1
|
Sinyavskaya Y, Eritsyan K, Antonova N, Sharin N. Don't say it's over: The perceived epidemic stage and COVID preventive behaviour. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:1150-1163. [PMID: 38288703 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231222338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic's dynamic and its effect on self-protective behaviour. Using survey data from 1343 university students we explored how the perceived temporal distance to the COVID pandemic peak associates with risk perception and the adherence of preventive behaviours. Results show that individuals differ in their perception of the pandemic stage despite being in the same environment. The belief that the COVID peak is in the past was associated with less perceived risk and decreased self-protection. A high COVID-19 media involvement and trust in the authorities were associated with higher perceived risk and preventive behaviour implementation. Overall, the perception that the pandemic wave is in its final stages could be an independent predictor of more risky behaviour. Thus, the communication of the pandemic dynamic should be provided by policy makers with caution to avoid the possibility of discounting the risk.
Collapse
|
2
|
Gou M, Li L, Wang X, Yuan P, Li S, Wei Y, Zhou G. Risk Perception and Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms in the Early Stage of COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Role of Negative Emotions and Family Sense of Coherence. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:1631-1640. [PMID: 38856799 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-024-03964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal depression is associated with adverse health outcomes for both mothers and their children. The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has presented new risks and challenges for expectant mothers. The aims of the study were to investigate the underlying mechanism between COVID-19 risk perception of Chinese pregnant women and their prenatal depressive symptoms and potential protective factors such as family sense of coherence (FSOC). METHOD A total of 181 Chinese pregnant women (Mage = 31.40 years, SD = 3.67, ranged from 23 to 43) participated in an online survey from April 22 to May 16, 2020. Risk perception and negative emotions (fear and anxiety) related with COVID-19, FSOC, and prenatal depressive symptoms were assessed. RESULTS The experience of maternal COVID-19 related negative emotion fully mediated the positive relationship between COVID-19 risk perception and prenatal depressive symptoms of pregnant women (β = 0.12, 95% CI [0.06, 0.19]). When confronting COVID-19 related fear and anxiety, expectant mothers from higher coherent families experienced a significantly lower level of prenatal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Contextual negative emotional experience was demonstrated to explain how risk perception impacts depressive symptoms during severe public health crisis for pregnant women. FSOC may be a psychological resource protecting pregnant women from experiencing adverse psychological outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Gou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luyao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Pengbo Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangyu Zhou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ranjbaran S, Chollou KM, Abedi-Nerbin S, Babazadeh T. Predictors of fear of COVID-19 in a low-income country: health literacy is important. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1394957. [PMID: 39144594 PMCID: PMC11322069 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1394957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Excessive fear of a threatening condition or situation can result in individuals engaging in unhealthy behaviors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying the influential factors of fear can be effective in designing and implementing health-center interventions to control and reduce the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study was a cross-sectional design implemented in Iran in 2022. Participants were adults 18-65 years of age recruited randomly from primary Health Care Services Centers (HCSCs) by medical records (n = 380, 64.7% female, mean (SD) age 32.14 ± 10.98 years) in urban and rural areas of the county. The data collection included a demographic form, Fear of COVID-19 questionnaire, Perceived Barriers of COVID-19 preventive behaviors, Self-efficacy, and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaire. Results It was determined that the fear of COVID-19 showed statistically significant differences according to gender (p-value = 0.013), education level (p-value = 0.001), and job status (p-value = 0.001). According to the hierarchical linear regression, educational level (p-value = 0.001; β = 0.665), job (β = 0.126; p-value = 0.018), self-efficacy (p-value = 0.015; β = 0.103), and Health Literacy (HL) (p-value = 0.001; β = 0.446) were significant predictors of fear of COVID-19. Also, among variables, educational level (p-value = 0.001; β = 0.665) and HL (p-value = 0.001; β = 0.446) were the most important predictors for fear of COVID-19. Discussion This research shows that HL has a potential and determinative role in controlling fear of COVID-19. The findings can help healthy policymakers and healthcare providers design HL-based programs in similar epidemics and pandemic situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Ranjbaran
- Department of Public Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | | | | | - Towhid Babazadeh
- Department of Public Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dalmau R, Alanazi AM, Arora M, Banerjee A, Bianco E, Gaalema DE, Goma FM, Hasegawa K, Komiyama M, Pérez Ríos M, Willett J, Wang Y. A Complex Interplay: Navigating the Crossroads of Tobacco Use, Cardiovascular Disease, and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A WHF Policy Brief. Glob Heart 2024; 19:55. [PMID: 38973985 PMCID: PMC11225561 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019, commonly referred to as COVID-19, is responsible for one of the deadliest pandemics in human history. The direct, indirect and lasting repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals and public health, as well as health systems can still be observed, even today. In the midst of the initial chaos, the role of tobacco as a prognostic factor for unfavourable COVID-19 outcomes was largely neglected. As of 2023, numerous studies have confirmed that use of tobacco, a leading risk factor for cardiovascular and other diseases, is strongly associated with increased risks of severe COVID-19 complications (e.g., hospitalisation, ICU admission, need for mechanical ventilation, long COVID, etc.) and deaths from COVID-19. In addition, evidence suggests that COVID-19 directly affects multiple organs beyond the respiratory system, disproportionately impacting individuals with comorbidities. Notably, people living with cardiovascular disease are more prone to experiencing worse outcomes, as COVID-19 often inherently manifests as thrombotic cardiovascular complications. As such, the triad of tobacco, COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease constitutes a dangerous cocktail. The lockdowns and social distancing measures imposed by governments have also had adverse effects on our lifestyles (e.g., shifts in diets, physical activity, tobacco consumption patterns, etc.) and mental well-being, all of which affect cardiovascular health. In particular, vulnerable populations are especially susceptible to tobacco use, cardiovascular disease and the psychological fallout from the pandemic. Therefore, national pandemic responses need to consider health equity as well as the social determinants of health. The pandemic has also had catastrophic impacts on many health systems, bringing some to the brink of collapse. As a result, many health services, such as services for cardiovascular disease or tobacco cessation, were severely disrupted due to fears of transmission and redirection of resources for COVID-19 care. Unfortunately, the return to pre-pandemic levels of cardiovascular disease care activity has stagnated. Nevertheless, digital solutions, such as telemedicine and apps, have flourished, and may help reduce the gaps. Advancing tobacco control was especially challenging due to interference from the tobacco industry. The industry exploited lingering uncertainties to propagate misleading information on tobacco and COVID-19 in order to promote its products. Regrettably, the links between tobacco use and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection remain inconclusive. However, a robust body of evidence has, since then, demonstrated that tobacco use is associated with more severe COVID-19 illness and complications. Additionally, the tobacco industry also repeatedly attempted to forge partnerships with governments under the guise of corporate social responsibility. The implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control could address many of the aforementioned challenges and alleviate the burden of tobacco, COVID-19, and cardiovascular disease. In particular, the implementation of Article 5.3 could protect public health policies from the vested interests of the industry. The world can learn from the COVID-19 pandemic to better prepare for future health emergencies of international concern. In light of the impact of tobacco on the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative that tobacco control remains a central component in pandemic preparedness and response plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdullah M. Alanazi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Koji Hasegawa
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan
| | - Maki Komiyama
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan
| | - Mónica Pérez Ríos
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Musbat S, Reuveni I, Magnezi R. Improvements in mental health associated with increased electronic communication and deterioration in physical health in adults aged 50+ during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1369707. [PMID: 38975353 PMCID: PMC11224488 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have documented changes in physical health, mental health and social parameters during COVID-19. At the same time, there are no comprehensive analyses of these parameters designed as longitudinal studies on large-scale older populations before and during the pandemic. Objective This longitudinal study aims to provide a quantitative analysis of the COVID-19 impact on the physical, mental, and social parameters in adults aged 50 and older before, in the early stages, and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The data for this study were collected from three waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), a supranational longitudinal database: pre-COVID (October 2019-March 2020), early-COVID (June-September 2020), and during-COVID (June-August 2021). The sample included 31,526 individuals, compared across the three-time points through nonparametric group comparison tests. Results Physical health was subjectively rated as poorer in the during-COVID wave compared to the pre-COVID wave. Additionally, the number of illnesses or health conditions reported in the during-COVID wave was significantly higher than in the pre-COVID wave, with the biggest increases registered for cardiovascular diseases. The results also show that employment and overall social contact decreased while loneliness increased over time. Unexpectedly, mental health issues, such as sadness or depression and trouble sleeping, decreased significantly in the COVID waves compared to the pre-COVID wave. The analysis of two additional pre-COVID waves (2015, 2017) revealed that poorer pre-COVID mental health reflected in high values of sadness or depression and trouble sleeping was not an isolated peak but represented a typical baseline. The positive influence on the individuals' mental health during COVID-19 was found to be electronic communication, which showed higher values than face-to-face communication and lowered the odds of sadness or depression. Conclusion Future policies should thus consider the positive impact of electronic contacts on mental health to promote overall health in adults aged 50 and older.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shay Musbat
- Department of Management, Health Systems Management Program, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Inbal Reuveni
- Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Racheli Magnezi
- Department of Management, Health Systems Management Program, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fan S, Zhao Y, Wang S, Zhang N, Li Z, Liu H, Wei Y, Yu Y, Gu Y, Wei Q, Ye W, Feng N, Liu F. Psychological Responses of Chinese Medical Students to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Empirical Research Qualitative. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2465-2476. [PMID: 38912162 PMCID: PMC11193996 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s456871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to explore the psychological reactions of medical students during the pandemic. Design A qualitative study. Methods A purposive sampling technique was employed, and a qualitative approach was adopted. Semi-structured questionnaires were utilized, and online interviews were conducted. Forty medical students were selected as participants for the interviews. The interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method. Results The study identified five themes related to the psychological reactions of medical students during the pandemic. Firstly, COVID-19's influence on medical careers was characterized by increased interest and determination in pursuing medical professions, heightened admiration for frontline workers, reinforced commitment to a medical career due to the pandemic, and recognition of the significance of medical education. Secondly, challenges and concerns in medical career pursuit were identified, including negative sentiments towards medical careers during COVID-19 and hesitations and concerns about entering the medical field amidst the pandemic. Thirdly, the impact on mental well-being encompassed diverse anxieties expressed by participants regarding control, transmission, treatment, and intentional spreading of the virus. Participants experienced an emotional progression from calmness to fear and anxiety, with heightened anxiety when relatives or acquaintances contracted COVID-19. Academic delays also contributed to anxiety among medical students. Fourthly, changes in behaviors and mindset were observed, including altered behaviors and mindset in response to the pandemic, as well as increased attention to personal hygiene and disease prevention measures. Lastly, expectations of medical students from government, public, and parents were explored. Conclusion Understanding the psychological reactions of medical students during public health emergencies is crucial for their well-being and professional development. The findings have implications for medical education and the development of strategies to enhance the psychological well-being of medical students during similar crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Fan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaodi Wei
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Wei
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijuan Ye
- Lishui Maternal and Child Health center, Lishui, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengping Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ye X, Zhang J, Liu H, Zheng X, Ye W, Fu W, Zhong Y, Wang Q, Lin Y, Huang C. Changes of college students' psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: A two-wave repeated survey. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241246620. [PMID: 38660775 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241246620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has posed unprecedented challenges to the mental health of college students worldwide. We examined the trends in students' stress levels during and after China's first wave of COVID-19 outbreaks by analyzing their demographics, behavior, mental health status, career confidence, and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) scores. Our findings indicate an increase in students' stress levels since the COVID-19 onset, with more students experiencing higher stress levels after the first outbreak than during it (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.79, 2.30). Several factors were identified as being associated with higher CPSS scores, including higher class levels, residence in rural or town areas, low family income, and lack of familiarity with COVID-19, among others. Our study highlighted the urgency of developing and implementing effective strategies to cope with students' stress during and after a global pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Ye
- Department of Sports Science, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Junmeng Zhang
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, USA
| | - Huanju Liu
- Women's Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xutong Zheng
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Wan Ye
- Department of Nursing, Xiamen Medical College, China
| | - Wenhai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, China
| | - Yanxia Zhong
- Department of Nursing, Shijiazhuang Medical College, China
| | - Qiansha Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China
| | - Yanni Lin
- Department of Nursing, The Second Hospital of Zhangzhou, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Sports Science, Zhejiang University, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Knauft KM, Hayatbini N, Wilensky SM, Kalia V. Rumination and Gender in the Relation Between Perceived Threat and State Anxiety During COVID-19. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241246491. [PMID: 38597094 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241246491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Perception of and subsequent responses to counter threats by disease, such as COVID-19, are essential for engagement in self-protective behaviors. But, associated increases in anxiety that accompany the threat of disease may negatively impact well-being. Therefore, identifying variables that may modulate the association between perceived threat from COVID-19 and anxiety is important. We conducted a study to examine the moderating roles of two subtypes of rumination (brooding and reflection) in the association between perceived threat from COVID-19 and state anxiety. Additionally, as both COVID-19 outcomes and the tendency to ruminate differ across genders, we explored gender as a second moderator. METHODS Participants (N = 300; Men = 144) were recruited online in April 2020 and completed measures of state anxiety, brooding and reflective rumination, and perceived threat from COVID-19. RESULTS Moderation regression analyses revealed that perceived threat and brooding were independently associated with increased state anxiety. Reflective rumination and gender, however, significantly moderated the relation between perceived threat and state anxiety. For men, reflective rumination strengthened the association between threat and anxiety. For women, reflective rumination weakened this association; women with the highest scores in reflective rumination also reported high state anxiety at low, medium, and high perceived threat levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings illuminate gender differences in the relations between perceived threat, rumination, and experienced state anxiety during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Niki Hayatbini
- Psychology Department, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | | | - Vrinda Kalia
- Psychology Department, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elbejjani M, Mansour S, Hammoud RA, Ziade C, Assi B, Assi A, El Sayed S, El Hachem R, Kerbage H. Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and first lockdown in Lebanon: Risk factors and daily life difficulties in a multiple-crises setting. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297670. [PMID: 38363748 PMCID: PMC10871500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research from around the world shows important differences in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on mental health. This study examined the extent of mental health challenges (depressive and anxiety symptoms and daily life difficulties) and their associations with pandemic- and response-related factors during the first lockdown in Lebanon, which happened amid a severe economic crisis and socio-political turmoil. METHODS Data come from a cross-sectional internet-based survey (May-June 2020). Association of depressive (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)) and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)) with outbreak-related worries and knowledge, information sources, and confidence and satisfaction in response measures were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and socioeconomic indicators. RESULTS Among 510 participants (mean age 36.1±11.3; 69.4% women), 32.3% had elevated depressive and 27.3% had elevated anxiety symptoms; younger age, unemployment, loss of employment, and lower income were related to more mental health symptoms. Most prevalent daily life challenges were feelings of uncertainty (74.5%) and financial (52.2%) and emotional (42.2%) difficulties; these and all other daily life difficulties (work-related, caregiving, and online learning) were significantly higher among participants with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms. Higher outbreak-related worries were associated with higher depressive (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.20,1.53) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.30,1.67). Higher pandemic-related knowledge, reliance on and trust in local health agencies and professionals' information, and satisfaction and confidence regarding governmental and health institutions' response were all related to lower mental health symptoms. CONCLUSION Results show that mental health burden in Lebanon during the first lockdown (when the COVID-19 outbreak was still minimal) is among the highest reported worldwide and highlight elevated emotional and financial tolls and widespread impact on daily life. In this high-burden and multiple-challenges context, results suggest an important role for the healthcare body, knowledge, and trust in the institutions managing the response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Elbejjani
- Clinical Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara Mansour
- Clinical Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rawan A. Hammoud
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Catrina Ziade
- Clinical Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Batoul Assi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Assi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samya El Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rita El Hachem
- Clinical Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Kerbage
- Saint-Eloi University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U 1018 Developmental Psychiatry, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hoca M, Elmas C, Kabaran S. Do nutritional habits and supplement use affect health-related quality of life during social isolation period in the community of North Cyprus? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:851-863. [PMID: 36762924 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2177624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of study was to comprehensively investigate the effect of nutritional habits and supplement use on health-related quality of life during social isolation period. This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 418 participants (73.4% were women and 26.6% were men) participated in this study. Participants' demographic information, nutritional habits, and quality of life were questioned, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. A significant difference was found in the main meal skipping status of individuals by age group. The consumption of milk, yoghurt, ayran, legumes, cereal products other than bread, vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, and snack foods was similar in both periods. Furthermore, frequencies of multivitamins, multiminerals, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, iron, calcium, omega-3, and probiotics were similar during and before the pandemic. A significant difference was found in scores obtained on the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) by age group. There was a significant difference in the quality of life scores by body mass index (BMI) groups. It was concluded that quality of life decreased due to the increase in body weight during pandemic period. The social isolation period did not make a clear difference in the nutritional habits of individuals and the use of nutritional supplements. When the main meal skipping situations were evaluated within the scope of nutritional habits, those who did not skip their main meal received the highest score on the QOLS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Hoca
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Turkey
| | - Cemre Elmas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Seray Kabaran
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Origlio J, Stough CO. Locus of control and pre-pandemic depressive symptoms relate to psychological adjustment of college students to the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:522-529. [PMID: 35271418 PMCID: PMC9463409 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2047699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study examines the relationships between change in depressive symptoms and locus of control orientations among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants: A sample of 341 undergraduate students were recruited from a large Midwestern United States university.Methods: Participants completed an online cross-sectional survey with self-report measures of current depressive symptoms, retrospective pre-pandemic depressive symptoms, and locus of control.Results: Depressive symptoms changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (t(340) = 7.49, p < 0.01). Pre-pandemic depressive symptoms predicted symptom change with the greatest changes among students who had fewer pre-pandemic symptoms (b = -0.58, p < 0.01) and higher external locus of control orientation (b = 0.24, p < 0.01).Conclusions: An increased presence of mental health resources is needed on college campuses and external locus of control should be targeted through clinical intervention as a risk factor for adverse depressive responses to stressors among college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Origlio
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Iosifyan M, Arina G. Perceived value threats are related to fear of health impairments. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 164:92-111. [PMID: 34697996 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2021.1979453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Health impairments are problems in the body and mental functioning, which can be a result of a disease or side effects of treatment. Fear of health impairments plays an important role in decision-making and behavior. People might fear health impairments because of their beliefs about their dangerousness, but also because these impairments threaten important values. However, while the role of cognitive appraisal in the fear of health impairments is investigated, the role of motivation is less clear. To fill this gap, this study analyzed the role of values as motivational constructs in the fear of cognitive, motor, and sensory impairments, as well as impairments of reproductive functions and disfiguring impairments. Participants evaluated these health impairments as frightening or not. They also evaluated how these health impairments may threaten values and reported their value priorities. Health impairments are believed to threaten personally focused values (openness to change and self-enhancement) more than socially focused values (conservation and self-transcendence). Threats to personally focused values are related to higher fear of health impairments.
Collapse
|
13
|
de Oliveira LC, Ponciano A, Kashani N, Guarda SNF, Hill MD, Smith EE, Stang JM, Viswanathan A, Turner AC, Ganesh A. Stroke metrics during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, a tale of two comprehensive stroke centers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17171. [PMID: 37821520 PMCID: PMC10567785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a decrease in stroke admissions during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been observed, detailed analyses of the evolution of stroke metrics during the pandemic are lacking. We analyzed changes in stroke presentation, in-hospital systems-of-care, and treatment time metrics at two representative Comprehensive Stroke Centers (CSCs) during the first year of Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. From January 2018 to May 2021, data from stroke presentations to two CSCs were obtained. The study duration was split into: period 0 (prepandemic), period 1 (Wave 1), period 2 (Lull), and period 3 (Wave 2). Acute stroke therapies rates and workflow times were compared among pandemic and prepandemic periods. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, and pre-morbid care needs. There was a significant decrease in monthly hospital presentations of stroke during Wave 1. Both centers reported declines in reperfusion therapies during Wave 1, slowly catching up but never to pre pandemic numbers, and dropping again in Wave 2. Both CSCs experienced in-hospital workflow delays during Waves 1 and 2, and even during the Lull period. Our results highlight the need for proactive strategies to reduce barriers to workflow and hospital avoidance for stroke patients during crisis periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Carvalho de Oliveira
- Department of Neurology, J Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Suite 300, 175 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Ana Ponciano
- Department of Neurology, J Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nima Kashani
- Saskatchewan Stroke Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Suzete N F Guarda
- Department of Neurology, J Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael D Hill
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eric E Smith
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jillian M Stang
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anand Viswanathan
- Department of Neurology, J Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashby C Turner
- Department of Neurology, J Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aravind Ganesh
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wasim A, Truong J, Bakshi S, Majid U. A systematic review of fear, stigma, and mental health outcomes of pandemics. J Ment Health 2023; 32:920-934. [PMID: 35791727 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2091754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of people globally. Despite substantial research on the short-term psychological impact of COVID-19, its long-term consequences on mental health remain relatively unexplored. AIMS We aimed to examine mental health literature on prior outbreaks to provide recommendations for developing effective strategies to mitigate the short- and long-term psychological impact of the current pandemic. METHODS We conducted a narrative review of 41 studies to analyze the adverse impact of the following epidemics and pandemics on the mental health of individuals, groups, and communities: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Influenza A/H1N1, and Ebola Virus Disease. RESULTS We noted that these past epidemics and pandemics escalated stress, distress, anxiety, fear, and stigma that persisted in countries and communities. We also identified the role of misinformation in propagating discrimination and prejudice towards certain groups. CONCLUSIONS We discuss how the mental health outcomes of previous pandemics differed from the COVID-19 outbreak. We believe that strategies that reduce misinformation, educational initiatives, and mental health programs when introduced at the individual and community level have the potential to effectively diminish the negative psychological impact of COVID-19. PRISMA This study followed the PRISMA guidance and was not registered in PROSPERO. This is a narrative review that used qualitative thematic analysis. Publishing a protocol on a protocol repository for such reviews is not the standard of practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aghna Wasim
- BSc Undergraduate Psychology Program, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Truong
- Research & Development, MaRS Discovery District, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simran Bakshi
- BSc Undergraduate Science Program, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Umair Majid
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mergenova G, Rosenthal SL, Myrkassymova A, Bukharbayeva A, Iskakova B, Izekenova A, Izekenova A, Alekesheva L, Yerdenova M, Karibayev K, Zhussupov B, Alimbekova G, Davis A. The COVID-19 pandemic and mental health in Kazakhstan. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e52. [PMID: 37854418 PMCID: PMC10579662 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had significant impacts on mental health. We examined factors associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan. We surveyed 991 adults in Kazakhstan in July 2021 using multistage stratified sampling. Depression and anxiety were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. We conducted logistic regression to assess associations between depression and anxiety and sociobehavioral factors. Overall, 12.01% reported depressive symptoms and 8.38% anxiety. Higher likelihood of depression was associated with being female (AOR: 1.64; 95% CI [1.05, 2.55]), having experience with COVID-19 in the social environment (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI [1.1-3.14]), experiencing food insecurity (AOR: 1.80; 95% CI [1.11-2.89]), increased family conflict (AOR: 2.43; 95% CI [1.32-4.48]) and impaired healthcare access (AOR: 2.41; 95% CI [1.32-4.41]). Higher likelihood of anxiety was associated with being female (AOR: 3.43; 95% CI [1.91-6.15]), increased family conflict (AOR: 2.22; 95% CI [1.11-4.44]) and impaired healthcare access (AOR: 2.63; 95% CI [1.36-5.12]). Multiple factors were associated with mental health in Kazakhstan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to determine the extent to which these factors and their associated mental health outcomes may persist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaukhar Mergenova
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Susan L. Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Balnur Iskakova
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Assel Izekenova
- Kenzhegali Sagadiyev University of International Business, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Maral Yerdenova
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | - Alissa Davis
- Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arita S, Ba MF, Traoré Z, Bonnet E, Faye A, Ridde V. Use of interviewer-administered telephone surveys during infectious disease outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics: a scoping review. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:bmjgh-2022-011109. [PMID: 37137536 PMCID: PMC10163463 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-011109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 crisis, researchers had to collect data remotely. Telephone surveys and interviews can quickly gather data from a distance without heavy expense. Although interviewer-administered telephone surveys (IATS) can accommodate the needs of international public health research, the literature on their use during infectious disease outbreaks is scarce. This scoping review aimed to map the characteristics of IATS during infectious disease outbreaks. METHODS IATS conducted principally during infectious disease outbreaks and answered by informants at least 18 years old were searched from PubMed and EBSCO. There was a manual addition of relevant documents identified during an initial search. Overall trends were reported using different groupings, including WHO regions, and study details were compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS 70 IATS published between 2003 and 2022 were identified. 57.1% were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among 30 IATS conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic in the world, only 3.3% were carried out in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This percentage of studies in LMICs out of all the IATS rose to 32.5% during the pandemic. The share of qualitative studies grew from 6.7% before the COVID-19 outbreak to 32.5% during the outbreak. IATS performed during the COVID-19 pandemic focused on more diverse, specific population groups, such as patients and healthcare professionals. Mobile phones are increasingly used for IATS over time. CONCLUSION IATS are used globally with high frequency in the Western Pacific Region and high-income countries. Technical and financial challenges continue to exist, and assessments of inclusiveness and representativeness should be carefully conducted. A lack of details related to methods was observed, and this scoping review urges researchers using this data collection method in the future to specify how they executed IATS for better use and more efficient deployment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Arita
- École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Mouhamadou Faly Ba
- Institut de Santé et Développement, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | - Emmanuel Bonnet
- UMR 215 PRODIG, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Adama Faye
- Institut de Santé et Développement, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Valéry Ridde
- Institut de Santé et Développement, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
- UMR 196 CEPED, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kemal A, Assfa K, Zeleke B, Jemal M, Jemal M, Kedir S, Zewdie A, Dessu S, Yassin F, Habtie A. Response to COVID-19 recommended preventive behavioral messages among Guraghe zone communities, South Ethiopia: using constructs of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:181. [PMID: 36978005 PMCID: PMC10043852 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 is a pandemic disease. Countries should take standard measures and responses to battle the effects of the viruses. However, little is known in Ethiopia regarding the recommended preventive behavioral messages responses. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the response to COVID-19 recommended preventive behavioral messages. METHODS Community-based cross-sectional study design was carried out from 1 to 20, July 2020. We recruited 634 respondents by using a systematic sampling method. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences version 23. Association between variables were explored using a bivariable and multi variable logistic regression model. The strength of the association is presented using odds ratio and regression coefficient with 95% confidence interval. A p-value of less than 0.05 was declared statistically significant. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-six (53.1%) of respondents had good response to recommended preventive behavioral messages. The general precise rate of the knowledge questionnaire was 92.21%. The study showed that merchant was 1.86 (p ≈ 0.01) times more likely respond to COVID-19 recommended preventive behavioral messages than government-employed. Respondents who scored one unit increase for self-efficacy and response-efficacy, the odds of responding to COVID-19 recommended preventive behavioral messages were increased by 1.22 (p < 0.001), and 1.05 times (p = 0.002) respectively. Respondents who scored one unit increase to cues to action, the odds of responding to COVID-19 recommended preventive behavioral messages were 43% (p < 0.001) less likely. CONCLUSION Even though respondents were highly knowledgeable about COVID-19, there is a lower level of applying response to recommended preventive behavioral messages. Merchant, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and cues to action were significantly associated with response to recommended preventive behavioral messages. Like merchants, government employer should be applying preventive behavioral messages and also, participants' self and response efficacy should be strengthened to improve the response. In addition, we should be changed or modified the way how-to deliver relevant information, promoting awareness, and also using appropriate reminder systems to preventive behavioral messages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdurezak Kemal
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
| | - Kenzudin Assfa
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Bisrat Zeleke
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Jemal
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Musa Jemal
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia
| | - Shemsu Kedir
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Zewdie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Dessu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Fedila Yassin
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Habtie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mahendran A, Fahnhorst S, Alexander C, Brown N, Cnota JF, Divanovic A, Heydarian H, Hirsch R, Opotowsky AR, Palermo JJ, Szugye C, Lubert AM. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with Fontan circulation: Focus on gaps in care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 2023; 11:100439. [PMID: 36643287 PMCID: PMC9831967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcchd.2023.100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gaps in subspecialty cardiology care could potentially delay identification and care for multi-organ complications common in patients with Fontan circulation. This study analyzed the frequency of gaps in care for individuals with Fontan circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated demographic and clinical factors. Methods This retrospective study evaluated individuals with Fontan circulation followed at our center since 2010. A gap in care was defined as an absence of any formal cardiology provider-patient contact (clinic visit or telehealth) for >15 months. Results Over a third of 308 patients with Fontan circulation experienced at least one gap in care between 2010 and 2022, and 77 experienced a gap in care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of this latter group, 27 (35%) had never experienced a prior gap in cardiology care until the pandemic. Those who experienced gaps in care during the pandemic were on average older (18.0 [IQR 9.6-25.6] vs. 14.2 [7.2-21.2] years, p = 0.01), more likely to be of Black/African American race (23.4% vs 7.4%, p = 0.001), and less likely to have a diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy or plastic bronchitis (0% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.005). Those without a gap in care during the pandemic were more likely to have utilized telehealth visits (13% vs 3%, p = 0.02). Conclusion Gaps in care are common and appear to have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic in those with a Fontan circulation. Such gaps are particularly common among African American and adult patients, and may potentially be mitigated by expanding telehealth access.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Mahendran
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Fahnhorst
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Center, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Craig Alexander
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Brown
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James F Cnota
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Allison Divanovic
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Haleh Heydarian
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Russel Hirsch
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alexander R Opotowsky
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph J Palermo
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cassandra Szugye
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adam M Lubert
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Varer Akpinar C, Mandiracioglu A, Ozvurmaz S, Kurt F, Koc N. Cyberchondria and COVID-19 anxiety and internet addiction among nursing students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:2406-2414. [PMID: 36468163 PMCID: PMC9702735 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between cyberchondria and COVID-19 anxiety and internet addiction in nursing students. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 843 students studying in the nursing department of Adnan Menderes University. The mean age of the students was 20.8 ± 1.72 years and 61.2% were female. The Cyberchondria Severity Scale-Short Form, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Young Internet Addiction Test-Short Form were used to collect data. The study found a positive association between internet addiction, cyberchondria severity, and anxiety about COVID-19. It was found that the anxiety of COVID-19 had a mediating role in the association between internet addiction and cyberchondria severity. It was found that the use of the internet as a source of information on health problems and trusting the health information found had a significant effect on high cyberchondria levels (p < 0.05). Taken together, the findings of previous studies and this study on the role of the association between internet addiction and cyberchondria exacerbating anxiety due to the pandemic provide further evidence for healthcare professionals that greater focus is needed on the problems of the new era related to people-internet interaction. To reduce the negative effects of the current health crisis and future health crises, interventions for nursing students to control their internet use and cyberchondria behaviors should be prioritized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Varer Akpinar
- grid.411709.a0000 0004 0399 3319Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, 28000 Turkey
| | - Aliye Mandiracioglu
- grid.8302.90000 0001 1092 2592Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Safiye Ozvurmaz
- grid.34517.340000 0004 0595 4313Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kurt
- grid.34517.340000 0004 0595 4313Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Nazife Koc
- Home Patient Care Services, Istanbul Rumeli University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jin Y, Zeng Q, Cong X, An J, Zheng P. Impact of death anxiety on mental health during COVID-19: The mediating role of the meaning in life. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/18344909231165187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to explore whether COVID-19 aroused an awareness of death, inflamed death anxiety, and affected mental health and to assess the degree that meaning in life played in the relationship between death anxiety and general mental health. A total of 197 participants were recruited using convenience sampling and were divided into an experimental group ( n = 100) and a control group ( n = 97). All participants completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DA), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Death anxiety had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health and meaning in life. When death anxiety and meaning in life were included in the regression equation, death anxiety still had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health, and meaning in life had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health. These results indicated that meaning in life played a partially mediating role in the influence of death anxiety on general mental health. In the COVID-19 context, death information was found to arouse awareness of death and death anxiety, which adversely affected mental health, and it was also confirmed that meaning in life played a partially mediating role between death anxiety and general mental health, which suggested that mental health problems could be alleviated in the future by helping people find meaning and value in their lives and cope more positively with death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Jin
- College of Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Zeng
- College of Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianglong Cong
- College of Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junxiu An
- College of Software Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Peixuan Zheng
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yam FC, Korkmaz O, Griffiths MD. The association between fear of Covid-19 and smartphone addiction among individuals: the mediating and moderating role of cyberchondria severity. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:2377-2390. [PMID: 34690474 PMCID: PMC8527295 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has quickly spread all over the world and has contributed to psychological consequences including fear of the virus. Depending upon the severity of their problems, individuals often search the internet via their mobile devices to understand whether the symptoms they perceive are symptoms of the disease. This condition has been termed 'cyberchondria'. In this context, the aim of this study is examine the mediating and moderating role of cyberchondria severity in the association between smartphone addiction and the fear of COVID-19. The sample comprised 520 participants (335 females [64.4%], 185 males [35.6%] aged 17 to 65 years [Mean = 28.61 years, SD = 10.60]). A survey included the Cyberchondria Severity Scale Short-Form, The Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, and The Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Structural equation modeling and SPSS Process Macro moderator variable analysis were used to test the research model. The study found a positive association between smartphone addiction, fear of COVID-19, and cyberchondria severity. Cyberchondria severity had both moderating and mediating role in the association between smartphone addiction and the fear of COVID-19. In conclusion, it has been determined that during the COVID-19 pandemic, cyberchondria severity has negative effects on individuals' fear of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Caner Yam
- Justice Vocational School, Gazisomanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ozan Korkmaz
- Faculty of Education, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abdelsattar NK, Alrawi AG, Abdelraoof MI, Zaazouee MS, Elsayed SM, Farhat AM, El-Shafea MA, Abdeltawab AK, Ali MS, Madeeh AK, Assar A, Mohammed MH, Abdullah EA, Ragab KM, Abd-ElGawad M, Elsherif M, Rahim IAE, Ebada MA. Prevalence of negative mental health status during COVID-19 pandemic among general population of seven Arab countries: A cross-sectional study of 28843 participants. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:90-102. [PMID: 36874525 PMCID: PMC9983458 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_202_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies documented a narrow scope of knowledge about the negative mental health status during the lockdown following the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Arab countries. AIM We aimed to assess the association between negative mental health status and the COVID-19 pandemic and determine the different factors affecting mental health among the general population of seven Arab countries. METHODS This study is a multinational cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey conducted online from June 11, 2020 to June 25, 2020. The depression, anxiety, and stress Scale 21 Items (DASS-21) and the Event scale-Revised Arabic version (IES-R-13) scales were used. Multiple linear regressions were performed to study the association between the scales' total scores with COVID-19 and demographic characteristics. RESULTS A total of 28,843 participants from seven Arab countries were included. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of mental health disorders has significantly increased. A total of 19006 participants (66%) were affected by variable degrees of depression, 13,688 (47%) had anxiety, and 14,374 (50%) had stress ranging from mild to severe. Higher levels were associated with other factors, such as lower age, female gender, chronic disease, unemployed, fear of getting infected, and a history of psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSION Our study findings show an increased incidence of mental disorders during the pandemic. This is expected to play a crucial role in guiding a psychological support strategy provided by healthcare systems to the general public during pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nada K Abdelsattar
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aya Ghiath Alrawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Giza, 6 of October City, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Abdelraoof
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed S Zaazouee
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Makram Elsayed
- Faculty of Medicine, 6 October University, Giza, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdullah M Farhat
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Abd El-Shafea
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed K Abdeltawab
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Menna S Ali
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alyaa K Madeeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed Assar
- Faculty of Medicine, Menofia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menofia, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Manar H Mohammed
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eman A Abdullah
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khaled M Ragab
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Abd-ElGawad
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,International Medical Research Association (ImedRA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Elsherif
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Inas Abd El Rahim
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology MUST, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ebada
- Resident Physician, Egyptian Fellowship of Neurology, Nasr City Hospital for Health Insurance, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mori T, Nagata T, Ikegami K, Hino A, Tateishi S, Tsuji M, Matsuda S, Fujino Y, Mori K, Ando H, Eguchi H, Muramatsu K, Mafune K, Okawara M, Kuwamura M, Matsugaki R, Ishimaru T, Igarashi Y. Effect of COVID-19 infection related experiences on social behaviors when a state of emergency is declared: a cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2445. [PMID: 36577963 PMCID: PMC9795144 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restricting the movement of the public to gathering places and limiting close physical contact are effective measures against COVID-19 infection. In Japan, states of emergency have been declared in specific prefectures to reduce public movement and control COVID-19 transmission. We investigated how COVID-19 infection related experiences including people with a history of infection, people with a history of close contact, and people whose acquaintances have been infected, affected self-restraint from social behaviors during the second state of emergency in Japan. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted among workers aged 20-65 years using data from an internet survey. The baseline survey was conducted on December 22-25, 2020, and a follow-up survey was on February 18-19, 2021. There were 19,051 participants who completed both surveys and were included in the final analysis. We identified eight social behaviors: (1) eating out (4 people or fewer); (2) eating out (5 people or more); (3) gathering with friends and colleagues; (4) day trip; (5) overnight trip (excluding visiting home); (6) visiting home; (7) shopping for daily necessities; and (8) shopping for other than daily necessities. We set self-restraint regarding each social behavior after the second state of emergency was declared in January 2021 as the dependent variable, and COVID-19 infection related experiences as independent variables. Odds ratios were estimated using multilevel logistic regression analyses nested in the prefecture of residence. RESULTS Significant differences by COVID-19 infection related experiences were identified: compared to people without COVID-19 related experiences, people with a history of COVID-19 were less likely self-restraint from most social behaviors. People whose acquaintance had been diagnosed with COVID-19 were significantly more likely to refrain from most social behaviors. There was no significant difference in any social behaviors for people with a history of close contact only. CONCLUSION To maximize the effect of a state of emergency, health authorities should disseminate information for each person in the target population, taking into account potential differences related to the infection related experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Mori
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagata
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikegami
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Ayako Hino
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu , Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Seiichiro Tateishi
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Disaster Occupational Health Center, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu , Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Koji Mori
- grid.271052.30000 0004 0374 5913Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Göldel JM, Kamrath C, Minden K, Wiegand S, Lanzinger S, Sengler C, Weihrauch-Blüher S, Holl RW, Tittel SR, Warschburger P. Access to Healthcare for Children and Adolescents with a Chronic Health Condition during the COVID-19 Pandemic: First Results from the KICK-COVID Study in Germany. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010010. [PMID: 36670561 PMCID: PMC9856628 DOI: 10.3390/children10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the access to healthcare for children and adolescents with three common chronic diseases (type-1 diabetes (T1D), obesity, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)) within the 4th (Delta), 5th (Omicron), and beginning of the 6th (Omicron) wave (June 2021 until July 2022) of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany in a cross-sectional study using three national patient registries. A paper-and-pencil questionnaire was given to parents of pediatric patients (<21 years) during the routine check-ups. The questionnaire contains self-constructed items assessing the frequency of healthcare appointments and cancellations, remote healthcare, and satisfaction with healthcare. In total, 905 parents participated in the T1D-sample, 175 in the obesity-sample, and 786 in the JIA-sample. In general, satisfaction with healthcare (scale: 0−10; 10 reflecting the highest satisfaction) was quite high (median values: T1D 10, JIA 10, obesity 8.5). The proportion of children and adolescents with canceled appointments was relatively small (T1D 14.1%, JIA 11.1%, obesity 20%), with a median of 1 missed appointment, respectively. Only a few parents (T1D 8.6%; obesity 13.1%; JIA 5%) reported obstacles regarding health services during the pandemic. To conclude, it seems that access to healthcare was largely preserved for children and adolescents with chronic health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M. Göldel
- Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Clemens Kamrath
- Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Minden
- Program Area Epidemiology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- SPZ-Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lanzinger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Sengler
- Program Area Epidemiology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susann Weihrauch-Blüher
- Department of Pediatrics I, Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Reinhard W. Holl
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sascha R. Tittel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Petra Warschburger
- Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-331-977-2988
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jung H, Che X, Park HJ. COVID-19 and Unmet Medical Needs for People With Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221133002. [PMID: 36282084 PMCID: PMC9608053 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221133002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Gaps between medical needs and health services accessibility are defined as unmet medical needs (UMN). Previous studies assessing UMNs during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic did not account for factors such as the type of medical insurance or chronic disease. Therefore, this study investigated various factors, including medical insurance and chronic diseases, affecting self-reported UMN during the pandemic in Daejeon Metropolitan City, South Korea. This cross-sectional study was conducted using Daejeon Metropolitan City Health Surveys data from 2020. The weighted prevalence of UMN was estimated among participants (n = 1494) aged ≥18 years, while chi-squared and logistic models were used to assess the association between UMN and participant characteristics. The prevalence of UMN was 6.4% (n = 97). Female sex and low education levels were significantly associated with reporting UMN. Medical aid beneficiaries were less likely to report UMN than adults with National Health Programs coverage. Participants with chronic diseases, such as hypertension and arthritis, and those with depression, were more likely to report UMN than adults without these conditions. The findings highlight the need for targeted efforts to decrease UMN in the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for women and individuals with low education levels. The results also indicate that high-risk disease groups should be targeted with additional enabling services to support the management of chronic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HyunWoo Jung
- Department of Health Administration, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Xianhua Che
- Daejeon Metropolitan City Public Health Policy Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Park
- Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Republic of Korea,Hee-Jung Park, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, 346 Hwangjo-gil, Dogye-up, Samcheok-si, Samcheok 25913, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li W, Chen G, Wu L, Zeng Y, Wei J, Liu Y. Travel intention during the COVID-19 epidemic: The influence of institutional and interpersonal trust. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1015900. [PMID: 36312153 PMCID: PMC9597456 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1015900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic, COVID-19, has dealt a heavy blow to the tourism industry. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms influencing travel intention in the post-epidemic era can help provide management insights for the recovery of the travel market. Relying on the logic of social cognition theory, we conducted an empirical analysis from the perspective of trust and found that institutional trust and interpersonal trust can positively predict travel intention in the context of the epidemic, while travelers’ health risk perception and safety self-efficacy mediate the relationship between trust and travel intention. Moreover, we verified the moderating role of tourists’ psychological resilience. Further, the study confirms that China’s active prevention policy not only reduces the physical health harm caused by the epidemic, but also effectively increases individuals’ institutional trust in a proactive government. Through China’s active anti-epidemic policy, individuals were able to counteract the negative impact of the COVID 19 epidemic on their travel intention. Further, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Li
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui, China
| | - Lunwen Wu
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Lunwen Wu,
| | - Yanling Zeng
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Business Administration, Sichuan Vocational College of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cho E, Lee D, Cho IK, Lee J, Ahn J, Bang YR. Insomnia Mediate the Influence of Reassurance-Seeking Behavior and Viral Anxiety on Preoccupation With COVID-19 Among the General Population. SLEEP MEDICINE RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.17241/smr.2022.01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective We explored in this study whether insomnia, viral anxiety, reassurance- seeking behavior, and preoccupation with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are related among the general population. As well, we explored the possibility that insomnia may mediate the association between COVID-19 viral anxiety and preoccupation.Methods During November 9–15, 2021, 400 participants voluntarily completed this survey, and participants’ age, sex, living location, and marital status were collected. Responses to questions about COVID-19 were also gathered, and their symptoms were rated using the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS), Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale (CRBS), Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI).Results Preoccupation with COVID-19 was predicted by young age (β = -0.08, p = 0.012), CRBS (β = 0.52, p < 0.001), FCV-19S (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), and ISI (β = 0.07, p = 0.029) (adjusted R2 = 0.62, F = 163.6, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that insomnia partially mediates the influence of reassurance seeking behavior and viral anxiety on preoccupation with COVID-19.Conclusions Sleep disturbances can contribute to a vicious cycle of hypochondriacal preoccupation with COVID-19. In order to reduce an individual’s viral anxiety, insomnia symptoms must be addressed.
Collapse
|
28
|
Amo C, Almansour N, Harvey IS. Physical Activity and Mental Health Declined during the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11230. [PMID: 36141502 PMCID: PMC9517396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Mental health (MH) and physical activity (PA) share a bi-directional relationship, but most studies report MH as the outcome. With diminishing pandemic-related MH, this review examines the impact of diminished MH on PA. (2) Methods: This narrative literature review included 19 empirical studies published since the COVID-19 pandemic. Electronic databases such as MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched for English language articles in peer-reviewed journals using equivalent index terms: "anxiety", "depression", "stress", "mental health", "exercise", "activity", "COVID-19", "coronavirus", and "2019 pandemic". The search reviewed 187 articles with double-rater reliability using Covidence. A total of 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. (3) Results: MH themes that impacted PA were depression and/or anxiety (n = 17), one of which identified inadequate coping and excessive pandemic stress (n = 2). In addition, women are more likely to suffer diminished MH and reduced PA throughout the pandemic. (4) Conclusion: Current research suggests that individuals with pre-pandemic MH episodes are correlated with more effective coping skills and fewer adverse effects from COVID-19 than expected. As we emerge from this pandemic, equipping all individuals, especially women, with positive coping strategies may accelerate a seamless return to PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Amo
- Department of Education, Health, & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Najla Almansour
- Department of Education, Health, & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Idethia S. Harvey
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, 313 Clark Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Arnetz BB, Goetz C, vanSchagen J, Baer W, Smith S, Arnetz JE. Patient-reported factors associated with avoidance of in-person care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a national survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272609. [PMID: 35930581 PMCID: PMC9355185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There has been a substantial decline in in-person care in inpatient and outpatient settings during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Avoidance of needed in-person care may contribute to an avoidable decline in patient health and an increase in mortality. While several systems and behavioral theories have been put forward to explain the decline, there is a lack of studies informed by patients’ own experiences. The current study applied a socio-ecological model encompassing patient, environmental, and institutional-related variables to examine patient-reported factors associated with avoidance of in-person care. Methods Between October and December 2020, a total of 3840 persons responded to a nationwide online questionnaire that was administered using ResearchMatch and Facebook. Self-reported avoidance of in-person care among those who needed it was the main outcome. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with avoidance of needed care. Findings Out of a total of 3372 respondents who reported that they needed in-person care during the early phase of the pandemic, 257 (7.6%) avoided it. Patient-related variables associated with avoiding needed care included younger age (odds ratio (OR), 1.46, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.94, p<0.01; <45 y/o vs 45+), inability to afford care (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.34, p<0.01), and greater COVID-related stress (OR = 1.36, CI 1.01 to 1.83, p<0.05). More frequent discussions about COVID with family and friends was the only significant environment-related avoidance of care variable (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.01–1.91, p < .05). Institution-related care avoidance variables included a negative patient healthcare experience rating (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.42, p<0.001), poor awareness of the institution’s safety protocol (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.51, p<0.01), and low ratings of the institution’s effectiveness in communicating their safety protocol (OR = 3.45, 95% CI 1.94 to 6.12, p<0.001). The final model predicted 11.9% of the variance in care avoidance. Conclusions These results suggest that care avoidance of in-person care during the initial phase of the pandemic was influenced by a patient’s demographics as well as environmental and healthcare institutional factors. Patients’ previous experiences and their awareness of healthcare systems’ safety protocols are important factors in care avoidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bengt B. Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Courtney Goetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John vanSchagen
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- Trinity Health Saint Mary’s, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - William Baer
- Trinity Health Saint Mary’s, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Stacy Smith
- Trinity Health Saint Mary’s, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Judith E. Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Law MA, Wilbiks JMP, Roach SP, Best LA. Remember the past, plan for the future: How interactions between risk perception and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic can inform future Canadian public health policy. Front Public Health 2022; 10:784955. [PMID: 36033823 PMCID: PMC9413218 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.784955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the implementation of numerous temporary public health policies, including social distancing, masking, and movement limitations. These types of measures require most citizens to follow them to be effective at a population level. This study examined population adherence to emergency public health measures using early data collected in the Spring of 2020, when all Canadian jurisdictions were under relatively strict measures. In total, 1,369 participants completed an online questionnaire package to assess adherence, perceptions of government response, and perceptions of COVID-19 risk. Results indicated that most Canadians were pleased with the government's handling of the early phases of the pandemic and immediately engaged new public health mandates. Willingness to change behaviors was unrelated to satisfaction with the government response. Similarly, behavioral adherence was also unrelated to satisfaction with government, or personal risk perceptions; however, adherence to public health guidelines was related to elevated psychological distress. As the pandemic continues, public health officials must balance the mental health of the population with the physical health concerns posed by COVID-19 when applying public health mandates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan M. P. Wilbiks
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Intimate Relationships during COVID-19 across the Genders: An Examination of the Interactions of Digital Dating, Sexual Behavior, and Mental Health. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci11070297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in economic hardship, psychological stress, anxiety, and depression in a significant proportion of the global population. However, the bidirectional effects of social isolation and pre-existing or developed psychological stress could inform sexual behaviors and affect digital dating outcomes. Additionally, it is unknown whether intimate behaviors and relationships have been equally affected across the genders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to contrast the course of intimate relationships pre-and post-COVID-19, with a focus on diverse genders, digital dating, mental health, and behavior. A review of the dating landscape during COVID-19 is developed in this study, encompassing themes including diverse genders, sexual orientation, demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, the state of psychological wellbeing, and interactions with digital dating apps. The authors reviewed the trends and challenges of digital romance. Dating before and during the pandemic is explored, discussing how COVID-19 experiences may inform future romantic partnerships. Mobile dating applications saw a surge in downloads and usage across popular platforms, including Tinder (3 billion swipes in March 2020) and Ok Cupid (700% increase in dates), with the top 20 dating apps gaining 1.5 million daily users. Cross-sectionally, being younger, single, and having higher levels of stress was a predictor of higher dating-app usage during the COVID-19 lockdowns. Risky sexual behavior and having multiple sexual partners were reduced during social distancing as there was an increased worry of contracting the virus. Heightened incidents of domestic/intimate partner abuse have caught the headlines in several countries. COVID-19 during lockdown has also posed barriers to accessing support and help from sexual and mental health services.
Collapse
|
32
|
Farrugia Y, Mangion J, Fava MC, Vella C, Gruppetta M. Inpatient hyperglycaemia, and impact on morbidity, mortality and re-hospitalisation rates. Clin Med (Lond) 2022; 22:325-331. [PMID: 38589132 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2022-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperglycaemia is related to poorer outcomes among hospital inpatients. We investigated the impact of hyperglycaemia at admission on length of hospital stay, readmission rate and mortality rate. METHOD We retrospectively analysed the records of 1,132 patients admitted to hospital in January 2019, April 2019, August 2019 and April 2020. RESULTS Hyperglycaemia was present in 14.1% of patients. New-onset hyperglycaemia on admission (in 3.9% of patients) was related to a higher mortality rate than in patients known to have diabetes admitted with hyperglycaemia (43.3% vs 17.9%; p=0.006). Mortality at 90 days and 1 year increased with higher admission glucose levels (p=0.03 and p=0.005, respectively), severe hyperglycaemia (>20 mmol/L) having a 1-year mortality of 34.3%. After accounting for confounding variables, admission glucose and length of stay remained significant predictors of 1-year mortality (p=0.034 and p=0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION Hyperglycaemia is an important prognostic marker and may indicate a more severe illness. These patients should be highlighted for a greater level of care.
Collapse
|
33
|
Ibarra-Mejia G, Lusk M, Umucu E. Mental Health Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Hispanic-Serving Institution. Health Promot Pract 2022; 24:455-464. [PMID: 35582934 PMCID: PMC10159788 DOI: 10.1177/15248399221092750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the prevalence and severity of stress, anxiety, depression, and substance use among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Hispanic-serving institution. The aim of the study is to increase knowledge about student mental health during a public health emergency in order to help develop strategies that promote student success. Using the Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4) and the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety-4 (PHQ-4), we found high levels of stress, depression, and anxiety in the sample. Based on these findings, we propose a greater investment of time and resources to promote mental health and positive coping strategies among college students through culturally competent mental health and supportive programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Lusk
- The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Emre Umucu
- The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Paechter M, Phan-Lesti H, Ertl B, Macher D, Malkoc S, Papousek I. Learning in Adverse Circumstances: Impaired by Learning With Anxiety, Maladaptive Cognitions, and Emotions, but Supported by Self-Concept and Motivation. Front Psychol 2022; 13:850578. [PMID: 35496215 PMCID: PMC9046842 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.850578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 summer semester 2020 posed many challenges and uncertainties, quite unexpectedly and suddenly. In a sample of 314 psychology students, it was investigated how they experienced learning and preparing for an end-of-semester exam, which emotions and strain they experienced, how academic performance was affected, and how personal antecedents of learning as important facets of a learner’s identity could support or prevent overcoming adverse circumstances of learning. The participants of the study filled in a questionnaire about their achievement emotions and strain they experienced during learning and exam preparation as well as academic self-concept, motivation, gender, proneness to anxiety. Points achieved in the exam were also recorded. The interaction between the variables was investigated by a structural equation model. It showed that the investigated variables can be distinguished into two groups, variables that contribute mainly negatively to performance and variables with a positive contribution. Strain experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic and unpleasant emotions “belong together” in the sense that they inhibit academic performance directly or indirectly. Proneness to anxiety in academic situations was related with higher levels of mental, emotional, and physical disturbances due to the COVID-19 situation. In contrast, motivation and a high academic self-concept acted as support for learning and performance. Both contribute to pleasant achievement emotions in the learning situation; moreover, motivation had a direct relationship to academic performance. The results from the present study do not only provide insight into important students’ personal dispositions and their role for learning in adverse circumstances but also give advice how to strengthen students for successful learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Paechter
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hellen Phan-Lesti
- Department of Education, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ertl
- Department of Education, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Macher
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Smirna Malkoc
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute for Practical Education and Action Research, University College of Teacher Education Styria, Graz, Austria
| | - Ilona Papousek
- Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ambrosini F, Truzoli R, Vismara M, Vitella D, Biolcati R. The effect of cyberchondria on anxiety, depression and quality of life during COVID-19: the mediational role of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and Internet addiction. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09437. [PMID: 35600442 PMCID: PMC9107336 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the global pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), online health information-seeking behaviors have notably increased. Cyberchondria can be a vulnerability factor for the worsening of anxiety-depressive symptoms and quality of life. The current study aims to understand the predictive effect of cyberchondria on health anxiety, anxiety, depression and quality of life considering the mediating effect of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and Internet addiction and the moderating effect of COVID anxiety. 572 Italian participants (66% female; Mean age = 34; SD = 15) took part in a cross-sectional online survey involving CSS-12, MOCQ-R, IAT, SHAI, HADS, WHOQoL-BREF and CAS. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and Internet addiction were found to partially mediate the cyberchondria-health anxiety and the cyberchondria-anxiety links and to totally mediate the cyberchondria-depression and the cyberchondria-quality of life links. COVID anxiety was found to moderate the relationship between cyberchondria and anxiety. The findings suggest that compulsivity may have a key role in the explanation of the underlying mechanisms of cyberchondria. Healthcare practitioners should provide additional support for individuals with cyberchondria. As such, cyberchondria is a contributing factor to the exacerbation of anxiety-depressive disorders and may impact on the quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ambrosini
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Truzoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Clinics Luigi Sacco, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vismara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Clinics Luigi Sacco, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, Italy
- Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Biolcati
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Leigh JP, Brundin-Mather R, Soo A, FitzGerald E, Mizen S, Dodds A, Ahmed S, Burns KEA, Plotnikoff KM, Rochwerg B, Perry JJ, Benham JL, Honarmand K, Hu J, Lang R, Stelfox HT, Fiest K. Public perceptions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a demographic analysis of self-reported beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:699. [PMID: 35397530 PMCID: PMC8994420 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We explored associations between sociodemographic factors and public beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to identify how the experiences of subpopulations in Canada may vary.
Methods
We administered a national online survey through Ipsos Incorporated to adults residing in Canada. Sampling was stratified by population age, sex, and regional distributions. We used descriptive statistics to summarize responses and test for differences based on gender, age, educational attainment, and household income using chi-squared tests, followed by weighted logistic regression.
Results
We collected 1996 eligible questionnaires between April 26th and May 1st, 2020. Respondents mean age was 50 years, 51% were women, 56% had a post-secondary degree, and 72% had a household income <$100,000. Our analysis found differences within the four demographic groups, with age effects most acutely evidenced. Respondents 65 years and older were more likely to perceive the pandemic as very serious, less likely to report declines in overall health, and more likely to intend to get vaccinated, compared to 18–29 year olds. Women overall were more likely to report negative outcomes than men, including stress due to the pandemic, and worsening social, mental/emotional, and spiritual health. Respondents 45 and older were more likely to seek and trust information from traditional Canadian news sources, while 18-29 year olds were more likely to seek and trust information on social media; overall, women and respondents with a post-secondary degree were more likely to access and trust online information from public health sites.
Conclusion
This study found important demographic differences in how adults living in Canada perceived the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts on their health, and their preferences for information acquisition. Our results highlight the need to consider demographic characteristics in tailoring the format and information medium to improve large scale acceptance and uptake of mitigation and containment measures.
Collapse
|
37
|
Banna MHA, Sayeed A, Kundu S, Christopher E, Hasan MT, Begum MR, Kormoker T, Dola STI, Hassan MM, Chowdhury S, Khan MSI. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the adult population in Bangladesh: a nationwide cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:850-861. [PMID: 32741205 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1802409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has imposed threats on both physical and mental health since its outbreak. This study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among a representative sample of home-quarantined Bangladeshi adults. A cross-sectional design was used with an online survey completed by a convenience sample recruited via social media. A total of 1,427 respondents were recruited, and their mental health was assessed by the DASS-21 measure. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms was 33.7% and 57.9%, respectively, and 59.7% reported mild to extremely severe levels of stress. Perceptions that the pandemic disrupted life events, affected mental health, jobs, the economy and education, predictions of a worsening situation, and uncertainty of the health care system capacities were significantly associated with poor mental health outcomes. Multivariate logistic regressions showed that sociodemographic factors and perceptions of COVID-19 significantly predict mental health outcomes. These findings warrant the consideration of easily accessible low-intensity mental health interventions during and beyond this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Sayeed
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Satyajit Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Musammet Rasheda Begum
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Shekh Tanjina Islam Dola
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hassan
- Faculty of Nutrition & Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sukanta Chowdhury
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mental well-being, health, and locus of control in Danish adults before and during COVID-19. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2022; 34:93-98. [PMID: 34814958 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2021.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the possible impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on general health, mental well-being, and experiences of control compared to pre-pandemic populations. Our hypotheses were that we would observe a significantly lower level of psychological well-being and general health in the 2020 sample compared to the pre-pandemic samples, and that we would observe younger age groups to be the most affected. METHOD Two representative Danish populations (2016, n = 1656) and (2017, n = 3366) were compared to a representative Danish population (2020, n = 1538) sampled during the first lockdown in May 2020. Two-tailed tests of proportions were used to investigate possible differences between samples in proportions reporting poorer mental well-being measured by 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, general health, and internal locus of control. RESULTS Younger men (aged 18-24) and younger women (aged 18-44) as well as elderly women (aged 65-74) reported lower mental well-being during the early phase of the pandemic compared to the population from 2016. Both women and men in 2020 reported significantly lower levels of internal locus of control compared to the 2017 sample. This was especially true for younger men and women. There were no statistically significant differences in general health between populations. DISCUSSION This study partly supports the hypothesis that the Covid-19 pandemic affected mental well-being negatively among younger persons. However, longitudinal studies are needed to investigate possible long-term effects of the pandemic on mental health and well-being. Further, qualitative studies are needed to investigate the in-depth consequences of Covid-19.
Collapse
|
39
|
Romanchych E, Desai R, Bartha C, Carson N, Korenblum M, Monga S. Healthcare providers' perceptions of virtual-care with children's mental health in a pandemic: A hospital and community perspective. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 16:433-443. [PMID: 34309196 PMCID: PMC8444835 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the present study was to explore the experiences of a diverse group of mental health clinicians both in hospital and in the community, who were required to rapidly adopt virtual-care practices in the delivery of mental health services to children, adolescents, and their families. METHODS Mental health clinicians (N = 117) completed the Clinician Virtual-Care Experience Survey assessing the following domains: ease of technology use, client/patient-provider interaction quality, and clinician wellbeing. RESULTS Although over 70% of clinicians had not used virtual-care to deliver mental health services prior to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, more than 80% felt it was easy to operate the virtual platforms. Clinicians were divided in their perceptions of the effectiveness of virtual-care, with only 42% reporting that they felt they were as effective in delivering healthcare services virtually as compared to in-person. Virtual-care was described as being more effective for specific populations, while challenges were described in building rapport and when delivering difficult or unexpected feedback. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians felt there were some benefits of adopting virtual-care practices, while challenges were also identified. Understanding of the impact of virtual-care on service providers is essential in order to strengthen mental healthcare for children, adolescents, and their families even beyond the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Romanchych
- Department of PsychiatryHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
| | - Riddhi Desai
- Department of PsychiatryHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
| | - Christina Bartha
- Department of PsychiatryHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
- SickKids Centre for Community Mental HealthTorontoCanada
| | - Neill Carson
- SickKids Centre for Community Mental HealthTorontoCanada
| | - Marshall Korenblum
- SickKids Centre for Community Mental HealthTorontoCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Suneeta Monga
- Department of PsychiatryHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang L, Yeerjiang Y, Gao HF, Pei JF, Zhang RX, Xu WH. Self-reported anxiety level and related factors in senior high school students in China during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019. J Affect Disord 2022; 301:260-267. [PMID: 35038483 PMCID: PMC8758588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of COVID-19 has been a big challenge for senior high school students in China who are facing tremendous pressure of the highly competitive College Entrance Examination. METHODS To evaluate the psychological impact of the event in the population, we conducted an anonymous online survey among senior high school students in China between 26 Feb and 4 March, 2020. Information collected included demographic characteristics, attitude toward medical study, infection of COVID-19 in acquaintances, anxiety symptoms evaluated using the GAD-7, and health literacy level measured using the IDSHL. RESULTS Of 21,085 participants, 3,575 (17.0%), 943 (4.5%) and 448 (2.1%) reported with mild, moderate, and severe anxiety. Female, higher academic year, worse self-evaluated academic performance, negative attitude toward medical study, living in Hubei province and having acquaintance infected with COVID-19 were significantly associated with anxiety level, while higher education level of mother and higher IDSHL score were associated with a lower risk. The score of IDSHL, particularly of the domain "infectious disease prevention", was associated with the GAD-7 score in a linear pattern (β=-0.0371, p<0.01). LIMITATIONS Limitations included the cross-sectional study design unable to infer the casual relationship, anonymous survey, selection bias and self-reported anxiety disorder levels. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that COVID-19 outbreak may increase anxiety level in senior high school students in China. The anxiety related factors observed in this study may help to identify vulnerable individuals and develop interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fudan University School of Public Health, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032
| | - Yeerzhati Yeerjiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fudan University School of Public Health, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032
| | - Hai Feng Gao
- Admissions Office, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032
| | - Jian Feng Pei
- Department of Epidemiology, Fudan University School of Public Health, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032
| | - Ruo Xin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fudan University School of Public Health, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032
| | - Wang Hong Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fudan University School of Public Health, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Goonesekera Y, Donkin L. A Cognitive Behavior Therapy Chatbot (Otis) for Health Anxiety Management: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e37877. [PMID: 36150049 PMCID: PMC9586257 DOI: 10.2196/37877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increase in health anxiety was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, due to physical distancing restrictions and a strained mental health system, people were unable to access support to manage health anxiety. Chatbots are emerging as an interactive means to deliver psychological interventions in a scalable manner and provide an opportunity for novel therapy delivery to large groups of people including those who might struggle to access traditional therapies. Objective The aim of this mixed methods pilot study was to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, engagement, and effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)–based chatbot (Otis) as an early health anxiety management intervention for adults in New Zealand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Users were asked to complete a 14-day program run by Otis, a primarily decision tree–based chatbot on Facebook Messenger. Health anxiety, general anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, personal well-being, and quality of life were measured pre-intervention, postintervention, and at a 12-week follow-up. Paired samples t tests and 1-way ANOVAs were conducted to investigate the associated changes in the outcomes over time. Semistructured interviews and written responses in the self-report questionnaires and Facebook Messenger were thematically analyzed. Results The trial was completed by 29 participants who provided outcome measures at both postintervention and follow-up. Although an average decrease in health anxiety did not reach significance at postintervention (P=.55) or follow-up (P=.08), qualitative analysis demonstrated that participants perceived benefiting from the intervention. Significant improvement in general anxiety, personal well-being, and quality of life was associated with the use of Otis at postintervention and follow-up. Anthropomorphism, Otis’ appearance, and delivery of content facilitated the use of Otis. Technical difficulties and high performance and effort expectancy were, in contrast, barriers to acceptance and engagement of Otis. Conclusions Otis may be a feasible, acceptable, and engaging means of delivering CBT to improve anxiety management, quality of life, and personal well-being but might not significantly reduce health anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yenushka Goonesekera
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Liesje Donkin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Uwadiale A, Cordaro M, Brunett K, Stern M, Howard K. Lessons Learned about the Need for Early Screening for Depression during the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:272-281. [PMID: 34529543 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2021.1975333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A nationwide survey assessed the prevalence and pandemic-related risk factors of major depressive disorder (MDD) at the initial onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed a significant increase in the prevalence of MDD (22.7%) compared to the pre-pandemic 12-month estimate (10.4%). Specific pandemic-related concerns, along with significant increases in stress, loneliness, fatigue, and substance use behaviors are noted for those with the provisional diagnosis of MDD. Early screening and detection for potential MDD cases can reduce the severity and duration of maladaptive symptoms, decreasing the risk for future depression episodes and the potential loss of quality of life and productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akuekegbe Uwadiale
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Millie Cordaro
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Kaitlin Brunett
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Mark Stern
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Krista Howard
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
She R, Lau MMC, Lau JTF. Potential joint effects of perceptions related to COVID-19 and future social development on depressive symptoms: a Chinese population-based study. J Ment Health 2022; 31:534-542. [PMID: 34994290 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.2022612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant negative socio-political, economic, and psychological consequences. AIMS To investigate the impact of individual-level (illness representations of COVID-19) and structurally derived (anticipated social-political development in the economy, security, and social harmony in the next year) factors, and their potential moderation effects on depressive symptoms. METHODS An anonymous population-based telephone survey was conducted among the general public of Hong Kong, China during 3-10 April 2020 (n = 300, response rate 56%). Depressive symptoms were assessed by the validated Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. RESULTS Of the participants, 8.7% showed probable moderate-to-severe depression. Hierarchical linear regression models showed that illness representations of personal/treatment control and emotional responses and anticipated deterioration in social harmony were independently and significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Anticipated deterioration in security significantly moderated the associations between perceived consequence/treatment control of COVID-19 and depressive symptoms, such that the associations were stronger among people who anticipated a strong deterioration in security. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that perceptions of COVID-19 and future social-political development jointly and interactively contributed to depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health professionals and promotions should take the multiple-level mental health determinants into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui She
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mason M C Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Khalil RB, Dagher R, Zarzour M, Sleilaty G, Akl HA, Kallab M, Richa S. The impact of lockdown and other stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and anxiety in a Lebanese opportunistic sample: an online cross-sectional survey. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-11. [PMID: 35013657 PMCID: PMC8730756 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lockdown measures were taken since February 2020 in Lebanon, a country already going through a socio-economic crisis, to fight the new coronavirus pandemic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychological impact of the lockdown in Lebanon. A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted during the lockdown period in order to punctually assess depression, anxiety symptoms as well as eating and substance use disorders using self-rating scales (the DASS-21, SCOFF and CAGE-AID respectively), while identifying factors that might affect those outcomes. Overall, 1133 participants completed the questionnaire. The DASS-21 score was positively correlated with the impact of lockdown on participants' lifestyle and lockdown duration. A highest effect on DASS-21 score was related to the intensity of other stressful life events that have happened during the last 3 months. Linear regression analysis also showed that age, monthly income, professional status, the SCOFF and CAGE-AID scores, the intensity of the lockdown's impact on lifestyle and having been through other stressful life events unrelated to the lockdown per se, were risk factors affecting significantly the DASS-21 score. Lockdown, as well as other stressful life event that have happened during the last 3 months, were therefore associated with higher depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. These findings may guide future policy making strategies in order to prevent mental health problems in case of a pandemic concomitant with other critical stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rami Bou Khalil
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, A. Naccache Boulevard Achrafieh- Beiruth, P.O. box: 166830, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Ramez Dagher
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, A. Naccache Boulevard Achrafieh- Beiruth, P.O. box: 166830, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Myriam Zarzour
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, A. Naccache Boulevard Achrafieh- Beiruth, P.O. box: 166830, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Sleilaty
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, A. Naccache Boulevard Achrafieh- Beiruth, P.O. box: 166830, Lebanon, Lebanon
- Clinical Research Centre, Hôtel-Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Maya Kallab
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, A. Naccache Boulevard Achrafieh- Beiruth, P.O. box: 166830, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Sami Richa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, A. Naccache Boulevard Achrafieh- Beiruth, P.O. box: 166830, Lebanon, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Dell'Era G, Colombo C, Forleo GB, Curnis A, Marcantoni L, Racheli M, Sartori P, Notarstefano P, De Salvia A, Guerra F, Ziacchi M, Tondo C, Gandolfi E, De Vecchi F, Mascioli G, Coppolino A, Catuzzo B, Amellone C, Mantica M, D'Ascenzo F, Patti G. Reduction of admissions for urgent and elective pacemaker implant during the COVID-19 outbreak in Northern Italy. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2022; 23:22-27. [PMID: 34545009 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak has been recently associated with lower hospitalization rates for acute coronary syndromes. Aim of the study was to investigate whether a similar behaviour is observed in admissions for urgent pacemaker implant. METHODS This retrospective study included 1315 patients from 18 hospitals in Northern Italy with a high number of COVID-19 cases. Hospitalization rates for urgent pacemaker implant were compared between the following periods: 20 February to 20 April 2020 (case period); from 1 January to 19 February 2020 (intra-year control period); from 20 February to 20 April 2019 (inter-year control period). RESULTS The incidence rate of urgent implants was 5.0/day in the case period, 6.0/day in the intra-year control period and 5.8/day in the inter-year control period. Incidence rate in the case period was significantly lower than both the intra-year [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.99, P = 0.040] and inter-year control periods (IRR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.95, P = 0.012); this reduction was highest after the national lockdown (IRR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.91, P = 0.009). The prevalence of residents in rural areas undergoing urgent pacemaker implant was lower in the case period (36%) than in both the intra-year (47%, P = 0.03) and inter-year control periods (51%, P = 0.002). Elective pacemaker implants also decreased in the case period, with the incidence rate here being 3.5/day vs. 6.4/day in the intra-year (-45%) and 6.9/day in the inter-year period (-49%). CONCLUSION Despite severe clinical patterns, the COVID-19 outbreak has negatively affected the population presentation to Emergency Departments for bradyarrhythmias requiring urgent pacemaker implant in Northern Italy. This mainly occurred after the national lockdown and concerned patients living in rural areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Federico Guerra
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, Marche Polytechnic University, University Hospital 'Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi', Ancona
| | - Matteo Ziacchi
- Institute of Cardiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna
| | - Claudio Tondo
- Heart Rhythm Center, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan
| | | | | | - Giosué Mascioli
- Division of Electrophysiology - Humanitas Gavazzeni - Bergamo
| | - Aldo Coppolino
- ASL CN1 SC di Cardiologia, Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Savigliano (Cuneo)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Patti
- Ospedale Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara
- University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Eisenbeck N, Carreno DF, Wong PT, Hicks JA, María RRG, Puga JL, Greville J, Testoni I, Biancalani G, López ACC, Villareal S, Enea V, Schulz-Quach C, Jansen J, Sanchez-Ruiz MJ, Yıldırım M, Arslan G, Cruz JFA, Sofia RM, Ferreira MJ, Ashraf F, Wąsowicz G, Shalaby SM, Amer RA, Yousfi H, Chukwuorji JC, Guerra VM, Singh S, Heintzelman S, Hutapea B, Béjaoui B, Dash A, Schlosser KK, Anniko MK, Rossa M, Wongcharee H, Avsec A, Kocjan GZ, Kavčič T, Leontiev DA, Taranenko O, Rasskazova E, Maher E, García-Montes JM. An international study on psychological coping during COVID-19: Towards a meaning-centered coping style. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2022; 22:100256. [PMID: 34429729 PMCID: PMC8355913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2021.100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE This study examined the role of different psychological coping mechanisms in mental and physical health during the initial phases of the COVID-19 crisis with an emphasis on meaning-centered coping. METHOD A total of 11,227 people from 30 countries across all continents participated in the study and completed measures of psychological distress (depression, stress, and anxiety), loneliness, well-being, and physical health, together with measures of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping, and a measure called the Meaning-centered Coping Scale (MCCS) that was developed in the present study. Validation analyses of the MCCS were performed in all countries, and data were assessed by multilevel modeling (MLM). RESULTS The MCCS showed a robust one-factor structure in 30 countries with good test-retest, concurrent and divergent validity results. MLM analyses showed mixed results regarding emotion and problem-focused coping strategies. However, the MCCS was the strongest positive predictor of physical and mental health among all coping strategies, independently of demographic characteristics and country-level variables. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the MCCS is a valid measure to assess meaning-centered coping. The results also call for policies promoting effective coping to mitigate collective suffering during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandeep Singh
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, India
| | | | | | | | - Arobindu Dash
- IUBAT—International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga Taranenko
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russia
| | | | - Elizabeth Maher
- New Zealand Acceptance & Commitment Therapy Training Ltd., New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gómez-Salgado J, Domínguez-Salas S, Rodríguez-Domínguez C, Allande-Cussó R, Romero-Martín M, Ruiz-Frutos C. Gender perspective of psychological discomfort during COVID-19 confinement among Spanish adult population: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051572. [PMID: 34930733 PMCID: PMC8688733 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COVID-19 disease has affected more than a hundred countries worldwide and has exposed the population to an increase in mental health problems. The objective of this study was to assess the emotional impact of the pandemic from a gender perspective, as well as to study the modulating variables of that impact. DESIGN A descriptive and cross-sectional study through the General Health Questionnaire scale and the Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale is developed. SETTING General population of Spain was the target of this study PARTICIPANTS: The sample consisted of 3801 adult subjects living in Spain, without diagnosis for Sars-Cov-2 virus infection during confinement. INTERVENTION Data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire, from 26 March 2020 to 26 April 2020. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES MEASURES A sample profile description was obtained, regarding to the study variables. Later, a regression model was implemented in order to test the relationship between these variables, and to achieve a predictive model of psychological discomfort controlling the gender variable. RESULTS The results showed that women, as compared with men, had increased psychological discomfort during confinement (t=-12.877; p<0.001; d=0.470). In contrast, significantly higher scores were observed on the SOC scale (t=6.336; p<0.001; d=0.231) in men, as compared with those obtained by women. CONCLUSIONS Women have higher levels of psychological discomfort, increased concern about getting infected with COVID-19 and infecting others, as well as a lower level of SOC and perceived health. In addition, low levels of SOC predict greater concern about contagion and increased psychological discomfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dubey S, Sengupta S, Ghosh R, Dubey MJ, Chatterjee S, Das G, Roy D, Ray BK, Benito-León J. COVID-19 Pandemic, Personality and Geriatric Population: Proposed Pragmatism. J Patient Exp 2021; 8:23743735211059051. [PMID: 34869840 PMCID: PMC8633839 DOI: 10.1177/23743735211059051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly population is a sensitive and delicate cohort of society who is being compelled to bear the significant smoulders of disruptive social behavior of humankind amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim for this review was (1) to find out the root of disruption of societal integrity and self-centeredness by analyzing the spokes of HEXACO; (2) to delineate their possible relationships with the formation of Neuroticism and eventually Psychopathy, which have endangered human civilization the most in this pandemic; and (3) to search for the potential ways to get rid of these dark times. The constellation of different negative human behaviors probably originate from the negative deflection of components of the HEXACO model of personality towards the genesis of the dark triad. COVID-19 pandemic and upsurge of the dark triad in the form of Neuroticism, Narcissism and Machiavellianism potentially portend major mental health threats. Cultivation and practice of positive emotions and triumph of honesty, humility and humanity are imperative to save the mankind from the savagery of this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Dubey
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Samya Sengupta
- Department of General Medicine, Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | - Ritwik Ghosh
- Department of General Medicine, Burdwan Medical College & Hospital, Burdwan, India
| | - Mahua Jana Dubey
- Department of Psychiatry, Berhampore Mental Hospital, Murshidabad, India
| | - Subham Chatterjee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Gautam Das
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Biman Kanti Ray
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Punchihewa N, Rankin D, Ben-Meir M, Brichko L, Turner I. Trends in presentations to a private emergency department during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. AUST HEALTH REV 2021; 45:690-695. [PMID: 34857071 DOI: 10.1071/ah21185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic in Australia coincided with an early trend of reduced visits to the emergency department (ED), but to determine which patients presented less requires closer evaluation. Identifying which patient groups are presenting less frequently will provide a better understanding of health care utilisation behaviours during a pandemic and inform healthcare providers of the potential challenges in managing these groups. Methods This single-centre retrospective study examined trends in presentations in 2020 to a private, mixed paediatric and adult ED in an inner city suburb within the state of Victoria that treats both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. The 2019 dataset was used as a reference baseline for comparison. All analyses were performed using baseline characteristics and triage data. Results The total number of visits to the ED dropped from 24 775 in 2019 to 22 754 in 2020, representing an overall reduction of 8%. Significant reductions in daily presentations and admissions from the ED were observed in the months immediately following the peak of the two COVID-19 waves in the state of Victoria. Visits by those in the 0- to 17-year age group, triage categories 4 and 5 and musculoskeletal presentations were also reduced for most of 2020. Gastrointestinal/abdominal and urological/renal presentations were reduced immediately after the first COVID-19 wave, whereas infectious diseases visits were reduced during and after the second COVID-19 wave. Conclusions These findings add to the growing body of evidence regarding emergency care underutilisation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reduced private ED presentations were observed overall and in paediatric patients, lower acuity triage categories, musculoskeletal, abdominal/gastrointestinal and urological/renal presentations during the first wave, whereas infectious disease cases were reduced during the second wave. What is known about the topic? During the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Victoria, ED visits were reduced in the public sector across all diagnostic categories and all triage categories. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on private ED attendance is less well known. What does this paper add? Total visits to the private ED during the first and second waves of COVID-19 were reduced across all major diagnostic categories except cardiac presentations. During this same period, visits for triage categories 4 and 5 were significantly reduced. What are the implications for practitioners? ED underutilisation during the initial two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic is apparent in both the private and public sector. Patients should be encouraged not to delay seeking urgent medical care during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisal Punchihewa
- Emergency Department, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. ; , ; and Present address: Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; and Corresponding author. Email
| | - David Rankin
- Department of Clinical Informatics, Cabrini Health Malvern, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
| | - Michael Ben-Meir
- Emergency Department, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. ; ,
| | - Lisa Brichko
- Emergency Department, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. ; , ; and Alfred Hospital Emergency and Trauma Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; and School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ian Turner
- Emergency Department, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. ; ,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fan C, Fu P, Li X, Li M, Zhu M. Trauma exposure and the PTSD symptoms of college teachers during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak. Stress Health 2021; 37:914-927. [PMID: 33837651 PMCID: PMC8250066 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore influencing factors for the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Wuhan college teachers, posttraumatic stress symptoms in particular, so as to inform evidence-based strategy development to ameliorate such adverse impacts. An online survey was conducted from 26 to 29 April 2020, and 1650 teachers (47.54% male; M = 40.28 years, SD = 8.3 years) enrolled in Wuhan universities and colleges participated. The results showed that the overall incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among college teachers was as high as 24.55%, but the average level of PTSD score was low (M = 1.06, SD = 0.72). Logistic regression analysis showed that for those with confirmed COVID-19, the ratio was much higher, up to 2.814 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.542, 5.136], p < 0.001); that is, compared with those without symptoms, the ratio of PTSD increased by 181%. For those who had family members or relatives who died of COVID-19, the ratio was 5.592 (95% CI: [2.271, 13.766], p < 0.001), 459% higher than those who had no one who died. But the living places during the pandemic had no significant effect on PTSD. The findings suggest that mental health services reducing PTSD should be provided. Teachers who confirmed COVID-19 or lost loved ones to COVID-19 should be given particular care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Fan
- School of SociologyCentral China Normal UniversityChina
| | - Ping Fu
- School of SociologyCentral China Normal UniversityChina
| | - Xueyan Li
- School of SociologyCentral China Normal UniversityChina
| | - Min Li
- School of SociologyCentral China Normal UniversityChina
| | - Miao Zhu
- School of SociologyCentral China Normal UniversityChina
| |
Collapse
|