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Xu Y, Benedikt J, Ye L. Hyaluronic Acid Interacting Molecules Mediated Crosstalk between Cancer Cells and Microenvironment from Primary Tumour to Distant Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1907. [PMID: 38791985 PMCID: PMC11119954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a prominent component of the extracellular matrix, and its interactions with HA-interacting molecules (HAIMs) play a critical role in cancer development and disease progression. This review explores the multifaceted role of HAIMs in the context of cancer, focusing on their influence on disease progression by dissecting relevant cellular and molecular mechanisms in tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. Cancer progression can be profoundly affected by the interactions between HA and HAIMs. They modulate critical processes such as cell adhesion, migration, invasion, and proliferation. The TME serves as a dynamic platform in which HAIMs contribute to the formation of a unique niche. The resulting changes in HA composition profoundly influence the biophysical properties of the TME. These modifications in the TME, in conjunction with HAIMs, impact angiogenesis, immune cell recruitment, and immune evasion. Therefore, understanding the intricate interplay between HAIMs and HA within the cancer context is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting these interactions offers promising avenues for cancer treatment, as they hold the potential to disrupt critical aspects of disease progression and the TME. Further research in this field is imperative for advancing our knowledge and the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK;
| | | | - Lin Ye
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
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2
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Steffens RC, Folda P, Fendler NL, Höhn M, Bücher-Schossau K, Kempter S, Snyder NL, Hartmann L, Wagner E, Berger S. GalNAc- or Mannose-PEG-Functionalized Polyplexes Enable Effective Lectin-Mediated DNA Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:351-370. [PMID: 38440876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A cationic, dendrimer-like oligo(aminoamide) carrier with four-arm topology based on succinoyl tetraethylene pentamine and histidines, cysteines, and N-terminal azido-lysines was screened for plasmid DNA delivery on various cell lines. The incorporated azides allow modification with various shielding agents of different polyethylene glycol (PEG) lengths and/or different ligands by copper-free click reaction, either before or after polyplex formation. Prefunctionalization was found to be advantageous over postfunctionalization in terms of nanoparticle formation, stability, and efficacy. A length of 24 ethylene oxide repetition units and prefunctionalization of ≥50% of azides per carrier promoted optimal polyplex shielding. PEG shielding resulted in drastically reduced DNA transfer, which could be successfully restored by active lectin targeting via novel GalNAc or mannose ligands, enabling enhanced receptor-mediated endocytosis of the carrier system. The involvement of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in the uptake of GalNAc-functionalized polyplexes was confirmed in the ASGPR-positive hepatocarcinoma cell lines HepG2 and Huh7. Mannose-modified polyplexes showed superior cellular uptake and transfection efficacy compared to unmodified and shielded polyplexes in mannose-receptor-expressing dendritic cell-like DC2.4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda C Steffens
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Folda
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nikole L Fendler
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Bücher-Schossau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Kempter
- Faculty of Physics, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
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3
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Everest‐Dass A, Nersisyan S, Maar H, Novosad V, Schröder‐Schwarz J, Freytag V, Stuke JL, Beine MC, Schiecke A, Haider M, Kriegs M, Elakad O, Bohnenberger H, Conradi L, Raygorodskaya M, Krause L, von Itzstein M, Tonevitsky A, Schumacher U, Maltseva D, Wicklein D, Lange T. Spontaneous metastasis xenograft models link CD44 isoform 4 to angiogenesis, hypoxia, EMT and mitochondria-related pathways in colorectal cancer. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:62-90. [PMID: 37849446 PMCID: PMC10766209 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematogenous metastasis limits the survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we illuminated the roles of CD44 isoforms in this process. Isoforms 3 and 4 were predominantly expressed in CRC patients. CD44 isoform 4 indicated poor outcome and correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in patients; opposite associations were found for isoform 3. Pan-CD44 knockdown (kd) independently impaired primary tumor formation and abrogated distant metastasis in CRC xenografts. The xenograft tumors mainly expressed the clinically relevant CD44 isoforms 3 and 4. Both isoforms were enhanced in the paranecrotic, hypoxic tumor regions but were generally absent in lung metastases. Upon CD44 kd, tumor angiogenesis was increased in the paranecrotic areas, accompanied by reduced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and CEACAM5 but increased E-cadherin expression. Mitochondrial genes and proteins were induced upon pan-CD44 kd, as were OxPhos genes. Hypoxia increased VEGF release from tumor spheres, particularly upon CD44 kd. Genes affected upon CD44 kd in xenografts specifically overlapped concordantly with genes correlating with CD44 isoform 4 (but not isoform 3) in patients, validating the clinical relevance of the used model and highlighting the metastasis-promoting role of CD44 isoform 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Everest‐Dass
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast CampusAustralia
| | - Stepan Nersisyan
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Institute of Molecular BiologyThe National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of ArmeniaYerevanArmenia
- Armenian Bioinformatics Institute (ABI)YerevanArmenia
- Present address:
Computational Medicine CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Hanna Maar
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Victor Novosad
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | | | - Vera Freytag
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Johanna L. Stuke
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Mia C. Beine
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Alina Schiecke
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Marie‐Therese Haider
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Malte Kriegs
- Department of Radiobiology and Radiation OncologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Omar Elakad
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Lena‐Christin Conradi
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Linda Krause
- Institute of Medical Biometry and EpidemiologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast CampusAustralia
| | - Alexander Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
- Art Photonics GmbHBerlinGermany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Medical School BerlinGermany
| | - Diana Maltseva
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Daniel Wicklein
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyUniversity of MarburgGermany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Institute of Anatomy IJena University HospitalGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG)Jena and LeipzigGermany
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4
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van Loon K, van Breest Smallenburg ME, Huijbers EJM, Griffioen AW, van Beijnum JR. Extracellular vimentin as a versatile immune suppressive protein in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188985. [PMID: 37717859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The interest in finding new targets in the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer therapy has increased rapidly over the years. More specifically, the tumor-associated blood vessels are a promising target. We recently found that the intermediate filament protein vimentin is externalized by endothelial cells of the tumor vasculature. Extracellular vimentin was shown to sustain angiogenesis by mimicking VEGF and supporting cell migration, as well as endothelial cell anergy, the unresponsiveness of the endothelium to proinflammatory cytokines. The latter hampers immune cell infiltration and subsequently provides escape from tumor immunity. Other studies showed that extracellular vimentin plays a role in sustained systemic and local inflammation. Here we will review the reported roles of extracellular vimentin with a particular emphasis on its involvement in the interactions between immune cells and the endothelium in the tumor microenvironment. To this end, we discuss the different ways by which extracellular vimentin modulates the immune system. Moreover, we review how this protein can alter immune cell-vessel wall adhesion by altering the expression of adhesion proteins, attenuating immune cell infiltration into the tumor parenchyma. Finally, we discuss how vimentin-targeting therapy can reverse endothelial cell anergy and promote immune infiltration, supporting anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn van Loon
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mathilda E van Breest Smallenburg
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth J M Huijbers
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CimCure BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CimCure BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Judy R van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CimCure BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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5
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Hatlen RR, Rajagopalan P. Investigating Trans-differentiation of Glioblastoma Cells in an In Vitro 3D Model of the Perivascular Niche. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37129167 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest form of brain cancer, responsible for over 50% of adult brain tumors. A specific region within the GBM environment is known as the perivascular niche (PVN). This area is defined as within approximately 100 μm of vasculature and plays an important role in the interactions between endothelial cells (ECs), astrocytes, GBM cells, and stem cells. We have designed a 3D in vitro model of the PVN comprising either collagen Type 1 or HyStem-C, human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs), and LN229 (GBM) cells. HUVECs were encapsulated within the hydrogels to form vascular networks. After 7 days, LN229 cells were co-cultured to investigate changes in both cell types. Over a 14 day culture period, we measured alterations in HUVEC networks, the contraction of the hydrogels, trans-differentiation of LN229 cells, and the concentrations of two chemokines; CXCL12 and TGF-β. Increased cellular proliferation ranging from 10- to 16-fold was exhibited in co-cultures from days 8 to 14. This was accompanied with a decrease in the height of hydrogels of up to 68%. These changes in the biomaterial scaffold indicate that LN229-HUVEC interactions promote changes to the matrix. TGF-β and CXCL12 secretion increased approximately 2-2.6-fold each from day 8 to 14 in all co-cultures. The expression of CXCL12 correlated with cell colocalization, indicating a chemotactic role in enabling the migration of LN229 cells toward HUVECs in co-cultures. von Willebrand factor (vWF) was co-expressed with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in up to 15% of LN229 cells after 24 h in co-culture. Additionally, when LN229 cells were co-cultured with human brain microvascular ECs, the percentages of GFAP+/vWF+ cells were up to 20% higher than that in co-cultures with HUVECs in collagen (2.2 mg/mL) and HyStem-C gels on day 14. The expression of vWF indicates the early stages of trans-differentiation of LN229 cells to an EC phenotype. Designing in vitro models of trans-differentiation may provide additional insights into how vasculature and cellular phenotypes are altered in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn R Hatlen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Padmavathy Rajagopalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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6
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Chen Y, Huang Y, Li Q, Luo Z, Zhang Z, Huang H, Sun J, Zhang L, Sun R, Bain DJ, Conway JF, Lu B, Li S. Targeting Xkr8 via nanoparticle-mediated in situ co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapy drugs for cancer immunochemotherapy. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:193-204. [PMID: 36424448 PMCID: PMC9974593 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Activation of scramblases is one of the mechanisms that regulates the exposure of phosphatidylserine to the cell surface, a process that plays an important role in tumour immunosuppression. Here we show that chemotherapeutic agents induce overexpression of Xkr8, a scramblase activated during apoptosis, at the transcriptional level in cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Based on this finding, we developed a nanocarrier for co-delivery of Xkr8 short interfering RNA and the FuOXP prodrug to tumours. Intravenous injection of our nanocarrier led to significant inhibition of tumour growth in colon and pancreatic cancer models along with increased antitumour immune response. Targeting Xkr8 in combination with chemotherapy may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of various types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuang Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yixian Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qinzhe Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ziqian Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haozhe Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - LinXinTian Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Runzi Sun
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Bain
- Department of Geology and Environmental Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James F Conway
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Binfeng Lu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA.
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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7
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Karalis T, Skandalis SS. Hyaluronan network: a driving force in cancer progression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C145-C158. [PMID: 35649255 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00139.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is one of the most abundant macromolecules of the extracellular matrix and regulates several physiological cell and tissue properties. However, hyaluronan has been shown to accumulate together with its receptors in various cancers. In tumors, accumulation of hyaluronan system components (hyaluronan synthesizing/degrading enzymes and interacting proteins) associates with poor outcomes of the patients. In this article, we review the main roles of hyaluronan in normal physiology and cancer, and further discuss the targeting of hyaluronan system as an applicable therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Karalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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8
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Extracellular vimentin mimics VEGF and is a target for anti-angiogenic immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2842. [PMID: 35606362 PMCID: PMC9126915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic cancer therapies possess immune-stimulatory properties by counteracting pro-angiogenic molecular mechanisms. We report that tumor endothelial cells ubiquitously overexpress and secrete the intermediate filament protein vimentin through type III unconventional secretion mechanisms. Extracellular vimentin is pro-angiogenic and functionally mimics VEGF action, while concomitantly acting as inhibitor of leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Antibody targeting of extracellular vimentin shows inhibition of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Effective and safe inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth in several preclinical and clinical studies is demonstrated using a vaccination strategy against extracellular vimentin. Targeting vimentin induces a pro-inflammatory condition in the tumor, exemplified by induction of the endothelial adhesion molecule ICAM1, suppression of PD-L1, and altered immune cell profiles. Our findings show that extracellular vimentin contributes to immune suppression and functions as a vascular immune checkpoint molecule. Targeting of extracellular vimentin presents therefore an anti-angiogenic immunotherapy strategy against cancer. The pro-tumorigenic effects of vimentin have been attributed to intracellular functions in tumour cells so far. Here, the authors show that tumour endothelial cells can secrete vimentin as a pro-angiogenic factor and that targeting of vimentin can be used as an immunotherapeutic strategy.
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9
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Vetter VC, Wagner E. Targeting nucleic acid-based therapeutics to tumors: Challenges and strategies for polyplexes. J Control Release 2022; 346:110-135. [PMID: 35436520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current medical reality of cancer gene therapy is reflected by more than ten approved products on the global market, including oncolytic and other viral vectors and CAR T-cells as ex vivo gene-modified cell therapeutics. The development of synthetic antitumoral nucleic acid therapeutics has been proceeding at a lower but steady pace, fueled by a plethora of alternative nucleic acid platforms (from various antisense oligonucleotides, siRNA, microRNA, lncRNA, sgRNA, to larger mRNA and DNA) and several classes of physical and chemical delivery technologies. This review summarizes the challenges and strategies for tumor-targeted nucleic acid delivery. Focusing primarily on polyplexes (polycation complexes) as nanocarriers, delivery options across multiple barriers into tumor cells are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C Vetter
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany; Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany.
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10
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Galectins in Endothelial Cell Biology and Angiogenesis: The Basics. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091386. [PMID: 34572599 PMCID: PMC8464943 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels out of existing vessels, is a complex and tightly regulated process. It is executed by the cells that cover the inner surface of the vasculature, i.e., the endothelial cells. During angiogenesis, these cells adopt different phenotypes, which allows them to proliferate and migrate, and to form tube-like structures that eventually result in the generation of a functional neovasculature. Multiple internal and external cues control these processes and the galectin protein family was found to be indispensable for proper execution of angiogenesis. Over the last three decades, several members of this glycan-binding protein family have been linked to endothelial cell functioning and to different steps of the angiogenesis cascade. This review provides a basic overview of our current knowledge regarding galectins in angiogenesis. It covers the main findings with regard to the endothelial expression of galectins and highlights their role in endothelial cell function and biology.
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11
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Al-Dossary AA, Tawfik EA, Isichei AC, Sun X, Li J, Alshehri AA, Alomari M, Almughem FA, Aldossary AM, Sabit H, Almalik AM. Engineered EV-Mimetic Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Delivery Vehicles for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123075. [PMID: 34203051 PMCID: PMC8234974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, we begin with the role of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Then, we narrow our focus on the advantages of using EV-mimetic nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for RNAi therapy and other chemotherapeutics. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges of the clinical translation of engineering EV mimetic drug delivery systems and the promising directions of further development. Abstract High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy among women. Several obstacles impede the early diagnosis and effective treatment options for ovarian cancer (OC) patients, which most importantly include the development of platinum-drug-resistant strains. Currently, extensive efforts are being put into the development of strategies capable of effectively circumventing the physical and biological barriers present in the peritoneal cavity of metastatic OC patients, representing a late stage of gastrointestinal and gynecological cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. Naturally occurring extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to play a pivotal role in progression of OC and are now being harnessed as a delivery vehicle for cancer chemotherapeutics. However, there are limitations to their clinical application due to current challenges in their preparation techniques. Intriguingly, there is a recent drive towards the use of engineered synthetic EVs for the delivery of chemotherapeutics and RNA interference therapy (RNAi), as they show the promise of overcoming the obstacles in the treatment of OC patients. This review discusses the therapeutic application of EVs in OC and elucidates the potential use of engineered EV-mimetic nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for RNAi therapy and other chemotherapeutics, which would potentially improve clinical outcomes of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A. Al-Dossary
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-333-31137
| | - Essam A. Tawfik
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Adaugo C. Isichei
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiahe Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alshehri
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Munther Alomari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Almughem
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Ahmad M. Aldossary
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hussein Sabit
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulaziz M. Almalik
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
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12
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Luo J, Schmaus J, Cui M, Hörterer E, Wilk U, Höhn M, Däther M, Berger S, Benli-Hoppe T, Peng L, Wagner E. Hyaluronate siRNA nanoparticles with positive charge display rapid attachment to tumor endothelium and penetration into tumors. J Control Release 2020; 329:919-933. [PMID: 33069742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A cationizable sequence-defined lipo-oligoaminoamide (lipo-OAA) conferring stable assembly of siRNA into ~200 nm sized complexes contains an N-terminal azidolysine for covalent coating of formed nanoparticles with dibenzocyclooctyne-amine (DBCO)-modified hyaluronic acid (HA). Depending on the applied equivalents of DBCO-HA, stable nanoparticles with either cationic or anionic surface charge can be formed. The unmodified and two types of covalent HA-modified siRNA nanoparticles differ in their biological characteristics. Both types of HA coated siRNA complexes show an enhanced cellular uptake over uncoated complexes and facilitate efficient gene silencing, but differ in intracellular uptake pathways and distribution. Upon intravenous administration in mice, beyond our expectation and in contrast to the in vitro findings, only the cationic HA nanoparticles but neither the non-coated cationic nor the anionic HA complexes were able to target subcutaneous Huh 7 tumors and exert potent (78%) gene silencing. The favorable and very fast accumulation of cationic HA nanoparticles was confirmed in another subcutaneous tumor model. As evidenced by 3D nanoparticle distribution within Huh 7 tumors evaluated at early time points of 5 min and 45 min, only the cationic HA-based nanoparticles rapidly attach to the tumor endothelium and subsequently penetrate into tumor, in contrast to the analogous anionic HA coated or the cationic non-coated formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmaus
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Mochen Cui
- Faculty of Medicine, Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Elisa Hörterer
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wilk
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Maike Däther
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Teoman Benli-Hoppe
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Lun Peng
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany.
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13
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Chen L, Fu C, Zhang Q, He C, Zhang F, Wei Q. The role of CD44 in pathological angiogenesis. FASEB J 2020; 34:13125-13139. [PMID: 32830349 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000380rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required for normal development and occurs as a pathological step in a variety of disease settings, such as cancer, ocular diseases, and ischemia. Recent studies have revealed the role of CD44, a widely expressed cell surface adhesion molecule, in promoting pathological angiogenesis and the development of its associated diseases through its regulation of diverse function of endothelial cells, such as proliferation, migration, adhesion, invasion, and communication with the microenvironment. Conversely, the absence of CD44 expression or inhibition of its function impairs pathological angiogenesis and disease progression. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the roles of CD44 in pathological angiogenesis and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chenying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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14
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Isoform-specific promotion of breast cancer tumorigenicity by TBX3 involves induction of angiogenesis. J Transl Med 2020; 100:400-413. [PMID: 31570773 PMCID: PMC7044113 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TBX3 is a member of the highly conserved family of T-box transcription factors involved in embryogenesis, organogenesis and tumor progression. While the functional role of TBX3 in tumorigenesis has been widely studied, less is known about the specific functions of the different isoforms (TBX3iso1 and TBX3iso2) which differ in their DNA-binding domain. We therefore sought to investigate the functional consequence of this highly conserved splice event as it relates to TBX3-induced tumorigenesis. By utilizing a nude mouse xenograft model, we have identified differential tumorigenic potential between TBX3 isoforms, with TBX3iso1 overexpression more commonly associated with invasive carcinoma and high tumor vascularity. Transcriptional analysis of signaling pathways altered by TBX3iso1 and TBX3iso2 overexpression revealed significant differences in angiogenesis-related genes. Importantly, osteopontin (OPN), a cancer-associated secreted phosphoprotein, was significantly up-regulated with TBX3iso1 (but not TBX3iso2) overexpression. This pattern was observed across three non/weakly-tumorigenic breast cancer cell lines (21PT, 21NT, and MCF7). Up-regulation of OPN in TBX3iso1 overexpressing cells was associated with induction of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) expression and increased retention of hyaluronan in pericellular matrices. These transcriptional changes were accompanied by the ability to induce endothelial cell vascular channel formation by conditioned media in vitro, which could be inhibited through addition of an OPN neutralizing antibody. Within the TCGA breast cancer cohort, we identified an 8.1-fold higher TBX3iso1 to TBX3iso2 transcript ratio in tumors relative to control, and this ratio was positively associated with high-tumor grade and an aggressive molecular subtype. Collectively, the described changes involving TBX3iso1-dependent promotion of angiogenesis may thus serve as an adaptive mechanism within breast cancer cells, potentially explaining differences in tumor formation rates between TBX3 isoforms in vivo. This study is the first of its kind to report significant functional differences between the two TBX3 isoforms, both in vitro and in vivo.
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15
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Gao Y, Sun Y, Yang H, Qiu P, Cong Z, Zou Y, Song L, Guo J, Anastassiades TP. A Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Derivative Accelerates Excisional Wound Healing by Modulating Pro-Inflammation, Promoting Epithelialization and Neovascularization, and Remodeling Collagen. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153722. [PMID: 31366051 PMCID: PMC6695899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying cutaneous wound healing has advanced the development of medical products. However, patients still suffer from the failure of current treatments, due to the complexity of healing process and thus novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Previously, our laboratories produced a range of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) fragments, where a proportion of the glucosamine moieties were chemically N-acyl substituted. Specifically, N-butyrylation results in anti-inflammatory properties in a macrophage system, and we demonstrate the importance of N-acyl substituents in modulating the inflammatory response of LMW-HA. We have set up an inter-institutional collaborative program to examine the biomedical applications of the N-butyrylated LMW-HA (BHA). In this study, the potentials of BHA for dermal healing are assessed in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, BHA significantly promotes dermal healing relative to a commercial wound care product. By contrast, the “parent” partially de-acetylated LMW-HA (DHA) and the re-acetylated DHA (AHA) significantly delays wound closure, demonstrating the specificity of this N-acylation of LMW-HA in wound healing. Mechanistic studies reveal that the BHA-mediated therapeutic effect is achieved by targeting three phases of wound healing (i.e., inflammation, proliferation and maturation), demonstrating the significant potential of BHA for clinical translation in cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Gao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Pengyu Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhongcheng Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Tassos P Anastassiades
- Departments of Medicine (Div. of Rheumatology), and of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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16
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Li M, Zhang X, Jia W, Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Wang C, Jiang J, Gu G, Guo Z, Chen Z. Improving in vitro biocompatibility on biomimetic mineralized collagen bone materials modified with hyaluronic acid oligosaccharide. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:110008. [PMID: 31499961 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has great potential in bone tissue engineering due to its favorable bioactivity and biocompatibility, especially hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides (oHAs) shows a promising result in endothelialization of blood vessel. To improve endothelialized effect and osteogenic performance of bone scaffold, we have created a biomimetic nanofiber network based on collagen modified with hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides (Col/oHAs) and its mineralized product. Biomimetically mineralized Col/oHAs based composite (Col/oHAs/HAP) was prepared via self-assembly at room temperature. The resultant composites were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). They show some characteristics of natural bone both in composition and microstructure. The nanofiber was fabricated as a hybrid network which bionics extracellular matrix (ECM) and was prepared to culture artery endothelial cell (PIEC) and the mouse parietal bone cell (MC3T3-E1). Cells attached tightly to the nanofibers and infiltrated into the materials, forming an interconnected cell community. Moreover, the as-prepared nanofiber was found to noticeably enhance cells adhesion and proliferation and upregulate alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) expression suggesting positive cellular responses. These results indicated that the Col/oHAs/HAP composite has a promising capacity to direct the osteogenic differentiation by providing an adaptable environment and can be expected as an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering approaches with improved performance of promoting PIEC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Jia
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianpeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuandong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonggang Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Veith AP, Henderson K, Spencer A, Sligar AD, Baker AB. Therapeutic strategies for enhancing angiogenesis in wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:97-125. [PMID: 30267742 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 427] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The enhancement of wound healing has been a goal of medical practitioners for thousands of years. The development of chronic, non-healing wounds is a persistent medical problem that drives patient morbidity and increases healthcare costs. A key aspect of many non-healing wounds is the reduced presence of vessel growth through the process of angiogenesis. This review surveys the creation of new treatments for healing cutaneous wounds through therapeutic angiogenesis. In particular, we discuss the challenges and advancement that have been made in delivering biologic, pharmaceutical and cell-based therapies as enhancers of wound vascularity and healing.
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18
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Oncofoetal insulin receptor isoform A marks the tumour endothelium; an underestimated pathway during tumour angiogenesis and angiostatic treatment. Br J Cancer 2018; 120:218-228. [PMID: 30559346 PMCID: PMC6342959 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In a genomic screen for determinants of the tumour vasculature, we identified insulin receptor (INSR) to mark the tumour endothelium. As a functional role for insulin/INSR in cancer has been suggested and markers of the tumour endothelium may be attractive therapeutic targets, we investigated the role of INSR in angiogenesis. Methods In a genomic screen for determinants of the tumour vasculature we identified insulin receptor to mark the tumour endothelium. Results The current report demonstrates the following: (i) the heavy overexpression of INSR on angiogenic vasculature in human tumours and the correlation to short survival, (ii) that INSR expression in the tumour vasculature is mainly representing the short oncofoetal and non-metabolic isoform INSR-A, (iii) the angiogenic activity of insulin on endothelial cells (EC) in vitro and in vivo, (iv) suppression of proliferation and sprouting of EC in vitro after antibody targeting or siRNA knockdown, and (v) inhibition of in vivo angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) by anti-INSR antibodies. We additionally show, using preclinical mouse as well as patient data, that treatment with the inhibitor sunitinib significantly reduces the expression of INSR-A. Conclusions The current study underscores the oncogenic impact of INSR and suggests that targeting the INSR-A isoform should be considered in therapeutic settings.
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19
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Kim GH, Won JE, Byeon Y, Kim MG, Wi TI, Lee JM, Park YY, Lee JW, Kang TH, Jung ID, Shin BC, Ahn HJ, Lee YJ, Sood AK, Han HD, Park YM. Selective delivery of PLXDC1 small interfering RNA to endothelial cells for anti-angiogenesis tumor therapy using CD44-targeted chitosan nanoparticles for epithelial ovarian cancer. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1394-1402. [PMID: 29890852 PMCID: PMC6096458 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1480672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an essential role in the growth and metastasis of tumor cells, and the modulation of angiogenesis can be an effective approach for cancer therapy. We focused on silencing the angiogenic gene PLXDC1 as an important factor for anti-angiogenesis tumor therapy. Herein, we developed PLXDC1 small interfering siRNA (siRNA)-incorporated chitosan nanoparticle (CH-NP/siRNA) coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to target the CD44 receptor on tumor endothelial cells. This study aimed to improve targeted delivery and enhance therapeutic efficacy for tumor anti-angiogenesis. The HA-CH-NP/siRNA was 200 ± 10 nm in size with a zeta potential of 26.4 mV. The loading efficiency of siRNA to the HA-CH-NP/siRNA was up to 60%. The selective binding of HA-CH-NP/siRNA to CD44-positive tumor endothelial cells increased by 2.1-fold compared with that of the CD44 nontargeted CH-NP/siRNA. PLXDC1 silencing by the HA-CH-NP/siRNA significantly inhibited tumor growth in A2780 tumor-bearing mice compared with that in the control group (p < .01), and mRNA expression of PLXDC1 was significantly reduced in the HA-CH-NP/siRNA-treated group. Furthermore, treatment with HA-CH-NP/siRNA resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation (p < .001), reduced microvessel density (p < .001), and increased cell apoptosis (p < .001). This study demonstrates that HA-CH-NP/siRNA is a highly selective delivery platform for siRNA, and has broad potential to be used in anti-angiogenesis tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hee Kim
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Won
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Yeongseon Byeon
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Min Gi Kim
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Tae In Wi
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Lee
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Heung Kang
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - In Duk Jung
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Byung Cheol Shin
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Ahn
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Kwang-Jin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hee Dong Han
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
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20
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Rios de la Rosa JM, Tirella A, Tirelli N. Receptor-Targeted Drug Delivery and the (Many) Problems We Know of: The Case of CD44 and Hyaluronic Acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julio M. Rios de la Rosa
- NorthWest Centre for Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD); School of Health Sciences; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Annalisa Tirella
- NorthWest Centre for Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD); School of Health Sciences; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- NorthWest Centre for Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD); School of Health Sciences; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Genova 16163 Italy
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21
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Wang L, Li HG, Wen JM, Peng TS, Zeng H, Wang LY. Expression of CD44v3, Erythropoietin and VEGF-C in Gastric Adenocarcinomas: Correlations with Clinicopathological Features. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1578.17216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Hai-Gang Li
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Jian-Ming Wen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Sheng Peng
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Ling-Yun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
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22
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Aanhane E, Schulkens IA, Heusschen R, Castricum K, Leffler H, Griffioen AW, Thijssen VL. Different angioregulatory activity of monovalent galectin-9 isoforms. Angiogenesis 2018; 21:545-555. [PMID: 29500586 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-9 consists of two peptide-linked carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs), but alternative splicing and proteolytic processing can give rise to multiple galectin-9 isoforms. Some of these consist of a single CRD and can exert different functions in cell biology. Here, we explored the role of these galectin-9 isoforms in endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. For this, we compared the effects of the two separate CRDs (Gal-9N and Gal-9C) with the tandem repeat galectin-9M on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, sprouting and tube formation in vitro as well as on angiogenesis in vivo using the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Galectin-9 isoforms significantly affected proliferation in quiescent endothelial cells and migration in activated endothelial cells. Interestingly, both monovalent gal-9 CRDs displayed opposite effects compared to gal-9M on proliferation and migration. Sprouting was significantly inhibited by gal-9C, while all isoforms appeared to stimulate tube formation. Angiogenesis in vivo was hampered by all three isoforms with predominant effects on vessel length. In general, the isoforms induced only subtle concentration-dependent effects in vitro as well as in vivo. Collectively, the effects of different galectin-9 isoforms in endothelial cell biology depend on the cellular activation status. While opposing effects can be observed on a cellular level in vitro, all galectin-9 isoforms hamper angiogenesis in vivo. This warrants further investigation of the regulatory mechanisms that underlie the diverging roles of galectin-9 isoforms in endothelial cell biology since this could provide therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ed Aanhane
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris A Schulkens
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Heusschen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Kitty Castricum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Section Microbiology, Immunology, Glycobiology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor L Thijssen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a prominent component of the tumor bulk and extensive research has now identified them as the subpopulation responsible for tumor relapse and resistance to anti-cancer treatments. Surrounding the bulk formed of tumor cells, an extracellular matrix contributes to cancer growth; the main component of the tumor micro-environment is hyaluronan, a large disaccharide forming a molecular network surrounding the cells. The hyaluronan-dependent coat can regulate cell division and motility in cancer progression and metastasis. One of the receptors of hyaluronan is CD44, a surface protein frequently used as a CSC marker. Indeed, tumor cells with high levels of CD44 appear to exhibit CSC properties and are characterized by elevated relapse rate. The CD44-hyaluronan-dependent interactions are Janus-faced: on one side, they have been shown to be crucial in both malignancy and resistance to therapy; on the other, they represent a potential value for future therapies, as disturbing the CD44-hyaluronan axis would not only impair the pericellular matrix but also the subpopulation of self-renewing oncogenic cells. Here, we will review the key roles of HA and CD44 in CSC maintenance and propagation and will show that CSC-like spheroids from a rabdhomyosarcoma cell line, namely RD, have a prominent pericellular coat necessary for sphere formation and for elevated migration. Thus, a better understanding of the hyaluronan-CD44 interactions holds the potential for ameliorating current cancer therapies and eradicating CSC.
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Crich SG, Terreno E, Aime S. Nano-sized and other improved reporters for magnetic resonance imaging of angiogenesis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 119:61-72. [PMID: 28802567 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) enables to provide anatomical, functional and molecular information of pathological angiogenesis when used with properly tailored imaging probes. Functional studies have been the domain of Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) -MRI protocols from which it is possible to extract quantitative estimations on key parameters such as the volumes of vascular and extracellular compartments and the rates of the bidirectional exchange of the imaging reporters across the endothelial barrier. Whereas paramagnetic Gd-complexes able to reversibly bind to serum albumin act better than the clinically used small-sized, hydrophilic species, new findings suggest that an accurate assessment of the vascular volume is possible by analyzing images acquired upon the i.v. administration of Gd-labelled Red Blood Cells (RBCs). As far as it concerns molecular MRI, among the many available biomarkers, αvβ3 integrins are the most investigated ones. The low expression of these targets makes mandatory the use of nano-sized systems endowed with the proper signal enhancing capabilities. A number of targeted nano-particles have been investigated including micelles, liposomes, iron oxides and perfluorocarbon containing systems. Finally, a growing attention is devoted to the design and testing of "theranostic" agents based on the exploitation of MRI to monitor drug delivery processes and therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy.
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FOXF1 transcription factor promotes lung regeneration after partial pneumonectomy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10690. [PMID: 28878348 PMCID: PMC5587533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXF1, a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors, has been previously shown to be critical for lung development, homeostasis, and injury responses. However, the role of FOXF1 in lung regeneration is unknown. Herein, we performed partial pneumonectomy, a model of lung regeneration, in mice lacking one Foxf1 allele in endothelial cells (PDGFb-iCre/Foxf1 fl/+ mice). Endothelial cell proliferation was significantly reduced in regenerating lungs from mice deficient for endothelial Foxf1. Decreased endothelial proliferation was associated with delayed lung regeneration as shown by reduced respiratory volume in Foxf1-deficient lungs. FACS-sorted endothelial cells isolated from regenerating PDGFb-iCre/Foxf1 fl/+ and control lungs were used for RNAseq analysis to identify FOXF1 target genes. Foxf1 deficiency altered expression of numerous genes including those regulating extracellular matrix remodeling (Timp3, Adamts9) and cell cycle progression (Cdkn1a, Cdkn2b, Cenpj, Tubb4a), which are critical for lung regeneration. Deletion of Foxf1 increased Timp3 mRNA and protein, decreasing MMP14 activity in regenerating lungs. ChIPseq analysis for FOXF1 and histone methylation marks identified DNA regulatory regions within the Cd44, Cdkn1a, and Cdkn2b genes, indicating they are direct FOXF1 targets. Thus FOXF1 stimulates lung regeneration following partial pneumonectomy via direct transcriptional regulation of genes critical for extracellular matrix remodeling and cell cycle progression.
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Amrithraj AI, Kodali A, Nguyen L, Teo AKK, Chang CW, Karnani N, Ng KL, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Stünkel W. Gestational Diabetes Alters Functions in Offspring's Umbilical Cord Cells With Implications for Cardiovascular Health. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2102-2112. [PMID: 28431037 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Because noncommunicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus have their roots in prenatal development and conditions such as maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we aimed to test this hypothesis in primary cells derived from the offspring of mothers with GDM compared with control subjects. We have assessed primary umbilical cord-derived cells such as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells from the offspring of mothers with and without GDM. We have compared the primary isolates in cell-based assays measuring proliferation, mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and the ability to support blood vessel growth. We conducted gene expression microarray studies with subsequent pathway analysis and candidate gene validation. We observed striking differences between the two groups, such as lower metabolic rates and impairment of endothelial tube formation in cells with GDM background. HUVECs from subjects with maternal GDM have lower expression of the antiapoptotic protein BCL-xL, suggesting compromised angiogenic capabilities. Comparative gene expression analysis revealed blood vessel formation as a major pathway enriched in the GDM-derived HUVECs with the surface marker CD44 as a gene underexpressed in the GDM group. Functional validation of CD44 revealed that it regulates tube formation in HUVECs, thereby providing insights into a pathway imprinted in primary umbilical cord-derived cells from GDM offspring. Our data demonstrate that primary cells isolated from the umbilical cord of offspring born to mothers with GDM maintain metabolic and molecular imprints of maternal hyperglycemia, reflecting an increased risk for cardiovascular disease later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Isaac Amrithraj
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Anjaneyulu Kodali
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673
| | - Adrian Kee Keong Teo
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673
| | - Cheng Wei Chang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
| | - Kai Lyn Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Walter Stünkel
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609
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Zhang D, Jia H, Li W, Hou Y, Lu S, He S. Screening and Identification of a Phage Display Derived Peptide That Specifically Binds to the CD44 Protein Region Encoded by Variable Exons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 21:44-53. [PMID: 26423339 DOI: 10.1177/1087057115608604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD44, especially the isoforms with variable exons (CD44v), is a promising biomarker for the detection of cancer. To develop a CD44v-specific probe, we screened a 7-mer phage peptide library against the CD44v3-v10 protein using an improved subtractive method. The consensus sequences with the highest frequency (designated CV-1) emerged after four rounds of panning. The binding affinity and specificity of the CV-1 phage and the synthesized peptide for the region of CD44 encoded by the variable exons were confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and competitive inhibition assays. Furthermore, the binding of the CV-1 probe to gastric cancer cells and tissues was validated using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays. CV-1 sensitively and specifically bound to CD44v on cancer cells and tissues. Thus, CV-1 has the potential to serve as a promising probe for cancer molecular imaging and target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Jia
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingchun Hou
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaoying Lu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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28
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Wei Q, Zhang F, Richardson MM, Roy NH, Rodgers W, Liu Y, Zhao W, Fu C, Ding Y, Huang C, Chen Y, Sun Y, Ding L, Hu Y, Ma JX, Boulton ME, Pasula S, Wren JD, Tanaka S, Huang X, Thali M, Hämmerling GJ, Zhang XA. CD82 restrains pathological angiogenesis by altering lipid raft clustering and CD44 trafficking in endothelial cells. Circulation 2014; 130:1493-504. [PMID: 25149363 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.011096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is crucial for many pathological processes and becomes a therapeutic strategy against diseases ranging from inflammation to cancer. The regulatory mechanism of angiogenesis remains unclear. Although tetraspanin CD82 is widely expressed in various endothelial cells (ECs), its vascular function is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Angiogenesis was examined in Cd82-null mice with in vivo and ex vivo morphogenesis assays. Cellular functions, molecular interactions, and signaling were analyzed in Cd82-null ECs. Angiogenic responses to various stimuli became markedly increased upon Cd82 ablation. Major changes in Cd82-null ECs were enhanced migration and invasion, likely resulting from the upregulated expression of cell adhesion molecules such as CD44 and integrins at the cell surface and subsequently elevated outside-in signaling. Gangliosides, lipid raft clustering, and CD44-membrane microdomain interactions were increased in the plasma membrane of Cd82-null ECs, leading to less clathrin-independent endocytosis and then more surface presence of CD44. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that CD82 restrains pathological angiogenesis by inhibiting EC movement, that lipid raft clustering and cell adhesion molecule trafficking modulate angiogenic potential, that transmembrane protein modulates lipid rafts, and that the perturbation of CD82-ganglioside-CD44 signaling attenuates pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wei
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Feng Zhang
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Mekel M Richardson
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Nathan H Roy
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - William Rodgers
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Yuechueng Liu
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Chenying Fu
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Yingjun Ding
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Chao Huang
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Yuanjian Chen
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Yao Sun
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Lexi Ding
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Yang Hu
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Michael E Boulton
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Satish Pasula
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Markus Thali
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Günter J Hämmerling
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.)
| | - Xin A Zhang
- From the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (Q.W.); University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City (Q.W., F.Z., M.M.R., W.R., Y.L., C.F., Y.D., C.H., L.D., Y.H., J.M., X.A.Z.); University of Vermont, Burlington (N.H.R., M.T.); University of Tennessee, Memphis (W.Z., Y.C., Y.S.); Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China (Y.D., X.H.); Indiana University, Indianapolis (M.E.B.); Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City (S.P., J.D.W.); and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (S.T., G.J.H.).
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Mima K, Okabe H, Ishimoto T, Hayashi H, Nakagawa S, Kuroki H, Watanabe M, Beppu T, Tamada M, Nagano O, Saya H, Baba H. CD44s regulates the TGF-β-mediated mesenchymal phenotype and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2012; 72:3414-23. [PMID: 22552294 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis for individuals diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor because of the high frequency of invasive tumor growth, intrahepatic spread, and extrahepatic metastasis. Here, we investigated the role of the standard isoform of CD44 (CD44s), a major adhesion molecule of the extracellular matrix and a cancer stem cell marker, in the TGF-β-mediated mesenchymal phenotype of HCC. We found that CD44s was the dominant form of CD44 mRNA expressed in HCC cells. Overexpression of CD44s promoted tumor invasiveness and increased the expression of vimentin, a mesenchymal marker, in HCC cells. Loss of CD44s abrogated these changes. Also in the setting of CD44s overexpression, treatment with TGF-β1 induced the mesenchymal phenotype of HCC cells, which was characterized by low E-cadherin and high vimentin expression. Loss of CD44s inhibited TGF-β-mediated vimentin expression, mesenchymal spindle-like morphology, and tumor invasiveness. Clinically, overexpression of CD44s was associated with low expression of E-cadherin, high expression of vimentin, a high percentage of phospho-Smad2-positive nuclei, and poor prognosis in HCC patients, including reduced disease-free and overall survival. Together, our findings suggest that CD44s plays a critical role in the TGF-β-mediated mesenchymal phenotype and therefore represents a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ohta-Ogo K, Hao H, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Hirota S, Nakamura K, Ohe T, Ito H. CD44 expression in plexiform lesions of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pathol Int 2012; 62:219-25. [PMID: 22449225 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2011.02779.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Plexiform lesions in pulmonary arteries are a characteristic histological feature for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). The pathogenesis of the plexiform lesion is not fully understood, although it may be related to endothelial cell dysfunction and local inflammation. CD44 is a cell adhesion molecule and it is also involved in angiogenesis, endothelial cell proliferation and migration. The expression of CD44 was examined in lung plexiform lesions obtained from patients with IPAH (IPAH group, n= 7) and pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with atrial septal defect (ASD-PAH group, n= 4). Expression of CD44 was detected in 49 out of 52 plexiform lesions (93%) from all patients in the IPAH group, whereas 31 plexiform lesions obtained from the ASD-PAH group lacked CD44 positivity by immunohistochemistry. In the IPAH group, CD44 was localized in the endothelial cells of microvessels within plexiform lesions and activated T cells in and around the lesions. Furthermore, T cell infiltration and endothelial cell proliferation activity were prominent in the plexiform lesions of the IPAH group, compared to those of the ASD-PAH group. These findings suggest that CD44 and activated T cell infiltration play an important role in the development of plexiform lesions particularly in IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ohta-Ogo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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Soluble CD44 interacts with intermediate filament protein vimentin on endothelial cell surface. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29305. [PMID: 22216242 PMCID: PMC3244446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein that functions as hyaluronan receptor. Mouse and human serum contain substantial amounts of soluble CD44, generated either by shedding or alternative splicing. During inflammation and in cancer patients serum levels of soluble CD44 are significantly increased. Experimentally, soluble CD44 overexpression blocks cancer cell adhesion to HA. We have previously found that recombinant CD44 hyaluronan binding domain (CD44HABD) and its non-HA-binding mutant inhibited tumor xenograft growth, angiogenesis, and endothelial cell proliferation. These data suggested an additional target other than HA for CD44HABD. By using non-HA-binding CD44HABD Arg41Ala, Arg78Ser, and Tyr79Ser-triple mutant (CD443MUT) we have identified intermediate filament protein vimentin as a novel interaction partner of CD44. We found that vimentin is expressed on the cell surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endogenous CD44 and vimentin coprecipitate from HUVECs, and when overexpressed in vimentin-negative MCF-7 cells. By using deletion mutants, we found that CD44HABD and CD443MUT bind vimentin N-terminal head domain. CD443MUT binds vimentin in solution with a Kd in range of 12–37 nM, and immobilised vimentin with Kd of 74 nM. CD443MUT binds to HUVEC and recombinant vimentin displaces CD443MUT from its binding sites. CD44HABD and CD443MUT were internalized by wild-type endothelial cells, but not by lung endothelial cells isolated from vimentin knock-out mice. Together, these data suggest that vimentin provides a specific binding site for soluble CD44 on endothelial cells.
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Lennon FE, Singleton PA. Role of hyaluronan and hyaluronan-binding proteins in lung pathobiology. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301:L137-47. [PMID: 21571904 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00071.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) has diverse functions in normal lung homeostasis and pulmonary disease. HA constitutes the major glycosaminoglycan in lung tissue, with HA degradation products, produced by hyaluronidase enzymes and reactive oxygen species, being implicated in several lung diseases, including acute lung injury, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary hypertension. The differential activities of HA and its degradation products are due, in part, to regulation of multiple HA-binding proteins, including cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), HA-binding protein 2 (HABP2), and receptor for HA-mediated motility (RHAMM). Recent research indicates that exogenous administration of high-molecular-weight HA can serve as a novel therapeutic intervention for lung diseases, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury, sepsis/ventilator-induced lung injury, and airway hyperreactivity. This review focuses on the regulatory role of HA and HA-binding proteins in lung pathology and discusses the capacity of HA to augment and inhibit various lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances E Lennon
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Abstract
A specific splice variant of the CD44 cell- surface protein family, CD44v6, has been shown to act as a coreceptor for the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met on epithelial cells. Here we show that also on endothelial cells (ECs), the activity of c-Met is dependent on CD44v6. Furthermore, another receptor tyrosine kinase, VEGFR-2, is also regulated by CD44v6. The CD44v6 ectodomain and a small peptide mimicking a specific extracellular motif of CD44v6 or a CD44v6-specific antibody prevent CD44v6-mediated receptor activation. This indicates that the extracellular part of CD44v6 is required for interaction with c-Met or VEGFR-2. In the cytoplasm, signaling by activated c-Met and VEGFR-2 requires association of the CD44 carboxy-terminus with ezrin that couples CD44v6 to the cytoskeleton. CD44v6 controls EC migration, sprouting, and tubule formation induced by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or VEGF-A. In vivo the development of blood vessels from grafted EC spheroids and angiogenesis in tumors is impaired by CD44v6 blocking reagents, suggesting that the coreceptor function of CD44v6 for c-Met and VEGFR-2 is a promising target to block angiogenesis in pathologic conditions.
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Pasquinelli G, Vinci MC, Gamberini C, Orrico C, Foroni L, Guarnieri C, Parenti A, Gargiulo M, Ledda F, Caldarera CM, Muscari C. Architectural Organization and Functional Features of Early Endothelial Progenitor Cells Cultured in a Hyaluronan-Based Polymer Scaffold. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:2751-62. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Radiological and Histocytopathological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Vinci
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Gamberini
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Catia Orrico
- Department of Specialistic Surgical Anesthesiological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Foroni
- Department of Specialistic Surgical Anesthesiological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Guarnieri
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Astrid Parenti
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Gargiulo
- Department of Specialistic Surgical Anesthesiological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ledda
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Marcello Caldarera
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Muscari
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Italy
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Minardi D, Lucarini G, Filosa A, Milanese G, Zizzi A, Di Primio R, Montironi R, Muzzonigro G. Prognostic role of tumor necrosis, microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha in patients with clear cell renal carcinoma after radical nephrectomy in a long term follow-up. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2008; 21:447-55. [PMID: 18547492 DOI: 10.1177/039463200802100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical step in the growth, invasive progression and metastatic spread of solid tumors. We investigated the importance of tumor necrosis, and microvessel density (MVD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) immunohistochemical expression in a large series of clear cell renal carcinomas treated with radical nephrectomy and assessed the prognostic value of their expression in terms of patient survival at long-term followup. Fifty patients with clear cell RCC were examined. The features considered when evaluating the patients were age, tumor size and grade, intratumoral vascular and renal capsula invasion, histological necrosis, and MVD, vascular and tumoral cell VEGF, and vascular, tumoral cytoplasmic and nuclear HIF-1alpha expression on the histologic specimens. All considered parameters were correlated with patient specific survival. Mean age was 62.06 +/- 6.8 years. Median follow-up was 191.66 months; median survival was 120.86 months. Twenty-one patients developed metastases in the follow-up. Tumor necrosis, microvascular invasion and renal capsula infiltration are more likely to occur in high stage and grade RCC; cytoplasmic HIF-1alpha is highly expressed in high grade RCC. Survival is dependent upon tumor stage and grade, the presence of intratumoral vascular invasion and capsular infiltration, and tumor necrosis; MVD also resulted as being an important prognostic factor. VEGF and HIF-1alpha correlate with prognosis in high stage tumors where VEGF is the most important independent prognostic factor for cancer specific death. The histological and immunohistochemical parameters considered in our study can influence disease recurrence and survival in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Minardi
- Institute of Maternal and Children's Sciences-Urology, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Via Conca 71, Ancona, Italy.
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Ghilardi C, Chiorino G, Dossi R, Nagy Z, Giavazzi R, Bani M. Identification of novel vascular markers through gene expression profiling of tumor-derived endothelium. BMC Genomics 2008; 9:201. [PMID: 18447899 PMCID: PMC2410137 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting tumor angiogenesis and vasculature is a promising strategy for the inhibition of tumor growth and dissemination. Evidence suggests that tumor vasculature expresses unique markers that distinguish it from normal vasculature. Our efforts focused on the molecular characterization of endothelial cells (EC) in the search for selective markers of tumor vasculature that might be helpful for the development of effective therapeutic approaches. RESULTS We investigated by microarray analysis the gene expression profiles of EC purified and cultured from tumor (ovarian carcinoma [HOC-EC]) and normal (human adrenal gland [HA-EC]) tissue specimens. We found distinct transcriptional features characterizing the EC of different origin, and identified 158 transcripts highly expressed by HOC-EC. We analyzed four of these genes, ADAM23, FAP, GPNMB and PRSS3, which were not previously known to be expressed by endothelium. In vitro experiments confirmed the higher expression of the selected genes in tumor-derived endothelium with no expression in tumor cells. In vivo investigation by in situ hybridization established that ADAM23, GPNMB and PRSS3 expression is localized on blood vessels of human cancer specimens. CONCLUSION These findings elucidate some of the molecular features of the tumor endothelium. Comparative transcriptomic analysis allowed us to determine molecular differences of tumor and normal tissue-derived endothelium and to identify novel markers that might be exploited to selectively target tumor vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ghilardi
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy.
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Thijssen VL, Hulsmans S, Griffioen AW. The galectin profile of the endothelium: altered expression and localization in activated and tumor endothelial cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008; 172:545-53. [PMID: 18202194 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified overexpression of galectin-1 in activated tumor endothelium. Currently, the tumor vasculature is a target for therapeutic approaches. Little is known about galectin expression and regulation in the tumor vasculature. Here, we report the expression of galectin-1/-3/-8/-9 in the endothelium as determined by quantitative PCR, Western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. Galectin-2/-4/-12 were detectable at the mRNA level, albeit very low. Galectin-8 and -9 displayed alternative splicing. Immunohistochemistry of normal tissues revealed a broad but low expression of galectin-1 in the vasculature, whereas the expression levels and localization of the other galectins varied. Endothelial cell activation in vitro significantly increased the expression of galectin-1 (5.32 +/- 1.97; P = 0.04) and decreased the expression of both galectin-8 (0.59 +/- 0.12; P < 0.04) and galectin-9 (0.32 +/- 0.06; P < 0.002). Galectin-3 expression was unaltered. Although a portion of these proteins is expressed intracellularly, the membrane protein level of galectin-1/-8/-9 was significantly increased on cell activation in vitro, 6-fold (P = 0.005), 3-fold (P = 0.002), and 1.4-fold (P = 0.04), respectively. Altered expression levels and cellular localization was also observed in vivo in the endothelium of human tumor tissue compared with normal tissue. These data show that endothelial cells express several members of the galectin family and that their expression and distribution changes on cell activation, resulting in a different profile in the tumor vasculature. This offers opportunities to develop therapeutic strategies that are independent of tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Thijssen
- Department of Pathology, Angiogenesis Laboratory Maastricht, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-GROW, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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39
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Choi DS, Lee JM, Park GW, Lim HW, Bang JY, Kim YK, Kwon KH, Kwon HJ, Kim KP, Gho YS. Proteomic analysis of microvesicles derived from human colorectal cancer cells. J Proteome Res 2007; 6:4646-55. [PMID: 17956143 DOI: 10.1021/pr070192y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microvesicles (MV) are membrane vesicles secreted from the plasma and endosomal membrane compartment by various cell types such as hematopoietic, epithelial, and tumor cells. Actively growing tumor cells shed MV, and the rate of shedding increases in malignant tumors. Although recent progress in this area has revealed that tumor-derived MV play multiple roles in tumor growth and metastasis via immune escape, tumor invasion, and angiogenesis, the mechanism of vesicle formation and the biological roles of tumor-derived MV are not understood. Here, we report the first global proteomic analysis of highly purified MV from human colorectal cancer cells. Using 1D SDS gel electrophoresis and nano-LC-MS/MS analyses, we identified a total of 547 microvesicular proteins from three independent experiments with high confidence; 416 proteins were identified at least in two trials, including 181 as yet unreported proteins. We identified 49 proteins involved in the biogenesis of MV, including annexins, ADP-ribosylation factors, and Rab proteins. We also identified 28 proteins that may function in tumorigenesis via promotion of migration, invasion, and growth of tumor cells, immune modulation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Taken together with previously reported results, our observations suggest that tumor-derived MV may act as communicasomes, that is, extracellular organelles that play diverse roles in intercellular communication. This information will help elucidate the biogenesis and functions of tumor-derived MV, and aid in the development of effective vaccines for various cancers, including colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sic Choi
- Department of Life Science and Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Baronas-Lowell D, Lauer-Fields JL, Al-Ghoul M, Fields GB. Proteolytic profiling of the extracellular matrix degradome. Methods Mol Biol 2007; 386:167-202. [PMID: 18604946 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-430-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The profiling of protein function is one of the most challenging scientific tasks in the postgenomic age. Traditional protein expression methodologies have focused only on the quantification of proteins under varying conditions or pathologies. Determining the functional differences between protein populations allows for a more accurate view of the outcomes in normal vs diseased proteomes. Because the presence or absence of a protein's function can affect its complex surroundings (consisting of multiple other proteins and substrates), the study of proteome functionality yields information on protein-protein interactions, amplification cascades, signaling pathways, and posttranslational modifications. Of significant interest are proteinases, as proteolysis is responsible for tight regulation of various cellular and tissue processes. Proteinase activities, or lack there of, alter the proteome makeup by regulating other proteins or by generating cleavage products. This chapter describes current proteolytic profiling technologies using activity or target-based formats. In particular, the analysis of collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinase activity using fluorogenic triple-helical substrates is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Baronas-Lowell
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
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Mulder WJM, Strijkers GJ, van Tilborg GAF, Griffioen AW, Nicolay K. Lipid-based nanoparticles for contrast-enhanced MRI and molecular imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2006; 19:142-64. [PMID: 16450332 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the field of MR imaging and especially in the emerging field of cellular and molecular MR imaging, flexible strategies to synthesize contrast agents that can be manipulated in terms of size and composition and that can be easily conjugated with targeting ligands are required. Furthermore, the relaxivity of the contrast agents, especially for molecular imaging applications, should be very high to deal with the low sensitivity of MRI. Lipid-based nanoparticles, such as liposomes or micelles, have been used extensively in recent decades as drug carrier vehicles. A relatively new and promising application of lipidic nanoparticles is their use as multimodal MR contrast agents. Lipids are amphiphilic molecules with both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part, which spontaneously assemble into aggregates in an aqueous environment. In these aggregates, the amphiphiles are arranged such that the hydrophobic parts cluster together and the hydrophilic parts face the water. In the low concentration regime, a wide variety of structures can be formed, ranging from spherical micelles to disks or liposomes. Furthermore, a monolayer of lipids can serve as a shell to enclose a hydrophobic core. Hydrophobic iron oxide particles, quantum dots or perfluorocarbon emulsions can be solubilized using this approach. MR-detectable and fluorescent amphiphilic molecules can easily be incorporated in lipidic nanoparticles. Furthermore, targeting ligands can be conjugated to lipidic particles by incorporating lipids with a functional moiety to allow a specific interaction with molecular markers and to achieve accumulation of the particles at disease sites. In this review, an overview of different lipidic nanoparticles for use in MRI is given, with the main emphasis on Gd-based contrast agents. The mechanisms of particle formation, conjugation strategies and applications in the field of contrast-enhanced, cellular and molecular MRI are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem J M Mulder
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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van Beijnum JR, Griffioen AW. In silico analysis of angiogenesis associated gene expression identifies angiogenic stage related profiles. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2005; 1755:121-34. [PMID: 16038789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models have been extensively used to map gene expression in ECs but few studies have used cells from in vivo sources directly. Here, we compare different gene expression surveys on both cultured and fresh tissue derived ECs, and it emerges that gene expression profiles can be paralleled with the angiogenic stage of the cells. ECs stimulated with different growth factors in monolayer cultures exhibit gene expression profiles indicative of an active proliferative state, whereas gene expression in tube forming cells in vitro involves genes implicated in cell adhesion processes. Genes overexpressed in tumor ECs are biased towards extracellular matrix remodeling, a late event in angiogenesis. The elucidation of gene expression profiles under these different conditions will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms during angiogenesis in both pathological and physiological circumstances and will have implications for the development of angiogenesis interfering treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy R van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Research Institute for Growth and Development, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, Maastricht University Hospital, PO Box 5800, 6202AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Paris D, Ait-Ghezala G, Mathura VS, Patel N, Quadros A, Laporte V, Mullan M. Anti-angiogenic activity of the mutant Dutch A(beta) peptide on human brain microvascular endothelial cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 136:212-30. [PMID: 15893605 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2005.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2004] [Revised: 01/13/2005] [Accepted: 02/05/2005] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a common pathological feature of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and it is also the hallmark of individuals with a rare autosomal dominant disorder known as hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis-Dutch type. We have shown previously that wild type A(beta) peptides are anti-angiogenic both in vitro and in vivo and could contribute to the compromised cerebrovascular architecture observed in AD. In the present study, we investigated the potential anti-angiogenic activity of the Dutch A(beta)(1-40) (E22Q) peptide. We show that compared to wild type A(beta), freshly solubilized Dutch A(beta) peptide more potently inhibits the formation of capillary structures induced by plating human brain microvascular endothelial cells onto a reconstituted basement membrane. Aggregated/fibrillar preparations of wild type A(beta) and Dutch A(beta) do not appear to be anti-angiogenic in this assay. The stronger anti-angiogenic activity of the Dutch A(beta) compared to wild type A(beta) appears to be related to the increased formation of low molecular weight A(beta) oligomers in the culture medium surrounding human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Using oligonucleotide microarray analysis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells, followed by a genome-scale computational analysis with the Ingenuity Pathways Knowledge Base, networks of genes affected by an anti-angiogenic dose of Dutch A(beta) were identified. This analysis highlights that several biological networks involved in angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, atherosclerosis, cellular migration and proliferation are disrupted in human brain microvascular endothelial cells exposed to Dutch A(beta). Altogether, these data provide new molecular clues regarding the pathological activity of Dutch A(beta) peptide in the cerebrovasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paris
- The Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Avenue, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA.
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44
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Forster-Horváth C, Mészáros L, Rásó E, Döme B, Ladányi A, Morini M, Albini A, Tímár J. Expression of CD44v3 protein in human endothelial cells in vitro and in tumoral microvessels in vivo. Microvasc Res 2005; 68:110-8. [PMID: 15313120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2004.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The most universal angiogenic cytokines (VEGF, bFGF, HGF) are all heparin-binding proteins, the function of which is dependent on cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Several proteoglycans have been demonstrated in endothelial cells, but only glypican-1 from the cell surface HSPG subfamily was documented at protein level. Here, we show that CD44v3 is expressed in human immortalized endothelial cells [anchorage-dependent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and anchorage-independent Kaposi sarcoma (KS-Imm)] at mRNA and protein level, but is absent from the primary culture of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. We have shown that CD44v3 has a large cytoplasmic pool in endothelial cells, but a limited surface expression, mainly at filopodia, colocalized with MMP-2. Angiogenic factors like VEGF or bFGF did not affect surface detection of CD44v3 suggesting a constitutive expression. The putative functional role for endothelial cell surface CD44v3 was identified in chemotaxis assay when anti-CD44v3 antibody pretreatment proved to be inhibitory for HUVEC. Furthermore, we provided evidence for the CD44v3 protein expression in human endothelial cells in vivo in peritumoral microvessels of both human melanoma and glottic cancers, suggesting a role for this part-time heparan sulfate proteoglycan in tumor induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Forster-Horváth
- Department of Tumor Progression, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
As a consequence of the dramatic progress that has been made in recent years towards elucidating the diverse molecular events involved in the development and pathogenesis of malignant disease, there is now no shortage of genes that can be exploited or targeted in the context of cancer gene therapy. Many of these have been shown to be effective both in vitro and in various animal models, and a number have progressed to the clinic. The results of these later studies, although generally encouraging, are perhaps less dramatic than one might have hoped. Although a number of factors undoubtedly contribute to this finding, it is evident that a major reason relates to the difficulties implicit in achieving efficient in vivo gene transfer, particularly in a clinical context. Targeting gene therapy, not to the malignant population, but instead to the vasculature upon which the survival and growth of a tumour depends constitutes an alternative approach that overcomes some of the delivery problems associated with established tumour cell-directed strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme J Dougherty
- University of Arizona, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Kerns W, Schwartz L, Blanchard K, Burchiel S, Essayan D, Fung E, Johnson R, Lawton M, Louden C, MacGregor J, Miller F, Nagarkatti P, Robertson D, Snyder P, Thomas H, Wagner B, Ward A, Zhang J. Drug-induced vascular injury—a quest for biomarkers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005; 203:62-87. [PMID: 15694465 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2004] [Accepted: 08/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Murphy JF, Lennon F, Steele C, Kelleher D, Fitzgerald D, Long AC. Engagement of CD44 modulates cyclooxygenase induction, VEGF generation, and proliferation in human vascular endothelial cells. FASEB J 2005; 19:446-8. [PMID: 15640281 DOI: 10.1096/fj.03-1376fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
CD44 is a receptor for hyaluronic acid and is found on the surface of hematopoetic cells and in mesenchymal tissue. It is also expressed on endothelial cells (EC). Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of prostaglandins in EC. Here we show that engagement of CD44 with signaling monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or its natural ligand hyaluronic acid induces COX-2 and prostacyclin (PGI2) formation in human EC. This induction was blocked by mAbs that have been shown to inhibit CD44-mediated intracellular signaling. COX-1 induction was not observed after CD44 ligation. CD44-stimulated COX-2 activation/PGI2 production was accompanied by the production of the potent endothelial mitogen, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and was inhibited by a neutralizing VEGF antibody. Moreover, this COX-2 induction was also associated with an increase in EC proliferation that was inhibited by the blocking anti-CD44 mAbs and a COX-2-specific inhibitor. This is the first study to show that engagement of CD44 with mAbs or its natural ligand induces COX-2, generates VEGF, and thus leads to an increase in EC proliferation. Results from this study may have important and widespread implications for the development of novel therapeutic agents for modulating blood vessel growth during ischemic heart disease, during inflammation, or around solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Murphy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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48
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Korn T, Müller R, Kontermann RE. Bispecific single-chain diabody-mediated killing of endoglin-positive endothelial cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Immunother 2004; 27:99-106. [PMID: 14770081 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-200403000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel vascular tumor therapy approach based on lysing endothelial cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Retargeting of CTLs is achieved by a recombinant bispecific antibody molecule (bispecific single-chain diabody) directed against human endoglin (CD105, EDG) and the T-cell coreceptor CD3 (scDb EDGCD3). Bacterially expressed scDb EDGCD3 was able to bind to endoglin-expressing endothelial cells as well as CD3-expressing T lymphocytes. The single-chain diabody mediated killing of endothelial cells (HUVEC, HMEC) by activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes at picomolar concentrations, and cells not expressing endoglin were not affected. Because endoglin is up-regulated in the vasculature of many solid tumors, this antibody molecule should be capable of lysing tumor endothelial cells and thus destroying the vascular bed of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Korn
- Institut für Molekularbiologie und Tumorforschung, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Emil-Mannkopff-Str. 2, 35033 Marburg, Germany
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49
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Nisato RE, Harrison JA, Buser R, Orci L, Rinsch C, Montesano R, Dupraz P, Pepper MS. Generation and characterization of telomerase-transfected human lymphatic endothelial cells with an extended life span. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2004; 165:11-24. [PMID: 15215158 PMCID: PMC1618539 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study of lymphatic endothelial cells and lymphangiogenesis has, in the past, been hampered by the lack of lymphatic endothelial-specific markers. The recent discovery of several such markers has permitted the isolation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from human skin. However, cell numbers are limited and purity is variable with the different isolation procedures. To overcome these problems, we have transfected human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVECs) with a retrovirus containing the coding region of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), and have produced a cell line, hTERT-HDLEC, with an extended lifespan. hTERT-HDLEC exhibit a typical cobblestone morphology when grown in culture, are contact-inhibited, and express endothelial cell-specific markers. hTERT-HDLEC also express the recognized lymphatic markers, Prox-1, LYVE-1 and podoplanin, as well as integrin alpha9, but do not express CD34. They also form tube-like structures in three-dimensional collagen gels when stimulated with vascular endothelial growth factors -A and -C. Based on these currently recognized criteria, these cells are LEC. Surprisingly, we also found that the widely studied HMEC-1 cell line expresses recognized lymphatic markers; however, these cells are also CD34-positive. In summary, the ectopic expression of hTERT increases the life span of LECs and does not affect their capacity to form tube-like structures in a collagen matrix. The production and characterization of hTERT-HDLEC will facilitate the study of the properties of lymphatic endothelium in vitro.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Cellular Senescence
- Coculture Techniques
- Collagen Type I/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/cytology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/enzymology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/immunology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/metabolism
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/ultrastructure
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/pharmacology
- Gels
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphatic Vessels/cytology
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/analysis
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Retroviridae/genetics
- Skin/cytology
- Telomerase/genetics
- Telomerase/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo E Nisato
- Department of Morphology, University Medical Center, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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50
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Yevdokimova NY, Komisarenko SV. TGFbeta1 is involved in high glucose-induced accumulation of pericellular chondroitin sulphate in human endothelial cells. J Diabetes Complications 2004; 18:300-8. [PMID: 15337504 DOI: 10.1016/s1056-8727(03)00113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2003] [Revised: 10/15/2003] [Accepted: 12/05/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction is considered to be the main cause of the development of vascular diabetes complications. Cultured endothelial cells exposed to high glucose in vitro demonstrate a variety of alterations, including extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, growth inhibition, and changes in cell motility. Some of these effects were shown to be mediated by the up-regulation of endothelial transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) secretion and activation. We investigated the influence of high glucose on human immortalized endothelial cell line ECV304. According to our data, confluent cells exposed to 30 mM glucose for 48 h secrete the increased amount of total and active TGFbeta1 ( approximately 1.4-fold), and accumulate more chondroitin sulphate (CS) in their conditioned medium, pericellular matrix, and cell layer ( approximately 1.6- to 2.0-fold). By blocking the coupling of CS chains to the core protein with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xyloside and by chondroitinase ABC treatment, we demonstrated that the increased accumulation of pericellular CS is accompanied by increased cell attachment to immobilized hyaluronic acid (HA), while the expression of cell surface CD44 remains unaltered. Since the exogenous TGFbeta1 affects ECV304 cells in a similar manner, and anti-TGFbeta1-neutralizing antibody cancels the effect of high glucose, we suggest the involvement of TGFbeta1 in the development of endothelial cell response to high glucose in terms of CS accumulation and cell binding to HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Yu Yevdokimova
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str., 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine.
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