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Ministrini S, Padro T. MicroRNA in cardiometabolic health and disease: The perspectives of sex, gender and personalised medicine. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14223. [PMID: 38623918 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personalized medicine represents a novel and integrative approach that focuses on an individual's genetics and epigenetics, precision medicine, lifestyle and exposures as key players of health status and disease phenotypes. METHODS In this narrative review, we aim to carefully discuss the current knowledge on gender disparities in cardiometabolic diseases, and we consider the sex- specific expression of miRNAs and their role as promising tool in precision medicine. RESULTS Personalised medicine overcomes the restricted care of patient based on a binomial sex approach, by enriching itself with a holistic and dynamic gender integration. Recognized as a major worldwide health emergency, cardiometabolic disorders continue to rise, impacting on health systems and requiring more effective and targeted strategies. Several sex and gender drivers might affect the onset and progression of cardiometabolic disorders in males and females at multiple levels. In this respect, distinct contribution of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, molecular and physiological pathways, sex hormones, visceral fat and subcutaneous fat and lifestyle lead to differences in disease burden and outcomes in males and females. CONCLUSIONS Sex and gender play a pivotal role in precision medicine because the influence the physiology of each individual and the way they interact with environment from intrauterine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Padro
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Hong ES, Wang SZ, Ponti AK, Hajdari N, Lee J, Mulkearns-Hubert EE, Volovetz J, Kay KE, Lathia JD, Dhawan A. miR-644a is a tumor cell-intrinsic mediator of sex bias in glioblastoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.11.584443. [PMID: 38559056 PMCID: PMC10979950 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.11.584443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Biological sex is an important risk factor for glioblastoma (GBM), with males having a higher incidence and poorer prognosis. The mechanisms for this sex bias are thought to be both tumor intrinsic and tumor extrinsic. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, have been previously linked to sex differences in various cell types and diseases, but their role in the sex bias of GBM remains unknown. Methods We leveraged previously published paired miRNA and mRNA sequencing of 39 GBM patients (22 male, 17 female) to identify sex-biased miRNAs. We further interrogated a separate single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of 110 GBM patients to examine whether differences in miRNA target gene expression were tumor cell intrinsic or tumor cell extrinsic. Results were validated in a panel of patient-derived cell models. Results We identified 10 sex-biased miRNAs (adjusted < 0.1), of which 3 were more highly expressed in males and 7 more highly expressed in females. Of these, miR-644a was higher in females, and increased expression of miR-644a target genes was significantly associated with decreased overall survival (HR 1.3, p = 0.02). Furthermore, analysis of an independent single-cell RNA sequencing dataset confirmed sex-specific expression of miR-644a target genes in tumor cells (p < 10-15). Among patient derived models, miR-644a was expressed a median of 4.8-fold higher in females compared to males. Conclusions Our findings implicate miR-644a as a candidate tumor cell-intrinsic regulator of sex-biased gene expression in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen S. Hong
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sabrina Z. Wang
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - András K. Ponti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicole Hajdari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Juyeun Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin E. Mulkearns-Hubert
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Josephine Volovetz
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristen E. Kay
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin D. Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew Dhawan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- School of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Zamanian MY, Ivraghi MS, Gupta R, Prasad KDV, Alsaab HO, Hussien BM, Ahmed H, Ramadan MF, Golmohammadi M, Nikbakht N, Oz T, Kujawska M. miR-221 and Parkinson's disease: A biomarker with therapeutic potential. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:283-297. [PMID: 38043936 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to various motor and non-motor symptoms. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms such as alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are typically about 21-25 nucleotides in length and are involved in the regulation of gene expression by binding to the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. miRNAs like miR-221 play important roles in various biological processes, including development, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. miR-221 promotes neuronal survival against oxidative stress and neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation. Additionally, the role of miR-221 in PD has been investigated in several studies. According to the results of these studies, (1) miR-221 protects PC12 cells against oxidative stress induced by 6-hydroxydopamine; (2) miR-221 prevents Bax/caspase-3 signalling activation by stopping Bim; (3) miR-221 has moderate predictive power for PD; (4) miR-221 directly targets PTEN, and PTEN over-expression eliminates the protective action of miR-221 on p-AKT expression in PC12 cells; and (5) miRNA-221 controls cell viability and apoptosis by manipulating the Akt signalling pathway in PD. This review study suggested that miR-221 has the potential to be used as a clinical biomarker for PD diagnosis and stage assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K D V Prasad
- Symbiosis Institute of Business Management (SIBM), Hyderabad, India
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Hazem Ahmed
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Nikbakht
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tuba Oz
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Mengual-Mesa M, García-Fuentes E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Rojo-Martínez G, Clemente-Postigo M, Rodriguez-Cañete A, Olveira G, El Bekay R. MiR-221-3p/222-3p Cluster Expression in Human Adipose Tissue Is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17449. [PMID: 38139277 PMCID: PMC10744326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is intricately linked with adipose tissue (AT) angiogenesis. Despite an established network of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating AT function, the specific role of angiogenic miRNAs remains less understood. The miR-221/222 cluster has recently emerged as being associated with antiangiogenic activity. However, no studies have explored its role in human AT amidst the concurrent development of obesity and T2D. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster in human AT and its regulatory network with obesity and T2D. MiR-221-3p/222-3p and their target gene (TG) expression levels were quantified through qPCR in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) AT from patients (n = 33) categorized based on BMI as normoweight (NW) and obese (OB) and by glycemic status as normoglycemic (NG) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. In silico analyses of miR-221-3p/222-3p and their TGs were conducted to identify pertinent signaling pathways. The results of a multivariate analysis, considering the simultaneous expression of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p as dependent variables, revealed statistically significant distinctions when accounting for variables such as tissue depot, obesity, sex, and T2D as independent factors. Furthermore, both miRNAs and their TGs exhibited differential expression patterns based on obesity severity, glycemic status, sex, and type of AT depot. Our in silico analysis indicated that miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster TGs predominantly participate in angiogenesis, WNT signaling, and apoptosis pathways. In conclusion, these findings underscore a promising avenue for future research, emphasizing the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster and its associated regulatory networks as potential targets for addressing obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mengual-Mesa
- Andalucía Tech, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Systems and Automation Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Eduardo García-Fuentes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodriguez-Cañete
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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Abdel-Tawab MS, Mohamed MG, Doudar NA, Rateb EE, Reyad HR, Elazeem NAA. Circulating hsa-miR-221 as a possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of diabetic nephropathy. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9793-9803. [PMID: 37831346 PMCID: PMC10676308 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is a chronic outcome of diabetes mellitus (DM), usually progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The DN pathophysiology, nevertheless, is not well-defined. Several miRNAs were reported to be either risk or protective factors in DN. METHODS, AND RESULTS The present study sought to inspect the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of hsa-miR-221 in DN. The study included 200 participants divided into four groups: Group 1 (50 patients with DN), Group 2 (50 diabetic patients without nephropathy), Group 3 (50 nondiabetic patients with CKD), and Group 4 (50 healthy subjects as a control group). Patients in groups 1 and 3 were further classified based on the presence of macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria. Hsa-miR-221 expression was measured by RT- qRT-PCR. DN patients had significantly elevated serum hsa-miR-221 levels than the other groups, while diabetic patients without nephropathy exhibited elevated levels compared to both nondiabetic patients with CKD, and the control group. The DN patients with macroalbuminuria revealed significantly higher mean values of hsa-miR-221 relative to the patients with microalbuminuria. Significant positive associations were observed in the DN group between serum hsa-miR-221 and fasting insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA IR, ACR, and BMI. The ROC curve analysis of serum hsa-miR-221 in the initial diagnosis of DN in DM revealed high specificity and sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that hsa-miR-221 has the potential to be a useful biomarker for prognostic and diagnostic purposes in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Sayed Abdel-Tawab
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Noha A Doudar
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Enas Ezzat Rateb
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hoda Ramadan Reyad
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Adli Abd Elazeem
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Dandare A, Khan MJ, Naeem A, Liaquat A. Clinical relevance of circulating non-coding RNAs in metabolic diseases: Emphasis on obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2393-2413. [PMID: 37554181 PMCID: PMC10404886 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in the regulation of several cellular processes including transcription, RNA processing and genome rearrangement. The aberrant expression of ncRNAs is associated with several pathological conditions. In this review, we focused on recent information to elucidate the role of various regulatory ncRNAs i.e., micro RNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), in metabolic diseases, e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The mechanisms by which ncRNAs participated in disease pathophysiology were also highlighted. miRNAs regulate the expression of genes at transcriptional and translational levels. circRNAs modulate the regulation of gene expression via miRNA sponging activity, interacting with RNA binding protein and polymerase II transcription regulation. lncRNAs regulate the expression of genes by acting as a protein decoy, miRNA sponging, miRNA host gene, binding to miRNA response elements (MRE) and the recruitment of transcriptional element or chromatin modifiers. We examined the role of ncRNAs in the disease pathogenesis and their potential role as molecular markers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets. We showed the involvement of ncRNAs in the onset of obesity and its progression to MetS and CVD. miRNA-192, miRNA-122, and miRNA-221 were dysregulated in all these metabolic diseases. Other ncRNAs, implicated in at least three diseases include miRNA-15a, miRNA-26, miRNA-27a, miRNA-320, and miRNA-375. Dysregulation of ncRNAs increased the risk of development of DM and MetS and its progression to CVD in obese individuals. Hence, these molecules are potential targets to arrest or delay the progression of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Dandare
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840104, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Jawad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Naeem
- Ministry of Public Health, POB42, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Afrose Liaquat
- Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
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Ramírez-Solano MA, Córdova EJ, Orozco L, Tejero ME. Plasma MicroRNAs Related to Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Women. Lifestyle Genom 2023; 16:165-176. [PMID: 37708875 DOI: 10.1159/000534041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of abnormalities related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs associated with different phenotypes, some of them integrating the MetS. The aim of the study was to compare the c-miRNAs profile in plasma between women with MetS and controls and explore their possible association with dysregulation of metabolic pathways. METHODS The study was conducted in two phases. At the screening phase, miRNA composition in fasting plasma was compared between 8 participants with MetS and 10 healthy controls, using microarray technology. The validation phase included the analysis by qRT-PCR of 10 selected c-miRNAs in an independent sample (n = 29). RESULTS We found 21 c-miRNAs differentially expressed between cases and controls. The concentration in plasma of the c-miRNAs hsa-miR-1260a, hsa-miR-4514, and hsa-miR-4687-5p were also correlated with risk factors for CVD. Differences of hsa-miR-1260a between cases and controls were validated using qRT-PCR (fold-change = 7.0; p = 0.003). CONCLUSION The signature of plasma c-miRNAs differed between women with MetS and controls. The identified miRNAs regulate pathways related to the MetS such as insulin resistance and adipokine activity. The role of c-miR-1260a in the MetS remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Adelina Ramírez-Solano
- Laboratorio de Nutrigenómica y Nutrigenética, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Maestría en Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio J Córdova
- Consorcio Oncogenómica y Enfermedades Óseas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Complejas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Elizabeth Tejero
- Laboratorio de Nutrigenómica y Nutrigenética, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
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Infante-Menéndez J, López-Pastor AR, González-Illanes T, González-López P, Huertas-Lárez R, Rey E, González-Rodríguez Á, García-Monzón C, Patil NP, de Céniga MV, Baker AB, Gómez-Hernández A, Escribano O. Increased let-7d-5p in non-alcoholic fatty liver promotes insulin resistance and is a potential blood biomarker for diagnosis. Liver Int 2023; 43:1714-1728. [PMID: 37057737 PMCID: PMC10523911 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The molecular mechanisms driving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are poorly understood; however, microRNAs might play a key role in these processes. We hypothesize that let-7d-5p could contribute to the pathophysiology of NAFLD and serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker. METHODS We evaluated let-7d-5p levels and its targets in liver biopsies from a cross-sectional study including patients with NAFLD and healthy donors, and from a mouse model of NAFLD. Moreover, the induction of let-7d-5p expression by fatty acids was evaluated in vitro. Further, we overexpressed let-7d-5p in vitro to corroborate the results observed in vivo. Circulating let-7d-5p and its potential as a NAFLD biomarker was determined in isolated extracellular vesicles from human plasma by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that hepatic let-7d-5p was significantly up-regulated in patients with steatosis, and this increase correlated with obesity and a decreased expression of AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), IGF-I receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (INSR). These alterations were corroborated in a NAFLD mouse model. In vitro, fatty acids increased let-7d-5p expression, and its overexpression decreased AKT, IGF-IR and IR protein expression. Furthermore, let-7d-5p hindered AKT phosphorylation in vitro after insulin stimulation. Finally, circulating let-7d-5p significantly decreased in steatosis patients and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses confirmed its utility as a diagnostic biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the emerging role of let-7d-5p as a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD since its overexpression impairs hepatic insulin signalling, and also, as a novel non-invasive biomarker for NAFLD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Infante-Menéndez
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea R. López-Pastor
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara González-Illanes
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula González-López
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Huertas-Lárez
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Rey
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzón
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikita P. Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Melina Vega de Céniga
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aaron B. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Almudena Gómez-Hernández
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Escribano
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
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Karuga FF, Jaromirska J, Malicki M, Sochal M, Szmyd B, Białasiewicz P, Strzelecki D, Gabryelska A. The role of microRNAs in pathophysiology and diagnostics of metabolic complications in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1208886. [PMID: 37547923 PMCID: PMC10403239 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1208886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders, which is characterized by recurrent apneas and/or hypopneas occurring during sleep due to upper airway obstruction. Among a variety of health consequences, OSA patients are particularly susceptible to developing metabolic complications, such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type 2. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as epigenetic modulators are promising particles in both understanding the pathophysiology of OSA and the prediction of OSA complications. This review describes the role of miRNAs in the development of OSA-associated metabolic complications. Moreover, it summarizes the usefulness of miRNAs as biomarkers in predicting the aforementioned OSA complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Franciszek Karuga
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Jaromirska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Malicki
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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10
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Spinetti G, Mutoli M, Greco S, Riccio F, Ben-Aicha S, Kenneweg F, Jusic A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nossent AY, Novella S, Kararigas G, Thum T, Emanueli C, Devaux Y, Martelli F. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes: role of non-coding RNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37226245 PMCID: PMC10206598 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by insulin defect or impairment, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Patients with diabetes experience a state of chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia resulting in damage to the vasculature, leading to micro- and macro-vascular diseases. These conditions are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Several classes of leukocytes have been implicated in diabetic cardiovascular impairment. Although the molecular pathways through which diabetes elicits an inflammatory response have attracted significant attention, how they contribute to altering cardiovascular homeostasis is still incompletely understood. In this respect, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a still largely under-investigated class of transcripts that may play a fundamental role. This review article gathers the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular cells in the context of diabetic complications, highlighting the influence of biological sex in such mechanisms and exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and targets for treatments. The discussion closes by offering an overview of the ncRNAs involved in the increased cardiovascular risk suffered by patients with diabetes facing Sars-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Mutoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Franziska Kenneweg
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Is the microRNA-221/222 Cluster Ushering in a New Age of Cardiovascular Diseases? COR ET VASA 2023. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2022.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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12
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Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension forms the first and most severe of the 5 categories of pulmonary hypertension. Disease pathogenesis is driven by progressive remodeling of peripheral pulmonary arteries, caused by the excessive proliferation of vascular wall cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, and perivascular inflammation. Compelling evidence from animal models suggests endothelial cell dysfunction is a key initial trigger of pulmonary vascular remodeling, which is characterised by hyperproliferation and early apoptosis followed by enrichment of apoptosis-resistant populations. Dysfunctional pulmonary arterial endothelial cells lose their ability to produce vasodilatory mediators, together leading to augmented pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell responses, increased pulmonary vascular pressures and right ventricular afterload, and progressive right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. It is recognized that a range of abnormal cellular molecular signatures underpin the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension and are enhanced by loss-of-function mutations in the BMPR2 gene, the most common genetic cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated with worse disease prognosis. Widespread metabolic abnormalities are observed in the heart, pulmonary vasculature, and systemic tissues, and may underpin heterogeneity in responsivity to treatment. Metabolic abnormalities include hyperglycolytic reprogramming, mitochondrial dysfunction, aberrant polyamine and sphingosine metabolism, reduced insulin sensitivity, and defective iron handling. This review critically discusses published mechanisms linking metabolic abnormalities with dysfunctional BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) signaling; hypothesized mechanistic links requiring further validation; and their relevance to pulmonary arterial hypertension pathogenesis and the development of potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona Cuthbertson
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Heart and Lung Research Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Heart and Lung Research Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Caruso
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Heart and Lung Research Institute, United Kingdom
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Links between Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension: The Relationship with the Current Antidiabetic Drugs. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010087. [PMID: 36677012 PMCID: PMC9863091 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension poses a significant burden in the general population, being responsible for increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, leading to adverse outcomes. Moreover, the association of hypertension with dyslipidaemia, obesity, and insulin resistance, also known as metabolic syndrome, further increases the overall cardiovascular risk of an individual. The complex pathophysiological overlap between the components of the metabolic syndrome may in part explain how novel antidiabetic drugs express pleiotropic effects. Taking into consideration that a significant proportion of patients do not achieve target blood pressure values or glucose levels, more efforts need to be undertaken to increase awareness among patients and physicians. Novel drugs, such as incretin-based therapies and renal glucose reuptake inhibitors, show promising results in decreasing cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic syndrome. The effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors are expressed at different levels, including renoprotection through glucosuria, natriuresis and decreased intraglomerular pressure, metabolic effects such as enhanced insulin sensitivity, cardiac protection through decreased myocardial oxidative stress and, to a lesser extent, decreased blood pressure values. These pleiotropic effects are also observed after treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, positively influencing the cardiovascular outcomes of patients with metabolic syndrome. The initial combination of the two classes may be the best choice in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and multiple cardiovascular risk factors because of their complementary mechanisms of action. In addition, the novel mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists show significant cardio-renal benefits, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Overall, the key to better control of hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome is to consider targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms, using a combination of the different therapeutic agents, as well as drastic lifestyle changes. This article will briefly summarize the association of hypertension with metabolic syndrome, as well as take into account the influence of antidiabetic drugs on blood pressure control.
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14
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Mestry C, Ashavaid TF, Shah SA. Key methodological challenges in detecting circulating miRNAs in different biofluids. Ann Clin Biochem 2023; 60:14-26. [PMID: 36113172 DOI: 10.1177/00045632221129778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The technological advancement in diagnostic techniques has immensely improved the capability of predicting disease progression. Yet, there is a great interest in developing newer biomarkers that can enhance disease risk prediction thereby minimising the associated morbidity and mortality. Circulating miRNAs, a non-coding RNA molecule, are critical regulators in the pathophysiology of various complex multifactorial diseases. In recent years, circulating miRNAs have been enormously studied and are considered as an emerging biomarker due to their easy accessibility, stability, and detection by sequence-specific amplification methods. However, there is a distinct lack of consensus regarding the preanalytical factors such as preferred sample selection, methodological aspects, etc that may independently or together influence the detection of circulating miRNAs resulting in erroneous expression profiles. Therefore, the present review makes an attempt to highlight the various pre-analytical and analytical factors that can potentially influence the circulating miRNA levels. Literature on circulating miRNA's stability, processing and quantitation in different biofluids along with the effect of various controllable and uncontrollable factors influencing circulating miRNA expression have been summarised in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Mestry
- Research Laboratories, 29537P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Tester F Ashavaid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Swarup Av Shah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
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15
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El-Daly SM, Gouhar SA, Abd Elmageed ZY. Circulating microRNAs as Reliable Tumor Biomarkers: Opportunities and Challenges Facing Clinical Application. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:35-51. [PMID: 35809898 PMCID: PMC9827506 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of human malignancies, and cells have the ability to secrete these molecules into extracellular compartments. Thus, cell-free miRNAs (circulating miRNAs) can potentially be used as biomarkers to evaluate pathophysiological changes. Although circulating miRNAs have been proposed as potential noninvasive tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy, their routine application in the clinic is far from being achieved. This review focuses on the recent progress regarding the value of circulating miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers, with specific consideration of their relevant clinical applications. In addition, we provide an in-depth analysis of the technical challenges that impact the assessment of circulating miRNAs. We also highlight the significance of integrating circulating miRNAs with the standard laboratory biomarkers to boost sensitivity and specificity. The current status of circulating miRNAs in clinical trials as tumor biomarkers is also covered. These insights and general guidelines will assist researchers in experimental practice to ensure quality standards and repeatability, thus improving future studies on circulating miRNAs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our review will boost the knowledge behind the inconsistencies and contradictory results observed among studies investigating circulating miRNAs. It will also provide a solid platform for better-planned strategies and standardized techniques to optimize the assessment of circulating cell-free miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
| | - Shaimaa A Gouhar
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
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16
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Circulating microRNAs Showed Specific Responses according to Metabolic Syndrome Components and Sex of Adults from a Population-Based Study. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010002. [PMID: 36676927 PMCID: PMC9861536 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate several metabolic pathways and are potential biomarkers for early risk prediction of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our aim was to evaluate the levels of 21 miRNAs in plasma according to MetS components and sex in adults. We employed a cross-sectional study of 192 adults aged 20 to 59 years old from the 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo with Focus in Nutrition. Data showed reduced levels of miR-16 and miR-363 in women with MetS; however, men with one or more risk factors showed higher levels of miR-let-7c and miR-30a. Individuals with raised waist circumference showed higher levels of miR-let-7c, miR-122, miR-30a, miR-146a, miR-15a, miR-30d and miR-222. Individuals with raised blood pressure had higher miR-30a, miR-122 and miR-30a levels. Plasma levels of four miRNAs (miR-16, miR-363, miR-375 and miR-486) were lower in individuals with low HDL-cholesterol concentrations. In addition, plasma levels of five miRNAs (miR-122, miR-139, miR-let-7c, miR-126 and miR-30a) were increased in individuals with high fasting plasma glucose and/or insulin resistance. Our results suggest that the pattern of miRNA levels in plasma may be a useful early biomarker of cardiometabolic components of MetS and highlight the sex differences in the plasma levels of miRNAs in individuals with MetS.
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Ma L, Gilani A, Yi Q, Tang L. MicroRNAs as Mediators of Adipose Thermogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Obesity. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 36421371 PMCID: PMC9687157 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem worldwide, associated with an increased risk of multiple chronic diseases. The thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) correlates with leanness in adults. Understanding the mechanisms behind BAT activation and the process of white fat "browning" has important implications for developing new treatments to combat obesity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small transcriptional regulators that control gene expression in various tissues, including adipose tissue. Recent studies show that miRNAs are involved in adipogenesis and adipose tissue thermogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the role of miRNAs in adipocyte thermogenesis and obesity. The potential for miRNA-based therapies for obesity and recommendations for future research are highlighted, which may help provide new targets for treating obesity and obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunkun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ankit Gilani
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646099, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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18
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Brandão-Lima PN, de Carvalho GB, Payolla TB, Sarti FM, Rogero MM. Circulating microRNA Related to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:1044. [PMID: 36355127 PMCID: PMC9692352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA regulates multiple pathways in inflammatory response, adipogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism, which are involved in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, this systematic review aimed at synthesizing the evidence on the relationships between circulating microRNA and risk factors for MetS. The systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020168100) and included 24 case-control studies evaluating microRNA expression in serum/plasma of individuals ≥5 years old. Most of the studies focused on 13 microRNAs with higher frequency and there were robust connections between miR-146a and miR-122 with risk factors for MetS, based on average weighted degree. In addition, there was an association of miR-222 with adiposity, lipid metabolism, glycemic metabolism, and chronic inflammation and an association of miR-126, miR-221, and miR-423 with adiposity, lipid, and glycemic metabolism. A major part of circulating microRNA was upregulated in individuals with risk factors for MetS, showing correlations with glycemic and lipid markers and body adiposity. Circulating microRNA showed distinct expression profiles according to the clinical condition of individuals, being particularly linked with increased body fat. However, the exploration of factors associated with variations in microRNA expression was limited by the variety of microRNAs investigated by risk factor in diverse studies identified in this systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula N. Brandão-Lima
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, 715 Dr Arnaldo Avenue, Pacaembu, Sao Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabrielli B. de Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, 715 Dr Arnaldo Avenue, Pacaembu, Sao Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanyara B. Payolla
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, 715 Dr Arnaldo Avenue, Pacaembu, Sao Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia M. Sarti
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, 1000 Arlindo Bettio Avenue, Sao Paulo 03828-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M. Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, 715 Dr Arnaldo Avenue, Pacaembu, Sao Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
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19
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Hiskens MI, Mengistu TS, Li KM, Fenning AS. Systematic Review of the Diagnostic and Clinical Utility of Salivary microRNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13160. [PMID: 36361944 PMCID: PMC9654991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an urgent priority, as there are currently no TBI biomarkers to assess the severity of injury, to predict outcomes, and to monitor recovery. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) including microRNAs can be measured in saliva following TBI and have been investigated as potential diagnostic markers. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the diagnostic or prognostic ability of microRNAs extracted from saliva in human subjects. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched for studies that examined the association of saliva microRNAs in TBI. Original studies of any design involving diagnostic capacity of salivary microRNAs for TBI were selected for data extraction. Nine studies met inclusion criteria, with a heterogeneous population involving athletes and hospital patients, children and adults. The studies identified a total of 188 differentially expressed microRNAs, with 30 detected in multiple studies. MicroRNAs in multiple studies involved expression change bidirectionality. The study design and methods involved significant heterogeneity that precluded meta-analysis. Early data indicates salivary microRNAs may assist with TBI diagnosis. Further research with consistent methods and larger patient populations is required to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of saliva microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I. Hiskens
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, 475 Bridge Road, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
| | - Tesfaye S. Mengistu
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, 475 Bridge Road, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, 266 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Katy M. Li
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Fenning
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
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20
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Vergara N, de Mier MVPR, Rodelo-Haad C, Revilla-González G, Membrives C, Díaz-Tocados JM, Martínez-Moreno JM, Torralbo AI, Herencia C, Rodríguez-Ortiz ME, López-Baltanás R, Richards WG, Felsenfeld A, Almadén Y, Martin-Malo A, Ureña J, Santamaría R, Soriano S, Rodríguez M, Muñoz-Castañeda JR. The direct effect of fibroblast growth factor 23 on vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype and function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:322-343. [PMID: 35867864 PMCID: PMC9923714 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, increased levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with cardiovascular mortality. The relationship between FGF23 and heart hypertrophy has been documented, however, it is not known whether FGF23 has an effect on vasculature. Vascular smooth muscle cells VSMCs may exhibit different phenotypes; our hypothesis is that FGF23 favours a switch from a contractile to synthetic phenotype that may cause vascular dysfunction. Our objective was to determine whether FGF23 may directly control a change in VSMC phenotype. METHODS This study includes in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo experiments and evaluation of patients with CKD stages 2-3 studying a relationship between FGF23 and vascular dysfunction. RESULTS In vitro studies show that high levels of FGF23, by acting on its specific receptor FGFR1 and Erk1/2, causes a change in the phenotype of VSMCs from contractile to synthetic. This change is mediated by a downregulation of miR-221/222, which augments the expression of MAP3K2 and PAK1. miR-221/222 transfections recovered the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. Infusion of recombinant FGF23 to rats increased vascular wall thickness, with VSMCs showing a synthetic phenotype with a reduction of miR-221 expression. Ex-vivo studies on aortic rings demonstrate also that high FGF23 increases arterial stiffening. In CKD 2-3 patients, elevation of FGF23 was associated with increased pulse wave velocity and reduced plasma levels of miR-221/222. CONCLUSION In VSMCs, high levels of FGF23, through the downregulation of miR-221/222, causes a change to a synthetic phenotype. This change in VSMCs increases arterial stiffening and impairs vascular function, which might ultimately worsen cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gonzalo Revilla-González
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Departemento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Membrives
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Díaz-Tocados
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julio M Martínez-Moreno
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana I Torralbo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Herencia
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo López-Baltanás
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Arnold Felsenfeld
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yolanda Almadén
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,Internal Medicine Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain,Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre consortium for the area of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin-Malo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain,Nephrology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain,Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, and the European Uremic Toxins group
| | - Juan Ureña
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Departemento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Sagrario Soriano
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain,Nephrology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain,Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, and the European Uremic Toxins group
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21
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Vaura F, Palmu J, Aittokallio J, Kauko A, Niiranen T. Genetic, Molecular, and Cellular Determinants of Sex-Specific Cardiovascular Traits. Circ Res 2022; 130:611-631. [PMID: 35175841 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well-known sex dimorphism in cardiovascular disease traits, the exact genetic, molecular, and cellular underpinnings of these differences are not well understood. A growing body of evidence currently points at the links between cardiovascular disease traits and the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, and metabolome. However, the sex-specific differences in these links remain largely unstudied due to challenges in bioinformatic methods, inadequate statistical power, analytic costs, and paucity of valid experimental models. This review article provides an overview of the literature on sex differences in genetic architecture, heritability, epigenetic changes, transcriptomic signatures, and metabolomic profiles in relation to cardiovascular disease traits. We also review the literature on the associations between sex hormones and cardiovascular disease traits and discuss the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, focusing on human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Vaura
- Department of Internal Medicine (F.V., J.P., A.K., T.N.), University of Turku, Finland
| | - Joonatan Palmu
- Department of Internal Medicine (F.V., J.P., A.K., T.N.), University of Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Aittokallio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (J.A.), University of Turku, Finland.,Division of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine (J.A.), Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Anni Kauko
- Department of Internal Medicine (F.V., J.P., A.K., T.N.), University of Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Internal Medicine (F.V., J.P., A.K., T.N.), University of Turku, Finland.,Division of Medicine (T.N.), Turku University Hospital, Finland.,Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (T.N.)
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22
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Metabolic Syndrome: Updates on Pathophysiology and Management in 2021. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020786. [PMID: 35054972 PMCID: PMC8775991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 192.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) forms a cluster of metabolic dysregulations including insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, central obesity, and hypertension. The pathogenesis of MetS encompasses multiple genetic and acquired entities that fall under the umbrella of insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation. If left untreated, MetS is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Given that CVDs constitute by far the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, it has become essential to investigate the role played by MetS in this context to reduce the heavy burden of the disease. As such, and while MetS relatively constitutes a novel clinical entity, the extent of research about the disease has been exponentially growing in the past few decades. However, many aspects of this clinical entity are still not completely understood, and many questions remain unanswered to date. In this review, we provide a historical background and highlight the epidemiology of MetS. We also discuss the current and latest knowledge about the histopathology and pathophysiology of the disease. Finally, we summarize the most recent updates about the management and the prevention of this clinical syndrome.
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23
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Kraczkowska W, Stachowiak L, Pławski A, Jagodziński PP. Circulating miRNA as potential biomarkers for diabetes mellitus type 2: should we focus on searching for sex differences? J Appl Genet 2022; 63:293-303. [PMID: 34984663 PMCID: PMC8979931 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00678-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs are non-coding molecules, approximately 22 nucleotides in length, that regulate various cellular processes. A growing body of evidence has suggested that their dysregulated expression is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Early onset of this chronic and complex metabolic disorder is frequently undiagnosed, leading to the development of severe diabetic complications. Notably, DM2 prevalence is rising globally and an increasing number of articles demonstrate that DM2 susceptibility, development, and progression differ between males and females. Therefore, this paper discusses the role of microRNAs as a source of novel diagnostic biomarkers for DM2 and aims to underline the importance of sex disparity in biomarkers research. Taking into account an urgent need for the development of sex-specific diagnostic strategies in DM2, recent results have shown that circulating miRNAs are promising candidates for sex-biased biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kraczkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Science, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lucyna Stachowiak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Science, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pławski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Science, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland.
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24
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Cosandey J, Hamza E, Gerber V, Ramseyer A, Leeb T, Jagannathan V, Blaszczyk K, Unger L. Diagnostic and prognostic potential of eight whole blood microRNAs for equine sarcoid disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261076. [PMID: 34941894 PMCID: PMC8699634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been proposed as biomarkers for equine sarcoids, the most prevalent equine skin tumors globally. This study served to validate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of whole blood microRNAs identified in a previous study for long-term equine sarcoid diagnosis and outcome prediction. Based on findings of a clinical examination at the age of 3 years and a follow-up following a further 5–12 years, 32 Franches-Montagnes and 45 Swiss Warmblood horses were assigned to four groups: horses with regression (n = 19), progression (n = 9), new occurrences of sarcoid lesions (n = 19) and tumor-free control horses (n = 30). The expression levels for eight microRNAs (eca-miR-127, eca-miR-432, eca-miR-24, eca-miR-125a-5p, eca-miR-134, eca-miR-379, eca-miR-381, eca-miR-382) were analyzed through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction in whole blood samples collected on initial examination. Associations of sex, breed, diagnosis, and prognosis with microRNA expression levels were examined using multivariable analysis of variance. Sex and breed influenced the expression level of five and two microRNAs, respectively. Eca-miR-127 allowed discrimination between sarcoid-affected and tumor-free horses. No variation in microRNA expression was found when comparing horses with sarcoid regression and progression. Expression levels of eca-miR-125a-5p and eca-miR-432 varied in male horses that developed sarcoids throughout the study period in comparison to male control horses. While none of the investigated miRNAs was validated for predicting the prognosis of sarcoid regression / progression within young horses with this condition, two miRNAs demonstrated potential to predict if young male (though not female) tumor-free horse can develop sarcoids within the following years. Sex- and breed- biased miRNAs exist within the equine species and have an impact on biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Cosandey
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eman Hamza
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Vinzenz Gerber
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Ramseyer
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Klaudia Blaszczyk
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Unger
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
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25
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MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Pituitary Adenomas. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7030055. [PMID: 34564317 PMCID: PMC8482103 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are one of the most common lesions of intracranial neoplasms, occurring in approximately 15% of the general population. They are typically benign, although some adenomas show aggressive behavior, exhibiting rapid growth, drug resistance, and invasion of surrounding tissues. Despite ongoing improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, late first diagnosis is common, and patients with PAs are prone to relapse. Therefore, earlier diagnosis and prevention of recurrence are of importance to improve patient care. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding single stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. An increasing number of studies indicate that a deregulation of their expression patterns is related with pituitary tumorigenesis, suggesting that these small molecules could play a critical role in contributing to tumorigenesis and the onset of these tumors by acting either as oncosuppressors or as oncogenes, depending on the biological context. This paper provides an overview of miRNAs involved in PA tumorigenesis, which might serve as novel potential diagnostic and prognostic non-invasive biomarkers, and for the future development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for PAs.
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26
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Garai K, Adam Z, Herczeg R, Banfai K, Gyebrovszki A, Gyenesei A, Pongracz JE, Wilhelm M, Kvell K. Physical Activity as a Preventive Lifestyle Intervention Acts Through Specific Exosomal miRNA Species-Evidence From Human Short- and Long-Term Pilot Studies. Front Physiol 2021; 12:658218. [PMID: 34408656 PMCID: PMC8365358 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.658218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise initiates systemic adaptation to promote health and prevent various lifestyle-related chronic diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that circulating exosomes mediate some of the beneficial effects of exercise via the transfer of microRNAs between tissues. Yet to date, a comprehensive profile of the exosomal miRNA (exomiR) content released following short-term (0.5 year in this study) and long-term (25 + years in this study) regular bouts of exercise is still lacking. However, a better understanding of these miRNA species would assist in clarifying the role of regular exercise at the molecular level in the prevention of chronic diseases. In the present pilot studies we analyzed serum exomiR expression in healthy young, sedentary participants (n = 14; age: 23 ± 2 years) at baseline and following a half year-long moderate-intensity regular exercise training. We also analyzed serum exomiR expression in older, healthy trained participants (seniors, n = 11; age: 62 ± 6 years) who engaged in endurance activities for at least 25 years. Following the isolation and enrichment of serum exosomes using Total Exosome Isolation Reagent (TEI) their exomiR levels were determined using the amplification-free Nanostring platform. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the majority of exomiRs overlap for short-term (0.5 year in this study) and long-term (25 + years in this study) regular bouts of exercise. The top 12 significantly altered exomiRs (let-7a-5p; let-7g-5p; miR-130a-3p; miR-142-3p; miR-150-5p; miR-15a-5p; miR-15b-5p; miR-199a-3p; miR-199b-3p; miR-223-3p; miR-23a-3p, and miR-451a-3p) were used for further evaluation. According to KEGG pathway analysis a large portion of the exomiRs target chronic diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, and viral infections. Our results provide evidence that exosomal miRNA modulation is the molecular mechanism through which regular exercise prevents various chronic diseases. The possibility of using such exomiRs to target diseases is of great interest. While further validation is needed, our comprehensive exomiR study presents, for the first time, the disease-preventive molecular pattern of both short and long-term regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Garai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Adam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Robert Herczeg
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Banfai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Adam Gyebrovszki
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit E. Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marta Wilhelm
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Kvell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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27
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Iacomino G, Lauria F, Russo P, Venezia A, Iannaccone N, Marena P, Ahrens W, De Henauw S, Molnár D, Eiben G, Foraita R, Hebestreit A, Kourides G, Moreno LA, Veidebaum T, Siani A. The association of circulating miR-191 and miR-375 expression levels with markers of insulin resistance in overweight children: an exploratory analysis of the I.Family Study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2021; 16:10. [PMID: 34243726 PMCID: PMC8272322 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-021-00689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background In recent years, the exciting emergence of circulating miRNAs as stable, reproducible, and consistent among individuals has opened a promising research opportunity for the detection of non-invasive biomarkers. A firm connection has been established between circulating miRNAs and glycaemic as well as metabolic homeostasis, showing that levels of specific miRNAs vary under different physio-pathological conditions. Objective In this pilot study, we investigated the expression of candidate miRNAs, hsa-miR-191-3p and hsa-miR-375, in relation to biomarkers associated with insulin sensitivity in a subgroup (n=58) of subjects participating to the European I.Family Study, a project aimed to assess the determinants of eating behaviour in children and adolescents and related health outcomes. The sample included overweight/obese children/adolescents since overweight/obesity is a known risk factor for impaired glucose homeostasis and metabolic disorders. Biological targets of candidate miRNAs were also explored in silico. Results We observed a significant association of the two miRNAs and early changes in glycaemic homeostasis, independent of covariates including country of origin, age, BMI z-score, puberty status, highest educational level of parents, total energy intake, energy from fats, energy from carbohydrates, and energy from proteins. Conclusion Identification of circulating miRNAs associated with insulin impairment may offer novel approaches of assessing early variations in insulin sensitivity and provide evidence about the molecular mechanisms connected to early changes in glycaemic homeostasis. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN62310987. Retrospectively registered, http://isrctn.com/ISRCTN62310987 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12263-021-00689-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Iacomino
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy.
| | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Antonella Venezia
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Nunzia Iannaccone
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marena
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gabriele Eiben
- Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 3, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Giannis Kourides
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, ave, #205 2015, Strovolos, 138, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Luis A Moreno
- University of Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Hiiu 42, 11619, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Alfonso Siani
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
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28
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Kabzinski J, Maczynska M, Majsterek I. MicroRNA as a Novel Biomarker in the Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:844. [PMID: 34198889 PMCID: PMC8228566 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with 890,000 new cases and 450,000 deaths in 2018, and although the survival statistics for some patient groups are improving, there is still an urgent need to find a fast and reliable biomarker that allows early diagnosis. This niche can be filled by microRNA, small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, which are expressed in response to specific events in the body. This article presents the potential use of microRNAs in the diagnosis of HNSCC, compares the advances in this field to other diseases, especially other cancers, and discusses the detailed use of miRNA as a biomarker in profiling and predicting the treatment outcome with radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Potential problems and difficulties related to the development of this promising technology, and areas on which future research should be focused in order to overcome these difficulties, were also indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, al. Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Łódź, Poland; (J.K.); (M.M.)
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29
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Ramzan F, Vickers MH, Mithen RF. Epigenetics, microRNA and Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095047. [PMID: 34068765 PMCID: PMC8126218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to the DNA chemistry changes that result in the modification of gene transcription and translation independently of the underlying DNA coding sequence. Epigenetic modifications are reported to involve various molecular mechanisms, including classical epigenetic changes affecting DNA methylation and histone modifications and small RNA-mediated processes, particularly that of microRNAs. Epigenetic changes are reversible and are closely interconnected. They are recognised to play a critical role as mediators of gene regulation, and any alteration in these mechanisms has been identified to mediate various pathophysiological conditions. Moreover, genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including dietary alterations, lifestyle or metabolic status, are identified to interact with the human epigenome, highlighting the importance of epigenetic factors as underlying processes in the aetiology of various diseases such as MetS. This review will reflect on how both the classical and microRNA-regulated epigenetic changes are associated with the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. We will then focus on the various aspects of epigenetic-based strategies used to modify MetS outcomes, including epigenetic diet, epigenetic drugs, epigenome editing tools and miRNA-based therapies.
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30
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Tsamou M, Vrijens K, Wang C, Winckelmans E, Neven KY, Madhloum N, de Kok TM, Nawrot TS. Genome-wide microRNA expression analysis in human placenta reveals sex-specific patterns: an ENVIR ONAGE birth cohort study. Epigenetics 2021; 16:373-388. [PMID: 32892695 PMCID: PMC7993149 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1803467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in microRNAs (miRNAs) as they are of utmost importance in gene regulation at the posttranscriptional level. Sex-related susceptibility for non-communicable diseases later in life could originate in early life. Until now, no data on sex-specific miRNA expression are available for the placenta. Therefore, we investigated the difference by sex of newborn's miRNA expression in human placental tissue. Within the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, miRNA and mRNA expression profiling was performed in 60 placentae (50% boys) using Agilent (8 × 60 K) microarrays. The distribution of chromosome locations was studied and pathway analysis of the identified sex-specific miRNAs in the placenta was carried out. Of the total 2558 miRNAs on the array, 597 miRNAs were expressed in over 70% of the samples and were included for further analyses. A total of 142 miRNAs were significantly (FDR<0.05) associated with the newborn's sex. In newborn girls, 76 miRNAs had higher expression (hsa-miR-361-5p as most significant) and 66 miRNAs had lower expression (hsa-miR-4646-5p as most significant) than in newborn boys. In the same study population, placental differentially expressed genes by sex were also identified using a whole genome approach. The placental gene expression revealed 27 differentially expressed genes by comparing girls to boys. Ultimately, we studied the miRNA-RNA interactome and identified 14 miRNA-mRNA interactions as sex-specific. Sex differences in placental m(i)RNA expression may reveal sex-specific patterns already present during pregnancy, which may influence physiological conditions in early or later life. These molecular processes might play a role in sex-specific disease susceptibility in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsamou
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Karen Vrijens
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ellen Winckelmans
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kristof Y. Neven
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Narjes Madhloum
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Theo M. de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW Institute of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health, Environment & Health Unit, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Howe CG, Foley HB, Kennedy EM, Eckel SP, Chavez TA, Faham D, Grubbs BH, Al-Marayati L, Lerner D, Suglia S, Bastain TM, Marsit CJ, Breton CV. Extracellular vesicle microRNA in early versus late pregnancy with birth outcomes in the MADRES study. Epigenetics 2021; 17:269-285. [PMID: 33734019 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1899887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating miRNA may contribute to the development of adverse birth outcomes. However, few studies have investigated extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNA, which play important roles in intercellular communication, or compared miRNA at multiple time points in pregnancy. In the current study, 800 miRNA were profiled for EVs from maternal plasma collected in early (median: 12.5 weeks) and late (median: 31.8 weeks) pregnancy from 156 participants in the MADRES Study, a health disparity pregnancy cohort. Associations between miRNA and birth weight, birth weight for gestational age (GA), and GA at birth were examined using covariate-adjusted robust linear regression. Differences by infant sex and maternal BMI were also investigated. Late pregnancy measures of 13 miRNA were associated with GA at birth (PFDR<0.050). Negative associations were observed for eight miRNA (miR-4454+ miR-7975, miR-4516, let-7b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-15a-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-19b-3p) and positive associations for five miRNA (miR-212-3p, miR-584-5p, miR-608, miR-210-3p, miR-188-5p). Predicted target genes were enriched (PFDR<0.050) in pathways involved in organogenesis and placental development. An additional miRNA (miR-107), measured in late pregnancy, was positively associated with GA at birth in infants born to obese women (PFDR for BMI interaction = 0.011). In primary analyses, the associations between early pregnancy miRNA and birth outcomes were not statistically significant (PFDR≥0.05). However, sex-specific associations were observed for early pregnancy measures of 37 miRNA and GA at birth (PFDR for interactions<0.050). None of the miRNA were associated with fetal growth measures (PFDR≥0.050). Our findings suggest that EV miRNA in both early and late pregnancy may influence gestational duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Helen B Foley
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Kennedy
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Chavez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dema Faham
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brendan H Grubbs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laila Al-Marayati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Eisner Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Shakira Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Peripheral Blood miRome Identified miR-155 as Potential Biomarker of MetS and Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031468. [PMID: 33540559 PMCID: PMC7867145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored circulating miRNAs and target genes associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiometabolic risk in obese patients. Small-RNA sequencing was used to assess the peripheral blood miRNome of 12 obese subjects (6 MetS and 6 non-MetS). Differentially expressed miRNAs and target genes were further analyzed by qPCR in a larger sample of obese patients (48 MetS and 32 non-MetS). miRNA:mRNA interactions were studied using in silico tools. miRNome analysis identified 10 downregulated miRNAs in MetS compared to non-Met patients (p < 0.05). In silico studies revealed three miRNAs (miR-155, miR-181a, and let-7a) and their predictive targets (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta-CEBPB, KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase-KRAS and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1-SOCS1) with a potential role in the insulin receptor signaling pathway. miR-155 expression was reduced and CEBPB mRNA levels were increased in MetS patients (p < 0.05), and these effects were correlated with the number of MetS diagnostic criteria (p < 0.05). Increased HOMA-IR (>7.6) was associated with low miR-155 levels, high CEBPB expression, and serum hsCRP (p < 0.05). miR-155 was negatively correlated with CEBPB, HOMA-IR, and plasma fibrinogen, and positively correlated with serum adiponectin (p < 0.05). Downregulation of circulating miR-155 is associated with insulin resistance, poor glycemic control, and increased MetS-related cardiometabolic risk, and these effects are potentially mediated by interaction with CEBPB.
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Donati S, Ciuffi S, Marini F, Palmini G, Miglietta F, Aurilia C, Brandi ML. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: The Potential Role of microRNAs in the Management of the Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207592. [PMID: 33066578 PMCID: PMC7589704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare inherited tumor syndrome, characterized by the development of multiple neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in a single patient. Major manifestations include primary hyperparathyroidism, gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas. In addition to these main NETs, various combinations of more than 20 endocrine and non-endocrine tumors have been described in MEN1 patients. Despite advances in diagnostic techniques and treatment options, which are generally similar to those of sporadic tumors, patients with MEN1 have a poor life expectancy, and the need for targeted therapies is strongly felt. MEN1 is caused by germline heterozygous inactivating mutations of the MEN1 gene, which encodes menin, a tumor suppressor protein. The lack of a direct genotype–phenotype correlation does not permit the determination of the exact clinical course of the syndrome. One of the possible causes of this lack of association could be ascribed to epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), single-stranded non-coding small RNAs that negatively regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Some miRNAs, and their deregulation, have been associated with MEN1 tumorigenesis. Recently, an extracellular class of miRNAs has also been identified (c-miRNAs); variations in their levels showed association with various human diseases, including tumors. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview on the involvement of miRNAs in MEN1 tumor development, to be used as possible targets for novel molecular therapies. The potential role of c-miRNAs as future non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of MEN1 will be discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Simone Ciuffi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Francesca Marini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Francesca Miglietta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Cinzia Aurilia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
- Unit of Bone and Mineral Diseases, University Hospital of Florence, Largo Palagi 1, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie Dell’Osso (FIRMO Onlus), 50141 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-7946304
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Aljaibeji H, Elemam NM, Mohammed AK, Hasswan H, Thahyabat MA, Alkhayyal N, Sulaiman N, Taneera J. Let7b-5p is Upregulated in the Serum of Emirati Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Regulates Insulin Secretion in INS-1 Cells. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2020; 130:22-29. [PMID: 33036033 DOI: 10.1055/a-1261-5282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Let7b-5p is a member of the Let-7 miRNA family and one of the top expressed miRNAs in human islets that implicated in glucose homeostasis. The levels of Let7b-5p in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients or its role in β-cell function is still unclear. In the current study, we measured the serum levels of let7b-5p in Emirati patients with T2DM (with/without complications) and control subjects. Overexpression or silencing of let7b-5p in INS-1 (832/13) cells was performed to investigate the impact on insulin secretion, content, cell viability, apoptosis, and key functional genes. We found that serum levels of let7b-5p are significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2DM-patients or T2DM with complications compared to control subjects. Overexpression of let7b-5p increased insulin content and decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, whereas silencing of let7b-5p reduced insulin content and secretion. Modulation of the expression levels of let7b-5p did not influence cell viability nor apoptosis. Analysis of mRNA and protein expression of hallmark genes in let7b-5p transfected cells revealed a marked dysregulation of Insulin, Pancreatic And Duodenal Homeobox 1 (PDX1), glucokinase (GCK), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and INSR. In conclusion, an appropriate level of let7b-5p is essential to maintain β-cell function and may be regarded as a biomarker for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Aljaibeji
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah
| | | | | | - Hind Hasswan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah
| | | | - Noura Alkhayyal
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah
| | - Nabil Sulaiman
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah.,Baker/IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah
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Kolenda T, Guglas K, Baranowski D, Sobocińska J, Kopczyńska M, Teresiak A, Bliźniak R, Lamperska K. cfRNAs as biomarkers in oncology - still experimental or applied tool for personalized medicine already? Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:783-792. [PMID: 32904167 PMCID: PMC7451588 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the challenges of contemporary oncology are focused mainly on the development of personalized medicine and precise treatment, which could be achieved through the use of molecular biomarkers. One of the biological molecules with great potential are circulating free RNAs (cfRNAs) which are present in various types of body fluids, such as blood, serum, plasma, and saliva. Also, different types of cfRNA particles can be distinguished depending on their length and function: microRNA (miRNA), PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs), circular RNA (circRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA). Moreover, cfRNAs occur in various forms: as a free molecule alone, in membrane vesicles, such as exosomes, or in complexes with proteins and lipids. One of the modern approaches for monitoring patient's condition is a "liquid biopsy" that provides a non-invasive and easily available source of circulating RNAs. Both the presence of specific cfRNA types as well as their concentration are dependent on many factors including cancer type or even reaction to treatment. Despite the possibility of using circulating free RNAs as biomarkers, there is still a lack of validated diagnostic panels, defined protocols for sampling, storing as well as detection methods. In this work we examine different types of cfRNAs, evaluate them as possible biomarkers, and analyze methods of their detection. We believe that further research on cfRNA and defining diagnostic panels could lead to better and faster cancer identification and improve treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kolenda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Kacper Guglas
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Dawid Baranowski
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Sobocińska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magda Kopczyńska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Teresiak
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Renata Bliźniak
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
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36
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Jusic A, Salgado-Somoza A, Paes AB, Stefanizzi FM, Martínez-Alarcón N, Pinet F, Martelli F, Devaux Y, Robinson EL, Novella S. Approaching Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Non-Coding RNA Research. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4890. [PMID: 32664454 PMCID: PMC7402336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the biggest cause of sickness and mortality worldwide in both males and females. Clinical statistics demonstrate clear sex differences in risk, prevalence, mortality rates, and response to treatment for different entities of CVD. The reason for this remains poorly understood. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as key mediators and biomarkers of CVD. Similarly, current knowledge on differential regulation, expression, and pathology-associated function of ncRNAs between sexes is minimal. Here, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of what is known on sex differences in ncRNA research in CVD as well as discussing the contributing biological factors to this sex dimorphism including genetic and epigenetic factors and sex hormone regulation of transcription. We then focus on the experimental models of CVD and their use in translational ncRNA research in the cardiovascular field. In particular, we want to highlight the importance of considering sex of the cellular and pre-clinical models in clinical studies in ncRNA research and to carefully consider the appropriate experimental models most applicable to human patient populations. Moreover, we aim to identify sex-specific targets for treatment and diagnosis for the biggest socioeconomic health problem globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Antonio Salgado-Somoza
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (A.S.-S.); (F.M.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Ana B. Paes
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Menéndez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.B.P.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Francesca Maria Stefanizzi
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (A.S.-S.); (F.M.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Núria Martínez-Alarcón
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Menéndez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.B.P.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Florence Pinet
- INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, U1167 F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Policlinico San Donato IRCCS, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy;
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (A.S.-S.); (F.M.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Emma Louise Robinson
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Menéndez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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37
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Ramzan F, D'Souza RF, Durainayagam BR, Milan AM, Markworth JF, Miranda-Soberanis V, Sequeira IR, Roy NC, Poppitt SD, Mitchell CJ, Cameron-Smith D. Circulatory miRNA biomarkers of metabolic syndrome. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:203-214. [PMID: 31435783 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Circulatory microRNAs (c-miRNAs) exert important roles in the molecular dysregulation of cardio-metabolic diseases. However, little is known whether dysregulated miRNA expression occurs when risk factors are elevated, as in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study quantified c-miRNA expression in individuals with MetS compared to healthy, further examining the relationship of gene pathways with the underlying pathogenesis. METHODS Expression of 26 miRNAs was quantified in plasma from 40 women (20 healthy and 20 MetS) and 39 men (20 healthy and 19 MetS) by qPCR. In silico analysis was performed to investigate biological effects of the dysregulated miRNAs. Dysregulated miRNA expression was further validated in an independent cohort of 20 women (10 healthy and 10 MetS). RESULTS Regression model adjusted for age and sex identified miR-15a-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-370-3p and miR-375 as important predictors of MetS presence. Analysis of predictive miRNAs in the validation cohort strengthened the relationship with miR-15a-5p and miR-17-5p expression. These miRNAs share genes involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways including insulin, wnt, fatty acid metabolism and AMPK. CONCLUSIONS miR-15a-5p and miR-17-5p were identified as predictive biomarkers of MetS, irrespective of sexes, further demonstrating the relationship of c-miRNAs to known pathways of metabolic disturbances present in cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ramzan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - R F D'Souza
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - B R Durainayagam
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - A M Milan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - J F Markworth
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - I R Sequeira
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - N C Roy
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - S D Poppitt
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C J Mitchell
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - D Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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38
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Frescura LM, de Menezes BB, Duarte R, da Rosa MB. Application of multivariate analysis on naphthalene adsorption in aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3329-3337. [PMID: 31838706 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Naphthalene (NAP) is found as a pollutant in water, soil, and air, and adsorption is the most prominent removal process of this compound, among the methods studied. A study concerning the types of adsorbents and the parameters with the greatest influence on the adsorption process is interesting to direct future works on new adsorbents. The use of multivariate data analysis tools becomes an appealing way to compile data obtained from bibliographic reviews and to establish a behavior in NAP adsorption. This work aims to evaluate the parameters with greater influence on NAP adsorption process regarding adsorption capacity (qeexp) with the principal component analysis (PCA), and to group common NAP adsorbents by chemical characteristics through hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The variables qeexp, S, [NAP]0, T, CT, and [Ads] were used to perform PCA with correlation matrix. For the HCA, the variables S, [NAP]0, T, CT, and [Ads] with average linkage method (UPGMA) and Euclidean distance were used. Through PCA, it is possible to infer that S and [NAP]0 are the factors with greater influence in qeexp of NAP, while T, CT, and [Ads] have little correlation. PCA also shows that activated charcoal is the adsorbent with higher qeexp. HCA grouped the adsorbents into four groups by their chemical classes, except group A. Both PCA and HCA methods show themselves as potential tools to evaluate a data set of NAP adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Mironuk Frescura
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bryan Brummelhaus de Menezes
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Duarte
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Barcellos da Rosa
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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39
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Ando Y, Yamazaki M, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Fujii R, Mizuno G, Ichino N, Osakabe K, Sugimoto K, Ishikawa H, Ohashi K, Teradaira R, Ohta Y, Hamajima N, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K. Association of circulating miR-20a, miR-27a, and miR-126 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in general population. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18856. [PMID: 31827150 PMCID: PMC6906495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55076-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type II diabetes mellitus. Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as useful disease biomarkers. We examined whether circulating miRNAs, such as miR-20a, miR-27a, and miR-126, were useful biomarkers for NAFLD. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 527 subjects aged 39 years or older who had undergone a health examination in the Yakumo Study. Of the residents, 92 were diagnosed with NAFLD using a registered medical sonographer. Serum miR-20a, miR-27a and miR-126 levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. We then calculated the odds ratios for serum miRNA level changes according to the severity of NAFLD using normal liver status as the reference group. Serum levels of miR-20a and 27a, but not miR-126, were significantly lower in NAFLD subjects than normal subjects. Serum miR-20a and miR-27a levels were significantly lower in both male and female severe NAFLD subjects. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between low circulating miR-20a and 27a levels and severe NAFLD. Down-regulated circulating miR-20a and 27a levels were significantly associated with severe NAFLD in the general population. Circulating miR-20a and miR-27a may be useful biomarkers for severe NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1, Murechohara, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0123, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Naohiro Ichino
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Keisuke Osakabe
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ryoji Teradaira
- Department of Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Ohta
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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MicroRNA Signatures as Future Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Diabetes States. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121533. [PMID: 31795194 PMCID: PMC6953078 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes results from the inability of pancreatic islets to maintain blood glucose concentrations within a normal physiological range. Clinical features are usually not observed until islets begin to fail and irreversible damage has occurred. Diabetes is generally diagnosed based on elevated glucose, which does not distinguish between type 1 and 2 diabetes. Thus, new diagnostic approaches are needed to detect different modes of diabetes before manifestation of disease. During prediabetes (pre-DM), islets undergo stress and release micro (mi) RNAs. Here, we review studies that have measured and tracked miRNAs in the blood for those with recent-onset or longstanding type 1 diabetes, obesity, pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. We summarize the findings on miRNA signatures with the potential to stage progression of different modes of diabetes. Advances in identifying selective biomarker signatures may aid in early detection and classification of diabetic conditions and treatments to prevent and reverse diabetes.
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Sørensen AE, Udesen PB, Maciag G, Geiger J, Saliani N, Januszewski AS, Jiang G, Ma RC, Hardikar AA, Wissing MLM, Englund ALM, Dalgaard LT. Hyperandrogenism and Metabolic Syndrome Are Associated With Changes in Serum-Derived microRNAs in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:242. [PMID: 31737638 PMCID: PMC6839444 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains one of the most common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women with an unfavorable metabolic risk profile. Here, we investigate whether biochemical hyperandrogenism, represented by elevated serum free testosterone, resulted in an aberrant circulating microRNA (miRNAs) expression profile and whether miRNAs can identify those PCOS women with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Accordingly, we measured serum levels of miRNAs as well as biochemical markers related to MetS in a case-control study of 42 PCOS patients and 20 Controls. Patients were diagnosed based on the Rotterdam consensus criteria and stratified based on serum free testosterone levels (≥0.034 nmol/l) into either a normoandrogenic (n = 23) or hyperandrogenic (n = 19) PCOS group. Overall, hyperandrogenic PCOS women were more insulin resistant compared to normoandrogenic PCOS women and had a higher prevalence of MetS. A total of 750 different miRNAs were analyzed using TaqMan Low-Density Arrays. Altered levels of seven miRNAs (miR-485-3p, -1290, -21-3p, -139-3p, -361-5p, -572, and -143-3p) were observed in PCOS patients when compared with healthy Controls. Stratification of PCOS women revealed that 20 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the three groups. Elevated serum free testosterone levels, adjusted for age and BMI, were significantly associated with five miRNAs (miR-1290, -20a-5p, -139-3p, -433-3p, and -361-5p). Using binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), a combination panel of three miRNAs (miR-361-5p, -1225-3p, and -34-3p) could correctly identify all of the MetS cases within the PCOS group. This study is the first to report comprehensive miRNA profiling in different subgroups of PCOS women with respect to MetS and suggests that circulating miRNAs might be useful as diagnostic biomarkers of MetS for a different subset of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja E Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Odense University Hospital, The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pernille B Udesen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Grzegorz Maciag
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Julian Geiger
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Negar Saliani
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Andrzej S Januszewski
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald C Ma
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Marie Louise M Wissing
- Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Anne Lis M Englund
- Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Louise T Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Di Stefano AB, Massihnia D, Grisafi F, Castiglia M, Toia F, Montesano L, Russo A, Moschella F, Cordova A. Adipose tissue, angiogenesis and angio-MIR under physiological and pathological conditions. Eur J Cell Biol 2019; 98:53-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Jiang S. A Regulator of Metabolic Reprogramming: MicroRNA Let-7. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:1005-1013. [PMID: 31128429 PMCID: PMC6531867 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Let-7, a gene firstly known to control the timing of Caenorhabditis elegans larval development does not code for a protein but instead produces small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs. Higher animals have multiple isoforms of mature let-7 microRNAs. Mature let-7 family members share the same “seed sequence” and distinct from each other slightly by ‘non-seed’ sequence region. Let-7 has emerged as a central regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and it displays remarkable plasticity in metabolic responses to nutrients availability and physiological activities. In this review, we discuss recent studies highlighting post-transcriptional mechanisms that govern metabolic reprogramming in distinct cells by let-7. We focus on the participation of the let-7 clusters in immune cells, and suggest that tissue-specific regulation of the let-7 clusters by engineered mouse models might impact metabolic homeostasis and will be required to elucidate their physiological and pathological roles in the in vivo disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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Barros L, Eichwald T, Solano AF, Scheffer D, da Silva RA, Gaspar JM, Latini A. Epigenetic modifications induced by exercise: Drug-free intervention to improve cognitive deficits associated with obesity. Physiol Behav 2019; 204:309-323. [PMID: 30876771 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders are increasing worldwide and are associated with brain atrophy and dysfunction, which are risk factors for late-onset dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that changes in lifestyle, including the frequent practice of physical exercise are able to prevent and treat not only obesity/metabolic disorders, but also to improve cognitive function and dementia. Several biochemical pathways and epigenetic mechanisms have been proposed to understand the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognition. This manuscript revised central ongoing research on epigenetic mechanisms induced by exercise and the beneficial effects on obesity-associated cognitive decline, highlighting potential mechanistic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Barros
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo (LABOX), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Tuany Eichwald
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo (LABOX), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Francisco Solano
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo (LABOX), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Débora Scheffer
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo (LABOX), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Augusto da Silva
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Laboratório de Bioensaios e Dinâmica Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Joana M Gaspar
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo (LABOX), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Latini
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo (LABOX), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Iacomino G, Russo P, Marena P, Lauria F, Venezia A, Ahrens W, De Henauw S, De Luca P, Foraita R, Günther K, Lissner L, Molnár D, Moreno LA, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Siani A. Circulating microRNAs are associated with early childhood obesity: results of the I.Family Study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2019; 14:2. [PMID: 30651891 PMCID: PMC6327413 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Nearly 10 years ago, the World Health Organization reported the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide as a challenge for public health due to the associated adverse consequences. Epidemiological studies established a firm relationship between an elevated body mass index and chronic conditions such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and some types of cancer. Omic studies demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) profile changes in tissues correlate with a number of diseases, including obesity. Recent studies showed a remarkable stability of miRNAs also in blood, emphasizing their potential as theranostic agents for a variety of disorders and conditions. A number of miRNAs enriched in homeostasis of obesity and metabolic disorders have been characterized in previous researches. Aim This work was finalized to investigate the differential circulating miRNAs signature in early childhood obesity. Our cross-sectional study analyzed the signature of circulating miRNAs in plasma samples of normal weight (n = 159) and overweight/obese (n = 149) children and adolescents participating to the I.Family study, an EC-funded study finalized to investigate the etiology of overweight, obesity and related disorders and the determinants of food choice, lifestyle, and related health outcomes in children and adolescents of eight European countries (www.ifamilystudy.eu). Results Differences in miRNA signature with respect to anthropometric and biochemical variables were analyzed. A high degree of variability in levels of circulating miRNAs was identified among children from different countries, in line with recent reports supporting the hypothesis that these molecules are likewise affected by environmental and lifestyle factors. A panel of miRNAs differentially expressed in overweight/low-grade obesity children was characterized (miR-551a and miR-501-5p resulted upregulated; miR-10b-5p, miR-191-3p, miR-215-5p, and miR-874-3p resulted downregulated). ROC curves were also constructed for experimentally confirmed miRNAs. Single miRNAs generally exhibited low AUC values with the highest values for miR-874-3p and miR-501-5p which in combination provided an interesting value (AUC = 0.782). Pearson’s analysis confirmed that miR-10b-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-501-5p, miR-551a, and miR-874-3p significantly correlated with BMI z-score. Molecular interactions of obesity-associated miRNAs were also predicted by bioinformatics tools. Conclusions Our work showed that several circulating miRNAs are differentially represented in overweight/low-grade obesity children and adolescents. Although causal pathways cannot be firmly inferred, it is conceivable that circulating miRNAs may be new biomarkers of early childhood obesity. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN62310987. Registered 23/02/2018 - Retrospectively registered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12263-018-0622-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Iacomino
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, Via Roma, 64 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Paola Russo
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, Via Roma, 64 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marena
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, Via Roma, 64 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Fabio Lauria
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, Via Roma, 64 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Antonella Venezia
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, Via Roma, 64 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- 2Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Ronja Foraita
- 2Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Günther
- 2Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lauren Lissner
- 5Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dénes Molnár
- 6Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Alfonso Siani
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, ISA-CNR, Via Roma, 64 83100 Avellino, Italy
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MicroRNAs and other non-coding RNAs in adipose tissue and obesity: emerging roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:23-40. [PMID: 30606812 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic condition usually accompanied by insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dyslipidaemia, which is characterised by excessive fat accumulation and related to white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction. Enlargement of WAT is associated with a transcriptional alteration of coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). For many years, big efforts have focused on understanding protein-coding RNAs and their involvement in the regulation of adipocyte physiology and subsequent role in obesity. However, diverse findings have suggested that a dysfunctional adipocyte phenotype in obesity might be also dependent on specific alterations in the expression pattern of ncRNAs, such as miRNAs. The aim of this review is to update current knowledge on the physiological roles of miRNAs and other ncRNAs in adipose tissue function and their potential impact on obesity. Therefore, we examined their regulatory role on specific WAT features: adipogenesis, adipokine secretion, inflammation, glucose metabolism, lipolysis, lipogenesis, hypoxia and WAT browning. MiRNAs can be released to body fluids and can be transported (free or inside microvesicles) to other organs, where they might trigger metabolic effects in distant tissues, thus opening new possibilities to a potential use of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalisation of obesity treatment. Understanding the role of miRNAs also opens the possibility of using these molecules on individualised dietary strategies for precision weight management. MiRNAs should be envisaged as a future therapeutic approach given that miRNA levels could be modulated by synthetic molecules (f.i. miRNA mimics and inhibitors) and/or specific nutrients or bioactive compounds.
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Bakr Zaki M, Abulsoud AI, Elsisi AM, Doghish AS, Mansour OAE, Amin AI, Elrebehy MA, Mohamed MY, Goda MA. Potential role of circulating microRNAs (486-5p, 497, 509-5p and 605) in metabolic syndrome Egyptian male patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:601-611. [PMID: 31190928 PMCID: PMC6511614 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s187422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the expression pattern of circulating microRNAs (miR)-486-5p, miR-497, miR-509-5p, and miR-605 in the serum of metabolic syndrome (MetS) Egyptian male patients. Methods: In this study, the circulating miR-486-5p, miR-497, miR509-5p, and miR-605 were amplified and quantitatively detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in sera of 55 MetS male patients in comparison to 20 male controls. The level of fasting plasma glucose and triacylglycerol (TAG) were measured using calorimetric assay. Blood pressure was measured using mercuric sphygmomanometer. Anthropometric measurements were done to each individual. Furthermore, MetS patients were defined according to the criteria proposed by the American Heart Association and divided into three groups according to MetS index. Results: The study was performed on three groups and a control group defined as follows: group 1: 15 MetS patients who fulfilled all diagnostic criteria of MetS; group 2: 20 MetS patients with normal blood pressure; group 3: 20 MetS patients with normal TAG levels.The levels of miRs are expressed as [median (IQR)]. miR-486-5-p and miR-497 expression were elevated in group 1 [31.9(49), p˂0.0001; 73.1(42.5), p˂0.0001], group 2 [36.4(15.7), p˂0.0001; 68.3(54.8), p˂0.0001], and group (3) [10.8(18.9), p=0.0014; 27.5(39.7), p=0.0012]. MiR-509-5p was elevated in groups 1 and 2 [501(468), p=0.0001], [309(436), p=0.0006], respectively, while normally expressed in group 3 [0.93(0.077), p=0.0001]. miR-605 was elevated in groups 1 and 3 [25.4(20.0), p=0.0018], [54.8(65.8), p˂0.0001], while normally expressed in group 2 [0.84(0.67), p˂0.0001]. Conclusion: miRs (486-5p, 497, 509-5p, and 605) serum levels were higher in MetS patients than in healthy control subjects; therefore, these serum miRs can serve as early biomarkers and can be used to follow-up the prognosis of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, El-Nahda, Cairo Governorate11777, Egypt
- Correspondence: Mohamed Bakr ZakiBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo-Belbeis Desert Rd, El-Nahda, Cairo Governorate11777, EgyptTel +20 109 363 5239Email
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, El-Nahda, Cairo Governorate11777, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 13465, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Elsisi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 13465, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soliman Doghish
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 13465, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ashraf Ismail Amin
- Department of Chemical and Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kasr El Ainy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed Elrebehy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yousef Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo13465, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Goda
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo13465, Egypt
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Lakhani HV, Khanal T, Gabi A, Yousef G, Alam MB, Sharma D, Aljoudi H, Puri N, Thompson E, Shapiro JI, Sodhi K. Developing a panel of biomarkers and miRNA in patients with myocardial infarction for early intervention strategies of heart failure in West Virginian population. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205329. [PMID: 30356307 PMCID: PMC6200226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction is the most common cause of heart failure. MI has been intricately linked to ventricular remodeling, subsequently leading to the reduction in the cardiac ejection fraction causing HF. The cumulative line of evidence suggests an important role of several biomarkers in modulating the cardiac vasculature, further contributing towards the progression of post-MI complications. Studies have demonstrated, yet not fully established, that an important biomarker, IL-10, has a causal relationship with MI and associated cardiac dysfunction. Hypothesis This study aims to establish the role of IL-10 as a prognostic marker for the cardiovascular outcomes and to develop a panel of biomarkers and circulating miRNAs that could potentially result in the early detection of HF resulting from MI, allowing for early intervention strategies. Methods and results Blood was withdrawn and echocardiography assessment was performed on a total of 43 patients that were enrolled, within 24 hours of the incidence of MI. Patients were divided in three main groups, based on the ejection fraction measurement from echocardiography: control (n = 14), MI with normal EF (MI+NEF, n = 13) and MI with low EF (MI+LEF, n = 16). Our results showed that TGFβ-1, TNF-α, IL-6 and MMP-9 were upregulated significantly in MI+NEF group and more so in MI+LEF group, as compared to control group (p<0.01). The circulating levels of miR-34a, miR-208b and miR-126 were positively correlated and showed elevated levels in the MI+NEF group, even higher in MI+LEF group, while levels of miR-24 and miR-29a were reduced in MI+NEF, and much lower in MI+LEF, as compared to the control group (p<0.01). Our results also demonstrated a direct correlation of IL-10 with the ejection fraction in patients with MI: IL-10 was elevated in MI+NEF group, however, the levels were significantly low in MI+LEF group suggesting an important role of IL-10 in predicting heart failure. Importantly, our study confirmed the correlation of IL-10 with EF by our follow-up echocardiography assessment that was performed 2 months after the incidence of MI. Conclusion Our results support the clinical application of these serum biomarkers to develop a panel for appropriate prognosis and management of adverse cardiac remodeling and development of heart failure post-myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Vishal Lakhani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Tilak Khanal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Alaa Gabi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - George Yousef
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Mian Bilal Alam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Dana Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Haytham Aljoudi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Nitin Puri
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Ellen Thompson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Joseph I. Shapiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li NY, Yu H, Li XL, Wang QY, Zhang XW, Ma RX, Zhao Y, Xu H, Liang W, Bai F, Yu J. Astragalus Membranaceus Improving Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women with Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective, Open-Labeled, Randomized Controlled Trial. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:516-526. [PMID: 29483384 PMCID: PMC5850666 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.226077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have increased cardiovascular morbidity and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). The various protective effects of astragalus membranaceus (AM) have been described in previous studies. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of AM on diastolic function in postmenopausal hypertensive women with MetS. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized controlled study. The postmenopausal hypertensive patients with MetS were enrolled from Lanzhou University Second Hospital from March 2014 to April 2015. Patients were divided into three groups: control group (received conventional medical treatment), AM Group 1 (received AM capsules at 5 g/d additionally), and AM Group 2 (received AM capsules at 10 g/d additionally). Echocardiographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated before and 12 months after treatment. Quantitative data were analyzed using unpaired t-test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 154 patients were subjected to final analysis. In the AM Group 2, significant improvements were noted in diastolic function 12 months after treatment than those of the control group, including the early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E’; 0.065 ± 0.007 m/s vs. 0.061 ± 0.008 m/s, P = 0.014), the ratio of the early diastolic mitral peak flow velocity to the late diastolic mitral peak flow velocity (E/A; 0.81 ± 0.05 vs. 0.80 ± 0.06, P = 0.012), the ratio of E’ to the late diastolic mitral annular velocity (E’/A’; 0.56 ± 0.12 vs. 0.51 ± 0.13, P = 0.048), and the ratio of the early diastolic mitral peak flow velocity (E) to E’ (E/E’; 10.70 ± 1.30 vs. 11.37 ± 1.73, P = 0.031). After treatment, E/E’ (10.70 ± 1.30 vs. 11.24 ± 1.56, P = 0.021), deceleration time (DT; 261.49 ± 44.41 ms vs. 268.74 ± 53.87 ms, P = 0.046), and E’/A’ (0.56 ± 0.12 vs. 0.52 ± 0.13, P = 0.019) values improved more significantly than those of AM Group 2 before treatment. Besides, waist circumference was positively correlated with E’ (r = 0.472; P = 0.003) and E’/A’ (r = 0.321; P = 0.047). In addition, the waist-to-hip ratio was a significant predictor of DT (r = 0.276; P = 0.041), E’ (r = −0.590; P < 0.001), E/E’ (r = 0.454; P = 0.004), and E’/A’ (r = −0.377; P = 0.018). Conclusions: Conventional medical plus AM therapy improved diastolic function. Moreover, WC and WHR might be risk factors for LVDD. Chinese Clinical Trial Register: ChiCTR-TRC-11001747. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=7798.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Heng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiu-Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qiong-Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Rui-Xin Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Han Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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Fathi Dizaji B. The investigations of genetic determinants of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:783-789. [PMID: 29673926 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors that increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Family and twin studies, heritability spectrum for its components and different prevalence among ethnicities, have provided genetic susceptibility to the metabolic syndrome. The investigations of genetic base for the disorder have recognized numerous chromosomes, various DNA polymorphisms in candidate genes and many gene variants, that are associated with metabolic syndrome as an entity or its traits, which mostly are related to lipid metabolism. In addition, recent finding of the role of rare variants, epigenetic mechanisms, non-coding RNAs and evaluating the function of genes in molecular networks have improved our knowledge. However, a common genetic basis explaining the co-occurrence of its components has not been identified and more researches are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behdokht Fathi Dizaji
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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