1
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Gueiderikh A, Maczkowiak-Chartois F, Rosselli F. A new frontier in Fanconi anemia: From DNA repair to ribosome biogenesis. Blood Rev 2021; 52:100904. [PMID: 34750031 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2021.100904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Described by Guido Fanconi almost 100 years ago, Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer predisposition. The proteins encoded by FA-mutated genes (FANC proteins) and assembled in the so-called FANC/BRCA pathway have key functions in DNA repair and replication safeguarding, which loss leads to chromosome structural aberrancies. Therefore, since the 1980s, FA has been considered a genomic instability and chromosome fragility syndrome. However, recent findings have demonstrated new and unexpected roles of FANC proteins in nucleolar homeostasis and ribosome biogenesis, the alteration of which impacts cellular proteostasis. Here, we review the different cellular, biochemical and molecular anomalies associated with the loss of function of FANC proteins and discuss how these anomalies contribute to BMF by comparing FA to other major inherited BMF syndromes. Our aim is to determine the extent to which alterations in the DNA damage response in FA contribute to BMF compared to the consequences of the loss of function of the FANC/BRCA pathway on the other roles of the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gueiderikh
- CNRS - UMR9019, Équipe labellisée "La Ligue contre le Cancer", 94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
| | - Frédérique Maczkowiak-Chartois
- CNRS - UMR9019, Équipe labellisée "La Ligue contre le Cancer", 94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS - UMR9019, Équipe labellisée "La Ligue contre le Cancer", 94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
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2
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Oppezzo A, Bourseguin J, Renaud E, Pawlikowska P, Rosselli F. Microphthalmia transcription factor expression contributes to bone marrow failure in Fanconi anemia. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1377-1391. [PMID: 31877112 DOI: 10.1172/jci131540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) attrition is considered the key event underlying progressive BM failure (BMF) in Fanconi anemia (FA), the most frequent inherited BMF disorder in humans. However, despite major advances, how the cellular, biochemical, and molecular alterations reported in FA lead to HSC exhaustion remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated in human and mouse cells that loss-of-function of FANCA or FANCC, products of 2 genes affecting more than 80% of FA patients worldwide, is associated with constitutive expression of the transcription factor microphthalmia (MiTF) through the cooperative, unscheduled activation of several stress-signaling pathways, including the SMAD2/3, p38 MAPK, NF-κB, and AKT cascades. We validated the unrestrained Mitf expression downstream of p38 in Fanca-/- mice, which display hallmarks of hematopoietic stress, including loss of HSC quiescence, DNA damage accumulation in HSCs, and reduced HSC repopulation capacity. Importantly, we demonstrated that shRNA-mediated downregulation of Mitf expression or inhibition of p38 signaling rescued HSC quiescence and prevented DNA damage accumulation. Our data support the hypothesis that HSC attrition in FA is the consequence of defects in the DNA-damage response combined with chronic activation of otherwise transiently activated signaling pathways, which jointly prevent the recovery of HSC quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Oppezzo
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Julie Bourseguin
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Emilie Renaud
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrycja Pawlikowska
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
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3
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Giardino S, Latour RP, Aljurf M, Eikema D, Bosman P, Bertrand Y, Tbakhi A, Holter W, Bornhäuser M, Rössig C, Burkhardt B, Zecca M, Afanasyev B, Michel G, Ganser A, Alseraihy A, Ayas M, Uckan‐Cetinkaya D, Bruno B, Patrick K, Bader P, Itälä‐Remes M, Rocha V, Jubert C, Diaz MA, Shaw PJ, Junior LGD, Locatelli F, Kröger N, Faraci M, Pierri F, Lanino E, Miano M, Risitano A, Robin M, Dufour C. Outcome of patients with Fanconi anemia developing myelodysplasia and acute leukemia who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective analysis on behalf of EBMT group. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:809-816. [PMID: 32267023 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is curative for bone marrow failure in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA), but the presence of a malignant transformation is associated with a poor prognosis and the management of these patients is still challenging. We analyzed outcome of 74 FA patients with a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 35), acute leukemia (n = 35) or with cytogenetic abnormalities (n = 4), who underwent allo-HSCT from 1999 to 2016 in EBMT network. Type of diagnosis, pre-HSCT cytoreductive therapies and related toxicities, disease status pre-HSCT, donor type, and conditioning regimen were considered as main variables potentially influencing outcome. The 5-year OS and EFS were 42% (30-53%) and 39% (27-51%), respectively. Patients transplanted in CR showed better OS compared with those transplanted in presence of an active malignant disease (OS:71%[48-95] vs 37% [24-50],P = .04), while none of the other variables considered had an impact. Twenty-two patients received pre-HSCT cytoreduction and 9/22 showed a grade 3-4 toxicity, without any lethal event or negative influence on survival after HSCT(OS:toxicity pre-HSCT 48% [20-75%] vs no-toxicity 51% [25-78%],P = .98). The cumulative incidence of day-100 grade II-IV a-GvHD and of 5-year c-GvHD were 38% (26-50%) and 40% (28-52%). Non-relapse-related mortality and incidence of relapse at 5-years were 40% (29-52%) and 21% (11-30%) respectively, without any significant impact of the tested variables. Causes of death were transplant-related events in most patients (34 out of the 42 deaths, 81%). This analysis confirms the poor outcome of transformed FA patients and identifies the importance of achieving CR pre-HSCT, suggesting that, in a newly diagnosed transformed FA patient, a cytoreductive approach pre-HSCT should be considered if a donor have been secured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giardino
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation UnitIstituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy
| | - Regis P. Latour
- French reference center for aplastic anemia and PNH;Saint‐Louis HospitalUniversité de Paris Paris France
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- King Faisal Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Rössig
- Pediatric Hematology and OncologyUniversity Children´s Hospital Muenster Muenster Germany
| | - Birgit Burkhardt
- Pediatric Hematology and OncologyUniversity Children´s Hospital Muenster Muenster Germany
| | - Marco Zecca
- Fondazione IRCSS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy
| | | | | | | | - Amal Alseraihy
- King Faisal Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mouhab Ayas
- King Faisal Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Peter Bader
- Immunologie und IntensivmedizinKlinikum der Johann‐Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Klinik für Kinder‐und Jugendmedizin, Schwerpunkt Stammzelltransplantation Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | | | | | | | - Miguel A. Diaz
- Hospital Infantil Universitario "Niño Jesus" Madrid Spain
| | - Peter J. Shaw
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney Australia
| | | | - Franco Locatelli
- IRCSS OspedalePediatrico Bambino Gesù, SapienzaUniversity of Rome Rome Italy
| | | | - Maura Faraci
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation UnitIstituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy
| | - Filomena Pierri
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation UnitIstituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy
| | - Edoardo Lanino
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation UnitIstituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy
| | | | | | - Marie Robin
- French reference center for aplastic anemia and PNH;Saint‐Louis HospitalUniversité de Paris Paris France
| | - Carlo Dufour
- UOC EmatologiaIstituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy
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4
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Montanuy H, Camps-Fajol C, Carreras-Puigvert J, Häggblad M, Lundgren B, Aza-Carmona M, Helleday T, Minguillón J, Surrallés J. High content drug screening for Fanconi anemia therapeutics. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:170. [PMID: 32605631 PMCID: PMC7325660 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fanconi anemia is a rare disease clinically characterized by malformations, bone marrow failure and an increased risk of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. The only therapies available are hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for bone marrow failure or leukemia, and surgical resection for solid tumors. Therefore, there is still an urgent need for new therapeutic options. With this aim, we developed a novel high-content cell-based screening assay to identify drugs with therapeutic potential in FA. RESULTS A TALEN-mediated FANCA-deficient U2OS cell line was stably transfected with YFP-FANCD2 fusion protein. These cells were unable to form fluorescent foci or to monoubiquitinate endogenous or exogenous FANCD2 upon DNA damage and were more sensitive to mitomycin C when compared to the parental wild type counterpart. FANCA correction by retroviral infection restored the cell line's ability to form FANCD2 foci and ubiquitinate FANCD2. The feasibility of this cell-based system was interrogated in a high content screening of 3802 compounds, including a Prestwick library of 1200 FDA-approved drugs. The potential hits identified were then individually tested for their ability to rescue FANCD2 foci and monoubiquitination, and chromosomal stability in the absence of FANCA. CONCLUSIONS While, unfortunately, none of the compounds tested were able to restore cellular FANCA-deficiency, our study shows the potential capacity to screen large compound libraries in the context of Fanconi anemia therapeutics in an optimized and cost-effective platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Montanuy
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Camps-Fajol
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Join Research Unit on Genomic Medicine UAB-Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Carreras-Puigvert
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Join Research Unit on Genomic Medicine UAB-Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Häggblad
- Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Currently at Division of Genome Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Lundgren
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, SciLifelab, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, Sweden
| | - Miriam Aza-Carmona
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Skeletal dysplasia multidisciplinary Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jordi Minguillón
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades raras, Barcelona, Spain.,Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Surrallés
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Join Research Unit on Genomic Medicine UAB-Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades raras, Barcelona, Spain. .,Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Shabrish S, Kelkar M, Chavan N, Desai M, Bargir U, Gupta M, Mehta P, Chichra A, S C, Taur P, Saxena V, Vundinti BR, Madkaikar M. Natural Killer Cell Degranulation Defect: A Cause for Impaired NK-Cell Cytotoxicity and Hyperinflammation in Fanconi Anemia Patients. Front Immunol 2019; 10:490. [PMID: 30949167 PMCID: PMC6438155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited syndrome characterized by progressive bone marrow failure (BMF), abnormal skin pigmentation, short stature, and increased cancer risk. BMF in FA is multifactorial and largely results from the death of hematopoietic stem cells due to genomic instability. Also, inflammatory pathology in FA has been previously reported, however the mechanism is still not clear. In literature, decreased NK-cell count and/or impaired NK-cell activity, along with other immunological abnormalities have been described in FA-patients (1). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing a defective degranulation mechanism leading to abnormal NK-cell cytotoxicity in FA-patients, which may explain the development of a hyperinflammatory response in these patients. This may predispose some patients to develop Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) which manifests with prolonged fever, progressive cytopenias and organomegaly. Early diagnosis and initiation of immunosuppressive therapy in these patients will help to better manage these patients. We also propose FA genes to be listed as a cause of familial HLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Shabrish
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Madhura Kelkar
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Niranjan Chavan
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Mukesh Desai
- Division of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Umair Bargir
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Maya Gupta
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Chandrakala S
- Department of Haematology, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Prasad Taur
- Division of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Vinay Saxena
- National Institute of Virology, Mumbai Unit, Haffkine Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Babu Rao Vundinti
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Manisha Madkaikar
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Iummunohematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
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6
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Li X, Wilson AF, Du W, Pang Q. Cell-Cycle-Specific Function of p53 in Fanconi Anemia Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Proliferation. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:339-346. [PMID: 29307578 PMCID: PMC5830889 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overactive p53 has been proposed as an important pathophysiological factor for bone marrow failure syndromes, including Fanconi anemia (FA). Here, we report a p53-dependent effect on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferation in mice deficient for the FA gene Fanca. Deletion of p53 in Fanca-/- mice leads to replicative exhaustion of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) in transplant recipients. Using Fanca-/- HSCs expressing the separation-of-function mutant p53515C transgene, which selectively impairs the p53 function in apoptosis but keeps its cell-cycle checkpoint activities intact, we show that the p53 cell-cycle function is specifically required for the regulation of Fanca-/- HSC proliferation. Our results demonstrate that p53 plays a compensatory role in preventing FA HSCs from replicative exhaustion and suggest a cautious approach to manipulating p53 signaling as a therapeutic utility in FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew F Wilson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Qishen Pang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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7
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Abstract
Fanconi anemia is an inherited disease characterized by genomic instability, hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, bone marrow failure, short stature, skeletal abnormalities, and a high relative risk of myeloid leukemia and epithelial malignancies. The 21 Fanconi anemia genes encode proteins involved in multiple nuclear biochemical pathways that effect DNA interstrand crosslink repair. In the past, bone marrow failure was attributed solely to the failure of stem cells to repair DNA. Recently, non-canonical functions of many of the Fanconi anemia proteins have been described, including modulating responses to oxidative stress, viral infection, and inflammation as well as facilitating mitophagic responses and enhancing signals that promote stem cell function and survival. Some of these functions take place in non-nuclear sites and do not depend on the DNA damage response functions of the proteins. Dysfunctions of the canonical and non-canonical pathways that drive stem cell exhaustion and neoplastic clonal selection are reviewed, and the potential therapeutic importance of fully investigating the scope and interdependences of the canonical and non-canonical pathways is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grover Bagby
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Medical Genetics, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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8
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Kurre P. Hematopoietic development: a gap in our understanding of inherited bone marrow failure. Exp Hematol 2017; 59:1-8. [PMID: 29248612 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) represent a heterogeneous group of multisystem disorders that typically present with cytopenia in early childhood. Efforts to understand the underlying hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) losses have generally focused on postnatal hematopoiesis. However, reflecting the role of many of the involved genes in core cellular functions and the diverse nonhematologic abnormalities seen in patients at birth, studies have begun to explore IBMFS manifestations during fetal development. Here, I consider the current evidence for fetal deficits in the HSC pool and highlight emerging concepts regarding the origins and unique pathophysiology of hematopoietic failure in IBMFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kurre
- Department of Pediatrics, Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Pediatric Blood & Cancer Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
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9
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Zhang H, Caudle Y, Wheeler C, Zhou Y, Stuart C, Yao B, Yin D. TGF-β1/Smad2/3/Foxp3 signaling is required for chronic stress-induced immune suppression. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 314:30-41. [PMID: 29169800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Depending on the duration and severity, psychological tension and physical stress can enhance or suppress the immune system in both humans and animals. Although it has been established that chronic stress exerts a significant suppressive effect on immune function, the mechanisms by which affects immune responses remain elusive. By employing an in vivo murine system, we revealed that TGF-β1/Smad2/3/Foxp3 axis was remarkably activated following chronic stress. Furthermore, TLR9 and p38 MAPK played a critical role in the activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3/Foxp3 signaling cascade. Moreover, inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad2/3/Foxp3 or p38 significantly attenuated chronic stress-induced lymphocyte apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins, as well as the differentiation of T regulatory cells in spleen. Interestingly, disequilibrium of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines balance caused by chronic stress was also rescued by blocking TGF-β1/Smad2/3/Foxp3 axis. These findings yield insight into a novel mechanism by which chronic stress modulates immune functions and identifies new targets for the development of novel anti-immune suppressant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiju Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430063, China; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Yi Caudle
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Clay Wheeler
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Charles Stuart
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Baozhen Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Deling Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States.
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10
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Newell LF, Holtan SG, Yates JE, Pereira L, Tyner JW, Burd I, Bagby GC. PlGF enhances TLR-dependent inflammatory responses in human mononuclear phagocytes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28635072 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) peak during third trimester of pregnancy, a time when women are at increased risk of virus-induced morbidity. We hypothesized PlGF might contribute to an exaggerated inflammatory response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. METHOD OF STUDY Primary human adult and cord blood CD14+ cells were cultured in the presence of TLR ligands and/or PlGF. RESULTS PlGF significantly enhanced the magnitude and duration of TNF messenger RNA and protein production by TLR-7/8-activated monocytes, and increased subsequent production of TNF-independent inflammatory cytokines. This PlGF/TLR effect involved multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and was seen with the majority of TLR agonists. PlGF enhanced phosphorylation of IkappaB kinase (IKK) in monocytes stimulated with the TLR-7/8 agonist R848, and IKK inhibition completely suppressed the PlGF effect. CONCLUSION PlGF enhances TLR-signaling upstream of IKK and contributes to an exaggerated pathologic pro-inflammatory state in response to activation of maternal and fetal mononuclear phagocytes by specific TLR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura F Newell
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shernan G Holtan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jane E Yates
- Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Leonardo Pereira
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Cell, Development, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Irina Burd
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Grover C Bagby
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.,Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
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11
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Abstract
Fanconi Anaemia is a rare, genetic heterogeneous multisystem disease that is the most common congenital syndrome of marrow failure. Twenty genes have been reported to cause the disease. Remarkable progress has been made over the last 20 years in the understanding of the genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms. Unfortunately, these advances have not been completely paralleled by advances in medical treatment, where the most important component remains stem cell transplantation. This therapy, although contributing to long-term negative effects, such as increased occurrence of late malignancies, is the only current option capable of prolonging the survival of patients. In spite of relevant recent progress in matched unrelated donor transplants, the largest studies with longer follow-up still show a superiority of matched sibling donor transplants with a success rate, in selected cohorts, of over 90%. This article reviews different aspects of the disease, including genetics, diagnosis and treatment options, with special focus on stem cell transplantation, comprehensive post-diagnosis management, decision-making processes and long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Dufour
- Haematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Research Hospital, Genova, Italy.,Chairman Severe Aplastic Anemia Working Party, EBMT
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12
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Carey A, Edwards DK, Eide CA, Newell L, Traer E, Medeiros BC, Pollyea DA, Deininger MW, Collins RH, Tyner JW, Druker BJ, Bagby GC, McWeeney SK, Agarwal A. Identification of Interleukin-1 by Functional Screening as a Key Mediator of Cellular Expansion and Disease Progression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cell Rep 2017; 18:3204-3218. [PMID: 28355571 PMCID: PMC5437102 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted proteins in the bone marrow microenvironment play critical roles in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Through an ex vivo functional screen of 94 cytokines, we identified that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) elicited profound expansion of myeloid progenitors in ∼67% of AML patients while suppressing the growth of normal progenitors. Levels of IL-1β and IL-1 receptors were increased in AML patients, and silencing of the IL-1 receptor led to significant suppression of clonogenicity and in vivo disease progression. IL-1 promoted AML cell growth by enhancing p38MAPK phosphorylation and promoting secretion of various other growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Treatment with p38MAPK inhibitors reversed these effects and recovered normal CD34+ cells from IL-1-mediated growth suppression. These results highlight the importance of ex vivo functional screening to identify common and actionable extrinsic pathways in genetically heterogeneous malignancies and provide impetus for clinical development of IL-1/IL1R1/p38MAPK pathway-targeted therapies in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Carey
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - David K Edwards
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Laura Newell
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elie Traer
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Daniel A Pollyea
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Robert H Collins
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Grover C Bagby
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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13
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Yoon YM, Storm KJ, Kamimae-Lanning AN, Goloviznina NA, Kurre P. Endogenous DNA Damage Leads to p53-Independent Deficits in Replicative Fitness in Fetal Murine Fancd2 -/- Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:840-853. [PMID: 27720904 PMCID: PMC5106485 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our mechanistic understanding of Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway function in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) owes much to their role in experimentally induced DNA crosslink lesion repair. In bone marrow HSPCs, unresolved stress confers p53-dependent apoptosis and progressive cell attrition. The role of FA proteins during hematopoietic development, in the face of physiological replicative demand, remains elusive. Here, we reveal a fetal HSPC pool in Fancd2−/− mice with compromised clonogenicity and repopulation. Without experimental manipulation, fetal Fancd2−/− HSPCs spontaneously accumulate DNA strand breaks and RAD51 foci, associated with a broad transcriptional DNA-damage response, and constitutive activation of ATM as well as p38 stress kinase. Remarkably, the unresolved stress during rapid HSPC pool expansion does not trigger p53 activation and apoptosis; rather, it constrains proliferation. Collectively our studies point to a role for the FA pathway during hematopoietic development and provide a new model for studying the physiological function of FA proteins. Fancd2−/− fetal HSPCs show spontaneous deficits on replicative stress in development Fancd2−/− FL HSPCs show activated DNA-damage responses and strand-break accumulation Fancd2−/− FL deficits occur without apoptosis and independent of p53 activation MAPK (p38) inhibition rescues Fancd2−/− progenitor defects in vitro and in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Me Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Pediatric Cancer Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kelsie J Storm
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Pediatric Cancer Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ashley N Kamimae-Lanning
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Pediatric Cancer Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Natalya A Goloviznina
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Pediatric Cancer Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Peter Kurre
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Pediatric Cancer Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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14
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Sousa R, Gonçalves C, Guerra IC, Costa E, Fernandes A, do Bom Sucesso M, Azevedo J, Rodriguez A, Rius R, Seabra C, Ferreira F, Ribeiro L, Ferrão A, Castedo S, Cleto E, Coutinho J, Carvalho F, Barbot J, Porto B. Increased red cell distribution width in Fanconi anemia: a novel marker of stress erythropoiesis. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:102. [PMID: 27456001 PMCID: PMC4960735 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red cell distribution width (RDW), a classical parameter used in the differential diagnosis of anemia, has recently been recognized as a marker of chronic inflammation and high levels of oxidative stress (OS). Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder associated to redox imbalance and dysfunctional response to OS. Clinically, it is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, which remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. Macrocytosis and increased fetal hemoglobin, two indicators of bone marrow stress erythropoiesis, are generally the first hematological manifestations to appear in FA. However, the significance of RDW and its possible relation to stress erythropoiesis have never been explored in FA. In the present study we analyzed routine complete blood counts from 34 FA patients and evaluated RDW, correlating with the hematological parameters most consistently associated with the FA phenotype. RESULTS We showed, for the first time, that RDW is significantly increased in FA. We also showed that increased RDW is correlated with thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and, most importantly, highly correlated with anemia. Analyzing sequential hemograms from 3 FA patients with different clinical outcomes, during 10 years follow-up, we confirmed a consistent association between increased RDW and decreased hemoglobin, which supports the postulated importance of RDW in the evaluation of hematological disease progression. CONCLUSIONS This study shows, for the first time, that RDW is significantly increased in FA, and this increment is correlated with neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and highly correlated with anemia. According to the present results, it is suggested that increased RDW can be a novel marker of stress erythropoiesis in FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Sousa
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Abel Salazar Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS, UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Gonçalves
- Clinical Hematology Service, Hospital Center of Porto (CHP), Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Emília Costa
- Pediatric Hematology Unity, Hospital Center of Porto (CHP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unity, Hospital Center of S. João, Porto (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria do Bom Sucesso
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unity, Hospital Center of S. João, Porto (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Azevedo
- Hematology Service, Hospital and University Center of Coimbra (CHUC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Pediatrics, Ciudad de Mexico (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rocio Rius
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Pediatrics, Ciudad de Mexico (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Seabra
- Clinical Pathology Service, Infante D. Pedro Hospital, Aveiro (CHBV), Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fátima Ferreira
- Hematology Service, Hospital Center of S. João, Porto (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Letícia Ribeiro
- Hematology Service, Hospital and University Center of Coimbra (CHUC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Ferrão
- Pediatric Service, Hospital Center of Lisboa Norte (CHLN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Castedo
- Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Prof Doctor Sérgio Castedo, Porto (GDPN), Porto, Portugal
| | - Esmeralda Cleto
- Pediatric Hematology Unity, Hospital Center of Porto (CHP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Coutinho
- Clinical Hematology Service, Hospital Center of Porto (CHP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Barbot
- Pediatric Hematology Unity, Hospital Center of Porto (CHP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Porto
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Abel Salazar Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS, UP), Porto, Portugal
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15
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Amarachintha S, Sertorio M, Wilson A, Li X, Pang Q. Fanconi Anemia Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Glycerophospholipids Skew Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Through Toll-Like Receptor Signaling. Stem Cells 2015; 33:3382-96. [PMID: 26212365 PMCID: PMC4618082 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) patients develop bone marrow (BM) failure or leukemia. One standard care for these devastating complications is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We identified a group of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived metabolites, glycerophospholipids, and their endogenous inhibitor, 5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furoic acid (TOFA), as regulators of donor hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We provided two pieces of evidence that TOFA could improve hematopoiesis-supporting function of FA MSCs: (a) limiting-dilution cobblestone area-forming cell assay revealed that TOFA significantly increased cobblestone colonies in Fanca-/- or Fancd2-/- cocultures compared to untreated cocultures. (b) Competitive repopulating assay using output cells collected from cocultures showed that TOFA greatly alleviated the abnormal expansion of the donor myeloid (CD45.2+Gr1+Mac1+) compartment in both peripheral blood and BM of recipient mice transplanted with cells from Fanca-/- or Fancd2-/- cocultures. Furthermore, mechanistic studies identified Tlr4 signaling as the responsible pathway mediating the effect of glycerophospholipids. Thus, targeting glycerophospholipid biosynthesis in FA MSCs could be a therapeutic strategy to improve hematopoiesis and stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Amarachintha
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mathieu Sertorio
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Qishen Pang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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16
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Bartels M, Murphy K, Rieter E, Bruin M. Understanding chronic neutropenia: life is short. Br J Haematol 2015; 172:157-69. [PMID: 26456767 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic neutropenia are extensive, varying from haematopoietic stem cell disorders resulting in defective neutrophil production, to accelerated apoptosis of neutrophil progenitors or circulating mature neutrophils. While the knowledge concerning genetic defects associated with congenital neutropenia or bone marrow failure is increasing rapidly, the functional role and consequences of these genetic alterations is often not well understood. In addition, there is a large group of diseases, including primary immunodeficiencies and metabolic diseases, in which chronic neutropenia is one of the symptoms, while there is no clear bone marrow pathology or haematopoietic stem cell dysfunction. Altogether, these disease entities illustrate the complexity of normal neutrophil development, the functional role of the (bone marrow) microenvironment and the increased propensity to undergo apoptosis, which is typical for neutrophils. The large variety of disorders associated with chronic neutropenia makes classification almost impossible and possibly not desirable, based on the clinical phenotypes. However, a better understanding of the regulation of normal myeloid differentiation and neutrophil development is of great importance in the diagnostic evaluation of unexplained chronic neutropenia. In this review we propose insights in the pathophysiology of chronic neutropenia in the context of the functional role of key players during normal neutrophil development, neutrophil release and neutrophil survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Bartels
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kate Murphy
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ester Rieter
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marrie Bruin
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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17
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Garbati MR, Hays LE, Rathbun RK, Jillette N, Chin K, Al-Dhalimy M, Agarwal A, Newell AEH, Olson SB, Bagby GC. Cytokine overproduction and crosslinker hypersensitivity are unlinked in Fanconi anemia macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:455-65. [PMID: 26432900 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0515-201r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fanconi anemia proteins participate in a canonical pathway that repairs cross-linking agent-induced DNA damage. Cells with inactivated Fanconi anemia genes are universally hypersensitive to such agents. Fanconi anemia-deficient hematopoietic stem cells are also hypersensitive to inflammatory cytokines, and, as importantly, Fanconi anemia macrophages overproduce such cytokines in response to TLR4 and TLR7/8 agonists. We questioned whether TLR-induced DNA damage is the primary cause of aberrantly regulated cytokine production in Fanconi anemia macrophages by quantifying TLR agonist-induced TNF-α production, DNA strand breaks, crosslinker-induced chromosomal breakage, and Fanconi anemia core complex function in Fanconi anemia complementation group C-deficient human and murine macrophages. Although both M1 and M2 polarized Fanconi anemia cells were predictably hypersensitive to mitomycin C, only M1 macrophages overproduced TNF-α in response to TLR-activating signals. DNA damaging agents alone did not induce TNF-α production in the absence of TLR agonists in wild-type or Fanconi anemia macrophages, and mitomycin C did not enhance TLR responses in either normal or Fanconi anemia cells. TLR4 and TLR7/8 activation induced cytokine overproduction in Fanconi anemia macrophages. Also, although TLR4 activation was associated with induced double strand breaks, TLR7/8 activation was not. That DNA strand breaks and chromosome breaks are neither necessary nor sufficient to account for the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines by Fanconi anemia cells suggests that noncanonical anti-inflammatory functions of Fanconi anemia complementation group C contribute to the aberrant macrophage phenotype and suggests that suppression of macrophage/TLR hyperreactivity might prevent cytokine-induced stem cell attrition in Fanconi anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Garbati
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Laura E Hays
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - R Keaney Rathbun
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Nathaniel Jillette
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kathy Chin
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Muhsen Al-Dhalimy
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Amy E Hanlon Newell
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Susan B Olson
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Grover C Bagby
- *Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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18
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Toll-like receptor signaling in hematopoietic homeostasis and the pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. Front Med 2015; 9:288-303. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Ravera S, Capanni C, Tognotti D, Bottega R, Columbaro M, Dufour C, Cappelli E, Degan P. Inhibition of metalloproteinase activity in FANCA is linked to altered oxygen metabolism. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:603-9. [PMID: 25161103 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) failure, increased risk of myelodysplastic syndrome, acute leukaemia and solid tumors, endocrinopathies and congenital abnormalities are the major clinical problems in Fanconi anemia patients (FA). Chromosome instability and DNA repair defects are the cellular characteristics used for the clinical diagnosis. However, these biological defects are not sufficient to explain all the clinical phenotype of FA patients. The known defects are structural alteration in cell cytoskeleton, altered structural organization for intermediate filaments, nuclear lamina, and mitochondria. These are associated with different expression and/or maturation of the structural proteins vimentin, mitofilin, and lamin A/C suggesting the involvement of metalloproteinases (MPs). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are involved in normal physiological processes such as human skeletal tissue development, maturation, and hematopoietic reconstitution after bone marrow suppression. Current observations upon the eventual role of MPs in FA cells are largely inconclusive. We evaluated the overall MPs activity in FA complementation group A (FANCA) cells by exposing them to the antioxidants N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and resveratrol (RV). This work supports the hypothesis that treatment of Fanconi patients with antioxidants may be important in FA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- DIFAR-Biochemistry Lab., Department of Pharmacology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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20
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Svahn J, Lanza T, Rathbun K, Bagby G, Ravera S, Corsolini F, Pistorio A, Longoni D, Farruggia P, Dufour C, Cappelli E. p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition enhances in vitro erythropoiesis of Fanconi anemia, complementation group A-deficient bone marrow cells. Exp Hematol 2014; 43:295-9. [PMID: 25534205 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow failure in Fanconi anemia (FA) has been linked in part to overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, to which FA stem and progenitor cells are hypersensitive. In cell lines and murine models p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) overexpression can be induced by the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 4 and 7/8 ligands Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and R848. Ex vivo exposure of FA stem cells to TNF-α suppresses their replication and selects preleukemic clones. Here we show that inhibition of p38 MAPK also reduces TLR4 and 7/8-mediated TNF-α production in primary human FA complementation group A (FANCA)-deficient monocytes from nine patients and demonstrate that, while p38 MAPK inhibition also enhances clonal growth of FANCA-deficient erythroid progenitors, the effect was mediated indirectly by the influence of the inhibitor on auxiliary cells, not erythroid colony-forming units themselves. Taken together, these results support the view that inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway in monocytes may improve hematopoiesis in FANCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Svahn
- Hematology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lanza
- Hematology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Keaney Rathbun
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Grover Bagby
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Silvia Ravera
- DIFAR-Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- Laboratorio Diagnosi Pre e Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Pistorio
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Piero Farruggia
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Ospedali Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- Hematology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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21
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Liu GH, Suzuki K, Li M, Qu J, Montserrat N, Tarantino C, Gu Y, Yi F, Xu X, Zhang W, Ruiz S, Plongthongkum N, Zhang K, Masuda S, Nivet E, Tsunekawa Y, Soligalla RD, Goebl A, Aizawa E, Kim NY, Kim J, Dubova I, Li Y, Ren R, Benner C, Del Sol A, Bueren J, Trujillo JP, Surralles J, Cappelli E, Dufour C, Esteban CR, Belmonte JCI. Modelling Fanconi anemia pathogenesis and therapeutics using integration-free patient-derived iPSCs. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4330. [PMID: 24999918 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a recessive disorder characterized by genomic instability, congenital abnormalities, cancer predisposition and bone marrow (BM) failure. However, the pathogenesis of FA is not fully understood partly due to the limitations of current disease models. Here, we derive integration free-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from an FA patient without genetic complementation and report in situ gene correction in FA-iPSCs as well as the generation of isogenic FANCA-deficient human embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines. FA cellular phenotypes are recapitulated in iPSCs/ESCs and their adult stem/progenitor cell derivatives. By using isogenic pathogenic mutation-free controls as well as cellular and genomic tools, our model serves to facilitate the discovery of novel disease features. We validate our model as a drug-screening platform by identifying several compounds that improve hematopoietic differentiation of FA-iPSCs. These compounds are also able to rescue the hematopoietic phenotype of FA patient BM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jing Qu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Tarantino
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ying Gu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Fei Yi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Xiuling Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sergio Ruiz
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Nongluk Plongthongkum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Shigeo Masuda
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Yuji Tsunekawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Rupa Devi Soligalla
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - April Goebl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Na Young Kim
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jessica Kim
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Ilir Dubova
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Ying Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruotong Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chris Benner
- Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Juan Bueren
- Hematopoiesis and Gene Therapy Division. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid 28040, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Trujillo
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra s/n 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Surralles
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra s/n 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova Quarto, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova Quarto, Italy
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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22
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Abstract
The inherited bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes are a rare and diverse group of genetic disorders that ultimately result in the loss of blood production. The molecular defects underlying many of these conditions have been elucidated, and great progress has been made toward understanding the normal function of these gene products. This review will focus on perhaps the most well-known and genetically heterogeneous BMF syndrome: Fanconi anemia. More specifically, this account will review the current state of our knowledge on why the bone marrow fails in this illness and what this might tell us about the maintenance of bone marrow function and hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Garaycoechea
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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23
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Raghavendra PB, Lee E, Parameswaran N. Regulation of macrophage biology by lithium: a new look at an old drug. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2013; 9:277-84. [PMID: 24277481 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-013-9516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) continues to be a standard small compound used for the treatment of neurological disorders. Besides neuronal cells, Li is also known to affect immune cell function. In spite of its clinical use, potential mechanisms by which Li modulates immune cells, especially macrophages and its clinical relevance in bipolar patients are not well understood. Here, we provide an overview of the literature with regard to Li's effects on monocytes and macrophages. We have also included some of our results showing that Li differentially modulates chemokine gene expression in the absence and presence of Toll-like receptor-4 stimulation in a human macrophage model. Given that Li has a wide range of intracellular targets both in macrophages as well as in other cell types, more studies are needed to further understand the mechanistic basis of Li's effect in neurological and other inflammatory diseases. These studies could undoubtedly identify new therapeutic targets for treating such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongali B Raghavendra
- Department of Physiology and Division of Human Pathology, Michigan State University, 2201 Biomedical Physical Sciences building, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
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24
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Ye F, Yuan F, Li X, Cooper N, Tinney JP, Keller BB. Gene expression profiles in engineered cardiac tissues respond to mechanical loading and inhibition of tyrosine kinases. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00078. [PMID: 24303162 PMCID: PMC3841024 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) are platforms to investigate cardiomyocyte maturation and functional integration, the feasibility of generating tissues for cardiac repair, and as models for pharmacology and toxicology bioassays. ECTs rapidly mature in vitro to acquire the features of functional cardiac muscle and respond to mechanical load with increased proliferation and maturation. ECTs are now being investigated as platforms for in vitro models for human diseases and for pharmacologic screening for drug toxicities. We tested the hypothesis that global ECT gene expression patterns are complex and sensitive to mechanical loading and tyrosine kinase inhibitors similar to the maturing myocardium. We generated ECTs from day 14.5 rat embryo ventricular cells, as previously published, and then conditioned constructs after 5 days in culture for 48 h with mechanical stretch (5%, 0.5 Hz) and/or the p38 MAPK (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor BIRB796. RNA was isolated from individual ECTs and assayed using a standard Agilent rat 4 × 44k V3 microarray and Pathway Analysis software for transcript expression fold changes and changes in regulatory molecules and networks. Changes in expression were confirmed by quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) for selected regulatory molecules. At the threshold of a 1.5-fold change in expression, stretch altered 1559 transcripts, versus 1411 for BIRB796, and 1846 for stretch plus BIRB796. As anticipated, top pathways altered in response to these stimuli include cellular development, cellular growth and proliferation; tissue development; cell death, cell signaling, and small molecule biochemistry as well as numerous other pathways. Thus, ECTs display a broad spectrum of altered gene expression in response to mechanical load and/or tyrosine kinase inhibition, reflecting a complex regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and architectural alignment of cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes within ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky ; Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College Guiyang, China
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25
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Matsui K, Giri N, Alter BP, Pinto LA. Cytokine production by bone marrow mononuclear cells in inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. Br J Haematol 2013; 163:81-92. [PMID: 23889587 PMCID: PMC3930339 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA), dyskeratosis congenita (DC), Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA), and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) are characterized by the progressive development of bone marrow failure. Overproduction of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from activated bone marrow T-cells has been proposed as a mechanism of FA-related aplasia. Whether such overproduction occurs in the other syndromes is unknown. We conducted a comparative study on bone marrow mononuclear cells to examine the cellular subset composition and cytokine production. We found lower proportions of haematopoietic stem cells in FA, DC, and SDS, and a lower proportion of monocytes in FA, DC, and DBA compared with controls. The T- and B-lymphocyte proportions were similar to controls, except for low B-cells in DC. We did not observe overproduction of TNF-α or IFN-γ by T-cells in any patients. Induction levels of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in monocytes stimulated with high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were similar at 4 h but lower at 24 h when compared to controls. Unexpectedly, patient samples showed a trend toward higher cytokine level in response to low-dose (0·001 μg/ml) LPS. Increased sensitivity to LPS may have clinical implications and could contribute to the development of pancytopenia by creating a chronic subclinical inflammatory micro-environment in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Matsui
- Human Papillomavirus Immunology Laboratory, Science Applications
International Corporation (SAIC)-Frederick, Incorporated, Frederick National
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Neelam Giri
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics Clinical Genetics
Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,
20892, United States
| | - Blanche P. Alter
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics Clinical Genetics
Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,
20892, United States
| | - Ligia A. Pinto
- Human Papillomavirus Immunology Laboratory, Science Applications
International Corporation (SAIC)-Frederick, Incorporated, Frederick National
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
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26
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Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with inactivated Fanconi anemia (FA) genes, FANCA and FANCC, are hypersensitive to inflammatory cytokines. One of these, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), is also overproduced by FA mononuclear phagocytes in response to certain Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, creating an autoinhibitory loop that may contribute to the pathogenesis of progressive bone marrow (BM) failure and selection of TNF-α-resistant leukemic stem cell clones. In macrophages, the TNF-α overproduction phenotype depends on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), an enzyme also known to induce expression of other inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Reasoning that IL-1β might be involved in a like autoinhibitory loop, we determined that (1) TLR activation of FANCA- and FANCC-deficient macrophages induced overproduction of both TNF-α and IL-1β in a p38-dependent manner; (2) exposure of Fancc-deficient BM progenitors to IL-1β potently suppressed the expansion of multipotent progenitor cells in vitro; and (3) although TNF-α overexpression in FA cells is controlled posttranscriptionally by the p38 substrate MAPKAPK-2, p38-dependent overproduction of IL-1β is controlled transcriptionally. We suggest that multiple inflammatory cytokines overproduced by FANCA- and FANCC-deficient mononuclear phagocytes may contribute to the progressive BM failure that characterizes FA, and that to achieve suppression of this proinflammatory state, p38 is a more promising molecular therapeutic target than either IL-1β or TNF-α alone.
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27
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Wei Y, Dimicoli S, Bueso-Ramos C, Chen R, Yang H, Neuberg D, Pierce S, Jia Y, Zheng H, Wang H, Wang X, Nguyen M, Wang SA, Ebert B, Bejar R, Levine R, Abdel-Wahab O, Kleppe M, Ganan-Gomez I, Kantarjian H, Garcia-Manero G. Toll-like receptor alterations in myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia 2013; 27:1832-40. [PMID: 23765228 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated the innate immunity system in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes encode key innate immunity signal initiators. We recently identified multiple genes, known to be regulated by TLRs, to be overexpressed in MDS bone marrow (BM) CD34+ cells, and hypothesized that TLR signaling is abnormally activated in MDS. We analyzed a large cohort of MDS cases and identified TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6 to be significantly overexpressed in MDS BM CD34+ cells. Deep sequencing followed by Sanger resequencing of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 genes uncovered a recurrent genetic variant, TLR2-F217S, in 11% of 149 patients. Functionally, TLR2-F217S results in enhanced activation of downstream signaling including NF-κB activity after TLR2 agonist treatment. In cultured primary BM CD34+ cells of normal donors, TLR2 agonists induced histone demethylase JMJD3 and interleukin-8 gene expression. Inhibition of TLR2 in BM CD34+ cells from patients with lower-risk MDS using short hairpin RNA resulted in increased erythroid colony formation. Finally, RNA expression levels of TLR2 and TLR6, as well as presence of TLR2-F217S, are associated with distinct prognosis and clinical characteristics. These findings indicate that TLR2-centered signaling is deregulated in MDS, and that its targeting may have potential therapeutic benefit in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wei
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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28
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Korthof ET, Svahn J, de Latour RP, Terranova P, Moins-Teisserenc H, Socié G, Soulier J, Kok M, Bredius RG, van Tol M, Jol-van der Zijde EC, Pistorio A, Corsolini F, Parodi A, Battaglia F, Pistoia V, Dufour C, Cappelli E. Immunological profile of Fanconi anemia: a multicentric retrospective analysis of 61 patients. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:472-6. [PMID: 23483621 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the immunological status of 61 patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) with advanced marrow failure before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was analyzed by assessing the phenotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, and inflammatory cytokines. In patients with FA, total absolute lymphocytes (P < 0.0001), B cells (P < 0.0001), and NK cells (P = 0.003) were reduced when compared with normal controls. T cells (CD3), that is, cytotoxic T cells, naïve T cells, and regulatory T cells, showed a relative increase when compared with controls. Serum levels of IgG (P < 0.0001) and IgM (P = 0.004) were significantly lower, whereas IgA level was higher (P < 0.0001) than in normal controls. TGF-β (P = 0.007) and interleukin (IL)-6 (P = 0.0007) levels were increased in the serum of patients when compared with controls, whereas sCD40L level decreases (P < 0.0001). No differences were noted in the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, and IL-23 between FA subjects and controls. This comprehensive immunological study shows that patients with FA with advanced marrow failure have an altered immune status. This is in accordance with some characteristics of FA such as the proinflammatory and proapoptotic status. In addition, B lymphocyte failure may make tight and early immunological monitoring advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth T. Korthof
- Department of Pediatrics/Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden; The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Svahn
- Experimental and Clinical Haematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
| | | | - Paola Terranova
- Experimental and Clinical Haematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
| | | | | | - Jean Soulier
- Hematology and Fanconi Anemia Unit, Hospital St. Louis; Paris; France
| | - Marleen Kok
- Department of Pediatrics/Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden; The Netherlands
| | - Robbert G.M. Bredius
- Department of Pediatrics/Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden; The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics/Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden; The Netherlands
| | - Els C.M. Jol-van der Zijde
- Department of Pediatrics/Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden; The Netherlands
| | - Angela Pistorio
- Servizio Epidemiologia Clinica e Biostatistica, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- Laboratorio Diagnosi Pre e Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche; G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
| | - Alessia Parodi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova; Genova; Italy
| | - Florinda Battaglia
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova; Genova; Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Oncology Laboratory; G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- Experimental and Clinical Haematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- Experimental and Clinical Haematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital; Genova; Italy
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29
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