1
|
Lim MW, Kalman JM. The impact of lifestyle factors on atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 193:91-99. [PMID: 38838814 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), with its significant associated morbidity and mortality contributes to significant healthcare utilisation and expenditure. Given its progressively rising incidence, strategies to limit AF development and progression are urgently needed. Lifestyle modification is a potentially potent but underutilised weapon against the AF epidemic. The purpose of this article is to review the role of lifestyle factors as risk factors for AF, outline potential mechanisms of pathogenesis and examine the available evidence for lifestyle intervention in primary and secondary AF prevention. It will also highlight the need for investment by physicians, researchers, health services and governments in order to facilitate delivery of the comprehensive, multidisciplinary AF care that is required to manage this complex and multifactorial disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Lim
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Kalman
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shantsila E, Choi EK, Lane DA, Joung B, Lip GY. Atrial fibrillation: comorbidities, lifestyle, and patient factors. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 37:100784. [PMID: 38362547 PMCID: PMC10866737 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Modern anticoagulation therapy has dramatically reduced the risk of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in people with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, AF still impairs quality of life, increases the risk of stroke and heart failure, and is linked to cognitive impairment. There is also a recognition of the residual risk of thromboembolic complications despite anticoagulation. Hence, AF management is evolving towards a more comprehensive understanding of risk factors predisposing to the development of this arrhythmia, its' complications and interventions to mitigate the risk. This review summarises the recent advances in understanding of risk factors for incident AF and managing these risk factors. It includes a discussion of lifestyle, somatic, psychological, and socioeconomic risk factors. The available data call for a practice shift towards a more individualised approach considering an increasingly broader range of health and patient factors contributing to AF-related health burden. The review highlights the needs of people living with co-morbidities (especially with multimorbidity), polypharmacy and the role of the changing population demographics affecting the European region and globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Shantsila
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Brownlow Group GP Practice, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deirdre A. Lane
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gregory Y.H. Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mone P, Guerra G, Verderosa S, Santulli G, Komici K. Effects of moderate caffeine intake in athletes. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:139-140. [PMID: 37775431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA; Casa di Cura Privata "Montevergine", Mercogliano, Avellino, Italy.
| | - Germano Guerra
- University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy; International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, Academic Research Unit, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tikhonoff V, Casiglia E. Prognostic cardiovascular cut-off values of dietary caffeine in a cohort of unselected men and women from general population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2160-2168. [PMID: 37567788 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Among an unselected cohort of men and women from general population (n = 1.668), the prognostic effects of being over the cut-off of all-source dietary caffeine intake were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Prognostic cut-off values for coronary events, incident heart failure (HF), cerebrovascular events (CBV) and arrhythmic events (ARR) were found by means of the receiver-operating-characteristic curves method. Those for HF (>230 mg/day), for CBV (>280 mg/day) and for ARR (>280 mg/day) were confirmed in multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, circulating thyroid hormone, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking, dietary intake of ethanol, basal heart rate, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, forced expiratory volume in 1 s and β-blocking therapy. Being over these cut-off values was associated to a reduced hazard ratio during the follow-up in the whole cohort (HR 0.678, 95%CI 0.567-0.908, p = 0.009 for HF; 0.651, 95%CI 0.428-0.994, p = 0.018 for CBV; 0.395, 95%CI 0.395-0.933, p = 0.022 for ARR) and in men (0.652, 0.442-0.961, p = 0.029; 0.432, 0.201-0.927, p = 0.03; 0.553, 0.302-1.000, p = 0.05, respectively) but not in women. The caffeine-induced risk decrease observed in the whole cohort is therefore entirely attributable to men. In the case of HF, heart rate entered the risk equation in a positive manner without rejecting caffeine. The -163C>A polymorphism of the CYP1A2 gene, codifying for ability to metabolize caffeine, introduced in sensitivity analysis, did not alter the prognostic models. CONCLUSION Men introducing >230 mg/day caffeine show a reduced risk of HF, and those introducing >280 mg/day a reduced risk of CBV and ARR independent of genetic pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Tikhonoff
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Nutrition, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Casiglia
- Department of Medicine, Studium Patavinum, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Coppi F, Bucciarelli V, Sinigaglia G, Zanini G, Selleri V, Nasi M, Pinti M, Gallina S, Mattioli AV. Sex Related Differences in the Complex Relationship between Coffee, Caffeine and Atrial Fibrillation. Nutrients 2023; 15:3299. [PMID: 37571236 PMCID: PMC10420923 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This literature review aims to explore the data of articles published on the association between coffee, caffeine and atrial fibrillation and to analyze any differences between the two sexes. Several factors influence this complex relationship; genetic, environmental and psychosocial factors come into play in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation. These factors are expressed differently in women and men. However, the analysis of the literature has shown that comparison works between the two sexes are extremely rare. Most population-based and prospective studies either analyze aggregated data or focus on exclusively male or female populations. This results in a lack of information that could be useful in the prevention of and treatment approach to atrial fibrillation. It is necessary to deepen this issue with dedicated studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coppi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Valentina Bucciarelli
- Cardiovascular Sciences Department, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Sinigaglia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy (G.Z.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Giada Zanini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy (G.Z.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Valentina Selleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy (G.Z.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Milena Nasi
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy (G.Z.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Virgili J, Motitis P, Julal G, Mavrommatis Y, Pilic L. The impact of genetic variability on the relationship between caffeine and cardiometabolic outcomes: A systematic review. NUTR BULL 2023; 48:28-42. [PMID: 36842137 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between caffeine consumption and cardiometabolic health has been reported, however with heterogenous results. Discrepancies in study results may be due to inter-individual variability between study participants. This systematic review aimed to identify the impact of genetics on the relationship between caffeine consumption and cardiometabolic outcomes. Electronic databases (PubMed and EMBASE) were searched for studies published until July 2021. Selected studies were of both intervention and observational design and included (1) analysis of at least one of the selected cardiometabolic outcome (type 2 diabetes, glucose/insulin levels, cardiovascular disease [CVD], blood pressure [BP] or hypertension, and blood lipid and catecholamine levels), (2) adults aged 18-65 years, and (3) genetic analysis of individuals consuming caffeine. Seventeen studies were included: four randomised controlled trials and an interventional and quasi-experimental study, six population-based prospective cohort studies, three cross-sectional studies, and three case-control studies. CYP1A2 rs762551 and ADORA rs5751876 were associated with glucose response when caffeine was consumed with carbohydrates. CYP1A2 rs762551 moderated the association between coffee intake and hypertension. Moreover, ADORA2A rs5751876 and the ADRA2B I variants moderated the associations between caffeine and BP. Studies that investigated the effects of genetic variations on CVD and caffeine consumption reported equivocal findings (CYP1A2) or warrant replication (COMT, ADORA and TRIB1). Elucidating the extent to which these genes moderate the association between caffeine and cardiometabolic outcomes will enable caffeine consumption advice to be tailored to specific individuals to optimise health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Virgili
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, UK
| | - Petros Motitis
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, UK
| | - Gabrielle Julal
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, UK
| | - Yiannis Mavrommatis
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, UK
| | - Leta Pilic
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The global prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased substantially over the past three decades and is currently approximately 60 million cases. Incident AF and its clinical consequences are largely the result of risk factors that can be modified by lifestyle changes. In this Review, we provide evidence that the lifetime risk of AF is modified not only by sex and race but also through the clinical risk factor and comorbidity burden of individual patients. We begin by summarizing the epidemiology of AF, focusing on non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors, as well as targets and strategies for the primary prevention of AF. Furthermore, we evaluate the role of modifiable risk factors in the secondary prevention of AF as well as the potential effects of risk factor interventions on the frequency and severity of subsequent AF episodes. We end the Review by proposing strategies that require evaluation as well as global policy changes that are needed for the prevention of incident AF and the management of recurrent episodes in patients already affected by AF.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Atrial Fibrillation Patients and Their Changes after Catheter Ablation. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0107721. [PMID: 35384710 PMCID: PMC9045169 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01077-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been shown to be associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases, but there is little research on the gut microbiota and atrial fibrillation (AF); thus, how the gut microbiota and metabolites change in AF patients after catheter ablation is unclear. In this study, we used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and nontargeted metabolomic detection to conduct horizontal and longitudinal analyses of the gut microbiota and metabolites of AF patients. Compared with a control group, species richness and diversity increased significantly in AF patients. Among them, opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus, were significantly increased, and symbiotic bacteria, such as Agathobacter and Butyrivibrio, were significantly reduced. After catheter ablation, intestinal symbiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus, Agathobacter, Lachnospira, etc.) were increased in most AF patients, while pathogenic bacteria (Ruminococcus, etc.) were reduced. Moreover, in AF patients, caffeine, which was negatively correlated with Klebsiella, was downregulated, and estradiol and ascorbic acid, which were positively correlated with Agathobacter, were also downregulated. After catheter ablation, citrulline, which was positively correlated with Ralstonia and Lactobacillus, was increased. Oleanolic acid, which was negatively correlated with Ralstonia was downregulated. In conclusion, our results not only show overall changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites in AF patients but also indicate their changes in the short term after catheter ablation. These data will provide novel possibilities for the future clinical diagnosis and treatment of AF. IMPORTANCE Gut microbiota and metabolites play a very important role in human health and can not only assess human health but also treat and prevent diseases. We analyzed the characteristics of the microbiota and metabolites in the human gut and found the effect of disease on gut microbiota and metabolites, which may be of important value in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. At the same time, we also observed dynamic changes in gut microbiota and metabolites with the intervention of catheter ablation, which was not available in previous studies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sagris M, Vardas EP, Theofilis P, Antonopoulos AS, Oikonomou E, Tousoulis D. Atrial Fibrillation: Pathogenesis, Predisposing Factors, and Genetics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010006. [PMID: 35008432 PMCID: PMC8744894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia managed in clinical practice, and it is linked to an increased risk of death, stroke, and peripheral embolism. The Global Burden of Disease shows that the estimated prevalence of AF is up to 33.5 million patients. So far, successful therapeutic techniques have been implemented, with a high health-care cost burden. As a result, identifying modifiable risk factors for AF and suitable preventive measures may play a significant role in enhancing community health and lowering health-care system expenditures. Several mechanisms, including electrical and structural remodeling of atrial tissue, have been proposed to contribute to the development of AF. This review article discusses the predisposing factors in AF including the different pathogenic mechanisms, sedentary lifestyle, and dietary habits, as well as the potential genetic burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marios Sagris
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.P.V.); (P.T.); (A.S.A.); (E.O.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-213-2088099; Fax: +30-213-2088676
| | - Emmanouil P. Vardas
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.P.V.); (P.T.); (A.S.A.); (E.O.); (D.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Athens “G. Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.P.V.); (P.T.); (A.S.A.); (E.O.); (D.T.)
| | - Alexios S. Antonopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.P.V.); (P.T.); (A.S.A.); (E.O.); (D.T.)
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.P.V.); (P.T.); (A.S.A.); (E.O.); (D.T.)
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, “Sotiria” Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.P.V.); (P.T.); (A.S.A.); (E.O.); (D.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Signori C, Meessen JMTA, Laaksonen R, Maggioni AP, Novelli D, Blanda A, Jylhä A, Nicolis E, Targher G, Tavazzi L, Tognoni G, Hilvo M, Latini R. Coffee, Atrial Fibrillation, and Circulating Ceramides in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11236-11245. [PMID: 34533314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are sphingolipids that play roles as structural lipids and as second messengers in biological processes. Circulating ceramides are influenced by diet/food and predict major cardiovascular (CV) events, such as atrial fibrillation (AF). In 1227 patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure (HF), an association between diet and ceramides was found for coffee consumption of ≥3 cups and Cer(d18:1/24:0). Increased Cer(d18:1/24:0) was associated with lower incident AF (24.3% vs 15.4% tertile 1 vs 3, P = 0.016) and lower CV mortality (28.4% vs 12.0% tertile 1 vs 3, P < 0.0001). For coffee consumption, only an association with incident AF was found (24.5% never, 5.2% ≥3 cups). These inverse associations with AF were confirmed in survival analyses corrected for biomarkers (Cer(d18:1/24:0) HR: 0.79, P = 0.018; coffee consumption HR: 0.22, P = 0.001). In conclusion, higher coffee intake was associated with a lower risk of incident AF and with higher concentrations of Cer(d18:1/24:0). Cer(d18:1/24:0) was inversely associated to risk of AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Signori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - Jennifer M T A Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | | | | | - Deborah Novelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - Adriana Blanda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Nicolis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona 37126, Italy
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy
| | - Gianni Tognoni
- Department of Anestesia-Rianimazione e Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim EJ, Hoffmann TJ, Nah G, Vittinghoff E, Delling F, Marcus GM. Coffee Consumption and Incident Tachyarrhythmias: Reported Behavior, Mendelian Randomization, and Their Interactions. JAMA Intern Med 2021; 181:1185-1193. [PMID: 34279564 PMCID: PMC8290332 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.3616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Importance The notion that caffeine increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias is common. However, evidence that the consumption of caffeinated products increases the risk of arrhythmias remains poorly substantiated. Objective To assess the association between consumption of common caffeinated products and the risk of arrhythmias. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study analyzed longitudinal data from the UK Biobank between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2018. After exclusion criteria were applied, 386 258 individuals were available for analyses. Exposures Daily coffee intake and genetic polymorphisms that affect caffeine metabolism. Main Outcomes and Measures Any cardiac arrhythmia, including atrial fibrillation or flutter, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, premature atrial complexes, and premature ventricular complexes. Results A total of 386 258 individuals (mean [SD] age, 56 [8] years; 52.3% female) were assessed. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 4.5 (3.1) years, 16 979 participants developed an incident arrhythmia. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, and lifestyle habits, each additional cup of habitual coffee consumed was associated with a 3% lower risk of incident arrhythmia (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.98; P < .001). In analyses of each arrhythmia alone, statistically significant associations exhibiting a similar magnitude were observed for atrial fibrillation and/or flutter (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.98; P < .001) and supraventricular tachycardia (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99; P = .002). Two distinct interaction analyses, one using a caffeine metabolism-related polygenic score of 7 genetic polymorphisms and another restricted to CYP1A2 rs762551 alone, did not reveal any evidence of effect modification. A mendelian randomization study that used these same genetic variants revealed no significant association between underlying propensities to differing caffeine metabolism and the risk of incident arrhythmia. Conclusions and Relevance In this prospective cohort study, greater amounts of habitual coffee consumption were associated with a lower risk of arrhythmia, with no evidence that genetically mediated caffeine metabolism affected that association. Mendelian randomization failed to provide evidence that caffeine consumption was associated with arrhythmias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-jeong Kim
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Thomas J. Hoffmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Gregory Nah
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Francesca Delling
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Gregory M. Marcus
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chieng D, Kistler PM. Coffee and tea on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2021; 32:399-405. [PMID: 34384881 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Coffee and tea are amongst the most consumed beverages worldwide, and are the main source of caffeine in adults. In this review we present findings on the effects of habitual coffee and tea consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Mild-moderate coffee/ caffeine consumption, at 2-3 cups/day, is associated with beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, although may elevate lipid levels. Furthermore, coffee consumption reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, stroke, CVD and all cause mortality. Higher tea consumption, in particular green tea, confers similar cardiovascular benefits to coffee with 3 cups/day associated with improved survival in population based studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Chieng
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter M Kistler
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Apostolopoulos EJ, Melita H, Manolis AS. The Cardiovascular Benefits of Caffeinated Beverages: Real or Surreal? /"Metron Ariston - All in Moderation". Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2235-2260. [PMID: 34238147 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210708091709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Caffeinated beverages are the most widely consumed beverages globally with coffee and tea as the two most prominent sources of caffeine. Caffeine content varies across different types of beverages. In addition to caffeine, coffee and tea have other biologically active compounds, and all may affect general and cardiovascular (CV) health. Moderate caffeine consumption (<300-400 mg/day), regardless of the source, is considered safe by both European and US Health Authorities, as it is not associated with adverse health and CV effects, while it may confer certain health benefits. There is a nonlinear association between coffee ingestion and CV risk; moderate coffee drinking is inversely significantly associated with CV risk, with the highest benefit at 2-4 cups per day, while heavy coffee drinking might confer increased risk. With regards to tea, due to a lower caffeine content per serving, its consumption is only limited by the total caffeine daily intake. Both these caffeinated beverages, coffee and tea, have additional phenolic compounds, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which confer cardioprotective benefits. Of the several coffee compounds, chloroacetic acids and melanoidins offer such beneficial effects, while diterpenes may have unfavorable effects on lipids. Most of the tea ingredients (polyphenols) are cardioprotective. A major concern relates to energy drinks with their much higher caffeine content which puts individuals, especially adolescents and young adults, at high health and CV risk. All these issues are herein discussed, including pertinent studies and meta-analyses, pathogenetic mechanisms involved and relevant recommendations from health authorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antonis S Manolis
- First Department of Cardiology, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Modifiable risk factor management is becoming one of the 3 treatment pillars in atrial fibrillation management along with anticoagulation as well as conventional rate and rhythm control strategies. Preventive therapies, such as reducing blood pressure and treating obstructive sleep apnea, are paramount in the strategy of preventing atrial fibrillation. Identification of new modifiable risk factors and triggers also could help in the global strategy to reduce atrial fibrillation. This article covers alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, caffeine, chocolate, cannabis use, and air pollution as social risk factors related to lifestyle habits that potentially could contribute to atrial fibrillation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres Klein
- Arrhythmia Service, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Mohammad Shenasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Services, Heart and Rhythm Medical Group, 18324 Twin Creeks Road, Monte Sereno, CA 95030, USA
| | - Adrian Baranchuk
- Division of Cardiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Smith E, Fernandez C, Melander O, Ottosson F. Altered Acylcarnitine Metabolism Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016737. [PMID: 33076748 PMCID: PMC7763428 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, but the pathogenesis is not completely understood. The application of metabolomics could help in discovering new metabolic pathways involved in the development of the disease. Methods and Results We measured 112 baseline fasting metabolites of 3770 participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study; these participants were free of prevalent AF. Incident cases of AF were ascertained through previously validated registers. The associations between baseline levels of metabolites and incident AF were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models. During 23.1 years of follow-up, 650 cases of AF were identified (incidence rate: 8.6 per 1000 person-years). In Cox regression models adjusted for AF risk factors, 7 medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines were associated with higher risk of incident AF (hazard ratio [HR] ranging from 1.09; 95% CI, 1.00-1.18 to 1.14, 95% CI, 1.05-1.24 per 1 SD increment of acylcarnitines). Furthermore, caffeine and acisoga were also associated with an increased risk (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06-1.28 and 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00-1.18, respectively), while beta carotene was associated with a lower risk (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99). Conclusions For the first time, we show associations between altered acylcarnitine metabolism and incident AF independent of traditional AF risk factors in a general population. These findings highlight metabolic alterations that precede AF diagnosis by many years and could provide insight into the pathogenesis of AF. Future studies are needed to replicate our finding in an external cohort as well as to test whether the relationship between acylcarnitines and AF is causal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Einar Smith
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | | | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Malmö Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Filip Ottosson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Malmö Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nehlig A, Cunha RA. The Coffee-Acrylamide Apparent Paradox: An Example of Why the Health Impact of a Specific Compound in a Complex Mixture Should Not Be Evaluated in Isolation. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3141. [PMID: 33066651 PMCID: PMC7602460 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The health implications of acrylamide in food are a matter of concern based on toxicological studies in rodents, which showed that doses of acrylamide more than 100 times higher than those estimated to result from dietary exposure in humans are carcinogenic; however, the cancer types reported in rodents are species-specific, and whether these results can be extrapolated to humans is still in question. In fact, human epidemiological studies revealed a general lack of association between dietary acrylamide exposure and the incidence of different cancer types. Even occupational exposure to acrylamide, resulting in acrylamide exposure nearly 10 times higher than dietary exposure, did not increase tumor occurrence. Furthermore, the consumption of coffee, which is a main contributor of dietary acrylamide exposure, actually decreases the overall incidence of cancer in humans and afford global health benefits, increasing both lifespan and healthspan on ageing. This paradox clearly illustrates the risk of evaluating an individual molecule independently of its complete food matrix, which may have other components that completely override the effects of the considered molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Nehlig
- INSERM U 1129, Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France;
- Faculty of Medicine, INSERM U 1129, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rodrigo A. Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sharashova E, Wilsgaard T, Ball J, Morseth B, Gerdts E, Hopstock LA, Mathiesen EB, Schirmer H, Løchen ML. Long-term blood pressure trajectories and incident atrial fibrillation in women and men: the Tromsø Study. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:1554-1562. [PMID: 31050731 PMCID: PMC7174044 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore sex-specific associations between long-term individual blood pressure (BP) patterns and risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS Blood pressure was measured in 8376 women and 7670 men who attended at least two of the three population-based Tromsø Study surveys conducted in 1986-87, 1994-95, and 2001. Participants were followed for incident AF throughout 2013. Latent mixed modelling was used to identify long-term trajectories of systolic BP and hypertension. Cox regression was used to estimate associations between the identified trajectories and incident AF. Elevated systolic BP throughout the exposure period (1986-2001) independently and differentially increased risk of AF in women and men. In women, having elevated systolic BP trajectories doubled AF risk compared to having persistently low levels, irrespective of whether systolic BP increased, decreased, or was persistently high over time, with hazard ratios of 1.88 (95% confidence interval 1.37-2.58), 2.32 (1.61-3.35), and 1.94 (1.28-2.94), respectively. In men, those with elevated systolic BP that continued to increase over time had a 50% increased AF risk: 1.51 (1.09-2.10). When compared to those persistently normotensive, women developing hypertension during the exposure period, and women and men with hypertension throughout the exposure period had 1.40 (1.06-1.86), 2.75 (1.99-3.80), and 1.36 (1.10-1.68) times increased risk of AF, respectively. CONCLUSION Long-term BP and hypertension trajectories were associated with increased incidence of AF in both women and men, but the associations were stronger in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Sharashova
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jocasta Ball
- Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bente Morseth
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
- School of Sport Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eva Gerdts
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laila A Hopstock
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ellisiv B Mathiesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Henrik Schirmer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maja-Lisa Løchen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bazal P, Gea A, Navarro AM, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Alonso-Gómez A, Fitó M, Muñoz-Bravo C, Estruch R, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Ros E, Rekondo J, Muñoz MA, Basora J, Sorlí JV, Toledo E, Martínez-González MA, Ruiz-Canela M. Caffeinated coffee consumption and risk of atrial fibrillation in two Spanish cohorts. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 28:648-657. [PMID: 32131628 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320909065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The association between caffeinated coffee consumption and atrial fibrillation remains unclear. Recent studies suggest an inverse association only between a moderate caffeinated coffee consumption and atrial fibrillation, but others have reported no association. The aim of our study was to prospectively assess the association between caffeinated coffee consumption and atrial fibrillation in two Spanish cohorts, one of adults from a general population and another of elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 18,983 and 6479 participants from the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) and 'Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea' (PREDIMED) cohorts, respectively. Participants were classified according to their caffeinated coffee consumption in three groups: ≤3 cups/month, 1-7 cups/week, and >1 cup/day. We identified 97 atrial fibrillation cases after a median follow-up of 10.3 years (interquartile range 6.5-13.5), in the SUN cohort and 250 cases after 4.4 years median follow-up (interquartile range 2.8-5.8) in the PREDIMED study. No significant associations were observed in the SUN cohort although a J-shaped association was suggested. A significant inverse association between the intermediate category of caffeinated coffee consumption (1-7 cups/week) and atrial fibrillation was observed in PREDIMED participants with a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio = 0.53 (95% confidence interval 0.36-0.79) when compared with participants who did not consume caffeinated coffee or did it only occasionally. No association was found for higher levels of caffeinated coffee consumption (>1 cup per day), hazard ratio = 0.79 (95% confidence interval 0.49-1.28). In the meta-analysis of both PREDIMED and SUN studies, the hazard ratio for intermediate consumption of caffeinated coffee was 0.60 (95% confidence interval 0.44-0.82) without evidence of heterogeneity. Similar findings were found for the association between caffeine intake and atrial fibrillation risk. CONCLUSION Intermediate levels of caffeinated coffee consumption (1-7 cups/week) were associated with a reduction in atrial fibrillation risk in two prospective Mediterranean cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Bazal
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Spain.,Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Spain
| | - A Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - A M Navarro
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Spain.,Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Spain
| | - J Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Nutriciœ Humana, Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), Spain
| | - D Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - A Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Spain
| | - M Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Spain
| | - C Muñoz-Bravo
- Department of Public Health, University of Malaga, Spain
| | - R Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, August Pi i Sunyer Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Illes Balears Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Spain
| | - J Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria de Sevilla, Spain
| | - L Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and CHUIMI Canarian Health Service, Spain
| | - E Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Spain
| | - J Rekondo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Spain
| | - M A Muñoz
- Gerència Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Spain.,Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Spain
| | - J Basora
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Nutriciœ Humana, Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), Spain
| | - J V Sorlí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - E Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - M A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, USA
| | - M Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Visser E, Geleijnse JM, de Roos B. Inter-Individual Variation in Cancer and Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes in Response to Coffee Consumption: A Critical Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900479. [PMID: 32045503 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Coffee is associated with a lower risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes at the population level. However, individual susceptibility to the effects of coffee consumption will cause heterogeneity in health responses between individuals. In this critical review determinants of inter-individual variability in cancer and cardiometabolic health outcomes in response to coffee and caffeine consumption are systematically evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Embase and MEDLINE are searched for observational studies and clinical trials that examined variation in the response to coffee consumption. A total of 74 studies meet the inclusion criteria, which report variation in cancer (n = 24) and cardiometabolic health (n = 50) outcomes. The qualitative analysis shows that sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, menopausal status, and genetic polymorphisms are probable or possible determinants of inter-individual variability in cancer and cardiometabolic health outcomes in response to coffee and caffeine consumption, albeit the majority of studies have insufficient statistical power to detect significant interaction between these factors and coffee consumption. CONCLUSION Several genetic and non-genetic determinants of inter-individual variability in the responses to coffee and caffeine consumption are identified, indicating that some of the health benefits of coffee may only occur in a subgroup of subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith Visser
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Baukje de Roos
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, AB25 2ZD, Aberdeen, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Erblang M, Drogou C, Gomez-Merino D, Metlaine A, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Thomas C, Sauvet F, Chennaoui M. The Impact of Genetic Variations in ADORA2A in the Association between Caffeine Consumption and Sleep. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E1021. [PMID: 31817803 PMCID: PMC6947650 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ADORA2A has been shown to be responsible for the wakefulness-promoting effect of caffeine and the 1976T>C genotype (SNP rs5751876, formerly 1083T>C) to contribute to individual sensitivity to caffeine effects on sleep. We investigate the association between six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from ADORA2A and self-reported sleep characteristics and caffeine consumption in 1023 active workers of European ancestry aged 18-60 years. Three groups of caffeine consumers were delineated: low (0-50 mg/day, less than one expresso per day), moderate (51-300 mg/day), and high (>300 mg/day). We found that at caffeine levels higher than 300 mg/day, total sleep time (TST) decreased (F = 13.9, p < 0.01), with an increase of insomnia (ORa [95%CI] = 1.5 [1.1-1.9]) and sleep complaints (ORa [95%CI] = 1.9 [1.1-3.3]), whatever the ADORA2A polymorphism. Odds ratios were adjusted (ORa) for sex, age, and tobacco. However, in low caffeine consumers, lower TST was observed in the T allele compared to homozygote rs5751876 and rs3761422 C carriers. Conversely, higher TST was observed in rs2298383 T allele compared to C and in rs4822492G allele compared to the homozygote C (p < 0.05). These 4 SNPs are in strong linkage disequilibrium. Haplotype analysis confirmed the influence of multiple ADORA2a SNPs on TST. In addition, the rs2298383 T and rs4822492 G alleles were associated with higher risk of sleep complaints (Ora = 1.9 [1.2-3.1] and Ora = 1.5 [1.1-2.1]) and insomnia (Ora = 1.5 [1.3-2.5] and Ora = 1.9 [1.3-3.2). The rs5751876 T allele was associated with a decreased risk of sleep complaints (Ora = 0.7 [0.3-0.9]) and insomnia (Ora = 0.5 [0.3-0.9]). Our results identified ADORA2A polymorphism influences in the less-than-300-mg-per-day caffeine consumers. This opens perspectives on the diagnosis and pharmacology of sleep complaints and caffeine chronic consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mégane Erblang
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), EA 7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (D.G.-M.); (F.S.)
| | - Catherine Drogou
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), EA 7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (D.G.-M.); (F.S.)
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), EA 7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (D.G.-M.); (F.S.)
| | - Arnaud Metlaine
- EA 7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, APHP, Hôtel Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France; (A.B.)
| | - Jean François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France; (A.B.)
| | - Claire Thomas
- Unité de Biologie Intégrative des Adaptations à l’Exercice, Université Evry, Université, Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France;
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), EA 7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (D.G.-M.); (F.S.)
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), EA 7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (D.G.-M.); (F.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chang Y, Woo HG, Park J, Lee JS, Song TJ. Improved oral hygiene care is associated with decreased risk of occurrence for atrial fibrillation and heart failure: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 27:1835-1845. [PMID: 31786965 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319886018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Poor oral hygiene can provoke transient bacteremia and systemic inflammation, a mediator of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. This study aims to investigate association of oral hygiene indicators with atrial fibrillation and heart failure risk in Korea. METHODS We included 161,286 subjects from the National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort who had no missing data for demographics, past history, or laboratory findings. They had no history of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or cardiac valvular diseases. For oral hygiene indicators, presence of periodontal disease, number of tooth brushings, any reasons of dental visit, professional dental cleaning, and number of missing teeth were investigated. RESULTS During median follow-up of 10.5 years, 4911 (3.0%) cases of atrial fibrillation and 7971 (4.9%) cases of heart failure occurred. In multivariate analysis after adjusting age, sex, socioeconomic status, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current smoking, renal disease, history of cancer, systolic blood pressure, blood and urine laboratory findings, frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times/day) was significantly associated with attenuated risk of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio: 0.90, 95% confidence interval (0.83-0.98)) and heart failure (0.88, (0.82-0.94)). Professional dental cleaning was negatively (0.93, (0.88-0.99)), while number of missing teeth ≥22 was positively (1.32, (1.11-1.56)) associated with risk of heart failure. CONCLUSION Improved oral hygiene care was associated with decreased risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Healthier oral hygiene by frequent tooth brushing and professional dental cleaning may reduce risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonkyung Chang
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Jin Park
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Javadi M, Jamalzehi A, Gerami H, Hosseini SK, Maljaei MB, Eslami M, Bahreini A. Association between Dietary Intakes of Tea, Coffee, and Soft Drinks in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography with Coronary Artery Stenosis. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:172. [PMID: 32133090 PMCID: PMC6826689 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_35_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of mortality that is related to the nutritional habits and lifestyle. The aim of this study was to examine the association between tea, coffee, and soft drink consumption and coronary artery stenosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods: Out of all the patients, 208 cases (101 Female) with 57.81 ± 12.18 (mean ± SD) were assigned to participate in this cross-sectional study. In total, 168-items, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire collected for assessments of dietary intakes of black tea, coffee, caffeine, and soft drinks and record demographic and clinical questionnaire. Results: There were negative association between arteries with stenosis of more than 50% number with dietary intakes of tea (P = 0.011, r = – 0.187), coffee (P = 0.069, r = – 0.098) intakes, and dietary caffeine intake (P = 0.043, r = –0.118). The high consumptions of soft drinks (P = 0.005, r = 0.387) were associated with an enhancement in arteries with stenosis of more than 50% number. In addition, dietary consumption of black tea have a negatively significant association with the history of previous angiography (P = 0.044, r = –0.121), the history of previous Stanton (P = 0.035, r = –0.132), and coronary artery bypass graft surgery nomination (P = 0.008, r = –0.216). Coffee consumption showed a significant negative relationship with engagement for coronary artery bypass graft surgery (P = 0.004, r = –0.598). Conclusions: Dietary intakes of tea, coffee, and caffeine may have a negative relationship with CAD and cardio vascular diseases. Healthy dietary lifestyle is an important issue for the prevention of chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Javadi
- Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Atena Jamalzehi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hadis Gerami
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Bagher Maljaei
- Students Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Eslami
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Asma Bahreini
- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cornelis MC. Genetic determinants of beverage consumption: Implications for nutrition and health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 89:1-52. [PMID: 31351524 PMCID: PMC7047661 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Beverages make important contributions to nutritional intake and their role in health has received much attention. This review focuses on the genetic determinants of common beverage consumption and how research in this field is contributing insight to what and how much we consume and why this genetic knowledge matters from a research and public health perspective. The earliest efforts in gene-beverage behavior mapping involved genetic linkage and candidate gene analysis but these approaches have been largely replaced by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). GWAS have identified biologically plausible loci underlying alcohol and coffee drinking behavior. No GWAS has identified variants specifically associated with consumption of tea, juice, soda, wine, beer, milk or any other common beverage. Thus far, GWAS highlight an important behavior-reward component (as opposed to taste) to beverage consumption which may serve as a potential barrier to dietary interventions. Loci identified have been used in Mendelian randomization and gene×beverage interaction analysis of disease but results have been mixed. This research is necessary as it informs the clinical relevance of SNP-beverage associations and thus genotype-based personalized nutrition, which is gaining interest in the commercial and public health sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adenosine plasma level in patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation and normal heart during ablation procedure and/or cardioversion. Purinergic Signal 2018; 15:45-52. [PMID: 30535950 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with normal heart remains unclear. While exogenous adenosine can trigger AF, nothing is known about the behavior of endogenous adenosine plasma level (APL) at the onset of AF and during ablation procedure. Ninety-one patients (68 with paroxysmal AF: 40 males, 66 ± 16 years; 23 with persistent AF: 14 males, 69 ± 11 years) and 18 controls were included. Among paroxysmal patients: i) medical therapy alone was performed in 45 cases and ablation procedure in 23. AF was spontaneously resolutive in 6 cases; ii) 23 underwent ablation procedure and blood was collected simultaneously in a brachial vein and in the left atrium; 17 were spontaneously in sinus rhythm while 6 were in sinus rhythm after direct current cardioversion. Among persistent patients: i) in 17 patients, blood samples were collected in a brachial vein before and after direct current cardioversion; ii) in 6 patients, blood samples were collected simultaneously in a brachial vein and in left atrium before and after cardioversion during ablation procedure. CV-APL was higher in patients with persistent AF vs patients with paroxysmal AF (median [range]: 0.9[0.6-1.1] vs 0.7[0.4-1.1] μM; p < 0.001). In patients with paroxysmal AF, LA-APL increased during the AF episode (0.95[0.85-1.4] vs 2.7[1.5-7] μM; p = 0.03) and normalized in sinus rhythm after DCCV. In patients with persistent AF, LA-APL was higher than CV-APL (1.2[0.7-1.8] vs 0.9[0.6-1.1] μM; p < 0.001), and both normalized in sinus rhythm (CV-APL: 0.8[0.6-1.1] vs 0.75[0.4-1] μM; p = 0.03), (LA-APL: 1.95[1.3-3] vs 1[0.5-1.15] μM; p = 0.03). The occurrence of AF is associated with a strong increase of APL in the atrium. The cause of this increase needs further investigations.
Collapse
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- Dag S Thelle
- 1 Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,2 Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Gothenburg University, Sweden.,3 Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|