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O'Lone CE, Juhász A, Nye-Wood M, Dunn H, Moody D, Ral JP, Colgrave ML. Proteomic exploration reveals a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen during controlled germination of malting barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1305381. [PMID: 38186599 PMCID: PMC10771735 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1305381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is used in malt production for brewing applications. Barley malting involves a process of controlled germination that modifies the grain by activating enzymes to solubilize starch and proteins for brewing. Initially, the grain is submerged in water to raise grain moisture, requiring large volumes of water. Achieving grain modification at reduced moisture levels can contribute to the sustainability of malting practices. This study combined proteomics, bioinformatics, and biochemical phenotypic analysis of two malting barley genotypes with observed differences in water uptake and modification efficiency. We sought to reveal the molecular mechanisms at play during controlled germination and explore the roles of protein groups at 24 h intervals across the first 72 h. Overall, 3,485 protein groups were identified with 793 significant differentially abundant (DAP) within and between genotypes, involved in various biological processes, including protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and hydrolysis. Functional integration into metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, pyruvate, starch and sucrose metabolism, revealed a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen enforced by submergence during controlled germination. This SWATH-MS study provides a comprehensive proteome reference, delivering new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the impacts of low oxygen during controlled germination. It is concluded that continued efficient modification of malting barley subjected to submergence is largely due to the capacity to reroute energy to maintain vital processes, particularly protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare E. O'Lone
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Edith Cowan University, School of Science, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, ACT, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Angéla Juhász
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Edith Cowan University, School of Science, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Mitchell Nye-Wood
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Edith Cowan University, School of Science, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Hugh Dunn
- Pilot Malting Australia, Edith Cowan University, School of Science, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - David Moody
- Barley Breeding, InterGrain Pty Ltd, Bibra Lake, WA, Australia
| | - Jean-Philippe Ral
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, ACT, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michelle L. Colgrave
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Edith Cowan University, School of Science, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Pasqualone A, Vurro F, Wolgamuth E, Yusuf S, Squeo G, De Angelis D, Summo C. Physical-Chemical and Nutritional Characterization of Somali Laxoox Flatbread and Comparison with Yemeni Lahoh Flatbread. Foods 2023; 12:3050. [PMID: 37628049 PMCID: PMC10453120 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The physical-chemical and nutritional characteristics of Somali laxoox and Yemeni lahoh flatbreads have not been studied to date, nor have their possible similarities been investigated. Fieldwork was carried out in Somaliland (northwest Somalia), at nine different households, to collect Somali and Yemeni flatbreads. The nutritional characteristics (12.47-15.94 g/100 g proteins, 2.47-4.11 g/100 g lipids) and the total phenolic compounds (5.02-7.11 mg gallic acid equivalents/g on dry matter) were influenced by the natural variability of manual food preparation, as well as variability in the recipes used. All the breads had a porous structure. Cell density varied from 22.4 to 57.4 cells/cm2 in the Somali flatbreads, reaching 145 cells/cm2 in the Yemeni flatbreads. Higher amounts of refined flour increased the pale color of the breads. The principal component analysis highlighted differences between Yemeni and Somali flatbreads, pointing out a certain variability within the latter, with two samples forming a separate subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pasqualone
- Food Science and Technology Unit, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.V.); (G.S.); (D.D.A.); (C.S.)
- Brussels Institute of Advanced Studies (BrIAS) Fellow 2022/23, Elsene, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesca Vurro
- Food Science and Technology Unit, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.V.); (G.S.); (D.D.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Erin Wolgamuth
- Independent Researcher, MA, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salwa Yusuf
- Independent Researcher, BA, Hargeisa, Somalia;
| | - Giacomo Squeo
- Food Science and Technology Unit, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.V.); (G.S.); (D.D.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Davide De Angelis
- Food Science and Technology Unit, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.V.); (G.S.); (D.D.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Carmine Summo
- Food Science and Technology Unit, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.V.); (G.S.); (D.D.A.); (C.S.)
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Zhao Y, Islam S, Alhabbar Z, Zhang J, O'Hara G, Anwar M, Ma W. Current Progress and Future Prospect of Wheat Genetics Research towards an Enhanced Nitrogen Use Efficiency. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091753. [PMID: 37176811 PMCID: PMC10180859 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To improve the yield and quality of wheat is of great importance for food security worldwide. One of the most effective and significant approaches to achieve this goal is to enhance the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in wheat. In this review, a comprehensive understanding of the factors involved in the process of the wheat nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization of nitrogen in wheat were introduced. An appropriate definition of NUE is vital prior to its precise evaluation for the following gene identification and breeding process. Apart from grain yield (GY) and grain protein content (GPC), the commonly recognized major indicators of NUE, grain protein deviation (GPD) could also be considered as a potential trait for NUE evaluation. As a complex quantitative trait, NUE is affected by transporter proteins, kinases, transcription factors (TFs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs), which participate in the nitrogen uptake process, as well as key enzymes, circadian regulators, cross-talks between carbon metabolism, which are associated with nitrogen assimilation and remobilization. A series of quantitative genetic loci (QTLs) and linking markers were compiled in the hope to help discover more efficient and useful genetic resources for breeding program. For future NUE improvement, an exploration for other criteria during selection process that incorporates morphological, physiological and biochemical traits is needed. Applying new technologies from phenomics will allow high-throughput NUE phenotyping and accelerate the breeding process. A combination of multi-omics techniques and the previously verified QTLs and molecular markers will facilitate the NUE QTL-mapping and novel gene identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Zaid Alhabbar
- Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Graham O'Hara
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Masood Anwar
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Wujun Ma
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Wefing P, Trilling M, Gossen A, Neubauer P, Schneider J. A continuous mashing system controlled by mean residence time. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2023. [DOI: 10.58430/jib.v129i1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Continuous processes offer more environmentally friendlier beer production compared to the batch production. However, the continuous production of mashing has not become state-of-the-art in the brewing industry. The controllability and flexibility of this process still has hurdles for practical implementation, but which are necessary to react to changing raw materials. Once overcome, a continuous mashing can be efficiently adapted to the raw materials. Both mean residence time and temperature were investigated as key parameters to influence the extract and fermentable sugar content of the wort. The continuous mashing process was implemented as continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) cascade consisting of mashing in (20°C), protein rest (50°C), β-amylase rest (62-64°C), saccharification rest (72°C) and mashing out (78°C). Two different temperature settings for the β-amylase rest were investigated with particular emphasis on fermentable sugars. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a post-hoc analysis showed that the mean residence time and temperature settings were suitable control parameters for the fermentable sugars. In the experimental conditions, the most pronounced effect was with the β-amylase rest. These results broaden the understanding of heterogenous CSTR mashing systems about assembly and selection of process parameters
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Wijekoon C, Netticadan T, Sabra A, Yu L, Kodikara C, Badea A. Analyses of Fatty Acids, Proteins, Ascorbic Acid, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Canadian Barley Cultivars and Elite Germplasm. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227852. [PMID: 36431958 PMCID: PMC9693253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain is rich in fiber and antioxidant phytochemicals, including fatty acids, proteins, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and minerals, that offer various health benefits. Research on identifying different barley genotypes based on their health attributes is very limited. In this study, we performed an analysis of fatty acids, proteins, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of several Canadian barley cultivars and elite breeding lines. Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the predominant fatty acid present in the tested barley cultivars. The cultivar CDC Bold contained the highest amount of ascorbic acid, while the highest protein content was in CDC Mindon. An assessment of the free and bound phenolic compounds of barley grains showed quantitative changes among different genotypes of Canadian barley. Catechin is the most abundant molecule in free phenolics, while ferulic acid and para-coumeric acid are the most abundant in bound phenolics. Ferulic acid and vanillic acid were molecules detected in the soluble free fraction of all genotypes. Para-coumeric acid was detected only in genotypes such as CDC Copeland, CDC Bold, Lowe, and elite breeding Line 5 of both free and bound fractions of barley. Breeding Line 5 had the lowest antioxidant activity. An analysis of the above molecules and parameters of Canadian barley would help to uncover potential biomarkers in order to distinguish individual barley genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Champa Wijekoon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Thomas Netticadan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ali Sabra
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Liping Yu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Chamali Kodikara
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Ana Badea
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research and Development Centre, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Utilization of Grain Physical and Biochemical Traits to Predict Malting Quality of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Sub-Tropical Climate. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213403. [PMID: 36360015 PMCID: PMC9657330 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley is the most popular raw material for malting, and recently, the demand for malt-based products has increased several folds in India and other South Asian countries. The barley growing season is peculiar in the sub-tropical plains region compared to European or Northern American conditions, characterized by a total crop duration of 130–145 days with a maximum grain filling duration of around only 35–40 days. A total of 19 barley genotypes were grown for three years to assess the comparative performance in relation to different quality traits, including grain physical traits and biochemical and malt quality parameters. Analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and principal component analysis were performed to determine the correlation among different traits. The results showed significant genotypic variation among genotypes for individual grain and malt traits. Despite the shorter window for grain filling, several good malting genotypes have been developed for the sub-tropical climates. The genotypes DWRUB52, DWRB101, RD2849, DWRUB64, and DWRB91 were found suitable for malting. Based on correlation studies, a few grain parameters have been identified which can be used to predict the malting potential of a barley genotype. The hot water extract was found to be positively correlated with the grain test weight, thousand-grain weight, and malt friability but was negatively correlated with the husk content. Beta-glucan content varied from 3.4 to 6.1% (dwb); reducing the grain beta-glucan content and increasing the amylase could be priorities to address in future malt barley improvement programs under sub-tropical climatic conditions.
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Alptekin B, Erfatpour M, Mangel D, Pauli D, Blake T, Turner H, Lachowiec J, Sherman J, Fischer A. Selection of favorable alleles of genes controlling flowering and senescence improves malt barley quality. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:59. [PMID: 37313013 PMCID: PMC10248683 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cash crop with stringent grain quality standards. Timing of the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth and timing of whole-plant senescence and nutrient remobilization are critical for cereal grain yield and quality. Understanding the genetic variation in genes associated with these developmental traits can streamline genotypic selection of superior malt barley germplasm. Here, we determined the effects of allelic variation in three genes encoding a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein (HvGR-RBP1) and two NAC transcription factors (HvNAM1 and HvNAM2) on malt barley agronomics and quality using previously developed markers for HvGR-RBP1 and HvNAM1 and a novel marker for HvNAM2. Based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first intron, the utilized marker differentiates NAM2 alleles of low-grain protein variety 'Karl' and of higher protein variety 'Lewis'. We demonstrate that the selection of favorable alleles for each gene impacts heading date, senescence timing, grain size, grain protein concentration, and malt quality. Specifically, combining 'Karl' alleles for the two NAC genes with the 'Lewis' HvGR-RBP1 allele extends grain fill duration, increases the percentage of plump kernels, decreases grain protein, and provides malt quality stability. Molecular markers for these genes are therefore highly useful tools in malt barley breeding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01331-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Alptekin
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Mohammad Erfatpour
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108 USA
| | - Dylan Mangel
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | - Duke Pauli
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Tom Blake
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Hannah Turner
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Jennifer Lachowiec
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Jamie Sherman
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
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Manik SMN, Quamruzzaman M, Zhao C, Johnson P, Hunt I, Shabala S, Zhou M. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Marker Trait Associations (MTA) for Waterlogging-Triggered Adventitious Roots and Aerenchyma Formation in Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063341. [PMID: 35328762 PMCID: PMC8954902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterlogging is an environmental stress, which severely affects barley growth and development. Limited availability of oxygen in the root zone negatively affects the metabolism of the whole plant. Adventitious roots (AR) and root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) formation are the most important adaptive traits that contribute to a plant's ability to survive in waterlogged soil conditions. This study used a genome-wide association (GWAS) approach using 18,132 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a panel of 697 barley genotypes to reveal marker trait associations (MTA) conferring the above adaptive traits. Experiments were conducted over two consecutive years in tanks filled with soil and then validated in field experiments. GWAS analysis was conducted using general linear models (GLM), mixed linear models (MLM), and fixed and random model circulating probability unification models (FarmCPU model), with the FarmCPU showing to be the best suited model. Six and five significant (approximately -log10 (p) ≥ 5.5) MTA were identified for AR and RCA formation under waterlogged conditions, respectively. The highest -log10 (p) MTA for adventitious root and aerenchyma formation were approximately 9 and 8 on chromosome 2H and 4H, respectively. The combination of different MTA showed to be more effective in forming RCA and producing more AR under waterlogging stress. Genes from major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) families for AR formation, and ethylene responsive factor (ERF) family genes and potassium transporter family genes for RCA formation were the potential candidate genes involved under waterlogging conditions. Several genotypes, which performed consistently well under different conditions, can be used in breeding programs to develop waterlogging-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Nuruzzaman Manik
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Md Quamruzzaman
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Peter Johnson
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Ian Hunt
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Hagenblad J, Vanhala T, Madhavan S, Leino MW. Protein content and HvNAM alleles in Nordic barley (Hordeum vulgare) during a century of breeding. Hereditas 2022; 159:12. [PMID: 35094697 PMCID: PMC8802435 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-022-00227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Barley has been bred for more than a century in the Nordic countries, with dramatic improvements of yield traits. In this study we investigate if this has come at the cost of lower grain protein and micronutrient (iron, zinc) content, by analysing 80 accessions representing four different improvement stages. We further re-sequenced the two grain protein content associated genes HvNAM-1 and HvNAM-2 in full and performed expression analyses of the same genes to search for genetic associations with nutrient content. Results We found higher thousand grain weight in barley landraces and in accessions from the late improvement group compared to accessions from the mid of the twentieth century. Straw length was much reduced in late stage accessions. No significant temporal decrease in grain protein, iron or zinc content during twentieth century Nordic crop improvement could be detected. Out of the 80 accessions only two deviant HvNAM-1 sequences were found, represented by one accession each. These do not appear to be correlated to grain protein content. The sequence of HvNAM-2 was invariable in all accessions and no correlations between expression levels of HvNAM-1 and HvNAM-2 and with grain protein content was found. Conclusions In contrast to studies in wheat, where a strong negative correlation between straw length and grain protein and micronutrient content has been found, we do not see this relationship in Nordic barley. The last 60 years of breeding has reduced straw length but, contrary to expectations, not protein and micronutrient content. Variation in grain protein and micronutrient content was found among the Nordic barley accessions, but it is not explained by variation of HvNAM genes. This means that HvNAM is an unexploited source of genetic variation for nutrient content in Nordic barley. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-022-00227-y.
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Nutritional improvement of cereal crops to combat hidden hunger during COVID-19 pandemic: Progress and prospects. ADVANCES IN FOOD SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8917837 DOI: 10.1016/bs.af2s.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has posed a severe challenge on food security by limiting access to food for the marginally placed population. While access to food is a challenge, access to nutritional food is a greater challenge to the population. The present-day foods are not sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements of the human body. In a pandemic condition, providing nutritious food to the population is imperative to ensure the health and well-being of humankind. Exploiting the existing biodiversity of crop species and deploying classical and modern tools to improve the nutritional potential of these species holds the key to addressing the above challenge. Breeding has been a classical tool of crop improvement that relied predominantly on genetic diversity. Collecting and conserving diverse germplasms and characterizing their diversity using molecular markers is essential to preserve diversity and use them in genetic improvement programs. These markers are also valuable for association mapping analyses to identify the genetic determinants of traits-of-interest in crop species. Association mapping identifies the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the trait-of-interest by exploring marker-trait associations, and these QTLs can further be exploited for the genetic improvement of cultivated species through genomics-assisted breeding. Conventional breeding and genomics approaches are also being applied to develop biofortified cereal crops to reduce nutritional deficiencies in consumers. In this context, chapter explains the prerequisites for association mapping, population structure, genetic diversity, different approaches of performing association mapping to dissect nutritional traits, use the information for genomics-assisted breeding for nutrient-rich cereal crops, and application of genomics strategies in crop biofortification. These approaches will ensure food and nutrition security for all amidst the current COVID-19 crisis.
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Trubacheeva NV, Pershina LA. Problems and possibilities of studying malting quality in barley using molecular genetic approaches. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 25:171-177. [PMID: 34901715 PMCID: PMC8627870 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
About one-third of the world’s barley crop is used for malt production to meet the needs of the brewing
industry. In this regard, the study of the genetic basis of malting quality traits and the breeding of malting barley
varieties that are adaptive to their growing conditions are relevant throughout the world, particularly in the Russian Federation, where the cultivation and use of foreign malting varieties of barley prevails. The main parameters
of malting quality (artificially germinated and dried barley grains) are malt extract, diastatic power, Kolbach index,
viscosity, grain protein, wort β-glucan, free amino nitrogen, and soluble protein content. Most of these components
are under the control of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and are affected by environmental conditions, which complicates their study and precise localization. In addition, the phenotypic assessment of malting quality traits requires
elaborate, expensive phenotypic analyses. Currently, there are more than 200 QTLs associated with malting parameters, which were identified using biparental mapping populations. Molecular markers are widely used both for
mapping QTL loci responsible for malting quality traits and for performing marker-assisted selection (MAS), which,
in combination with conventional breeding, makes it possible to create effective strategies aimed at accelerating
the process of obtaining new promising genotypes. Nevertheless, the MAS of malting quality traits faces a series of
difficulties, such as the low accuracy of localization of QTLs, their ineffectiveness when transferred to another genetic background, and linkage with undesirable traits, which makes it necessary to validate QTLs and the molecular
markers linked to them. This review presents the results of studies that used MAS to improve the malting quality of
barley, and it also considers studies that searched for associations between genotype and phenotype, carried out
using GWAS (genome-wide association study) approaches based on the latest achievements of high-throughput
genotyping (diversity array technology (DArT) and single-nucleotide polymorphism markers (SNPs)).
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Trubacheeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurchatov Genomics Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - L A Pershina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurchatov Genomics Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
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12
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Huang Y, Yin L, Sallam AH, Heinen S, Li L, Beaubien K, Dill-Macky R, Dong Y, Steffenson BJ, Smith KP, Muehlbauer GJ. Genetic dissection of a pericentromeric region of barley chromosome 6H associated with Fusarium head blight resistance, grain protein content and agronomic traits. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:3963-3981. [PMID: 34455452 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03941-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fine mapping of barley 6H pericentromeric region identified FHB QTL with opposite effects, and high grain protein content was associated with increased FHB severity. Resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB), kernel discoloration (KD), deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation and grain protein content (GPC) are important traits for breeding malting barley varieties. Previous work mapped a Chevron-derived FHB QTL to the pericentromeric region of 6H, coinciding with QTL for KD resistance and GPC. The Chevron allele reduced FHB and KD, but unfavorably increased GPC. To determine whether the correlations are caused by linkage or pleiotropy, a fine mapping approach was used to dissect the QTL underlying these quality and disease traits. Two populations, referred to as Gen10 and Gen10/Lacey, derived from a recombinant near-isogenic line (rNIL) were developed. Recombinants were phenotyped for FHB, KD, DON, GPC and other agronomic traits. Three FHB, two DON and two KD QTLs were identified. One of the three FHB QTLs, one DON QTL and one KD QTL were coincident with the GPC QTL, which contains the Hv-NAM1 locus affecting grain protein accumulation. The Chevron allele at the GPC QTL increased GPC and FHB and decreased DON and KD. The other two FHB QTL and the other DON and KD QTL were identified in the regions flanking the Hv-NAM1 locus, and the Chevron alleles decreased FHB, DON and KD. Our results suggested that the QTL associated with FHB, KD, DON and GPC in the pericentromeric region of 6H was controlled by both pleiotropy and tightly linked loci. The rNILs identified in this study with low FHB severity and moderate GPC may be used for breeding malting barley cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Huang
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Ahmad H Sallam
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Shane Heinen
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Karen Beaubien
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Ruth Dill-Macky
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Brian J Steffenson
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Kevin P Smith
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Gary J Muehlbauer
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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Nayak SN, Aravind B, Malavalli SS, Sukanth BS, Poornima R, Bharati P, Hefferon K, Kole C, Puppala N. Omics Technologies to Enhance Plant Based Functional Foods: An Overview. Front Genet 2021; 12:742095. [PMID: 34858472 PMCID: PMC8631721 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.742095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional foods are natural products of plants that have health benefits beyond necessary nutrition. Functional foods are abundant in fruits, vegetables, spices, beverages and some are found in cereals, millets, pulses and oilseeds. Efforts to identify functional foods in our diet and their beneficial aspects are limited to few crops. Advances in sequencing and availability of different omics technologies have given opportunity to utilize these tools to enhance the functional components of the foods, thus ensuring the nutritional security. Integrated omics approaches including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics coupled with artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches can be used to improve the crops. This review provides insights into omics studies that are carried out to find the active components and crop improvement by enhancing the functional compounds in different plants including cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, vegetables, spices, beverages and medicinal plants. There is a need to characterize functional foods that are being used in traditional medicines, as well as utilization of this knowledge to improve the staple foods in order to tackle malnutrition and hunger more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spurthi N. Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - B. Aravind
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Sachin S. Malavalli
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - B. S. Sukanth
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - R. Poornima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Pushpa Bharati
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Kathleen Hefferon
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chittaranjan Kole
- President, International Phytomedomics and Nutriomics Consortium (ipnc.info), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Naveen Puppala
- New Mexico State University-Agricultural Science Center at Clovis, New Mexico, NM, United States
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Demeester A, Laureys D, Baillière J, Huys J, Vermeir P, De Leyn I, Vanderputten D, De Clippeleer J. Comparison of Congress Mash with Final 65 °C Mash for Wort Production with Unmalted Barley, Tritordeum, and Quinoa, with or without Pregelatinization and/or Enzyme Addition. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2021.1989571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Demeester
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Laureys
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Baillière
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joren Huys
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Research centre AgroFoodNature, School of Bioscience and Industrial Technology, HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeir
- LCA – Laboratory for Chemical Analysis, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ingrid De Leyn
- Research Unit of Cereal and Feed Technology, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dana Vanderputten
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Research centre AgroFoodNature, School of Bioscience and Industrial Technology, HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jessika De Clippeleer
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- IBF – Innovation centre for Brewing & Fermentation, Research centre AgroFoodNature, School of Bioscience and Industrial Technology, HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Ghent, Belgium
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Bouhlal O, Affricot JR, Puglisi D, El-Baouchi A, El Otmani F, Kandil M, Hafidi A, Keser M, Sanchez-Garcia M, Visioni A. Malting Quality of ICARDA Elite Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Germplasm Grown in Moroccan Middle Atlas. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2021.1978036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Outmane Bouhlal
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program (BICP), International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
- Team of Anthropogenetics and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - Jean Raymond Affricot
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program (BICP), International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
- Food Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Damiano Puglisi
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Adil El-Baouchi
- African Integrated Plant and Soil Research Group (AiPlaS), AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Fatima El Otmani
- Microbiology, Health and Environment Research Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Mostafa Kandil
- Team of Anthropogenetics and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Hafidi
- Food Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mesut Keser
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program (BICP), International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Miguel Sanchez-Garcia
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program (BICP), International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Andrea Visioni
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program (BICP), International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
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Tu Y, Fu L, Wang F, Wu D, Shen Q, Zhang G. GWAS and transcriptomic integrating analysis reveals key salt-responding genes controlling Na + content in barley roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:596-606. [PMID: 34464826 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major environmental restricts for crop production and food safety. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the most salt-tolerant cereal crop, which could be the pioneer for shifting agricultural crop production to marginal saline lands. However, probably due to high genetic complexity of salinity tolerance trait, the progress in the identification of salt-tolerant locus or genes of barley roots moves slowly. Here, we determined physiological and ionic changes in mini-core barley accessions under salt conditions. Na+ content was lower in whole-plant but higher in roots of the salt tolerant genotypes than sensitive ones under salt stress. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis identified 43 significant SNPs out of 12,564 SNPs and 215 candidate genes (P < 10-3) in the roots of worldwide barley accessions, highly associated with root relative dry weight (RDW) and Na+ content after hydroponic salinity in greenhouse and growth chamber. Meanwhile, transcriptomic analysis (RNA-Seq) identified 3217 differentially expression genes (DEGs) in barley roots induced by salt stress, mainly enriched in metabolism and transport processes. After GWAS and RNA-Seq integrating analysis, 39 DEGs were verified by qRT-PCR as salt-responding genes, including CYPs, LRR-KISS and CML genes, mostly related to the signal regulation. Taken together, current results provide genetic map-based genes or new locus useful for improving salt tolerance in crop and contributing to the utilization of saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Tu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liangbo Fu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengyue Wang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiufang Shen
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Ghomi K, Rabiei B, Sabouri H, Gholamalipour Alamdari E. Association analysis, genetic diversity and population structure of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under heat stress conditions using SSR and ISSR markers linked to primary and secondary metabolites. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6673-6694. [PMID: 34495461 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barley is one of the major cereal crops, which can provide a significant source of genes for stress tolerance due to its high diversity and adaptability. Metabolite traits are considered to be significant for adaptation of barley to heat stress. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, genetic relationships between 120 barley genotypes were determined with 50 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 26 inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers under heat stress and non-stress conditions. Moreover, genetic diversity of barley accessions was investigated using the studied markers covering 7 chromosomes of barley. RESULTS In general, 153 and 85 polymorphic alleles were detected for SSR and ISSR and number of the observed polymorphic allele varied between 2-9 and 2-6, with an average of 3.26 and 3.26 alleles per locus, respectively. Markers of Bmag0223, GBMS180/180, HVM7, ISSR22, ISSR25, and ISSR48 were the most informative due to their high polymorphism information content value demonstrating that putative techniques utilized in this research can be powerful and valuable tools in breeding program of barley. Association analysis was performed between 9 important traits and SSR and ISSR markers using four statistical models. The results revealed that the model containing both population structure (Q) and general similarity in genetic background arising from shared kinship (K) factors reduced false positive associations between markers and phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, some of markers related to more than one trait under normal conditions (ISSR31-2, HVM62, and GBMS180/180) and heat stress conditions (ISSR20-5, EBmac635, HVM14, and ISSR37-3) were determined, which can be considered to be the most interesting candidates for further studies and simultaneously will provide a useful target for the future breeding programs, such as marker-assisted selection (MAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Ghomi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Persian Gulf Highway, P.O. Box: 41635-1314, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Babak Rabiei
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Persian Gulf Highway, P.O. Box: 41635-1314, Rasht, Guilan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Sabouri
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad University, Shahid Fallahi Street, Gonbad-e Kāvūs, Golestan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad University, Shahid Fallahi Street, Gonbad-e Kāvūs, Golestan, Iran
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18
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Gorzelany J, Belcar J. A Preliminary Study on the Use of Bishop’s Formula for the Prediction of Wheat Malt Extract. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2021.1937892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Józef Gorzelany
- Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, Collegium of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland
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Jaeger A, Zannini E, Sahin AW, Arendt EK. Barley Protein Properties, Extraction and Applications, with a Focus on Brewers' Spent Grain Protein. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061389. [PMID: 34208463 PMCID: PMC8234785 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley is the most commonly used grain in the brewing industry for the production of beer-type beverages. This review will explore the extraction and application of proteins from barley, particularly those from brewers’ spent grain, as well as describing the variety of proteins present. As brewers’ spent grain is the most voluminous by-product of the brewing industry, the valorisation and utilisation of spent grain protein is of great interest in terms of sustainability, although at present, BSG is mainly sold cheaply for use in animal feed formulations. There is an ongoing global effort to minimise processing waste and increase up-cycling of processing side-streams. However, sustainability in the brewing industry is complex, with an innate need for a large volume of resources such as water and energy. In addition to this, large volumes of a by-product are produced at nearly every step of the process. The extraction and characterisation of proteins from BSG is of great interest due to the high protein quality and the potential for a wide variety of applications, including foods for human consumption such as bread, biscuits and snack-type products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Jaeger
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (A.J.); (E.Z.); (A.W.S.)
| | - Emanuele Zannini
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (A.J.); (E.Z.); (A.W.S.)
| | - Aylin W. Sahin
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (A.J.); (E.Z.); (A.W.S.)
| | - Elke K. Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (A.J.); (E.Z.); (A.W.S.)
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-021-490-2064
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20
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Liu S, Zhong H, Meng X, Sun T, Li Y, Pinson SRM, Chang SKC, Peng Z. Genome-wide association studies of ionomic and agronomic traits in USDA mini core collection of rice and comparative analyses of different mapping methods. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:441. [PMID: 32972357 PMCID: PMC7513512 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice is an important human staple food vulnerable to heavy metal contamination leading to serious concerns. High yield with low heavy metal contamination is a common but highly challenging goal for rice breeders worldwide due to lack of genetic knowledge and markers. RESULTS To identify candidate QTLs and develop molecular markers for rice yield and heavy metal content, a total of 191 accessions from the USDA Rice mini-core collection with over 3.2 million SNPs were employed to investigate the QTLs. Sixteen ionomic and thirteen agronomic traits were analyzed utilizing two univariate (GLM and MLM) and two multivariate (MLMM and FarmCPU) GWAS methods. 106, 47, and 97 QTLs were identified for ionomics flooded, ionomics unflooded, and agronomic traits, respectively, with the criterium of p-value < 1.53 × 10- 8, which was determined by the Bonferroni correction for p-value of 0.05. While 49 (~ 20%) of the 250 QTLs were coinciding with previously reported QTLs/genes, about 201 (~ 80%) were new. In addition, several new candidate genes involved in ionomic and agronomic traits control were identified by analyzing the DNA sequence, gene expression, and the homologs of the QTL regions. Our results further showed that each of the four GWAS methods can identify unique as well as common QTLs, suggesting that using multiple GWAS methods can complement each other in QTL identification, especially by combining univariate and multivariate methods. CONCLUSIONS While 49 previously reported QTLs/genes were rediscovered, over 200 new QTLs for ionomic and agronomic traits were found in the rice genome. Moreover, multiple new candidate genes for agronomic and ionomic traits were identified. This research provides novel insights into the genetic basis of both ionomic and agronomic variations in rice, establishing the foundation for marker development in breeding and further investigation on reducing heavy-metal contamination and improving crop yields. Finally, the comparative analysis of the GWAS methods showed that each method has unique features and different methods can complement each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Hua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxi Meng
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Tong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shannon R M Pinson
- Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA
| | - Sam K C Chang
- Experimental Seafood Processing Laboratory, Coastal and Research Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Pascagoula, MS, 39567, USA
| | - Zhaohua Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA.
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21
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Yousif AM, Evans DE. Changes in malt quality during production in two commercial malt houses. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adel M. Yousif
- Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre; 3 Baron-Hay Court South Perth WA 6151 Australia
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering; University of Tasmania; Sandy Bay Campus TAS 7005 Australia
| | - D. Evan Evans
- The Tassie Beer Dr Consulting; 15 Rianna Road Lindisfarne Tasmania 7015 Australia
- School of Natural Sciences; University of Tasmania; Sandy Bay Tasmania 7005 Australia
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Regulation of nitrogen availability results in changes in grain protein content and grain storage subproteomes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223831. [PMID: 31618253 PMCID: PMC6795425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley grain protein content (GPC) is an important quality factor that determines grain end-use value. The synthesis and accumulation of grain protein is highly dependent on the availability of nitrogen fertilizer, and it is important to understand the underlying control mechanisms of this. In the current study, the GPC and protein composition of mature grain seeds from Yangsimai 3 and Naso Nijo barley cultivars were analyzed. Grain storage subproteomes (albumin, glubulin, hordein and glutelin) were compared in the cultivars grown in both low and high nitrogen level conditions. The GPC of mature grain was significantly higher in Yangsimai 3 than Naso Nijo following nitrogen treatment. Albumin, hordein and glutelin content were increased in Yangsimai, while only hordein content was increased in Naso Nijo. Large-scale analysis of the grain storage subproteome revealed 152 differentially expressed protein spots on 2-DE gels with a pH range of 3-10. Among these, 42 and 66 protein spots were successfully identified by tandem mass spectrometry in Yangsimai 3 and Naso Nijo grown in low and high nitrogen conditions. The identified proteins were further grouped into thirteen categories according to their biological functions. This detailed analysis of grain subproteomes provides information on how barley GPC may be controlled by nitrogen supply.
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Herzig P, Backhaus A, Seiffert U, von Wirén N, Pillen K, Maurer A. Genetic dissection of grain elements predicted by hyperspectral imaging associated with yield-related traits in a wild barley NAM population. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 285:151-164. [PMID: 31203880 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the accumulation of essential mineral elements in cereal grains is of prime importance for combating human malnutrition. Biofortification by breeding holds great potential for improving nutrient accumulation in grains. However, conventional breeding approaches require element analysis of many grain samples, which causes high costs. Here we applied hyperspectral imaging to estimate the concentration of 15 grain elements (C, B, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Na, P, S, Zn) in high-throughput in the wild barley nested association mapping (NAM) population HEB-25, comprising 1,420 BC1S3 lines derived from crossing 25 wild barley accessions with the cultivar 'Barke'. Nutrient concentrations varied largely with a multitude of lines having higher micronutrient concentration than 'Barke'. In a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we located 75 quantitative trait locus (QTL) hotspots, whereof many could be explained by major genes such as NO APICAL MERISTEM-1 (NAM-1) and PHOTOPERIOD 1 (Ppd-H1). The GWAS approach revealed exotic alleles that were able to increase grain element concentrations. Remarkably, a QTL linked to GIBBERELLIN 20 OXIDASE 2 (HvGA20ox2) significantly increased several grain elements without yield loss. We conclude that introgressing promising exotic alleles into elite breeding material can assist in improving the nutritional value of barley grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Herzig
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Backhaus
- Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation (IFF), Sandtorstraße 22, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Udo Seiffert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation (IFF), Sandtorstraße 22, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Cornaggia C, Evans DE, Draga A, Mangan D, McCleary BV. Prediction of potential malt extract and beer filterability using conventional and novel malt assays. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Evan Evans
- The Tassie Beer Dr Consulting; 15 Rianna Road Lindisfarne Tasmania 7015 Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania; Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Anna Draga
- Megazyme u.c., Bray Business Park; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
| | - David Mangan
- Megazyme u.c., Bray Business Park; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
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25
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Wiegmann M, Thomas WTB, Bull HJ, Flavell AJ, Zeyner A, Peiter E, Pillen K, Maurer A. "Wild barley serves as a source for biofortification of barley grains". PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 283:83-94. [PMID: 31128718 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The continuing growth of the human population creates an inevitable necessity for higher crop yields, which are mandatory for the supply with adequate amounts of food. However, increasing grain yield may lead to a reduction of grain quality, such as a decline in protein and mineral nutrient concentrations causing the so-called hidden hunger. To assess the interdependence between quantity and quality and to evaluate the biofortification potential of wild barley, we conducted field studies, examining the interplay between plant development, yield, and nutrient concentrations, using HEB-YIELD, a subset of the wild barley nested association mapping population HEB-25. A huge variation of nutrient concentration in grains was obtained, since we identified lines with a more than 50% higher grain protein, iron, and zinc concentration in comparison to the recurrent parent 'Barke'. We observed a negative relationship between grain yield and nutritional value in barley, indicated by predominantly negative correlations between yield and nutrient concentrations. Analyzing the genetic control of nutrient concentration in mature grains indicated that numerous genomic regions determine the final nutritional value of grains and wild alleles were frequently associated with higher nutrient concentrations. The targeted introgression of wild barley alleles may enable biofortification in future barley breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Wiegmann
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - William T B Thomas
- The James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Hazel J Bull
- The James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Andrew J Flavell
- University of Dundee at JHI, School of Life Sciences, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Annette Zeyner
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Animal Nutrition, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 11, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Nutrition, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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26
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Optimisation of protein extraction for in-depth profiling of the cereal grain proteome. J Proteomics 2019; 197:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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David LC, Girin T, Fleurisson E, Phommabouth E, Mahfoudhi A, Citerne S, Berquin P, Daniel-Vedele F, Krapp A, Ferrario-Méry S. Developmental and physiological responses of Brachypodium distachyon to fluctuating nitrogen availability. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3824. [PMID: 30846873 PMCID: PMC6405861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) of grain cereals depends on nitrate (NO3-) uptake from the soil, translocation to the aerial parts, nitrogen (N) assimilation and remobilization to the grains. Brachypodium distachyon has been proposed as a model species to identify the molecular players and mechanisms that affects these processes, for the improvement of temperate C3 cereals. We report on the developmental, physiological and grain-characteristic responses of the Bd21-3 accession of Brachypodium to variations in NO3- availability. As previously described in wheat and barley, we show that vegetative growth, shoot/root ratio, tiller formation, spike development, tissue NO3- and N contents, grain number per plant, grain yield and grain N content are sensitive to pre- and/or post-anthesis NO3- supply. We subsequently described constitutive and NO3--inducible components of both High and Low Affinity Transport Systems (HATS and LATS) for root NO3- uptake, and BdNRT2/3 candidate genes potentially involved in the HATS. Taken together, our data validate Brachypodium Bd21-3 as a model to decipher cereal N nutrition. Apparent specificities such as high grain N content, strong post-anthesis NO3- uptake and efficient constitutive HATS, further identify Brachypodium as a direct source of knowledge for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C David
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - T Girin
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - E Fleurisson
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - E Phommabouth
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - A Mahfoudhi
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - S Citerne
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - P Berquin
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - F Daniel-Vedele
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - A Krapp
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - S Ferrario-Méry
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
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Chattopadhyay K, Behera L, Bagchi TB, Sardar SS, Moharana N, Patra NR, Chakraborti M, Das A, Marndi BC, Sarkar A, Ngangkham U, Chakraborty K, Bose LK, Sarkar S, Ray S, Sharma S. Detection of stable QTLs for grain protein content in rice (Oryza sativa L.) employing high throughput phenotyping and genotyping platforms. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3196. [PMID: 30824776 PMCID: PMC6397320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of appropriate donors, non-utilization of high throughput phenotyping and genotyping platforms with high genotype × environment interaction restrained identification of robust QTLs for grain protein content (GPC) in rice. In the present investigation a BC3F4 mapping population was developed using grain protein donor, ARC10075 and high-yielding cultivar Naveen and 190 lines were genotyped using 40 K Affimetrix custom SNP array with the objective to identify stable QTLs for protein content. Three of the identified QTLs, one for GPC (qGPC1.1) and the other two for single grain protein content (qSGPC2.1, qSGPC7.1) were stable over the environments explaining 13%, 14% and 7.8% of the phenotypic variances, respectively. Stability and repeatability of these additive QTLs were supported by the synergistic additive effects of multi-environmental-QTLs. One epistatic-QTL, independent of the main effect QTL was detected over the environment for SGPC. A few functional genes governing seed storage protein were hypothesised inside these identified QTLs. The qGPC1.1 was validated by NIR Spectroscopy-based high throughput phenotyping in BC3F5 population. Higher glutelin content was estimated in high-protein lines with the introgression of qGPC1.1 in telomeric region of short arm of chromosome 1. This was supported by the postulation of probable candidate gene inside this QTL region encoding glutelin family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Avijit Das
- ICAR-National Institute of Natural Fibre Engineering and Technology, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ananta Sarkar
- ICAR- Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | | | | | - Sutapa Sarkar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Soham Ray
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, India
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29
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Schofield EJ, Rowntree JK, Paterson E, Brewer MJ, Price EAC, Brearley FQ, Brooker RW. Cultivar Differences and Impact of Plant-Plant Competition on Temporal Patterns of Nitrogen and Biomass Accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:215. [PMID: 30858863 PMCID: PMC6397874 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Current niche models cannot explain multi-species plant coexistence in complex ecosystems. One overlooked explanatory factor is within-growing season temporal dynamism of resource capture by plants. However, the timing and rate of resource capture are themselves likely to be mediated by plant-plant competition. This study used Barley (Hordeum sp.) as a model species to examine the impacts of intra-specific competition, specifically inter- and intra-cultivar competition on the temporal dynamics of resource capture. Nitrogen and biomass accumulation of an early and late cultivar grown in isolation, inter- or intra- cultivar competition were investigated using sequential harvests. We did not find changes in the temporal dynamics of biomass accumulation in response to competition. However, peak nitrogen accumulation rate was significantly delayed for the late cultivar by 14.5 days and advanced in the early cultivar by 0.5 days when in intra-cultivar competition; there were no significant changes when in inter-cultivar competition. This may suggest a form of kin recognition as the target plants appeared to identify their neighbors and only responded temporally to intra-cultivar competition. The Relative Intensity Index found competition occurred in both the intra- and inter- cultivar mixtures, but a positive Land Equivalence Ratio value indicated complementarity in the inter-cultivar mixtures compared to intra-cultivar mixtures. The reason for this is unclear but may be due to the timing of the final harvest and may not be representative of the relationship between the competing plants. This study demonstrates neighbor-identity-specific changes in temporal dynamism in nutrient uptake. This contributes to our fundamental understanding of plant nutrient dynamics and plant-plant competition whilst having relevance to sustainable agriculture. Improved understanding of within-growing season temporal dynamism would also improve our understanding of coexistence in complex plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Jane Schofield
- The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer K. Rowntree
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Paterson
- The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J. Brewer
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. C. Price
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Q. Brearley
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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30
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Marker-trait associations in two-rowed spring barley accessions from Kazakhstan and the USA. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205421. [PMID: 30308008 PMCID: PMC6181366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, phenotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data of 272 accessions of two-rowed spring barley from the USA along with 94 accessions from Kazakhstan were assessed in field trials at six breeding organizations in Kazakhstan to evaluate the performance of the USA samples over three years (2009-2011). The average grain yield over the six locations was not significantly higher in Kazakh accessions in comparison to the USA samples. Twenty four samples from Montana, Washington, the USDA station in Aberdeen Idaho, and the Anheuser-Busch breeding programs showed heavier average yield than the local standard cultivar "Ubagan". Principal Coordinate analysis based on two sets of SNP data suggested that Kazakh accessions were closest to the USA accessions among eight groups of samples from different parts of the World, and within five US barley origin groups the samples from Montana and Washington perfectly matched six groups of Kazakh breeding origins. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using data from eighteen field trials allowed the identification of ninety one marker-trait associations (MTA) in two or more environments for nine traits, including key characters such as heading time (HT), number of kernels per spike (NKS), and thousand grain weight (TGW). Our GWAS allowed the identification of eight MTA for HT and NKS, and sixteen MTA for TGW, when those MTA were linked to mapped SNPs. Based on comparisons of chromosomal positions of MTA identified in this study, and positions of known genes and quantitative trait loci for HT, NKS and TGW, it was suggested that MTA for HT on chromosome 2H (at 158.2 cM, 11_21414), MTA for NKS on 5H (at 118.6 cM, 11_20298), and two MTA for TGW on chromosome 4H (at 94.7 cM, 12_30718, and at 129.3 cM, 11_20013) were potentially new associations in barley. GWAS suggested that six MTA for HT, including two on chromosome 1H, two on chromosome 3H, and one each on chromosomes 4H and 6H, had useful pleiotropic effects for improving barley spike traits.
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31
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Kochevenko A, Jiang Y, Seiler C, Surdonja K, Kollers S, Reif JC, Korzun V, Graner A. Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:106. [PMID: 29866039 PMCID: PMC5987402 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an important crop cultivated across the world. Drought is a major abiotic factor compromising barley yield worldwide, therefore in modern spring barley cultivars superior seed and malting quality characteristics should be combined with reasonable level of drought tolerance. Previously we have identified a number of barley lines demonstrating the superior yield performance under drought conditions. The aim of this work was to perform a QTL analysis of malting quality traits in a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population of two elite barley lines that differ in their reaction pattern to drought stress. RESULTS A population of DH lines was developed by crossing two drought-tolerant elite breeding lines, Victoriana and Sofiara, exploiting distinct mechanism of drought tolerance, sustaining assimilation vs remobilization. The mapping population was assayed under field conditions at four distinct locations that differed in precipitation rate. DH lines were genotyped with the Illumina 9 K iSelect assay, and linkage map including 1782 polymorphic markers and covering a total map length of 1140 cM was constructed. The result of quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis showed that majority of the traits were affected by several main effect QTL and/or QTL x environment (QE) interactions. In total, 57, 41, and 5 QTL were associated with yield-related traits, malting quality traits and seed quality traits, respectively. 11 and 29 of mapped QTL explained more than 10 and 5% of phenotypic variation, respectively. In several chromosomal regions co-localization between QTL for various traits were observed. The largest clusters were detected on chromosomes 3H and 4H. CONCLUSIONS Our QTL mapping results revealed several novel consistent genomic regions controlling malting quality which could be exploited in marker assisted selection. In this context, the complex QTL region on chromosome 3H seems of particular interest, as it harbors several large effect QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Kochevenko
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Yong Jiang
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Christiane Seiler
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Korana Surdonja
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Sonja Kollers
- KWS LOCHOW GmbH, Ferdinand-von-Lochow-Str. 5, 29303 Bergen, Germany
| | - Jochen Christoph Reif
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Viktor Korzun
- KWS LOCHOW GmbH, Ferdinand-von-Lochow-Str. 5, 29303 Bergen, Germany
| | - Andreas Graner
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
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32
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Yousif AM, Evans DE. The impact of barley nitrogen fertilization rate on barley brewing using a commercial enzyme (Ondea Pro). JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adel M. Yousif
- Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre; 3 Baron-Hay Court South Perth WA 6151 Australia
| | - D. Evan Evans
- The Tassie Beer Dr; 15 Rianna Rd, Lindisfarne Tasmania 7015 Australia
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Han Z, Zhang J, Cai S, Chen X, Quan X, Zhang G. Association mapping for total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in barley. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:81. [PMID: 29370751 PMCID: PMC5784657 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interest has been increasing on the phenolic compounds in plants because of their nutritive function as food and the roles regulating plant growth. However, their underlying genetic mechanism in barley is still not clear. RESULTS A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (FLC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) in 67 cultivated and 156 Tibetan wild barley genotypes. Most markers associated with phenolic content were different in cultivated and wild barleys. The markers bPb-0572 and bPb-4531 were identified as the major QTLs controlling phenolic compounds in Tibetan wild barley. Moreover, the marker bPb-4531 was co-located with the UDP- glycosyltransferase gene (HvUGT), which is a homolog to Arabidopsis UGTs and involved in biosynthesis of flavonoid glycosides . CONCLUSIONS GWAS is an efficient tool for exploring the genetic architecture of phenolic compounds in the cultivated and Tibetan wild barleys. The DArT markers applied in this study can be used in barley breeding for developing new barley cultivars with higher phenolics content. The candidate gene (HvUGT) provides a potential route for deep understanding of the molecular mechanism of flavonoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Han
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Shengguan Cai
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Xiaoyan Quan
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
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Roustan V, Roustan PJ, Weidinger M, Reipert S, Kapusi E, Shabrangy A, Stoger E, Weckwerth W, Ibl V. Microscopic and Proteomic Analysis of Dissected Developing Barley Endosperm Layers Reveals the Starchy Endosperm as Prominent Storage Tissue for ER-Derived Hordeins Alongside the Accumulation of Barley Protein Disulfide Isomerase (HvPDIL1-1). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1248. [PMID: 30250475 PMCID: PMC6139375 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is one of the major food sources for humans and forage sources for animal livestock. The average grain protein content (GPC) of barley ranges between 8 and 12%. Barley hordeins (i.e., prolamins) account for more than 50% of GPC in mature seeds and are important for both grain and flour quality. Barley endosperm is structured into three distinct cell layers: the starchy endosperm, which acts essentially as storage tissue for starch; the subaleurone, which is characterized by a high accumulation of seed storage proteins (SSPs); and the aleurone, which has a prominent role during seed germination. Prolamins accumulate in distinct, ER-derived protein bodies (PBs) and their trafficking route is spatio-temporally regulated. The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) has been shown to be involved in PB formation. Here, we unravel the spatio-temporal proteome regulation in barley aleurone, subaleurone, and starchy endosperm for the optimization of end-product quality in barley. We used laser microdissection (LMD) for subsequent nanoLC-MS/MS proteomic analyses in two experiments: in Experiment One, we investigated the proteomes of dissected barley endosperm layers at 12 and at ≥20 days after pollination (DAP). We found a set of 10 proteins that were present in all tissues at both time points. Among these proteins, the relative protein abundance of D-hordein, B3-hordein and HvPDIL1-1 significantly increased in starchy endosperm between 12 and ≥20 DAP, identifying the starchy endosperm as putative major storage tissue. In Experiment Two, we specifically compared the starchy endosperm proteome at 6, 12, and ≥20 DAP. Whereas the relative protein abundance of D-hordein and B3-hordein increased between 6 and ≥20 DAP, HvPDIL1-1 increased between 6 and 12 DAP, but remained constant at ≥20 DAP. Microscopic observations showed that these relative protein abundance alterations were accompanied by additional localization of hordeins at the periphery of starch granules and a partial re-localization of HvPDIL1-1 from PBs to the periphery of starch granules. Our data indicate a spatio-temporal regulation of hordeins and HvPDIL1-1. These results are discussed in relation to the putative role of HvPDIL1-1 in end-product quality in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Roustan
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierre-Jean Roustan
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Siegfried Reipert
- Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eszter Kapusi
- Department for Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Azita Shabrangy
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department for Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Ibl
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Verena Ibl
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Fan C, Zhai H, Wang H, Yue Y, Zhang M, Li J, Wen S, Guo G, Zeng Y, Ni Z, You M. Identification of QTLs controlling grain protein concentration using a high-density SNP and SSR linkage map in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:122. [PMID: 28697758 PMCID: PMC5504602 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain protein concentration (GPC) is a major determinant of quality in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Breeding barley cultivars with high GPC has practical value for feed and food properties. The aim of the present study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for GPC that could be detected under multiple environments. RESULTS A population of 190 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) deriving from a cross between Chinese landrace ZGMLEL with high GPC (> 20%) and Australian cultivar Schooner was used for linkage and QTL analyses. The genetic linkage map spanned 2353.48 cM in length with an average locus interval of 2.33 cM. GPC was evaluated under six environments for the RIL population and the two parental lines. In total, six environmentally stable QTLs for GPC were detected on chromosomes 2H (1), 4H (1), 6H (1), and 7H (3) and the increasing alleles were derived from ZGMLEL. Notably, the three QTLs on chromosome 7H (QGpc.ZiSc-7H.1, QGpc.ZiSc-7H.2, and QGpc.ZiSc-7H.3) that linked in coupling phase were firstly identified. Moreover, the genetic effects of stable QTLs on chromosomes 2H, 6H and 7H were validated using near isogenic lines (NILs). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the identified QTLs expanded our knowledge about the genetic basis of GPC in barley and could be selected to develop cultivars with high grain protein concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Huijie Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Huifang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yafei Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Minghu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shaozhe Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ganggang Guo
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205 China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Mingshan You
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193 China
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Abstract
Background Barley seed proteins are of prime importance to the brewing industry, human and animal nutrition and in plant breeding for cultivar identification. To obtain comprehensive proteomic data from seeds, total protein from a two-rowed (Conrad) and a six-rowed (Lacey) barley cultivar were precipitated in acetone, digested in-solution, and the resulting peptides were analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Results The raw mass spectra data searched against Uniprot’s Barley database using in-house Mascot search engine identified 1168 unique proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that the majority of the seed proteins were cytosolic, with catalytic activity and associated with carbohydrate metabolism. Spectral counting analysis showed that there are 20 differentially abundant seed proteins between the two-rowed Conrad and six-rowed Lacey cultivars. Conclusion This study paves the way for the use of a top-down gel-free proteomics strategy in barley for investigating more complex traits such as malting quality. Differential abundance of hordoindoline proteins impact the seed hardness trait of barley cultivars. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3408-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramamurthy Mahalingam
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, 502 Walnut Street, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
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Singh N, Kumar R, Kumar S, Singh PK, Yadav VK, Ranade SA, Yadav HK. Genetic diversity, population structure and association analysis in linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 23:207-219. [PMID: 28250596 PMCID: PMC5313412 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-016-0408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to explore the level of genetic diversity, determine the population structure in a larger set of germplasm of linseed using microsatellite marker and identify linked markers through association mapping. A total of 168 accessions of linseed were evaluated for major agro-economic traits and SSRs markers deployed for diversity assessment. A total of 337 alleles were amplified by 50 SSRs ranging from 2 to 13 with an average of 6.74 ± 2.8 alleles per loci. The neighbor joining based clustering grouped all the accessions into three major clusters that were also confirmed by scatter plot of PCoA. While model based clustering determined four sub-populations (K = 4). Further, analysis of molecular variance analysis considering three population showed that maximum variation (79%) was within the population. We identified one putative SSR marker (Lu_3043) linked with days to 50% flowering through both GLM and MLM analysis of association mapping. The results of this preliminary study revealed genetic diversity, population structure in linseed and linked marker which could be utilized in future breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP 226001 India
| | - Rajendra Kumar
- Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research (UPCAR), Vibhuti Khand, Gomatinagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Sujit Kumar
- Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research (UPCAR), Vibhuti Khand, Gomatinagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | | | - V. K. Yadav
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - S. A. Ranade
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP 226001 India
| | - Hemant Kumar Yadav
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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Zeng DD, Qin R, Li M, Alamin M, Jin XL, Liu Y, Shi CH. The ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (OsFd-GOGAT) participates in leaf senescence and the nitrogen remobilization in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 292:385-395. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim HJ, Nam HG, Lim PO. Regulatory network of NAC transcription factors in leaf senescence. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 33:48-56. [PMID: 27314623 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is finely tuned by many regulatory factors such as NAC (NAM/ATAF/CUC) transcription factors (TFs). NACs comprise one of the largest families of TFs in plants, many of which are differentially regulated during leaf senescence and play a major role in leaf senescence. Recent studies advanced our understanding on the structural and functional features of NAC TFs including target binding specificities of the N-terminal DNA binding domain and dynamic interaction of the C-terminal intrinsically disordered domain with other proteins. NAC TFs control other NACs and also interact with NACs or other TFs to fine-tune the expression of target genes. These studies clearly demonstrated the highly complex characteristics of NAC regulatory networks, which are dynamically regulated temporally and spatially and effectively integrate multiple developmental and environmental signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Kim
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Gil Nam
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea; Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea.
| | - Pyung Ok Lim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea.
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Checovich ML, Galatro A, Moriconi JI, Simontacchi M, Dubcovsky J, Santa-María GE. The stay-green phenotype of TaNAM-RNAi wheat plants is associated with maintenance of chloroplast structure and high enzymatic antioxidant activity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 104:257-265. [PMID: 27061370 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
TaNAM transcription factors play an important role in controlling senescence, which in turn, influences the delivery of nitrogen, iron and other elements to the grain of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants, thus contributing to grain nutritional value. While lack or diminished expression of TaNAMs determines a stay-green phenotype, the precise effect of these factors on chloroplast structure has not been studied. In this work we focused on the events undergone by chloroplasts in two wheat lines having either control or diminished TaNAM expression due to RNA interference (RNAi). It was found that in RNAi plants maintenance of chlorophyll levels and maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II were associated with lack of chloroplast dismantling. Flow cytometer studies and electron microscope analysis showed that RNAi plants conserved organelle ultrastructure and complexity. It was also found that senescence in control plants was accompanied by a low leaf enzymatic antioxidant activity. Lack of chloroplast dismantling in RNAi plants was associated with maintenance of protein and iron concentration in the flag leaf, the opposite being observed in control plants. These data provide a structural basis for the observation that down regulation of TaNAMs confers a functional stay-green phenotype and indicate that the low export of iron and nitrogen from the flag leaf of these plants is concomitant, within the developmental window studied, with lack of chloroplast degradation and high enzymatic antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana L Checovich
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino km 8.2, Chascomús, Buenos Aires 7130, Argentina
| | - Andrea Galatro
- Physical Chemistry-Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL), School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Jorge I Moriconi
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino km 8.2, Chascomús, Buenos Aires 7130, Argentina
| | - Marcela Simontacchi
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Diagonal 113 y 61, La Plata, Buenos Aires, 1900, Argentina
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8515, USA
| | - Guillermo E Santa-María
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino km 8.2, Chascomús, Buenos Aires 7130, Argentina.
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Singh AK, Singh R, Subramani R, Kumar R, Wankhede DP. Molecular Approaches to Understand Nutritional Potential of Coarse Cereals. Curr Genomics 2016; 17:177-92. [PMID: 27252585 PMCID: PMC4869005 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160202215308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coarse grains are important group of crops that constitutes staple food for large population residing primarily in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Coarse grains are designated as nutri-cereals as they are rich in essential amino acids, minerals and vitamins. In spite of having several nutritional virtues in coarse grain as mentioned above, there is still scope for improvement in quality parameters such as cooking qualities, modulation of nutritional constituents and reduction or elimination of anti-nutritional factors. Besides its use in traditional cooking, coarse grains have been used mainly in the weaning food preparation and other malted food production. Improvement in quality parameters will certainly increase consumer's preference for coarse grains and increase their demand. The overall genetic gain in quality traits of economic importance in the cultivated varieties will enhance their industrial value and simultaneously increase income of farmers growing these varieties. The urgent step for improvement of quality traits in coarse grains requires a detailed understanding of molecular mechanisms responsible for varied level of different nutritional contents in different genotypes of these crops. In this review we have discussed the progresses made in understanding of coarse grain biology with various omics tool coupled with modern breeding approaches and the current status with regard to our effort towards dissecting traits related to improvement of quality and nutritional constituents of grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Singh
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajkumar Subramani
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
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42
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Guo B, Luan H, Lin S, Lv C, Zhang X, Xu R. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Two Barley Cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L.) with Contrasting Grain Protein Content. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:542. [PMID: 27200019 PMCID: PMC4843811 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Grain protein contents (GPCs) of barley seeds are significantly different between feed and malting barley cultivars. However, there is still no insight into the proteomic analysis of seed proteins between feed and malting barley cultivars. Also, the genetic control of barley GPC is still unclear. GPCs were measured between mature grains of Yangsimai 3 and Naso Nijo. A proteome profiling of differentially expressed protein was established by using a combination of 2-DE and tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 502 reproducible protein spots in barley seed proteome were detected with a pH range of 4-7 and 6-11, among these 41 protein spots (8.17%) were detected differentially expressed between Yangsimai 3 and Naso Nijo. Thirty-four protein spots corresponding to 23 different proteins were identified, which were grouped into eight categories, including stress, protein degradation and post-translational modification, development, cell, signaling, glycolysis, starch metabolism, and other functions. Among the identified proteins, enolase (spot 274) and small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (spot 271) are exclusively expressed in barley Yangsimai 3, which may be involved in regulating seed protein expression. In addition, malting quality is characterized by an accumulation of serpin protein, Alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor CMb and Alpha-amylase inhibitor BDAI-1. Most noticeably, globulin, an important storage protein in barley seed, undergoes post-translational processing in both cultivars, and also displays different expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Barley Research Institution of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Haiye Luan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Barley Research Institution of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
- JiangSu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural SciencesYancheng, China
| | - Shen Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Barley Research Institution of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Barley Research Institution of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Barley Research Institution of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Rugen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Barley Research Institution of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
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43
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Ingvordsen CH, Gislum R, Jørgensen JR, Mikkelsen TN, Stockmarr A, Jørgensen RB. Grain protein concentration and harvestable protein under future climate conditions. A study of 108 spring barley accessions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:2151-2158. [PMID: 26889013 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study a set of 108 spring barley (H. vulgare L.) accessions were cultivated under predicted future levels of temperature and [CO2] as single factors and in combination (IPCC, AR5, RCP8.5). Across all genotypes, elevated [CO2] (700 ppm day/night) slightly decreased protein concentration by 5%, while elevated temperature (+5 °C day/night) substantially increased protein concentration by 29%. The combined treatment increased protein concentration across accessions by 8%. This was an increase less than predicted from strictly additive effects of the individual treatments. Despite the increase in grain protein concentration, the decrease in grain yield at combined elevated temperature and elevated [CO2] resulted in 23% less harvestable protein. There was variation in the response of the 108 accessions, which might be exploited to at least maintain if not increase harvestable grain protein under future climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine H Ingvordsen
- Atmospheric Environment, DTU Environmental engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 115, DK - 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - René Gislum
- Department of Agroecology, AU-Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Johannes R Jørgensen
- Department of Agroecology, AU-Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Teis N Mikkelsen
- Atmospheric Environment, DTU Environmental engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 115, DK - 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Stockmarr
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Matematiktorvet, Bld. 324, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rikke B Jørgensen
- Atmospheric Environment, DTU Environmental engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 115, DK - 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Wu G, Peterson AJ, Morris CF, Murphy KM. Quinoa Seed Quality Response to Sodium Chloride and Sodium Sulfate Salinity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:790. [PMID: 27375648 PMCID: PMC4891947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an Andean crop with an edible seed that both contains high protein content and provides high quality protein with a balanced amino acid profile in embryonic tissues. Quinoa is a halophyte adapted to harsh environments with highly saline soil. In this study, four quinoa varieties were grown under six salinity treatments and two levels of fertilization, and then evaluated for quinoa seed quality characteristics, including protein content, seed hardness, and seed density. Concentrations of 8, 16, and 32 dS m(-1) of NaCl and Na2SO4, were applied to the soil medium across low (1 g N, 0.29 g P, 0.29 g K per pot) and high (3 g N, 0.85 g P, 0.86 g K per pot) fertilizer treatments. Seed protein content differed across soil salinity treatments, varieties, and fertilization levels. Protein content of quinoa grown under salinized soil ranged from 13.0 to 16.7%, comparable to that from non-saline conditions. NaCl and Na2SO4 exhibited different impacts on protein content. Whereas the different concentrations of NaCl did not show differential effects on protein content, the seed from 32 dS m(-1) Na2SO4 contained the highest protein content. Seed hardness differed among varieties, and was moderately influenced by salinity level (P = 0.09). Seed density was affected significantly by variety and Na2SO4 concentration, but was unaffected by NaCl concentration. The samples from 8 dS m(-1) Na2SO4 soil had lower density (0.66 g/cm(3)) than those from 16 dS m(-1) and 32 dS m(-1) Na2SO4, 0.74 and 0.72g/cm(3), respectively. This paper identifies changes in critical seed quality traits of quinoa as influenced by soil salinity and fertility, and offers insights into variety response and choice across different abiotic stresses in the field environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Wu
- School of Food Science, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, USA
| | - Adam J. Peterson
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, USA
| | - Craig F. Morris
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service-Western Wheat Quality Laboratory, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, USA
| | - Kevin M. Murphy
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State UniversityPullman, WA, USA
- *Correspondence: Kevin M. Murphy,
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Kang Y, Sakiroglu M, Krom N, Stanton-Geddes J, Wang M, Lee YC, Young ND, Udvardi M. Genome-wide association of drought-related and biomass traits with HapMap SNPs in Medicago truncatula. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:1997-2011. [PMID: 25707512 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Improving drought tolerance of crop plants is a major goal of plant breeders. In this study, we characterized biomass and drought-related traits of 220 Medicago truncatula HapMap accessions. Characterized traits included shoot biomass, maximum leaf size, specific leaf weight, stomatal density, trichome density and shoot carbon-13 isotope discrimination (δ(13) C) of well-watered M. truncatula plants, and leaf performance in vitro under dehydration stress. Genome-wide association analyses were carried out using the general linear model (GLM), the standard mixed linear model (MLM) and compressed MLM (CMLM) in TASSEL, which revealed significant overestimation of P-values by CMLM. For each trait, candidate genes and chromosome regions containing SNP markers were found that are in significant association with the trait. For plant biomass, a 0.5 Mbp region on chromosome 2 harbouring a plasma membrane intrinsic protein, PIP2, was discovered that could potentially be targeted to increase dry matter yield. A protein disulfide isomerase-like protein was found to be tightly associated with both shoot biomass and leaf size. A glutamate-cysteine ligase and an aldehyde dehydrogenase family protein with Arabidopsis homologs strongly expressed in the guard cells were two of the top genes identified by stomata density genome-wide association studies analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kang
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Krom
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | | | - Mingyi Wang
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Yi-Ching Lee
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Nevin D Young
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Michael Udvardi
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
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Podzimska-Sroka D, O'Shea C, Gregersen PL, Skriver K. NAC Transcription Factors in Senescence: From Molecular Structure to Function in Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 4:412-48. [PMID: 27135336 PMCID: PMC4844398 DOI: 10.3390/plants4030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Within the last decade, NAC transcription factors have been shown to play essential roles in senescence, which is the focus of this review. Transcriptome analyses associate approximately one third of Arabidopsis NAC genes and many crop NAC genes with senescence, thereby implicating NAC genes as important regulators of the senescence process. The consensus DNA binding site of the NAC domain is used to predict NAC target genes, and protein interaction sites can be predicted for the intrinsically disordered transcription regulatory domains of NAC proteins. The molecular characteristics of these domains determine the interactions in gene regulatory networks. Emerging local NAC-centered gene regulatory networks reveal complex molecular mechanisms of stress- and hormone-regulated senescence and basic physiological steps of the senescence process. For example, through molecular interactions involving the hormone abscisic acid, Arabidopsis NAP promotes chlorophyll degradation, a hallmark of senescence. Furthermore, studies of the functional rice ortholog, OsNAP, suggest that NAC genes can be targeted to obtain specific changes in lifespan control and nutrient remobilization in crop plants. This is also exemplified by the wheat NAM1 genes which promote senescence and increase grain zinc, iron, and protein content. Thus, NAC genes are promising targets for fine-tuning senescence for increased yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Podzimska-Sroka
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, Slagelse DK-4200, Denmark.
| | - Charlotte O'Shea
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 5 Ole Maaloesvej, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark.
| | - Per L Gregersen
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, Slagelse DK-4200, Denmark.
| | - Karen Skriver
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 5 Ole Maaloesvej, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark.
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Ye L, Huang Y, Dai F, Ning H, Li C, Zhou M, Zhang G. Identification of two key genes controlling chill haze stability of beer in barley (Hordeum vulgare L). BMC Genomics 2015; 16:449. [PMID: 26059687 PMCID: PMC4461983 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In bright beer, haze formation is a serious quality problem, degrading beer quality and reducing its shelf life. The quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L) malt, as the main raw material for beer brewing, largely affects the colloidal stability of beer. Results In this study, the genetic mechanism of the factors affecting beer haze stability in barley was studied. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of alcohol chill haze (ACH) in beer was carried out using a Franklin/Yerong double haploid (DH) population. One QTL, named as qACH, was detected for ACH, and it was located on the position of about 108 cM in chromosome 4H and can explain about 20 % of the phenotypic variation. Two key haze active proteins, BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd were identified by proteomics analysis. Bioinformatics analysis showed that BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd had the same position as qACH in the chromosome. It may be deduced that BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd are candidate genes for qACH, controlling colloidal stability of beer. Polymorphism comparison between Yerong and Franklin in the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd detected the corresponding gene specific markers, which could be used in marker-assisted selection for malt barley breeding. Conclusions We identified a novel QTL, qACH controlling chill haze of beer, and two key haze active proteins, BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd. And further analysis showed that BATI-CMb and BATI-CMd might be the candidate genes associated with beer chill haze. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1683-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhen Ye
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.,Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South, Perth, Australia
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Dai
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajiang Ning
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South, Perth, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, P.O.Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS 7249, Hobart, Australia
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Ren X, Sun D, Sun G. Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:803. [PMID: 26483818 PMCID: PMC4588695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The origin, evolution, and distribution of cultivated barley provides powerful insights into the historic origin and early spread of agrarian culture. Here, population-based genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the evolution and origin of barley and how domestication and subsequent introgression have affected the genetic diversity and changes in cultivated barley on a worldwide scale. A set of worldwide cultivated and wild barleys from Asia and Tibet of China were analyzed using the sequences for NAM-1 gene and gene-associated traits-grain protein content (GPC). Our results showed Tibetan wild barley distinctly diverged from Near Eastern barley, and confirmed that Tibet is one of the origin and domestication centers for cultivated barley, and in turn supported a polyphyletic origin of domesticated barley. Comparison of haplotype composition among geographic regions revealed gene flow between Eastern and Western barley populations, suggesting that the Silk Road might have played a crucial role in the spread of genes. The GPC in the 118 cultivated and 93 wild barley accessions ranged from 6.73 to 12.35% with a mean of 9.43%. Overall, wild barley had higher averaged GPC (10.44%) than cultivated barley. Two unique haplotypes (Hap2 and Hap7) caused by a base mutations (at position 544) in the coding region of the NAM-1 gene might have a significant impact on the GPC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of NAM-1 associated with GPC in barley could provide a useful method for screening GPC in barley germplasm. The Tibetan wild accessions with lower GPC could be useful for malt barley breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Xifeng Ren
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Dongfa Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dongfa Sun, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, ; Genlou Sun, Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada,
| | - Genlou Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University, HalifaxNS, Canada
- *Correspondence: Dongfa Sun, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, ; Genlou Sun, Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada,
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Genome-wide association mapping for kernel and malting quality traits using historical European barley records. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110046. [PMID: 25372869 PMCID: PMC4221631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Malting quality is an important trait in breeding barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). It requires elaborate, expensive phenotyping, which involves micro-malting experiments. Although there is abundant historical information available for different cultivars in different years and trials, that historical information is not often used in genetic analyses. This study aimed to exploit historical records to assist in identifying genomic regions that affect malting and kernel quality traits in barley. This genome-wide association study utilized information on grain yield and 18 quality traits accumulated over 25 years on 174 European spring and winter barley cultivars combined with diversity array technology markers. Marker-trait associations were tested with a mixed linear model. This model took into account the genetic relatedness between cultivars based on principal components scores obtained from marker information. We detected 140 marker-trait associations. Some of these associations confirmed previously known quantitative trait loci for malting quality (on chromosomes 1H, 2H, and 5H). Other associations were reported for the first time in this study. The genetic correlations between traits are discussed in relation to the chromosomal regions associated with the different traits. This approach is expected to be particularly useful when designing strategies for multiple trait improvements.
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50
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Determination of grain protein content by near-infrared spectrometry and multivariate calibration in barley. Food Chem 2014; 162:10-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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