheshti, Velenjak Square, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Hovanloo
- Department of Sports Sciences and Health, University of Shahid Beheshti, Velenjak Square, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Hamed Abbasi
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, No. 3, 5th Alley, Miremad Street, Motahhari Street, 1587958711, Tehran, Iran.
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43
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Ankle Sprain Has Higher Occurrence During the Latter Parts of Matches: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. J Sport Rehabil 2019; 28:373-380. [PMID: 29809104 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2017-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Context: Ankle sprains are common injuries in sports, but it is unclear whether they are more likely to occur in a specific period of a sporting game. Objective: To systematically review the literature investigating when in a match ankle sprains most likely occurred. Evidence Acquisition: The databases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus were searched up to August 2016, with no restriction of date or language. The search targeted studies that presented data on the time of occurrence of ankle sprains during sports matches. Data from included studies were analyzed as a percentage of ankle sprain occurrence by halftime and by quarters. Meta-analyses were run using a random effects model. The quality assessment tool for quantitative studies was used to assess the article's quality. Evidence Synthesis: The searches identified 1142 studies, and 8 were included in this review. A total of 500 ankle sprains were reported during follow-up time, which ranged from 1 to 15 years, in 5 different sports (soccer, rugby, futsal, American football, and Gaelic football). The meta-analyses, including all 8 studies, showed that the proportion of ankle sprains during the first half (0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-0.50) was smaller than the second half (0.56; 95% CI, 0.50-0.62). For the analyses by quarters, the proportion of ankle sprains in the first quarter (0.14; 95% CI, 0.09-0.19) was considerably smaller than the second (0.28; 95% CI, 0.24-0.32), third (0.25; 95% CI, 0.17-0.34), and fourth (0.29; 95% CI, 0.22-0.36) quarters. Conclusion: The results of this review indicate that ankle sprains are more likely to occur later in the game during the second half or during the latter minutes of the first half.
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Vuurberg G, Hoorntje A, Wink LM, van der Doelen BFW, van den Bekerom MP, Dekker R, van Dijk CN, Krips R, Loogman MCM, Ridderikhof ML, Smithuis FF, Stufkens SAS, Verhagen EALM, de Bie RA, Kerkhoffs GMMJ. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ankle sprains: update of an evidence-based clinical guideline. Br J Sports Med 2018. [PMID: 29514819 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This guideline aimed to advance current understandings regarding the diagnosis, prevention and therapeutic interventions for ankle sprains by updating the existing guideline and incorporate new research. A secondary objective was to provide an update related to the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic procedures, therapeutic interventions and prevention strategies. It was posited that subsequent interaction of clinicians with this guideline could help reduce health impairments and patient burden associated with this prevalent musculoskeletal injury. The previous guideline provided evidence that the severity of ligament damage can be assessed most reliably by delayed physical examination (4-5 days post trauma). After correct diagnosis, it can be stated that even though a short time of immobilisation may be helpful in relieving pain and swelling, the patient with an acute lateral ankle ligament rupture benefits most from use of tape or a brace in combination with an exercise programme.New in this update: Participation in certain sports is associated with a heightened risk of sustaining a lateral ankle sprain. Care should be taken with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) usage after an ankle sprain. They may be used to reduce pain and swelling, but usage is not without complications and NSAIDs may suppress the natural healing process. Concerning treatment, supervised exercise-based programmes preferred over passive modalities as it stimulates the recovery of functional joint stability. Surgery should be reserved for cases that do not respond to thorough and comprehensive exercise-based treatment. For the prevention of recurrent lateral ankle sprains, ankle braces should be considered as an efficacious option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Vuurberg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), VUmc / AMC IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hoorntje
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), VUmc / AMC IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren M Wink
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,VU Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brent F W van der Doelen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), VUmc / AMC IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rienk Dekker
- Dutch Society of Rehabilitation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C Niek van Dijk
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), VUmc / AMC IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rover Krips
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Flevoziekenhuis, Almere, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Frank F Smithuis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd A S Stufkens
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evert A L M Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), VUmc / AMC IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,VU Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of of Public and Occupational Health VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob A de Bie
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gino M M J Kerkhoffs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), VUmc / AMC IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Assessment of Relationships Between Joint Motion Quality and Postural Control in Patients With Chronic Ankle Joint Instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017; 47:570-577. [PMID: 27814667 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2017.6836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Study Design Controlled laboratory study, cross-sectional. Background Lateral ankle sprains are among the most common injuries encountered during athletic participation. Following the initial injury, there is an alarmingly high risk of reinjury and development of chronic ankle instability (CAI), which is dependent on a combination of factors, including sensorimotor deficits and changes in the biomechanical environment of the ankle joint. Objective To evaluate CAI-related disturbances in arthrokinematic motion quality and postural control and the relationships between them. Methods Sixty-three male subjects (31 with CAI and 32 healthy controls) were enrolled in the study. For arthrokinematic motion quality analysis, the vibroarthrographic signals were collected during ankle flexion/extension motion using an acceleration sensor and described by variability (variance of mean squares [VMS]), amplitude (mean of 4 maximal and 4 minimal values [R4]), and frequency (vibroarthrographic signal bands of 50 to 250 Hz [P1] and 250 to 450 Hz [P2]) parameters. Using the Biodex Balance System, single-leg dynamic balance was measured by overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral stability indices. Results Values of vibroarthrographic parameters (VMS, R4, P1 and P2) were significantly higher in the CAI group than those in the control group (P<.01). Similar results were obtained for all postural control parameters (overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral stability indices; P<.05). Moreover, correlations between the overall stability index and VMS, and P1 and P2, as well as between the anteroposterior stability index and P1 and P2, were observed in the CAI patient group, but not in controls. Conclusion In patients with CAI, deficits in both quality of ankle arthrokinematic motion and postural control were present. Therefore, physical therapy interventions focused on improving ankle neuromuscular control and arthrokinematic function are necessary in CAI patient care. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(8):570-577. Epub 4 Nov 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6836.
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