1
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Jiang P, Wang X, Wang R. Improving grape fruit quality through soil conditioner: Insights from RNA-seq analysis of Cabernet Sauvignon roots. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220864. [PMID: 38737104 PMCID: PMC11087741 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of fertilizers and soil quality are crucial for grape fruit quality. However, the molecular data linking different fertilizer (or soil conditioner [SC]) treatments with grape fruit quality is still lacking. In this study, we investigated three soil treatments, namely inorganic fertilizer (NPK, 343.5 kg/hm2 urea [N ≥ 46%]; 166.5 kg/hm2 P2O5 [P2O5 ≥ 64%]; 318 kg/hm2 K2O [K2O ≥ 50%]), organic fertilizer (Org, 9 t/hm2 [organic matter content ≥ 35%, N + P2O5 + K2O ≥ 13%]), and SC (SC, 3 t/hm2 [humic acid ≥ 38.5%; C, 56.1%; H, 3.7%; N, 1.5%; O, 38%; S, 0.6%]), on 4-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines. Compared with the NPK- and Org-treated groups, the SC significantly improved the levels of soluble solids, tannins, anthocyanins, and total phenols in the grape berries, which are important biochemical indicators that affect wine quality. Furthermore, we conducted RNA-seq analysis on the grapevine roots from each of the three treatments and used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify five hub genes that were associated with the biochemical indicators of the grape berries. Furthermore, we validated the expression levels of three hub genes (ERF, JP, and SF3B) and five selected genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis (UFGT1, UFGT2, UFGT3, GST, and AT) by using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Compared to the NPK and Org treatment groups, the SC treatment resulted in a significant increase in the transcription levels of three hub genes as well as VvUFGT1, VvUFGT3, VvGST, and VvAT. These results suggest that the SC can improve grape fruit quality by altering gene transcription patterns in grapevine roots and further influence the biochemical indices of grape fruits, particularly anthocyanin content. This study reveals that the application of SC can serve as an important measure for enhancing vineyard SC and elevating grape quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan750021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Ningxia Research Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Yinchuan750001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan750021, P.R. China
- Ningxia Grape and Wine Research Institute, Yinchuan750021, P.R. China
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2
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Li H, Yang Y, Zhang W, Zheng H, Xu X, Li H, Sun C, Hu H, Zhao W, Ma R, Tao J. Promoter replication of grape MYB transcription factor is associated with a new red flesh phenotype. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:136. [PMID: 38709311 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE In our study, we discovered a fragment duplication autoregulation mechanism in 'ZS-HY', which may be the reason for the phenotype of red foliage and red flesh in grapes. In grapes, MYBA1 and MYBA2 are the main genetic factors responsible for skin coloration which are located at the color loci on chromosome 2, but the exact genes responsible for color have not been identified in the flesh. We used a new teinturier grape germplasm 'ZhongShan-HongYu' (ZS-HY) which accumulate anthocyanin both in skin and flesh as experimental materials. All tissues of 'ZS-HY' contained cyanidin 3-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl glucoside), and pelargonidins were detected in skin, flesh, and tendril. Through gene expression analysis at different stage of flesh, significant differences in the expression levels of VvMYBA1 were found. Gene amplification analysis showed that the VvMYBA1 promoter is composed of two alleles, VvMYBA1a and 'VvMYBA1c-like'. An insertion of a 408 bp repetitive fragment was detected in the allele 'VvMYBA1c-like'. In this process, we found the 408 bp repetitive fragment was co-segregated with red flesh and foliage phenotype. Our results revealed that the 408 bp fragment replication insertion in promoter of 'VvMYBA1c-like' was the target of its protein, and the number of repeat fragments was related to the increase of trans-activation of VvMYBA1 protein. The activation of promoter by VvMYBA1 was enhanced by the addition of VvMYC1. In addition, VvMYBA1 interacted with VvMYC1 to promote the expression of VvGT1 and VvGST4 genes in 'ZS-HY'. The discovery of this mutation event provides new insights into the regulation of VvMYBA1 on anthocyanin accumulation in red-fleshed grape, which is of great significance for molecular breeding of red-fleshed table grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Seed and Facility Agricultural Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China
| | - Yaxin Yang
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huan Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xianbin Xu
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haoran Li
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chenxu Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haipeng Hu
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wanli Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruiyang Ma
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianmin Tao
- College of Horticulture, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang, China.
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3
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Wang W, Liu Y, Di J, Wang Y, Deng B, Yang J, Li Z, Zhang L. Impacts of Selenium-Chitosan Treatment on Color of "Red Globe" Grapes during Low-Temperature Storage. Foods 2024; 13:499. [PMID: 38338634 PMCID: PMC10855749 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the vibrant color of fruit is a longstanding challenge in fruit and vegetable preservation. Chitosan and selenium, known for their protective and antioxidant properties, have been applied to preserve these produce. This study aimed to investigate the influence of selenium-chitosan treatment (comprising 25 mg L-1 selenium and 1.0% chitosan) on the color of "Red Globe" grapes and to analyze the relative expression of genes associated with anthocyanin synthesis enzymes (VvCHS, VvCHI, VvF3H, VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H, VvDFR, VvLDOX, VvUFGT, VvOMT, Vv5GT, and VvGST) using RT-qPCR. Our goal was to uncover the regulatory mechanisms governing grape color. Comparing various treatments, we observed that selenium-chitosan treatment had a significant effect in reducing decay, maintaining the soluble solids content of grape flesh, and preserving the vivid color of grape. This research indicated that selenium-chitosan treatment slowed down browning and prevented the reduction in total phenolic, flavonoids, and anthocyanin in the grape. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed that selenium-chitosan treatment increased the expression of VvCHS, VvF3H, VvF'3'H, VvLDOX, and Vv5GT, while also stabilized the expression of VvCHI, VvF3'H, and VvDFR in grape skins. These findings shed light on the potential mechanism by which selenium-chitosan impacts grape color. This study established a theoretical foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms behind selenium-chitosan's ability to slow down grape browning and provides a novel approach to enhancing fruit and vegetable preservation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaping Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China; (W.W.); (J.D.); (Y.W.); (B.D.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.)
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4
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Ren R, Chen H, Xie R, Yuan H, Xie S, Zhang Z. Manganese sulfate application promotes berry flavonoid accumulation in Vitis vinifera cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' by regulating flavonoid metabolome and transcriptome profiles. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1092-1106. [PMID: 37782112 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are vital for the development of high-quality grapes and wine, and manganese deficiency decreases grape berry coloration. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of manganese sulfate on grape metabolic profiles have not been adequately researched. In this study, three concentrations of manganese sulfate solutions, 0.5 μmol·L-1 (low, L), 5 μmol·L-1 (middle, M - the standard manganese concentration of Hoagland nutrient solution, control), and 1000 μmol·L-1 (high, H), were applied to the 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to explore the effect on berry composition. RESULTS Manganese application improved manganese concentration effectively in grape organs. Furthermore, the concentrations of malvidin 3-O-(6-O-acetyl)-glucoside, malvidin 3-O-glucoside, malvidin-trans-3-O-(6-O-p-coumaryl)-glucoside, and peonidin 3-O-(6-O-acetyl)-glucoside increased significantly under H treatment. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the structural genes (VvDFR, VvUFGT, and VvOMT) of flavonoid biosynthesis were upregulated under H treatment, and their transcription levels correlated positively with malvidin- and peonidin-derived anthocyanin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that manganese application regulates berry transcriptional and flavonoid metabolic profiles, providing a theoretical basis for improving the color of red grapes and wines. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ren
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huangzhao Chen
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Xie
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haohao Yuan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sha Xie
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Zhongguancun Innovation Center, Yinchuan, China
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5
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Davosir D, Šola I, Ludwig-Müller J, Šeruga Musić M. Flavescence Dorée Strain-Specific Impact on Phenolic Metabolism Dynamics in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera) throughout the Development of Phytoplasma Infection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:189-199. [PMID: 38113060 PMCID: PMC10786034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FDp) is a phytopathogenic bacterium associated with Grapevine yellowS disease, which causes heavy damage to viticultural production. Epidemiological data revealed that some FDp strains appear to be more widespread and aggressive. However, there is no data on mechanisms underlying the variable pathogenicity among strains. In this research, we employed chromatographic and spectrophotometric techniques to assess how two strains of FDp influence the levels of grapevine phenolic compounds, which are frequently utilized as indicative markers of stress conditions. The results pointed to the upregulation of all branches of phenolic metabolism through the development of infection, correlating with the increase in antioxidative capacity. The more aggressive strain M54 induced stronger downregulation of phenolics' accumulation at the beginning and higher upregulation by the end of the season than the less aggressive M38 strain. These findings reveal potential targets of FDp effectors and provide the first functional demonstration of variable pathogenicity between FDp strains, suggesting the need for future comparative genomic analyses of FDp strains as an important factor in exploring the management possibilities of FDp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Davosir
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty
of Biology, Technische Universität
Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ivana Šola
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jutta Ludwig-Müller
- Faculty
of Biology, Technische Universität
Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Šeruga Musić
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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6
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Singh S, Shukla A, Sharma S. Overview of Natural Supplements for the Management of Diabetes and Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e061123223235. [PMID: 37933216 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998262859231020071715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds found in various natural sources, such as fruits, vegetables, and herbs, have been studied for their potential benefits in managing obesity and diabetes. These compounds include polyphenols, flavonoids, other antioxidants, fiber, and certain fatty acids. Studies have found that these compounds may improve insulin sensitivity, regulate blood sugar levels, and promote weight loss. However, the effects of these compounds can vary depending on the type and amount consumed, as well as individual factors, such as genetics and lifestyle. Nutraceutical substances have multifaceted therapeutic advantages, and they have been reported to have disease-prevention and health-promoting properties. Several clinically used nutraceuticals have been shown to target the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome and their complications and modulate various clinical outcomes favorably. This review aims to highlight and comment on some of the most prominent natural components used as antidiabetics and in managing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Arpit Shukla
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Shiwangi Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
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7
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Zhang C, Dai Z, Ferrier T, Orduña L, Santiago A, Peris A, Wong DCJ, Kappel C, Savoi S, Loyola R, Amato A, Kozak B, Li M, Liang A, Carrasco D, Meyer-Regueiro C, Espinoza C, Hilbert G, Figueroa-Balderas R, Cantu D, Arroyo-Garcia R, Arce-Johnson P, Claudel P, Errandonea D, Rodríguez-Concepción M, Duchêne E, Huang SSC, Castellarin SD, Tornielli GB, Barrieu F, Matus JT. MYB24 orchestrates terpene and flavonol metabolism as light responses to anthocyanin depletion in variegated grape berries. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:4238-4265. [PMID: 37648264 PMCID: PMC10689149 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Variegation is a rare type of mosaicism not fully studied in plants, especially fruits. We examined red and white sections of grape (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Béquignol') variegated berries and found that accumulation of products from branches of the phenylpropanoid and isoprenoid pathways showed an opposite tendency. Light-responsive flavonol and monoterpene levels increased in anthocyanin-depleted areas in correlation with increasing MYB24 expression. Cistrome analysis suggested that MYB24 binds to the promoters of 22 terpene synthase (TPS) genes, as well as 32 photosynthesis/light-related genes, including carotenoid pathway members, the flavonol regulator HY5 HOMOLOGUE (HYH), and other radiation response genes. Indeed, TPS35, TPS09, the carotenoid isomerase gene CRTISO2, and HYH were activated in the presence of MYB24 and MYC2. We suggest that MYB24 modulates ultraviolet and high-intensity visible light stress responses that include terpene and flavonol synthesis and potentially affects carotenoids. The MYB24 regulatory network is developmentally triggered after the onset of berry ripening, while the absence of anthocyanin sunscreens accelerates its activation, likely in a dose-dependent manner due to increased radiation exposure. Anthocyanins and flavonols in variegated berry skins act as effective sunscreens but for different wavelength ranges. The expression patterns of stress marker genes in red and white sections of 'Béquignol' berries strongly suggest that MYB24 promotes light stress amelioration but only partly succeeds during late ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Thilia Ferrier
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, University of Bordeaux, INRAE, ISVV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Luis Orduña
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Santiago
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Arnau Peris
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Darren C J Wong
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Christian Kappel
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Stefania Savoi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Loyola
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Bartosz Kozak
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Akun Liang
- Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV-MALTA Consolider Team, Universitat de València, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Carrasco
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-INIA, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Meyer-Regueiro
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Carmen Espinoza
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, University of Bordeaux, INRAE, ISVV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Rosa Figueroa-Balderas
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dario Cantu
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rosa Arroyo-Garcia
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-INIA, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricio Arce-Johnson
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma deChile
| | | | - Daniel Errandonea
- Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV-MALTA Consolider Team, Universitat de València, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Concepción
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Eric Duchêne
- SVQV, University of Strasbourg, INRAE, Colmar 68000, France
| | - Shao-shan Carol Huang
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Simone Diego Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | | | - Francois Barrieu
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, University of Bordeaux, INRAE, ISVV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
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8
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Long L, Zhao XT, Feng YM, Fan ZH, Zhao JR, Wu JF, Xu FC, Yuan M, Gao W. Profile of cotton flavonoids: Their composition and important roles in development and adaptation to adverse environments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107866. [PMID: 37392667 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is a commercial crop that is cultivated in more than 50 countries. The production of cotton has severely diminished in recent years owing to adverse environments. Thus, it is a high priority of the cotton industry to produce resistant cultivars to prevent diminished cotton yields and quality. Flavonoids comprise one of the most important groups of phenolic metabolites in plants. However, the advantage and biological roles of flavonoids in cotton have yet not been studied in depth. In this study, we performed a widely targeted metabolic study and identified 190 flavonoids in cotton leaves that span seven different classes with flavones and flavonols as the dominant groups. Furthermore, flavanone-3-hydroxylase was cloned and silenced to knock down flavonoid production. The results show that the inhibition of flavonoid biosynthesis affects the growth and development of cotton and causes semi-dwarfing in cotton seedlings. We also revealed that the flavonoids contribute to cotton defense against ultraviolet radiation and Verticillium dahliae. Moreover, we discuss the promising role of flavonoids in cotton development and defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. This study provides valuable information to study the variety and biological functions of flavonoids in cotton and will help to profile the advantages of flavonoids in cotton breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Long
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China; School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan, 4750004, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Henan, 475004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China
| | - Ya-Mei Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hao Fan
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan, 4750004, PR China
| | - Jing-Ruo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China
| | - Jian-Feng Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China; School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan, 4750004, PR China
| | - Fu-Chun Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China; Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi, 046000, PR China
| | - Man Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan, 475004, PR China; School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan, 4750004, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Henan, 475004, PR China.
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9
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Peña-Neira A, Cortiella MGI, Ubeda C, Pastenes C, Villalobos L, Contador L, Infante R, Gómez C. Phenolic, Polysaccharides Composition, and Texture Properties during Ripening and Storage Time of New Table Grape Cultivars in Chile. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2488. [PMID: 37447049 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the phenolic and polysaccharidic composition, texture properties, and gene expression of new seedless table grape cultivars Timco™ and Krissy™ and compare them to the traditional table grape variety Crimson Seedless (Vitis vinifera L.), during ripening and in commercial postharvest conditions. According to the results, phenolic compounds were present in very different proportions. The total anthocyanins responsible for skin color increased during maturation and the majority anthocyanin in the three cultivars was peonidin-3-glucoside, followed by malvidin-3-glucoside. The phenolic compounds presented a different behavior (decreasing or increasing) during postharvest. The total skin soluble polysaccharides decreased during ripening and postharvest in Crimson Seedless and Krissy™ and remained constant from technological maturity to postharvest storage in Timco™. In all cultivars, the majority soluble polysaccharide fraction was that with a molecular mass between 500 and 35 KDa. The skin mechanical properties of table grapes were good parameters for differentiating varieties, with better results for the new cultivars, compared to the traditional Crimson Seedless, especially in postharvest. Genes involved in the flavonoid pathway and cell wall metabolism in skins exhibited an increase in expression from veraison to remaining constant at the end of the berry ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Peña-Neira
- Department of Agro-Industry and Enology, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Mariona Gil I Cortiella
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel, Santiago 8910060, Chile
| | - Cristina Ubeda
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/P. García González no. 2, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Claudio Pastenes
- Department of Plant Production, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Luís Villalobos
- Department of Plant Production, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Loreto Contador
- Department of Plant Production, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Infante
- Department of Plant Production, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Camila Gómez
- Department of Agro-Industry and Enology, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile
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10
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Ferrari M, Muto A, Bruno L, Muzzalupo I, Chiappetta A. Modulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis-Related Genes during the Ripening of Olea europaea L. cvs Carolea and Tondina Drupes in Relation to Environmental Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108770. [PMID: 37240115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins protect plants against various biotic and abiotic stresses, and anthocyanin-rich foods exert benefits on human health due to their antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, little information is available on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the anthocyanin content in olive fruits. Based on this consideration, the total anthocyanin content, the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, and three putative R2R3-MYB transcription factors were evaluated at different ripening stages in the drupes of the Carolea and Tondina cultivars, sampled at different altitudes in the Calabria region, Italy. During drupe ripening, the total anthocyanin content and the transcript levels of analyzed genes gradually increased. In line with the anthocyanin content, a different level of expression of anthocyanin structural genes was observed in 'Carolea' compared to 'Tondina', and in relation to the cultivation area. Furthermore, we identified Oeu050989.1 as a putative R2R3-MYB involved in the regulation of anthocyanin structural genes correlated with the environmental temperature change response. We conclude that anthocyanin accumulation is strongly regulated by development, genotype, and also by environmental factors such as temperature, associated with the altitude gradient. The obtained results contribute to reducing the current information gap regarding the molecular mechanisms on anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation related to the environmental conditions in Olea europaea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ferrari
- Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Antonella Muto
- Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Innocenzo Muzzalupo
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis, Forestry and Wood Research Center, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Adriana Chiappetta
- Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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11
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Ju Y, Wang W, Yue X, Xue W, Zhang Y, Fang Y. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism underlying the accumulation of anthocyanins and other flavonoids in the flesh and skin of teinturier grapes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 197:107667. [PMID: 37001306 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Vitis vinifera 'Yan73' is a teinturier grape cultivar with red flesh. To explore the mechanism of berry color development, we performed an integrated flavonoid-targeted analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome of the skin and flesh of Yan73 berries collected at three phenological stages (E-L 31, E-L 35, and E-L 38). We identified 234 flavonoid-related metabolites, including 61 flavonols, 22 anthocyanins, and 61 other flavonoids. Most flavonoid metabolites accumulated continuously during berry development and attained the highest contents in the skin at E-L 38. The transcript level of crucial genes (C4H, CHS, and GST) was highest in the skin at E-L 38. Seventeen distinct modules were identified in a weighted gene correlation network analysis. The MEcoral1 module was probably correlated with flavonoid metabolism and comprised 623 unigenes. The findings provide insights into the regulation of flavonoid metabolites during berry development of Yan73 grape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlun Ju
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A & F University, Heyang, Shaanxi, 715300, China.
| | - Wanni Wang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Wen Xue
- Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yulin Zhang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A & F University, Heyang, Shaanxi, 715300, China.
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12
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Miliordos DE, Alatzas A, Kontoudakis N, Unlubayir M, Hatzopoulos P, Lanoue A, Kotseridis Y. Benzothiadiazole Affects Grape Polyphenol Metabolism and Wine Quality in Two Greek Cultivars: Effects during Ripening Period over Two Years. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1179. [PMID: 36904039 PMCID: PMC10005230 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Grape berries are one of the most important sources of phenolic compounds, either consumed fresh or as wine. A pioneer practice aiming to enrich grape phenolic content has been developed based on the application of biostimulants such as agrochemicals initially designed to induce resistance against plant pathogens. A field experiment was conducted in two growing seasons (2019-2020) to investigate the effect of benzothiadiazole on polyphenol biosynthesis during grape ripening in Mouhtaro (red-colored) and Savvatiano (white-colored) varieties. Grapevines were treated at the stage of veraison with 0.3 mM and 0.6 mM benzothiadiazole. The phenolic content of grapes, as well as the expression level of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were evaluated and showed an induction of genes specifically engaged in anthocyanins and stilbenoids biosynthesis. Experimental wines deriving from benzothiadiazole-treated grapes exhibited increased amounts of phenolic compounds in both varietal wines, as well as an enhancement in anthocyanin content of Mouhtaro wines. Taken together, benzothiadiazole can be utilized to induce the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with oenological interest and to improve the quality characteristics of grapes produced under organic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios-Evangelos Miliordos
- Laboratory of Oenology and Alcoholic Beverage Drinks, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Anastasios Alatzas
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kontoudakis
- Laboratory of Oenology and Alcoholic Beverage Drinks, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Oenology, International Hellenic University, 1st Km Drama-Mikrochori, 66100 Drama, Greece
| | - Marianne Unlubayir
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Polydefkis Hatzopoulos
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Yorgos Kotseridis
- Laboratory of Oenology and Alcoholic Beverage Drinks, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
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13
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Liu C, Yang X, He Y, Chen Q, Huang Y, Yan Z, Liu D, Feng G. Fine mapping and characterisation of a PV-PUR mediating anthocyanin synthesis in snap bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:15. [PMID: 37313298 PMCID: PMC10248652 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin makes snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pods purple, which helps seed dispersal and protects against environmental stress. In this study, we characterised the snap bean purple mutant pv-pur, which has purple cotyledon, hypocotyl, stem, leaf vein, flower and pod tissues. Total anthocyanin, delphinidin and malvidin levels in mutant pods were significantly higher than in wild-type plants. We constructed two populations for fine mapping of the PV-PUR purple mutation gene, located in the 243.9-kb region of chromosome 06. We identified Phvul.006g018800.3, encoding F3'5'H, as a candidate gene for PV-PUR. Six single-base mutations occurred in the coding region of this gene, altering protein structure. PV-PUR and pv-pur genes were transferred into Arabidopsis, respectively. Compared with the wild-type, the leaf base and internode of T-PV-PUR plant were purple, and the phenotype of T-pv-pur plant remained unchanged, which verified the function of the mutant gene. The results demonstrated that PV-PUR is a crucial gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis in snap bean, resulting in purple colouration. The findings lay a foundation for future breeding and improvement of snap bean. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01362-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Yongheng He
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Qifu Chen
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Yucheng Huang
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Zhishan Yan
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Dajun Liu
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
| | - Guojun Feng
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000 China
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14
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Cataldo E, Fucile M, Manzi D, Masini CM, Doni S, Mattii GB. Sustainable Soil Management: Effects of Clinoptilolite and Organic Compost Soil Application on Eco-Physiology, Quercitin, and Hydroxylated, Methoxylated Anthocyanins on Vitis vinifera. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:708. [PMID: 36840056 PMCID: PMC9967315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and compostinS1g methods have an important junction on the phenological and ripening grapevine phases. Moreover, the optimization of these composting methods in closed-loop corporate chains can skillfully address the waste problem (pomace, stalks, and pruning residues) in viticultural areas. Owing to the ongoing global warming, in many wine-growing regions, there has been unbalanced ripening, with tricky harvests. Excessive temperatures in fact impoverish the anthocyanin amount of the must while the serious water deficits do not allow a correct development of the berry, stopping its growth processes. This experiment was created to improve the soil management and the quality of the grapes, through the application of a new land conditioner (Zeowine) to the soil, derived from the compost processes of industrial wine, waste, and zeolite. Three treatments on a Sangiovese vineyard were conducted: Zeowine (ZW) (30 tons per ha), Zeolite (Z) (10 tons per ha), and Compost (C) (20 tons per ha). During the two seasons (2021-2022), measurements were made of single-leaf gas exchange and leaf midday water potential, as well as chlorophyll fluorescence. In addition, the parameters of plant yield, yeast assimilable nitrogen, technological maturity, fractionation of anthocyanins (Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Delphinidin-3-glucoside, Malvidin-3-acetylglucoside, Malvidin-3-cumarylglucoside, Malvidin-3-glucoside, Peonidin-3-acetylglucoside, Peonidin-3-cumarylglucoside, Peonidin-3-glucoside, and Petunidin-3-glucoside), Caffeic Acid, Coumaric Acid, Gallic Acid, Ferulic Acid, Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, Quercetin-3-O-glucoside, Quercetin-3-O-galactoside, and Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide were analyzed. The Zeowine and zeolite showed less negative water potential, higher photosynthesis, and lower leaf temperature. Furthermore, they showed higher levels of anthocyanin accumulation and a lower level of quercetin. Finally, the interaction of the beneficial results of Zeowine (soil and grapevines) was evidenced by the embellishment of the nutritional and water efficiency, the minimizing of the need for fertilizers, the closure of the production cycle of waste material from the supply chain, and the improvement of the quality of the wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cataldo
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Maddalena Fucile
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | | | | | - Serena Doni
- CNR IRET, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Giovan Battista Mattii
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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15
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Kalogiouri NP, Karadimou C, Avgidou MS, Petsa E, Papadakis EN, Theocharis S, Mourtzinos I, Menkissoglu-Spiroudi U, Koundouras S. An Optimized HPLC-DAD Methodology for the Determination of Anthocyanins in Grape Skins of Red Greek Winegrape Cultivars ( Vitis vinifera L.). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27207107. [PMID: 36296699 PMCID: PMC9610061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and simple HPLC-DAD analytical method was developed and optimized for the determination of anthocynanins in three red Greek winegrape varieties (Kotsifali, Limnio, and Vradiano). The critical parameters, such as the acidifying solvent and the extraction temperature, which affect the extraction of anthocyanins from the grapes, were studied to find the optimum values. The developed methodology was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision and presented satisfactory results. The limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged between 0.20 mg/kg to 0.60 mg/kg, and the limits of detection (LODs) ranged between 0.06 mg/kg and 0.12 mg/kg. The RSD% of the within-day and between-day assays were lower than 6.2% and 8.5%, respectively, showing adequate precision. The accuracy ranged between 91.6 and 119% for within-day assay and between 89.9 and 123% for between-day assay. Sixteen samples from the main regions of each variety as well as from the official ampelographic collections of Greece were collected during the 2020 growing season and were further analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Notable differences in the anthocyanin content were detected among the cultivars using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa P. Kalogiouri
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (N.P.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Christina Karadimou
- Laboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary S. Avgidou
- Laboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elissavet Petsa
- Laboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil-Nikolaos Papadakis
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Serafeim Theocharis
- Laboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Urania Menkissoglu-Spiroudi
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Koundouras
- Laboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (N.P.K.); (S.K.)
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16
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Yin H, Wang L, Xi Z. Involvement of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis of Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Skins in Response to Field Screening and In Vitro Culture Irradiating Infrared Radiation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12807-12818. [PMID: 36166715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To study the role of infrared (IR) radiation in the color change of the grape berry, field screening (IR-) and in vitro culture irradiation (IR+) were used. Acylated anthocyanin biosyntheses, including the biosynthesis of malvidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, and their derivatives (acetylation and p-coumaroylation), were inhibited by IR-. IR+ promoted the biosynthesis of malvidin 3-O-glucoside and its derivatives, and IR+ inhibited the biosynthesis of peonidin 3-O-glucoside and its derivatives. WGCNA analysis revealed that the red module positively correlated with the flavonoid pathway. The hub genes were related to the anthocyanin pathway, including VvF3'5'H, VvANS, VvOMT1, VIT_18s0001g09400, and VvGST4. Further, the results revealed that transcription factors like RLK-Pelle, MYB, and C2H2 families were involved in response to IR radiation. Therefore, these results provide a complete understanding of IR radiation in grape skin color formation and the prospect of using supplemental light to improve the overall color of berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Yin
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhumei Xi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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17
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Zhang H, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Liu J, Shi M, Song B. Methylation level of potato gene OMT30376 regulates tuber anthocyanin transformations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1021617. [PMID: 36275587 PMCID: PMC9585915 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1021617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
After anthocyanin synthesis, a variety of anthocyanin compounds are produced through further methylation, glycosylation, and acylation. However, the effect of the potato methylase gene on anthocyanin biosynthesis has not been reported. Red and purple mutation types appear in tubers of the potato cultivar 'Purple Viking' with chimeric skin phenotypes. In this study, transcriptome and anthocyanin metabolome analyses were performed on skin of Purple Viking tubers and associated mutants. According to the metabolome analysis, the transformation of delphinidin into malvidin-3-O-glucoside and petunidin 3-O-glucoside and that of cyanidin into rosinidin O-hexoside and peonidin-3-O-glucoside were hindered in red tubers. Expression of methyltransferase gene OMT30376 was significantly lower in red tubers than in purple ones, whereas the methylation level of OMT30376 was significantly higher in red tubers. In addition, red skin appeared in tubers from purple tuber plants treated with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), indicating the difference between purple and red was caused by the methylation degree of the gene OMT30376. Thus, the results of the study suggest that the OMT30376 gene is involved in the transformation of anthocyanins in potato tubers. The results also provide an important reference to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis and transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xijuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ju Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Minghui Shi
- Yichang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yichang, China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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18
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VanderWeide J, Falchi R, Calderan A, Peterlunger E, Vrhovsek U, Sivilotti P, Sabbatini P. Juxtaposition of the Source-to-Sink Ratio and Fruit Exposure to Solar Radiation on cv. Merlot ( Vitis vinifera L.) Berry Phenolics in a Cool versus Warm Growing Region. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10429-10442. [PMID: 35976259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The grapevine source-to-sink ratio and berry exposure to solar radiation both influence grape flavonoid biosynthesis and accumulation. Here, we compared these concepts on cv. Merlot in two different growing locations (Michigan (MI) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (FVG), IT) to understand whether the environment influences flavonoid sensitivity to these parameters. Three levels of leaf removal (LR0, LR5, LR8) were implemented at the pea-size phenological stage to compare conditions of increased cluster light exposure with a decreasing vine source-to-sink ratio on berry flavonoid accumulation. Treatments did not affect total soluble solids (TSSs) or pH, but titratable acidity (TA) was lower in LR8 at harvest in both locations. LR5 increased anthocyanins and flavonols in MI but decreased most phenolics in FVG. The decreased expression of VviLAR1 and VviF3'5'Hh during ripening supported the lower concentrations of flavan-3-ol monomers and anthocyanins in FVG. In summary, flavonoid biosynthesis and accumulation were more sensitive to solar radiation than the source-to-sink ratio, and the vineyard environment dictated whether solar radiation was beneficial or detrimental to flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua VanderWeide
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Rachele Falchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli studi di Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alberto Calderan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli studi di Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Enrico Peterlunger
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli studi di Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Paolo Sivilotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli studi di Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Sabbatini
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Mikami N, Konya M, Enoki S, Suzuki S. Geraniol as a Potential Stimulant for Improving Anthocyanin Accumulation in Grape Berry Skin through ABA Membrane Transport. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1694. [PMID: 35807646 PMCID: PMC9269297 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, particularly warmer temperature, has resulted in reduced anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skin. Because anthocyanin is a crucial determinant of red wine quality, viticulturists need to devise a solution for mitigating the poor coloration of red/black grape berry skin under elevated temperature conditions. In this study, we investigated the effects of geraniol on anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skins of field-grown grapevines and elucidated the molecular mechanisms of the geraniol-triggered anthocyanin accumulation. Geraniol-treated bunches showed enhanced anthocyanin accumulation in berry skins at harvest (50 days after treatment). Geraniol treatment upregulated the transcription of MybA1 and UFGT, which encode the key factors in anthocyanin biosynthesis, in berry skins. Geraniol treatment also improved anthocyanin accumulation in grape cultured cells. We isolated grape ATP-binding cassette transporter G family protein VvABCG40, encoding abscisic acid (ABA) membrane transporter, from geraniol-treated grape cultured cells. VvABCG40 transcription was upregulated in berry skins 40 days after treatment. Geraniol treatment also upregulated the transcription of VvPP2C24, which encodes ABA-responsible type 2C protein phosphatases, in berry skins, but not the transcription of VvNCED1, which encodes a key enzyme in ABA biosynthesis. Taken together, geraniol-triggered anthocyanin accumulation in berry skins is promoted by ABA membrane transport and not by ABA biosynthesis, and geraniol treatment of field-grown grape bunches may contribute to alleviating the poor coloration of berry skin as a novel technique in viticulture.
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Buesa I, Pérez-Pérez JG, Visconti F, Strah R, Intrigliolo DS, Bonet L, Gruden K, Pompe-Novak M, de Paz JM. Physiological and Transcriptional Responses to Saline Irrigation of Young 'Tempranillo' Vines Grafted Onto Different Rootstocks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866053. [PMID: 35734259 PMCID: PMC9207310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of more salt stress-tolerant vine rootstocks can be a sustainable strategy for adapting traditional grapevine cultivars to future conditions. However, how the new M1 and M4 rootstocks perform against salinity compared to conventional ones, such as the 1103-Paulsen, had not been previously assessed under real field conditions. Therefore, a field trial was carried out in a young 'Tempranillo' (Vitis vinifera L.) vineyard grafted onto all three rootstocks under a semi-arid and hot-summer Mediterranean climate. The vines were irrigated with two kinds of water: a non-saline Control with EC of 0.8 dS m-1 and a Saline treatment with 3.5 dS m-1. Then, various physiological parameters were assessed in the scion, and, additionally, gene expression was studied by high throughput sequencing in leaf and berry tissues. Plant water relations evidenced the osmotic effect of water quality, but not that of the rootstock. Accordingly, leaf-level gas exchange rates were also reduced in all three rootstocks, with M1 inducing significantly lower net photosynthesis rates than 1103-Paulsen. Nevertheless, the expression of groups of genes involved in photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism pathways were not significantly and differentially expressed. The irrigation with saline water significantly increased leaf chloride contents in the scion onto the M-rootstocks, but not onto the 1103P. The limitation for leaf Cl- and Na+ accumulation on the scion was conferred by rootstock. Few processes were differentially regulated in the scion in response to the saline treatment, mainly, in the groups of genes involved in the flavonoids and phenylpropanoids metabolic pathways. However, these transcriptomic effects were not fully reflected in grape phenolic ripeness, with M4 being the only one that did not cause reductions in these compounds in response to salinity, and 1103-Paulsen having the highest overall concentrations. These results suggest that all three rootstocks confer short-term salinity tolerance to the scion. The lower transcriptomic changes and the lower accumulation of potentially phytotoxic ions in the scion grafted onto 1103-Paulsen compared to M-rootstocks point to the former being able to maintain this physiological response in the longer term. Further agronomic trials should be conducted to confirm these effects on vine physiology and transcriptomics in mature vineyards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Buesa
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo de la Agricultura Sostenible, Unidad Asociada al CSIC “Riego en la Agricultura Mediterránea”, Valencia, Spain
- Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Juan G. Pérez-Pérez
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo de la Agricultura Sostenible, Unidad Asociada al CSIC “Riego en la Agricultura Mediterránea”, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Visconti
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo de la Agricultura Sostenible, Unidad Asociada al CSIC “Riego en la Agricultura Mediterránea”, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, Departmento de Ecología (CSIC, UV, GV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeka Strah
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Diego S. Intrigliolo
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, Departmento de Ecología (CSIC, UV, GV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Bonet
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo de la Agricultura Sostenible, Unidad Asociada al CSIC “Riego en la Agricultura Mediterránea”, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kristina Gruden
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maruša Pompe-Novak
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica, Vipava, Slovenia
| | - Jose M. de Paz
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo de la Agricultura Sostenible, Unidad Asociada al CSIC “Riego en la Agricultura Mediterránea”, Valencia, Spain
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21
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Bouyahya A, Omari NE, EL Hachlafi N, Jemly ME, Hakkour M, Balahbib A, El Menyiy N, Bakrim S, Naceiri Mrabti H, Khouchlaa A, Mahomoodally MF, Catauro M, Montesano D, Zengin G. Chemical Compounds of Berry-Derived Polyphenols and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:3286. [PMID: 35630763 PMCID: PMC9146061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Berry-derived polyphenols are bioactive compounds synthesized and secreted by several berry fruits. These polyphenols feature a diversity of chemical compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. Here, we report the beneficial health effects of berry-derived polyphenols and their therapeutical application on gut-microbiota-related diseases, including inflammation and cancer. Pharmacokinetic investigations have confirmed the absorption, availability, and metabolism of berry-derived polyphenols. In vitro and in vivo tests, as well as clinical trials, showed that berry-derived polyphenols can positively modulate the gut microbiota, inhibiting inflammation and cancer development. Indeed, these compounds inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and also promote beneficial bacteria. Moreover, berry-derived polyphenols exhibit therapeutic effects against different gut-microbiota-related disorders such as inflammation, cancer, and metabolic disorders. Moreover, these polyphenols can manage the inflammation via various mechanisms, in particular the inhibition of the transcriptional factor Nf-κB. Berry-derived polyphenols have also shown remarkable effects on different types of cancer, including colorectal, breast, esophageal, and prostate cancer. Moreover, certain metabolic disorders such as diabetes and atherosclerosis were also managed by berry-derived polyphenols through different mechanisms. These data showed that polyphenols from berries are a promising source of bioactive compounds capable of modulating the intestinal microbiota, and therefore managing cancer and associated metabolic diseases. However, further investigations should be carried out to determine the mechanisms of action of berry-derived polyphenol bioactive compounds to validate their safety and examinate their clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Naoufal EL Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30003, Morocco;
| | - Meryem El Jemly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Mohammed VI for Health Science, Casablanca 82403, Morocco;
| | - Maryam Hakkour
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (M.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (M.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco;
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Aya Khouchlaa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius;
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
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22
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Jež-Krebelj A, Rupnik-Cigoj M, Stele M, Chersicola M, Pompe-Novak M, Sivilotti P. The Physiological Impact of GFLV Virus Infection on Grapevine Water Status: First Observations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11020161. [PMID: 35050050 PMCID: PMC8780503 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In a vineyard, grapevines are simultaneously exposed to combinations of several abiotic (drought, extreme temperatures, salinity) and biotic stresses (phytoplasmas, viruses, bacteria). With climate change, the incidences of drought in vine growing regions are increased and the host range of pathogens with increased chances of virulent strain development has expanded. Therefore, we studied the impact of the combination of abiotic (drought) and biotic (Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) infection) stress on physiological and molecular responses on the grapevine of cv. Schioppettino by studying the influence of drought and GFLV infection on plant water status of grapevines, on grapevine xylem vessel occlusion, and on expression patterns of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1 (NCED1), 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 2 (NCED2), WRKY encoding transcription factor (WRKY54) and RD22-like protein (RD22) genes in grapevines. A complex response of grapevine to the combination of drought and GFLV infection was shown, including priming in the case of grapevine water status, net effect in the case of area of occluded vessels in xylem, and different types of interaction of both stresses in the case of expression of four abscisic acid-related genes. Our results showed that mild (but not severe) water stress can be better sustained by GFLV infection rather than by healthy vines. GFLV proved to improve the resilience of the plants to water stress, which is an important outcome to cope with the challenges of global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastazija Jež-Krebelj
- School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica (UNG), Glavni trg 8, 5271 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; (M.R.-C.); (M.P.-N.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology (NIB), Večna Pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.C.)
- Regional Development Agency of Northern Primorska Ltd. Nova Gorica (RRA SP), Trg Edvarda Kardelja 3, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
- Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Oenology, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (KIS), Hacquetova Ulica 17, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Maja Rupnik-Cigoj
- School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica (UNG), Glavni trg 8, 5271 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; (M.R.-C.); (M.P.-N.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology (NIB), Večna Pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.C.)
- Regional Development Agency of Northern Primorska Ltd. Nova Gorica (RRA SP), Trg Edvarda Kardelja 3, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Marija Stele
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology (NIB), Večna Pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Marko Chersicola
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology (NIB), Večna Pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Maruša Pompe-Novak
- School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica (UNG), Glavni trg 8, 5271 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; (M.R.-C.); (M.P.-N.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology (NIB), Večna Pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Paolo Sivilotti
- School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica (UNG), Glavni trg 8, 5271 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; (M.R.-C.); (M.P.-N.); (P.S.)
- Department of AgriFood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Palladio 8, 33100 Udine, Italy
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23
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Hypoglycemic Effects of Plant Flavonoids: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2057333. [PMID: 34925525 PMCID: PMC8674047 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2057333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with chronic high blood glucose levels, and it is associated with defects in insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. It is also a major public issue, affecting the world's population. This disease contributes to long-term health complications such as dysfunction and failure of multiple organs, including nerves, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and eyes. Flavonoids are phenolic compounds found in nature and usually present as secondary metabolites in plants, vegetables, and fungi. Flavonoids possess many health benefits such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and naturally occurring flavonoids contribute to antidiabetic effects.Many studies conducted in vivo and in vitro have proven the hypoglycemic effect of plant flavonoids. A large number of studies showed that flavonoids hold positive results in controlling the blood glucose level in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and further prevent the complications of diabetes. The future development of flavonoid-based drugs is believed to provide significant effects on diabetes mellitus and diabetes complication diseases. This review aims at summarizing the various types of flavonoids that function as hyperglycemia regulators such as inhibitors of α-glucosidase and glucose cotransporters in the body. This review article discusses the hypoglycemic effects of selected plant flavonoids namely quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, naringenin, fisetin, and morin. Four search engines, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and SciFinder, are used to collect the data.
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24
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Siemińska-Kuczer A, Szymańska-Chargot M, Zdunek A. Recent advances in interactions between polyphenols and plant cell wall polysaccharides as studied using an adsorption technique. Food Chem 2021; 373:131487. [PMID: 34741970 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols include flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins and lignans which are known to have antioxidant, UV protection and antimicrobial properties. Among them the most commonly investigated are flavonoids and phenolic acids, which, due to their plant origin, may interact with the plant cell wall (PCW) components, specifically with its polysaccharides. Knowledge concerning the nature of the interactions between these components may be used in the production of functional food or in the development of food packaging materials with additional properties. The content of polyphenols in such products is responsible for their colour and taste, and may also act as a natural preservative. On the other hand, the PCW components may have protective role of polyphenols which has impact on their release in the human digestive system. Therefore, this review is an attempt to summarize the current state of knowledge that emerged after 2017 concerning the interaction of PCW components with polyphenols, with a particular focus on hemicellulose and pectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Siemińska-Kuczer
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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25
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Secondary Metabolism and Defense Responses Are Differently Regulated in Two Grapevine Cultivars during Ripening. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063045. [PMID: 33802641 PMCID: PMC8002507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera ‘Nebbiolo’ is one of the most important wine grape cultivars used to produce prestigious high-quality wines known throughout the world, such as Barolo and Barbaresco. ‘Nebbiolo’ is a distinctive genotype characterized by medium/high vigor, long vegetative and ripening cycles, and limited berry skin color rich in 3′-hydroxylated anthocyanins. To investigate the molecular basis of these characteristics, ‘Nebbiolo’ berries collected at three different stages of ripening (berry pea size, véraison, and harvest) were compared with V. vinifera ‘Barbera’ berries, which are rich in 3′,5′-hydroxylated anthocyanins, using transcriptomic and analytical approaches. In two consecutive seasons, the two genotypes confirmed their characteristic anthocyanin profiles associated with a different modulation of their transcriptomes during ripening. Secondary metabolism and response to stress were the functional categories that most differentially changed between ‘Nebbiolo’ and ‘Barbera’. The profile rich in 3′-hydroxylated anthocyanins of ‘Nebbiolo’ was likely linked to a transcriptional downregulation of key genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, at berry pea size, the defense metabolism was more active in ‘Nebbiolo’ than ‘Barbera’ in absence of biotic attacks. Accordingly, several pathogenesis-related proteins, WRKY transcription factors, and stilbene synthase genes were overexpressed in ‘Nebbiolo’, suggesting an interesting specific regulation of defense pathways in this genotype that deserves to be further explored.
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26
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Ning Z, Hu K, Zhou Z, Zhao D, Tang J, Wang H, Li L, Ding C, Chen X, Yao G, Zhang H. IbERF71, with IbMYB340 and IbbHLH2, coregulates anthocyanin accumulation by binding to the IbANS1 promoter in purple-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:157-169. [PMID: 33084965 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The transcription factor (TF) IbERF71 forms a novel complex, IbERF71-IbMYB340-IbbHLH2, to coregulate anthocyanin biosynthesis by binding to the IbANS1 promoter in purple-fleshed sweet potatoes. Purple-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is very popular because of its abundant anthocyanins, which are natural pigments with multiple physiological functions. TFs involved in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis have been identified in many plants. However, the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple-fleshed sweet potatoes has rarely been examined. In this study, TF IbERF71 and its partners were screened by bioinformatics and RT-qPCR analysis. The results showed that the expression levels of IbERF71 and partners IbMYB340 and IbbHLH2 were higher in purple-fleshed sweet potatoes than in other colors and that the expression levels positively correlated with anthocyanin contents. Moreover, transient expression assays showed that cotransformation of IbMYB340+IbbHLH2 resulted in anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco leaves and strawberry receptacles, and additional IbERF71 significantly increased visual aspects. Furthermore, the combination of the three TFs significantly increased the expression levels of FvANS and FvGST, which are involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport of strawberry receptacles. The dual-luciferase reporter system verified that cotransformation of the three TFs enhanced the transcription activity of IbANS1. In addition, yeast two-hybrid and firefly luciferase complementation assays revealed that IbMYB340 interacted with IbbHLH2 and IbERF71 but IbERF71 could not interact with IbbHLH2 in vitro. In summary, our findings provide novel evidence that IbERF71 and IbMYB340-IbbHLH2 form the regulatory complex IbERF71-IbMYB340-IbbHLH2 that coregulates anthocyanin accumulation by binding to the IbANS1 promoter in purple-fleshed sweet potatoes. Thus, the present study provides a new regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis and strong insight into the color development of purple-fleshed sweet potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ning
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Kangdi Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Zhilin Zhou
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Donglan Zhao
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Institute of Pomology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lixia Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Chen Ding
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Gaifang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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27
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Ryu S, Han JH, Cho JG, Jeong JH, Lee SK, Lee HJ. High temperature at veraison inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis in berry skins during ripening in 'Kyoho' grapevines. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:219-228. [PMID: 33129068 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of high temperature (HT) at veraison (the onset of ripening) on coloration and anthocyanin biosynthesis in berry skins of 'Kyoho' grapevines (Vitis labruscana L.). The vines were subjected to control, HT (6 °C higher than the control for 10 days), and intermittent HT (IHT; 6 °C higher than the control for 4 days followed by control temperature for 3 days and then 6 °C higher than the control for another 3 days) conditions from 50 to 60 days after full bloom (DAFB) in temperature-controlled rooms. Under control conditions, berry skins were tinted purple from 55 DAFB and turned to reddish-purple thereafter until 80 DAFB, concurrently with the anthocyanin accumulation. The HT and IHT treatments greatly inhibited the coloration and anthocyanin accumulation, with greater inhibition by the HT treatment. The HT and IHT treatments significantly inhibited the expressions of early (EBGs) and late anthocyanin biosynthetic genes (LBGs), and the transcription factor gene VlMYBA2. Abscisic acid (ABA) contents in the control berry skins increased from 50 DAFB, peaked at 55 DAFB, and decreased thereafter. The HT and IHT treatments reduced the increase in ABA contents, with no significant difference between HT- and IHT-treated vines. Gibberellin (GA) contents decreased during veraison in the berry skins of control and IHT-treated vines, but remained unchanged in those of HT-treated vines. These results suggest that the coloration and anthocyanin biosynthesis in berry skins are associated with changes in the ABA/GA ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyun Ryu
- Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeom Hwa Han
- Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Gun Cho
- Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Jeong
- Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Ki Lee
- Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Kong Q, An P, Xu Z, Zhang R, Qi J, Ren X. New insights into the alleviating role of Melaleuca alternifolia oil on metabolites pathway disorder of grapes caused by Aspergillus niger, verified by corresponding key genes expression. Food Chem 2020; 327:127083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Discrimination of five Greek red grape varieties according to the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin profiles of their skins and seeds. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Color Intensity of the Red-Fleshed Berry Phenotype of Vitis vinifera Teinturier Grapes Varies Due to a 408 bp Duplication in the Promoter of VvmybA1. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080891. [PMID: 32764272 PMCID: PMC7464560 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) teinturier cultivars are characterized by their typical reddish leaves and red-fleshed berries due to ectopic anthocyanin formation. Wines of these varieties have economic importance as they can be used for blending to enhance the color of red wines. The unique and heritable mutation has been known for a long time but the underlying genetic mechanism still is not yet understood. Here we describe the association of the red-fleshed berry phenotype with a 408 bp repetitive DNA element in the promoter of the VvmybA1 gene (grapevine color enhancer, GCE). Three different clones of ‘Teinturier’ were discovered with two, three and five allelic GCE repeats (MybA1t2, MybA1t3 and MybA1t5). All three clones are periclinal chimeras; these clones share the same L1 layer, but have distinct L2 layers with different quantities of GCE repeats. Quantitative real time PCR and HPLC analysis of leaf and berry samples showed that the GCE repeat number strongly correlates with an increase of the expression of VvmybA1 itself and the VvUFGT gene regulated by it and the anthocyanin content. A model is proposed based on autoregulation of VvmybA1t to explain the red phenotype which is similar to that of red-fleshed apples. This study presents results about the generation and modes of action of three MybA1t alleles responsible for the red-fleshed berry phenotype of teinturier grapevines.
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Eco-Physiological Traits and Phenylpropanoid Profiling on Potted Vitis vinifera L. cv Pinot Noir Subjected to Ascophyllum nodosum Treatments under Post-Veraison Low Water Availability. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10134473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In Mediterranean regions, extreme weather conditions during the growing season may alter grapevine physiology and metabolism, thus modifying the quality of wines. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Ascophyllum nodosum treatments on plant physiology and berry metabolism in Vitis vinifera exposed to water stress. The experiment was performed on potted vines subjected to two irrigation regimes (well-watered, WW, and water stressed, WS) both associated with A. nodosum treatments (SWE), compared with control plants (CTRL). Gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence, and water relations were monitored on SWE and CTRL leaves, both in WW and WS vines at three times. Moreover, the quantification of secondary metabolites and their partitioning were performed in berry skins. Plants treated with A. nodosum extract showed higher photosynthesis and stomatal conductance than CTRL in both irrigation regimes and maintained a better plant hydraulic conductivity at the end of the sampling period. In addition, secondary metabolites in berry skins and their partitioning were significantly affected by the treatments in both irrigation regimes. Our results suggest that foliar application of A. nodosum extract may help the acclimation of grapevines to post-veraison water stress, likely improving plant physiological and biochemical performances under environmental constraints.
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Huang G, Zeng Y, Wei L, Yao Y, Dai J, Liu G, Gui Z. Comparative transcriptome analysis of mulberry reveals anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanisms in black (Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) and white (Morus alba L.) fruit genotypes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:279. [PMID: 32552771 PMCID: PMC7301479 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To gain a better understanding of anthocyanin biosynthesis in mulberry fruit, we analyzed the transcriptome of the mulberry varieties Da 10 (Morus atropurpurea Roxb., black fruit) and Baisang (Morus alba L., white fruit). RESULTS We found that whereas Da 10 had high levels of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy), and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside (Pg), Baisang contained only Cy, at low levels. Based on a comparative transcriptome analysis, we annotated more than 27,085 genes (including 1735 new genes). Genes that were differentially expressed between Da 10 and Baisang were detected at three stages of fruit development: S1 [4256 genes, 10 days post-anthesis (DPA)], S2 (5612 genes, 19 DPA), and S3 (5226 genes, 28 DPA). Anthocyanin biosynthesis was found to be associated with the expression of 15 core genes and 5 transcription factors. Relative to Baisang, Da 10 showed a significant upregulation of genes involved in the early stages (production of the intermediate compounds chalcone and dihydroflavonol) and late stages (production of Cy and Pg) of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Baisang showed a significant downregulation of the genes involved in the early stages of anthocyanin biosynthesis and overexpression of flavanone 3-hydroxylase (FLS), resulting in the generation of quercetin and/or myricetin but not anthocyanins. CONCLUSIONS The biosynthesis of anthocyanin in mulberry fruit is initiated from the precursor, phenylalanine, and mediated by the upregulation of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, anthocyanidin synthase, anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside 2-O-glucuronosyltransferase, and downregulation of FLS to produce Cy and Pg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaiqun Huang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yichun Zeng
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongquan Yao
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhongzheng Gui
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China.
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Cuadros-Inostroza Á, Verdugo-Alegría C, Willmitzer L, Moreno-Simunovic Y, Vallarino JG. Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiles and Sensory Properties Elucidate Commonalities and Differences of Wines Made with the Same Variety but Different Cultivar Clones. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060220. [PMID: 32481759 PMCID: PMC7344679 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapes, one of the oldest agricultural crops, are cultivated to produce table fruits, dried fruits, juice, and wine. Grapevine variety is composed of clones that share common morphological traits. However, they can differ in minor genetic mutations which often result in not only notorious morphological changes but also in other non-visible sensorial distinctive attributes. In the present work, we identified three Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir clones grown under identical field conditions that showed different grape cluster types. Here, sensorial analysis together with non-targeted metabolite profiles by Ultra High performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) couples to Ultra High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) of wines elaborated from the three different grape cluster types was studied with the aim of (i) finding sensorial differences among these three types of wines, and, if there were, (ii) determining the molecular features (metabolites) associated with these sensorial attributes by a multivariate statistical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Verdugo-Alegría
- Centro Tecnológico de la Vid y el Vino, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000 Talca, Maule, Chile;
| | - Lothar Willmitzer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;
| | - Yerko Moreno-Simunovic
- Centro Tecnológico de la Vid y el Vino, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000 Talca, Maule, Chile;
- Correspondence: (Y.M.-S.); (J.G.V.)
| | - José G. Vallarino
- Centro Tecnológico de la Vid y el Vino, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000 Talca, Maule, Chile;
- Correspondence: (Y.M.-S.); (J.G.V.)
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Wang C, Dong Y, Zhu L, Wang L, Yan L, Wang M, Zhu Q, Nan X, Li Y, Li J. Comparative transcriptome analysis of two contrasting wolfberry genotypes during fruit development and ripening and characterization of the LrMYB1 transcription factor that regulates flavonoid biosynthesis. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:295. [PMID: 32272876 PMCID: PMC7147035 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lycium barbarum and L. ruthenicum have been used as traditional medicinal plants in China and other Asian counties for centuries. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit development and ripening, as well as the associated production of medicinal and nutritional components, have been little explored in these two species. Results A competitive transcriptome analysis was performed to identify the regulators and pathways involved in the fruit ripening of red wolfberry (L. barbarum) and black wolfberry (L. ruthenicum) using an Illumina sequencing platform. In total, 155,606 genes and 194,385 genes were detected in red wolfberry (RF) and black wolfberry (BF), respectively. Of them, 20,335, 24,469, and 21,056 genes were differentially expressed at three different developmental stages in BF and RF. Functional categorization of the differentially expressed genes revealed that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and sugar metabolism were the most differentially regulated processes during fruit development and ripening in the RF and BF. Furthermore, we also identified 38 MYB transcription factor-encoding genes that were differentially expressed during black wolfberry fruit development. Overexpression of LrMYB1 resulted in the activation of structural genes for flavonoid biosynthesis and led to an increase in flavonoid content, suggesting that the candidate genes identified in this RNA-seq analysis are credible and might offer important utility. Conclusion This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism of Lycium fruit development and ripening and will be of value to novel gene discovery and functional genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China. .,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, China.
| | - Yan Dong
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lizhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Libin Wang
- Biochip Research Center, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Li Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Mengze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiongxiong Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, China
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Preventive effect of Elateriospermum tapos seed extract against obese Sprague Dawley rats. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-019-00394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Yan Y, Song C, Falginella L, Castellarin SD. Day Temperature Has a Stronger Effect Than Night Temperature on Anthocyanin and Flavonol Accumulation in 'Merlot' ( Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes During Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1095. [PMID: 32849680 PMCID: PMC7396706 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids impart color and mouthfeel to grapes and wine and are very sensitive to environmental conditions. Growth chamber experiments were performed to investigate the effect of temperature regimes and the differences between day/night temperatures on anthocyanins and flavonols in Merlot grapes. Among the regimes tested, the ones with diurnal 20°C determined the highest levels of anthocyanins and flavonols. Higher diurnal temperatures decreased those levels but increased the proportion of methoxylated and acylated species. When regimes with the same day temperature but different night temperatures were compared, differences between day/night temperatures did not affect anthocyanins, unless a difference of 25°C between day and night temperatures was imposed. When regimes with the same night temperature but different day temperatures were compared, the regime with higher day temperature had a lower anthocyanin level. No relationships were observed between the effects of temperature regimes on anthocyanin level and the expression of key anthocyanin genes. However, the effects on anthocyanin acylation level were consistent with the effects on the acyltransferase expression, and the effects on flavonol level were consistent with the effects on the expression of key flavonol genes. This study indicates that, in Merlot grapes, anthocyanins and flavonols are mostly sensitive to day temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yan
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Changzheng Song
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Simone D. Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Simone D. Castellarin,
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Ferreira V, Matus JT, Pinto-Carnide O, Carrasco D, Arroyo-García R, Castro I. Genetic analysis of a white-to-red berry skin color reversion and its transcriptomic and metabolic consequences in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Moscatel Galego'). BMC Genomics 2019; 20:952. [PMID: 31815637 PMCID: PMC6902604 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic mutations occurring within meristems of vegetative propagation material have had a major role in increasing the genetic diversity of the domesticated grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera). The most well studied somatic variation in this species is the one affecting fruit pigmentation, leading to a plethora of different berry skin colors. Color depletion and reversion are often observed in the field. In this study we analyzed the origin of a novel white-to-red skin color reversion and studied its possible metabolic and transcriptomic consequences on cv. 'Muscat à Petits Grains Blancs' (synonym cv. 'Moscatel Galego Branco'), a member of the large family of Muscats. RESULTS The mild red-skinned variant (cv. 'Muscat à Petits Grains Rouge', synonym cv. 'Moscatel Galego Roxo'), characterized by a preferential accumulation of di-hydroxylated anthocyanins, showed in heterozygosis a partially-excised Gret1 retrotransposon in the promoter region of the MYBA1 anthocyanin regulator, while MYBA2 was still in homozygosis for its non-functional allele. Through metabolic (anthocyanin, resveratrol and piceid quantifications) and transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) analyses, we show that within a near-isogenic background, the transcriptomic consequences of color reversion are largely associated to diminished light/UV-B responses probably as a consequence of the augment of metabolic sunscreens (i.e. anthocyanins). CONCLUSIONS We propose that the reduced activity of the flavonoid tri-hydroxylated sub-branch and decreased anthocyanin synthesis and modification (e.g. methylation and acylation) are the potential causes for the mild red-skinned coloration in the pigmented revertant. The observed positive relation between anthocyanins and stilbenes could be attributable to an increased influx of phenylpropanoid intermediaries due to the replenished activity of MYBA1, an effect yet to be demonstrated in other somatic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.,Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo. Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, I2SysBio (Universitat de Valencia - CSIC), 46908, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olinda Pinto-Carnide
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - David Carrasco
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo. Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Arroyo-García
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo. Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
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Chen Z, Lu X, Xuan Y, Tang F, Wang J, Shi D, Fu S, Ren J. Transcriptome analysis based on a combination of sequencing platforms provides insights into leaf pigmentation in Acer rubrum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:240. [PMID: 31170934 PMCID: PMC6555730 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red maple (Acer rubrum L.) is one of the most common and widespread trees with colorful leaves. We found a mutant with red, yellow, and green leaf phenotypes in different branches, which provided ideal materials with the same genetic relationship, and little interference from the environment, for the study of complex metabolic networks that underly variations in the coloration of leaves. We applied a combination of NGS and SMRT sequencing to various red maple tissues. RESULTS A total of 125,448 unigenes were obtained, of which 46 and 69 were thought to be related to the synthesis of anthocyanins and carotenoids, respectively. In addition, 88 unigenes were presumed to be involved in the chlorophyll metabolic pathway. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the pigment gene expression network, the mechanisms of leaf color were investigated. The massive accumulation of Cy led to its higher content and proportion than other pigments, which caused the redness of leaves. Yellow coloration was the result of the complete decomposition of chlorophyll pigments, the unmasking of carotenoid pigments, and a slight accumulation of Cy. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a systematic analysis of color variations in the red maple. Moreover, mass sequence data obtained by deep sequencing will provide references for the controlled breeding of red maple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Yun Xuan
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Fei Tang
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Dan Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Songling Fu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
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Salvi L, Brunetti C, Cataldo E, Niccolai A, Centritto M, Ferrini F, Mattii GB. Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum extract on Vitis vinifera: Consequences on plant physiology, grape quality and secondary metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:21-32. [PMID: 30875532 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed-based extracts have been recently employed as sustainable tools to improve abiotic stress tolerance and increase grape quality. However, the effect of these extracts on secondary metabolism compounds, that are fundamental for grape and wine quality, is still scarce. In the present study, the effects of foliar treatments with an Ascophyllum nodosum extract on physiological and biochemical parameters of Vitis vinifera (cv. Sangiovese) were investigated. We hypothesized an enhancement in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in berry skins and in leaves in response to these treatments, effective in improve grape quality and help vines to cope with abiotic stresses. Gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence and midday stem water potential on leaves treated with A. nodosum extract and non-treated control leaves, were monitored over two growing seasons at three phenological stages: full véraison, mid maturation and full maturation. In addition, anthocyanins, flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids were quantified both in berry skins and in leaves. The foliar treatments with A. nodosum increased photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in treated compared to control plants. Furthermore, extract-treated vines were able to maintain the potential efficiency of photosystem II close to the optimal value even during the hottest periods. No effect of A. nodosum extract treatments was observed on stem water potential. A. nodosum applications delayed berry ripening, leading to a lower sugar content and a higher anthocyanin content in treated berry skins. Interestingly, treatments also affected the content and the partitioning of secondary metabolites in berry skins, as anthocyanins and flavonols contents were higher in treated compared to control plants, while the ratio of methoxylated to non-methoxylated anthocyanins was lower in treated than in control vines. Furthermore, A. nodosum extract-treated plants also had higher content of flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids both in berry skins and in leaves and showed a reduction in the biosynthesis of methoxylated anthocyanins, which are usually accumulated in grapes under environmental constraints. Considering the challenges posed by climate change in the Mediterranean basin, the use of seaweed extracts might represent a sustainable tool to mitigate the increasing severity of drought, often associated to heat-waves, on the viticulture sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Salvi
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), University of Florence, Italy; Trees and Timber Institute (IVALSA), National Research Council of Italy, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Cataldo
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Niccolai
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Trees and Timber Institute (IVALSA), National Research Council of Italy, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), University of Florence, Italy; Trees and Timber Institute (IVALSA), National Research Council of Italy, Italy
| | - Giovan Battista Mattii
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), University of Florence, Italy
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Ma ZH, Li WF, Mao J, Li W, Zuo CW, Zhao X, Dawuda MM, Shi XY, Chen BH. Synthesis of light-inducible and light-independent anthocyanins regulated by specific genes in grape 'Marselan' ( V. vinifera L.). PeerJ 2019; 7:e6521. [PMID: 30842905 PMCID: PMC6398381 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin is an important parameter for evaluating the quality of wine grapes. However, the effects of different light intensities on anthocyanin synthesis in grape berry skin and its regulation mechanisms are still unclear. In this experiment, clusters of wine grape cv. ‘Marselan’ were bagged using fruit bags with different light transmittance of 50%, 15%, 5%, and 0, designated as treatment A, B, C and D, respectively. Fruits that were not bagged were used as the control, designated as CK. The anthocyanin composition and concentration, as well as gene expression profiles in the berry skin were determined. The results showed that the degree of coloration of the berry skin reduced with the decrease of the light transmittance, and the veraison was postponed for 10 days in D when compared with the CK. Total anthocyanin concentration in the berry skin treated with D decreased by 51.50% compared with CK at the harvest stage. A total of 24 and 21 anthocyanins were detected in CK and D, respectively. Among them, Malvidin-3-O-coumaroylglucoside (trans), which showed a significant positive correlation with the total concentration of anthocyanins at the harvest stage (r = 0.775) and was not detected in D, was presumed to be light-induced anthocyanin. Other anthocyanins which were both synthesized in CK and D were considered to be light-independent anthocyanins. Among them, Malvidin-3-O-coumaroylglucoside (cis) and Malvidin-3-O-acetylglucoside were typical representatives. Remarkably, the synthesis of light-inducible anthocyanins and light-independent anthocyanins were regulated by different candidate structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and members of MYB and bHLH transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Huan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fang Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cun-Wu Zuo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | | | - Bai-Hong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Ju YL, Yang BH, He S, Tu TY, Min Z, Fang YL, Sun XY. Anthocyanin accumulation and biosynthesis are modulated by regulated deficit irrigation in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis Vinifera L.) grapes and wines. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 135:469-479. [PMID: 30473422 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins contents and compositions play an important role in grape berries and wines. Grapevines are widely cultivated in arid and semi-arid areas, and water shortage restricts the development of wine industry. The aim of this work was to gain insight on the effect of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the accumulation and biosynthesis of anthocyanins in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis Vinifera L.) grapes and wines. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for anthocyanins profiles analyses and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used for the genes expressions measurement. The grapevines were treated with 60% (RDI-1), 70% (RDI-2), 80% (RDI-3), 100% (CK, traditional drip irrigation) of their estimated evapotranspiration (ETc) respectively. RDI treatments significantly reduced titration acid and increased pH with higher total soluble solids. RDI-1 treatment increased total anthocyanins contents in berries and wines in both two vintages. RDI-1 and RDI-2 treatments significantly increased the contents of acylated anthocyanins in berries and wines, especially Malvidin-3-acetly-glucoside. RDI treatments significantly increased non-acylated anthocyanins contents in wines, such as Delphinidin-3-gliucoside and Malvidin-3-glucoside. RDI treatments upregulated the expressions of VvPAL, VvC4H, VvCHS, VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H, VvLDOX, and VvOMT in both two vintages. Correlation analysis showed the accumulation of anthocyanins was closely related to the key genes expressions, including VvPAL, VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H etc. The present results provided direct evidence and detailed data to explain that RDI treatments regulated the accumulation of anthocyanins by regulating genes expressions in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Bo-Han Yang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shuang He
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Ting-Yao Tu
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhuo Min
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yu-Lin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xiang-Yu Sun
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Martínez-Lüscher J, Brillante L, Kurtural SK. Flavonol Profile Is a Reliable Indicator to Assess Canopy Architecture and the Exposure of Red Wine Grapes to Solar Radiation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:10. [PMID: 30766542 PMCID: PMC6365461 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to solar radiation is a determining factor of grape composition. Flavonol synthesis is upregulated by solar radiation leaving a fingerprint on flavonol profile. This study aimed to test the factors affecting flavonol accumulation and profile and their potential as an indicator to assess the overall exposure of red wine grape berry to solar radiation. We performed three experiments to study the response of flavonol accumulation and profile to (1) three different solar radiation exclusion treatments during berry development; (2) canopy porosity and leaf area index (LAI); and (3) spatial variability of water status, vigor and ripening and cultural practices in commercial vineyards. Results showed a strong relationship between global radiation, inverse dormant pruning weights or canopy porosity (inversely proportional to LAI) and % kaempferol or % quercetin. Furthermore, the increase in concentration of the above two flavonols was associated with a reduction of % myricetin. Total flavonol content, % kaempferol, % quercetin, and % myricetin had significant correlations with inverse dormant pruning weights, but these were less sensitive to over-ripening or water deficits. Flavonol profile was associated to site hydrology (wetness index) through changes in vigor, and to LAI; and responded to shoot thinning or fruit-zone leaf removal. These results support the reliability of the flavonol profile as an assessment parameter for studies aiming to discuss canopy architecture or the effect of solar radiation on grapevine berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Martínez-Lüscher
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Luca Brillante
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Sahap Kaan Kurtural
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Li YJ, Li P, Wang T, Zhang FJ, Huang XX, Hou BK. The maize secondary metabolism glycosyltransferase UFGT2 modifies flavonols and contributes to plant acclimation to abiotic stresses. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:1203-1217. [PMID: 29982479 PMCID: PMC6324750 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nowadays, the plant family 1 glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are attracting more and more attention since members of this family can improve the properties of secondary metabolites and have significantly enriched the chemical species in plants. Over the past decade, most studies on UGTs have been conducted in Arabidopsis thaliana and they were proved to play diverse roles during the plant life cycle. The Zea mays (maize) GT1 family comprises a large number of UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) members. However, their enzyme activities and the biological functions are rarely revealed. In this study, a maize flavonol glycosyltransferase, UFGT2, is identified and its biological role is characterized in detail. METHODS The UFGT2 enzyme activity, the flavonol and glycoside levels in planta were examined by high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The functions of UFGT2 in modifying flavonols, mediating flavonol accumulation and improving stress tolerance were analysed using two ufgt2 mutants and transgenic arabidopsis plants. KEY RESULTS By in vitro enzyme assay, the maize UFGT2 was found to show strong activity towards two flavonols: kaemferol and quercetin. Two ufgt2 knockout mutants, Mu689 and Mu943, exhibited obvious sensitivity to salt and drought stresses. The endogenous quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, as well as the total flavonol levels were found to be substantially decreased in the two ufgt2 mutants, with declined H2O2-scavenging capacity. In contrast, ectopic expression of UFGT2 in arabidopsis led to increased flavonol contents and enhanced oxidative tolerance. Moreover, expression of typical stress-related genes in arabidopsis and maize were affected in UFGT2 overexpression plants or knockout mutants in response to abiotic stresses. UFGT2 was also transferred into the arabidopsis ugt78d2 mutant and it was found to recover the deficient flavonol glycoside pattern in the ugt78d2 mutant, which confirmed its catalysing activity in planta. CONCLUSION It is demonstrated in our study that a maize glycosyltransferase, UFGT2, involved in modifying flavonols, contributes to improving plant tolerance to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-jie Li
- The Key Lab of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education of China, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Pan Li
- The Key Lab of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education of China, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Key Lab of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education of China, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Feng-ju Zhang
- The Key Lab of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education of China, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xu-xu Huang
- The Key Lab of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education of China, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Bing-kai Hou
- The Key Lab of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education of China, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
- For correspondence. E-mail
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Fasoli M, Richter CL, Zenoni S, Bertini E, Vitulo N, Dal Santo S, Dokoozlian N, Pezzotti M, Tornielli GB. Timing and Order of the Molecular Events Marking the Onset of Berry Ripening in Grapevine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 178:1187-1206. [PMID: 30224433 PMCID: PMC6236592 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a model for the investigation of physiological and biochemical changes during the formation and ripening of nonclimacteric fleshy fruits. However, the order and complexity of the molecular events during fruit development remain poorly understood. To identify the key molecular events controlling berry formation and ripening, we created a highly detailed transcriptomic and metabolomic map of berry development, based on samples collected every week from fruit set to maturity in two grapevine genotypes for three consecutive years, resulting in 219 samples. Major transcriptomic changes were represented by coordinated waves of gene expression associated with early development, veraison (onset of ripening)/midripening, and late-ripening and were consistent across vintages. The two genotypes were clearly distinguished by metabolite profiles and transcriptional changes occurring primarily at the veraison/midripening phase. Coexpression analysis identified a core network of transcripts as well as variations in the within-module connections representing varietal differences. By focusing on transcriptome rearrangements close to veraison, we identified two rapid and successive shared transitions involving genes whose expression profiles precisely locate the timing of the molecular reprogramming of berry development. Functional analyses of two transcription factors, markers of the first transition, suggested that they participate in a hierarchical cascade of gene activation at the onset of ripening. This study defined the initial transcriptional events that mark and trigger the onset of ripening and the molecular network that characterizes the whole process of berry development, providing a framework to model fruit development and maturation in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Zenoni
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertini
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Dal Santo
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Mario Pezzotti
- Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Ferreira V, Pinto-Carnide O, Arroyo-García R, Castro I. Berry color variation in grapevine as a source of diversity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:696-707. [PMID: 30146416 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Even though it is one of the oldest perennial domesticated fruit crops in the world, grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivation today is the result of both conventional breeding practices (i.e. hybridizations adopted during the last century) and vegetative propagation. Human-assisted asexual propagation has allowed the maintenance of desired traits but has largely impacted the frequency of spontaneous somatic mutations observed in the field. Consequently, many grapevine fruit attributes to date have been artificially selected, including: fruit yield, compactness, size and composition, the latter being greatly diversified in the pursuit of altering berry skin coloration. The present review provides an overview of various aspects related to grapevine diversity, with a special emphasis on grape berry skin color variation and will discuss the current knowledge of how grape skin color variation is affected by the synthesis of phenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins and their underlying genetic factors. We hope this knowledge will be useful in supporting the importance of the berry color trait diversity in cultivated grapevines, which is used as basis for selection during breeding programs because of its application for vine growers, winemakers and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Olinda Pinto-Carnide
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rosa Arroyo-García
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Transcriptome Sequencing and Metabolism Analysis Reveals the role of Cyanidin Metabolism in Dark-red Onion (Allium cepa L.) Bulbs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14109. [PMID: 30237461 PMCID: PMC6148220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important bulbous vegetable crop that possesses important properties related to health as well as extraordinary colors. Naturally white onion bulbs were used in this study to reveal the complex metabolic mechanisms that underlie phenotypic traits, especially bulb pigmentation. Six libraries (three dark-red and three white) were constructed and analyzed to elucidate differences in cyanidin (Cy) metabolism between dark-red and white onion bulbs. Libraries were screened using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to reveal the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis at the transcriptional level. Comparison with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database shows that a total of 27 unigenes participate in onion anthocyanin biosynthesis and 16 DEGs perform critical roles in flavonoid biosynthesis. Expression patterns of color-related flavonoid compounds associated with the onion anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (ABP) show that flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) genes play crucial roles in the biosynthesis of dark-red bulbs, the expression levels of flavonol synthase (FLS) and DFR genes may act to block blue pigmentation, and the loss of Cy from white onion bulbs might explain multibranching in the synthesis of this compound. Positive variation in the F3′5′H/F3′H ratio also affects onion bulb color diversity. The transcriptome presented here provides a basis for future onion molecular breeding based on variations in the diversity of ornamental plant pigmentation.
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Zhang K, Liu Z, Guan L, Zheng T, Jiu S, Zhu X, Jia H, Fang J. Changes of Anthocyanin Component Biosynthesis in 'Summer Black' Grape Berries after the Red Flesh Mutation Occurred. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9209-9218. [PMID: 30092133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The coloring process of grape flesh is valuable for research and promotion of the high nutritional quality of anthocyanins. 'Summer Black' and it is new red flesh mutant were used to analyze the changes of anthocyanin biosynthesis during grape berry development. Eighteen kinds of anthocyanins were detected in mature berries of the two cultivars, but the content of most 3'- and 3',5'-substituted anthocyanins was higher in the skin of the mutant. Anthocyanin accumulation occurred simultaneously in the skin and flesh of the mutant, and their types and content were more abundant in the former. For the mutant, there were only CHS, OMT, MYBA3, and MYBPA1 at lower transcriptional level in the flesh during veraison when compared with these in the skin, which might be an important factor to limit the anthocyanin accumulation in the flesh. The occurrence of red flesh might be related the enhancement of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the whole berry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekun Zhang
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Le Guan
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zheng
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Jiu
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Jia
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing City , 210095 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
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Yue Q, Xu L, Xiang G, Yu X, Yao Y. Characterization of Gene Expression Profile, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Capacity in Red-Fleshed Grape Berries and Their Wines. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7190-7199. [PMID: 29920074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression profile, phenolic composition, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated in red-fleshed berries and their wines (RF berries and wines) from new grape genotypes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ten metabolic pathways involved in polyphenol synthesis and catabolism were significantly altered, and 13 genes related to the biosynthesis and transport of phenolics were largely upregulated in RF berries compared to that of Cabernet Sauvignon (CS). Expression of MybA1 was associated with anthocyanin accumulation in red flesh. Additionally, RF berries and wines contained higher concentrations of total anthocyanins, phenols, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins than those in CS berries and wine. Particularly, diglucosides of malvidin, peonidin, delphinidin, and cyanidin were present in red flesh and RF wines, but they were undetectable or present at very low concentrations in CS flesh and wine. Cinnamic acid and ferulic acid were clearly increased in the RF wines compared to those in the CS wine. Additionally, the RF wines had higher antioxidant capacity than that in the CS wine, and total anthocyanin content was significantly correlated to antioxidant capacity. This research provides insight into the mechanisms underlying grape flesh coloration and the composition of phenolic compounds in RF berries and wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering , Shandong Agricultural University , Tai-An 271018 , China
| | - Lili Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering , Shandong Agricultural University , Tai-An 271018 , China
| | - Guangqing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering , Shandong Agricultural University , Tai-An 271018 , China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering , Shandong Agricultural University , Tai-An 271018 , China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering , Shandong Agricultural University , Tai-An 271018 , China
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Hu P, Li G, Zhao X, Zhao F, Li L, Zhou H. Transcriptome profiling by RNA-Seq reveals differentially expressed genes related to fruit development and ripening characteristics in strawberries ( Fragaria × ananassa). PeerJ 2018; 6:e4976. [PMID: 29967718 PMCID: PMC6026456 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an ideal plant for fruit development and ripening research due to the rapid substantial changes in fruit color, aroma, taste, and softening. To gain deeper insights into the genes that play a central regulatory role in strawberry fruit development and ripening characteristics, transcriptome profiling was performed for the large green fruit, white fruit, turning fruit, and red fruit stages of strawberry. A total of 6,608 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 2,643 up-regulated and 3,965 down-regulated genes were identified in the fruit development and ripening process. The DEGs related to fruit flavonoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose biosynthesis, the citrate cycle, and cell-wall modification enzymes played important roles in the fruit development and ripening process. Particularly, some candidate genes related to the ubiquitin mediated proteolysis pathway and MADS-box were confirmed to be involved in fruit development and ripening according to their possible regulatory functions. A total of five ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and 10 MADS-box transcription factors were differentially expressed between the four fruit ripening stages. The expression levels of DEGs relating to color, aroma, taste, and softening of fruit were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our study provides important insights into the complicated regulatory mechanism underlying the fruit ripening characteristics in Fragaria × ananassa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Hu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fengli Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liangjie Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Houcheng Zhou
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Reshef N, Agam N, Fait A. Grape Berry Acclimation to Excessive Solar Irradiance Leads to Repartitioning between Major Flavonoid Groups. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3624-3636. [PMID: 29314841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Warm viticulture regions are associated with inferior wines, resulting from the interaction between microclimate and fruit biochemistry. Solar irradiance triggers biosynthetic processes in the fruit and dominates its thermal balance. Therefore, deciphering its impact on fruit metabolism is pivotal to develop strategies for fruit protection and ameliorate its quality traits. Here, we modified light quality and intensity in the fruit-zone and integrated micrometeorology with grape and wine metabolomics, allowing a complete assessment, from field to bottle. We analyzed the dynamics of fruit's adaptation to altered conditions during ripening and constructed temporal-based metabolic networks. Micrometeorological modifications shifted the balance between the major flavonoids, associating increased solar exposure with lower levels of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, and higher flavonols. Differences were fixed from 2 weeks postveraison until harvest, suggesting a controlled acclimation response rather than external modulation. Differences in grape composition manifested in the wine and resulted in higher color intensity and improved wine hue under partial shading.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Reshef
- French Associates institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer campus , Beersheba , Israel
| | - N Agam
- French Associates institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer campus , Beersheba , Israel
| | - A Fait
- French Associates institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer campus , Beersheba , Israel
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