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Rastgar A, Kheyrandish S, Vahidi M, Heidari R, Ghorbani M. Advancements in small interfering RNAs therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: promising results and future perspectives. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:737. [PMID: 38874790 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer among children, presenting significant healthcare challenges for some patients, including drug resistance and the need for targeted therapies. SiRNA-based therapy is one potential solution, but problems can arise in administration and the need for a delivery system to protect siRNA during intravenous injection. Additionally, siRNA encounters instability and degradation in the reticuloendothelial system, off-target effects, and potential immune system stimulation. Despite these limitations, some promising results about siRNA therapy in ALL patients have been published in recent years, showing the potential for more effective and precise treatment, reduced side effects, and personalized approaches. While siRNA-based therapies demonstrate safety and efficacy, addressing the mentioned limitations is crucial for further optimization. Advancements in siRNA-delivery technologies and combination therapies hold promise to improve treatment effectiveness and overcome drug resistance. Ultimately, despite its challenges, siRNA therapy has the potential to revolutionize ALL treatments and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Rastgar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setare Kheyrandish
- Student Research Committee, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Vahidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Hong SH, Lee YJ, Jang EB, Hwang HJ, Kim ES, Son DH, Park SY, Moon HS, Yoon YE. Therapeutic Efficacy of YM155 to Regulate an Epigenetic Enzyme in Major Subtypes of RCC. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:216. [PMID: 38203388 PMCID: PMC10779260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and includes more than 10 subtypes. Compared to the intensively investigated clear cell RCC (ccRCC), the underlying mechanisms and treatment options of other subtypes, including papillary RCC (pRCC) and chromogenic RCC (chRCC), are limited. In this study, we analyzed the public databases for ccRCC, pRCC, and chRCC and found that BIRC5 was commonly overexpressed in a large cohort of pRCC and chRCC patients as well as ccRCC and was closely related to the progression of RCCs. We investigated the potential of BIRC5 as a therapeutic target for these three types of RCCs. Loss and gain of function studies showed the critical role of BIRC5 in cancer growth. YM155, a BIRC5 inhibitor, induced a potent tumor-suppressive effect in the three types of RCC cells and xenograft models. To determine the mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effects of YM155, we examined epigenetic modifications in the BIRC5 promoter and found that histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27Ac) was highly enriched on the promoter region of BIRC5. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that H3K27Ac enrichment was significantly decreased by YM155. Immunohistochemistry of xenografted tissue showed that overexpression of BIRC5 plays an important role in malignancy in RCC. Furthermore, high expression of P300 was significantly associated with the progression of RCC. Our findings demonstrate the P300-H3K27Ac-BIRC5 cascade in three types of RCC and provide a therapeutic path for future research on RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hwi Hong
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Young Ju Lee
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Eun Bi Jang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Hyun Ji Hwang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Eun Song Kim
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Da Hyeon Son
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Sung Yul Park
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Hong Sang Moon
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Young Eun Yoon
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
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3
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Tirado HA, Balasundaram N, Laaouimir L, Erdem A, van Gastel N. Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101669. [PMID: 36909665 PMCID: PMC9996235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and nerve cells. Intercellular communication at different levels is essential to ensure proper skeletal and hematopoietic tissue function, but it is altered when malignant cells colonize the bone marrow niche. While communication often involves soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their respective cell-surface receptors, cells can also communicate by exchanging metabolic information. In this review, we discuss the importance of metabolic crosstalk between different cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, particularly concerning the malignant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán A Tirado
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nithya Balasundaram
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lotfi Laaouimir
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ayşegül Erdem
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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4
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Ly C, Ogana H, Kim HN, Hurwitz S, Deeds EJ, Kim YM, Rowat AC. Altered physical phenotypes of leukemia cells that survive chemotherapy treatment. Integr Biol (Camb) 2023; 15:7185561. [PMID: 37247849 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The recurrence of cancer following chemotherapy treatment is a major cause of death across solid and hematologic cancers. In B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), relapse after initial chemotherapy treatment leads to poor patient outcomes. Here we test the hypothesis that chemotherapy-treated versus control B-ALL cells can be characterized based on cellular physical phenotypes. To quantify physical phenotypes of chemotherapy-treated leukemia cells, we use cells derived from B-ALL patients that are treated for 7 days with a standard multidrug chemotherapy regimen of vincristine, dexamethasone, and L-asparaginase (VDL). We conduct physical phenotyping of VDL-treated versus control cells by tracking the sequential deformations of single cells as they flow through a series of micron-scale constrictions in a microfluidic device; we call this method Quantitative Cyclical Deformability Cytometry. Using automated image analysis, we extract time-dependent features of deforming cells including cell size and transit time (TT) with single-cell resolution. Our findings show that VDL-treated B-ALL cells have faster TTs and transit velocity than control cells, indicating that VDL-treated cells are more deformable. We then test how effectively physical phenotypes can predict the presence of VDL-treated cells in mixed populations of VDL-treated and control cells using machine learning approaches. We find that TT measurements across a series of sequential constrictions can enhance the classification accuracy of VDL-treated cells in mixed populations using a variety of classifiers. Our findings suggest the predictive power of cell physical phenotyping as a complementary prognostic tool to detect the presence of cells that survive chemotherapy treatment. Ultimately such complementary physical phenotyping approaches could guide treatment strategies and therapeutic interventions. Insight box Cancer cells that survive chemotherapy treatment are major contributors to patient relapse, but the ability to predict recurrence remains a challenge. Here we investigate the physical properties of leukemia cells that survive treatment with chemotherapy drugs by deforming individual cells through a series of micron-scale constrictions in a microfluidic channel. Our findings reveal that leukemia cells that survive chemotherapy treatment are more deformable than control cells. We further show that machine learning algorithms applied to physical phenotyping data can predict the presence of cells that survive chemotherapy treatment in a mixed population. Such an integrated approach using physical phenotyping and machine learning could be valuable to guide patient treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Ly
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heather Ogana
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hye Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Hurwitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Deeds
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy C Rowat
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Salmón M, Álvarez-Díaz R, Fustero-Torre C, Brehey O, Lechuga CG, Sanclemente M, Fernández-García F, López-García A, Martín-Guijarro MC, Rodríguez-Perales S, Bousquet-Mur E, Morales-Cacho L, Mulero F, Al-Shahrour F, Martínez L, Domínguez O, Caleiras E, Ortega S, Guerra C, Musteanu M, Drosten M, Barbacid M. Kras oncogene ablation prevents resistance in advanced lung adenocarcinomas. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e164413. [PMID: 36928090 PMCID: PMC10065067 DOI: 10.1172/jci164413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
KRASG12C inhibitors have revolutionized the clinical management of patients with KRASG12C-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. However, patient exposure to these inhibitors leads to the rapid onset of resistance. In this study, we have used genetically engineered mice to compare the therapeutic efficacy and the emergence of tumor resistance between genetic ablation of mutant Kras expression and pharmacological inhibition of oncogenic KRAS activity. Whereas Kras ablation induces massive tumor regression and prevents the appearance of resistant cells in vivo, treatment of KrasG12C/Trp53-driven lung adenocarcinomas with sotorasib, a selective KRASG12C inhibitor, caused a limited antitumor response similar to that observed in the clinic, including the rapid onset of resistance. Unlike in human tumors, we did not observe mutations in components of the RAS-signaling pathways. Instead, sotorasib-resistant tumors displayed amplification of the mutant Kras allele and activation of xenobiotic metabolism pathways, suggesting that reduction of the on-target activity of KRASG12C inhibitors is the main mechanism responsible for the onset of resistance. In sum, our results suggest that resistance to KRAS inhibitors could be prevented by achieving a more robust inhibition of KRAS signaling mimicking the results obtained upon Kras ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Salmón
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
| | | | | | - Oksana Brehey
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sagrario Ortega
- Mouse Genome Editing Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guerra
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Musteanu
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Drosten
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC) and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad de Salamanca (CSIC-USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mariano Barbacid
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Johnson B, Zhuang L, Rath EM, Yuen ML, Cheng NC, Shi H, Kao S, Reid G, Cheng YY. Exploring MicroRNA and Exosome Involvement in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Drug Response. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194784. [PMID: 36230710 PMCID: PMC9564288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly thoracic malignancy and existing treatment options are limited. Chemotherapy remains the most widely used first-line treatment regimen for patients with unresectable MPM, but is hampered by drug resistance issues. The current study demonstrated a modest enhancement of MPM cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drug treatment following microRNA (miRNA) transfection in MPM cell lines, albeit not for all tested miRNAs. This effect was more pronounced for FAK (PND-1186) small molecule inhibitor treatment; consistent with previously published data. We previously established that MPM response to survivin (YM155) small molecule inhibitor treatment is unrelated to basal survivin expression. Here, we showed that MPM response to YM155 treatment is enhanced following miRNA transfection of YM155-resistant MPM cells. We determined that YM155-resistant MPM cells secrete a higher level of exosomes in comparison to YM155-sensitive MPM cells. Despite this, an exosome inhibitor (GW4896) did not enhance MPM cell sensitivity to YM155. Additionally, our study showed no evidence of a correlation between the mRNA expression of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family members and MPM cell sensitivity to YM155. However, two drug transporter genes, ABCA6 and ABCA10, were upregulated in the MPM cell lines and correlated with poor sensitivity to YM155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-976-79869
| | - Ling Zhuang
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Emma M. Rath
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Giannoulatou Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Man Lee Yuen
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Huaikai Shi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Steven Kao
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Chris O’Brien Life House, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
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Chang YC, Shieh MC, Chang YH, Huang WL, Su WC, Cheng FY, Cheung CHA. Development of a cancer cells self‑activating and miR‑125a‑5p expressing poly‑pharmacological nanodrug for cancer treatment. Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:102. [PMID: 35703361 PMCID: PMC9239037 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can acquire resistance to targeted therapeutic agents when the designated targets or their downstream signaling molecules develop protein conformational or activity changes. There is an increasing interest in developing poly-pharmacologic anticancer agents to target multiple oncoproteins or signaling pathways in cancer cells. The microRNA 125a-5p (miR-125a-5p) is a tumor suppressor, and its expression has frequently been downregulated in tumors. By contrast, the anti-apoptotic molecule BIRC5/SURVIVIN is highly expressed in tumors but not in the differentiated normal tissues. In the present study, the development of a BIRC5 gene promoter-driven, miR-125a-5p expressing, poly-L-lysine-conjugated magnetite iron poly-pharmacologic nanodrug (pL-MNP-pSur-125a) was reported. The cancer cells self-activating property and the anticancer effects of this nanodrug were examined in both the multidrug efflux protein ABCB1/MDR1-expressing/-non-expressing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. It was demonstrated that pL-MNP-pSur-125a decreased the expression of ERBB2/HER2, HDAC5, BIRC5, and SP1, which are hot therapeutic targets for cancer in vitro. Notably, pL-MNP-pSur-125a also downregulated the expression of TDO2 in the human KB cervical carcinoma cells. PL-MNP-pSur-125a decreased the viability of various BIRC5-expressing cancer cells, regardless of the tissue origin or the expression of ABCB1, but not of the human BIRC5-non-expressing HMEC-1 endothelial cells. In vivo, pL-MNP-pSur-125a exhibited potent antitumor growth effects, but without inducing liver toxicity, in various zebrafish human-ABCB1-expressing and ABCB1-non-expressing tumor xenograft models. In conclusion, pL-MNP-pSur-125a is an easy-to-prepare and a promising poly-pharmacological anticancer nanodrug that has the potential to manage numerous malignancies, particularly for patients with BIRC5/ABCB1-related drug resistance after prolonged chemotherapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chieh Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Min-Chieh Shieh
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia‑Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600566, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Lun Huang
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fong-Yu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111396, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun Hei Antonio Cheung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan, R.O.C
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8
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Lv M, Liu Y, Liu W, Xing Y, Zhang S. Immunotherapy for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921894. [PMID: 35769486 PMCID: PMC9234114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common subtype of childhood leukemia, which is characterized by the abnormal proliferation and accumulation of immature lymphoid cell in the bone marrow. Although the long-term survival rate for pediatric ALL has made significant progress over years with the development of contemporary therapeutic regimens, patients are still suffered from relapse, leading to an unsatisfactory outcome. Since the immune system played an important role in the progression and relapse of ALL, immunotherapy including bispecific T-cell engagers and chimeric antigen receptor T cells has been demonstrated to be capable of enhancing the immune response in pediatric patients with refractory or relapsed B-cell ALL, and improving the cure rate of the disease and patients’ quality of life, thus receiving the authorization for market. Nevertheless, the resistance and toxicities associated with the current immunotherapy remains a huge challenge. Novel therapeutic options to overcome the above disadvantages should be further explored. In this review, we will thoroughly discuss the emerging immunotherapeutics for the treatment of pediatric ALL, as well as side-effects and new development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yabing Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yabing Xing, ; Shengnan Zhang,
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yabing Xing, ; Shengnan Zhang,
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9
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Naik S, Vasileiou S, Tzannou I, Kuvalekar M, Watanabe A, Robertson C, Lapteva N, Tao W, Wu M, Grilley B, Carrum G, Kamble RT, Hill L, Krance RA, Martinez C, Tewari P, Omer B, Gottschalk S, Heslop HE, Brenner MK, Rooney CM, Vera JF, Leen AM, Lulla PD. Donor-derived multiple leukemia antigen-specific T-cell therapy to prevent relapse after transplant in patients with ALL. Blood 2022; 139:2706-2711. [PMID: 35134127 PMCID: PMC9053698 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a curative option for patients with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but relapse remains a major cause of treatment failure. To prevent disease relapse, we prepared and infused donor-derived multiple leukemia antigen-specific T cells (mLSTs) targeting PRAME, WT1, and survivin, which are leukemia-associated antigens frequently expressed in B- and T-ALL. Our goal was to maximize the graft-versus-leukemia effect while minimizing the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We administered mLSTs (dose range, 0.5 × 107 to 2 × 107 cells per square meter) to 11 patients with ALL (8 pediatric, 3 adult), and observed no dose-limiting toxicity, acute GVHD or cytokine release syndrome. Six of 8 evaluable patients remained in long-term complete remission (median: 46.5 months; range, 9-51). In these individuals we detected an increased frequency of tumor-reactive T cells shortly after infusion, with activity against both targeted and nontargeted, known tumor-associated antigens, indicative of in vivo antigen spreading. By contrast, this in vivo amplification was absent in the 2 patients who experienced relapse. In summary, infusion of donor-derived mLSTs after allogeneic HSCT is feasible and safe and may contribute to disease control, as evidenced by in vivo tumor-directed T-cell expansion. Thus, this approach represents a promising strategy for preventing relapse in patients with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Naik
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Spyridoula Vasileiou
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ifigeneia Tzannou
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Manik Kuvalekar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ayumi Watanabe
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Catherine Robertson
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Natalia Lapteva
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Wang Tao
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Mengfen Wu
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Bambi Grilley
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - George Carrum
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Rammurti T Kamble
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - LaQuisa Hill
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Robert A Krance
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Caridad Martinez
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Priti Tewari
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Bilal Omer
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Helen E Heslop
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Malcom K Brenner
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Cliona M Rooney
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Juan F Vera
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ann M Leen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Premal D Lulla
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
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10
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Kinoshita H, Cooke KR, Grant M, Stanojevic M, Cruz CR, Keller M, Fortiz MF, Hoq F, Lang H, Barrett AJ, Liang H, Tanna J, Zhang N, Shibli A, Datar A, Fulton K, Kukadiya D, Zhang A, Williams KM, Dave H, Dome JS, Jacobsohn D, Hanley PJ, Jones RJ, Bollard CM. Outcome of donor-derived TAA-T cell therapy in patients with high-risk or relapsed acute leukemia post allogeneic BMT. Blood Adv 2022; 6:2520-2534. [PMID: 35244681 PMCID: PMC9043933 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with hematologic malignancies relapsing after allogeneic blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) have limited response to conventional salvage therapies, with an expected 1-year overall survival (OS) of <20%. We evaluated the safety and clinical outcomes following administration of a novel T-cell therapeutic targeting 3 tumor-associated antigens (TAA-T) in patients with acute leukemia who relapsed or were at high risk of relapse after allogeneic BMT. Lymphocytes obtained from the BMT donor were manufactured to target TAAs WT1, PRAME, and survivin, which are over-expressed and immunogenic in most hematologic malignancies. Patients received TAA-T infusions at doses of 0.5 to 4 × 107/m2. Twenty-three BMT recipients with relapsed/refractory (n = 11) and/or high-risk (n = 12) acute myeloid leukemia (n = 20) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 3) were infused posttransplant. No patient developed cytokine-release syndrome or neurotoxicity, and only 1 patient developed grade 3 graft-versus-host disease. Of the patients who relapsed post-BMT and received bridging therapy, the majority (n = 9/11) achieved complete hematologic remission before receiving TAA-T. Relapsed patients exhibited a 1-year OS of 36% and 1-year leukemia-free survival of 27.3% post-TAA-T. The poorest prognosis patients (relapsed <6 months after transplant) exhibited a 1-year OS of 42.8% postrelapse (n = 7). Median survival was not reached for high-risk patients who received preemptive TAA-T posttransplant (n = 12). Although as a phase 1 study, concomitant antileukemic therapy was allowed, TAA-T were safe and well tolerated, and sustained remissions in high-risk and relapsed patients were observed. Moreover, adoptively transferred TAA-T detected by T-cell receptor V-β sequencing persisted up to at least 1 year postinfusion. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02203903.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kinoshita
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Oncology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kenneth R. Cooke
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Melanie Grant
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Maja Stanojevic
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - C. Russell Cruz
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy Program, George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, DC
| | - Michael Keller
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Maria Fernanda Fortiz
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Fahmida Hoq
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Haili Lang
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - A. John Barrett
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy Program, George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, DC
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Statistics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC; and
| | - Jay Tanna
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Nan Zhang
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Abeer Shibli
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Anushree Datar
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kenneth Fulton
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Divyesh Kukadiya
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Anqing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Kirsten M. Williams
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Hema Dave
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Oncology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Jeffrey S. Dome
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Oncology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - David Jacobsohn
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Patrick J. Hanley
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Richard J. Jones
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Catherine M. Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy Program, George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, DC
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11
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Krieg S, Roderburg C, Fung S, Luedde T, Knoefel WT, Krieg A. Nuclear survivin is a prognosticator in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2235-2246. [PMID: 35428913 PMCID: PMC9349075 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neosplasms (GEP-NEN) are biologically heterogenous tumors with an increasing incidence over the past decades. Although efforts have been made in the treatment of these tumors, survival rates in metastasized tumor stages remain frustrating. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel targets as alternative treatment options. In this regard, the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family member survivin could be such an attractive target. Therefore, aim of our meta-analysis was to assess the role of survivin as a biomarker and predictor in GEP-NEN.
Methods
Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were screened for studies that fulfilled our selection criteria. Quality assessement of the studies was based on design, methodology, generalizability and results analysis. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model and effect size measures were expressed as pooled Hazard Ratio (HR) or Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI).
Results
Six eligible studies with 649 patients (range 77–132) assessed survivin expression in GEP-NEN by immunohistochemistry. High expression levels of nuclear survivin in GEP-NEN correlated with a shorter overall survival (HR 3.10; 95% CI 2.15–4.47; p < 0.0001). In contrast to cytoplasmic survivin (OR 1.24; CI 0.59–2.57; p = 0.57), nuclear survivin was also associated (OR 15.23; CI 3.61–64.23; p = 0.0002) with G3/poorly differentiated GEP-NEN.
Conclusion
Nuclear Survivin is highly expressed in more aggressive G3 GEP-NEN and correlates with a poor outcome. Survivin is therefore an interesting molecule for a targeted therapy, especially for patients with highly proliferative G3 GEP-NENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Krieg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen Fung
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Bldg. 12.46, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfram Trudo Knoefel
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Bldg. 12.46, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Krieg
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Bldg. 12.46, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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12
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Singh T, Neal A, Dibernardo G, Raheseparian N, Moatamed NA, Memarzadeh S. Efficacy of birinapant in combination with carboplatin in targeting platinum‑resistant epithelial ovarian cancers. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:35. [PMID: 35191515 PMCID: PMC8878637 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) often suffer from disease relapse associated with the emergence of resistance to standard platinum‑based chemotherapy. Treatment of patients with chemo‑resistant disease remains a clinical challenge. One mechanism of chemoresistance includes overexpression of pro‑survival proteins called inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) which enable cancer cells to evade apoptosis. Due to their anti‑apoptotic activity, association with poor prognosis, and correlation with therapy resistance in multiple malignancies, IAP proteins have become an attractive target for development of anticancer therapeutics. Second mitochondrial activator of caspase (SMAC) mimetics are the most widely used IAP antagonists currently being tested in clinical trials as a monotherapy and in combination with different chemotherapeutic drugs to target different types of cancer. In the present study, the antitumor efficacy of combination therapy with birinapant, a bivalent SMAC mimetic compound, and carboplatin to target platinum‑resistant EOC cells was investigated. A 3D organoid bioassay was utilized to test the efficacy of the combination therapy in a panel of 7 EOC cell lines and 10 platinum‑resistant primary patient tumor samples. Findings from the in vitro studies demonstrated that the birinapant and carboplatin combination was effective in targeting a subset of ovarian cancer cell lines and platinum‑resistant primary patient tumor samples. This combination therapy was also effective in vitro and in vivo in targeting a platinum‑resistant patient‑derived xenograft (PDX) model established from one of the patient tumors tested. Overall, our study demonstrated that birinapant and carboplatin combination could target a subset of platinum‑resistant ovarian cancers and also highlights the potential of the 3D organoid bioassay as a preclinical tool to assess the response to chemotherapy or targeted therapies in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Correspondence to: Dr Sanaz Memarzadeh or Dr Tanya Singh, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, 3018 Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Adam Neal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gabriella Dibernardo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neela Raheseparian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neda A. Moatamed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sanaz Memarzadeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,The VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA,Correspondence to: Dr Sanaz Memarzadeh or Dr Tanya Singh, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, 3018 Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, E-mail: , E-mail:
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13
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Contreras-Trujillo H, Eerdeng J, Akre S, Jiang D, Contreras J, Gala B, Vergel-Rodriguez MC, Lee Y, Jorapur A, Andreasian A, Harton L, Bramlett CS, Nogalska A, Xiao G, Lee JW, Chan LN, Müschen M, Merchant AA, Lu R. Deciphering intratumoral heterogeneity using integrated clonal tracking and single-cell transcriptome analyses. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6522. [PMID: 34764253 PMCID: PMC8586369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity is a major cause of treatment resistance in cancer. Despite recent advances in single-cell genomic and transcriptomic sequencing, it remains difficult to relate measured molecular profiles to the cellular activities underlying cancer. Here, we present an integrated experimental system that connects single cell gene expression to heterogeneous cancer cell growth, metastasis, and treatment response. Our system integrates single cell transcriptome profiling with DNA barcode based clonal tracking in patient-derived xenograft models. We show that leukemia cells exhibiting unique gene expression respond to different chemotherapies in distinct but consistent manners across multiple mice. In addition, we uncover a form of leukemia expansion that is spatially confined to the bone marrow of single anatomical sites and driven by cells with distinct gene expression. Our integrated experimental system can interrogate the molecular and cellular basis of the intratumoral heterogeneity underlying disease progression and treatment resistance. DNA barcoding is a promising technology for the simultaneous analysis of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Here, the authors combine DNA barcoding and single-cell RNA-seq to study heterogeneity, progression and response to therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patient-derived xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Contreras-Trujillo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jiya Eerdeng
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Samir Akre
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Du Jiang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jorge Contreras
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Basia Gala
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Mary C Vergel-Rodriguez
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yeachan Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Aparna Jorapur
- Division of Hematology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Areen Andreasian
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Lisa Harton
- Division of Hematology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Charles S Bramlett
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Anna Nogalska
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Gang Xiao
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jae-Woong Lee
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Lai N Chan
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Markus Müschen
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Akil A Merchant
- Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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14
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Li Y, Lu W, Yang J, Edwards M, Jiang S. Survivin as a biological biomarker for diagnosis and therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1429-1441. [PMID: 33877952 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1918672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Survivin (SVN) is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family that promotes cellular proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. Overexpression of SVN is associated with autoimmune disease, hyperplasia, and tumors and can be used as a biomarker in these diseases. SVN is widely recognized as a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and has become an important target for cancer diagnosis and treatment.Areas covered: We reviewed SVN research progress from the PubMed and clinical trials focused on SVN from https://clinicaltrials.gov since 2000 and anticipate future developments in the field. The trials reviewed cover various modalities including diagnostics for early detection and disease progression, small molecule inhibitors of the SVN pathway and immunotherapy targeting SVN epitopes.Expert opinion: The most promising developments involve anti-SVN immunotherapy, with several therapeutic SVN vaccines under evaluation in phase I/II trials. SVN is an important new immune-oncology target that expands the repertoire of individualized combination treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Li
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenshu Lu
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jiarun Yang
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Edwards
- Department of Research and Development, Oxford Vacmedix UK Ltd, Oxford, UK
| | - Shisong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Research and Development, Oxford Vacmedix UK Ltd, Oxford, UK
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15
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Matthijssens F, Sharma ND, Nysus M, Nickl CK, Kang H, Perez DR, Lintermans B, Van Loocke W, Roels J, Peirs S, Demoen L, Pieters T, Reunes L, Lammens T, De Moerloose B, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce DL, Cheung LC, Kotecha RS, Risseeuw MD, Van Calenbergh S, Takarada T, Yoneda Y, van Delft FW, Lock RB, Merkley SD, Chigaev A, Sklar LA, Mullighan CG, Loh ML, Winter SS, Hunger SP, Goossens S, Castillo EF, Ornatowski W, Van Vlierberghe P, Matlawska-Wasowska K. RUNX2 regulates leukemic cell metabolism and chemotaxis in high-risk T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:141566. [PMID: 33555272 DOI: 10.1172/jci141566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with inferior outcome compared with that of B cell ALL. Here, we show that Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) was upregulated in high-risk T-ALL with KMT2A rearrangements (KMT2A-R) or an immature immunophenotype. In KMT2A-R cells, we identified RUNX2 as a direct target of the KMT2A chimeras, where it reciprocally bound the KMT2A promoter, establishing a regulatory feed-forward mechanism. Notably, RUNX2 was required for survival of immature and KMT2A-R T-ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. We report direct transcriptional regulation of CXCR4 signaling by RUNX2, thereby promoting chemotaxis, adhesion, and homing to medullary and extramedullary sites. RUNX2 enabled these energy-demanding processes by increasing metabolic activity in T-ALL cells through positive regulation of both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Concurrently, RUNX2 upregulation increased mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis in T-ALL cells. Finally, as a proof of concept, we demonstrate that immature and KMT2A-R T-ALL cells were vulnerable to pharmacological targeting of the interaction between RUNX2 and its cofactor CBFβ. In conclusion, we show that RUNX2 acts as a dependency factor in high-risk subtypes of human T-ALL through concomitant regulation of tumor metabolism and leukemic cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Matthijssens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nitesh D Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Monique Nysus
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Christian K Nickl
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Huining Kang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Dominique R Perez
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Beatrice Lintermans
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juliette Roels
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Peirs
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Demoen
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Pieters
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lindy Reunes
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Lammens
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Moerloose
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Dieter L Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurence C Cheung
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Martijn Dp Risseeuw
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Takeshi Takarada
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukio Yoneda
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Frederik W van Delft
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seth D Merkley
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Alexandre Chigaev
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Larry A Sklar
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stuart S Winter
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Program, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen P Hunger
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven Goossens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eliseo F Castillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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16
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Integrin α6 mediates the drug resistance of acute lymphoblastic B-cell leukemia. Blood 2021; 136:210-223. [PMID: 32219444 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to multimodal chemotherapy continues to limit the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This occurs in part through a process called adhesion-mediated drug resistance, which depends on ALL cell adhesion to the stroma through adhesion molecules, including integrins. Integrin α6 has been implicated in minimal residual disease in ALL and in the migration of ALL cells to the central nervous system. However, it has not been evaluated in the context of chemotherapeutic resistance. Here, we show that the anti-human α6-blocking Ab P5G10 induces apoptosis in primary ALL cells in vitro and sensitizes primary ALL cells to chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibition in vitro and in vivo. We further analyzed the underlying mechanism of α6-associated apoptosis using a conditional knockout model of α6 in murine BCR-ABL1+ B-cell ALL cells and showed that α6-deficient ALL cells underwent apoptosis. In vivo deletion of α6 in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment was more effective in eradicating ALL than treatment with a TKI (nilotinib) alone. Proteomic analysis revealed that α6 deletion in murine ALL was associated with changes in Src signaling, including the upregulation of phosphorylated Lyn (pTyr507) and Fyn (pTyr530). Thus, our data support α6 as a novel therapeutic target for ALL.
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17
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Chakraborty S, Mir KB, Seligson ND, Nayak D, Kumar R, Goswami A. Integration of EMT and cellular survival instincts in reprogramming of programmed cell death to anastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 39:553-566. [PMID: 32020420 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a tightly controlled, coordinated cellular event responsible for inducing programmed cell death to rid the body of defective or unfit cells. Inhibition of apoptosis is, therefore, an essential process for cancer cells to harness. Genomic variants in apoptotic-controlling genes are highly prevalent in cancer and have been identified to induce pro-proliferation and pro-survival pathways, rendering cancer cells resistant to apoptosis. Traditional understanding of apoptosis defines it as an irreversible process; however, growing evidence suggests that apoptosis is a reversible process from which cells can escape, even after the activation of its most committed stages. The mechanism invoked to reverse apoptosis has been termed anastasis and poses challenges for the development and utilization of chemotherapeutic agents. Anastasis has also been identified as a mechanism by which cells can recover from apoptotic lesions and revert back to its previous functioning state. In this review, we intend to focus the attention of the reader on the comprehensive role of survival, metastasis, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as DNA damage repair mechanisms in promoting anastasis. Additionally, we will emphasize the mechanistic consequences of anastasis on drug resistance and recent rational therapeutic approaches designed to combat this resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souneek Chakraborty
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Khalid Bashir Mir
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Nathan D Seligson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, The University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nemours Children's Specialty Care, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Debasis Nayak
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 540 Riffe Building, 496 West 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India. .,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
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18
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Ratti S, Lonetti A, Follo MY, Paganelli F, Martelli AM, Chiarini F, Evangelisti C. B-ALL Complexity: Is Targeted Therapy Still A Valuable Approach for Pediatric Patients? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123498. [PMID: 33255367 PMCID: PMC7760974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary B-ALL is the more frequent childhood malignancy. Even though significant improvements in patients’ survival, some pediatric B-ALL have still poor prognosis and novel strategies are needed. Recently, new genetic abnormalities and altered signaling pathways have been described, defining novel B-ALL subtypes.Innovative targeted therapeutic drugs may potentially show a great impact on the treatment of B-ALL subtypes, offering an important chance to block multiple signaling pathways and potentially improving the clinical management of B-ALL younger patients, especially for the new identified subtypes that lack efficient chemotherapeutic protocols. In this review, we shed light on the up-to-date knowledge of the novel childhood B-ALL subtypes and the altered signaling pathways that could become new druggable targets. Abstract B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a hematologic malignancy that arises from the clonal expansion of transformed B-cell precursors and predominately affects childhood. Even though significant progresses have been made in the treatment of B-ALL, pediatric patients’ outcome has to be furtherly increased and alternative targeted treatment strategies are required for younger patients. Over the last decade, novel approaches have been used to understand the genomic landscape and the complexity of the molecular biology of pediatric B-ALL, mainly next generation sequencing, offering important insights into new B-ALL subtypes, altered pathways, and therapeutic targets that may lead to improved risk stratification and treatments. Here, we will highlight the up-to-date knowledge of the novel B-ALL subtypes in childhood, with particular emphasis on altered signaling pathways. In addition, we will discuss the targeted therapies that showed promising results for the treatment of the different B-ALL subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ratti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.R.); (M.Y.F.); (F.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- Giorgio Prodi Cancer Research Center, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Matilde Y. Follo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.R.); (M.Y.F.); (F.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Francesca Paganelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.R.); (M.Y.F.); (F.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Alberto M. Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.R.); (M.Y.F.); (F.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Francesca Chiarini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (C.E.); Tel.: +39-051-209-1581 (F.C.); +39-051-209-1581 (C.E.)
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (C.E.); Tel.: +39-051-209-1581 (F.C.); +39-051-209-1581 (C.E.)
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19
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Wang J, Xiong Y. HSH2D contributes to methotrexate resistance in human T‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2121-2129. [PMID: 33000278 PMCID: PMC7551555 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a malignant proliferative disease that originates from B-lineage or T-lineage lymphoid progenitor cells. Resistance to chemotherapy remains an important factor for treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to investigate drug resistance in T-cell ALL (T-ALL). Bioinformatics analysis of Oncomine and Gene Expression Omnibus data was performed to evaluate the expression of haematopoietic SH2 domain containing (HSH2D) in various lymphomas. HuT-78 cells with HSH2D overexpression and or knockdown were constructed, and the effect on related downstream signalling molecules was detected. To study the effect of HSH2D on methotrexate (MTX) resistance, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses were conducted using flow cytometry, and MTT and EdU assays were used to detect the effect of MTX resistance and HSH2D gene expression on the biological function of HuT-78 cells. Via the analysis of the data sets, it was identified that the expression of HSH2D was downregulated in T-ALL compared with B-cell ALL. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR demonstrated that the overexpression of HSH2 resulted in the inhibition of CD28-mediated IL-2 activation. In related experiments with drug-resistant cell lines, it was determined that HSH2D expression is necessary for HuT-78 cells to be resistant to MTX. In conclusion, the results suggested that HSH2D serves an important role in the resistance of T-ALL to MTX, which provides a potential research target for the study of drug resistance of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Xiong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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20
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Ruan Y, Kim HN, Ogana H, Kim YM. Wnt Signaling in Leukemia and Its Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176247. [PMID: 32872365 PMCID: PMC7503842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is an aggressive hematologic neoplastic disease. Therapy-resistant leukemic stem cells (LSCs) may contribute to the relapse of the disease. LSCs are thought to be protected in the leukemia microenvironment, mainly consisting of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), endothelial cells, and osteoblasts. Canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathways play a critical role in the maintenance of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and LSCs. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of Wnt signaling in leukemia and its microenvironment and provide information on the currently available strategies for targeting Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hye Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Heather Ogana
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Thamm DH, Joseph JK, Rose BJ, Meuten TK, Weishaar KM. Phase-I trial of survivin inhibition with EZN-3042 in dogs with spontaneous lymphoma. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:97. [PMID: 32209084 PMCID: PMC7092583 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphoma is a common cancer in dogs. While most dogs receiving chemotherapy experience remission, very few are cured, and median survival times are generally in the 12-month range. Novel approaches to treatment are unquestionably needed. The Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) family member survivin, which is one of the most commonly overexpressed proteins in human cancer, plays a key role in apoptosis resistance, a major cause of drug-resistant treatment failure. Survivin targeting therapies have shown promise preclinically; however, none have been evaluated in dogs to date. The goal of the current study was to determine the safety and pharmacodynamic effects of systemic administration of the anti-survivin locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotide EZN-3042 in dogs with lymphoma. RESULTS We performed a prospective phase-I clinical trial in dogs with biopsy-accessible peripheral nodal lymphoma. Eighteen dogs were treated with EZN-3042 as a 2-h IV infusion at 5 dose levels, from 3.25 to 8.25 mg/kg twice weekly for 3 treatments. No dose-limiting toxicities were encountered. Reduction in tumor survivin mRNA and protein were observed in 3 of 5 evaluable dogs at the 8.25 mg/kg dose cohort. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, reduced survivin expression was demonstrated in lymphoma tissues in the majority of dogs treated with EZN-3042 at 8.25 mg/kg twice weekly, which was associated with minimal adverse effects. This dose may be used in future studies of EZN-3042/chemotherapy combinations in dogs with spontaneous lymphoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA. .,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA. .,University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Jenette K Joseph
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Barbara J Rose
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA
| | - Travis K Meuten
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Kristen M Weishaar
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA
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22
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The Role Played by Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031098. [PMID: 32046053 PMCID: PMC7037748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive hematologic neoplastic disorder that arises from the clonal expansion of transformed T-cell or B-cell precursors. Thanks to progress in chemotherapy protocols, ALL outcome has significantly improved. However, drug-resistance remains an unresolved issue in the treatment of ALL and toxic effects limit dose escalation of current chemotherapeutics. Therefore, the identification of novel targeted therapies to support conventional chemotherapy is required. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a conserved signaling axis involved in several physiological processes such as development, differentiation, and adult tissue homeostasis. As a result, deregulation of this cascade is closely related to initiation and progression of various types of cancers, including hematological malignancies. In particular, deregulation of this signaling network is involved in the transformation of healthy HSCs in leukemic stem cells (LSCs), as well as cancer cell multi-drug-resistance. This review highlights the recent findings on the role of Wnt/β-catenin in hematopoietic malignancies and provides information on the current status of Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors with respect to their therapeutic potential in the treatment of ALL.
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23
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Shojaei Moghadam K, Farshdousti Hagh M, Alivand MR, Fardi M, Movassaghpour AA, Mohammadi A, Moghadasi M, Solali S. Emerging Effects of Sepantronium Bromide (YM155) on MOLT-4 Cell Line Apoptosis Induction and Expression of Critical Genes Involved in Apoptotic Pathways. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:81-87. [PMID: 32002365 PMCID: PMC6983994 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2020.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sepantronium bromide (YM155) is a Survivin inhibitor which recently advanced as an anticancer agent in phase II clinical trials. Survivin belongs to IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) gene family and is a pivotal target for treatment due to its overexpression and oncogenic function in many malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although survivin is a specific target for YM155, recent reports have shown that it has many other crucial targets that regulate its anti-apoptotic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether YM155 could have an effect on cell death-inducing genes as well as inducing apoptosis in T-ALL MOLT4- cell line. Methods: We treated MOLT-4 cells with increasing concentrations of YM155 and then cell viability was determined using MTT (methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium) assay. Also, the rate of induction of apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells and the target genes expression levels were evaluated by Annexin V/PI and real-time PCR, respectively. Results: YM155 inhibited cell growth in MOLT-4 cells. This outcome is achieved by inducing apoptosis and a significant increase in the expression level of P53, MiR-9, caspase 3 and decreasing the mRNA expression levels of survivin, Sirtuin1(SIRT1), member of anti-apoptotic proteins family (Bcl-2), and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiating factors Snail1and Zeb2. Conclusion: The results showed that use of YM155 can be a potential drug therapy in T-ALL patients with promising effects on apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Shojaei Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Masoumeh Fardi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Movassaghpour
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Departments of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maryam Moghadasi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
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24
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Evangelisti C, Chiarini F, Cappellini A, Paganelli F, Fini M, Santi S, Martelli AM, Neri LM, Evangelisti C. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5413-5428. [PMID: 31904116 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological disorder that results from the clonal transformation of T-cell precursors. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways play a crucial role in T-cell development and in self-renewal of healthy and leukemic stem cells. Notably, β-catenin is a transcriptional regulator of several genes involved in cancer cell proliferation and survival. In this way, aberrations of components belonging to the aforementioned networks contribute to T-ALL pathogenesis. For this reason, inhibition of both pathways could represent an innovative strategy in this hematological malignancy. Here, we show that combined targeting of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through ICG-001, a CBP/β-catenin transcription inhibitor, and of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis through ZSTK-474, a PI3K inhibitor, downregulated proliferation, survival, and clonogenic activity of T-ALL cells. ICG-001 and ZSTK-474 displayed cytotoxic effects, and, when combined together, induced a significant increase in apoptotic cells. This induction of apoptosis was associated with the downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. All these findings were confirmed under hypoxic conditions that mimic the bone marrow niche where leukemic stem cells are believed to reside. Taken together, our findings highlight potentially promising treatment consisting of cotargeting Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in T-ALL settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Chiarini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cappellini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Paganelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Spartaco Santi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA-Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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25
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Li F, Aljahdali I, Ling X. Cancer therapeutics using survivin BIRC5 as a target: what can we do after over two decades of study? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:368. [PMID: 31439015 PMCID: PMC6704566 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Survivin (also named BIRC5) is a well-known cancer therapeutic target. Since its discovery more than two decades ago, the use of survivin as a target for cancer therapeutics has remained a central goal of survivin studies in the cancer field. Many studies have provided intriguing insight into survivin's functional role in cancers, thus providing promise for survivin as a cancer therapeutic target. Despite this, moving survivin-targeting agents into and through the clinic remains a challenge. In order to address this challenge, we may need to rethink current strategies in order to develop a new mindset for targeting survivin. In this Review, we will first summarize the current survivin mechanistic studies, and then review the status of survivin cancer therapeutics, which is classified into five categories: (i) survivin-partner protein interaction inhibitors, (ii) survivin homodimerization inhibitors, (iii) survivin gene transcription inhibitors, (iv) survivin mRNA inhibitors and (v) survivin immunotherapy. We will then provide our opinions on cancer therapeutics using survivin as a target, with the goal of stimulating discussion that might facilitate translational research for discovering improved strategies and/or more effective anticancer agents that target survivin for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA. .,Developmental Therapeutics Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA.
| | - Ieman Aljahdali
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA.,Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA.,Canget BioTekpharma LLC, Buffalo, New York, USA
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26
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Lukaszewicz AI, Nguyen C, Melendez E, Lin DP, Teo JL, Lai KKY, Huttner WB, Shi SH, Kahn M. The Mode of Stem Cell Division Is Dependent on the Differential Interaction of β-Catenin with the Kat3 Coactivators CBP or p300. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070962. [PMID: 31324005 PMCID: PMC6678591 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal long-term repopulating somatic stem cells (SSCs) preferentially divide asymmetrically, with one daughter cell remaining in the niche and the other going on to be a transient amplifying cell required for generating new tissue in homeostatic maintenance and repair processes, whereas cancer stem cells (CSCs) favor symmetric divisions. We have previously proposed that differential β-catenin modulation of transcriptional activity via selective interaction with either the Kat3 coactivator CBP or its closely related paralog p300, regulates symmetric versus asymmetric division in SSCs and CSCs. We have previously demonstrated that SSCs that divide asymmetrically per force retain one of the dividing daughter cells in the stem cell niche, even when treated with specific CBP/β-catenin antagonists, whereas CSCs can be removed from their niche via forced stochastic symmetric differentiative divisions. We now demonstrate that loss of p73 in early corticogenesis biases β-catenin Kat3 coactivator usage and enhances β-catenin/CBP transcription at the expense of β-catenin/p300 transcription. Biased β-catenin coactivator usage has dramatic consequences on the mode of division of neural stem cells (NSCs), but not neurogenic progenitors. The observed increase in symmetric divisions due to enhanced β-catenin/CBP interaction and transcription leads to an immediate increase in NSC symmetric differentiative divisions. Moreover, we demonstrate for the first time that the complex phenotype caused by the loss of p73 can be rescued in utero by treatment with the small-molecule-specific CBP/β-catenin antagonist ICG-001. Taken together, our results demonstrate the causal relationship between the choice of β-catenin Kat3 coactivator and the mode of stem cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes I Lukaszewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Cu Nguyen
- Center for Molecular Pathways and Drug Discovery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Elizabeth Melendez
- Center for Molecular Pathways and Drug Discovery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - David P Lin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jia-Ling Teo
- Center for Molecular Pathways and Drug Discovery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Keane K Y Lai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Song-Hai Shi
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Kahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
- Center for Molecular Pathways and Drug Discovery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Bauer J, Nelde A, Bilich T, Walz JS. Antigen Targets for the Development of Immunotherapies in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061397. [PMID: 30897713 PMCID: PMC6471800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic approaches, including allogeneic stem cell transplantation and donor lymphocyte infusion, have significantly improved the prognosis of leukemia patients. Further efforts are now focusing on the development of immunotherapies that are able to target leukemic cells more specifically, comprising monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and dendritic cell- or peptide-based vaccination strategies. One main prerequisite for such antigen-specific approaches is the selection of suitable target structures on leukemic cells. In general, the targets for anti-cancer immunotherapies can be divided into two groups: (1) T-cell epitopes relying on the presentation of peptides via human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules and (2) surface structures, which are HLA-independently expressed on cancer cells. This review discusses the most promising tumor antigens as well as the underlying discovery and selection strategies for the development of anti-leukemia immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bauer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Annika Nelde
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tatjana Bilich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Juliane S Walz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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28
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Relapse-associated AURKB blunts the glucocorticoid sensitivity of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:3052-3061. [PMID: 30733284 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816254116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used in combination chemotherapies as front-line treatment for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Although effective, many patients relapse and become resistant to chemotherapy and GCs in particular. Why these patients relapse is not clear. We took a comprehensive, functional genomics approach to identify sources of GC resistance. A genome-wide shRNA screen identified the transcriptional coactivators EHMT2, EHMT1, and CBX3 as important contributors to GC-induced cell death. This complex selectively supports GC-induced expression of genes contributing to cell death. A metaanalysis of gene expression data from B-ALL patient specimens revealed that Aurora kinase B (AURKB), which restrains GC signaling by phosphorylating EHMT1-2, is overexpressed in relapsed B-ALL, suggesting it as a potential contributor to relapse. Inhibition of AURKB enhanced GC-induced expression of cell death genes, resulting in potentiation of GC cytotoxicity in cell lines and relapsed B-ALL patient samples. This function for AURKB is distinct from its canonical role in the cell cycle. These results show the utility of functional genomics in understanding mechanisms of resistance and rapidly identifying combination chemotherapeutics.
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29
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Kuhlen M, Klusmann JH, Hoell JI. Molecular Approaches to Treating Pediatric Leukemias. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:368. [PMID: 31555628 PMCID: PMC6742719 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, striking progress has been made in the treatment of pediatric leukemia, approaching 90% overall survival in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 75% in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This has mainly been achieved through multiagent chemotherapy including CNS prophylaxis and risk-adapted therapy within collaborative clinical trials. However, prognosis in children with refractory or relapsed leukemia remains poor and has not significantly improved despite great efforts. Hence, more effective and less toxic therapies are urgently needed. Our understanding of disease biology, molecular drivers, drug resistance and, thus, the possibility to identify children at high-risk for treatment failure has significantly improved in recent years. Moreover, several new drugs targeting key molecular pathways involved in leukemia development, cell growth, and proliferation have been developed and approved. These striking achievements are linked to the great hope to further improve survival in children with refractory and relapsed leukemia. This review gives an overview on current molecularly targeted therapies in children with leukemia, including kinase, and proteasome inhibitors, epigenetic and enzyme targeting, as well as apoptosis regulators among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kuhlen
- Swabian Children's Cancer Center, University Children's Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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30
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Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family comprises a group of endogenous proteins that function as main regulators of caspase activity and cell death. They are considered the main culprits in evasion of apoptosis, which is a fundamental hallmark of carcinogenesis. Overexpression of IAP proteins has been documented in various solid and hematological malignancies, rendering them resistant to standard chemotherapeutics and radiation therapy and conferring poor prognosis. This observation has urged their exploitation as therapeutic targets in cancer with promising pre-clinical outcomes. This review describes the structural and functional features of IAP proteins to elucidate the mechanism of their anti-apoptotic activity. We also provide an update on patterns of IAP expression in different tumors, their impact on treatment response and prognosis, as well as the emerging investigational drugs targeting them. This aims at shedding the light on the advances in IAP targeting achieved to date, and encourage further development of clinically applicable therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat S Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- , Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mai K Bishr
- Department of Radiotherapy, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad M Almutairi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat G Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, El Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Stroopinsky D, Rajabi H, Nahas M, Rosenblatt J, Rahimian M, Pyzer A, Tagde A, Kharbanda A, Jain S, Kufe T, Leaf RK, Anastasiadou E, Bar-Natan M, Orr S, Coll MD, Palmer K, Ephraim A, Cole L, Washington A, Kufe D, Avigan D. MUC1-C drives myeloid leukaemogenesis and resistance to treatment by a survivin-mediated mechanism. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3887-3898. [PMID: 29761849 PMCID: PMC6050463 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive haematological malignancy with an unmet need for improved therapies. Responses to standard cytotoxic therapy in AML are often transient because of the emergence of chemotherapy‐resistant disease. The MUC1‐C oncoprotein governs critical pathways of tumorigenesis, including self‐renewal and survival, and is aberrantly expressed in AML blasts and leukaemia stem cells (LSCs). However, a role for MUC1‐C in linking leukaemogenesis and resistance to treatment has not been described. In this study, we demonstrate that MUC1‐C overexpression is associated with increased leukaemia initiating capacity in an NSG mouse model. In concert with those results, MUC1‐C silencing in multiple AML cell lines significantly reduced the establishment of AML in vivo. In addition, targeting MUC1‐C with silencing or pharmacologic inhibition with GO‐203 led to a decrease in active β‐catenin levels and, in‐turn, down‐regulation of survivin, a critical mediator of leukaemia cell survival. Targeting MUC1‐C was also associated with increased sensitivity of AML cells to Cytarabine (Ara‐C) treatment by a survivin‐dependent mechanism. Notably, low MUC1 and survivin gene expression were associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with AML. These findings emphasize the importance of MUC1‐C to myeloid leukaemogenesis and resistance to treatment by driving survivin expression. Our findings also highlight the potential translational relevance of combining GO‐203 with Ara‐C for the treatment of patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Stroopinsky
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myrna Nahas
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacalyn Rosenblatt
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maryam Rahimian
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Athalia Pyzer
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashujit Tagde
- Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akriti Kharbanda
- Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Salvia Jain
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Turner Kufe
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca K Leaf
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michal Bar-Natan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shira Orr
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maxwell D Coll
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristen Palmer
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam Ephraim
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leandra Cole
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail Washington
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Avigan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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32
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Paz H, Joo EJ, Chou CH, Fei F, Mayo KH, Abdel-Azim H, Ghazarian H, Groffen J, Heisterkamp N. Treatment of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the Galectin-1 inhibitor PTX008. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:67. [PMID: 29580262 PMCID: PMC5870532 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Drug resistance of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BP-ALL) cells is conferred by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which could be targeted to promote chemo-sensitization. Our previous studies showed that Galectin-3, a lectin that clusters galactose-modified glycoproteins and that has both an intracellular and extracellular location, protects different subtypes of BP-ALL cells against chemotherapy. Galectin-1 is related to Galectin-3 and its expression was previously reported to be restricted to the MLL subtype of BP-ALL. Methods and results Here, we report that Galectin-1 is expressed at different levels in and on different subclasses of BP-ALLs. Bone marrow plasma also contains high levels of Galectin-1. PTX008 is an allosteric inhibitor which inhibits Galectin-1 but not Galectin-3-mediated agglutination. The compound reduces migration of BP-ALL cells to CXCL12 and OP9 stromal cells and inhibits fibronectin-mediated adhesion. It also affects cell cycle progression of BCP-ALL cells. PTX008 is cytostatic for BP-ALL cells even when these are co-cultured with protective stroma, and can sensitize ALL cells to vincristine chemotherapy in vitro and in mice. Conclusions PTX008 inhibits multiple functions that contribute to BP-ALL survival. The effects of Galectin-1 inhibition on both BP-ALL cell proliferation and migration suggest both the leukemia cells as well as the microenvironment that protects these cells may be targeted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0721-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helicia Paz
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Eun Ji Joo
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Hsing Chou
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Fei Fei
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Pathology Department, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Health Sciences Center, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Haike Ghazarian
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - John Groffen
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Nora Heisterkamp
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA.
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5-Azacytidine prevents relapse and produces long-term complete remissions in leukemia xenografts treated with Moxetumomab pasudotox. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1867-E1875. [PMID: 29432154 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714512115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Moxetumomab pasudotox (Moxe) is a chimeric protein composed of an anti-CD22 Fv fused to a portion of Pseudomonas exotoxin A and kills CD22-expressing leukemia cells. It is very active in hairy-cell leukemia, but many children with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) either respond transiently or are initially resistant. Resistance to Moxe in cultured cells is due to low expression of diphthamide genes (DPH), but only two of six ALL blast samples from resistant patients had low DPH expression. To develop a more clinically relevant model of resistance, we treated NSG mice bearing KOPN-8 or Reh cells with Moxe. More than 99.9% of the cancer cells were killed by Moxe, but relapse occurred from discrete bone marrow sites. The resistant cells would no longer grow in cell culture and showed major chromosomal changes and changes in phenotype with greatly decreased CD22. RNA deep sequencing of resistant KOPN-8 blasts revealed global changes in gene expression, indicating dedifferentiation toward less-mature B cell precursors, and showed an up-regulation of myeloid genes. When Moxe was combined with 5-azacytidine, resistance was prevented and survival increased to over 5 months in the KOPN-8 model and greatly improved in the Reh model. We conclude that Moxe resistance in mice is due to a new mechanism that could not be observed using cultured cells and is prevented by treatment with 5-azacytidine.
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Xu Y, Gao CC, Pan ZG, Zhou CW. Irigenin sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:998-1005. [PMID: 29305260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) holds promising value for cancer therapy due to its capacity to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Nevertheless, TRAIL therapy is greatly hampered by its resistance. Irigenin (Iri), isoflavonoids, can be isolated from the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis, and has been shown anti-cancer properties. In this study, we explored if Iri could enhance TRAIL-regulated apoptosis in TRAIL resistant gastric cancer cells. Iri significantly potentiated TRAIL-triggered cytotoxicity. Iri alone and TRAIL alone showed no effective role in apoptosis induction, whereas combined treatment with Iri and TRAIL markedly induced apoptosis in cancer cells, as evidenced by the up-regulation of cleaved Caspase-8/-9/-3 and PARP. Additionally, the sensitization to TRAIL was along with the enhancement of pro-apoptotic proteins, including FAS-associated protein with death domain (FADD), death receptor 5 (DR5) and Bax. And suppressing FADD, DR5 and Bax by si RNA significantly reduced the apoptosis and enhanced the cell viability induced by the co-application of Iri and TRAIL. Moreover, the sensitization to TRAIL was accompanied by the decrease of Cellular-FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), Bcl-2 and Survivin. Additionally, Iri could sensitize TRAIL to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pre-treatment of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), ROS scavenger, attenuated Iri plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis and improved cell viability. Finally, combination of Iri and TRAIL inhibited tumor growth in the xenograft model. Collectively, our present study gave new insights into the effects of Iri on potentiating TRAIL-sensitivity, and suggested that Iri could be a potential candidate for sensitizer of TRAIL-resistant cancer cell treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.6, Beijing West Road, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Gao
- Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.6, Beijing West Road, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Pan
- Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.6, Beijing West Road, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Chuan-Wen Zhou
- Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.6, Beijing West Road, Huai'an, 223300, China.
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Wei Q, Li J, Tang F, Yin Y, Zhao Y, Yao Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-arylvinyl-substituted naphtho[2,3-d]imidazolium halide derivatives as potent antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 144:504-516. [PMID: 29288947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two series of novel 2-arylvinyl-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazol-3-ium iodide derivatives and 2-arylvinyl-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazol-3-ium bromide derivatives were designed and synthesized by the structural combination of YM155 with stilbenoids. All compounds were tested for anti-proliferative activity against PC-3, A375 and HeLa human cancer cell lines. Two of the compounds were selected for further investigation: 12b, which showed potent cytotoxicity against the three tested cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 0.06-0.21 μM, and 7l, which displayed excellent selectivity for PC-3 cells with an IC50 of only 22 nM. Western blot analysis results indicated that both 12b and 7l suppress the expression of Bcl-2 and Survivin proteins, which helps induce apoptosis. As determined by the percent of Annexin V-FITC-positive apoptotic cells, 12b was not only significantly more effective than 7l at a concentration of 100 nM in PC-3 cells but also induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner with more potency than 7l at a concentration of 1000 nM in A375 cells. Therefore, compound 12b was chosen for further in-depth studies investigating the mechanism of apoptosis. The results showed that it could activate caspase-3, hydrolyze PARP, and even inactivate ERK. Moreover, 12b arrested A375 cells at S phase in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, while having a visible effect on microtubule dynamics. In addition, (E)-2-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)vinyl)-1-benzyl-3-(2-methoxyethyl)-4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazol-3-ium bromide (12b) exhibited significant antitumor activity when evaluated in a subcutaneous solid tumor model. Our study reveals that 2-arylvinyl-substituted naphtho[2,3-d]imidazolium scaffolding is a promising new entity for the development of multi-target anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Feng Tang
- MtC Biopharma, Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Yin Yin
- MtC Biopharma, Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- MtC Biopharma, Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
| | - Qizheng Yao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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36
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Li F, Jiang T, Li Q, Ling X. Camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives are known to target topoisomerase I (Top1) as their mechanism of action: did we miss something in CPT analogue molecular targets for treating human disease such as cancer? Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:2350-2394. [PMID: 29312794 PMCID: PMC5752681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) was discovered from plant extracts more than 60 years ago. Since then, only two CPT analogues (irinotecan and topotecan) have been approved for cancer treatment, although several thousand CPT derivatives have been synthesized and many of them were actively studied in our research community over the past 6+ decades. In this review article, we briefly summarize: (1) the discovery and early development of CPTs, (2) the recognized CPT mechanism of action (MOA), (3) the synthesis of CPT and CPT analogues, and (4) the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of CPT and its analogues. Next, we provide evidence that certain CPT analogues can exert improved efficacy with low toxicity independently of topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibition; instead, these CPT analogues use novel MOAs by targeting important cancer survival-associated oncogenic proteins and/or by bypassing various treatment-resistant mechanisms. We then present a comprehensive review of the most advanced CPT analogues in clinical development, with the goal of resolving why no new CPTs have been FDA approved for cancer treatment, beyond irinotecan and topotecan. We argue that new CPT Top1 inhibitor drugs are unlikely being found to be significantly better than irinotecan and/or topotecan in terms of the overall antitumor activity and toxicity. The significance of CPT analogues that possess novel MOAs has not been sufficiently recognized so far. In our opinion, this is a research area with great potential to make a breakthrough for development of the next generation of CPT analogues that possess high efficacy (due to novel targets) and low toxicity (due to low inhibition of Top1 activity/function) for effective treatment of human disease, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer InstituteBuffalo, New York, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of ChinaQingdao, China
| | - Qingyong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer InstituteBuffalo, New York, USA
- Canget BioTekpharmaBuffalo, New York, USA
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Sun Y, Wang C, Meng Q, Liu Z, Huo X, Sun P, Sun H, Ma X, Peng J, Liu K. Targeting P-glycoprotein and SORCIN: Dihydromyricetin strengthens anti-proliferative efficiency of adriamycin via MAPK/ERK and Ca 2+ -mediated apoptosis pathways in MCF-7/ADR and K562/ADR. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3066-3079. [PMID: 28681913 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a new target Ca2+ -binding protein SORCIN was reported to participate in multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. Here we aim to investigate whether dihydromyricetin (DMY), a dihydroflavonol compound with anti-inflamatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-tumor actions, reverses MDR in MCF-7/ADR and K562/ADR and to elucidate its potential molecular mechanism. DMY enhanced cytotoxicity of adriamycin (ADR) by downregulating MDR1 mRNA and P-gp expression through MAPK/ERK pathway and also inhibiting the function of P-gp significantly. Meanwhile, DMY decreased mRNA and protein expression of SORCIN, which resulted in elevating intracellular free Ca2+ . Finally, we investigated co-administration ADR with DMY remarkably increased ADR-induced apoptosis. Further study showed DMY elevated ROS levels and caspase-12 protein expression, which signal apoptosis in endoplasmic reticulum. At the same time, proteins related to mitochondrial apoptosis were also changed such as Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP. Finally, nude mice model also demonstrated that DMY strengthened anti-tumor activity of ADR in vivo. In conclusion, DMY reverses MDR by downregulating P-gp, SORCIN expression and increasing free Ca2+ , as well as, inducing apoptosis in MCF-7/ADR and K562/ADR. These fundamental findings provide evidence for further clinical research in application of DMY as an assistant agent in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoting Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Duchartre Y, Bachl S, Kim HN, Gang EJ, Lee S, Liu HC, Shung K, Xu R, Kruse A, Tachas G, Bonig H, Kim YM. Effects of CD49d-targeted antisense-oligonucleotide on α4 integrin expression and function of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells: Results of in vitro and in vivo studies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187684. [PMID: 29117236 PMCID: PMC5678723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated the effectiveness of blocking CD49d with anti-functional antibodies or small molecule inhibitors as a rational targeted approach to the treatment of acute leukemia in combination with chemotherapy. Antisense oligonucleotide promises to be no less specific than antibodies and inhibitors, but more interesting for pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. We addressed this using the published CD49d antisense drug ATL1102. In vitro, we incubated/nucleofected the ALL cell line Kasumi-2 with ATL1102. In vivo, immunodeficient hosts were engrafted with primary ALL cells and treated with ATL1102. Changes in expression of CD49d mRNA and CD49d protein, and of cooperating gene products, including ß1 integrin and CXCR4, as well as survival in the mouse experiments were quantified. We observed dose-dependent down-regulation of CD49d mRNA and protein levels and its partner integrin ß1 cell surface protein level and, up-regulation of CXCR4 surface expression. The suppression was more pronounced after nucleofection than after incubation, where down-regulation was significant only at the higher doses. In vivo effects of ATL1102 were not sufficient to translate into “clinical” benefit in the leukemia model. In summary, antisense oligonucleotides are successful tools for specifically modulating gene expression but sufficient delivery to down-regulate CD49d in vivo may be difficult to achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Duchartre
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Stefanie Bachl
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Goethe University, and German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hye Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Eun Ji Gang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Solah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Hsiao-chuan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Kirk Shung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Ruth Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Aaron Kruse
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - George Tachas
- Antisense Therapeutics Limited, Toorak, Victoria, Australia
| | - Halvard Bonig
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Goethe University, and German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Liu Y, Xue F, Zhang Y, Lei P, Wang Z, Zhu Z, Sun K. N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane enhances the chemosensitivity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to vincristine through inhibition of eif5a-2 activation. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:1097-1105. [PMID: 28885268 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane (GC7), a deoxyhypusine synthase inhibitor, has been shown to exert antiproliferation effects in many solid tumors by regulating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5a2 (eif5a-2). However, little is known about the role of GC7 and eif5a-2 in drug resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the present study, we investigated the effect of GC7 on drug-resistant ALL and its potential mechanism. We found that using the CCK-8 assay that combined treatment with GC7 and vincristine (VCR) significantly inhibited the cell viability of two ALL cell lines. Using EdU incorporation assays and flow cytometry, we also showed that GC7 could markedly enhance the VCR sensitivity of ALL cells by suppressing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, we showed that GC7 could downregulate eif5a-2 and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) expression. Knockdown of eif5a-2 inhibited the expression of Mcl-1 and significantly enhanced the VCR sensitivity. Moreover, eif5a-2 knockdown decreased the regulatory role of GC7 in increasing VCR sensitivity. Thus, our findings indicate that combined treatment with GC7 could enhance VCR sensitivity of ALL cells by regulating the eif5a-2/Mcl-1 axis. Together, our results highlight the potential clinical application of GC7 in VCR-based chemotherapy for the treatment of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Liu
- Departments of aHemotology bHepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ha VL, Luong A, Li F, Casero D, Malvar J, Kim YM, Bhatia R, Crooks GM, Parekh C. The T-ALL related gene BCL11B regulates the initial stages of human T-cell differentiation. Leukemia 2017; 31:2503-2514. [PMID: 28232744 PMCID: PMC5599326 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The initial stages of T-cell differentiation are characterized by a progressive commitment to the T-cell lineage, a process that involves the loss of alternative (myelo-erythroid, NK, B) lineage potentials. Aberrant differentiation during these stages can result in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). However, the mechanisms regulating the initial stages of human T-cell differentiation are obscure. Through loss of function studies, we showed BCL11B, a transcription factor recurrently mutated T-ALL, is essential for T-lineage commitment, particularly the repression of NK and myeloid potentials, and the induction of T-lineage genes, during the initial stages of human T-cell differentiation. In gain of function studies, BCL11B inhibited growth of and induced a T-lineage transcriptional program in T-ALL cells. We found previously unknown differentiation stage-specific DNA binding of BCL11B at multiple T-lineage genes; target genes showed BCL11B-dependent expression, suggesting a transcriptional activator role for BCL11B at these genes. Transcriptional analyses revealed differences in the regulatory actions of BCL11B between human and murine thymopoiesis. Our studies show BCL11B is a key regulator of the initial stages of human T-cell differentiation and delineate the BCL11B transcriptional program, enabling the dissection of the underpinnings of normal T-cell differentiation and providing a resource for understanding dysregulations in T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- VL Ha
- Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Disease, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Luong
- Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Disease, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - F Li
- MiNGS Core Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D Casero
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Malvar
- Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Disease, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - YM Kim
- Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Disease, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - R Bhatia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - GM Crooks
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - C Parekh
- Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Disease, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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41
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Ribera J, Zamora L, Morgades M, Mallo M, Solanes N, Batlle M, Vives S, Granada I, Juncà J, Malinverni R, Genescà E, Guàrdia R, Mercadal S, Escoda L, Martinez-Lopez J, Tormo M, Esteve J, Pratcorona M, Martinez-Losada C, Solé F, Feliu E, Ribera JM. Copy number profiling of adult relapsed B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals potential leukemia progression mechanisms. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 56:810-820. [PMID: 28758283 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcome of relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains dismal despite new therapeutic approaches. Previous studies analyzing relapse samples have shown a high degree of heterogeneity regarding gene alterations without an evident relapse signature. Bone marrow or peripheral blood samples from 31 adult B-cell precursor ALL patients at first relapse, and 21 paired diagnostic samples were analyzed by multiplex ligation probe-dependent amplification (MLPA). Nineteen paired diagnostic and relapse samples of these 21 patients were also analyzed by SNP arrays. A trend to acquire homozygous CDKN2A/B deletions and a significant increase in the number of copy number alterations (CNA) was observed from diagnosis to first relapse. Evolution from an ancestral clone was the main pattern of clonal evolution. Relapse samples were extremely heterogeneous regarding CNA frequencies. However, CDKN2A/B, PAX5, ETV6, ATM, IKZF1, VPREB1, and TP53 deletions and duplications of 1q, 8q, 17q, 21, X/Y PAR1, and Xp were frequently detected at relapse. Duplications of genes involved in cell proliferation, drug resistance and stem cell homeostasis regulation, as well as deletions of KDM6A and STAG2 genes emerged as specific alterations at relapse. Genomics of relapsed adult B-cell precursor ALL is highly heterogeneous, although some recurrent lesions involved in essential pathways deregulation were frequently observed. Selective and simultaneous targeting of these deregulated pathways may improve the results of current salvage therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ribera
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lurdes Zamora
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mireia Morgades
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mar Mallo
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Neus Solanes
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Batlle
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Susana Vives
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Isabel Granada
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jordi Juncà
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Roberto Malinverni
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Genescà
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ramon Guàrdia
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Santiago Mercadal
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Lourdes Escoda
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Esteve
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Clinic Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pratcorona
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Solé
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Evarist Feliu
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Josep-Maria Ribera
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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Sam MR, Esmaeillou M, Sam S, Shokrgozar MA. Fish-oil-derived eicosapentaenoic acid decreases survivin expression and induces wt-p53 accumulation with caspase-3 activation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:714-724. [PMID: 28920465 DOI: 10.1177/0960327117730879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in modulating wild-type (wt) p53 and survivin are associated with a resistant disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Yet, no wt-p53 and survivin modulating drugs have been approved for clinical application in ALL. Here, we investigated if in vitro eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations equal to human plasma levels are able to target wt-p53 and survivin. METHODS Wt-p53 Molt-4 cells (ALL cell line) were treated with 50, 100, 150, and 200 µM of EPA after which cell number, viability, proliferation rate, survivin expression, wt-p53 accumulation, caspase-3 activation, and apoptosis were evaluated. RESULTS After 48- and 72-h treatments with EPA at concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 µM, cell proliferation rates were measured to be 71.5-32.6% and 68.2-13.7% and metabolic activities were measured to be 77-44% and 71-26%, respectively. Treatment with 50-200 µM of EPA for 48 h resulted in 14.1-74.6% and 69.5-45.5% decreases in survivin mRNA and protein levels, respectively. EPA induced 1.3-6 and 1.9-20-fold increases in caspase-3 activation and wt-p53 accumulation, respectively. Increase in wt-p53/survivin and caspase-3/survivin ratios from 1 in untreated cells to 20.3 and 5.8 was measured for 150 µM of EPA. Low necrotic rates ranging from 0.3% to 2.8% and an increase in the number of total apoptotic cells (early + late) ranging from 9.8% to 81% were also observed with increasing EPA concentrations. CONCLUSION EPA induces strongly wt-p53 with a remarkable decrease in survivin expression, representing an attractive compound to modulate wt-p53 and survivin in ALL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Sam
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - M Esmaeillou
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - S Sam
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - M A Shokrgozar
- 2 National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Wang J, Liu Z, Zhang D, Liu R, Lin Q, Liu J, Yang Z, Ma Q, Sun D, Zhou X, Jiang G. FL118, a novel survivin inhibitor, wins the battle against drug-resistant and metastatic lung cancers through inhibition of cancer stem cell-like properties. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:3676-3686. [PMID: 28861158 PMCID: PMC5575181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Failure of cancer treatment caused by drug resistance and metastasis is mainly due to existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Therefore, targeting CSCs to overcome cancers is a challenging issue in clinic. In this report, in view of the important role of survivin in tumor growth and CSCs maintaining, we aimed to confirm that FL118, as a novel survivin inhibitor, may effectively inhibit lung cancer stem cells. We showed that lung cancer stem cells have the obviously higher expression of survivin than their parental cells. After treated with FL118, the survivin level in CSCs was suppressed. Consistently, lung cancer stem cells displayed significantly growth inhibition over time. Here, we compared the antitumor efficacy between FL118 and cisplatin. The data revealed that CSCs are more sensitive to FL118 than cisplatin. To further demonstrate the inhibitory effect of FL118 on CSCs, we found that FL118 down-regulated the expression of CSCs markers (ABCG2, ALDH1A1, Oct4) and drug resistant proteins (P-gp, ERCC1), suggesting that FL118 may change CSCs phenotype and improve drug-sensitivity of tumor cells. Moreover, FL118 effectively decreased the invasive ability of CSCs. These findings expand the uniqueness of FL118 as an attractive therapeutic option for cancers with drug-resistant or metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Zhantao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Qian Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Qingxia Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Dantong Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
| | - Guohui Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266021, China
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Kim YM, Gang EJ, Kahn M. CBP/Catenin antagonists: Targeting LSCs' Achilles heel. Exp Hematol 2017; 52:1-11. [PMID: 28479420 PMCID: PMC5526056 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), including leukemia stem cells (LSCs), exhibit self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential and have the capacity to maintain or renew and propagate a tumor/leukemia. The initial isolation of CSCs/LSCs was in adult myelogenous leukemia, although more recently, the existence of CSCs in a wide variety of other cancers has been reported. CSCs, in general, and LSCs, specifically with respect to this review, are responsible for initiation of disease, therapeutic resistance and ultimately disease relapse. One key focus in cancer research over the past decade has been the development of therapies that safely eliminate the LSC/CSC population. One major obstacle to this goal is the identification of key mechanisms that distinguish LSCs from normal endogenous hematopoietic stem cells. An additional daunting feature that has recently come to light with advances in next-generation sequencing and single-cell sequencing is the heterogeneity within leukemias/tumors, with multiple combinations of mutations, gain and loss of function of genes, and so on being capable of driving disease, even within the CSC/LSC population. The focus of this review/perspective is on our work in identifying and validating, in both chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a safe and efficacious mechanism to target an evolutionarily conserved signaling nexus, which constitutes a common "Achilles heel" for LSCs/CSCs, using small molecule-specific CBP/catenin antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Mi Kim
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eun-Ji Gang
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael Kahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Center for Molecular Pathways and Drug Discovery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
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45
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Peery RC, Liu JY, Zhang JT. Targeting survivin for therapeutic discovery: past, present, and future promises. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1466-1477. [PMID: 28577912 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Survivin, the smallest member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, is overexpressed in cells of almost all cancers but not in most normal tissues in adults. Survivin expression is required for cancer cell survival and knocking down its expression or inhibiting its function using molecular approaches results in spontaneous apoptosis. Thus, survivin is an attractive and perhaps ideal target for cancer drug discovery. However, a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug targeting survivin has yet to emerge. In this Foundation Review, we examine and evaluate various strategies that have been used to target survivin and the stages of each survivin inhibitor to help understand this lack of success. We also provide future perspectives moving forward in targeting survivin for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Peery
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Survivin and gynaecological tumours. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:295-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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In vitro evaluation of penta-O-galloyl-β- d -glucose (PGG) on miRNA expression and apoptosis in BCR - ABL + ALL. GENE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kamran M, Long ZJ, Xu D, Lv SS, Liu B, Wang CL, Xu J, Lam EWF, Liu Q. Aurora kinase A regulates Survivin stability through targeting FBXL7 in gastric cancer drug resistance and prognosis. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e298. [PMID: 28218735 PMCID: PMC5337621 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (AURKA) has been implicated in the regulation of cell cycle progression, mitosis and a key number of oncogenic signaling pathways in various malignancies. However, little is known about its role in gastric cancer prognosis and genotoxic resistance. Here we found that AURKA was highly overexpressed in gastric cancer and inversely correlated with disease prognosis. Overexpression of AURKA exacerbated gastric cancer drug resistance through upregulating the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Survivin. Conversely, we demonstrated that AURKA depletion caused a decrease in Survivin protein levels by increasing its ubiquitylation and degradation. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that upon AURKA depletion, Survivin bound to the FBXL7 E3 ubiquitin ligase, which induced ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of Survivin. In addition, we showed that AURKA regulated FBXL7 both at the levels of transcription and translation. Moreover, proteomic analysis of nuclear AURKA-interacting proteins identified Forkhead box protein P1 (FOXP1). We next showed that AURKA was required for FBXL7 transcription and that AURKA negatively regulated FOXP1-mediated FBXL7 expression. The physiological relevance of the regulation of Survivin by AURKA through the FOXP1–FBXL7 axis was further underscored by the significant positive correlations between AURKA and Survivin expression in gastric cancer patient samples. Moreover, the AURKA depletion or kinase inhibition-induced apoptotic cell death could be reversed by Survivin ectopic overexpression, further supporting that AURKA regulated Survivin to enhance drug resistance. In agreement, inhibition of AURKA synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effect of DNA-damaging agents in cancer cells by suppressing Survivin expression. Taken together, our data suggest that AURKA restricts Survivin ubiquitylation and degradation in gastric cancer to promote drug resistance and hence the AURKA–Survivin axis can be targeted to promote the efficacy of DNA-damaging agents in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamran
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z-J Long
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital; Institute of Hematology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - D Xu
- State key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine/Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - S-S Lv
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - B Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C-L Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - E W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Q Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian/State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital; Institute of Hematology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Shabestari RM, Safa M, Alikarami F, Banan M, Kazemi A. CREB knockdown inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through inhibition of prosurvival signals. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:274-279. [PMID: 28063408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A majority of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients overexpress CREB in the bone marrow. However, the functional significance of this up-regulation and the detailed molecular mechanism behind the regulatory effect of CREB on the growth of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) cells has not been elucidated. We demonstrated here that CREB knockdown induced apoptosis and impaired growth of BCP-ALL NALM-6 cells which was associated with caspase activation. The gene expression levels of prosurvival signals Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-xL, survivin and XIAP were down-regulated upon CREB suppression. These findings indicate a critical role for CREB in proliferation, survival, and apoptosis of BCP-ALL cells. The data also suggest that CREB could possibly serve as potential therapeutic target in BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Manafi Shabestari
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Safa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Alikarami
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Banan
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Kazemi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Tushir-Singh J. Antibody-siRNA conjugates: drugging the undruggable for anti-leukemic therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:325-338. [PMID: 27977315 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1273344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Generating effective RNAi-based therapies with the potential to achieve leukemia remission remains critical unmet need. Despite a growing number of leukemia clinical trials, tissue specific delivery of therapeutic siRNA is a major roadblock in translating its clinical potential. The most recent reports in the antibody-siRNA-conjugates (ARCs) field add new dimensions to leukemic therapy, where a covalently ligated therapeutic antisense-RNA with the potential to repress the oncogenic transcript is selectively delivered into the cancer cells. Despite ARC localization to leukemic cells due to high affinity antigen-antibody interactions, multiple challenges exist to unlock the therapeutic potential of siRNA targeting. Areas covered: This review focuses on antibody and siRNA-based therapies for leukemia as well as potential antibody engineering-based strategies to generate an optimal ARC platform. Expert opinion: In vitro and clinical results have revealed that non-targeted delivery and inefficient cellular internalization of therapeutic siRNA are major contributing factors for the lack of efficacy in leukemia patients. Rational antibody design and selective protein engineering with the potential to neutralize siRNA charge, stabilize ARC complex, restrict off-targeted delivery, optimize endosomal escape, and extend serum half-life will generate clinically relevant leukemic therapies that are safe, selective, and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogender Tushir-Singh
- a Laboratory of Novel Biologics, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics , University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
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