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Wang P, Tadeo X, Chew HSJ, Sapanel Y, Ong YH, Leung NYT, Chow EKH, Ho D. N-of-1 health optimization: Digital monitoring of biomarker dynamics to gamify adherence to metabolic switching. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae214. [PMID: 38881838 PMCID: PMC11179112 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The digital health field is experiencing substantial growth due to its potential for sustained and longitudinal deployment. In turn, this may drive improved monitoring and intervention as catalysts for behavioral change compared to traditional point-of-care practices. In particular, the increase in incidence of population health challenges such as diabetes, heart disease, fatty liver disease, and other disorders coupled with rising healthcare costs have emphasized the importance of exploring technical, economics, and implementation considerations, among others in the decentralization of health and healthcare innovations. Both healthy individuals and patients stand to benefit from continued technical advances and studies in these domains. To address these points, this study reports a N-of-1 study comprised of sustained regimens of intermittent fasting, fitness (strength and cardiovascular training), and high protein, low carbohydrate diet and parallel monitoring. These regimens were paired with serial blood ketone, blood glucose (wearable and finger stick) and blood pressure readings, as well as body weight measurements using a collection of devices. Collectively this suite of platforms and approaches were used to monitor metabolic switching from glucose to ketones as energy sources-a process associated with potential cardio- and neuroprotective functions. In addition to longitudinal biomarker dynamics, this work discusses user perspectives on the potential role of harnessing digital devices to these dynamics as potential gamification factors, as well as considerations for the role of biomarker monitoring in health regimen development, user stratification, and potentially informing downstream population-scale studies to address metabolic disease, healthy aging and longevity, among other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Xavier Tadeo
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Han Shi Jocelyn Chew
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yoann Sapanel
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Singapore's Health District @ Queenstown, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Yoong Hun Ong
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Nicole Yong Ting Leung
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Dean Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Singapore's Health District @ Queenstown, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- The Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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Flor-Alemany M, Sandborg J, Migueles JH, Söderström E, Henström M, Marín-Jiménez N, Baena-García L, Aparicio VA, Löf M. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Health-Related Quality of Life during Pregnancy: Is the Mediterranean Diet Beneficial in Non-Mediterranean Countries? Nutrients 2024; 16:718. [PMID: 38474846 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pregnant women from Spain and Sweden. A total of 138 pregnant women from Spain (age: 32.9 ± 4.6 years old) and 302 pregnant women from Sweden (age: 31.3 ± 4.1 years old) were included. MD adherence was assessed with the Mediterranean food pattern (i.e., a MD index) at the 14-16th gestational weeks. HRQoL was assessed with the Spanish and Swedish versions of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36 and RAND-36, respectively) at the 14-16th and 34-37th gestational weeks. A greater MD adherence was associated with better physical functioning, bodily pain, vitality, emotional role, and mental health in cross-sectional associations (2nd trimester) in the Spanish sample (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, a greater MD adherence was associated with lower bodily pain in both Spanish and Swedish samples (both p < 0.05) in the 3rd trimester. The associations of MD adherence with pain seem to be explained by a greater intake of fiber, fish, fruits, nuts, and legumes (all p < 0.05). A greater MD adherence, driven by a higher intake of fiber, fish, fruits, nuts, and legumes, was associated with lower pain throughout pregnancy in both Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Flor-Alemany
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (IMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Johanna Sandborg
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- PROFITH "Promoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Emmie Söderström
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria Henström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nuria Marín-Jiménez
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (IMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Laura Baena-García
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (IMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginia A Aparicio
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (IMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
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Mediterranean Diet and Sarcopenia Features in Apparently Healthy Adults over 65 Years: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051104. [PMID: 36904104 PMCID: PMC10005300 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Low muscle mass combined with changes in physical function and muscle quality is defined as sarcopenia. In people > 60 years, sarcopenia reaches 10% and tends to increase with age. Individual nutrients, such as protein, may have a protective role against sarcopenia, but recent evidence suggests that protein alone has been ineffective in increasing muscle strength. Dietary patterns, instead, with a high "anti-inflammatory" potential, such as the Mediterranean dietary pattern, have been considered as an emerging dietary remedy against sarcopenia. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the role of Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and/or improvement, including recent data, in healthy elders. We searched published studies about sarcopenia and the Mediterranean diet until December 2022 in Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus search engine and grey literature. In total, ten articles were identified as relevant: four cross-sectional studies and six prospective. No clinical trial was identified. Only three studies assessed sarcopenia presence and four measured muscle mass, which is an essential criterion in sarcopenia diagnosis. Mediterranean diet adherence had, in general, a positive role in muscle mass and muscle function, while the results were less clear with regard to muscle strength. Additionally, there was no evidence of a positive effect of the Mediterranean diet on sarcopenia. There is a need for conduction of clinical trials in order to reach cause-effects conclusions regarding the importance of the Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and management in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations.
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Zupkauskiene J, Lauceviciene I, Navickas P, Ryliskyte L, Puronaite R, Badariene J, Laucevicius A. Changes in health-related quality of life, motivation for physical activity, the levels of anxiety and depression after individualized aerobic training in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Hellenic J Cardiol 2022; 66:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Martínez-Urbistondo D, San-Cristóbal R, Villares P, Martínez-González MÁ, Babio N, Corella D, del Val JL, Ordovás JM, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem JL, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Tur JA, Marcos A, Pintó X, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Bullón Vela MV, Palau A, Sorli JV, Masagué M, Abete I, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Candela-García I, Konieczna J, García-Ríos A, Juárez OL, Portolés O, Martín P, Goday A, Zulet MÁ, Vaquero-Luna J, Orea MDCS, Megías I, Baltasar E, Martínez JA, Daimiel L. Role of NAFLD on the Health Related QoL Response to Lifestyle in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: The PREDIMED Plus Cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:868795. [PMID: 35846291 PMCID: PMC9276971 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.868795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) status in the impact of lifestyle over Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Baseline and 1 year follow up data from the PREDIMED-plus cohort (men and women, 55-75 years old with overweight/obesity and MetS) were studied. Adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean Diet (er-MeDiet) and Physical Activity (PA) were assessed with a validated screeners. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was implemented to evaluate NAFLD while the SF-36 questionnaire provided HRQoL evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of baseline NAFLD on HRQoL as affected by lifestyle during 1 year of follow up. RESULTS Data from 5205 patients with mean age of 65 years and a 48% of female participants. Adjusted linear multivariate mixed regression models showed that patients with lower probability of NAFLD (HSI < 36 points) were more responsive to er-MeDiet (β 0.64 vs β 0.05 per er-MeDiet adherence point, p< 0.01) and PA (β 0.05 vs β 0.01 per MET-h/week, p = 0.001) than those with high probability for NAFLD in terms Physical SF-36 summary in the 1 year follow up. 10 points of er-MeDiet adherence and 50 MET-h/week were thresholds for a beneficial effect of lifestyle on HRQoL physical domain in patients with lower probability of NAFLD. CONCLUSION The evaluation of NAFLD by the HSI index in patients with MetS might identify subjects with different prospective sensitivity to lifestyle changes in terms of physical HRQoL (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martínez-Urbistondo
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Diego Martínez-Urbistondo,
| | - Rodrigo San-Cristóbal
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Food, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación (CEI) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) + Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Villares
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nancy Babio
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus. Human Nutrition unit, Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis del Val
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ma Ordovás
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program. Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Food, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación (CEI) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) + Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture (JM_USDA) Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante. Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR). Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J. Luís Serra-Majem
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alba Marcos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Biomedical Research Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Network (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD. University Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Vanessa Bullón Vela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus. Human Nutrition unit, Reus, Spain
| | - Jose V. Sorli
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Masagué
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Anai Moreno-Rodríguez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR). Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Oscar Lecea Juárez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Portolés
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paco Martín
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus. Human Nutrition unit, Reus, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Zulet
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jessica Vaquero-Luna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Sayón Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Megías
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus. Human Nutrition unit, Reus, Spain
| | - Enric Baltasar
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Food, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación (CEI) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) + Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group. Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program. Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Food, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación (CEI) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) + Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Martins PRT, Moreira ASB, Santos EMD, Rodrigues LF, Weber B. Effect of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program on the Quality of Life of Atherosclerotic Disease Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20200087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Hejazi J, Hosseinpour-Niazi S, Yuzbashian E, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. The protective effects of dietary intake of flavonoids and its subclasses on metabolic syndrome incidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:116-126. [PMID: 34096437 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1928008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association between the intake of total flavonoids and flavonoid subclasses and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk and to assess the modulating effects of lifestyle factors on these associations. A total of 1915 participants from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study were followed-up during 2006-2008 and 2016-2018. Their dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and within three-year intervals afterward. Moreover, the modifying effect of weight gain on the association between total flavonoids and MetS was assessed by Cox regression analysis. Participants in the highest tertile of flavonoid, flavonol, and flavone had a significantly lower MetS risk as compared to those in the lowest tertile. Also, in participants with weight gain <7%, all flavonoid subclasses had a more pronounced risk-reducing effect. Overall, the total flavonoid, flavonol, and flavone reduced the risk of MetS; this association could be modified by weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Hejazi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Yuzbashian
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Picard K, Senior PA, Adame Perez S, Jindal K, Richard C, Mager DR. Low Mediterranean Diet scores are associated with reduced kidney function and health related quality of life but not other markers of cardiovascular risk in adults with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1445-1453. [PMID: 33812736 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS How Mediterranean-style diets impact cardiovascular and health outcomes in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well known. Our aim was to investigate the association between diet quality, using Mediterranean Diet Scores (MDS) and health outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a post-hoc analysis of an RCT and longitudinal study investigating patients with diabetes and CKD. MDS was calculated annually. Scores were analyzed for correlation with lipids, HbA1c, serum potassium, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and depression. 178 diet records from 50 patients who attended two or more visits were included. Mean MDS was moderate (4.1 ± 1.6) and stable over time. Stage 1-2 vs 3-5 CKD had lower raw MDS (3.8 ± 1.5 vs 4.6 ± 1.5, p < 0.001). Having hyperkalemia was associated with a lower raw MDS scores (3.6 ± 1.6 vs 4.2 ± 1.5, p = 0.03) but not energy adjusted MDS. MDS was not associated with HbA1c or lipids. High vs low MDS was associated with improved HRQOL (mental health 84.4 ± 14.3 vs 80.3 ± 17.1, p < 0.05; general health 62.6 ± 21.0 vs 56.3 ± 19.8, p < 0.001) and fewer depressive symptoms (9.1 ± 7.4 vs 11.7 ± 10.6, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Low MDS was associated with reduced kidney function and health related quality of life, but not other markers of cardiovascular risk. Further studies are needed to understand the nature and direction of the association between diet quality and disease outcomes in this population.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diet, Healthy
- Diet, Mediterranean
- Female
- Health Status
- Humans
- Kidney/physiopathology
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nutritive Value
- Patient Compliance
- Quality of Life
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diet therapy
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology
- Risk Assessment
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Picard
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Peter A Senior
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 9-114F Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6E 2E1, Canada
| | - Stephany Adame Perez
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Kailash Jindal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, 11-107 Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6E 2E1, Canada
| | - Caroline Richard
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Diana R Mager
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.
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9
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Casin KM, Calvert JW. Harnessing the Benefits of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030383. [PMID: 33806545 PMCID: PMC8000539 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. While various studies have shown the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-releasing drugs, few have demonstrated the influence of endogenous H2S production. Modulating the predominant enzymatic sources of H2S-cystathionine-β-synthase, cystathionine-γ-lyase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase-is an emerging and promising research area. This review frames the discussion of harnessing endogenous H2S within the context of a non-ischemic form of cardiomyopathy, termed diabetic cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Also, we examine the current literature around therapeutic interventions, such as intermittent fasting and exercise, that stimulate H2S production.
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10
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Caprara G. Mediterranean-Type Dietary Pattern and Physical Activity: The Winning Combination to Counteract the Rising Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020429. [PMID: 33525638 PMCID: PMC7910909 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (mainly cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and type 2 diabetes) are the main causes of death worldwide. Their burden is expected to rise in the future, especially in less developed economies and among the poor spread across middle- and high-income countries. Indeed, the treatment and prevention of these pathologies constitute a crucial challenge for public health. The major non-communicable diseases share four modifiable behavioral risk factors: unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco usage and excess of alcohol consumption. Therefore, the adoption of healthy lifestyles, which include not excessive alcohol intake, no smoking, a healthy diet and regular physical activity, represents a crucial and economical strategy to counteract the global NCDs burden. This review summarizes the latest evidence demonstrating that Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and physical activity are, alone and in combination, key interventions to both prevent and control the rise of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Caprara
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20139 Milano, Italy
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11
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Parameshwar A, Maiya GA, Kamath SU, Shastry BA. Lifestyle Modification with Physical Activity Promotion on Leptin Resistance and Quality of Life in Metabolic Syndrome - A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:345-355. [PMID: 32072915 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200211102917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study focused to systematically extract, summarize and analyse the data on the effect of lifestyle modification on leptin resistance and quality of life in metabolic syndrome. METHODS The systematic search was done using PubMed, Cochrane Database, EMBASE, Science Direct, CINAHL, Springer link, Web of Science from 2000-2018. English language articles and quantitative studies focusing on leptin resistance and quality of life were included. Random effect analysis was adopted to pool data and estimate 95% CI. The meta-analysis was done separately for leptin resistance and quality of life which included a total of 9 studies on both RCTs and Non-RCTs. RESULTS The meta-analysis of RCTs reported insignificant effect of lifestyle modification on leptin resistance in metabolic syndrome when compared to comparison group (-5.94(-14.28, 2.41). Two clinical trials showed a significant effect with pooled data (5.52(2.14, 8.91). Meta-analysis of RCTs focusing on quality of life showed significant effect on mental component (4.89 (0.16, 9.62) of quality of life (2.36 (-3.67, 8.39) when compared to comparison group. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that lifestyle modification has a potential to improve leptin resistance and mental component of quality of life in metabolic syndrome. However, more clearly defined studies are required to come to a stronger conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anche Parameshwar
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for Diabetic Foot Care & Research, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - G Arun Maiya
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for Diabetic Foot Care & Research, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shobha Ullas Kamath
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
| | - B Ananthakrishna Shastry
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal, India
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12
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Chen MZ, Wong MWK, Lim JY, Merchant RA. Frailty and Quality of Life in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome - Findings from the Healthy Older People Everyday (HOPE) Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:637-644. [PMID: 33949631 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and frailty are both associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Frailty is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) but association of QoL with MetS have produced mixed results suggesting that other factors such as disease burden, obesity and depression may have a more significant influence. We aim to investigate the demographics of frail participants with MetS, and relationship between frailty and QoL in MetS. METHODS Cross-sectional population study involving 292 older adults ≥ 65 years with MetS. MetS was defined using the Modified ATP III for Asians which requires the presence of 3 or more of the following 5 components 1) waist circumference ≥ 90cm for males or ≥ 80cm for females, 2) TG ≥ 150mg/dL, 3) HDLc < 40mg/dL in males or < 50mg/dL in females, 4) blood pressure ≥ 130/85mmHg or use of anti-hypertensive medication, and 5) fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100mg/dL or use of pharmacological treatment for diabetes mellitus. Data were collected on demographics, frailty (FRAIL), QoL (Euroqol-5D), perceived health, functional status, cognition, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), and hand-grip strength (HGS). RESULTS 40.4% of the participants were pre-frail (MetSprefrail) and 7.2% were frail (MetSfrail). MetSfrail were significantly older, had lower education level, higher polypharmacy burden and higher prevalence of diabetes. The prevalence of at least 1 activity of daily living impairment was 4 times higher, and depression 9 times higher than their robust counterparts. MetSfrail also had longer TUG, higher prevalence of poor grip strength and poor perceived health. After adjusting for age, gender and education, MetSfrail was significantly associated with much higher odds of EQ-5D moderate to extreme problems with mobility (Odds Ratio (OR) =10.99, CI 2.62-46.14), usual activities (OR=37.82, CI 3.77-379.04) and pain (OR=10.79, CI 3.18-36.62). EQ-5D Index Value and Perceived Health improved by 0.1 (Mean Difference (MD) =0.07, CI 0.04-0.10) and 6.0 (MD=6.01, CI 3.29-8.73) respectively as frailty status improved. CONCLUSION Frailty in MetS is associated with depression, polypharmacy, greater functional impairment, poorer QoL and perceived health. Frailty screening and personalized management is crucial in MetS as frailty may be a mediator for negative outcomes in MetS, and frailty may be reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Chen
- Associate Professor Reshma A Merchant, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, , Telephone number: +65 6779 5555
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Piovesan CH, Gustavo A, Macagnan FE, Saboya PP, Oliveira MDS, Bodanese LC, Ludwig MWB, Closs VE, Feoli AMP. The Effect of Different Interventions for Lifestyle Modifications on the Number of Diagnostic Criteria and Clinical Aspects of Metabolic Syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 19:8-17. [PMID: 33090083 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lifestyle intervention programs comprise the first-choice therapy to reduce the cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our aim was to compare the effects of three lifestyle modification programs on the number of diagnostic criteria and clinical parameters of MetS. Methods: Twelve-week clinical trial, including 125 adults who presented at least three of the criteria defined by the revised NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Panel III) for MetS. Individuals were randomized into three multidisciplinary intervention groups: Standard Intervention (SI), Group Intervention (GI) and Individual Intervention (II). Results: Seventy-one individuals, aged 34-59 years, concluded the study: SI: 20, GI: 25, and II: 26. The GI and II groups presented a significant decrease of body mass index, abdominal circumference, diastolic and systolic arterial pressure after intervention. The number of diagnostic criteria for MetS decreased significantly. Within the GI and II groups, 16.0% and 15.4% of the individuals, respectively, did not meet the criteria for the clinical condition studied at the end of the interventions. In the II group, the percentage of individuals with five criteria reduced 83.5%. In the GI group, the percentage of individuals with five criteria remained the same, but the number of individuals with four criteria presented a 50.0% reduction. Conclusions: Results reinforce that nonpharmacological strategies for changing lifestyle affect the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors existing in MetS. They are also able to remove the population from this clinical condition by decreasing the diagnostic criteria. II or GI lead to a successful treatment of MetS, especially when conducted by multidisciplinary team. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials-ReBEC number: RBR-9wz5fc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Haas Piovesan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andréia Gustavo
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Edler Macagnan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pozas Saboya
- Cardiology Service of Hospital São Lucas, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Margareth da Silva Oliveira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Bodanese
- Cardiology Service of Hospital São Lucas, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martha Wallig Brusius Ludwig
- Department of Contextual Behavioral Therapies, Center for Family and Individual Studies, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera Elizabeth Closs
- Biomedical Gerontology Graduate Program - Study Group on Cardiometabolic Risk, Aging and Nutrition - Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Pandolfo Feoli
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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El Mokhtari O, Anzid K, Hilali A, Cherkaoui M, Mora-Urda AI, Montero-López MDP, Levy-Desroches S. Impact of migration on dietary patterns and adherence to the Mediterranean diet among Northern Moroccan migrant adolescents in Madrid (Spain). MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-190382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oussama El Mokhtari
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan the First University, Settat, Morocco
| | - Karim Anzid
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abderraouf Hilali
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan the First University, Settat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Cherkaoui
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Ana Isabel Mora-Urda
- Departamento de Biología, Unidad de Antropología Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María del Pilar Montero-López
- Departamento de Biología, Unidad de Antropología Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Boidin M, Nigam A, Guilbeault V, Latour E, Langeard A, Juneau M, Gayda M. Eighteen months of combined Mediterranean diet and high-intensity interval training successfully maintained body mass loss in obese individuals. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 63:245-248. [PMID: 31981831 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boidin
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec, Canada; School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Guilbeault
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elise Latour
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Antoine Langeard
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec, Canada.
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Fernández Guijarro S, Pomarol-Clotet E, Rubio Muñoz MC, Miguel García C, Egea López E, Fernández Guijarro R, Castán Pérez L, Rigol Cuadra MA. Effectiveness of a community-based nurse-led lifestyle-modification intervention for people with serious mental illness and metabolic syndrome. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2019; 28:1328-1337. [PMID: 31411375 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of metabolic syndrome negatively affects the quality of life of people with serious mental illness. Experts agree on the need to evaluate the physical health of patients and intervene in modifiable risk factors, with emphasis on the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Interventions should include nutritional counselling and physical activity. This 24-week randomized trial evaluated the effects of a community-based nurse-led lifestyle-modification intervention in people with serious mental illness meeting metabolic syndrome criteria, and its impact on health-related quality of life and physical activity. Sixty-one participants from two community mental health centres were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention consisted of weekly group sessions, with 20 min of theoretical content and 60 min of nurse-led physical activity. Postintervention results between groups showed no differences in weight, waist circumference, fasting glucose, and systolic blood pressure. Differences in body mass index, triglyceride concentrations, and diastolic blood pressure were found to be significant (P = 0.010, P = 0.038, and P = 0.017). Participants who performed the intervention reported an increase in physical activity, which did not occur in the control group (P = 0.035), and also reported better health status (P < 0.001). Our intervention showed positive effects reducing participants' cardiovascular and metabolic risks and improving their physical activity and quality of life. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical trial led and carried out by mental health nurses in community mental health centres which takes into account the effects of a lifestyle intervention on every metabolic syndrome criterion, health-related quality of life, and physical activity.
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Pérez EA, González MP, Martínez-Espinosa RM, Vila MDM, Reig García-Galbis M. Practical Guidance for Interventions in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: Diet and Exercise vs. Changes in Body Composition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183481. [PMID: 31540536 PMCID: PMC6765968 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
(1) Objective: to establish practical guidance for the design of future clinical trials in MS (metabolic syndrome) patients aged 18 and older, based on a systematic review of randomized clinical trials connecting diet, physical exercise and changes in body composition. (2) Method: this systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCT) is based on the guidelines recommended by PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses). Criteria of selection: ≥18 years of age; patients diagnosed with MS; intervention programs including diet, physical exercise and/or modifications in the style of life as treatment, as well as the magnitude of changes in body composition (BC); randomized clinical trial published between 2004 and 2018. (3) Results: the multidisciplinary interventions describe major changes in BC, and the recurring pattern in these clinical trials is an energy reduction and control in the percentage of intake of macronutrients along with the performance of regularly structured exercise; the most analyzed parameter was waist circumference (88.9% of the trials), followed by body weight (85.2%), BMI (77.8%) and body fat (55.6%). (4) Conclusions: The analysis of the information here reported sheds light for the design of future clinical trials in adults with MS. The best anthropometric parameters and units of measurement to monitor the interventions are related to dietary and physical exercise interventions. A list of practical advice that is easy to implement in daily practice in consultation is here proposed in order to guarantee the best results in changes of body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences. University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Mariola D Molina Vila
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Reig García-Galbis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Atacama, Avda. Copayapu 2862, III Region, Copiapó 1530000, Chile.
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18
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AL-QAWASMEH RAWANH, TAYYEM REEMAF. Dietary and Lifestyle Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome: Literature Review. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.6.3.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered a threat to public health due to its rapid growing prevalence worldwide. MetS can result from interrelated metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and abdominal adiposity. Although the pathogenesis of this syndrome is not distinctly understood, it is strongly influenced by multiple genetic variations that interact with many environmental factors such as positive family history of MetS, adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns, low physical activity and smoking and that explain the variations in the prevalence of the MetS within and across populations. All of these factors were found to be associated with IR, obesity, and triglycerides elevation which therefore increase the risk of the MetS Several studies highlighted the effective preventive approach includes lifestyle changes, primarily losing weight, adopting healthy diet, and practicing exercise. All of the mentioned factors can reduce the risk of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- RAWAN H. AL-QAWASMEH
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Jordan
| | - REEMA F. TAYYEM
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Jordan
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O'Connor LE, Biberstine SL, Paddon-Jones D, Schwichtenberg AJ, Campbell WW. Adopting a Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern with Different Amounts of Lean Unprocessed Red Meat Does Not Influence Short-Term Subjective Personal Well-Being in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. J Nutr 2018; 148:1917-1923. [PMID: 30517731 PMCID: PMC7263834 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reducing red meat intake is commonly recommended. Limited observational studies suggest that healthy eating patterns with red meat are associated with improved quality of life. Objective The secondary objectives of this randomized crossover controlled-feeding trial were to assess the effects of following a Mediterranean-style eating pattern (Med-Pattern) with different amounts of red meat on indexes of personal well-being (i.e., perceived quality of life, mood, and sleep) in overweight or obese adults. We hypothesized that following a Med-Pattern would improve these outcomes, independent of red meat intake amount. Methods Forty-one participants [aged 46 ± 2 y; body mass index (kg/m2): 30.5 ± 0.6; n = 28 women, n = 13 men) were provided Med-Pattern foods for two 5-wk periods separated by 4 wk of self-selected eating. The Med-Red Pattern contained ∼500 g/wk (typical US intake), and the Med-Control Pattern contained ∼200 g/wk (commonly recommended intake in heart-healthy eating patterns) of lean, unprocessed beef or pork compensated with mainly poultry and dairy. Baseline and postintervention outcomes measured were perceived quality of life via the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-36v2), daily mood states via the Profile of Mood States (POMS), sleep perceptions via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and sleep patterns via actigraphy. Data were analyzed via a doubly repeated-measures ANOVA adjusted for age, sex, and body mass at each time point. Results Following a Med-Pattern did not change domains of physical health, mental health, total mood disturbances, sleep perceptions, and sleep patterns but improved subdomains of physical health role limitations (SF-36v2: 93.6-96.7%; P = 0.038), vitality (SF-36v2: 57.9-63.0%; P = 0.020), and fatigue (POMS: 2.9-2.5 arbitrary units; P = 0.039). There were no differences between the Med-Red and Med-Control Patterns (time × pattern, P-interaction > 0.05). Conclusion Following a Med-Pattern, independent of lean, unprocessed red meat intake, may not be an effective short-term strategy to meaningfully improve indexes of personal well-being in adults who are overweight or obese. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02573129.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Douglas Paddon-Jones
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - A J Schwichtenberg
- Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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20
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Malakou E, Linardakis M, Armstrong MEG, Zannidi D, Foster C, Johnson L, Papadaki A. The Combined Effect of Promoting the Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity on Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111577. [PMID: 30366431 PMCID: PMC6267322 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhering to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and physical activity (PA) public health guidelines have independently been linked to health benefits in adults. These behaviours form essential components of the traditional Mediterranean lifestyle. However, their combined effect on metabolic risk has not been systematically assessed. This systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO; CRD42017073958) aimed to examine, for the first time, the combined effect of promoting the MD and PA compared with no treatment, treatment with MD or PA alone, or a different dietary and/or PA treatment, and estimate its magnitude on metabolic risk factors. Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science were systematically searched until March 2018 for English language controlled interventions reporting the combined effects of the MD and PA on one or multiple metabolic risk factors in adults. Two researchers independently conducted data extraction and risk of bias assessment using a rigorous methodology. Reporting followed PRISMA guidelines. Quality of reporting and risk of bias were assessed using the CONSORT guidelines and the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool, respectively. Data from 12 articles reporting 11 randomised controlled trials (n = 1684) were included in the qualitative synthesis; across them, risk of bias was considered low, unclear and high for 42%, 25% and 33% of domains, respectively. Between-study heterogeneity ranged from 44% (triglycerides) to 98% (insulin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-cholesterol). Compared to a control condition, there was strong evidence (p < 0.001) of a beneficial effect of promoting the MD and PA on body weight (−3.68 kg, 95% CI (confidence intervals) −5.48, −1.89), body mass index (−0.64 kg/m2, 95% CI −1.10, −0.18), waist circumference (−1.62 cm, 95% CI −2.58, −0.66), systolic (−0.83 mmHg, 95% CI −1.57, −0.09) and diastolic blood pressure (−1.96 mmHg, 95% CI −2.57, −1.35), HOMA-IR index (−0.90, 95% CI −1.22, −0.58), blood glucose (−7.32 mg/dL, 95% CI −9.82, −4.82), triglycerides (−18.47 mg/dL, 95% CI −20.13, −16.80), total cholesterol (−6.30 mg/dL, 95% CI −9.59, −3.02) and HDL-cholesterol (+3.99 mg/dL, 95% CI 1.22, 6.77). There was no evidence of an effect on insulin concentrations. The data presented here provide systematically identified evidence that concurrently promoting the MD and PA is likely to provide an opportunity for metabolic risk reduction. However, due to the high degree of heterogeneity, most likely due to the variation in control group treatment, and the small number of included studies, findings from the pooled analysis should be interpreted with caution. These findings also highlight the need for high quality randomised controlled trials examining the combined effect of the MD and PA on metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Malakou
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.
| | - Miranda Elaine Glynis Armstrong
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Dimitra Zannidi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, Kallithea 176 76, Athens, Greece.
| | - Charlie Foster
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, UK.
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21
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Garcia-Silva J, N Navarrete N, Peralta-Ramírez MI, García-Sánchez A, Ferrer-González MÁ, Caballo VE. Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:896-904. [PMID: 30100127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Verify the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTION In the Multimodal Intervention Program for Patients with Metabolic Syndrome clinical trial, 79 MetS patients completed the intervention. Of those, 48 belonged to the experimental group and 31 to the control group. The intervention received by the experimental group was CBT; the control group followed usual care and attended a workshop on healthy lifestyle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) AND ANALYSIS Anthropometric, biochemical, psychological, and lifestyle measures were taken before and after the intervention at 3 and 6 months. Analyses included paired t tests, ANOVA, and ANCOVA. RESULTS The ANOVA results showed a statistically significant interaction between the 2 groups in waist circumference (P = .009), triglycerides (P = .015), and adherence to the MedDiet (P = .026). The ANCOVA results indicated between-group difference in waist circumference (P = .026 and .062 at 3 and 6months, respectively), in triglycerides (P = .009 and .860 at 3 and 6 months, respectively), and in MedDiet (P = .024 and .273 at 3 and 6 months, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In interventions in which CBT was applied, significant improvements were observed in MetS patients, especially in adherence to the MedDiet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Garcia-Silva
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Nuria N Navarrete
- Clinical Management Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Isabel Peralta-Ramírez
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIMCYC: Centre for Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Sánchez
- Clinical Management Unit of Rheumatology, University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Vicente E Caballo
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIMCYC: Centre for Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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22
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Caprara G. Diet and longevity: The effects of traditional eating habits on human lifespan extension. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the dawn of time human beings have been trying to improve the quality of the existence and extend their lifespan. Genetic, environmental, behavioral and dietary factors influence the pathways that regulate aging and life expectancy, thus rendering longevity a very complex phenomenon. Although a long-lived elixir has not yet been found, physicians and scientists agree that nutrition has a major impact on the overall mortality and morbidity, hence becoming the subject of a widespread scientific research. This review describes, analyzes and compares the effects of different types of diets in reducing the onset of typical Western countries non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (cardiovascular diseases, tumors, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, etc.), thus increasing the average lifespan. It will first depict the most relevant characteristics, nutraceutical properties and effects on the populations of the Mediterranean, Japanese, Vegetarian and New Nordic Diet. Finally, it will describe the impact of different dietary restrictions in modulating the genetic pathways that regulate metabolism and aging. Overall, this work reinforces the evidence that specific eating habits, in addition to healthy and active lifestyles, are crucial to increase people’s health span and to achieve an optimal longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Caprara
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
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23
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De Gregori M, Belfer I, De Giorgio R, Marchesini M, Muscoli C, Rondanelli M, Martini D, Mena P, Arranz LI, Lorente-Cebrián S, Perna S, Villarini A, Salamone M, Allegri M, Schatman ME. Second edition of SIMPAR's "Feed Your Destiny" workshop: the role of lifestyle in improving pain management. J Pain Res 2018; 11:1627-1636. [PMID: 30214272 PMCID: PMC6118253 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s160660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is aimed to summarize the latest data regarding pain and nutrition, which have emerged during the second edition of Feed Your Destiny (FYD). Theme presentations and interactive discussions were held at a workshop on March 30, 2017, in Florence, Italy, during the 9th Annual Meeting of Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research, where an international faculty, including recognized experts in nutrition and pain, reported the scientific evidence on this topic from various perspectives. Presentations were divided into two sections. In the initial sessions, we analyzed the outcome variables and methods of measurement for health claims pertaining to pain proposed under Regulation EC No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods. Moreover, we evaluated how the Mediterranean diet can have a potential impact on pain, gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, cancer, and aging. Second, we discussed the evidence regarding vitamin D as a nutraceutical that may contribute to pain control, evaluating the interindividual variability of pain nature and nurture, and the role of micro-RNAs (miRNAs), polyunsaturated omega 3 fatty acids, and phenolic compounds, with a final revision of the clinical role of nutrition in tailoring pain therapy. The key take-home message provided by the FYD workshop was that a balanced, personalized nutritional regimen might play a role as a synergic strategy that can improve management of chronic pain through a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela De Gregori
- Pain Therapy Service, Fondazione IRCCS Polclinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy, .,Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Young Against Pain Group, Parma, Italy,
| | - Inna Belfer
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nuovo Arcispedale S. Anna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Marchesini
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Young Against Pain Group, Parma, Italy, .,Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy Service, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Parma, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Department of Public Health, Section of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Isabel Arranz
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Lorente-Cebrián
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Public Health, Section of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Villarini
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Salamone
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Science department, Metagenics Italia srl, Milano, Italy.,Società internazionale di Neuropsicocardiologia, Trapani, Italy
| | - Massimo Allegri
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Anesthesia and Intensive Care Service - IRCCS MultiMedica Hospital, Sesto San Giovanni, Milano, Italy
| | - Michael E Schatman
- Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research Group, Parma, Italy, .,Research and Network Development, Boston Pain Care, Waltham, MA, USA.,Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Lemes ÍR, Turi-Lynch BC, Cavero-Redondo I, Linares SN, Monteiro HL. Aerobic training reduces blood pressure and waist circumference and increases HDL-c in metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 12:580-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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O'Connor LE, Paddon-Jones D, Wright AJ, Campbell WW. A Mediterranean-style eating pattern with lean, unprocessed red meat has cardiometabolic benefits for adults who are overweight or obese in a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:33-40. [PMID: 29901710 PMCID: PMC6600057 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A Mediterranean-style eating pattern (Mediterranean Pattern) is often described as being low in red meat. Research shows that lean, unprocessed red meat can be incorporated into healthy eating patterns to improve cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors. Objective We assessed the effects of consuming different amounts of lean, unprocessed red meat in a Mediterranean Pattern on CMD risk factors. We hypothesized that consuming a Mediterranean Pattern would improve CMD risk factors and that red meat intake would not influence these improvements. Design In an investigator-blinded, randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial, 41 subjects [mean ± SD age: 46 ± 2 y; mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 30.5 ± 0.6] were provided with a Mediterranean Pattern for two 5-wk interventions separated by 4 wk of self-selected eating. The Mediterranean Patterns contained ∼500 g [typical US intake (Med-Red)] and ∼200 g [commonly recommended intake in heart-healthy eating patterns (Med-Control)] of lean, unprocessed beef or pork per week. Red meat intake was compensated by poultry and other protein-rich foods. Baseline and postintervention outcomes included fasting blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, and ambulatory blood pressure. The presented results were adjusted for age, sex, and body mass at each time point (P < 0.05). Results Total cholesterol decreased, but greater reductions occurred with Med-Red than with Med-Control (-0.4 ± 0.1 and -0.2 ±0.1 mmol/L, respectively, intervention × time = 0.045]. Low-density lipoprotein decreased with Med-Red but was unchanged with Med-Control [-0.3 ± 0.1 and -0.1 ± 0.1 mmol/L, respectively, intervention × time = 0.038], whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations decreased nondifferentially [-0.1 ± 0.0 mmol/L]. Triglycerides, total cholesterol:HDL, glucose, and insulin did not change with either Med-Red or Med-Control. All blood pressure parameters improved, except during sleep, independent of the red meat intake amount. Conclusions Adults who are overweight or moderately obese may improve multiple cardiometabolic disease risk factors by adopting a Mediterranean-style eating pattern with or without reductions in red meat intake when red meats are lean and unprocessed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02573129.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E O'Connor
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Douglas Paddon-Jones
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Amy J Wright
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Wayne W Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN,Address correspondence to WWC (e-mail: )
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26
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Wewege MA, Thom JM, Rye KA, Parmenter BJ. Aerobic, resistance or combined training: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis 2018; 274:162-171. [PMID: 29783064 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exercise is beneficial to individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). An understudied group, who represent the majority of the MetS population, are individuals who have not developed diabetes. This review examined aerobic, resistance and combined (aerobic + resistance) exercise for cardiovascular risk factors in MetS without diabetes. METHODS Eight electronic databases were searched up to September 2017 for randomised controlled trials >4 weeks in duration that compared an exercise intervention to the non-exercise control in MetS without diabetes. MetS criteria, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors were meta-analysed in a random effects model. RESULTS Eleven studies with 16 interventions were included (12 aerobic, 4 resistance). Aerobic exercise significantly improved waist circumference -3.4 cm (p < 0.01), fasting glucose -0.15 mmol/L (p = 0.03), high-density cholesterol 0.05 mmol/L (p = 0.02), triglycerides -0.29 mmol/L (p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure -1.6 mmHg (p = 0.01), and cardiorespiratory fitness 4.2 ml/kg/min (p < 0.01), among other outcomes. No significant effects were determined following resistance exercise possibly due to limited data. Sub-analyses suggested that aerobic exercise progressed to vigorous intensity, and conducted 3 days/week for ≥12 weeks offered larger and more widespread improvements. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise following current guidelines offers widespread benefits to individuals with MetS without diabetes. More studies on resistance/combined exercise programs in MetS are required to improve the quality of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Wewege
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jeanette M Thom
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Belinda J Parmenter
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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27
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Petek D, Petek-Ster M, Tusek-Bunc K. Health behavior and health-related quality of life in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Zdr Varst 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/sjph-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) is measuring a patient’s experience of his health status and represents an outcome of medical interventions. Existing data proves that a healthy lifestyle is positively associated with HRQoL in all age groups. Patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease typically led an unhealthy lifestyle combined with risk diseases. We aimed to analyse these characteristics and their reflection in HRQoL.MethodsA cross-sectional study in 36 family practices, stratified by location and size. Each practice invited 30 high-risk patients from the register. Data were obtained from medical records and patient questionnaire. The EQ-5D questionnaire and the VAS scale were used for measuring the patient’s HRQoL as an independent variable.Results871 patients (80.6% response rate) were included in the analysis. 60.0% had 3-4 uncontrolled risk factors for CVD. The average VAS scale was 63.2 (SD 19.4). The correlation of EQ-5D was found in the number of visits in the practice (r=-0.31, p<0.001), the socioeconomic status (r=-0.25, p=0.001), age (r=-0.27, p=0.001) and healthy diet (r=0.20, p=0.006). In a multivariate model, only physical activity among lifestyle characteristics was an independent predictor of HRQoL (p=0.001, t=3.3), along with the frequency of visits (p<0.001, t=-5.3) and age (p=0.025, t=-2.2).ConclusionThis study has been performed on a specific group of patients, not being “really sick”, but having less optimal lifestyle in many cases. Encouragement to improve or keep healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity, is important, not only to lower the risk for CVD, but also to improve HRQoL.
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28
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Health Behavior and Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with a High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Zdr Varst 2018; 57:39-46. [PMID: 29651314 PMCID: PMC5894368 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is measuring a patient’s experience of his health status and represents an outcome of medical interventions. Existing data proves that a healthy lifestyle is positively associated with HRQoL in all age groups. Patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease typically led an unhealthy lifestyle combined with risk diseases. We aimed to analyse these characteristics and their reflection in HRQoL. Methods A cross-sectional study in 36 family practices, stratified by location and size. Each practice invited 30 high-risk patients from the register. Data were obtained from medical records and patient questionnaire. The EQ-5D questionnaire and the VAS scale were used for measuring the patient’s HRQoL as an independent variable. Results 871 patients (80.6% response rate) were included in the analysis. 60.0% had 3-4 uncontrolled risk factors for CVD. The average VAS scale was 63.2 (SD 19.4). The correlation of EQ-5D was found in the number of visits in the practice (r=-0.31, p<0.001), the socioeconomic status (r=-0.25, p=0.001), age (r=-0.27, p=0.001) and healthy diet (r=0.20, p=0.006). In a multivariate model, only physical activity among lifestyle characteristics was an independent predictor of HRQoL (p=0.001, t=3.3), along with the frequency of visits (p<0.001, t=-5.3) and age (p=0.025, t=-2.2). Conclusion This study has been performed on a specific group of patients, not being “really sick”, but having less optimal lifestyle in many cases. Encouragement to improve or keep healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity, is important, not only to lower the risk for CVD, but also to improve HRQoL.
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29
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Alkhatib A, Tsang C, Tiss A, Bahorun T, Arefanian H, Barake R, Khadir A, Tuomilehto J. Functional Foods and Lifestyle Approaches for Diabetes Prevention and Management. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1310. [PMID: 29194424 PMCID: PMC5748760 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional foods contain biologically active ingredients associated with physiological health benefits for preventing and managing chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A regular consumption of functional foods may be associated with enhanced anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, insulin sensitivity, and anti-cholesterol functions, which are considered integral to prevent and manage T2DM. Components of the Mediterranean diet (MD)-such as fruits, vegetables, oily fish, olive oil, and tree nuts-serve as a model for functional foods based on their natural contents of nutraceuticals, including polyphenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, pigments, and unsaturated fatty acids. Polyphenols within MD and polyphenol-rich herbs-such as coffee, green tea, black tea, and yerba maté-have shown clinically-meaningful benefits on metabolic and microvascular activities, cholesterol and fasting glucose lowering, and anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation in high-risk and T2DM patients. However, combining exercise with functional food consumption can trigger and augment several metabolic and cardiovascular protective benefits, but it is under-investigated in people with T2DM and bariatric surgery patients. Detecting functional food benefits can now rely on an "omics" biological profiling of individuals' molecular, genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, but is under-investigated in multi-component interventions. A personalized approach for preventing and managing T2DM should consider biological and behavioral models, and embed nutrition education as part of lifestyle diabetes prevention studies. Functional foods may provide additional benefits in such an approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alkhatib
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
| | - Catherine Tsang
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Ali Tiss
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
| | - Theeshan Bahorun
- ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | | | - Roula Barake
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
| | | | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Medical Nutrition Therapy and Weight Loss Questions for the Evidence Analysis Library Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Project: Systematic Reviews. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117:1578-1611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Türk Y, Theel W, Kasteleyn MJ, Franssen FME, Hiemstra PS, Rudolphus A, Taube C, Braunstahl GJ. High intensity training in obesity: a Meta-analysis. Obes Sci Pract 2017; 3:258-271. [PMID: 29071102 PMCID: PMC5598019 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction High Intensity training (HIT) is a time‐effective alternative to traditional exercise programs in adults with obesity, but the superiority in terms of improving cardiopulmonary fitness and weight loss has not been demonstrated. Objective to determine the effectiveness of HIT on cardiopulmonary fitness and body composition in adults with obesity compared to traditional (high volume continuous) exercise. Methods A systematic search of the main health science databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials comparing HIT with traditional forms of exercise in people with obesity. Eighteen studies were included in the meta‐analysis. The (unstandardized) mean difference of each outcome parameters was calculated and pooled with the random effects model. Results HIT resulted in greater improvement of cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2max) (MD 1.83, 95% CI 0.70, 2.96, p<0.005; I2=31%) and a greater reduction of %body fat (MD ‐1.69, 95% CI ‐3.10, ‐0.27, p=0.02, I2=30%) compared to traditional exercise. Overall effect for BMI was not different between HIT and traditional exercise. Conclusion Training at high intensity is superior to improve cardiopulmonary fitness and to reduce %body fat in adults with obesity compared to traditional exercise. Future studies are needed to design specific HIT programs for the obese with regard to optimal effect and long‐term adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Türk
- Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - W Theel
- Department of Physiotherapy Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - M J Kasteleyn
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - F M E Franssen
- Department of Research and Education Horn The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - A Rudolphus
- Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - C Taube
- Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - G J Braunstahl
- Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
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Saboya PP, Bodanese LC, Zimmermann PR, Gustavo ADS, Macagnan FE, Feoli AP, Oliveira MDS. Lifestyle Intervention on Metabolic Syndrome and its Impact on Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 108:60-69. [PMID: 27982160 PMCID: PMC5245849 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle intervention programs can reduce the prevalence of metabolic
syndrome (MetS) and, therefore, reduce the risk for cardiac disease, one of
the main public health problems nowadays. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three types of approach
for lifestyle change programs in the reduction of metabolic parameters, and
to identify its impact on the quality of life (QOL) of individuals with
MetS. Methods A randomized controlled trial included 72 individuals with MetS aged 30-59
years. Individuals were randomized into three groups of multidisciplinary
intervention [Standard Intervention (SI) - control group; Group Intervention
(GI); and Individual Intervention (II)] during 12 weeks. The primary outcome
was change in the metabolic parameters, and secondarily, the improvement in
QOL measures at three moments: baseline, 3 and 9 months. Results Group and individual interventions resulted in a significant reduction in
body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure at 3 months
and the improvement of QOL, although it was significantly associated with
the physical functioning domain. However, these changes did not remain 6
months after the end of intervention. Depression and anxiety were
significantly associated with worse QOL, although they showed no effect on
the response to intervention. Conclusion Multidisciplinary intervention, especially in a group, might be an effective
and economically feasible strategy in the control of metabolic parameters of
MetS and improvement of QOL compared to SI, even in a dose-effect
relationship.
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Sosner P, Bosquet L, Herpin D, Guilbeault V, Latour E, Paquette-Tannir L, Juneau M, Nigam A, Gayda M. Net Blood Pressure Reduction Following 9 Months of Lifestyle and High-Intensity Interval Training Intervention in Individuals With Abdominal Obesity. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18:1128-1134. [PMID: 27126546 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The authors aimed to study the impact of a combined 9-month lifestyle program (Mediterranean diet nutritional counselling, and high-intensity interval training twice a week) on blood pressure (BP) in individuals with abdominal obesity, taking into account the regression-to-the-mean phenomena. A total of 115 participants (53±9 years; 84 women; waist circumference [WC]: 111±13 cm; systolic/diastolic BP [SBP/DBP]: 133±13/82±8 mm Hg; 13% diabetics; 12% smokers; and 30% taking antihypertensive therapy) were retrospectively analyzed before and after the program. After 9 months, we observed an improvement in weight (-5.2±5.6 kg) and WC (-6.3±6.0 cm), and an average SBP/DBP net decrease of -5.1±13.7/-2.8±8.7 mm Hg. These changes were not uniform: 67 participants (58%) decreased their SBP by 2 mm Hg or more. The characteristics of responders included a higher baseline BP than nonresponders (SBP/DBP: 137.2±13.7/83.1±7.3 mm Hg vs 127.0±10.3/80.0±7.3 mm Hg, P<.05) and a higher proportion of participants with a baseline BP ≥130/85 mm Hg (81% vs 52%, P=.001) or with the metabolic syndrome (75% vs 54%, P=.02).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Sosner
- Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France. .,Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada. .,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. .,Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Poitiers, Poitiers, France. .,Sports Medicine Centre "Mon Stade", Paris, France.
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Herpin
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Valérie Guilbeault
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elise Latour
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laurie Paquette-Tannir
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Safdar A, Saleem A, Tarnopolsky MA. The potential of endurance exercise-derived exosomes to treat metabolic diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2016; 12:504-17. [PMID: 27230949 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Endurance exercise-mediated multisystemic adaptations are known to mitigate metabolism-related disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that promote crosstalk between organs and orchestrate the pro-metabolic effects of endurance exercise remain unclear. Exercise-induced release of peptides and nucleic acids from skeletal muscle and other organs (collectively termed 'exerkines') has been implicated in mediating these systemic adaptations. Given that the extracellular milieu is probably not a hospitable environment for labile exerkines, a lipid vehicle-based mode of delivery has originated over the course of evolution. Two types of extracellular vesicles, exosomes and microvesicles, have been shown to contain proteins and nucleic acids that participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Exosomes, in particular, have been shown to facilitate the exchange of peptides, microRNA, mRNA and mitochondrial DNA between cells and tissues. Intriguingly, circulatory extracellular vesicle content increases in an intensity-dependant manner in response to endurance exercise. We propose that the systemic benefits of exercise are modulated by exosomes and/or microvesicles functioning in an autocrine, paracrine and/or endocrine manner. Furthermore, we posit that native or modified exosomes, and/or microvesicles enriched with exerkines will have therapeutic utility in the treatment of obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Safdar
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Ayesha Saleem
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Mark A Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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35
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The Mediterranean Lifestyle as a Non-Pharmacological and Natural Antioxidant for Healthy Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:719-36. [PMID: 26783955 PMCID: PMC4712942 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4040719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been suggested to affect age-associated physiological dysfunction. Therefore, it is speculated that antioxidant supplements could have a potential role in preventing age-related diseases and death. Among different dietary habits, the highly antioxidant Mediterranean dietary pattern, which includes high vegetable and fruit intake, consumption of legumes, cereals, and fish, low intake of meat and dairy derivatives, moderate red wine consumption, and use of extra-virgin olive oil, is characterized by other aspects than food, such as conviviality, sensory stimulation, socialization, biodiversity, and seasonality that can reinforce the Mediterranean diet’s (MeD) beneficial effects on wellbeing, quality of life, and healthy aging. The present review aims to discuss available data on the relationship between oxidative stress and aging, biomarkers of oxidative stress status, protective effects of the MeD, and the adoption of the Mediterranean lifestyle as a non-pharmacological and natural tool to cope with oxidative stress damage for a longer life span, and—even more important—healthy aging beyond the biological, psychological, and social challenges that old age entails.
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Boidin M, Lapierre G, Paquette Tanir L, Nigam A, Juneau M, Guilbeault V, Latour E, Gayda M. Effect of aquatic interval training with Mediterranean diet counseling in obese patients: results of a preliminary study. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2015; 58:269-75. [PMID: 26233941 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous studies have investigated a high-intensity interval training program (HIIT) with an immersed ergocycle and Mediterranean diet counseling (Med) in obese patients. We aimed to compare the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention, Med and HIIT with a water-immersed versus dryland ergocycle, on cardiometabolic and exercise parameters in obese patients. METHODS We retrospectively identified 95 obese patients at their entry into a 9-month Med and HIIT program: 21 were trained on a water-immersed ergocycle and 74 on a standard dryland ergocycle. Body composition, cardiometabolic and exercise parameters were measured before and after the program. RESULTS For obese patients performing water- and dryland-exercise (mean age 58±9 years versus 55±7 years), BMI was higher for the water- than dryland-exercise group (39.4±8.3kg/m(2) versus 34.7±5.1kg/m(2), P<0.05), and total fat mass, fasting glycemia and triglycerides level were higher (P<0.05). Both groups showed similarly improved body composition variables (body mass, waist circumference, fat mass, P<0.001), fasting glycemia and triglycerides level (P<0.05). Initial maximal aerobic capacity (metabolic equivalents [METs]) and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were lower for the water- than dryland-exercise group (P<0.05). For both groups, METs, resting HR, resting blood pressure, abdominal and leg muscle endurance were similarly improved (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A long-term Mediterranean diet and HIIT program with water-cycling is as effective as a dryland program in improving body composition, fasting glucose, triglycerides level, blood pressure and fitness in obese patients. A Mediterranean diet combined with water-cycling HIIT may be efficient for severely obese patients at high risk of musculoskeletal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boidin
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lapierre
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurie Paquette Tanir
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Guilbeault
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elise Latour
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular and Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Erez A, Kivity S, Berkovitch A, Milwidsky A, Klempfner R, Segev S, Goldenberg I, Sidi Y, Maor E. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk may be modulated by known cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J 2015; 169:916-923.e1. [PMID: 26027631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate whether reduced cardiovascular fitness has a direct or indirect effect for the development of cardiovascular disease. METHODS We investigated 15,595 men and women who were annually screened in a tertiary medical center. All subjects were free of ischemic heart disease and had completed maximal exercise stress test according to the Bruce protocol at their first visit. Fitness was categorized into age- and sex-specific quintiles (Q) according to Bruce protocol treadmill time with Q1 as lowest fitness. Subjects were categorized at baseline into 3 groups: low fitness (Q1), moderate fitness (Q2-Q4), and high fitness (Q5). The primary end point of the current analysis was the development of a first cardiovascular event during follow-up. RESULTS Mean age of study patients was 48 ± 10 years, and 73% were men. A total of 679 events occurred during 92,092 person-years of follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative probability of cardiovascular events at 6 years was significantly higher among subjects with low fitness (P < .001). Low fitness was associated with known cardiovascular risk factors, including hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.58, 95% CI 1.31-1.89), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.58-3.41), and obesity (OR 10.46, 95% CI 8.43-12.98). The effect of low fitness on cardiovascular events was no longer significant when including diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity as mediators (hazard ratio 0.99, 95% CI 0.82-1.19). CONCLUSIONS The association between cardiovascular fitness and adverse cardiovascular outcomes may be modulated through traditional cardiovascular risk factors. These findings need to be further validated in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Erez
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Shaye Kivity
- Department of Internal Medicine C, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anat Berkovitch
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Assi Milwidsky
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Robert Klempfner
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shlomo Segev
- Institute for Medical Screening, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ilan Goldenberg
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yechezkel Sidi
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Maor
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Influence of regular exercise on body fat and eating patterns of patients with intermittent claudication. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11339-54. [PMID: 25993298 PMCID: PMC4463703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the impact of regular supervised exercise on body fat, assessed via anthropometry, and eating patterns of peripheral arterial disease patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Body fat, eating patterns and walking ability were assessed in 11 healthy adults (Control) and age- and mass-matched IC patients undertaking usual care (n = 10; IC-Con) or supervised exercise (12-months; n = 10; IC-Ex). At entry, all groups exhibited similar body fat and eating patterns. Maximal walking ability was greatest for Control participants and similar for IC-Ex and IC-Con patients. Supervised exercise resulted in significantly greater improvements in maximal walking ability (IC-Ex 148%-170% vs. IC-Con 29%-52%) and smaller increases in body fat (IC-Ex -2.1%-1.4% vs. IC-Con 8.4%-10%). IC-Con patients exhibited significantly greater increases in body fat compared with Control at follow-up (8.4%-10% vs. -0.6%-1.4%). Eating patterns were similar for all groups at follow-up. The current study demonstrated that regular, supervised exercise significantly improved maximal walking ability and minimised increase in body fat amongst IC patients without changes in eating patterns. The study supports the use of supervised exercise to minimize cardiovascular risk amongst IC patients. Further studies are needed to examine the additional value of other lifestyle interventions such as diet modification.
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39
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Strohacker K, Fazzino D, Breslin WL, Xu X. The use of periodization in exercise prescriptions for inactive adults: A systematic review. Prev Med Rep 2015; 2:385-96. [PMID: 26844095 PMCID: PMC4721364 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodization of exercise is a method typically used in sports training, but the impact of periodized exercise on health outcomes in untrained adults is unclear. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize existing research wherein aerobic or resistance exercise was prescribed to inactive adults using a recognized periodization method. METHODS A search of relevant databases, conducted between January and February of 2014, yielded 21 studies published between 2000 and 2013 that assessed the impact of periodized exercise on health outcomes in untrained participants. RESULTS Substantial heterogeneity existed between studies, even under the same periodization method. Compared to baseline values or non-training control groups, prescribing periodized resistance or aerobic exercise yielded significant improvements in health outcomes related to traditional and emerging risk factors for cardiovascular disease, low-back and neck/shoulder pain, disease severity, and quality of life, with mixed results for increasing bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS Although it is premature to conclude that periodized exercise is superior to non-periodized exercise for improving health outcomes, periodization appears to be a feasible means of prescribing exercise to inactive adults within an intervention setting. Further research is necessary to understand the effectiveness of periodizing aerobic exercise, the psychological effects of periodization, and the feasibility of implementing flexible non-linear methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Strohacker
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sports Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Daniel Fazzino
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sports Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Whitney L. Breslin
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaomeng Xu
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, United States
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40
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Marquis-Gravel G, Hayami D, Juneau M, Nigam A, Guilbeault V, Latour É, Gayda M. Intensive lifestyle intervention including high-intensity interval training program improves insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose in obese patients. Prev Med Rep 2015; 2:314-8. [PMID: 26844086 PMCID: PMC4721397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To analyze the effects of a long-term intensive lifestyle intervention including high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Mediterranean diet (MedD) counseling on glycemic control parameters, insulin resistance and β-cell function in obese subjects. Methods The glycemic control parameters (fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin), insulin resistance, and β-cell function of 72 obese subjects (54 women; mean age = 53 ± 9 years) were assessed at baseline and upon completion of a 9-month intensive lifestyle intervention program conducted at the cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation center of the Montreal Heart Institute, from 2009 to 2012. The program included 2–3 weekly supervised exercise training sessions (HIIT and resistance exercise), combined to MedD counseling. Results Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) (before: 5.5 ± 0.9; after: 5.2 ± 0.6; P < 0.0001), fasting insulin (pmol/L) (before: 98 ± 57; after: 82 ± 43; P = 0.003), and insulin resistance, as assessed by the HOMA-IR score (before: 3.6 ± 2.5; after: 2.8 ± 1.6; P = 0.0008) significantly improved, but not HbA1c (%) (before: 5.72 ± 0.55; after: 5.69 ± 0.39; P = 0.448), nor β-cell function (HOMA-β, %) (before: 149 ± 78; after: 144 ± 75; P = 0.58). Conclusion Following a 9-month intensive lifestyle intervention combining HIIT and MedD counseling, obese subjects experienced significant improvements of FPG and insulin resistance. This is the first study to expose the effects of a long-term program combining HIIT and MedD on glycemic control parameters among obese subjects. High-intensity interval training and Mediterranean diet improves glycemic parameters in obese subjects. Patients with insulin resistance benefit the most from this program. This is the first study to confirm these long-term benefits with such a program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Marquis-Gravel
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Douglas Hayami
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Guilbeault
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Élise Latour
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Scuteri A, Laurent S, Cucca F, Cockcroft J, Cunha PG, Mañas LR, Mattace Raso FU, Muiesan ML, Ryliškytė L, Rietzschel E, Strait J, Vlachopoulos C, Völzke H, Lakatta EG, Nilsson PM. Metabolic syndrome across Europe: different clusters of risk factors. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2015; 22:486-91. [PMID: 24647805 PMCID: PMC4544872 DOI: 10.1177/2047487314525529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains a controversial entity. Specific clusters of MetS components - rather than MetS per se - are associated with accelerated arterial ageing and with cardiovascular (CV) events. To investigate whether the distribution of clusters of MetS components differed cross-culturally, we studied 34,821 subjects from 12 cohorts from 10 European countries and one cohort from the USA in the MARE (Metabolic syndrome and Arteries REsearch) Consortium. METHODS In accordance with the ATP III criteria, MetS was defined as an alteration three or more of the following five components: elevated glucose (G), fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dl; low HDL cholesterol, < 40mg/dl for men or <50 mg/dl for women; high triglycerides (T), ≥150 mg/dl; elevated blood pressure (B), ≥130/≥85 mmHg; abdominal obesity (W), waist circumference >102 cm for men or >88 cm for women. RESULTS MetS had a 24.3% prevalence (8468 subjects: 23.9% in men vs. 24.6% in women, p < 0.001) with an age-associated increase in its prevalence in all the cohorts. The age-adjusted prevalence of the clusters of MetS components previously associated with greater arterial and CV burden differed across countries (p < 0.0001) and in men and women (p < 0.0001). In details, the cluster TBW was observed in 12% of the subjects with MetS, but was far more common in the cohorts from the UK (32.3%), Sardinia in Italy (19.6%), and Germany (18.5%) and less prevalent in the cohorts from Sweden (1.2%), Spain (2.6%), and the USA (2.5%). The cluster GBW accounted for 12.7% of subjects with MetS with higher occurrence in Southern Europe (Italy, Spain, and Portugal: 31.4, 18.4, and 17.1% respectively) and in Belgium (20.4%), than in Northern Europe (Germany, Sweden, and Lithuania: 7.6, 9.4, and 9.6% respectively). CONCLUSIONS The analysis of the distribution of MetS suggested that what follows under the common definition of MetS is not a unique entity rather a constellation of cluster of MetS components, likely selectively risky for CV disease, whose occurrence differs across countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephane Laurent
- INSERM U970, Paris, France University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Lorenza Muiesan
- Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy 2° Medicina Generale Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ligita Ryliškytė
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariškių Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Exercise and oxidative stress: potential effects of antioxidant dietary strategies in sports. Nutrition 2015; 31:916-22. [PMID: 26059364 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals are produced during aerobic cellular metabolism and have key roles as regulatory mediators in signaling processes. Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species and an adequate antioxidant defense. This adverse condition may lead to cellular and tissue damage of components, and is involved in different physiopathological states, including aging, exercise, inflammatory, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. In particular, the relationship between exercise and oxidative stress is extremely complex, depending on the mode, intensity, and duration of exercise. Regular moderate training appears beneficial for oxidative stress and health. Conversely, acute exercise leads to increased oxidative stress, although this same stimulus is necessary to allow an up-regulation in endogenous antioxidant defenses (hormesis). Supporting endogenous defenses with additional oral antioxidant supplementation may represent a suitable noninvasive tool for preventing or reducing oxidative stress during training. However, excess of exogenous antioxidants may have detrimental effects on health and performance. Whole foods, rather than capsules, contain antioxidants in natural ratios and proportions, which may act in synergy to optimize the antioxidant effect. Thus, an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals through a varied and balanced diet remains the best approach to maintain an optimal antioxidant status. Antioxidant supplementation may be warranted in particular conditions, when athletes are exposed to high oxidative stress or fail to meet dietary antioxidant requirements. Aim of this review is to discuss the evidence on the relationship between exercise and oxidative stress, and the potential effects of dietary strategies in athletes. The differences between diet and exogenous supplementation as well as available tools to estimate effectiveness of antioxidant intake are also reported. Finally, we advocate the need to adopt an individualized diet for each athlete performing a specific sport or in a specific period of training, clinically supervised with inclusion of blood analysis and physiological tests, in a comprehensive nutritional assessment.
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Kaya E, Sikka SC, Gur S. A comprehensive review of metabolic syndrome affecting erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2015; 12:856-75. [PMID: 25675988 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most important public health issue threatening the health of men and women all over the world. Its current prevalence (i.e., approximately 30%) is continuously increasing. MetS by itself is considered a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). AIM To focus on the definition epidemiology, pathogenesis, and possible mechanistic links between MetS and ED in order to provide guidelines for treating such individuals. METHODS The search strategies yielded total records screened from PubMed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Regardless of the definition, MetS consists of insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. MetS is not an end disease but is a disorder of energy utilization and storage. RESULTS The prevalence of ED in patients with MetS is almost twice than in those without MetS, and about 40% of patients with ED have MetS. An important mechanism linking MetS and ED is hypogonadism. CONCLUSIONS Recognizing through ED, underlying conditions such as hypogonadism, diabetes and MetS might be a useful motivation for men to improve their health-related choices. The clinical management of MetS can be done by therapeutic interventions that include lifestyle modifications, hormone replacement alone or in combination with phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, and other pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Kaya
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Dalzill C, Nigam A, Juneau M, Guilbeault V, Latour E, Mauriège P, Gayda M. Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Improves Cardiometabolic and Exercise Parameters in Metabolically Healthy Obese and Metabolically Unhealthy Obese Individuals. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:434-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all cause mortality. Insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, genetic susceptibility, elevated blood pressure, hypercoagulable state, and chronic stress are the several factors which constitute the syndrome. Chronic inflammation is known to be associated with visceral obesity and insulin resistance which is characterized by production of abnormal adipocytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α , interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin. The interaction between components of the clinical phenotype of the syndrome with its biological phenotype (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, etc.) contributes to the development of a proinflammatory state and further a chronic, subclinical vascular inflammation which modulates and results in atherosclerotic processes. Lifestyle modification remains the initial intervention of choice for such population. Modern lifestyle modification therapy combines specific recommendations on diet and exercise with behavioural strategies. Pharmacological treatment should be considered for those whose risk factors are not adequately reduced with lifestyle changes. This review provides summary of literature related to the syndrome's definition, epidemiology, underlying pathogenesis, and treatment approaches of each of the risk factors comprising metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspinder Kaur
- Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS) Polyclinic, Sultanpur Lodhi, Kapurthala District 144626, India
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Dean E, Gormsen Hansen R. Prescribing optimal nutrition and physical activity as "first-line" interventions for best practice management of chronic low-grade inflammation associated with osteoarthritis: evidence synthesis. ARTHRITIS 2012; 2012:560634. [PMID: 23346399 PMCID: PMC3546455 DOI: 10.1155/2012/560634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress underlie chronic osteoarthritis. Although best-practice guidelines for osteoarthritis emphasize self-management including weight control and exercise, the role of lifestyle behavior change to address chronic low-grade inflammation has not been a focus of first-line management. This paper synthesizes the literature that supports the idea in which the Western diet and inactivity are proinflammatory, whereas a plant-based diet and activity are anti-inflammatory, and that low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress underlying osteoarthritis often coexist with lifestyle-related risk factors and conditions. We provide evidence-informed recommendations on how lifestyle behavior change can be integrated into "first-line" osteoarthritis management through teamwork and targeted evidence-based interventions. Healthy living can be exploited to reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, and related pain and disability and improve patients' overall health. This approach aligns with evidence-based best practice and holds the promise of eliminating or reducing chronic low-grade inflammation, attenuating disease progression, reducing weight, maximizing health by minimizing a patient's risk or manifestations of other lifestyle-related conditions hallmarked by chronic low-grade inflammation, and reducing the need for medications and surgery. This approach provides an informed cost effective basis for prevention, potential reversal, and management of signs and symptoms of chronic osteoarthritis and has implications for research paradigms in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Dean
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Rasmus Gormsen Hansen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ringsted and Slagelse Hospitals, Region Zealand, Denmark
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