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Nishio K, Yoshida T, Arai Y, Ito T, Okada S, Ikeda T, Abe Y, Takayama M, Iinuma T. Relationship between malnutrition according to the global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria and oral health among community-dwelling elderly aged 85 years and older: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:887. [PMID: 39097715 PMCID: PMC11297638 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new diagnostic criterion for malnutrition, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, has been proposed. Despite a recognized link between malnutrition and oral health, further clarification is needed regarding this association when using the GLIM criteria. This study examined the association between malnutrition and oral health in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 85. METHODS This study was conducted using data from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study, and altogether 519 participants ≥ 85 years were enrolled. Malnutrition was assessed using the GLIM criteria. Oral health information, on the number of teeth, maximum occlusal force (MOF), saliva production, denture-related questions (dissatisfaction and frequency of use), dental visit history in the past year, whether participants enjoyed meals, and oral-related quality of life was assessed using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were collected. MOF was assessed the average values of three measurements and lower tertile by sex as decline in MOF. For GOHAI, the score for each items (Q1-Q12) was also evaluated, and further, the decline in each item (score: 1-2 points on a 5-point scale) was assessed as a "problem with each items." Oral health factors differing between those with and without malnutrition were analyzed. For differing items, malnutrition risk was evaluated using Cox regression. RESULTS Eighty-nine (17.1%) participants experienced malnutrition. Significant differences were observed in the decline in MOF, enjoyment of meals, individual scores for Q2, Q4, and Q6, and the problem with Q3, Q6, Q7, and Q11. Cox regression analysis showed that decline in MOF (odds ratio [OR]: 1.728, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.010-2.959), enjoyment of meals (OR: 0.502, 95% CI: 0.289-0.873), problem with Q3 (OR: 5.474, 95% CI: 1.301-23.028), Q6 (OR: 5.325, 95% CI: 1.026-27.636), and Q7 (OR: 2.867, 95% CI: 1.397-5.882) were associated with ORs of malnutrition. CONCLUSION Decline in MOF, enjoyment of meals, swallowing problem (problem with Q3), limit contact due to oral condition (problem with Q6), and esthetics problem (problem with Q7) were associated with malnutrition as assessed using the GLIM criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Nishio
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takamasa Yoshida
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Ito
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ikeda
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Wiemann J, Krell-Roesch J, Woll A, Boes K. Longitudinal association between fitness and metabolic syndrome: a population-based study over 29 years follow-up. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:970. [PMID: 38580947 PMCID: PMC10998408 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the longitudinal associations between fitness and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in community-dwelling adults over 29 years of follow-up. DESIGN Ongoing, population-based cohort study of adults aged ≥ 33 years at baseline residing in the city of Bad Schönborn, Germany. METHODS The sample comprised 89 persons (41 females; mean age 40.1 years at baseline) who participated at baseline (in the year 1992) and 29-years follow-up (in the year 2021). Fitness (predictor variable) was assessed using 15 standardized and validated tests that measured strength, gross motor coordination, mobility/ flexibility and cardiorespiratory fitness/ endurance, and a z-transformed fitness score was calculated for analysis. MetS (outcome of interest) was assessed through five criteria related to waist circumference, blood glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure, and a sum score was created for analysis. We ran partial correlations to examine the association between fitness score at baseline and MetS score at 29-years follow-up, adjusted for age, sex, socio-economic status, smoking status, sleep quality, and physical activity engagement in minutes/ week. RESULTS A higher fitness score at baseline was significantly associated with a lower MetS score indicative of better metabolic health at 29-years follow-up (r=-0.29; p = 0.011). These associations were present in participants aged ≤ 40 years (r=-0.33; p = 0.025) as well as those aged > 40 years (r=-0.43; p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Fitness may be a predictor of longitudinal metabolic health, and potentially also mediates previously reported longitudinal associations between physical activity and metabolic health. More research is needed to confirm these observations, and to also explore underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Wiemann
- Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Janina Krell-Roesch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Klaus Boes
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Cho J, Allore H, Rahimighazikalayeh G, Vaughn I. Multimorbidity Patterns, Hospital Uses and Mortality by Race and Ethnicity Among Oldest-Old Patients. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-01929-x. [PMID: 38381325 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Adults aged 85 years and older ("oldest-old") are perceived as survivors resilient to age-related risk factors. Although considerable heterogeneity has been often observed in this population, less is known about the unmet needs in health and healthcare service utilization for diverse patients in healthcare systems. We examined racial-ethnic variation in patterns of multimorbidity associated with emergency department (ED), clinic visits, and mortality among the oldest-old patients with multimorbidity. METHODS Administrative and clinical data from an integrated healthcare system for five years included 25,801 oldest-old patients with two or more chronic conditions. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified patterns of multimorbidity by four racial-ethnic groups (White, Black, Hispanic, & Other). Clusters associated with ED and clinic visits, and mortality were analyzed using generalized estimation equations and proportional hazards survival model, respectively. RESULTS Hypothyroidism, Alzheimer's disease and related dementia, bone & joint conditions, metabolism syndrome, and pulmonary-vascular clusters were commonly observed across the groups. While most clusters were significantly associated with ED and clinic visits among White patients, bone & joint conditions cluster was the most significantly associated with ED and clinic visits among Black (RR = 1.32, p <.01 for ED; RR = 1.67, p <.0001 for clinic) and Hispanic patients (RR = 1.36, p <.0001 for ED; RR = 1.39, p <.0001 for clinic). Similar patterns were observed in the relationship between multimorbidity clusters and mortality. CONCLUSIONS Patterns of multimorbidity and its significant association with the uses of ambulatory and emergency care varied by race-ethnicity. More studies are needed to explore barriers when minoritized patients are faced with the use of hospital services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmyoung Cho
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring SLUCare Academic Pavilion 3rd Floor, 63110, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Temple, TX, USA.
| | - Heather Allore
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Ivana Vaughn
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Science, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences , Henry Ford Health , Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Poser M, Sing KEA, Ebert T, Ziebolz D, Schmalz G. The rosetta stone of successful ageing: does oral health have a role? Biogerontology 2023; 24:867-888. [PMID: 37421489 PMCID: PMC10615965 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable aspect of life and thus successful ageing is an important focus of recent scientific efforts. The biological process of ageing is mediated through the interaction of genes with environmental factors, increasing the body's susceptibility to insults. Elucidating this process will increase our ability to prevent and treat age-related disease and consequently extend life expectancy. Notably, centenarians offer a unique perspective on the phenomenon of ageing. Current research highlights several age-associated alterations on the genetic, epigenetic and proteomic level. Consequently, nutrient sensing and mitochondrial function are altered, resulting in inflammation and exhaustion of regenerative ability.Oral health, an important contributor to overall health, remains underexplored in the context of extreme longevity. Good masticatory function ensures sufficient nutrient uptake, reducing morbidity and mortality in old age. The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic inflammatory pathologies is well established. Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease are among the most significant disease burdens influenced by inflammatory oral health conditions. Evidence suggests that the interaction is bi-directional, impacting progression, severity and mortality. Current models of ageing and longevity neglect an important factor in overall health and well-being, a gap that this review intends to illustrate and inspire avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Poser
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Katie E A Sing
- Department of Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Sasaki T, Nishimoto Y, Hirata T, Abe Y, Hirose N, Takayama M, Takebayashi T, Okano H, Arai Y. Status and physiological significance of circulating adiponectin in the very old and centenarians: an observational study. eLife 2023; 12:e86309. [PMID: 37768324 PMCID: PMC10564453 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High levels of circulating adiponectin are associated with increased insulin sensitivity, low prevalence of diabetes, and low body mass index (BMI); however, high levels of circulating adiponectin are also associated with increased mortality in the 60-70 age group. In this study, we aimed to clarify factors associated with circulating high-molecular-weight (cHMW) adiponectin levels and their association with mortality in the very old (85-89 years of age) and centenarians. Methods The study included 812 (women: 84.4%) for centenarians and 1498 (women: 51.7%) for the very old. The genomic DNA sequence data were obtained by whole-genome sequencing or DNA microarray-imputation methods. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate cHMW adiponectin characteristics and associated factors. All-cause mortality was analyzed in three quantile groups of cHMW adiponectin levels using Cox regression. Results The cHMW adiponectin levels were increased significantly beyond 100 years of age, were negatively associated with diabetes prevalence, and were associated with SNVs in CDH13 (p=2.21 × 10-22) and ADIPOQ (p=5.72 × 10-7). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that genetic variants, BMI, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) were the main factors associated with cHMW adiponectin levels in the very old, whereas the BMI showed no association in centenarians. The hazard ratios for all-cause mortality in the intermediate and high cHMW adiponectin groups in very old men were significantly higher rather than those for all-cause mortality in the low-level cHMW adiponectin group, even after adjustment with BMI. In contrast, the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were significantly higher for high cHMW adiponectin groups in very old women, but were not significant after adjustment with BMI. Conclusions cHMW adiponectin levels increased with age until centenarians, and the contribution of known major factors associated with cHMW adiponectin levels, including BMI and HDLC, varies with age, suggesting that its physiological significance also varies with age in the oldest old. Funding This study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Labour for the Scientific Research Projects for Longevity; a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No 21590775, 24590898, 15KT0009, 18H03055, 20K20409, 20K07792, 23H03337) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Keio University Global Research Institute (KGRI), Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Research Complex Program "Tonomachi Research Complex" Wellbeing Research Campus: Creating new values through technological and social innovation (JP15667051), the Program for an Integrated Database of Clinical and Genomic Information from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (No. 16kk0205009h001, 17jm0210051h0001, 19dk0207045h0001); the medical-welfare-food-agriculture collaborative consortium project from the Japan Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries; and the Biobank Japan Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, and Technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nishimoto
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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van der Ploeg MA, Poortvliet RKE, Bogaerts JMK, van der Klei VMGTH, Kerse N, Rolleston A, Teh R, Robinson L, Jagger C, Arai Y, Shikimoto R, Abe Y, Blom JW, Drewes YM, Gussekloo J. The Role of a Composite Fitness Score in the Association Between Low-Density Cholesterol and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1708-1716. [PMID: 37314150 PMCID: PMC10460558 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) predicts higher cardiovascular disease risk, and lowering LDL-C can prevent cardiovascular disease and reduces mortality risk. Interestingly, in cohort studies that include very old populations, no or inverse associations between LDL-C and mortality have been observed. This study aims to investigate whether the association between LDL-C and mortality in the very old is modified by a composite fitness score. METHODS A 2-stage meta-analysis of individual participant data from the 5 observational cohort studies. The composite fitness score was operationalized by performance on a combination of 4 markers: functional ability, cognitive function, grip strength, and morbidity. We pooled hazard ratios (HR) from Cox proportional-hazards models for 5-year mortality risk for a 1 mmol/L increase in LDL-C. Models were stratified by high/low composite fitness score. RESULTS Composite fitness scores were calculated for 2 317 participants (median 85 years, 60% females participants), of which 994 (42.9%) had a high composite fitness score, and 694 (30.0%) had a low-composite fitness score. There was an inverse association between LDL-C and 5-year mortality risk (HR 0.87 [95% CI: 0.80-0.94]; p < .01), most pronounced in participants with a low-composite fitness score (HR 0.85 [95% CI: 0.75-0.96]; p = .01), compared to those with a high composite fitness score (HR = 0.98 [95% CI: 0.83-1.15]; p = .78), the test for subgroups differences was not significant. CONCLUSIONS In this very old population, there was an inverse association between LDL-C and all-cause mortality, which was most pronounced in participants with a low-composite fitness scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milly A van der Ploeg
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde K E Poortvliet
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M K Bogaerts
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle M G T H van der Klei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Ruth Teh
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carol Jagger
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Shikimoto
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeanet W Blom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M Drewes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Kurata H, Meguro S, Abe Y, Sasaki T, Asakura K, Arai Y, Itoh H. Dietary protein intake and all-cause mortality: results from The Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:479. [PMID: 37558986 PMCID: PMC10413626 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased protein intake has been recommended to prevent sarcopenia/frailty, reports on the quantity and quality of protein intake needed and the associated prognosis, particularly in the aging population of Asia, are limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between protein intake and mortality in Japanese individuals, aged 85 years and older. METHODS The data were obtained from The Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project, which is a prospective cohort study of older adults aged between 85 and 89 years with no physical disability at baseline. Of the 1,026 adults in the cohort, 833 were included in the analysis, after excluding those who had not completed a brief, self-administered diet history questionnaire or those who scored less than 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination. The participants were grouped into quartiles based on protein intake: Q1 (protein < 14.7, %Energy), Q2 (14.7 ≤ protein < 16.7, %Energy), Q3 (16.7 ≤ protein < 19.1, %Energy), and Q4 (≥ 19.1, %Energy). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to evaluate the association between protein intake and all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were employed to investigate the relationship between protein intake and all-cause mortality. RESULTS The mean protein intake of our study population was 17.0% of total energy. Animal protein intake, particularly fish intake, increased significantly along with total protein intake. The study had an average observation period of 1,218 days and recorded 89 deaths. After adjusting for age, sex, skeletal muscle mass index, cardiovascular disease, cancer, education, and serum albumin levels, a lower risk of all-cause mortality was observed in the highest protein intake (Q4) group than in the lowest protein intake (Q1) group (hazard ratio: 0.44, 95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.90, p-value: 0.020). CONCLUSION Protein intake is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality in older adults (aged ≥ 85 years) who engage in independent activities of daily living. This association may impact all-cause mortality independent of muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kurata
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan.
| | - Shu Meguro
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku- ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku- ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku- ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
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Hama Y, Hosoda A, Kubota C, Guo R, Soeda H, Yamaguchi K, Okada M, Minakuchi S. Factors related to masticatory performance in junior and senior high school students and young adults: A cross-sectional study. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:424-429. [PMID: 36351617 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Maintaining good masticatory function from a young age promotes lifelong health, yet limited studies have explored masticatory performance in young individuals. We investigated the relationship of sex, age, and individual oral functions with masticatory performance among junior and senior high school students and young adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included students aged 12-13, 14-15, and 16-17 years (groups S1, S2, and S3, respectively) and young adults aged 20-40 years (group YA). We assessed oral functions, the number of functional teeth, and anthropometric measurements. Masticatory performance was evaluated using color-changeable chewing gum. We analyzed sex-related differences in each group and age-related differences in each sex. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using masticatory performance as the dependent variable to investigate related factors. RESULTS Among the 522 children and 100 young adults, males exhibited significantly higher masticatory performance than females in groups S1, S3, and YA. Among males, groups S2, S3, and YA exhibited significantly higher masticatory performance than group S1. Among females, group S2 exhibited higher masticatory performance than groups S1 and S3. Male sex, the maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure, and the number of functional teeth were significantly correlated with masticatory performance. CONCLUSIONS Masticatory function development differed by sex, with males exhibiting higher masticatory performance than females. We identified that male sex, the maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure, and the number of functional teeth were significantly associated with masticatory performance. Our findings provide a basis for masticatory performance assessment in different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Hama
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Hosoda
- Division of Medical Nutrition, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chieko Kubota
- Major of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Saitama Prefectural University, Japan
| | - Ruoyan Guo
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Soeda
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuzumi Okada
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Nishio K, Arai Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Fukasawa M, Oikawa D, Ito T, Takatsu M, Iinuma T. Relation between number of teeth, malnutrition, and 3-year mortality in elderly individuals ≥85 years. Oral Dis 2023; 29:827-835. [PMID: 34523194 PMCID: PMC10078753 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The number of teeth has been shown to affect mortality. However, it is unclear why the number of teeth is associated with mortality. We focused on the number of teeth and malnutrition and examined whether these differences affect 3-year all-cause mortality among very elderly individuals. METHODS This analysis was conducted using data from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study. Altogether 513 participants ≥85 years were categorized based on remaining teeth (0, 1-7, 8-18, ≥19). All-cause mortality was determined by calculating the cumulative 3-year survival rate according to the remaining number of teeth and the presence/absence of malnutrition. Further, hazard ratios (HRs) were analyzed using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS No difference was observed according to the number of teeth (p = 0.638), but the presence/absence of malnutrition was significantly associated with mortality (p < 0.001). Malnutrition was independently associated with higher HRs, even after adjusting for confounding factors associated with mortality. (HR: 2.315, 95% CI: 1.431-3.746). Additionally, adjusting for the number of teeth, HR remained significant (HR: 2.365, 95% CI: 1.449-3.853). CONCLUSION In the very elderly, malnutrition-but not the number of teeth-was independently associated with 3-year all-cause mortality after adjusting for various health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Nishio
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Fukasawa
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Oikawa
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Ito
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Takatsu
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Yu T, Oguma Y, Asakura K, Takayama M, Abe Y, Arai Y. [Identification of dietary patterns and their relationship with physical performance in adults of 85 years of age and older -A cross sectional study from The Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2022; 59:507-517. [PMID: 36476699 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.59.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM While the proportion of people of ≥85 years of age is expected to increase, there is limited research on the dietary patterns and physical performance of this population in Japan. The purpose of this study was to identify the dietary patterns of people of ≥85 years of age who live in Tokyo and to examine the relationship with their physical performance. METHODS Using data from the baseline survey (conducted in 2008-2009) of The Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study, the estimated 58 food intake items were aggregated into 33 items after energy adjustment, and a principal component analysis was performed. For physical performance, the results of grip strength, chair standing test, and 3 m timed up and go test conducted at normal walking speed were used. A multiple regression analysis was used to adjust for confounders and to examine the relationship between each dietary pattern and physical performance. RESULTS The subjects of the analysis were 87.3 (86.2-88.8) years of age (median [25-75th percentile] ). From the principal component analysis, three dietary patterns were identified: "various vegetable foods", "fish and mushrooms", and "cooked rice and miso soup". A higher propensity for the "fish and mushrooms" dietary pattern was significantly associated with grip strength (partial regression coefficient, B (95% confidence interval): 0.48 (0.13-0.83) ). CONCLUSIONS In a population of people of ≥85 years of age in Tokyo, a positive association was observed between hand grip strength and a dietary pattern characterized by fish and mushroom intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University.,Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine.,Keio University Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care
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11
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Bogaerts JM, Poortvliet RK, van der Klei VM, Achterberg WP, Blom JW, Teh R, Muru-Lanning M, Kerse N, Rolleston A, Jagger C, Kingston A, Robinson L, Arai Y, Shikimoto R, Gussekloo J. Disentangling the varying associations between systolic blood pressure and health outcomes in the very old: an individual patient data meta-analysis. J Hypertens 2022; 40:1786-1794. [PMID: 35822583 PMCID: PMC9451840 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While randomized controlled trials have proven the benefits of blood pressure (BP) lowering in participating octogenarians, population-based observational studies suggest an association between low systolic blood pressure (SBP) and faster overall decline. This study investigates the effects of BP-lowering treatment, a history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cognitive and physical fitness on the associations between SBP and health outcomes in the very old. METHODS Five cohorts from the Towards Understanding Longitudinal International older People Studies (TULIPS) consortium were included in a two-step individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA). We pooled hazard ratios (HR) from Cox proportional-hazards models for 5-year mortality and estimates of linear mixed models for change in cognitive and functional decline. Models were stratified by BP-lowering treatment, history of CVD, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, grip strength (GS) and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Of all 2480 participants (59.9% females, median 85 years), median baseline SBP was 149 mmHg, 64.3% used BP-lowering drugs and 47.3% had a history of CVD. Overall, higher SBP was associated with lower all-cause mortality (pooled HR 0.91 [95% confidence interval 0.88-0.95] per 10 mmHg). Associations remained irrespective of BP-lowering treatment, history of CVD and BMI, but were absent in octogenarians with above-median MMSE and GS. In pooled cohorts, SBP was not associated with cognitive and functional decline. CONCLUSION While in the very old with low cognitive or physical fitness a higher SBP was associated with a lower all-cause mortality, this association was not evident in fit octogenarians. SBP was not consistently associated with cognitive and functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veerle M.G.T.H. van der Klei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wilco P. Achterberg
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Jeanet W. Blom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Carol Jagger
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Kingston
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Shikimoto
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Subjectively Measured Physical Activity in Japanese Individuals 85 Years and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142924. [PMID: 35889881 PMCID: PMC9323235 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
High-quality diets and regular physical activity (PA) are considered healthy behaviors (HBs). HBs are associated with many health outcomes and are expected to improve quality of life. Although implementing HBs is important, the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs) and PA has not been well investigated, especially among those aged ≥ 85. This study used data from the Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study to examine the relationship between DPs and PA in a cross-sectional study. The dietary survey used the brief self-administered diet history questionnaire to estimate the intake of 58 foods. After energy adjustment, principal component analysis was performed to identify major DPs. A validated questionnaire was used to evaluate PA, and linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between DPs and PA, considering confounders. A total of 519 participants were included. Three major DPs (‘Various plant foods’, ‘Fish and mushrooms’, ‘Cooked rice and miso soup’) were identified. ‘Various plant foods’ was similar to DPs previously named ‘Healthy’ or ‘Prudent’, and its trend was positively associated with higher PA. This study observed the implementation of HBs even among those aged ≥ 85, suggesting that a trend toward a healthier diet is associated with higher PA.
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13
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Yoshida N, Arai Y, Takayama M, Abe Y, Oguma Y. The impact pathways of environmental, social, and behavioural factors on healthy ageing for urban dwellers aged 85+: Longitudinal study of the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH). SSM Popul Health 2022; 18:101089. [PMID: 35493406 PMCID: PMC9046878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of global population ageing and concentration in cities, the population aged 80 and over (80+) is growing rapidly. Japan has the fastest ageing population and longest healthy average life expectancy, while health decline becomes pronounced and care needs increase in the 85+ age group post the ‘average life expectancy’. The healthy ageing of older urban community dwellers is a pressing issue in world initiatives for sustainable urbanisation. However, for the 85+ age group, less is known about how promoting/inhibiting factors and their pathways influence healthy ageing, and related longitudinal studies remain insufficient. Using data from a longitudinal cohort study conducted from 2008–2009 to 2014–2015 among independent dwellers aged 85+ in central Tokyo (men = 203, women = 232), this study analysed the impact pathways of environmental, social, and behavioural factors on health and survival to explore promoters and potential risks on healthy ageing by gender, with multi-group structural equation modelling (SEM) and Bayesian SEM. For both genders, there was a positive chained pathway starting from friends as facilitators through positive interactions between 'social participation’ and 'active behaviour' to 'ageing-related health'. Additionally, their personal networks were small, suggesting that men with family-centred networks and women with non-family-centred networks require different approaches and supports. Implications of the results are discussed, and an organised social watch and support system, which becomes more important in the ‘new normal’ for urban dwellers aged 85+, is recommended. A 6-year longitudinal cohort study for independent urban dwellers aged 85+. SEM analysis among environmental, social, and behavioural factors on health. Friends can facilitate positive chained path through activities to health. Gender-differences in nature of personal networks affect healthy ageing. Social watching, support are necessary for this group in sustainable urbanisation.
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14
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Ando T, Nishimoto Y, Hirata T, Abe Y, Takayama M, Maeno T, Fujishima S, Takebayashi T, Arai Y. Association between multimorbidity, self-rated health and life satisfaction among independent, community-dwelling very old persons in Japan: longitudinal cohort analysis from the Kawasaki Ageing and Well-being Project. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049262. [PMID: 35210335 PMCID: PMC8883229 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify associations between multimorbidity and subjective health outcomes among the very old persons, after adjusting for coexisting conditions such as frailty and depression. STUDY SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This was an observational cross-sectional study involving 1012 independent, community-dwelling very old persons (507 men, 505 women; aged 85-89 years) in Kawasaki city, Japan. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the cross-sectional associations between multimorbidity and poor self-rated health (SRH) and life satisfaction using binary logistic regression. The secondary outcome was the association of subjective health with each chronic condition. RESULTS The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥2 conditions) was 94.7%, and the average number of chronic conditions was 4.47±1.9. Multimorbidity was significantly associated with poor SRH in the adjusted model only when six or more chronic conditions were present (OR 4.80; 95% CI 1.34 to 17.11; p=0.016). Cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, respiratory disease, connective tissue disease and arthritis showed significant associations with poor SRH after multivariate adjustment. Sex-specific analysis replicated associations between multimorbidity with six or more conditions and SRH in both men and women, while the diseases with the greatest impact on SRH differed between men and women. Most conditions were not associated with low satisfaction with life scale, with the exception of arthritis (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.78, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Multimorbidity is prevalent in the independent, community-dwelling very old persons and is associated with poor SRH when six or more conditions are present; conditions causing mobility limitations, such as cerebrovascular disease, connective tissue disease and arthritis, have a negative impact on SRH. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000026053.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ando
- Center for General Medicine Education, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nishimoto
- Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Takayama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Maeno
- Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seitaro Fujishima
- Center for General Medicine Education, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Wang PC, Gussekloo J, Arai Y, Abe Y, Blom JW, Duncan R, Jagger C, Kerse N, Martin-Ruiz C, Palapar L, den Elzen WPJ. The effects of single and a combination of determinants of anaemia in the very old: results from the TULIPS consortium. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:457. [PMID: 34372781 PMCID: PMC8351428 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Nutritional deficiencies, renal impairment and chronic inflammation are commonly mentioned determinants of anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these determinants, singly and in combination, on anaemia in the very old. Method The TULIPS Consortium consists of four population-based studies in oldest-old individuals: Leiden 85-plus Study, LiLACS NZ, Newcastle 85+ study, and TOOTH. Five selected determinants (iron, vitamin B12, and folate deficiency; low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); and high C-reactive protein (CRP)) were summed. This sum score was used to investigate the association with the presence and onset of anaemia (WHO definition). The individual study results were pooled using random-effects models. Results In the 2216 participants (59% female, 30% anaemia) at baseline, iron deficiency, low eGFR and high CRP were individually associated with the presence of anaemia. Low eGFR and high CRP were individually associated with the onset of anaemia. In the cross-sectional analyses, an increase per additional determinant (adjusted OR 2.10 (95% CI 1.85–2.38)) and a combination of ≥2 determinants (OR 3.44 (95% CI 2.70–4.38)) were associated with the presence of anaemia. In the prospective analyses, an increase per additional determinant (adjusted HR 1.46 (95% CI 1.24–1.71)) and the presence of ≥2 determinants (HR 1.95 (95% CI 1.40–2.71)) were associated with the onset of anaemia. Conclusion Very old adults with a combination of determinants of anaemia have a higher risk of having, and of developing, anaemia. Further research is recommended to explore causality and clinical relevance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02389-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chun Wang
- Leiden University Medical Center, Master's Vitality and Ageing, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeanet W Blom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rachel Duncan
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Carol Jagger
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1072, New Zealand
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Leah Palapar
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1072, New Zealand
| | - Wendy P J den Elzen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands. .,Atalmedial Diagnostics Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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[Update on cohort studies for aging]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2021; 58:183-189. [PMID: 34039792 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.58.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Sasaki T, Nishimoto Y, Hirata T, Abe Y, Takebayashi T, Arai Y. ALDH2 p.E504K Variation and Sex Are Major Factors Associated with Current and Quitting Alcohol Drinking in Japanese Oldest Old. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060799. [PMID: 34073884 PMCID: PMC8225027 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study identified the factors associated with current and quitting alcohol drinking in the Oldest Old to better understand the associated factors and mechanisms underlying drinking behaviors in this age group. Results of a questionnaire for drinking behavior in 1015 Japanese Oldest Old citizens aged 85 to 89 years revealed that 56.0% of men and 24.0% of women were current drinkers. A genome-wide association study revealed that the rs671 G > A variation, which corresponds to the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) p.E504K missense variant, was significantly associated with current drinking (odds ratio: 3.8, p = 3.33 × 10-31). Variable selection with 41 factors and multivariate regression logistic analysis for current drinking indicated that the rs671 genotype and sex were the most significant factors in the Oldest Old. Further analysis revealed that the rs671 genotype, alcohol-associated biomarkers, a history of heart or kidney disease, and frailty score are factors associated with quitting drinking in the Oldest Old men, whereas smoking history, walking time, and depression score were factors associated with quitting drinking in the Oldest Old women. These results indicate that the ALDH2 p.E504K variation is a major factor associated with current and quitting drinking in the Japanese Oldest Old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.A.); (Y.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5269-2468
| | - Yoshinori Nishimoto
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.A.); (Y.A.)
- Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.A.); (Y.A.)
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.A.); (Y.A.)
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18
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Osawa Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Oguma Y, Arai Y. Physical activity and all-cause mortality and mediators of the association in the very old. Exp Gerontol 2021; 150:111374. [PMID: 33905878 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Physical activity (PA) confers protection to individuals from the risk of death. However, in the very old, the dose-response relationship between PA and all-cause mortality and the possible biological mediators of this association are less known. We investigated whether PA predicts 6-year all-cause mortality and what biomarkers mediate the association. DESIGN Prospective cohort data from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study. SETTING Community-dwelling population. PARTICIPANTS A total of 441 women and men aged over 85 years. MEASUREMENTS Questionnaire-based PA was assessed at baseline and 3-year and 6-year follow-up visits. Survival status was confirmed up to the 6-year follow-up visit (153 deaths, 34.7%). Data of plasma albumin, cholinesterase, NT-proBNP, interleukin-6, cystatin C, and HbA1c levels were collected. For mediation analysis for survival analysis, we used the baseline PA and biomarkers with Weibull distribution accelerated failure time model and linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, education level, and Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS A curvilinear relationship was observed in the association between baseline PA and all-cause mortality. Compared to the inactive (0 METs*h/week), light amount of PA was associated with a lower risk of mortality. Compared to the highest tertile of PA (11.2 METs*h/week), higher PA did not reduce the risk of death. Circulation levels of albumin and cholinesterase mediated the association between baseline PA and all-cause mortality (proportion mediated, 54%, both; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared to completely inactive, light PA reduces the risk of all-cause mortality in the very old population. Mediation analysis suggests that protein synthesis in the liver may mediate the association between PA and all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying association between PA, nutrition, and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Osawa
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, MD, United States.
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Sasaki T, Abe Y, Takayama M, Adachi T, Okano H, Hirose N, Arai Y. Association among extracellular superoxide dismutase genotype, plasma concentration, and comorbidity in the very old and centenarians. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8539. [PMID: 33879836 PMCID: PMC8058336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87982-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), an antioxidant enzyme, is known as extracellular SOD (EC-SOD) because it is the predominant form in extracellular fluids. The diversity of plasma EC-SOD concentration is associated with the SOD3 p.R231G missense variant genotype. To clarify the association among SOD3 genotype, plasma EC-SOD concentration, and comorbidity in Oldest Old, we analyzed genome-wide associations with plasma EC-SOD concentration and associations between EC-SOD concentration and medical history classified by the SOD3 genotype in the Very Old (85–99 years old, n = 505) and Centenarians (over 100 years old, n = 595). The results revealed that SOD3 p.R231G was the most significant variant associated with plasma EC-SOD concentration. Although no significant difference was observed in medical histories between the SOD3 p.R231G variant non-carriers and carriers, higher EC-SOD concentration in plasma of SOD3 p.R231G variant non-carriers was associated with a high odds ratio for chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.98–3.72) and low odds ratio for diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.39–0.95). Comparison with 11 plasma biomarkers for age-related disease showed that plasma EC-SOD concentration correlated with adiponectin and estimated glomerular filtration rate with creatinine correction; therefore, we deduced that EC-SOD co-operates with adiponectin and possesses beneficial functions for DM in the Oldest Old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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20
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Albani V, Nishio K, Ito T, Kotronia E, Moynihan P, Robinson L, Hanratty B, Kingston A, Abe Y, Takayama M, Iinuma T, Arai Y, Ramsay SE. Associations of poor oral health with frailty and physical functioning in the oldest old: results from two studies in England and Japan. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:187. [PMID: 33736595 PMCID: PMC7977173 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Very few studies have examined the relationship of oral health with physical functioning and frailty in the oldest old (> 85 years). We examined the association of poor oral health with markers of disability, physical function and frailty in studies of oldest old in England and Japan. Methods The Newcastle 85+ Study in England (n = 853) and the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH; n = 542) comprise random samples of people aged > 85 years. Oral health markers included tooth loss, dryness of mouth, difficulty swallowing and difficulty eating due to dental problems. Physical functioning was based on grip strength and gait speed; disability was assessed as mobility limitations. Frailty was ascertained using the Fried frailty phenotype. Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using logistic regression. Results In the Newcastle 85+ Study, dry mouth symptoms, difficulty swallowing, difficulty eating, and tooth loss were associated with increased risks of mobility limitations after adjustment for sex, socioeconomic position, behavioural factors and co-morbidities [odds ratios (95%CIs) were 1.76 (1.26–2.46); 2.52 (1.56–4.08); 2.89 (1.52–5.50); 2.59 (1.44–4.65) respectively]. Similar results were observed for slow gait speed. Difficulty eating was associated with weak grip strength and frailty on full adjustment. In the TOOTH Study, difficulty eating was associated with increased risks of frailty, mobility limitations and slow gait speed; and complete tooth loss was associated with increased risk of frailty. Conclusion Different markers of poor oral health are independently associated with worse physical functioning and frailty in the oldest old age groups. Research to understand the underlying pathways is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02081-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Albani
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Kensuke Nishio
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Ito
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eftychia Kotronia
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paula Moynihan
- Adelaide Dental School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Barbara Hanratty
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Kingston
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sheena E Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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21
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Potential Therapeutic Applications of Hydrogen in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Possible Inhibiting Role on Mitochondrial Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052549. [PMID: 33806292 PMCID: PMC7961517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the largest source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are intracellular organelles that produce large amounts of the most potent hydroxyl radical (·OH). Molecular hydrogen (H2) can selectively eliminate ·OH generated inside of the mitochondria. Inflammation is induced by the release of proinflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages and neutrophils. However, an uncontrolled or exaggerated response often occurs, resulting in severe inflammation that can lead to acute or chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have reported that ROS activate NLRP3 inflammasomes, and that this stimulation triggers the production of proinflammatory cytokines. It has been shown in literature that H2 can be based on the mechanisms that inhibit mitochondrial ROS. However, the ability for H2 to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation via mitochondrial oxidation is poorly understood. In this review, we hypothesize a possible mechanism by which H2 inhibits mitochondrial oxidation. Medical applications of H2 may solve the problem of many chronic inflammation-based diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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22
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Arai Y, Oguma Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Hara A, Urushihara H, Takebayashi T. Behavioral changes and hygiene practices of older adults in Japan during the first wave of COVID-19 emergency. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:137. [PMID: 33627073 PMCID: PMC7903371 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On April 7, 2020, Japan declared a state of emergency due to the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with the associated social distancing likely to have had a great impact on older adults' lifestyle and health. This study aimed to explore the behavioral changes and personal hygiene practices in relation with background psychosocial and health characteristics of older adults during the COVID-19 emergency. METHODS A cross-sectional telephonic survey was conducted with the participants of the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project (KAWP), an on-going longitudinal cohort study of older adults aged 85 or older. The interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire consisting of 11 closed questions regarding behavioral changes and personal hygiene practices during the state of emergency. Sociodemographic and health data were obtained from the KAWP baseline survey conducted 2.2 years before the telephonic survey. RESULTS Overall, 487 participants from the KAWP responded to the telephonic survey (response rate: 89.2%). 94.5% of the respondents reported no changes in basic lifestyle habits, such as eating, sleeping, smoking, and drinking, whereas 28.1% reported a decrease in physical activity, and 54.6% reported going out less frequently. One-third of the respondents reported a decrease in the number of people to converse with, as well as the amount of time to converse. For personal hygiene practices, 93.8% reported wearing a mask when they went out, and 50.3% reported an increased frequency of handwashing. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that engagement in physical activity at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-3.08), smartphone ownership (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.33-3.47), and visual impairment (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.10-2.91) were independently associated with decreased physical activity during the COVID-19 emergency. Female respondents and smartphone ownership were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed that older adults in an urban setting responded to the COVID-19 emergency with behavioral changes. The findings of this study have implications for the design of preventive strategies to maintain the health and wellbeing of at-risk older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumichi Arai
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 223-8521, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Midori Takayama
- Department of Foreign Languages and Liberal Arts, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 223-8521, Japan
| | - Azusa Hara
- Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hisashi Urushihara
- Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-85820, Japan
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23
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Palapar L, Kerse N, Rolleston A, den Elzen WPJ, Gussekloo J, Blom JW, Robinson L, Martin-Ruiz C, Duncan R, Arai Y, Takayama M, Teh R. Anaemia and physical and mental health in the very old: An individual participant data meta-analysis of four longitudinal studies of ageing. Age Ageing 2021; 50:113-119. [PMID: 32939533 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afaa178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the physical and mental health of very old people (aged 80+) with anaemia. METHODS Individual level meta-analysis from five cohorts of octogenarians (n = 2,392): LiLACS NZ Māori, LiLACS NZ non-Māori, Leiden 85-plus Study, Newcastle 85+ Study, and TOOTH. Mixed models of change in functional ability, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health over time were separately fitted for each cohort. We combined individual cohort estimates of differences according to the presence of anaemia at baseline, adjusting for age at entry, sex, and time elapsed. Combined estimates are presented as differences in standard deviation units (i.e. standardised mean differences-SMDs). RESULTS The combined prevalence of anaemia was 30.2%. Throughout follow-up, participants with anaemia, on average, had: worse functional ability (SMD -0.42 of a standard deviation across cohorts; CI -0.59,-0.25); worse cognitive scores (SMD -0.27; CI -0.39,-0.15); worse depression scores (SMD -0.20; CI -0.31,-0.08); and lower ratings of their own health (SMD -0.36; CI -0.47,-0.25). Differential rates of change observed were: larger declines in functional ability for those with anaemia (SMD -0.12 over five years; CI -0.21,-0.03) and smaller mean difference in depression scores over time between those with and without anaemia (SMD 0.18 over five years; CI 0.05,0.30). CONCLUSION Anaemia in the very old is a common condition associated with worse functional ability, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health, and a more rapid decline in functional ability over time. The question remains as to whether anaemia itself contributes to worse outcomes or is simply a marker of chronic diseases and nutrient deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Palapar
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Wendy P J den Elzen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanet W Blom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rachel Duncan
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
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24
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Sasaki T, Nishimoto Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Hirose N, Okano H, Arai Y. Sex-Specific Effects of Apolipoprotein ε4 Allele on Mortality in Very Old and Centenarian Japanese Men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:1874-1879. [PMID: 31603980 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E4 (APOE ε4) allele has attracted attention as an age-related genetic factor, both in neurology and gerontology. To understand the effects of the APOE ε4 allele on mortality in elderly individuals, we combined Japanese prospective cohort studies comprising 535 very old individuals (85-99 years of age) and 930 centenarians (over 100 years of age) and analyzed the association between mortality rates and candidate factors, including the APOE ε4 allele. APOE genotyping revealed an inverse correlation between the APOE ε4 allele carrier rate and age. Additionally, APOE ε4 allele carrier rate in centenarian men was significantly lower than that in centenarian women. The association analysis between APOE ε4 allele carriers and all-cause mortality indicated that APOE ε4 carriers showed significantly higher mortality rates than the APOE ε4 noncarriers among men in the very old group. Further analysis using Cox proportional hazard models indicated that cause-specific mortalities, including pneumonia and severe dementia, were associated with APOE ε4 carriers. These findings indicate that the APOE ε4 allele shows phenotypic male-specific adverse effects in the very old, which would explain the high mortality rate observed in this group, resulting in a low APOE ε4 allele carrier rate in centenarian men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Preventive Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hideyuki Okano
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Associations of cardiovascular biomarkers and plasma albumin with exceptional survival to the highest ages. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3820. [PMID: 32732919 PMCID: PMC7393489 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercentenarians (those aged ≥110 years) are approaching the current human longevity limit by preventing or surviving major illness. Identifying specific biomarkers conducive to exceptional survival might provide insights into counter-regulatory mechanisms against aging-related disease. Here, we report associations between cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers and survival to the highest ages using a unique dataset of 1,427 oldest individuals from three longitudinal cohort studies, including 36 supercentenarians, 572 semi-supercentenarians (105–109 years), 288 centenarians (100–104 years), and 531 very old people (85–99 years). During follow-up, 1,000 participants (70.1%) died. Overall, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin-6, cystatin C and cholinesterase are associated with all-cause mortality independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and plasma albumin. Of these, low NT-proBNP levels are statistically associated with a survival advantage to supercentenarian age. Only low albumin is associated with high mortality across age groups. These findings expand our knowledge on the biology of human longevity. Supercentenarians are approaching the current longevity limit by avoiding or surviving major illness, thus identifying biomarkers for exceptional survival might provide insights into the protection against disease of aging. Here, the authors show low NT-proBNP and high albumin in plasma are the biological correlates of survival to the highest ages.
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26
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Niimura H, Eguchi Y, Kida H, Suzuki K, Takayama M, Mimura M. Sociopsychological characteristics of late nonagenarians in Japan: the protocol of the Arakawa 95+ study. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:50-58. [PMID: 31083794 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to examine sociopsychological characteristics of the oldest old in Japan. We conducted a baseline survey of a community-based cohort of persons aged 95 or older. METHODS Participants were aged 95+ years and resided in Arakawa Ward in Tokyo on 1 January 2016. We mailed a questionnaire to these individuals to assess their physical, mental, and social status. Subsequently, if respondents agreed, we conducted in-home interviews and examined their physical and cognitive function. Also, we mailed non-respondents a simplified version of full questionnaire. Additionally, we examined the basic registered data of the study population and the status of their Long-term Care Insurance. Data at baseline and 1-year follow-up were compared. RESULTS With regard to Long-term Care Insurance, 423 residents aged 95+ years (78.0%) were on long-term care level, 35 (6.5%) were on support level, and 84 (15.5%) did not require support. At the 1-year follow-up, 275 (50.7%) had the same care level, 107 (19.7%) required a greater level of care, and 131 had died (annual death rate: 24.2%). Compared to the simplified questionnaire group (n = 128) and the full questionnaire-only group (n = 14), a higher proportion of respondents who had completed the full questionnaire and had in-home interviews (n = 26) were men, lived only with a spouse, had higher activities of daily living, and reported more positive feelings and well-being. CONCLUSIONS In the late nonagenarian population, the annual death rate was high, and care needs increased rapidly. However, some persons maintained the same care level or even showed improvement and successful ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehito Niimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Eguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouta Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Takayama
- Department of Foreign Language and Liberal Arts, Keio University School of Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Eguchi Y, Noda Y, Nakajima S, Tsugawa S, Kida H, Plitman E, Graff‐Guerrero A, Chakravarty MM, Takayama M, Arai Y, Matsuda H, Mimura M, Niimura H. Subiculum volumes associated with memory function in the oldest‐old individuals aged 95 years and older. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19:347-351. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Eguchi
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaitama Medical University International Medical Center Saitama Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Multimodal Imaging Group, Center for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Sakiko Tsugawa
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hisashi Kida
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Eric Plitman
- Department of Psychiatry, Multimodal Imaging Group, Center for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Ariel Graff‐Guerrero
- Department of Psychiatry, Multimodal Imaging Group, Center for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Mallar M Chakravarty
- Cerebral Imaging CenterDouglas Mental Health University Institute Montreal Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biological and Biomedical EngineeringMcGill University Montreal Canada
| | - Midori Takayama
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyKeio University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical ResearchKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaitama Medical University International Medical Center Saitama Japan
- Integrative Brain Imaging CenterNational Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hidehito Niimura
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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28
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Akimoto K, Yamaguchi T, Naraoka Y, Hu A, Kobayashi H. Depigmentory Effects of Keishibukuryogankayokuinin in Human Epidermal Melanocytes. Health (London) 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2019.117070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Chang HC, Hsieh CF, Lin YC, Tantoh DM, Ko PC, Kung YY, Wang MC, Hsu SY, Liaw YC, Liaw YP. Does coffee drinking have beneficial effects on bone health of Taiwanese adults? A longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1273. [PMID: 30453911 PMCID: PMC6245613 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Results from studies investigating the association between coffee consumption and osteoporosis or bone mineral density (BMD) have been inconsistent. This longitudinal study was performed to assess the effect of coffee drinking on bone health of Taiwanese adults. Methods Data were retrieved from the Li-Shin (Landseed) Hospital in Taoyuan City. In 2006, 6152 participants completed a questionnaire on coffee drinking and other lifestyle factors. In 2014, 5077 of them were followed up. Nonetheless, a total of 2395 participants with incomplete data were excluded. The final analyses included 2682 participants comprising 1195 men and 1487 women (706 premenopausal and 781 postmenopausal). T-scores were derived from the osteo-sono assessment index (OSI) which is a surrogate of BMD. Coffee drinking was categorized as “no, medium, and high” based on the number of cups that were consumed per week in both 2006 and 2014. Results In general, medium and high coffee drinking were associated with higher T-scores. However, significant results were observed only among high drinkers (β = 0.158; P = 0.0038). Nonetheless, the test for linear trend was significant (P = 0.0046). After stratification by sex, medium and high coffee drinking were associated with higher T-scores. However, significant results were prominent only among high male drinkers (β = 0.237; P = 0.0067) and the test for trend was significant (P = 0.0161). Based on menopausal status, coffee drinking was associated with higher T-scores. Nevertheless, significant results were found only among premenopausal women (β = 0.233; P = 0.0355 and β = 0.234; P = 0.0152 for medium and high coffee drinking, respectively. The test for linear trend was significant (P = 0.0108). Conclusion Coffee drinking was significantly associated with higher T-scores hence, a lower risk of osteoporosis in men and premenopausal women. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6168-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Cheng Chang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Care Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Fa Hsieh
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for General Education, Hsin Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Lin
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chieh Ko
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Kung
- Division of Health Management, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chi Wang
- Division of Health Management, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Hsu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Liaw
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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30
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Relative validity of brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire among very old Japanese aged 80 years or older. Public Health Nutr 2018; 22:212-222. [PMID: 30274565 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018002331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary questionnaires for assessing dietary intakes among populations of individuals aged 80 years or older (the very old) are very limited. We examined the relative validity of forty-three nutrients and twenty-seven food groups estimated by a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) targeting very old Japanese, using semi-weighed dietary records (DR) as a reference. DESIGN Between June and August 2012 and between June 2015 and February 2016, a three-day non-consecutive DR (at two-week intervals) and a BDHQ were completed. SETTING Tokyo, the capital prefecture of Japan. SUBJECTS Eighty very old Japanese (thirty-six men and forty-four women) aged 82-94 years. RESULTS The median intakes of 40-70 % of the crude and energy-adjusted nutrients estimated by the BDHQ were significantly different from those estimated by the DR. The median Spearman's correlation coefficient of nutrient intakes between the BDHQ and the DR was 0·39-0·46. About half (48-56 %) of the food groups were significantly different in terms of the median intakes estimated by the BDHQ and the DR in crude and energy-adjusted values. The median Spearman's correlation coefficient between the BDHQ and the DR was 0·45-0·48. CONCLUSIONS Acceptable Spearman's correlations (≥0·3) were obtained for many dietary intakes among the very old Japanese population. The BDHQ is a good candidate for epidemiological studies among very old Japanese, although, for some nutrients and food groups, the difficulty of estimating accurate median intakes is one of the limitations for the tool. Further efforts to enhance the validity of the BDHQ for very old populations are needed.
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31
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Eguchi Y, Tasato K, Nakajima S, Noda Y, Tsugawa S, Shinagawa S, Niimura H, Hirose N, Arai Y, Mimura M. Relationships between socio-clinico-demographic factors and global cognitive function in the oldest old living in the Tokyo Metropolitan area: Reanalysis of the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH). Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018. [PMID: 29514399 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a steady increase in life expectancy, a few studies have investigated cross-sectional correlates and longitudinal predictors of cognitive function, a core domain of the successful aging, among socio-clinico-demographic factors in the oldest-old exclusively. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to examine socio-clinico-demographic characteristics associated with global cognition and its changes in the oldest-old. METHODS We reanalyzed a dataset of cognitively preserved community-dwelling subjects aged 85 years and older in the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health, a 6-year longitudinal observational study. This study consisted of (1) baseline cross-sectional analyses examining correlates of global cognition (n = 248) among socio-clinico-demographic factors and (2) longitudinal analyses examining baseline predictors for changes of global cognition in 3-year follow-up (n = 195). The Mini-Mental State Examination was used as a screening test to assess global cognition. RESULTS At baseline, higher weights were related to higher cognitive function in the oldest-old. The baseline predictors of global cognitive decline in 3-year follow-up were higher global cognition, shorter education period, and lower sociocultural activities and lower instrumental activity of daily living, in this order. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that it is crucial to attain higher education during early life and avoid leanness or obesity, participate in sociocultural cognitive activities during late life, and maintain instrumental activity of daily living to preserve optimal cognitive function in the oldest-old, which will facilitate developing prevention strategies for cognitive decline and promoting successful aging in this increasing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Eguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Tasato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Multimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Hidehito Niimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Cho C, Han C, Sung M, Lee C, Kim M, Ogawa Y, Kohzuki M. Six-Month Lower Limb Aerobic Exercise Improves Physical Function in Young-Old, Old-Old, and Oldest-Old Adults. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 242:251-257. [PMID: 28740035 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.242.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of aerobic exercise on physical function and mental health in various adult age groups (young-old, 65-74; old-old, 75-84; oldest-old, ≥ 85 years) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the Kohzuki Exercise Program (KEP) on physical function and mental health in these age groups. The KEP consisted of 40-min supervised sessions 3 times per week for 6 months as follows: 5 min of warm-up, 30 min of lower limb aerobic exercise, and 5 min of cool-down. A total of 50 participants (22 young-old, 20 old-old, and 8 oldest-old) who participated in the KEP completed at least 88% of the sessions. In statistical analysis, 3 (group: oldest-old, old-old, young-old) × 2 (time: baseline and after 6 months) analyses of variance were used to determine if there were significant main and interaction effects. Significant interactions were probed using the post-hoc paired t test. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score showed significant group × time interactions after 6 months (p = 0.031). In the post-hoc test, oldest-old (p < 0.001), old-old (p < 0.001), and young-old (p < 0.01) groups had significantly better physical function after 6 months. However, none of the mental health measures showed group × time interactions at 6-month. Our results suggest that a 6-month KEP led to improved physical function in oldest-old, old-old, and young-old adults. The KEP was effective for oldest-old adults in particular. The KEP exhibits good adherence, making it suitable for a wide age range in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeyoon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Misun Sung
- E. LAND Welfare Foundation Inc. Mapo Senior Welfare Center Seoul
| | - Chaewon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiko Ogawa
- Department of Sport and Medical Science, Teikyo University
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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Iinuma T, Arai Y, Takayama M, Takayama M, Abe Y, Osawa Y, Fukumoto M, Fukui Y, Shioda Y, Hirose N, Komiyama K, Gionhaku N. Satisfaction with dietary life affects oral health-related quality of life and subjective well-being in very elderly people. J Oral Sci 2018. [PMID: 28637980 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Age-related deterioration in physical and oral health reduces healthy life expectancy and is thus an important problem for very elderly people. We investigated the effects of satisfaction with dietary life (SDL) in everyday life on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and subjective well-being and examined associations between these factors. We evaluated 426 elders aged 85 years or older. All participants completed a questionnaire that inquired about age, gender, drinking status, body mass index, cognitive function, disability, and comorbidities, among other covariates. Oral, physical, and mental health conditions were also examined. Associations of questionnaire results for SDL with items on subjective well-being (Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale [PGC] and World Health Organization-5 [WHO-5]) and OHRQoL (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index [GOHAI]) were confirmed with multiple logistic regression analysis. In a multivariate model adjusted for various confounders, participants with self-reported "enjoyable" SDL had significantly lower risks for having the lowest scores on the GOHAI, PGC, and WHO-5 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.460, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.277-0.762; OR = 0.589, 95% CI = 0.348-0.996; and OR = 0.452, 95% CI = 0.263-0.775, respectively). These associations remained after further adjustment for number of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yusuke Osawa
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Motoko Fukumoto
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Yusuke Fukui
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Yohei Shioda
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Kazuo Komiyama
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Nobuhito Gionhaku
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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He Y, Zhao Y, Yao Y, Yang S, Li J, Liu M, Chen X, Wang J, Zhu Q, Li X, Zhang F, Luan F. Cohort Profile: The China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study (CHCCS). Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:694-695h. [PMID: 29506028 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao He
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yao Yao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases
| | - Jing Li
- Management Department, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases
| | | | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases
| | | | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Zhang
- Management Department, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Fuxin Luan
- Management Department, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
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35
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Sato R, Arai Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Urushihara H. The drug burden of anticholinergics and sedatives and influence on outcomes in the community-living oldest old: The Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health (TOOTH) survey. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2017; 54:403-416. [PMID: 28855465 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.54.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study was to assess the burdens of anticholinergic and sedative drugs in community-living individuals of 85 years of age or older. METHODS The Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health (TOOTH) is a cohort study designed to assess the physical, mental, and oral health of the community-living oldest old. We investigated the relationships between the anticholinergic/sedative burden and physical/cognitive outcomes. The drug burden was assessed by the Drug Burden Index (DBI). Relationships between the DBI score and the physical/cognitive outcomes were evaluated by multivariate regression. The age-related changes (baseline to 3-year follow-up) of these outcomes were also investigated. RESULTS At baseline, the data of 306 subjects were subjected to a cross-sectional analysis. The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Mini Mental State Examination scores were found to be significantly associated with the DBI score. After 3 years, the Activities of Daily Living score was significantly associated with the DBI score in 176 subjects. Changes in these outcome measures were small during the 3-year follow-up period and were not associated with the DBI scores at baseline. DISCUSSION DBI in the community-living oldest old were evaluated. Our findings suggest that anticholinergic and sedative drugs may influence the physical and cognitive function in the oldest old. Additional studies should be performed to investigate the relationships between the change of the physical/cognitive functions and the DBI score over a long-term observation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Sato
- Drug Development and Regulatory Science, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Hisashi Urushihara
- Drug Development and Regulatory Science, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science
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Iinuma T, Hirata T, Arai Y, Takayama M, Abe Y, Fukumoto M, Fukui Y, Gionhaku N. Perceived swallowing problems and mortality risk in very elderly people ≥85 years old: Results of the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study. Gerodontology 2017; 34:313-319. [PMID: 28349594 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify whether perceived swallowing problems affect the life expectancy of very elderly individuals. BACKGROUND In an ageing society, oral function affects health status. In particular, a decline in swallowing function may increase the risk of various diseases, morbidity and malnutrition. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 526 elderly individuals aged ≥85 years. All participants completed a questionnaire and underwent oral, physical and mental health examinations. The comprehensive oral health assessment comprised a face-to-face interview that included a questionnaire on swallowing function. We estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals using the Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for potential confounders between perceived swallowing problems and all-cause mortality over a 3-year period. RESULTS Over a 3-year follow-up period, 88 of 526 participants died and 68 participants complained of perceived swallowing problems. Perceived swallowing problems had statistically significant associations with physical status and function and nutrition. In the univariate analysis, perceived swallowing problems had statistically significant associations with an approximately 1.9-fold higher risk of all-cause mortality during the 3-year period (HR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.14-3.14). In the multivariate analysis, the statistically significant association between perceived swallowing problems and all-cause mortality remained after adjusting for various confounding factors (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.03-2.92). CONCLUSION Perceived swallowing disorders should be verified by a clinical examination, as they are associated with other health outcomes and increased all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoko Fukumoto
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fukui
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Gionhaku
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Merz MA, Terheyden H, Huber CG, Seixas AA, Schoetzau A, Schneeberger AR. Facilitators and barriers influencing the readiness to receive dental implants in a geriatric institutionalised population-A randomized non-invasive interventional study. Gerodontology 2017; 34:306-312. [PMID: 28370397 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although elderly people have many serious dental issues and are in need of prosthesis, few opt for dental implants. The aim of this study was to investigate barriers that prevent elderly people from receiving dental implants. Specifically, we examined (i) whether the message was delivered before or after the interview had an impact, and (ii) whether it did matter who delivered the message. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-six residents from seven residential homes in the Canton of Grisons, Switzerland were included. The sample was randomized to a treatment group that received comprehensive education about dental implants before the interview and a control group that received education after completing the questionnaire. RESULTS The sample consisted of 54 women (81.8%) and 12 males (18.2%) with an average age of 86.2 years. Education before the interview did not show any impact on the attitude towards dental implants. Main reasons for a negative attitude towards implants were old age and high costs. Participants who received information about implants from their relatives and their own dentist and not from the study dentist were significantly more willing to receive implants. CONCLUSION Providing an adequate education about benefits and risks of receiving dental implants does not change the attitude towards dental implants. The source of information/messenger does influence attitudes towards implants. If the person delivering the education and information is a relative or a known medical person, the person's attitude is more likely to change as compared to people receiving the information from an unrelated person.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A Merz
- Implantatzentrum Professor Terheyden Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Christian G Huber
- Universitaere Psychiatrische Kliniken, Universitaet Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Azizi A Seixas
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Andres R Schneeberger
- Universitaere Psychiatrische Kliniken, Universitaet Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Psychiatrische Dienste Graubuenden, St. Moritz, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Hirata T, Arai Y, Takayama M, Abe Y, Ohkuma K, Takebayashi T. Carotid Plaque Score and Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in the Oldest Old: Results from the TOOTH Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2017; 25:55-64. [PMID: 28179606 PMCID: PMC5770224 DOI: 10.5551/jat.37911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Accumulating evidence suggests that predictability of traditional cardiovascular risk factors declines with advancing age. We investigated whether carotid plaque scores (CPSs) were associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in the oldest old, and whether asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), a marker of endothelial dysfunction, moderated the association between the CPS and CVD death. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of Japanese subjects aged ≥ 85 years without CVD at baseline. We followed this cohort for 6 years to investigate the association of CPS with CVD death via multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis. We divided participants into three groups according to CPS (no, 0 points; low, 1.2–4.9 points; high, ≥5.0 points). The predictive value of CPS for estimating CVD death risk over CVD risk factors, including ADMA, was examined using C-statistics. Results: We analyzed 347 participants (151 men, 196 women; mean age, 87.6 years), of which 135 (38.9%) had no carotid plaque at baseline, and 48 (13.8%) had high CPS. Of the total, 29 (8.4%) participants experienced CVD-related death during the study period. Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association of high CPS with CVD-related mortality relative to no CPS (hazard ratio, 3.90; 95% confidence interval: 1.47–10.39). ADMA was not associated with CVD death, but the significant association between CPS and CVD death was observed only in lower ADMA level. The addition of CPS to other risk factors improved the predictability of CVD death (p = 0.032). Conclusions: High CPS correlated significantly with a higher CVD death risk in the oldest old with low cardiovascular risk. Ultrasound carotid plaque evaluation might facilitate risk evaluations of CVD death in the very old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Hirata
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Kiyoshi Ohkuma
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
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Iinuma T, Arai Y, Takayama M, Abe Y, Ito T, Kondo Y, Hirose N, Gionhaku N. Association between maximum occlusal force and 3-year all-cause mortality in community-dwelling elderly people. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:82. [PMID: 27586200 PMCID: PMC5009498 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the very elderly, poor oral health reduces life expectancy. In this study, differences in the magnitude of the maximum occlusal force (MOF) in the very elderly were examined in terms of effects on all-cause mortality in a 3-year follow-up. METHODS We evaluated 489 community-living elderly individuals aged 85 years or older. MOF was measured using an occlusal force measuring device, and participants were classified into three groups according to gender- and dental status-sensitive tertiles. Demographic variables, cognitive, physical function, psychological status, oral health, comorbidity, and blood chemistry factors were assessed. One-way analyses of variance, χ (2) tests, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analyses. The relationship between MOF tertiles and 3-year all-cause mortality was examined using a multivariate Cox model analysis after adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS MOF tertiles were significantly associated with cognitive impairment, number of teeth, limitations on chewable foods, handgrip strength, timed up-and-go test, and diabetes mellitus. During the follow-up period, 74 subjects died. Subjects with the highest MOF had a significantly lower mortality rate than other groups (log rank P = 0.031). In the univariate Cox model, MOF tertiles were independently associated with a lower risk of death (HR = 0.69, 95 % CI = 0.51-0.91). Even after adjusting for various confounders in the multivariate Cox model (Model 1), MOF was independently associated with a lower risk of death (HR = 0.67, 95 % CI = 0.50-0.91). In model 2, we added handgrip strength as a confounder and found that the HR for MOF was attenuated (HR = 0.73, 95 % CI = 0.54-0.99), but still statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of the very elderly, MOF was independently associated with all-cause mortality after adjusting for various health issues. Moreover, this independent association remained after a further adjustment for handgrip strength; however, the HR was attenuated. This suggests that MOF and handgrip strength may share a common mechanism of a general decrease in muscle strength, possibly sarcopenia, which is a significant cause of mortality in the very old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Ito
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugaku Kondo
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Gionhaku
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Herr M, Arvieu JJ, Robine JM, Ankri J. Health, frailty and disability after ninety: Results of an observational study in France. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2016; 66:166-75. [PMID: 27341649 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of their increasing demographic weight, health characteristics of the oldest old remain poorly described in epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVE To describe the health of people aged 70 years and over included in the SIPAF study, and to compare the prevalence of health indicators including successful aging, frailty, and disability between three age groups including the oldest old. METHODS The study population is composed of 2350 retired people recruited between 2008 and 2010, of whom 512 are aged 90 and over (21.8%). A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed at home by trained nurses. The prevalence of health and functional indicators, as well as the distribution of people among successful ageing, frailty, and disability, were described by age group (70-79, 80-89, 90+) and sex. RESULTS Compared to their younger counterparts, people aged 90 years and over were more likely to experience functional limitations, sensory impairment, cognitive impairment, poor mood, and frailty. One third of the nonagenarians needed help in at least one basic activity of daily living and 25% met the frailty criteria. In contrast, the prevalence of most chronic diseases did not increase after ninety. Successful ageing concerned 9% of the oldest old. Women were less likely to experience successful ageing and more likely to be frail or dependent. CONCLUSION This study shows the diversity of health states in very old age and points out that one quarter of the people aged 90 and over said frail are likely to take advantage of preventive actions of disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Herr
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Sainte Périne, Département de Santé Publique, Paris, France.
| | - J J Arvieu
- AG2R La Mondiale, Direction des Etudes, Prévoyance Individuelle et IARD, Paris, France
| | - J M Robine
- INSERM U988 et U1198, EPHE, Paris & Montpellier, France
| | - J Ankri
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Sainte Périne, Département de Santé Publique, Paris, France
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Tarkowska A, Katzer L, Ahlers MO. Assessment of masticatory performance by means of a color-changeable chewing gum. J Prosthodont Res 2016; 61:9-19. [PMID: 27211494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research determined the relevance of masticatory performance with regard to nutritional status, cognitive functions, or stress management. In addition, the measurement of masticatory efficiency contributes to the evaluation of therapeutic successes within the stomatognathic system. However, the question remains unanswered as to what extent modern techniques are able to reproduce the subtle differences in masticatory efficiency within various patient groups. The purpose of this review is to provide an extensive summary of the evaluation of masticatory performance by means of a color-changeable chewing gum with regard to its clinical relevance and applicability. STUDY SELECTION A general overview describing the various methods available for this task has already been published. This review focuses in depth on the research findings available on the technique of measuring masticatory performance by means of color-changeable chewing gum. Described are the mechanism and the differentiability of the color change and methods to evaluate the color changes. Subsequently, research on masticatory performance is conducted with regard to patient age groups, the impact of general diseases and the effect of prosthetic and surgical treatment. RESULTS The studies indicate that color-changeable chewing gum is a valid and reliable method for the evaluation of masticatory function. CONCLUSION Apart from other methods, in clinical practice this technique can enhance dental diagnostics as well as the assessment of therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcus Oliver Ahlers
- CMD-Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Hamburg, Germany
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Kawasaki M, Arai Y, Takayama M, Hirata T, Takayama M, Abe Y, Niimura H, Mimura M, Takebayashi T, Hirose N. Carotid atherosclerosis, cytomegalovirus infection, and cognitive decline in the very old: a community-based prospective cohort study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:29. [PMID: 26886582 PMCID: PMC5005896 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate various risk factors of cognitive decline in the very old, we studied 494 subjects over 85 years old without diagnosis of dementia at baseline from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health, an ongoing, community-based cohort in Japan. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and at 3-year follow-up using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Plasma samples were assayed for levels of cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and blood chemistry. Carotid artery plaques were measured using an ultrasonography. In the cross-sectional analyses using Tobit regression, individuals with high carotid artery plaque score (≥5.0) had MMSE scores that were 1.08 points lower compared to those with no plaque (95 % confidence interval (CI) -1.95 to -0.20; p = 0.016), adjusted for age, sex, and education. Individuals with CMV IgG titers in the highest quartile had MMSE scores that were 1.47 points lower compared to individuals in the lowest quartile (95 % CI -2.44 to -0.50; p = 0.003). CMV and carotid atherosclerosis showed evidence of an interaction, where the association between CMV and MMSE was present only in subjects with carotid artery plaque. In the longitudinal analyses using linear regression, carotid atherosclerosis, smoking, low grip strength, and poor activities of daily living (ADL) status were associated with faster cognitive decline, adjusted for age, sex, education, and baseline cognitive function. Our findings suggest that carotid atherosclerosis is consistently associated with low cognitive function in the very old and modifies the association between latent CMV infection and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Kawasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Midori Takayama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 252-8520, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidehito Niimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Arai Y, Martin-Ruiz CM, Takayama M, Abe Y, Takebayashi T, Koyasu S, Suematsu M, Hirose N, von Zglinicki T. Inflammation, But Not Telomere Length, Predicts Successful Ageing at Extreme Old Age: A Longitudinal Study of Semi-supercentenarians. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1549-58. [PMID: 26629551 PMCID: PMC4634197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the most important drivers of successful ageing at extreme old age, we combined community-based prospective cohorts: Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH), Tokyo Centenarians Study (TCS) and Japanese Semi-Supercentenarians Study (JSS) comprising 1554 individuals including 684 centenarians and (semi-)supercentenarians, 167 pairs of centenarian offspring and spouses, and 536 community-living very old (85 to 99 years). We combined z scores from multiple biomarkers to describe haematopoiesis, inflammation, lipid and glucose metabolism, liver function, renal function, and cellular senescence domains. In Cox proportional hazard models, inflammation predicted all-cause mortality with hazard ratios (95% CI) 1.89 (1.21 to 2.95) and 1.36 (1.05 to 1.78) in the very old and (semi-)supercentenarians, respectively. In linear forward stepwise models, inflammation predicted capability (10.8% variance explained) and cognition (8(.)6% variance explained) in (semi-)supercentenarians better than chronologic age or gender. The inflammation score was also lower in centenarian offspring compared to age-matched controls with Δ (95% CI) = - 0.795 (- 1.436 to - 0.154). Centenarians and their offspring were able to maintain long telomeres, but telomere length was not a predictor of successful ageing in centenarians and semi-supercentenarians. We conclude that inflammation is an important malleable driver of ageing up to extreme old age in humans.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase or alanine transaminase
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase or aspartate transaminase
- Ageing
- CD, cluster of differentiation
- CMV, cytomegalovirus
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Centenarian
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- GGTP, gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IQR, inter-quartile range
- Inflammation
- JSS, Japanese Semi-Supercentenarians Study
- LTL, leukocyte telomere length
- MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination
- NK cells, natural killer cells
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- SD, standard deviation
- TCS, Tokyo Centenarians Study
- TNF-alpha, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
- TOOTH, Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health
- Telomere
- eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumichi Arai
- Centre for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carmen M Martin-Ruiz
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Centre for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Koyasu
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Centre for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ; Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, and JST, ERATO, Suematsu Gas Biology Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Centre for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, UK
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Ansai JH, Aurichio TR, Gonçalves R, Rebelatto JR. Effects of two physical exercise protocols on physical performance related to falls in the oldest old: A randomized controlled trial. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 16:492-9. [PMID: 25868484 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of 16-week multicomponent and resistance training, and 6-week detraining on physical variables related to a higher risk of falls in very old people. METHODS A randomized, three-arm, controlled trial was carried out. A total of 69 community-dwelling older adults aged 80 years and older were allocated to three groups: control, multicomponent training and resistance training. They were assessed at baseline, after 16-week training and 6-week detraining. The control group did not perform any intervention. The multicomponent group performed protocol consisting of warm-up, aerobic, strength, balance and cool-down exercises. The resistance group underwent strength exercises using six adapted machines. The training sessions had progressive intensity, lasted 16 weeks and 12 included three 1-h sessions per week. The assessment consisted of anamneses, five-repetition sit-to-stand, one-leg standing, tandem and dual task tests. For statistical analysis, α = 0.05 was used. RESULTS There were no significant differences between groups and assessments in any variable when analyzed by intention to treat. However, when analyzed, the older adults who adhered to the training, the multicomponent group, had a significant improvement in the sit-to-stand and the one-leg standing (right support) tests. There was a significant main effect between times on the one-leg standing (left support) test. CONCLUSION In very old people, multicomponent training seems to be more beneficial and presents fewer adverse events when the adherence to protocol is higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Hotta Ansai
- Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Thais Rabiatt Aurichio
- Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Raquel Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - José Rubens Rebelatto
- Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Song P, Chen Y. Public policy response, aging in place, and big data platforms: Creating an effective collaborative system to cope with aging of the population. Biosci Trends 2015; 9:1-6. [DOI: 10.5582/bst.2015.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Song
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Iinuma T, Arai Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Fukumoto M, Fukui Y, Iwase T, Takebayashi T, Hirose N, Gionhaku N, Komiyama K. Denture wearing during sleep doubles the risk of pneumonia in the very elderly. J Dent Res 2014; 94:28S-36S. [PMID: 25294364 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514552493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor oral health and hygiene are increasingly recognized as major risk factors for pneumonia among the elderly. To identify modifiable oral health-related risk factors, we prospectively investigated associations between a constellation of oral health behaviors and incident pneumonia in the community-living very elderly (i.e., 85 years of age or older). At baseline, 524 randomly selected seniors (228 men and 296 women; mean age, 87.8 years) were examined for oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors as well as medical assessment, including blood chemistry analysis, and followed up annually until first hospitalization for or death from pneumonia. During a 3-year follow-up period, 48 events associated with pneumonia (20 deaths and 28 acute hospitalizations) were identified. Among 453 denture wearers, 186 (40.8%) who wore their dentures during sleep were at higher risk for pneumonia than those who removed their dentures at night (log rank P = 0.021). In a multivariate Cox model, both perceived swallowing difficulties and overnight denture wearing were independently associated with an approximately 2.3-fold higher risk of the incidence of pneumonia (for perceived swallowing difficulties, hazard ratio [HR], 2.31; and 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-4.82; and for denture wearing during sleep, HR, 2.38; and 95% CI, 1.25-4.56), which was comparable with the HR attributable to cognitive impairment (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.06-4.34), history of stroke (HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.13-5.35), and respiratory disease (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.20-4.23). In addition, those who wore dentures during sleep were more likely to have tongue and denture plaque, gum inflammation, positive culture for Candida albicans, and higher levels of circulating interleukin-6 as compared with their counterparts. This study provided empirical evidence that denture wearing during sleep is associated not only with oral inflammatory and microbial burden but also with incident pneumonia, suggesting potential implications of oral hygiene programs for pneumonia prevention in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Fukumoto
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Fukui
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Iwase
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Gionhaku
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Komiyama
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Inomata C, Ikebe K, Kagawa R, Okubo H, Sasaki S, Okada T, Takeshita H, Tada S, Matsuda KI, Kurushima Y, Kitamura M, Murakami S, Gondo Y, Kamide K, Masui Y, Takahashi R, Arai Y, Maeda Y. Significance of occlusal force for dietary fibre and vitamin intakes in independently living 70-year-old Japanese: from SONIC Study. J Dent 2014; 42:556-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Takayama M, Arai Y, Sasaki S, Hashimoto M, Shimizu K, Abe Y, Hirose N. Association of marine-origin n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids consumption and functional mobility in the community-dwelling oldest old. J Nutr Health Aging 2013; 17:82-9. [PMID: 23299385 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-012-0389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether habitual dietary intake of marine-origin n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (MOPUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are associated with functional mobility in the community-dwelling oldest old, 85 years or older, who are at high risk for physical disability. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING A community-based survey conducted at university research center or home-based. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred seventeen (189 men, 228 women) out of 542 participants in the baseline examination of the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health, a community-based ongoing longitudinal study among the oldest old living in the center of Japan. MEASUREMENTS Habitual dietary intake of MOPUFA was assessed by the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ), and functional mobility was assessed by the timed up and go test. Plasma inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) were measured. We evaluated the cross-sectional association between habitual intake of MOPUFA and functional mobility using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Prior to the analysis, validation of BDHQ in this study was confirmed among 190 participants (96 men, 94 women) based on the EPA and DHA concentrations in the erythrocyte membrane phospholipids as reference. RESULTS Moderate correlation between estimated dietary intake of EPA/DHA and concentration of EPA/DHA in the erythrocyte membrane phospholipids was obtained (Spearman's r=0.29-0.58, p<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a lower habitual intake of EPA+DHA was significantly associated with poor functional mobility in men but not in women (OR (95% CI) per 1 SD increase of EPA+DHA intake; 0.55 (0.33-0.91), 0.88 (0.59-1.32), men and women respectively). CONCLUSIONS Habitual intake of MOPUFA was associated with functional mobility in community-dwelling oldest old men.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takayama
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Iinuma T, Arai Y, Fukumoto M, Takayama M, Abe Y, Asakura K, Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T, Iwase T, Komiyama K, Gionhaku N, Hirose N. Maximum Occlusal Force and Physical Performance in the Oldest Old: The Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011; 60:68-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03780.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Geriatric Medicine
| | | | | | - Yukiko Abe
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Geriatric Medicine
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiwaki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Takashi Iwase
- Department of Pathology; Nihon University School of Dentistry; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Kazuo Komiyama
- Department of Pathology; Nihon University School of Dentistry; Tokyo; Japan
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Abstract
The IARU Congress on Aging, Longevity and Health, held on 5-7 October 2010 in Copenhagen, Denmark, was hosted by Rector Ralf Hemmingsen, University of Copenhagen and Dean Ulla Wewer, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and was organized by Center for Healthy Aging (CEHA) under the leadership of CEHA Managing Director Lene Juel Rasmussen and Prof. Vilhelm Bohr, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, USA (associated to CEHA). The Congress was attended by approximately 125 researchers interested in and/or conducting research on aging and aging-related topics. The opening Congress Session included speeches by Ralf Hemmingsen, Ulla Wewer, and Lene Juel Rasmussen and Keynote Addresses by four world renowned aging researchers: Povl Riis (The Age Forum), Bernard Jeune (University of Southern Denmark), George Martin (University of Washington, USA) and Jan Vijg (Albert Einstein School of Medicine, USA) as well as a lecture discussing the art-science interface by Thomas Söderqvist (Director, Medical Museion, University of Copenhagen). The topics of the first six Sessions of the Congress were: Neuroscience and DNA damage, Aging and Stress, Life Course, Environmental Factors and Neuroscience, Muscle and Life Span and Life Span and Mechanisms. Two additional Sessions highlighted ongoing research in the recently established Center for Healthy Aging at the University of Copenhagen. This report highlights outcomes of recent research on aging-related topics, as described at the IARU Congress on Aging, Longevity and Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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