1
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Fan M, Guan Y, Zhang W, Huang F, Zhang Z, Li X, Yuan B, Liu W, Geng M, Li X, Xu J, Jiang C, Zhao W, Ye F, Zhu W, Meng L, Lu S, Holmdahl R. Reactive oxygen species regulation by NCF1 governs ferroptosis susceptibility of Kupffer cells to MASH. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1745-1763.e6. [PMID: 38851189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Impaired self-renewal of Kupffer cells (KCs) leads to inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Here, we identify neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1) as a critical regulator of iron homeostasis in KCs. NCF1 is upregulated in liver macrophages and dendritic cells in humans with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in MASH mice. Macrophage NCF1, but not dendritic cell NCF1, triggers KC iron overload, ferroptosis, and monocyte-derived macrophage infiltration, thus aggravating MASH progression. Mechanistically, elevated oxidized phospholipids induced by macrophage NCF1 promote Toll-like receptor (TLR4)-dependent hepatocyte hepcidin production, leading to increased KC iron deposition and subsequent KC ferroptosis. Importantly, the human low-functional polymorphic variant NCF190H alleviates KC ferroptosis and MASH in mice. In conclusion, macrophage NCF1 impairs iron homeostasis in KCs by oxidizing phospholipids, triggering hepatocyte hepcidin release and KC ferroptosis in MASH, highlighting NCF1 as a therapeutic target for improving KC fate and limiting MASH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meiyang Fan
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanglong Guan
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fumeng Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengqiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingyu Yuan
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manman Geng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Congshan Jiang
- Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Liesu Meng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shemin Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Department of Infectious Diseases and National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Medical Inflammation Research Group, Division of Immunology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Shen MQ, Guo Q, Li W, Qian ZM. Apolipoprotein E deficiency leads to the polarization of splenic macrophages towards M1 phenotype by increasing iron content. Genes Immun 2024:10.1038/s41435-024-00290-7. [PMID: 39103538 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays a crucial role in iron homeostasis in the body, while macrophages are the principal cells responsible for handling iron in mammals. However, it is unknown whether ApoE can affect the functional subtypes and the iron handling capacity of splenic macrophages (SM). Here, we investigated the effects of ApoE deficiency (ApoE-/-) on the polarization and iron content of SM and its potential mechanisms. ApoE-/- was found to induce a significant increase in the expressions of M1 marker genes CD86, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α and iNOS and a reduction in M2 marker genes CD206, Arg-1, IL-10 and Ym-1 in SM of mice aged 28 weeks, Meanwhile, ApoE-/- caused a significant increase in iron content and expression of ferritin, transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and a reduction in ferroportin1 (Fpn1) in spleen and/or SM of mice aged 28 weeks. It was concluded that ApoE-/- can increase iron content through increased iron uptake mediated by TfR/ IRPs and decreased iron release mediated by Fpn1, leading to polarization of the SM to M1 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Shen
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- School of Health Medicine, Nantong Polytechnic College, Nantong, China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Qian
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Sui Y, Geng X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Yang Y, Meng Z. Targeting the regulation of iron homeostasis as a potential therapeutic strategy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2024; 157:155953. [PMID: 38885833 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
With aging and the increasing incidence of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD mainly includes simple hepatic steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An imbalance in hepatic iron homeostasis is usually associated with the progression of NAFLD and induces iron overload, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and lipid peroxide accumulation, which leads to ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a unique type of programmed cell death (PCD) that is characterized by iron dependence, ROS production and lipid peroxidation. The ferroptosis inhibition systems involved in NAFLD include the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1)/coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) regulatory axes. The main promotion system involved is the acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family (ACSL4)/arachidonic lipoxygenase 15 (ALOX15) axis. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the multiple roles of iron homeostasis imbalance and ferroptosis in the progression of NAFLD. This review highlights the latest studies about iron homeostasis imbalance- and ferroptosis-associated NAFLD, mainly including the physiology and pathophysiology of hepatic iron metabolism, hepatic iron homeostasis imbalance during the development of NAFLD, and key regulatory molecules and roles of hepatic ferroptosis in NAFLD. This review aims to provide innovative therapeutic strategies for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Sui
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Geng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqun Yang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ziyu Meng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
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4
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Schmidtner N, Utrata A, Mester P, Schmid S, Müller M, Pavel V, Buechler C. Reduced Plasma Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 Levels in Sepsis and Septic Shock Patients. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1682. [PMID: 39200147 PMCID: PMC11351235 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are associated with low iron levels and the induction of hepcidin, the primary protein regulating cellular iron export. Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6), a key regulator of hepcidin expression, has not yet been analyzed in the plasma of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis. An analysis of 38 SIRS, 39 sepsis, and 78 septic shock patients revealed similar levels of BMP6 in sepsis and septic shock, which were lower compared to patients with SIRS and healthy controls. Plasma BMP6 levels did not correlate with procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in patients with SIRS or sepsis/septic shock. Neither bacterial nor SARS-CoV-2 infections affected plasma BMP6 levels. There was no difference in BMP6 levels between ventilated and non-ventilated patients, or between patients with and without dialysis. Vasopressor therapy did not alter BMP6 levels. Survivors had plasma BMP6 levels similar to non-survivors. Due to the high variability of plasma BMP6 levels, these analyses have limited clinical relevance. Iron, ferritin, and transferrin levels were known in at least 50% of patients but did not correlate with plasma BMP6 levels. In conclusion, this study showed normal BMP6 plasma levels in SIRS, which are reduced in patients with sepsis and septic shock. This suggests that the commonly observed increase in hepcidin levels and the decline in iron levels in SIRS, sepsis, and septic shock are not due to higher BMP6.
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García-Escobar A, Lázaro-García R, Goicolea-Ruigómez J, González-Casal D, Fontenla-Cerezuela A, Soto N, González-Panizo J, Datino T, Pizarro G, Moreno R, Cabrera JÁ. Red Blood Cell Distribution Width is a Biomarker of Red Cell Dysfunction Associated with High Systemic Inflammation and a Prognostic Marker in Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Disease: A Potential Predictor of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2024:10.1007/s40292-024-00662-0. [PMID: 39031283 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-024-00662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
At the beginning of the 21st century, approximately 2.3 million US adults had atrial fibrillation (AF), and there has been a 60% increase in hospital admissions for AF. Given that the expectancy is a continuous increase in incidence, it portends a severe healthcare problem. Considerable evidence supports the immune system and inflammatory response in cardiac tissue, and circulatory processes are involved in the physiopathology of AF. In this regard, finding novel inflammatory biomarkers that predict AF recurrence after catheter ablation (CA) is a prime importance global healthcare problem. Many inflammatory biomarkers and natriuretic peptides came out and were shown to have predictive capabilities for AF recurrence in patients undergoing CA. In this regard, some studies have shown that red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with the risk of incident AF. This review aimed to provide an update on the evidence of the RDW as a biomarker of red cell dysfunction and its association with high systemic inflammation, and with the risk of incident AF. Through the literature review, we will highlight the most relevant studies of the RDW related to AF recurrence after CA. Many studies demonstrated that RDW is associated with all cause-mortality, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and AF, probably because RDW is a biomarker of red blood cell dysfunction associated with high systemic inflammation, reflecting an advanced heart disease with prognostic implications in heart failure and cardiovascular disease. Thus, suggesting that could be a potential predictor for AF recurrence after CA. Moreover, the RDW is a parameter included in routine full blood count, which is low-cost, quick, and easy to obtain. We provided an update on the evidence of the most relevant studies of the RDW related to AF recurrence after CA, as well as the mechanism of the high RDW and its association with high systemic inflammation and prognostic marker in cardiovascular disease and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemio García-Escobar
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa Lázaro-García
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Goicolea-Ruigómez
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - David González-Casal
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Fontenla-Cerezuela
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nina Soto
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Panizo
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Datino
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Pizarro
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Moreno
- Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ángel Cabrera
- Cardiology Department, Quirónsalud University Hospital Madrid, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Ruber Juan Bravo Quirónsalud University Hospital, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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Lakhal-Littleton S, Cleland JGF. Iron deficiency and supplementation in heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:463-486. [PMID: 38326440 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-00988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-anaemic iron deficiency (NAID) is a strategic target in cardiovascular medicine because of its association with a range of adverse effects in various conditions. Endeavours to tackle NAID in heart failure have yielded mixed results, exposing knowledge gaps in how best to define 'iron deficiency' and the handling of iron therapies by the body. To address these gaps, we harness the latest understanding of the mechanisms of iron homeostasis outside the erythron and integrate clinical and preclinical lines of evidence. The emerging picture is that current definitions of iron deficiency do not assimilate the multiple influences at play in patients with heart failure and, consequently, fail to identify those with a truly unmet need for iron. Additionally, current iron supplementation therapies benefit only certain patients with heart failure, reflecting differences in the nature of the unmet need for iron and the modifying effects of anaemia and inflammation on the handling of iron therapies by the body. Building on these insights, we identify untapped opportunities in the management of NAID, including the refinement of current approaches and the development of novel strategies. Lessons learned from NAID in cardiovascular disease could ultimately translate into benefits for patients with other chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John G F Cleland
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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7
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Feng H, Lu Q, Liu Y, Shi M, Lian H, Ni L, Wu X. Risk factors of disease activity and renal damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04105-6. [PMID: 38937413 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical features of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and explore the risk factors of disease activity and renal damage. METHODS A retrospective study involving 194 patients were performed. Patients were divided into lupus nephritis (LN) group (63.40%) and non-LN group (36.60%), different disease activity group, and different renal function group according to the clinical data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that albumin (ALB), uric acid (UC), total cholesterol (TC), and anti-dsDNA antibodies were the influencing factors of LN in patients with SLE (P < 0.05); ALB, UC, and complement 3(C3) were the influencing factors of lupus disease activity (P < 0.05); UC, C3, and hemoglobin (HB) were the influencing factors of abnormal renal function in SLE patients. RESULTS The results of the ROC curve showed that ALB, UA, and TC had certain predictive value for combined LN in patients with SLE, and the predictive value of ALB was greater than that of TC (P < 0.05); ALB, UA, and C3 being predictors of the activity of patients with SLE; BUN, UA, and HB all had certain predictive value for the abnormal renal function in patients with LN. SLE patients have the high incidence of renal impairment. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that patients with SLE should regularly monitor the levels of ALB, UA, TC, C3, and HB, as well as pay attention to the intervention of hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia in patients with SLE to better control disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- HuiLing Feng
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - QianYu Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - MengMeng Shi
- Taikang Medical School, (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Lian
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - LiHua Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - XiaoYan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of General Practice, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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8
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Pandur E, Pap R, Jánosa G, Tamási K, Sipos K. Regulation of iron metabolism in HEC-1A endometrium cells by macrophage-derived factors and fractalkine. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:737-754. [PMID: 38410054 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages in the endometrium promote receptivity and implantation by secreting proinflammatory cytokines and other factors like fractalkine (FKN). Macrophages are closely linked to regulating iron homeostasis and can modulate iron availability in the tissue microenvironment. It has been revealed that the iron metabolism of the mother is crucial in fertility. Iron metabolism is strictly controlled by hepcidin, the principal iron regulatory protein. The inflammatory cytokines can modulate hepcidin synthesis and, therefore, the iron metabolism of the endometrium. It was proven recently that FKN, a unique chemokine, is implicated in maternal-fetal communication and may contribute to endometrial receptivity and implantation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of activated THP-1 macrophages and FKN on the iron metabolism of the HEC-1A endometrial cells. We established a noncontact coculture with or without recombinant human FKN supplementation to study the impact of the macrophage-derived factors and FKN on the regulation of hepcidin synthesis and iron release and storage of endometrial cells. Based on our findings, the conditioned medium of the activated macrophages could modify hepcidin synthesis via the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and the transferrin receptor 2/bone morphogenetic protein 6/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic 1/5/8 signaling pathways, and FKN could alter this effect on the endometrial cells. It was also revealed that the conditioned macrophage medium and FKN modulated the iron release and storage of HEC-1A cells. FKN signaling may be involved in the management of iron trafficking of the endometrium by the regulation of hepcidin. It can contribute to the iron supply for fetal development at the early stage of the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Pandur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ramóna Pap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Jánosa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kitti Tamási
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sipos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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9
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Matsuoka T, Abe M, Kobayashi H. Iron Metabolism and Inflammatory Mediators in Patients with Renal Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3745. [PMID: 38612557 PMCID: PMC11012052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects around 850 million people worldwide, posing significant challenges in healthcare due to complications like renal anemia, end-stage kidney disease, and cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on the intricate interplay between iron metabolism, inflammation, and renal dysfunction in CKD. Renal anemia, prevalent in CKD, arises primarily from diminished erythropoietin (EPO) production and iron dysregulation, which worsens with disease progression. Functional and absolute iron deficiencies due to impaired absorption and chronic inflammation are key factors exacerbating erythropoiesis. A notable aspect of CKD is the accumulation of uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS), which hinder iron metabolism and worsen anemia. These toxins directly affect renal EPO synthesis and contribute to renal hypoxia, thus playing a critical role in the pathophysiology of renal anemia. Inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α and IL-6, further exacerbate CKD progression and disrupt iron homeostasis, thereby influencing anemia severity. Treatment approaches have evolved to address both iron and EPO deficiencies, with emerging therapies targeting hepcidin and employing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilizers showing potential. This review underscores the importance of integrated treatment strategies in CKD, focusing on the complex relationship between iron metabolism, inflammation, and renal dysfunction to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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10
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Huang CY, Chen LJ, Chen CS, Wang CY, Hong SY. MCL1 inhibition: a promising approach to augment the efficacy of sorafenib in NSCLC through ferroptosis induction. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:137. [PMID: 38485916 PMCID: PMC10940654 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, plays a crucial role in modulating the therapeutic response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Studies have identified the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) as potential targets for sorafenib, which exhibits activities in inducing ferroptosis. However, the role of STAT3-MCL1 axis in sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in NSCLC is still unclear. This study provided evidence that ferroptosis is a critical driver of sorafenib-induced cell death in NSCLC, supported by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, indicative of oxidative stress-induced cell death. Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ferroptosis contributed to a significant portion of the anti-cancer effects elicited by sorafenib in NSCLC. The noticeable accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in sorafenib-treated mice underscored the significance of ferroptosis as a contributing factor to the therapeutic response of sorafenib in NSCLC. Furthermore, we identified the involvement of the STAT3/MCL1 axis in sorafenib-induced antitumor activity in NSCLC. Mechanistically, sorafenib inhibited endogenous STAT3 activation and downregulated MCL1 protein expression, consequently unleashing the ferroptosis driver BECN1 from the BECN1-MCL1 complex. Conversely, there is an augmented association of BECN1 with the catalytic subunit of system Xc-, SLC7A11, whose activity to import cystine and alleviate lipid peroxidation is hindered upon its binding with BECN1. Notably, we found that MCL1 upregulation correlated with ferroptosis resistance in NSCLC upon sorafenib treatment. Our findings highlight the importance of sorafenib-triggered ferroptosis in NSCLC and offer a novel strategy to treat advanced NSCLC patients: by downregulating MCL1 and, in turn, predispose NSCLC cells to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Huang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shuo Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 231009, Taiwan.
| | - Shiao-Ya Hong
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
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11
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Banerjee S, Lu S, Jain A, Wang I, Tao H, Srinivasan S, Nemeth E, He P. Targeting PKC alleviates iron overload in diabetes and hemochromatosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.28.569107. [PMID: 38076948 PMCID: PMC10705472 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.569107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Iron overload increases the incidence of diabetes and aggravates diabetic complications that cause mortality. Reciprocally, diabetes potentially promotes body iron loading, but the mechanism remains not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated systemic iron excess and the upregulation of iron exporter ferroportin (Fpn) in the enterocytes and macrophages of multiple diabetic mouse models. Increased Fpn expression and iron efflux was also seen in the enterocytes of type 2 diabetic human patients. We further showed that protein kinase C (PKC), which is activated in hyperglycemia, was responsible for the sustained membrane expression of Fpn in physiological and in diabetic settings. For the first time, we identified that PKCs were novel binding proteins and positive regulators of Fpn. Mechanistically, hyperactive PKC promoted exocytotic membrane insertion while inhibited the endocytic trafficking of Fpn in the resting state. PKC also protected Fpn from internalization and degradation by its ligand hepcidin dependent on decreased ubiquitination and increased phosphorylation of Fpn. Importantly, the loss-of-function and pharmacological inhibition of PKC alleviated systemic iron overload in diabetes and hemochromatosis. Our study thus highlights PKC as a novel target in the control of systemic iron homeostasis.
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12
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Dai Y, Zhou S, Qiao L, Peng Z, Zhao J, Xu D, Wu C, Li M, Zeng X, Wang Q. Non-apoptotic programmed cell deaths in diabetic pulmonary dysfunction: the new side of advanced glycation end products. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1126661. [PMID: 37964954 PMCID: PMC10641270 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1126661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs and systems, including the pulmonary system. Pulmonary dysfunction in DM patients has been observed and studied for years, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In addition to traditional mechanisms such as the production and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), angiopathy, tissue glycation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation, recent studies have focused on programmed cell deaths (PCDs), especially the non-apoptotic ones, in diabetic pulmonary dysfunction. Non-apoptotic PCDs (NAPCDs) including autophagic cell death, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and copper-induced cell death have been found to have certain correlations with diabetes and relevant complications. The AGE-AGE receptor (RAGE) axis not only plays an important role in the traditional pathogenesis of diabetes lung disease but also plays an important role in non-apoptotic cell death. In this review, we summarize novel studies about the roles of non-apoptotic PCDs in diabetic pulmonary dysfunction and focus on their interactions with the AGE-RAGE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Qiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chanyuan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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13
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DeRuisseau LR, Receno CN, Cunningham C, Bates ML, Goodell M, Liang C, Eassa B, Pascolla J, DeRuisseau KC. Breathing and Oxygen Carrying Capacity in Ts65Dn and Down Syndrome. FUNCTION 2023; 4:zqad058. [PMID: 37954975 PMCID: PMC10634617 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome (Ds) are at increased risk of respiratory infection, aspiration pneumonia, and apnea. The Ts65Dn mouse is a commonly used model of Ds, but there have been no formal investigations of awake breathing and respiratory muscle function in these mice. We hypothesized that breathing would be impaired in Ts65Dn vs. wild-type (WT), and would be mediated by both neural and muscular inputs. Baseline minute ventilation was not different at 3, 6, or 12 mo of age. However, VT/Ti, a marker of the neural drive to breathe, was lower in Ts65Dn vs. WT and central apneas were more prevalent. The response to breathing hypoxia was not different, but the response to hypercapnia was attenuated, revealing a difference in carbon dioxide sensing, and/or motor output in Ts65Dn. Oxygen desaturations were present in room air, demonstrating that ventilation may not be sufficient to maintain adequate oxygen saturation in Ts65Dn. We observed no differences in arterial PO2 or PCO2, but Ts65Dn had lower hemoglobin and hematocrit. A retrospective medical record review of 52,346 Ds and 52,346 controls confirmed an elevated relative risk of anemia in Ds. We also performed eupneic in-vivo electromyography and in-vitro muscle function and histological fiber typing of the diaphragm, and found no difference between strains. Overall, conscious respiration is impaired in Ts65Dn, is mediated by neural mechanisms, and results in reduced hemoglobin saturation. Oxygen carrying capacity is reduced in Ts65Dn vs. WT, and we demonstrate that individuals with Ds are also at increased risk of anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R DeRuisseau
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Candace N Receno
- Department of Exercise Science and Athletic Training, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Caitlin Cunningham
- Department of Statistics, Mathematics and Computer Science, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, NY 13214, USA
| | - Melissa L Bates
- Departments of Health and Human Physiology, Internal Medicine, and the Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Morgan Goodell
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Elmira, NY 14901, USA
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642,USA
| | - Brianna Eassa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, NY 13214, USA
| | - Jessica Pascolla
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Keith C DeRuisseau
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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14
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Walter S, Mertens C, Muckenthaler MU, Ott C. Cardiac iron metabolism during aging - Role of inflammation and proteolysis. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 215:111869. [PMID: 37678569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron is the most abundant trace element in the human body. Since iron can switch between its 2-valent and 3-valent form it is essential in various physiological processes such as energy production, proliferation or DNA synthesis. Especially high metabolic organs such as the heart rely on iron-associated iron-sulfur and heme proteins. However, due to switches in iron oxidation state, iron overload exhibits high toxicity through formation of reactive oxygen species, underlining the importance of balanced iron levels. Growing evidence demonstrates disturbance of this balance during aging. While age-associated cardiovascular diseases are often related to iron deficiency, in physiological aging cardiac iron accumulates. To understand these changes, we focused on inflammation and proteolysis, two hallmarks of aging, and their role in iron metabolism. Via the IL-6-hepcidin axis, inflammation and iron status are strongly connected often resulting in anemia accompanied by infiltration of macrophages. This tight connection between anemia and inflammation highlights the importance of the macrophage iron metabolism during inflammation. Age-related decrease in proteolytic activity additionally affects iron balance due to impaired degradation of iron metabolism proteins. Therefore, this review accentuates alterations in iron metabolism during aging with regards to inflammation and proteolysis to draw attention to their implications and associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Walter
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Wuppertal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Mertens
- Center for Translational Biomedical Iron Research, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Immunology, and Hematology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Center for Translational Biomedical Iron Research, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Immunology, and Hematology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Wuppertal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Masehi-Lano JJ, Deyssenroth M, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL, Molteno CD, Dodge NC, Wainwright HC, Meintjes EM, Lesseur C, Cheng H, Li Q, Hao K, Chen J, Carter RC. Alterations in Placental Inflammation-Related Gene Expression Partially Mediate the Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Consumption on Maternal Iron Homeostasis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4105. [PMID: 37836388 PMCID: PMC10574168 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations in maternal and infant iron homeostasis that are consistent with changes seen in the setting of inflammation. We hypothesized that PAE leads to alterations in the placental expression of genes related to iron metabolism and inflammation that play functional roles in the teratogenic effects of alcohol on iron homeostasis. A total of 126 heavy-drinking women (≥1 oz (30 mL) absolute alcohol/day (~1.67 standard drinks/day) or women reporting binge drinking (≥2 drinks/occasion)) and 80 control women (<0.5 oz AA per day, no binging) in Cape Town, South Africa were interviewed prenatally regarding demographics, and alcohol, smoking, and drug use around conception and during pregnancy. Prenatal/maternal and infant hemoglobin and ferritin were measured. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis was performed on flash-frozen transplacental tissue samples. Gene sets related to iron metabolism (n = 398) and inflammation (n = 467) were constructed by searching the Molecular Signatures Database for related ontology terms. Principal component analysis (PCA) yielded 59 factors for each theme. In multivariable regression models, PAE was related to 2 iron metabolism PCA factors (PCs) and 5 inflammation PCs, among which 2 iron metabolism and 4 inflammation factors were related to at least 1 key maternal or infant iron outcome. In causal inference analyses based on marginal structural models and the product method, the alterations in the expression profile of genes with functions in immune cell regulation, cytokine activity, angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, and ubiquitous cell processes appeared to partially mediate the relation of prenatal drinking frequency (days/week) around conception to a lower maternal hemoglobin-to-log(ferritin) ratio (proportion mediation = 51.35%). These findings suggest that placental inflammation may be partly responsible for the differences in alcohol-related iron homeostasis patterns between pregnant and non-pregnant adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline J. Masehi-Lano
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sandra W. Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Joseph L. Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Christopher D. Molteno
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Neil C. Dodge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Helen C. Wainwright
- Department of Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Ernesta M. Meintjes
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Haoxiang Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - R. Colin Carter
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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16
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Tomosugi N, Koshino Y, Ogawa C, Maeda K, Shimada N, Tomita K, Daimon S, Shikano T, Ryu K, Takatani T, Sakamoto K, Ueyama S, Nagasaku D, Nakamura M, Ra S, Nishimura M, Takagi C, Ishii Y, Kudo N, Takechi S, Ishizu T, Yanagawa T, Fukuda M, Nitta Y, Yamaoka T, Saito T, Imayoshi S, Omata M, Oshima J, Onozaki A, Ichihashi H, Matsushima Y, Takae H, Nakazawa R, Ikeda K, Tsuboi M, Konishi K, Kato S, Ooura M, Koyama M, Naganuma T, Ogi M, Katayama S, Okumura T, Kameda S, Shirai S. Oral Iron Absorption of Ferric Citrate Hydrate and Hepcidin-25 in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13779. [PMID: 37762085 PMCID: PMC10531220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral ferric citrate hydrate (FCH) is effective for iron deficiencies in hemodialysis patients; however, how iron balance in the body affects iron absorption in the intestinal tract remains unclear. This prospective observational study (Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial, R-OIAT, UMIN 000031406) was conducted at 42 hemodialysis centers in Japan, wherein 268 hemodialysis patients without inflammation were enrolled and treated with a fixed amount of FCH for 6 months. We assessed the predictive value of hepcidin-25 for iron absorption and iron shift between ferritin (FTN) and red blood cells (RBCs) following FCH therapy. Serum iron changes at 2 h (ΔFe2h) after FCH ingestion were evaluated as iron absorption. The primary outcome was the quantitative delineation of iron variables with respect to ΔFe2h, and the secondary outcome was the description of the predictors of the body's iron balance. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to identify the determinants of iron absorption during each phase of FCH treatment. ΔFe2h increased when hepcidin-25 and TSAT decreased (-0.459, -0.643 to -0.276, p = 0.000; -0.648, -1.099 to -0.197, p = 0.005, respectively) in GEEs. FTN increased when RBCs decreased (-1.392, -1.749 to -1.035, p = 0.000) and hepcidin-25 increased (0.297, 0.239 to 0.355, p = 0.000). Limiting erythropoiesis to maintain hemoglobin levels induces RBC reduction in hemodialysis patients, resulting in increased hepcidin-25 and FTN levels. Hepcidin-25 production may prompt an iron shift from RBC iron to FTN iron, inhibiting iron absorption even with continued FCH intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Tomosugi
- Division of Systems Bioscience for Drug Discovery, Project Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | | | - Chie Ogawa
- Maeda Institute of Renal Research Musashikosugi, Kawasaki 211-0063, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Kunimi Maeda
- Maeda Institute of Renal Research Shakujii, Nerima 177-0041, Tokyo, Japan;
| | | | - Kimio Tomita
- The Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tomei Atsugi General Hospital, Atsugi 243-8571, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Shoichiro Daimon
- Department of Nephrology, Daimon Clinic for Internal Medicine, Nonoichi 921-8802, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Tsutomu Shikano
- Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital, Kuze 613-0034, Kyoto, Japan; (T.S.); (K.R.)
| | - Kazuyuki Ryu
- Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital, Kuze 613-0034, Kyoto, Japan; (T.S.); (K.R.)
| | - Toru Takatani
- Nephrology Division, Tojinkai Hospital, Fushimi 612-8026, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Kazuya Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Tomakomai Nisshou Hospital, Tomakomai 053-0803, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Satonori Ueyama
- Jinaikai Ueyama Hospital, Kagoshima 890-0073, Kagoshima, Japan;
| | | | | | - Shibun Ra
- Noheji Clinic, Noheji 039-3152, Aomori, Japan;
| | | | | | - Yoji Ishii
- Nozatomon Clinic, Himeji 670-0011, Hyogo, Japan;
| | | | | | - Takashi Ishizu
- Department of Nephrology, Tsukuba Central Hospital, Ushiku 300-1211, Ibaraki, Japan; (T.I.); (T.Y.)
| | - Takamoto Yanagawa
- Department of Nephrology, Tsukuba Central Hospital, Ushiku 300-1211, Ibaraki, Japan; (T.I.); (T.Y.)
| | | | - Yutaka Nitta
- The Department of Nephrology, Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital, Shimonoseki 759-6603, Yamaguchi, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Takayuki Yamaoka
- The Department of Nephrology, Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital, Shimonoseki 759-6603, Yamaguchi, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Taku Saito
- Saito Memorial Hospital, Kawaguchi 332-0034, Saitama, Japan; (T.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Suzuko Imayoshi
- Saito Memorial Hospital, Kawaguchi 332-0034, Saitama, Japan; (T.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Momoyo Omata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hachioji Azumacho Clinic, Hachioji-shi 192-0082, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Joji Oshima
- Kubojima Clinic, Kumagaya 360-0831, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Akira Onozaki
- Tokatsu-Clinic Hospital, Matsudo 271-0067, Chiba, Japan;
| | | | | | | | | | - Koichi Ikeda
- Tokatsu Clinic Koiwa, Edogawa 133-0056, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Masato Tsuboi
- Kaikoukai Anjo Kyoritsu Clinic, Anjo 446-0065, Aichi, Japan;
| | | | - Shouzaburo Kato
- Nishi Interchange Clinic for Internal Medicine and Dialysis, Kanazawa 921-8001, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Maki Ooura
- Maro Clinic, Tanabe 646-0004, Wakayama, Japan;
| | | | - Tsukasa Naganuma
- Department of Nephrology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu 400-0027, Yamanashi, Japan;
| | - Makoto Ogi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yuurinkouseikai Fuji Hospital, Gotemba 412-0043, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | | | | | - Shigemi Kameda
- Joetsu General Hospital, Joetsu 943-8507, Niigata, Japan;
| | - Sayuri Shirai
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University Yokohama Seibu Hospital, Yokohama 241-0811, Kanagawa, Japan;
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17
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Olivari V, Di Modica SM, Lidonnici MR, Aghajan M, Cordero-Sanchez C, Tanzi E, Pettinato M, Pagani A, Tiboni F, Silvestri L, Guo S, Ferrari G, Nai A. A single approach to targeting transferrin receptor 2 corrects iron and erythropoietic defects in murine models of anemia of inflammation and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2023; 104:61-73. [PMID: 36990212 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of systemic inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines both decrease erythroblast sensitivity to erythropoietin (EPO) and increase the levels of the hepatic hormone hepcidin, sequestering iron in stores and causing functional iron deficiency. Anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a peculiar form of anemia of inflammation, characterized by impaired EPO production paralleling progressive kidney damage. Traditional therapy based on increased EPO (often in combination with iron) may have off-target effects due to EPO interaction with its non-erythroid receptors. Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) is a mediator of the iron-erythropoiesis crosstalk. Its deletion in the liver hampers hepcidin production, increasing iron absorption, whereas its deletion in the hematopoietic compartment increases erythroid EPO sensitivity and red blood cell production. Here, we show that selective hematopoietic Tfr2 deletion ameliorates anemia in mice with sterile inflammation in the presence of normal kidney function, promoting EPO responsiveness and erythropoiesis without increasing serum EPO levels. In mice with CKD, characterized by absolute rather than functional iron deficiency, Tfr2 hematopoietic deletion had a similar effect on erythropoiesis but anemia improvement was transient because of limited iron availability. Also, increasing iron levels by downregulating only hepatic Tfr2 had a minor effect on anemia. However, simultaneous deletion of hematopoietic and hepatic Tfr2, stimulating erythropoiesis and increased iron supply, was sufficient to ameliorate anemia for the entire protocol. Thus, our results suggest that combined targeting of hematopoietic and hepatic Tfr2 may be a therapeutic option to balance erythropoiesis stimulation and iron increase, without affecting EPO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violante Olivari
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Maria Di Modica
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Lidonnici
- Gene Transfer into Stem Cell Unit, SR-Tiget, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Celia Cordero-Sanchez
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Tanzi
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Pettinato
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Pagani
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tiboni
- Gene Transfer into Stem Cell Unit, SR-Tiget, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Silvestri
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Shuling Guo
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Giuliana Ferrari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Gene Transfer into Stem Cell Unit, SR-Tiget, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Nai
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Alshwaiyat NM, Ahmad A, Al-Jamal HAN. Effect of diet-induced weight loss on iron status and its markers among young women with overweight/obesity and iron deficiency anemia: a randomized controlled trial. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1155947. [PMID: 37284649 PMCID: PMC10240069 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1155947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity and iron deficiency are prevalent health problems that affect billions of people all over the world. Obesity is postulated to relate to iron deficiency via reduced intestinal iron absorption due to increased serum hepcidin level, which is mediated by chronic inflammation. Weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity and iron deficiency anemia is believed to be associated with an improvement in iron status however the evidence from clinical trials is scarce. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of diet-induced weight loss on iron status and its markers among young women with overweight/obesity and iron deficiency anemia. Methods The study design was a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms (weight loss intervention vs control). Study participants were recruited using the convenience sampling method through public advertisements posted and disseminated through social media. Interested and potential participants were asked to visit the Diet Clinic for eligibility screening. A total of 62 women were recruited and randomized into weight loss intervention and control group. The intervention duration was three months. The intervention group received individual consultation sessions with the dietitian and tailored energy-restricted diets. Physical activity levels, dietary intake, anthropometric measurements and clinical markers were measured at baseline and end of the trial. Results There was a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in body weight of the intervention group (-7.4 ± 2.7 kg) that was associated with significant improvements in iron status and its markers (p < 0.01). The intervention group experienced a significant increase in hemoglobin (0.5 ± 0.6 g/dL), serum ferritin (5.6 ± 5.8 ng/mL), and serum iron (13.0 ± 16.2 µg/dL), and a significant decrease in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-5.2 ± 5.6 mg/L), and serum hepcidin level (-1.9 ± 2.2 ng/mL) at the end of the trial. Conclusion Our findings indicate that diet-induced weight loss among participants was associated with an improvement in iron status and its related clinical markers. Clinical Trial Registration [https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20221009001], identifier [TCTR20221009001].
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Mohammad Alshwaiyat
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Aryati Ahmad
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Ali Nagi Al-Jamal
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Sardo U, Perrier P, Cormier K, Sotin M, Desquesnes A, Cannizzo L, Ruiz-Martinez M, Thevenin J, Billoré B, Jung G, Abboud E, Peyssonnaux C, Nemeth E, Ginzburg YZ, Ganz T, Kautz L. The hepatokine FGL1 regulates hepcidin and iron metabolism during the recovery from hemorrhage-induced anemia in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.06.535920. [PMID: 37066218 PMCID: PMC10104156 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.06.535920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
As a functional component of erythrocyte hemoglobin, iron is essential for oxygen delivery to all tissues in the body. The liver-derived peptide hepcidin is the master regulator of iron homeostasis. During anemia, the erythroid hormone erythroferrone regulates hepcidin synthesis to ensure adequate supply of iron to the bone marrow for red blood cells production. However, mounting evidence suggested that another factor may exert a similar function. We identified the hepatokine FGL1 as a previously undescribed suppressor of hepcidin that is induced in the liver in response to hypoxia during the recovery from anemia and in thalassemic mice. We demonstrated that FGL1 is a potent suppressor of hepcidin in vitro and in vivo . Deletion of Fgl1 in mice results in a blunted repression of hepcidin after bleeding. FGL1 exerts its activity by direct binding to BMP6, thereby inhibiting the canonical BMP-SMAD signaling cascade that controls hepcidin transcription. Key points 1/ FGL1 regulates iron metabolism during the recovery from anemia. 2/ FGL1 is an antagonist of the BMP/SMAD signaling pathway.
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Ganz T, Nemeth E. Pathogenic Mechanisms in Thalassemia II: Iron Overload. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:353-363. [PMID: 36907608 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload remains a lethal complication of β-thalassemia and other anemias caused by ineffective erythropoiesis. This review discusses the pathogenetic mechanisms of iron overload in thalassemia, at organismal, cellular, and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Ganz
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA.
| | - Elizabeta Nemeth
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA
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21
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Zhu M, Peng L, Huo S, Peng D, Gou J, Shi W, Tao J, Jiang T, Jiang Y, Wang Q, Huang B, Men L, Li S, Lv J, Lin L. STAT3 signaling promotes cardiac injury by upregulating NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and ferroptosis in high-fat-diet fed mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 201:111-125. [PMID: 36940731 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) intake provokes obesity and cardiac anomalies. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis plays a role in HFD-induced cardiac injury, but the underlying mechanism is largely unclear. Ferritinophagy is an important part of ferroptosis that is regulated by nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4). However, the relationship between ferritinophagy and HFD-induced cardiac damage has not been explored. In this study, we found that oleic acid/palmitic acid (OA/PA) increased the level of ferroptotic events including iron and ROS accumulation, upregulation of PTGS2 mRNA and protein levels, reduced SOD and GSH levels, and significant mitochondrial damage in H9C2 cells, which could be reversed by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Intriguingly, we found that the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine mitigated OA/PA-induced ferritin downregulation, iron overload and ferroptosis. OA/PA increased the protein level of NCOA4. Knockdown of NCOA4 by SiRNA partly reversed the reduction in ferritin, mitigated iron overload and lipid peroxidation, and subsequently alleviated OA/PA-induced cell death, indicating that NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy was required for OA/PA-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that NCOA4 was regulated by IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Inhibition or knockdown of STAT3 effectively reduced NCOA4 levels to protect H9C2 cells from ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis, whereas STAT3 overexpression by plasmid appeared to increase NCOA4 expression and contribute to classical ferroptotic events. Consistently, phosphorylated STAT3 upregulation, ferritinophagy activation, and ferroptosis induction also occurred in HFD-fed mice and were responsible for HFD-induced cardiac injury. In addition, we found evidence that piperlongumine, a natural compound, effectively reduced phosphorylated STAT3 levels to protect cardiomyocytes from ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Based on these findings, we concluded that ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis was one of the critical mechanisms contributing to HFD-induced cardiac injury. The STAT3/NCOA4/FTH1 axis might be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of HFD-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengqi Huo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dewei Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Gou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Tao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingyu Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lintong Men
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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22
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Yuan H, Liu Y, Zhang J, Dong JF, Zhao Z. Transcription factors in megakaryocytes and platelets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1140501. [PMID: 36969155 PMCID: PMC10034027 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1140501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors bind promoter or regulatory sequences of a gene to regulate its rate of transcription. However, they are also detected in anucleated platelets. The transcription factors RUNX1, GATA1, STAT3, NFκB, and PPAR have been widely reported to play key roles in the pathophysiology of platelet hyper-reactivity, thrombosis, and atherosclerosis. These non-transcriptional activities are independent of gene transcription or protein synthesis but their underlying mechanisms of action remain poorly defined. Genetic and acquired defects in these transcription factors are associated with the production of platelet microvesicles that are known to initiate and propagate coagulation and to promote thrombosis. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the study of transcription factors in platelet generation, reactivity, and production of microvesicles, with a focus on non-transcriptional activities of selected transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjie Yuan
- Tianjin Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- BloodWorks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yafan Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-fei Dong
- BloodWorks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zilong Zhao, ; Jing-fei Dong,
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- BloodWorks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zilong Zhao, ; Jing-fei Dong,
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Abstract
African trypanosomes are bloodstream protozoan parasites that infect mammals including humans, where they cause sleeping sickness. Long-lasting infection is required to favor parasite transmission between hosts. Therefore, trypanosomes have developed strategies to continuously escape innate and adaptive responses of the immune system, while also preventing premature death of the host. The pathology linked to infection mainly results from inflammation and includes anemia and brain dysfunction in addition to loss of specificity and memory of the antibody response. The serum of humans contains an efficient trypanolytic factor, the membrane pore-forming protein apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1). In the two human-infective trypanosomes, specific parasite resistance factors inhibit APOL1 activity. In turn, many African individuals express APOL1 variants that counteract these resistance factors, enabling them to avoid sleeping sickness. However, these variants are associated with chronic kidney disease, particularly in the context of virus-induced inflammation such as coronavirus disease 2019. Vaccination perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Pays
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium;
| | - Magdalena Radwanska
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; .,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Singh MK, Yadav R, Bhaskar AK, Sengupta S, Sachidanandan C. A diet-independent zebrafish model for NAFLD recapitulates patient lipid profiles and offers a system for small molecule screening. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159246. [PMID: 36202338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) or pathological hepatic lipid overload, is considered to affect obese individuals. However, NAFLD in lean individuals is prevalent, especially in South Asian population. The pathophysiology of lean NAFLD is not well understood and most animal models of NAFLD use the high-fat diet paradigm. To bridge this gap, we have developed a diet-independent model of NAFLD in zebrafish. We have previously shown that chronic systemic inflammation causes metabolic changes in the liver leading to hepatic fat accumulation in an IL6 overexpressing (IL6-OE) zebrafish model. In the present study, we compared the hepatic lipid composition of adult IL6-OE zebrafish to the controls and found an accumulation of saturated triacylglycerols and a reduction in the unsaturated triacylglycerol species reminiscent of NAFLD patients. Zebrafish is an ideal system for chemical genetic screens. We tested whether the hepatic lipid accumulation in the IL6-OE is responsive to chemical treatment. We found that PPAR-gamma agonist Rosiglitazone, known to reduce lipid overload in the high-fat diet models of NAFLD, could ameliorate the fatty liver phenotype of the IL6-OE fish. Rosiglitazone treatment reduced the accumulation of saturated lipids and showed a concomitant increase in unsaturated TAG species in our inflammation-induced NAFLD model. Our observations suggest that the IL6-OE model can be effective for small molecule screening to identify compounds that can reverse hepatic lipid accumulation, especially relevant to lean NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Rohit Yadav
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Akash Kumar Bhaskar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chetana Sachidanandan
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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25
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Ali RB, Ahmed MH, Ibrahim HK, Mahmood HS. Tracking hepcidin level in induced type 2 diabetic rats and how Empagliflozin affects its level. JOURNAL OF POPULATION THERAPEUTICS AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY = JOURNAL DE LA THERAPEUTIQUE DES POPULATIONS ET DE LA PHARMACOLOGIE CLINIQUE 2022; 29:e158-e166. [PMID: 36473727 DOI: 10.47750/jptcp.2022.965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepcidin is a hormone that contributes to iron homeostasis, produced either through hepatic or extrahepatic pathways. Its production may be affected by proinflammatory mediators released by macrophages, which play a role in the development of peripheral insulin resistance. Insulin itself may increase the production of hepcidin hormone from pancreatic β-cells. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of induction of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in albino wister rats on the level of hepcidin. Also, to examine the role of 2-week use of Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2 Inhibitor), on the hepcidin level comparing to control. METHOD An interventional study includes randomization of 36 rats into three groups (A: negative control, B: positive control, and C: Empagliflozin group). Two rats were excluded from the study for different reasons. T2DM was induced using high-fat diet/high-sugar diet (HFD/HSD) for 8 weeks. Empagliflozin was then given to Group C for 2 weeks at a dose of 35 mg/kg/day. Hepcidin level was determined at the baseline, and at week 8 and week 10 intervals. Hepcidin was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Hepcidin level significantly increased following the induction of T2DM in both B and C Groups. Hepcidin level in Group B insignificantly reduced 2 weeks after discontinuation of HFD/HSD and significantly reduced in Group C. Group A experienced no statistical difference in hepcidin level at week 10 when compared to baseline. CONCLUSION Induction of T2DM is associated with a significant increase in the level of hepcidin. Empagliflozin significantly reduced hepcidin level in newly induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyam Bassil Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mansoor Technical Medical Institute/Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Majid Hameed Ahmed
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Haidar K Ibrahim
- Pharmacy Department/Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Yarmouk University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hasanain Sh Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Karbala, Kerbala, Iraq.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Laboratory sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, Iraq;
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Qiu F, Wu L, Yang G, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun X, Chen X, Wang N. The role of iron metabolism in chronic diseases related to obesity. Mol Med 2022; 28:130. [PMID: 36335331 PMCID: PMC9636637 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major public health problems threatening the world, as well as a potential risk factor for chronic metabolic diseases. There is growing evidence that iron metabolism is altered in obese people, however, the highly refined regulation of iron metabolism in obesity and obesity-related complications is still being investigated. Iron accumulation can affect the body’s sensitivity to insulin, Type 2 diabetes, liver disease and cardiovascular disease. This review summarized the changes and potential mechanisms of iron metabolism in several chronic diseases related to obesity, providing new clues for future research.
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27
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Lila AM, Galushko EA, Semashko AS. Pathophysiology of iron and hepcidin metabolism: research perspectives in rheumatolog. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.47360/1995-4484-2022-519-525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Несмотря на прогресс в изучении метаболизма железа, анемия хронического воспаления (АХВ) и дефицит железа по-прежнему остаются серьезными глобальными проблемами здравоохранения. При иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях (РЗ) наиболее частыми их вариантами являются железодефицитная анемия (ЖДА) как наиболее распространенный тип анемии, и АХВ, которая сама по себе может утяжелять течение основного заболевания за счет перегрузки железом тканей, дополнительной активации и поддержания активности воспаления. В течение последних лет широко обсуждается диагностическая и терапевтическая роль гепсидина как ключевого регулятора метаболизма железа. Изучение путей регуляции и синтеза гепсидина при иммуновоспалительных РЗ может иметь немаловажное значение для выявления патогенетических механизмов, лежащих в основе формирования резистентности к проводимой терапии, а также к появлению у пациентов тяжелой сопутствующей патологии, затрудняющей назначение адекватной терапии. Наиболее интересными с точки зрения перспективы дальнейшего изучения являются ось интерлейкин 6 – JAK2 – STAT3 и хроническая гипоксия, которая встречается при таких хронических состояниях, как сердечно-сосудистая патология, хроническая болезнь почек, интерстициальное поражение легких и др.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Lila
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
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The role of iron in chronic inflammatory diseases: from mechanisms to treatment options in anemia of inflammation. Blood 2022; 140:2011-2023. [PMID: 35994752 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia of inflammation (AI) is a highly prevalent comorbidity in patients affected by chronic inflammatory disorders, such as chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or cancer, that negatively affect disease outcome and quality of life. The pathophysiology of AI is multifactorial, with inflammatory hypoferremia and iron-restricted erythropoiesis playing a major role in the context of disease-specific factors. Here, we review the recent progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to iron dysregulation in AI, the impact of hypoferremia and anemia on the course of the underlying disease, and (novel) therapeutic strategies applied to treat AI.
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Kim SL, Shin S, Yang SJ. Iron Homeostasis and Energy Metabolism in Obesity. Clin Nutr Res 2022; 11:316-330. [PMID: 36381472 PMCID: PMC9633967 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2022.11.4.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron plays a role in energy metabolism as a component of vital enzymes and electron transport chains (ETCs) for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation are crucial in generating ATP in mitochondria. At the mitochondria matrix, heme and iron-sulfur clusters are synthesized. Iron-sulfur cluster is a part of the aconitase in the TCA cycle and a functional or structural component of electron transfer proteins. Heme is the prosthetic group for cytochrome c, a principal component of the respiratory ETC. Regarding fat metabolism, iron regulates mitochondrial fat oxidation and affects the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Thermogenesis is a process that increases energy expenditure, and BAT is a tissue that generates heat via mitochondrial fuel oxidation. Iron deficiency may impair mitochondrial fuel oxidation by inhibiting iron-containing molecules, leading to decreased energy expenditure. Although it is expected that impaired mitochondrial fuel oxidation may be restored by iron supplementation, its underlying mechanisms have not been clearly identified. Therefore, this review summarizes the current evidence on how iron regulates energy metabolism considering the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and thermogenesis. Additionally, we relate iron-mediated metabolic regulation to obesity and obesity-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Lin Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Korea
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30
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The relationship between anemia and obesity. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:911-926. [PMID: 36189499 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2131521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is linked to a variety of unfavourable outcomes, including anaemia, which is a serious global public health problem. The prevalence of obesity along with anaemia suggests a relationship between obesity and anaemia. Recent studies have demonstrated strong associations between anaemia and obesity, chronic diseases, ageing, hepato-renal impairment, chronic infection, autoimmune diseases, and widespread malignancy. Thus, the intersection point of obesity and anaemia is an important area of attention. AREA COVERED This paper reviews the pathophysiology of obesity and anaemia. Then, It deliberates the relationship between obesity and different types of anaemia and other clinical forms associated with anaemia. EXPERT OPINION Obesity, especially obesity-related to excessive visceral fat distribution, is accompanied by several disturbances at the endothelial, hormonal, and inflammatory levels. These disturbances induce activation of several mechanisms that contribute to the anaemic state. Over-weight patients with chronic anaemias are required to maintain the related vitamins and minerals at optimum levels and appropriate BMI. In addition, a regular clinical follow-up is essential to be scheduled to reduce the risk of complications associated with anaemia in obese patients.
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31
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Matsumura M, Murakami M, Funaba M. Transcriptional activation of hepcidin by the microphthalmia/transcription factor E family. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:742-749. [PMID: 36062805 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepcidin negatively regulates the circulating iron levels by inhibiting the intestinal absorption of iron as well as iron release from macrophages. Hepcidin activity is largely determined by its expression, which is regulated at the transcriptional level. Hepcidin transcription is induced not only by the iron status-related bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2/6, but also by inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. The present study reveals that the microphthalmia (MiT)/transcription factor E (TFE) family members are novel regulators of hepcidin transcription. Melanocyte-inducing transcription factor (MITF)-A, a member of the MiT/TFE family, was identified as a positive regulator of hepcidin transcription via stimulus screening for transcription regulators. An E-box (5'-CATGTG-3') spanning nt-645 to nt-640 of the murine hepcidin promoter was identified as an MITF-A-responsive element. Responsiveness to MITF-A on hepcidin transcription decreased when the cells were stimulated with BMP2 or IL-1β. These results suggest a functional interaction between the MITF pathway and BMP- or IL-1β-mediated signaling. TFEB and TFE3, members of the MiT/TFE family, also stimulated hepcidin transcription, but the main region responsible for hepcidin transcription was distinct from that induced by MITF-A. The region spanning nt-581 to nt-526 was involved in TFEB/TFE3-mediated hepcidin transcription. Considering that members of the MiT/TFE family act as regulators of starvation-induced lysosomal biogenesis, hepcidin expression may be controlled by additional pathways apart from those identified so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Matsumura
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaru Murakami
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masayuki Funaba
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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32
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Barney DE, Ippolito JR, Berryman CE, Hennigar SR. A Prolonged Bout of Running Increases Hepcidin and Decreases Dietary Iron Absorption in Trained Female and Male Runners. J Nutr 2022; 152:2039-2047. [PMID: 35661896 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Declines in iron status are frequently reported in those who regularly engage in strenuous physical activity. A possible reason is increases in the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, which functions to inhibit dietary iron absorption and can be induced by the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to determine the impact of a prolonged bout of running on hepcidin and dietary iron absorption in trained female and male runners. METHODS Trained female and male collegiate cross country runners (n = 28, age: 19.7 ± 1.2 y, maximal oxygen uptake: 66.1 ± 6.1 mL $\cdot$ kg -1$\cdot$ min-2, serum ferritin: 21.9 ± 13.3 ng/mL) performed a prolonged run (98.8 ± 14.7 min, 21.2 ± 3.8 km, 4.7 ± 0.3 min/km) during a team practice. Participants consumed a stable iron isotope with a standardized meal 2 h postrun and blood was collected 1 h later. The protocol was repeated 2 wk later except participants abstained from exercise (rest). RBCs were collected 15 d after exercise and rest to determine isotope enrichment. Differences between exercise and rest were assessed by paired t tests and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank tests. Data are means ± SDs. RESULTS Plasma hepcidin increased 51% after exercise (45.8 ± 34.4 ng/mL) compared with rest (30.3 ± 27.2 ng/mL, P = 0.0010). Fractional iron absorption was reduced by 36% after exercise (11.8 ± 14.6 %) compared with rest (18.5 ± 14.4 %, P = 0.025). Plasma IL-6 was greater after exercise (0.660 ± 0.354 pg/mL) than after rest (0.457 ± 0.212 pg/mL, P < 0.0001). Exploratory analyses revealed that the increase in hepcidin with exercise may be driven by a response in males but not females. CONCLUSIONS A prolonged bout of running increases hepcidin and decreases dietary iron absorption compared with rest in trained runners with low iron stores. The current study supports that IL-6 contributes to the increase in hepcidin with prolonged physical activity, although future studies should explore potential sex differences in the hepcidin response.This trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04079322.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Barney
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - James R Ippolito
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Claire E Berryman
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Stephen R Hennigar
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Rosa L, Cutone A, Conte MP, Campione E, Bianchi L, Valenti P. An overview on in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity of lactoferrin: its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Biometals 2022; 36:417-436. [PMID: 35920949 PMCID: PMC9362590 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Beyond the absolute and indisputable relevance and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the rapid transmission, the severity of infection, the absence of the protection on immunocompromised patients, the propagation of variants, the onset of infection and/or disease in vaccinated subjects and the lack of availability of worldwide vaccination require additional antiviral treatments. Since 1987, lactoferrin (Lf) is well-known to possess an antiviral activity related to its physico-chemical properties and to its ability to bind to both heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) of host cells and/or surface components of viral particles. In the present review, we summarize in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the efficacy of Lf against DNA, RNA, enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Recent studies have revealed that the in vitro antiviral activity of Lf is also extendable to SARS-CoV-2. In vivo, Lf oral administration in early stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection counteracts COVID-19 pathogenesis. In particular, the effect of Lf on SARS-CoV-2 entry, inflammatory homeostasis, iron dysregulation, iron-proteins synthesis, reactive oxygen formation, oxidative stress, gut-lung axis regulation as well as on RNA negativization, and coagulation/fibrinolysis balance will be critically reviewed. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underneath, including the Lf binding to HSPGs and spike glycoprotein, will be disclosed and discussed. Taken together, present data not only support the application of the oral administration of Lf alone in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients or as adjuvant of standard of care practice in symptomatic ones but also constitute the basis for enriching the limited literature on Lf effectiveness for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Conte
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Campione
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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Gao H, Jin Z, Bandyopadhyay G, Wang G, Zhang D, Rocha KCE, Liu X, Zhao H, Kisseleva T, Brenner DA, Karin M, Ying W. Aberrant iron distribution via hepatocyte-stellate cell axis drives liver lipogenesis and fibrosis. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1201-1213.e5. [PMID: 35921818 PMCID: PMC9365100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocytes have important roles in liver iron homeostasis, abnormalities in which are tightly associated with liver steatosis and fibrosis. Here, we show that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH) are characterized by iron-deficient hepatocytes and iron overload in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Iron deficiency enhances hepatocyte lipogenesis and insulin resistance through HIF2α-ATF4 signaling. Elevated secretion of iron-containing hepatocyte extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are normally cleared by Kupffer cells, accounts for hepatocyte iron deficiency and HSC iron overload in NAFLD/NASH livers. Iron accumulation results in overproduction of reactive oxygen species that promote HSC fibrogenic activation. Conversely, blocking hepatocyte EV secretion or depleting EV iron cargo restores liver iron homeostasis, concomitant with mitigation of NAFLD/NASH-associated liver steatosis and fibrosis. Taken together, these studies show that iron distribution disorders contribute to the development of liver metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gaowei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karina Cunha E Rocha
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Huayi Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David A Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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35
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Li ZD, Geng MY, Dou SR, Wang X, Zhang ZH, Chang YZ. Caffeine Decreases Hepcidin Expression to Alleviate Aberrant Iron Metabolism under Inflammation by Regulating the IL-6/STAT3 Pathway. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1025. [PMID: 35888113 PMCID: PMC9317204 DOI: 10.3390/life12071025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is well-known as a psychostimulant, and it can also be beneficial in numerous diseases such as diabetes and different types of cancer. Previous studies have shown that caffeine can have a protective role in bacterial infection-induced inflammation and hyperoxia-mediated pulmonary inflammation. Hepcidin, which is regulated by the IL-6/STAT3 inflammation pathway, is a peptide hormone that maintains systemic iron homeostasis. We hypothesized that caffeine's effects on inflammation may also influence hepcidin production and therefore systemic iron metabolism. To this end, we treated 2-month-old mice with caffeine by daily intragastric administration for 7 days, administering intraperitoneal LPS after the final caffeine treatment. Twelve hours after LPS treatment the mice were euthanized, and tissues were collected. We found that caffeine decreased hepatic hepcidin expression and attenuated LPS-induced hepatic hepcidin overexpression. IL-6 expression and STAT3 phosphorylation were also reduced upon caffeine administration. Additionally, hepatic and splenic FPN1 levels increased after caffeine treatment, leading to lower iron levels in liver and spleen tissues and higher iron levels in serum. Caffeine also prevented the increase in spleen weight and decrease in body weight after LPS treatment. Together, our findings suggest that caffeine decreases hepcidin expression via inhibiting inflammation and the activation of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway, thus presenting an attractive, potential therapeutic for the treatment of anemia of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan’erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Z.-D.L.); (M.-Y.G.); (S.-R.D.); (X.W.); (Z.-H.Z.)
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36
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Park WR, Choi B, Kim YJ, Kim YH, Park MJ, Kim DI, Choi HS, Kim DK. Melatonin Regulates Iron Homeostasis by Inducing Hepcidin Expression in Hepatocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073593. [PMID: 35408955 PMCID: PMC8998539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone, melatonin, plays important roles in circadian rhythms and energy metabolism. The hepatic peptide hormone, hepcidin, regulates iron homeostasis by triggering the degradation of ferroportin (FPN), the protein that transfers cellular iron to the blood. However, the role of melatonin in the transcriptional regulation of hepcidin is largely unknown. Here, we showed that melatonin upregulates hepcidin gene expression by enhancing the melatonin receptor 1 (MT1)-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in hepatocytes. Interestingly, hepcidin gene expression was increased during the dark cycle in the liver of mice, whereas serum iron levels decreased following hepcidin expression. In addition, melatonin significantly induced hepcidin gene expression and secretion, as well as the subsequent FPN degradation in hepatocytes, which resulted in cellular iron accumulation. Melatonin-induced hepcidin expression was significantly decreased by the melatonin receptor antagonist, luzindole, and by the knockdown of MT1. Moreover, melatonin activated JNK signaling and upregulated hepcidin expression, both of which were significantly decreased by SP600125, a specific JNK inhibitor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that luzindole significantly blocked melatonin-induced c-Jun binding to the hepcidin promoter. Finally, melatonin induced hepcidin expression and secretion by activating the JNK-c-Jun pathway in mice, which were reversed by the luzindole treatment. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of melatonin in the circadian regulation of hepcidin expression and iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Ram Park
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.-R.P.); (B.C.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Byungyoon Choi
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.-R.P.); (B.C.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Yu-Ji Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.-R.P.); (B.C.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (M.-J.P.); (D.-I.K.)
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (M.-J.P.); (D.-I.K.)
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.-R.P.); (B.C.); (Y.-J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2166; Fax: +82-62-530-2160
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Li LX, Guo FF, Liu H, Zeng T. Iron overload in alcoholic liver disease: underlying mechanisms, detrimental effects, and potential therapeutic targets. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:201. [PMID: 35325321 PMCID: PMC11071846 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a global public health challenge due to the high incidence and lack of effective therapeutics. Evidence from animal studies and ALD patients has demonstrated that iron overload is a hallmark of ALD. Ethanol exposure can promote iron absorption by downregulating the hepcidin expression, which is probably mediated by inducing oxidative stress and promoting erythropoietin (EPO) production. In addition, ethanol may enhance iron uptake in hepatocytes by upregulating the expression of transferrin receptor (TfR). Iron overload in the liver can aggravate ethanol-elicited liver damage by potentiating oxidative stress via Fenton reaction, promoting activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and inducing a recently discovered programmed iron-dependent cell death, ferroptosis. This article reviews the current knowledge of iron metabolism, regulators of iron homeostasis, the mechanism of ethanol-induced iron overload, detrimental effects of iron overload in the liver, and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xia Li
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fang-Fang Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Santacruz JC, Mantilla MJ, Rueda I, Pulido S, Rodriguez-Salas G, Londono J. A Practical Perspective of the Hematologic Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cureus 2022; 14:e22938. [PMID: 35399432 PMCID: PMC8986464 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology that can affect any organ or system of the human body. Hematological, renal, or central nervous system manifestations in these patients result in great morbidity because high doses of glucocorticoids, cytotoxic medications, or biological drugs are required to control these manifestations. It is noteworthy that hematological involvement predominates during the first years of the disease and tends to last over time, with the premise that it may be the initial manifestation of the disease. Clear examples of this are the cases of hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia that can be initially classified as idiopathic or primary to be later classified as secondary when associated with infections, medications, neoplasms, or autoimmune diseases. The spectrum of hematologic manifestations in SLE is very broad, including lymphopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, or pancytopenia. In some cases, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly are also identified. The vast majority of these manifestations denote high disease activity. However, many of these alterations have a multifactorial cause that must be taken into account to adopt a more complete therapeutic approach. The objective of this review is to characterize in detail the hematological manifestations of SLE to offer clinicians a practical vision of its diagnosis and treatment.
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39
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Videla LA, Valenzuela R. Perspectives in liver redox imbalance: Toxicological and pharmacological aspects underlying iron overloading, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and thyroid hormone action. Biofactors 2022; 48:400-415. [PMID: 34687092 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, leading to a disruption of redox signaling and control, and/or molecular damage altering cellular functions. This redox imbalance may trigger different responses depending on the antioxidant potential of a given cell, the level of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) attained and the time of exposure, with protective effects being induced at low ROS/RNS levels in acute or short-term conditions, and harmful effects after high ROS/RNS exposure in prolonged situations. Relevant conditions underlying liver redox imbalance include iron overload associated with ROS production via Fenton chemistry and the magnitude of the iron labile pool achieved, with low iron exposure inducing protective effects related to nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activation of transcription 3, and nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and upregulation of ferritin, hepcidin, acute-phase response and antioxidant components, whereas high iron exposure causes drastic oxidation of biomolecules, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death due to necrosis, apoptosis and/or ferroptosis. Redox imbalance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion, lipogenic factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c upregulation, fatty acid oxidation-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α downregulation, low antioxidant factor Nrf2 and insulin resistance, a phenomenon that is exacerbated in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis triggering an inflammatory response. Thyroid hormone (T3 ) administration determines liver preconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury due to the redox activation of several transcription factors, AMP-activated protein kinase, unfolded protein response and autophagy. High grade liver redox imbalance occurring in severe iron overload is adequately handled by iron chelation, however, that underlying NAFLD/NASH is currently under study in several Phase II and Phase III trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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40
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Deng Q, Yang S, Sun L, Dong K, Li Y, Wu S, Huang R. Salmonella effector SpvB aggravates dysregulation of systemic iron metabolism via modulating the hepcidin-ferroportin axis. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-18. [PMID: 33475464 PMCID: PMC7833757 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1849996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron withholding, an essential component of nutritional immunity, plays a fundamental role in host resistance to Salmonella infection. Our previous study showed that SpvB, an important pSLT-encoded cytotoxic effector, facilitated Salmonella pathogenesis within macrophages via perturbing cellular iron metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms of SpvB in Salmonella-relevant disorders of systemic iron metabolism have not yet been identified. Here, we demonstrated that SpvB facilitated Salmonella to scavenge iron from the host by modulating the hepcidin-ferroportin axis, a key regulator of systemic iron metabolism. We observed that SpvB enhanced hepatic hepcidin synthesis in a STAT3-dependent manner, but not the BMP/SMAD pathway. This subsequently resulted in a reduction of the unique cellular iron exporter ferroportin, which facilitated hypoferremia and hepatic iron accumulation and ultimately countered the limitation of iron availability, thereby improving the chances of Salmonella survival and replication. Moreover, SpvB promoted the production of proinflammatory molecules associated with the infiltration of inflammatory cells via highly upregulating TREM-1 signaling. Our data supported a role of TREM-1 in SpvB-related dysregulation of host iron metabolism and suggested that targeting TREM-1 might provide a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or alleviate Salmonella pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Deng
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China,CONTACT Shuyan Wu Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, No. 199, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Sidi Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China,Rui Huang Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, No. 199, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Lanqing Sun
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kedi Dong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shuyan Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China,CONTACT Shuyan Wu Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, No. 199, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China,Rui Huang Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, No. 199, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
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Czaya B, Heitman K, Campos I, Yanucil C, Kentrup D, Westbrook D, Gutierrez O, Babitt JL, Jung G, Salusky IB, Hanudel M, Faul C. Hyperphosphatemia increases inflammation to exacerbate anemia and skeletal muscle wasting independently of FGF23-FGFR4 signaling. eLife 2022; 11:74782. [PMID: 35302487 PMCID: PMC8963881 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevations in plasma phosphate concentrations (hyperphosphatemia) occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD), in certain genetic disorders, and following the intake of a phosphate-rich diet. Whether hyperphosphatemia and/or associated changes in metabolic regulators, including elevations of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) directly contribute to specific complications of CKD is uncertain. Here, we report that similar to patients with CKD, mice with adenine-induced CKD develop inflammation, anemia, and skeletal muscle wasting. These complications are also observed in mice fed high phosphate diet even without CKD. Ablation of pathologic FGF23-FGFR4 signaling did not protect mice on an increased phosphate diet or mice with adenine-induced CKD from these sequelae. However, low phosphate diet ameliorated anemia and skeletal muscle wasting in a genetic mouse model of CKD. Our mechanistic in vitro studies indicate that phosphate elevations induce inflammatory signaling and increase hepcidin expression in hepatocytes, a potential causative link between hyperphosphatemia, anemia, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Our study suggests that high phosphate intake, as caused by the consumption of processed food, may have harmful effects irrespective of pre-existing kidney injury, supporting not only the clinical utility of treating hyperphosphatemia in CKD patients but also arguing for limiting phosphate intake in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Czaya
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Kylie Heitman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Isaac Campos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Christopher Yanucil
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Dominik Kentrup
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - David Westbrook
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Orlando Gutierrez
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jodie L Babitt
- Division of Nephrology, Program in Membrane Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Grace Jung
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Isidro B Salusky
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Mark Hanudel
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Christian Faul
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
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Kan C, Lu X, Zhang R. Effects of hypoxia on bone metabolism and anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:10616-10625. [PMID: 35004993 PMCID: PMC8686129 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i34.10616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal bone metabolism and renal anemia seriously affect the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Existing studies have mostly addressed the pathogenesis and treatment of bone metabolism abnormality and anemia in patients with CKD, but few have evaluated their mutual connection. Administration of exogenous erythropoietin to CKD patients with anemia used to be the mainstay of therapeutic approaches; however, with the availability of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilizers such as roxadustat, more therapeutic choices for renal anemia are expected in the future. However, the effects posed by the hypoxic environment on both CKD complications remain incompletely understood. AIM To summarize the relationship between renal anemia and abnormal bone metabolism, and to discuss the influence of hypoxia on bone metabolism. METHODS CNKI and PubMed searches were performed using the key words "chronic kidney disease," "abnormal bone metabolism," "anemia," "hypoxia," and "HIF" to identify relevant articles published in multiple languages and fields. Reference lists from identified articles were reviewed to extract additional pertinent articles. Then we retrieved the Abstract and Introduction and searched the results from the literature, classified the extracted information, and summarized important information. Finally, we made our own conclusions. RESULTS There is a bidirectional relationship between renal anemia and abnormal bone metabolism. Abnormal vitamin D metabolism and hyperparathyroidism can affect bone metabolism, blood cell production, and survival rates through multiple pathways. Anemia will further attenuate the normal bone growth. The hypoxic environment regulates bone morphogenetic protein, vascular endothelial growth factor, and neuropilin-1, and affects osteoblast/osteoclast maturation and differentiation through bone metabolic changes. Hypoxia preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can enhance their paracrine effects and promote fracture healing. Concurrently, hypoxia reduces the inhibitory effect on osteocyte differentiation by inhibiting the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23. Hypoxia potentially improves bone metabolism, but it still carries potential risks. The optimal concentration and duration of hypoxia remain unclear. CONCLUSION There is a bidirectional relationship between renal anemia and abnormal bone metabolism. Hypoxia may improve bone metabolism but the concentration and duration of hypoxia remain unclear and need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Kan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519070, Guangdong Province, China
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Lanser L, Fuchs D, Kurz K, Weiss G. Physiology and Inflammation Driven Pathophysiology of Iron Homeostasis-Mechanistic Insights into Anemia of Inflammation and Its Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:3732. [PMID: 34835988 PMCID: PMC8619077 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia is very common in patients with inflammatory disorders. Its prevalence is associated with severity of the underlying disease, and it negatively affects quality of life and cardio-vascular performance of patients. Anemia of inflammation (AI) is caused by disturbances of iron metabolism resulting in iron retention within macrophages, a reduced erythrocyte half-life, and cytokine mediated inhibition of erythropoietin function and erythroid progenitor cell differentiation. AI is mostly mild to moderate, normochromic and normocytic, and characterized by low circulating iron, but normal and increased levels of the storage protein ferritin and the iron hormone hepcidin. The primary therapeutic approach for AI is treatment of the underlying inflammatory disease which mostly results in normalization of hemoglobin levels over time unless other pathologies such as vitamin deficiencies, true iron deficiency on the basis of bleeding episodes, or renal insufficiency are present. If the underlying disease and/or anemia are not resolved, iron supplementation therapy and/or treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agents may be considered whereas blood transfusions are an emergency treatment for life-threatening anemia. New treatments with hepcidin-modifying strategies and stabilizers of hypoxia inducible factors emerge but their therapeutic efficacy for treatment of AI in ill patients needs to be evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lanser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.L.); (K.K.)
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Katharina Kurz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.L.); (K.K.)
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.L.); (K.K.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Khalife M, Ben Aziz M, Balestra C, Valsamis J, Sosnowski M. Physiological and Clinical Impact of Repeated Inhaled Oxygen Variation on Erythropoietin Levels in Patients After Surgery. Front Physiol 2021; 12:744074. [PMID: 34646161 PMCID: PMC8502887 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.744074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The “Normobaric Oxygen Paradox” (NOP) is a physiologic mechanism that induces an increase of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) production by creating a state of relative hypoxia in subjects previously exposed to hyperoxia, followed by a rapid return to normoxia. Oxygen exposure duration and inspired oxygen fraction required to observe a significant increase in EPO or hemoglobin are not clearly defined. Consequently, we here study the effect of one model of relative hypoxia on EPO, reticulocytes and hemoglobin stimulation in patients after surgery. Patients were prospectively randomized in two groups. The O2 group (n = 10) received 100% oxygen for 1 h per day for eight consecutive days, via a non-rebreathing mask. The control group (n = 12) received no oxygen variation. Serum EPO, hemoglobin and reticulocyte count were measured on admission and postoperatively on days seven and nine. Percentage EPO at day nine with respect to the baseline value was significantly elevated within the groups [O2 group: 323.7 (SD ± 139.0); control group: 365.6 (SD± 162.0)] but not between them. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of reticulocytes count and hemoglobin. Our NOP model showed no difference on EPO increase between the two groups. However, both groups expressed separately significant EPO elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Khalife
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Ben Aziz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Costantino Balestra
- Environmental and Occupational Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joseph Valsamis
- Universitair Verplegingscentrum (UVC) Brugmann Site Victor Horta, Clinical Biology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maurice Sosnowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Cardoso MH, Alencar-Silva T, Bogéa GMR, Carvalho JL, Franco OL, Saldanha-Araujo F. Dissecting the relationship between antimicrobial peptides and mesenchymal stem cells. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108021. [PMID: 34637839 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the various biological properties presented by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), their ability to control the immune response and fight pathogen infection through the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been the subject of intense research in recent years. AMPs secreted by MSCs exhibit activity against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and viruses. The main AMPs produced by these cells are hepcidin, cathelicidin LL-37, and β-defensin-2. In addition to acting against pathogens, those AMPs have also been shown to interact with MSCs to modulate MSC proliferation, migration, and regeneration, indicating that such peptides exert a more diverse biological effect than initially thought. In the present review, we discuss the production of AMPs by MSCs, revise the multiple functions of these peptides, including their influence over MSCs, and present an overview of clinical situations in which the antimicrobial properties of MSCs may be explored for therapy. Finally, we discuss possibilities of combining MSCs and AMPs to generate improved therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Muller Reche Bogéa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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The effects of reducing chronic inflammation in overweight women on serum hepcidin and iron absorption with and without supplemental ascorbic acid. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:877-884. [PMID: 33243304 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although hepcidin synthesis is stimulated by inflammation and inhibited by Fe deficiency, the strength of their opposing effects on serum hepcidin (SHep) in humans remains unclear. It was recently shown that an inflammatory stimulus in anaemic women did not increase SHep or decrease Fe absorption. The enhancing effect of ascorbic acid on Fe absorption may not be effective during inflammation because of increased SHep. Our study aim was to test whether reducing inflammation in Fe-depleted overweight (OW) women with low-grade inflammation would lower SHep and improve Fe absorption with and without ascorbic acid, compared with normal-weight (NW) women without inflammation. Before and after 14 d of anti-inflammatory treatment (3 × 600 mg ibuprofen daily) in OW and NW women (n 36; 19-46 years of age), we measured SHep and fractional Fe absorption (FIA) (erythrocyte Fe incorporation) from 57Fe- and 58Fe-labelled test meals with and without ascorbic acid. There were significant group effects on IL-6, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin and SHep (for all, P < 0·05). There was a significant treatment effect on SHep (P < 0·05): in OW women, treatment decreased IL-6 by approximately 30 % and SHep by approximately 45 %. However, there were no significant treatment or group effects on FIA. Body Fe stores (BIS) were a significant positive predictor of SHep before and after treatment (P < 0·001), but IL-6 was not. Reducing chronic inflammation in OW women halved SHep but did not affect Fe absorption with or without ascorbic acid, and the main predictor of Fe absorption was BIS.
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The role of iron homeostasis in remodeling immune function and regulating inflammatory disease. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1806-1816. [PMID: 36654387 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The essential trace element iron regulates a wide range of biological processes in virtually all living organisms. Because both iron deficiency and iron overload can lead to various pathological conditions, iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and understanding this complex process will help pave the way to developing new therapeutic strategies for inflammatory disease. In recent years, significant progress has been made with respect to elucidating the roles of iron and iron-related genes in the development and maintenance of the immune system. Here, we review the timing and mechanisms by which systemic and cellular iron metabolism are regulated during the inflammatory response and during infectious disease, processes in which both the host and the pathogen compete for iron. We also discuss the evidence and implications that immune cells such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells require sufficient amounts of iron for their proliferation and for mediating their effector functions, in which iron serves as a co-factor in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, mitochondrial respiration, posttranslational regulation, and epigenetic modification. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic implications of targeting ferroptosis, iron homeostasis and/or iron metabolism with respect to conferring protection against pathogen infection, controlling inflammation, and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Ruan H, Luan J, Gao S, Li S, Jiang Q, Liu R, Liang Q, Zhang R, Zhang F, Li X, Zhou H, Yang C. Fedratinib Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via the JAK2/STAT3 and TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154491. [PMID: 34361644 PMCID: PMC8347567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease with multiple causes, characterized by excessive myofibrocyte aggregation and extracellular matrix deposition. Related studies have shown that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a key cytokine causing fibrosis, promoting abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal communication and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Fedratinib (Fed) is a marketed drug for the treatment of primary and secondary myelofibrosis, targeting selective JAK2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, its role in pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential effects and mechanisms of Fed on pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies have shown that Fed attenuates TGF-β1- and IL-6-induced myofibroblast activation and inflammatory response by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. In vivo studies have shown that Fed can reduce bleomycin-induced inflammation and collagen deposition and improve lung function. In conclusion, Fed inhibited inflammation and fibrosis processes induced by TGF-β1 and IL-6 by targeting the JAK2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Jiaoyan Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shaoyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Shuangling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiuyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fangxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaohe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China; (H.R.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (S.L.); (Q.J.); (R.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Y.)
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300070, China
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Lakhal-Littleton S. Advances in understanding the crosstalk between mother and fetus on iron utilization. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:153-160. [PMID: 34389107 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A full-term pregnancy comes with significant demand for iron. Not meeting this demand has adverse effects on maternal health and on the intrauterine and postnatal development of the infant. In the infant, some of these adverse effects cannot be reversed by postnatal iron supplementation, highlighting the need to tackle iron deficiency in utero. Achieving this requires sound understanding of the pathways that govern iron transfer at the fetomaternal interface. Two pathways are emerging as key players in this context; the hepcidin/ferroportin axis pathway and the iron regulatory protein (IRPs) pathway. In late gestation, suppression of maternal hepcidin, by as yet unknown factors, is required for increasing iron availability to the growing fetus. In the placenta, the rate of iron uptake by transferrin receptor TfR1 at the apical/maternal side and of iron release by ferroportin FPN at the basal/fetal side is controlled by IRP1. In fetal hepatocytes, build up of fetal iron stores requires post-translational inhibition of FPN by the cell-autonomous action of hepcidin. In the fetal liver, FPN is also subject to additional control at the transcriptional level, possibly by the action of hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2α. The rates of apical iron uptake and basal iron release in the placenta are modulated according to iron availability in the maternal blood and the placenta's own needs. This placental modulation ensures that the amount of iron delivered to the fetal circulation is maintained within a normal range, even in the face of mild maternal iron deficiency or overload. However, when maternal iron deficiency or overload are extreme, placental modulation is not sufficient to maintain normal iron supply to the fetus, resulting in fetal iron deficiency and overload respectively. Thus, the rate of iron transfer at the fetomaternal interface is subject to several regulatory signals operating simultaneously in the maternal liver, the placenta and the fetal liver. These regulatory signals act in concert to maintain normal iron supply to the fetus within a wide range of maternal iron states, but fail to do so when maternal iron deficiency or overload are extreme. The limitations of existing experimental models must be overcome if we are to gain better understanding of the role of these regulatory signals in normal and complicated pregnancy. Ultimately, that understanding could help identify better markers of fetal iron demand and underpin novel iron replacement strategies to treat maternal and fetal iron deficiency.
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Iron overload inhibits BMP/SMAD and IL-6/STAT3 signaling to hepcidin in cultured hepatocytes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253475. [PMID: 34161397 PMCID: PMC8221488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that targets the iron exporter ferroportin, thereby limiting iron entry into the bloodstream. It is generated in hepatocytes mainly in response to increased body iron stores or inflammatory cues. Iron stimulates expression of bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) from liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, which in turn binds to BMP receptors on hepatocytes and induces the SMAD signaling cascade for transcriptional activation of the hepcidin-encoding HAMP mRNA. SMAD signaling is also essential for inflammatory HAMP mRNA induction by the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Herein, we utilized human Huh7 hepatoma cells and primary murine hepatocytes to assess the effects of iron perturbations on signaling to hepcidin. Iron chelation appeared to slightly impair signaling to hepcidin. Subsequent iron supplementation not only failed to reverse these effects, but drastically reduced basal HAMP mRNA and inhibited HAMP mRNA induction by BMP6 and/or IL-6. Thus, treatment of cells with excess iron inhibited basal and BMP6-mediated SMAD5 phosphorylation and induction of HAMP, ID1 and SMAD7 mRNAs in a dose-dependent manner. Iron also inhibited IL-6-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation and induction of HAMP and SOCS3 mRNAs. These responses were accompanied by induction of GCLC and HMOX1 mRNAs, known markers of oxidative stress. We conclude that hepatocellular iron overload suppresses hepcidin by inhibiting the SMAD and STAT3 signaling pathways downstream of their respective ligands.
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