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Zafarani A, Tabibian S, Barati M, Ghodratnia E, Safa M. Associations of multiple genetic variations with plasma levels of Von Willebrand Factor and clinical phenotype in Iranian patients with Von Willebrand disease type 1. Transfus Apher Sci 2023; 62:103766. [PMID: 37550093 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations influence the Von Willebrand Factor plasma level and function. This study aims to evaluate the frequency and clinical phenotype effects of eight single nucleotide polymorphism candidates in four genes (VWF, STXBP5, CLEC4M, and ABO) in Iranian patients with VWD type 1. METHOD The study recruited 50 patients with VWD type 1 and 100 healthy individuals. The demographic data from all participants were collected, and the High-Resolution Melting technique was used to determine the frequency of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms. Bleeding scores were also obtained from all patients to assess how these genetic variations might affect the severity of their bleeding symptoms. RESULTS The study found notable variations in the occurrence of certain SNPs (rs7853989 and rs8176743 for ABO gene and rs1063856 and rs1063857 for VWF gene) between the control group and the patients. Additionally, the study discovered that two SNPs (rs868875 for CLEC4M gene and rs9390459 for STXBP5 gene) were significantly linked to the severity of bleeding, and two others (rs868875 for CLEC4M gene and rs8176746 for ABO gene) were associated with reduced levels of VWF antigen in the patients. CONCLUSION According to this study, the above-selected SNPs can cause variations in VWF plasma levels in patients with VWD type 1. Furthermore, the effects of SNPs on bleeding phenotype prove the role of these SNPs in the severity of bleeding manifestations in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Zafarani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shadi Tabibian
- Iranian Comprehensive Hemophilia Care Center, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahmood Barati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elnaz Ghodratnia
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Majid Safa
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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2
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Ji Y, Temprano-Sagrera G, Holle LA, Bebo A, Brody JA, Le NQ, Kangro K, Brown MR, Martinez-Perez A, Sitlani CM, Suchon P, Kleber ME, Emmert DB, Ozel AB, Dobson DA, Tang W, Llobet D, Tracy RP, Deleuze JF, Delgado GE, Gögele M, Wiggins KL, Souto JC, Pankow JS, Taylor KD, Trégouët DA, Moissl AP, Fuchsberger C, Rosendaal FR, Morrison AC, Soria JM, Cushman M, Morange PE, März W, Hicks AA, Desch KC, Johnson AD, de Vries PS, Wolberg AS, Smith NL, Sabater-Lleal M. Antithrombin, Protein C, and Protein S: Genome and Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies Identify 7 Novel Loci Regulating Plasma Levels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e254-e269. [PMID: 37128921 PMCID: PMC10330350 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antithrombin, PC (protein C), and PS (protein S) are circulating natural anticoagulant proteins that regulate hemostasis and of which partial deficiencies are causes of venous thromboembolism. Previous genetic association studies involving antithrombin, PC, and PS were limited by modest sample sizes or by being restricted to candidate genes. In the setting of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium, we meta-analyzed across ancestries the results from 10 genome-wide association studies of plasma levels of antithrombin, PC, PS free, and PS total. METHODS Study participants were of European and African ancestries, and genotype data were imputed to TOPMed, a dense multiancestry reference panel. Each of the 10 studies conducted a genome-wide association studies for each phenotype and summary results were meta-analyzed, stratified by ancestry. Analysis of antithrombin included 25 243 European ancestry and 2688 African ancestry participants, PC analysis included 16 597 European ancestry and 2688 African ancestry participants, PSF and PST analysis included 4113 and 6409 European ancestry participants. We also conducted transcriptome-wide association analyses and multiphenotype analysis to discover additional associations. Novel genome-wide association studies and transcriptome-wide association analyses findings were validated by in vitro functional experiments. Mendelian randomization was performed to assess the causal relationship between these proteins and cardiovascular outcomes. RESULTS Genome-wide association studies meta-analyses identified 4 newly associated loci: 3 with antithrombin levels (GCKR, BAZ1B, and HP-TXNL4B) and 1 with PS levels (ORM1-ORM2). transcriptome-wide association analyses identified 3 newly associated genes: 1 with antithrombin level (FCGRT), 1 with PC (GOLM2), and 1 with PS (MYL7). In addition, we replicated 7 independent loci reported in previous studies. Functional experiments provided evidence for the involvement of GCKR, SNX17, and HP genes in antithrombin regulation. CONCLUSIONS The use of larger sample sizes, diverse populations, and a denser imputation reference panel allowed the detection of 7 novel genomic loci associated with plasma antithrombin, PC, and PS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuekai Ji
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Gerard Temprano-Sagrera
- Unit of genomics of Complex Disease, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lori A Holle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Allison Bebo
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ngoc-Quynh Le
- Unit of genomics of Complex Disease, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kadri Kangro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angel Martinez-Perez
- Unit of genomics of Complex Disease, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Pierre Suchon
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, France
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, France
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- SYNLAB MVZ für Humangenetik Mannheim, Germany
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - David B Emmert
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Italy
| | - Ayse Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, MI, USA
| | - Dre’Von A Dobson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Dolors Llobet
- Unit of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, VT, USA
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA, France
- Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Fondation Jean Dausset, France
- Laboratory of Excellence on Medical Genomics (GenMed), France
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Italy
| | | | - Juan Carlos Souto
- Unit of genomics of Complex Disease, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Laboratory of Excellence on Medical Genomics (GenMed), France
- INSERM UMR 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, France
| | - Angela P Moissl
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health(nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Italy
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jose Manuel Soria
- Unit of genomics of Complex Disease, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mary Cushman
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, VT, USA
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, France
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, France
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Italy
| | - Karl C Desch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, MI, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Population Sciences Branch, The Framingham Heart Study, MA, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Alisa S Wolberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente, WA, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, WA, USA
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Unit of genomics of Complex Disease, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Iglesias MJ, Sanchez-Rivera L, Ibrahim-Kosta M, Naudin C, Munsch G, Goumidi L, Farm M, Smith PM, Thibord F, Kral-Pointner JB, Hong MG, Suchon P, Germain M, Schrottmaier W, Dusart P, Boland A, Kotol D, Edfors F, Koprulu M, Pietzner M, Langenberg C, Damrauer SM, Johnson AD, Klarin DM, Smith NL, Smadja DM, Holmström M, Magnusson M, Silveira A, Uhlén M, Renné T, Martinez-Perez A, Emmerich J, Deleuze JF, Antovic J, Soria Fernandez JM, Assinger A, Schwenk JM, Souto Andres JC, Morange PE, Butler LM, Trégouët DA, Odeberg J. Elevated plasma complement factor H related 5 protein is associated with venous thromboembolism. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3280. [PMID: 37286573 PMCID: PMC10247781 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, multi-causal disease with potentially serious short- and long-term complications. In clinical practice, there is a need for improved plasma biomarker-based tools for VTE diagnosis and risk prediction. Here we show, using proteomics profiling to screen plasma from patients with suspected acute VTE, and several case-control studies for VTE, how Complement Factor H Related 5 protein (CFHR5), a regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, is a VTE-associated plasma biomarker. In plasma, higher CFHR5 levels are associated with increased thrombin generation potential and recombinant CFHR5 enhanced platelet activation in vitro. GWAS analysis of ~52,000 participants identifies six loci associated with CFHR5 plasma levels, but Mendelian randomization do not demonstrate causality between CFHR5 and VTE. Our results indicate an important role for the regulation of the alternative pathway of complement activation in VTE and that CFHR5 represents a potential diagnostic and/or risk predictive plasma biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jesus Iglesias
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway (UNN), PB100, 9038, Tromsø, Norway
- Translational Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laura Sanchez-Rivera
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manal Ibrahim-Kosta
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Laboratory of Haematology, CRB Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, HemoVasc (CRB AP-HM HemoVasc), Marseille, France
| | - Clément Naudin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
- Translational Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gaëlle Munsch
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, ELEANOR, Bordeaux, France
| | - Louisa Goumidi
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Laboratory of Haematology, CRB Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, HemoVasc (CRB AP-HM HemoVasc), Marseille, France
| | - Maria Farm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip M Smith
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme of Emergency and Reparative Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Thibord
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Julia Barbara Kral-Pointner
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pierre Suchon
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Laboratory of Haematology, CRB Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, HemoVasc (CRB AP-HM HemoVasc), Marseille, France
| | - Marine Germain
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, ELEANOR, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GENMED (Medical Genomics), Bordeaux, France
| | - Waltraud Schrottmaier
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philip Dusart
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
- Translational Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GENMED (Medical Genomics), Evry, France
| | - David Kotol
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Edfors
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mine Koprulu
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Maik Pietzner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Derek M Klarin
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David M Smadja
- Hematology Department and Biosurgical Research Lab (Carpentier Foundation), European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, Université de Paris, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, Paris, 75270, France
| | - Margareta Holmström
- Coagulation Unit, Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Magnusson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Coagulation Unit, Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela Silveira
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, D-, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Angel Martinez-Perez
- Genomics of Complex Diseases Group, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph Emmerich
- Department of vascular medicine, Paris Saint-Joseph Hospital Group, INSERM 1153-CRESS, University of Paris Cité, 185 rue Raymond Losserand, Paris, 75674, France
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GENMED (Medical Genomics), Evry, France
- Centre D'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Fondation Jean Dausset, Paris, France
| | - Jovan Antovic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jose Manuel Soria Fernandez
- Genomics of Complex Diseases Group, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alice Assinger
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joan Carles Souto Andres
- Unitat d'Hemostàsia i Trombosi. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Laboratory of Haematology, CRB Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, HemoVasc (CRB AP-HM HemoVasc), Marseille, France
| | - Lynn Marie Butler
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden
- Translational Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, ELEANOR, Bordeaux, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence GENMED (Medical Genomics), Bordeaux, France.
| | - Jacob Odeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway (UNN), PB100, 9038, Tromsø, Norway.
- Translational Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway.
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Coagulation Unit, Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
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4
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Sarafanov AG. Plasma Clearance of Coagulation Factor VIII and Extension of Its Half-Life for the Therapy of Hemophilia A: A Critical Review of the Current State of Research and Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108584. [PMID: 37239930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Factor VIII (FVIII) is an important component of blood coagulation as its congenital deficiency results in life-threatening bleeding. Current prophylactic therapy of the disease (hemophilia A) is based on 3-4 intravenous infusions of therapeutic FVIII per week. This poses a burden on patients, demanding reduction of infusion frequency by using FVIII with extended plasma half-life (EHL). Development of these products requires understanding FVIII plasma clearance mechanisms. This paper overviews (i) an up-to-date state of the research in this field and (ii) current EHL FVIII products, including recently approved efanesoctocog alfa, for which the plasma half-life exceeds a biochemical barrier posed by von Willebrand factor, complexed with FVIII in plasma, which results in ~1 per week infusion frequency. We focus on the EHL FVIII products' structure and function, in particular related to the known discrepancy in results of one-stage clotting (OC) and chromogenic substrate (CS) assays used to assign the products' potency, dosing, and for clinical monitoring in plasma. We suggest a possible root cause of these assays' discrepancy that is also pertinent to EHL factor IX variants used to treat hemophilia B. Finally, we discuss approaches in designing future EHL FVIII variants, including those to be used for hemophilia A gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Sarafanov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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5
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Johnsen JM. Current challenges in hemophilia genetics and how they can be overcome. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:867-868. [PMID: 39195977 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Johnsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Washington Center for Bleeding Disorders, Seattle, WA, USA.
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6
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Pankratz N, Wei P, Brody JA, Chen MH, de Vries PS, Huffman JE, Stimson MR, Auer PL, Boerwinkle E, Cushman M, de Maat MPM, Folsom AR, Franco OH, Gibbs RA, Haagenson KK, Hofman A, Johnsen JM, Kovar CL, Kraaij R, McKnight B, Metcalf GA, Muzny D, Psaty BM, Tang W, Uitterlinden AG, van Rooij JGJ, Dehghan A, O'Donnell CJ, Reiner AP, Morrison AC, Smith NL. Whole-exome sequencing of 14 389 individuals from the ESP and CHARGE consortia identifies novel rare variation associated with hemostatic factors. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3120-3132. [PMID: 35552711 PMCID: PMC9476613 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma levels of fibrinogen, coagulation factors VII and VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) are four intermediate phenotypes that are heritable and have been associated with the risk of clinical thrombotic events. To identify rare and low-frequency variants associated with these hemostatic factors, we conducted whole-exome sequencing in 10 860 individuals of European ancestry (EA) and 3529 African Americans (AAs) from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Exome Sequencing Project. Gene-based tests demonstrated significant associations with rare variation (minor allele frequency < 5%) in fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) (with fibrinogen, P = 9.1 × 10-13), coagulation factor VII (F7) (with factor VII, P = 1.3 × 10-72; seven novel variants) and VWF (with factor VIII and vWF; P = 3.2 × 10-14; one novel variant). These eight novel rare variant associations were independent of the known common variants at these loci and tended to have much larger effect sizes. In addition, one of the rare novel variants in F7 was significantly associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism in AAs (Ile200Ser; rs141219108; P = 4.2 × 10-5). After restricting gene-based analyses to only loss-of-function variants, a novel significant association was detected and replicated between factor VIII levels and a stop-gain mutation exclusive to AAs (rs3211938) in CD36 molecule (CD36). This variant has previously been linked to dyslipidemia but not with the levels of a hemostatic factor. These efforts represent the largest integration of whole-exome sequence data from two national projects to identify genetic variation associated with plasma hemostatic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Peng Wei
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
- Center for Population Genomics, MAVERIC, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary Rachel Stimson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, and Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - Moniek P M de Maat
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kelly K Haagenson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill M Johnsen
- Research Institute Bloodworks, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christie L Kovar
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ginger A Metcalf
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donna Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veterans Administration Healthcare, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle WA, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Administration Office of Research and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
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7
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Christopherson PA, Haberichter SL, Flood VH, Perry CL, Sadler BE, Bellissimo DB, Di Paola J, Montgomery RR. Molecular pathogenesis and heterogeneity in type 3 VWD families in U.S. Zimmerman program. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1576-1588. [PMID: 35343054 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 3 von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is a rare and severe form of VWD characterized by the absence of von Willebrand factor (VWF). OBJECTIVES As part of the Zimmerman Program, we sought to explore the molecular pathogenesis, correlate bleeding phenotype and severity, and determine the inheritance pattern found in type 3 VWD families. PATIENTS/METHODS 62 index cases with a pre-existing diagnosis of type 3 VWD were analyzed. Central testing included FVIII, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, and VWFpp. Bleeding symptoms were quantified using the ISTH bleeding score. Genetic analysis included VWF sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization and predictive computational programs. RESULTS 75% of subjects (46) had central testing confirming type 3, while 25% were re-classified as type 1-Severe or type 1C. Candidate VWF variants were found in all subjects with 93% of expected alleles identified. The majority were null alleles including frameshift, nonsense, splice site, and large deletions, while 13% were missense variants. Additional studies on 119 family members, including 69 obligate carriers, revealed a wide range of heterogeneity in VWF levels and bleeding scores, even amongst those with the same variant. Co-dominant inheritance was present in 51% of families and recessive in 21%, however 28% were ambiguous. CONCLUSION This report represents a large cohort of VWD families in the U.S. with extensive phenotypic and genotypic data. While co-dominant inheritance was seen in approximately 50% of families, this study highlights the complexity of VWF genetics due to the heterogeneity found in both VWF levels and bleeding tendencies amongst families with type 3 VWD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra L Haberichter
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Veronica H Flood
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Brooke E Sadler
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel B Bellissimo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jorge Di Paola
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert R Montgomery
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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8
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Kayashima Y, Clanton CA, Lewis AM, Sun X, Hiller S, Huynh P, Wilder J, Hagaman J, Li F, Maeda-Smithies N, Harris EN. Reduction of Stabilin-2 Contributes to a Protection Against Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:818662. [PMID: 35360009 PMCID: PMC8963368 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.818662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a novel atherosclerosis quantitative trait locus (QTL), Arch atherosclerosis 5 (Aath5), on mouse chromosome 10 by three-way QTL analyses between Apoe−/− mice on a DBA/2J, 129S6 and C57BL/6J background. The DBA/2J haplotype at the Aath5 locus was associated with smaller plaque size. One of the candidate genes underlying Aath5 was Stabilin-2 (Stab2), which encodes a clearance receptor for hyaluronan (HA) predominantly expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). However, the role of Stab2 in atherosclerosis is unknown. A congenic line of Apoe−/− mice carrying Aath5 covering the Stab2DBA allele on a background of 129S6 confirmed the small reductions of atherosclerotic plaque development. To further determine whether Stab2 is an underlying gene for Aath5, we generated Stab2−/−Apoe−/− mice on a C57BL/6J background. When fed with a Western diet for 8 weeks, Stab2−/−Apoe−/− males developed approximately 30% smaller plaques than Stab2+/+Apoe−/− mice. HA was accumulated in circulation but not in major organs in the Stab2 deficient mice. STAB2-binding molecules that are involved in atherosclerosis, including acLDL, apoptotic cells, heparin and vWF were not likely the direct cause of the protection in the Stab2−/−Apoe−/− males. These data indicate that reduction of Stab2 is protective against atherosclerotic plaque development, and that Stab2 is a contributing gene underlying Aath5, although its effect is small. To test whether non-synonymous amino acid changes unique to DBA/2J affect the function of STAB2 protein, we made HEK293 cell lines expressing STAB2129 or STAB2DBA proteins, as well as STAB2129 proteins carrying each of five DBA-unique replacements that have been predicted to be deleterious. These mutant cells were capable of internalizing 125I -HA and DiI-acLDL similarly to the control cells. These results indicate that the amino acid changes unique to DBA/2J are not affecting the function of STAB2 protein, and support our previous observation that the reduced transcription of Stab2 in the liver sinusoid as a consequence of the insertion of a viral-derived sequence, intracisternal A particle, is the primary contributor to the athero-protection conferred by the DBA/2J allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Kayashima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Yukako Kayashima
| | - Connor A. Clanton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Amanda M. Lewis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Sylvia Hiller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Phillip Huynh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jennifer Wilder
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - John Hagaman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nobuyo Maeda-Smithies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Edward N. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
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9
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Romano AVC, Barnabé A, Gadelha TB, Guerra JCDC, Secolin R, Orsi FLDA, Campanate GDCS, Wolosker N, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM. Gene Variants Associated With Venous Thrombosis: A Replication Study in a Brazilian Multicentre Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 26:1076029620962225. [PMID: 33119405 PMCID: PMC7607786 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620962225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) risk have been identified in European and American populations. Replicate SNPs associated with VTE in a Brazilian multicenter case-control study of the Southeast region. Patients with previous VTE assisted at the Outpatient Clinics of 3 centers of the Southeast Brazilian region were compared to normal controls of the same geographic region. We evaluated 29 SNPs associated with VTE risk in other populations, and 90 SNPs for stratification analysis of the population. Due to high admixture of Brazilian population and lack of previous studies, the calculation of the sample power was performed after genotyping. Sample size, allelic frequency and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were estimated. The association and odds ratio analyses were estimated by logistic regression and the results were adjusted for multiple tests using Bonferroni correction. The evaluation of the genetic structure similarity in the cases and controls was performed by AMOVA. 436 cases and 430 controls were included. It was demonstrated that this sample has a statistical power to detect a genetic association of 79.4%. AMOVA showed that the genetic variability between groups was 0.0% and 100% within each group. None of the SNPs showed association with VTE in our population. A Brazilian multicenter case-control study with adequate sample power, high genetic variability though no stratification between groups, showed no replication of SNPs associated with VTE. The high admixture of Brazilian population may be responsible for these results, emphasizing the influence of the population genetic structure in association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Barnabé
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, 28132University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Secolin
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 28132University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nelson Wolosker
- Vascular Surgery, Israelite Hospital Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Partial F8 gene duplication (factor VIII Padua) associated with high factor VIII levels and familial thrombophilia. Blood 2021; 137:2383-2393. [PMID: 33275657 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
High coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) levels comprise a common risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), but the underlying genetic determinants are largely unknown. We investigated the molecular bases of high FVIII levels in 2 Italian families with severe thrombophilia. The proband of the first family had a history of recurrent VTE before age 50 years, with extremely and persistently elevated FVIII antigen and activity levels (>400%) as the only thrombophilic defects. Genetic analysis revealed a 23.4-kb tandem duplication of the proximal portion of the F8 gene (promoter, exon 1, and a large part of intron 1), which cosegregated with high FVIII levels in the family and was absent in 103 normal controls. Targeted screening of 50 unrelated VTE patients with FVIII levels ≥250% identified a second thrombophilic family with the same F8 rearrangement on the same genetic background, suggesting a founder effect. Carriers of the duplication from both families showed a twofold or greater upregulation of F8 messenger RNA, consistent with the presence of open chromatin signatures and enhancer elements within the duplicated region. Testing of these sequences in a luciferase reporter assay pinpointed a 927-bp region of F8 intron 1 associated with >45-fold increased reporter activity in endothelial cells, potentially mediating the F8 transcriptional enhancement observed in carriers of the duplication. In summary, we report the first thrombophilic defect in the F8 gene (designated FVIII Padua) associated with markedly elevated FVIII levels and severe thrombophilia in 2 Italian families.
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11
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Hu J, Li C, Wang S, Li T, Zhang H. Genetic variants are identified to increase risk of COVID-19 related mortality from UK Biobank data. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020:2020.11.05.20226761. [PMID: 33200144 PMCID: PMC7668757 DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.05.20226761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly heterogenous. Studies have reported that males and some ethnic groups are at increased risk of death from COVID-19, which implies that individual risk of death might be influenced by host genetic factors. Methods In this project, we consider the mortality as the trait of interest and perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of data for 1,778 infected cases (445 deaths, 25.03%) distributed by the UK Biobank. Traditional GWAS failed to identify any genome-wide significant genetic variants from this dataset. To enhance the power of GWAS and account for possible multi-loci interactions, we adopt the concept of super-variant for the detection of genetic factors. A discovery-validation procedure is used for verifying the potential associations. Results We find 8 super-variants that are consistently identified across multiple replications as susceptibility loci for COVID-19 mortality. The identified risk factors on Chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 8, 10, 16, and 17 contain genetic variants and genes related to cilia dysfunctions (DNAH7 and CLUAP1), cardiovascular diseases (DES and SPEG), thromboembolic disease (STXBP5), mitochondrial dysfunctions (TOMM7), and innate immune system (WSB1). It is noteworthy that DNAH7 has been reported recently as the most downregulated gene after infecting human bronchial epithelial cells with SARS-CoV2. Conclusions Eight genetic variants are identified to significantly increase risk of COVID-19 mortality among the patients with white British ancestry. These findings may provide timely evidence and clues for better understanding the molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 and genetic basis of heterogeneous susceptibility, with potential impact on new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ting Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University
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12
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Common Genetic Variants in ABO and CLEC4M Modulate the Pharmacokinetics of Recombinant FVIII in Severe Hemophilia A Patients. Thromb Haemost 2020; 120:1395-1406. [PMID: 32726853 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic (PK) response of severe hemophilia A (HA) patients to infused factor VIII (FVIII) shows substantial variability. Several environmental and genetic factors are associated with changes in FVIII plasma levels and infused FVIII PK. Based on the hypothesis that factors influencing endogenous FVIII can affect FVIII PK, the contribution of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in candidate genes was investigated in 51 severe HA patients. The effects of blood group, F8 variant type, von Willebrand factor antigen and activity levels, age, and weight were also explored. The myPKFiT device was used to estimate individual PK parameters, and SNVs and clinically reportable F8 variants were simultaneously analyzed in an Illumina MiSeq instrument, using the microfluidics-based Fluidigm Access Array system. The contribution of SNVs to FVIII half-life and clearance was addressed by robust regression modeling, taking into account other modulators. In line with previous studies, we provide robust evidence that age, body weight, and blood group, as well as SNVs in ABO and CLEC4M, participate in the variability of FVIII PK in HA patients. Main results: each copy of the rs7853989 (ABO) allele increases FVIII half-life by 1.4 hours (p = 0.0131) and decreases clearance by 0.5 mL/h/kg (p = 5.57E-03), whereas each additional rs868875 (CLEC4M) allele reduces FVIII half-life by 1.1 hours (p = 2.90E-05) and increases clearance by 0.3 mL/h/kg (p = 1.01E-03). These results contribute to advancing efforts to improve FVIII replacement therapies by adjusting to each patient's PK profile based on pharmacogenomic data. This personalized medicine will decrease the burden of treatment and maximize the benefits obtained.
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13
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Thibord F, Hardy L, Ibrahim-Kosta M, Saut N, Pulcrano-Nicolas AS, Goumidi L, Civelek M, Eriksson P, Deleuze JF, Le Goff W, Trégouët DA, Morange PE. A Genome Wide Association Study on plasma FV levels identified PLXDC2 as a new modifier of the coagulation process. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1808-1814. [PMID: 31271701 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factor V (FV) is a circulating protein primarily synthesized in the liver, and mainly present in plasma. It is a major component of the coagulation process. OBJECTIVE To detect novel genetic loci participating to the regulation of FV plasma levels. METHODS We conducted the first Genome Wide Association Study on FV plasma levels in a sample of 510 individuals and replicated the main findings in an independent sample of 1156 individuals. RESULTS In addition to genetic variations at the F5 locus, we identified novel associations at the PLXDC2 locus, with the lead PLXDC2 rs927826 polymorphism explaining ~3.7% (P = 7.5 × 10-15 in the combined discovery and replication samples) of the variability of FV plasma levels. In silico transcriptomic analyses in various cell types confirmed that PLXDC2 expression is positively correlated to F5 expression. SiRNA experiments in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line confirmed the role of PLXDC2 in modulating factor F5 gene expression, and revealed further influences on F2 and F10 expressions. CONCLUSION Our study identified PLXDC2 as a new molecular player of the coagulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Thibord
- Pierre Louis Doctoral School of Public Health, Sorbonne-Université, Paris, France
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Lise Hardy
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Manal Ibrahim-Kosta
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, Marseille, France
| | - Noémie Saut
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Pulcrano-Nicolas
- Pierre Louis Doctoral School of Public Health, Sorbonne-Université, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Louisa Goumidi
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, Marseille, France
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Per Eriksson
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, CEA, Evry, France
- CEPH, Fondation Jean Dausset, Paris, France
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, Marseille, France
- CRB Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, HemoVasc (CRB AP-HM HemoVasc), Marseille, France
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14
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Genetic determinants of VWF clearance and FVIII binding modify FVIII pharmacokinetics in pediatric hemophilia A patients. Blood 2019; 134:880-891. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Factor VIII (FVIII) pharmacokinetic (PK) properties show high interpatient variability in hemophilia A patients. Although previous studies have determined that age, body mass index, von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) levels, and ABO blood group status can influence FVIII PK, they do not account for all observed variability. In this study, we aim to describe the genetic determinants that modify the FVIII PK profile in a population of 43 pediatric hemophilia A patients. We observed that VWF:Ag and VWF propeptide (VWFpp)/VWF:Ag, but not VWFpp, were associated with FVIII half-life. VWFpp/VWF:Ag negatively correlated with FVIII half-life in patients with non-O blood type, but no correlation was observed for type O patients, suggesting that von Willebrand factor (VWF) half-life, as modified by the ABO blood group, is a strong regulator of FVIII PK. The FVIII-binding activity of VWF positively correlated with FVIII half-life, and the rare or low-frequency nonsynonymous VWF variants p.(Arg826Lys) and p.(Arg852Glu) were identified in patients with reduced VWF:FVIIIB but not VWF:Ag. Common variants at the VWF, CLEC4M, and STAB2 loci, which have been previously associated with plasma levels of VWF and FVIII, were associated with the FVIII PK profile. Together, these studies characterize the mechanistic basis by which VWF clearance and ABO glycosylation modify FVIII PK in a pediatric population. Moreover, this study is the first to identify non-VWF and non-ABO variants that modify FVIII PK in pediatric hemophilia A patients.
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15
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Interaction networks of Weibel-Palade body regulators syntaxin-3 and syntaxin binding protein 5 in endothelial cells. J Proteomics 2019; 205:103417. [PMID: 31201948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium stores the hemostatic protein Von Willebrand factor (VWF) in endothelial storage organelles called Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). During maturation, WPBs recruit a complex of Rab GTPases and effectors that associate with components of the SNARE machinery that control WPB exocytosis. Recent genome wide association studies have found links between genetic variations in the SNAREs syntaxin-2 (STX2) and syntaxin binding protein 5 (STXBP5) and VWF plasma levels, suggesting a role for SNARE proteins in regulating VWF release. Moreover, we have previously identified the SNARE proteins syntaxin-3 and STXBP1 as regulators of WPB release. In this study we used an unbiased iterative interactomic approach to identify new components of the WPB exocytotic machinery. An interactome screen of syntaxin-3 identifies a number of SNAREs and SNARE associated proteins (STXBP2, STXBP5, SNAP23, NAPA and NSF). We show that the VAMP-like domain (VLD) of STXBP5 is indispensable for the interaction with SNARE proteins and this capacity of the VLD could be exploited to identify an extended set of novel endothelial SNARE interactors of STXBP5. In addition, an STXBP5 variant with an N436S substitution, which is linked to lower VWF plasma levels, does not show a difference in interactome when compared with WT STXBP5. SIGNIFICANCE: The hemostatic protein Von Willebrand factor plays a pivotal role in vascular health: quantitative or qualitative deficiencies of VWF can lead to bleeding, while elevated levels of VWF are associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Tight regulation of VWF secretion from WPBs is therefore essential to maintain vascular homeostasis. We used an unbiased proteomic screen to identify new components of the regulatory machinery that controls WPB exocytosis. Our data expand the endothelial SNARE protein network and provide a set of novel candidate WPB regulators that may contribute to regulation of VWF plasma levels and vascular health.
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16
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Swystun LL, Ogiwara K, Lai JD, Ojala JRM, Rawley O, Lassalle F, Notley C, Rengby O, Michels A, Nesbitt K, Tryggvason K, Lillicrap D. The scavenger receptor SCARA5 is an endocytic receptor for von Willebrand factor expressed by littoral cells in the human spleen. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1384-1396. [PMID: 31126000 PMCID: PMC6689151 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scavenger receptors play a significant role in clearing aged proteins from the plasma, including the large glycoprotein coagulation factors von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII). A large genome-wide association study meta-analysis has identified genetic variants in the gene SCARA5, which encodes the class A scavenger receptor SCARA5, as being associated with plasma levels of VWF and FVIII. OBJECTIVES The ability of SCARA5 to regulate the clearance of VWF-FVIII was characterized. METHODS VWF-FVIII interactions with SCARA5 were evaluated by solid phase binding assays and in vitro cell based assays. The influence of SCARA5 deficiency on VWF:Ag and half-life was assessed in a murine model. The expression pattern of SCARA5 and its colocalization with VWF was evaluated in human tissues. RESULTS VWF and the VWF-FVIII complex bound to human recombinant SCARA5 in a dose- and calcium-dependent manner. SCARA5 expressing HEK 293T cells bound and internalized VWF and the VWF-FVIII complex into early endosomes. In vivo, SCARA5 deficiency had a modest influence on the half-life of human VWF. mRNA analysis and immunohistochemistry determined that human SCARA5 is expressed in kidney podocytes and the red pulp, white pulp, and marginal zone of the spleen. VWF was found to colocalize with SCARA5 expressed by littoral cells lining the red pulp of the human spleen. CONCLUSIONS SCARA5 is an adhesive and endocytic receptor for VWF. In human tissues, SCARA5 is expressed by kidney podocytes and splenic littoral endothelial cells. SCARA5 may have a modest influence on VWF clearance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L. Swystun
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Indicates co-first authorship
| | - Kenichi Ogiwara
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Indicates co-first authorship
| | - Jesse D. Lai
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Juha R. M. Ojala
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Orla Rawley
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Fanny Lassalle
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Colleen Notley
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Olle Rengby
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alison Michels
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kate Nesbitt
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Karl Tryggvason
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Lillicrap
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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17
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Swystun LL, Notley C, Georgescu I, Lai JD, Nesbitt K, James PD, Lillicrap D. The endothelial lectin clearance receptor CLEC4M binds and internalizes factor VIII in a VWF-dependent and independent manner. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:681-694. [PMID: 30740857 PMCID: PMC7083068 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Essentials CLEC4M is an endocytic receptor for factor FVIII. CLEC4M interacts with FVIII in a VWF-dependent and independent manner. CLEC4M binds to mannose-containing glycans on FVIII. CLEC4M internalization of FVIII involves clathrin coated pits. SUMMARY: Background von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII) circulate in the plasma as a non-covalent complex, and the majority of FVIII is likely to be cleared by VWF-dependent pathways. Clearance of VWF-free FVIII is rapid and underlies the pathological basis of some quantitative FVIII deficiencies. The receptor pathways that regulate the clearance of VWF-bound and VWF-free FVIII are incompletely uncharacterized. The human liver-expressed endothelial lectin CLEC4M has been previously characterized as a clearance receptor for VWF, although its influence on FVIII is unknown. Objective The interaction between FVIII and CLEC4M was characterized in the presence or absence of VWF. Methods FVIII interactions with CLEC4M were evaluated by in vitro cell-based and solid phase binding assays. Interactions between FVIII and CLEC4M or liver sinusoidal endothelial cells were evaluated in vivo by immunohistochemistry. Results CLEC4M-expressing HEK 293 cells bound and internalized recombinant and plasma-derived FVIII through VWF-dependent and independent mechanisms. CLEC4M binding to recombinant FVIII was dependent on mannose-exposed N-linked glycans. CLEC4M mediated FVIII internalization via a clathrin-coated pit-dependent mechanism, resulting in transport of FVIII from early and late endosomes for catabolism by lysosomes. In vivo hepatic expression of CLEC4M after hydrodynamic liver transfer was associated with a decrease in plasma levels of endogenous murine FVIII:C in normal mice, whereas infused recombinant human FVIII was associated with sinusoidal endothelial cells in the presence or absence of VWF. Conclusions These findings suggest that CLEC4M is a novel clearance receptor that interacts with mannose-exposed glycans on FVIII in the presence or absence of VWF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Swystun
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Colleen Notley
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ilinca Georgescu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jesse D Lai
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kate Nesbitt
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Paula D James
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - David Lillicrap
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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18
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Elbere I, Silamikelis I, Ustinova M, Kalnina I, Zaharenko L, Peculis R, Konrade I, Ciuculete DM, Zhukovsky C, Gudra D, Radovica-Spalvina I, Fridmanis D, Pirags V, Schiöth HB, Klovins J. Significantly altered peripheral blood cell DNA methylation profile as a result of immediate effect of metformin use in healthy individuals. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:156. [PMID: 30545422 PMCID: PMC6293577 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin is a widely prescribed antihyperglycemic agent that has been also associated with multiple therapeutic effects in various diseases, including several types of malignancies. There is growing evidence regarding the contribution of the epigenetic mechanisms in reaching metformin's therapeutic goals; however, the effect of metformin on human cells in vivo is not comprehensively studied. The aim of our study was to examine metformin-induced alterations of DNA methylation profiles in white blood cells of healthy volunteers, employing a longitudinal study design. RESULTS Twelve healthy metformin-naïve individuals where enrolled in the study. Genome-wide DNA methylation pattern was estimated at baseline, 10 h and 7 days after the start of metformin administration. The whole-genome DNA methylation analysis in total revealed 125 differentially methylated CpGs, of which 11 CpGs and their associated genes with the most consistent changes in the DNA methylation profile were selected: POFUT2, CAMKK1, EML3, KIAA1614, UPF1, MUC4, LOC727982, SIX3, ADAM8, SNORD12B, VPS8, and several differentially methylated regions as novel potential epigenetic targets of metformin. The main functions of the majority of top-ranked differentially methylated loci and their representative cell signaling pathways were linked to the well-known metformin therapy targets: regulatory processes of energy homeostasis, inflammatory responses, tumorigenesis, and neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSIONS Here we demonstrate for the first time the immediate effect of short-term metformin administration at therapeutic doses on epigenetic regulation in human white blood cells. These findings suggest the DNA methylation process as one of the mechanisms involved in the action of metformin, thereby revealing novel targets and directions of the molecular mechanisms underlying the various beneficial effects of metformin. TRIAL REGISTRATION EU Clinical Trials Register, 2016-001092-74. Registered 23 March 2017, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2016-001092-74/LV .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Elbere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ivars Silamikelis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Monta Ustinova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ineta Kalnina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Linda Zaharenko
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Raitis Peculis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ilze Konrade
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, 2 Hipokrata Street, Riga, LV-1038, Latvia
| | - Diana Maria Ciuculete
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christina Zhukovsky
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dita Gudra
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ilze Radovica-Spalvina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Davids Fridmanis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Valdis Pirags
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Janis Klovins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
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19
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Swystun LL, Lillicrap D. Genetic regulation of plasma von Willebrand factor levels in health and disease. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:2375-2390. [PMID: 30246494 PMCID: PMC7147242 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasma levels of the multimeric glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) constitute a complex quantitative trait with a continuous distribution and wide range in the normal population (50-200%). Quantitative deficiencies of VWF (< 50%) are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, whereas high plasma levels of VWF (> 150%) influence the risk of arterial and venous thromboembolism. Although environmental factors can strongly influence plasma VWF levels, it is estimated that approximately 65% of this variability is heritable. Interestingly, although variability in VWF can account for ~ 5% of the genetic influence on plasma VWF levels, other genetic loci also strongly modify plasma VWF levels. The identification of the additional sources of VWF heritability has been the focus of recent observational trait-mapping studies, including genome-wide association studies or linkage analyses, as well as hypothesis-driven research studies. Quantitative trait loci influencing VWF glycosylation, secretion and clearance have been associated with plasma VWF antigen levels in normal individuals, and may contribute to quantitative VWF abnormalities in patients with a thrombotic tendency or type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD). The identification of genetic modifiers of plasma VWF levels may allow for better molecular diagnosis of type 1 VWD, and enable the identification of individuals at increased risk for thrombosis. Validation of trait-mapping studies with in vitro and in vivo methodologies has led to novel insights into the life cycle of VWF and the pathogenesis of quantitative VWF abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Swystun
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Lillicrap
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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20
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The common VWF single nucleotide variants c.2365A>G and c.2385T>C modify VWF biosynthesis and clearance. Blood Adv 2018; 2:1585-1594. [PMID: 29980574 PMCID: PMC6039659 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017011643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF) vary considerably in the general population and this variation has been linked to several genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors include 2 common single nucleotide variants (SNVs) located in VWF, rs1063856 (c.2365A>G) and rs1063857 (c.2385T>C), although to date the mechanistic basis for their association with VWF level is unknown. Using genotypic/phenotypic information from a European healthy control population, in vitro analyses of recombinant VWF expressing both SNVs, and in vivo murine models, this study determined the precise nature of their association with VWF level and investigated the mechanism(s) involved. Possession of either SNV corresponded with a significant increase in plasma VWF in healthy controls (P < .0001). In vitro expression confirmed this observation and highlighted an independent effect for each SNV (P < .0001 and P < .01, respectively), despite close proximity and strong linkage disequilibrium between them both. The influence of c.2365A>G on VWF levels was also confirmed in vivo. This increase in VWF protein corresponded to an increase in VWF messenger RNA (mRNA) resulting, in part, from prolonged mRNA half-life. In addition, coinheritance of both SNVs was associated with a lower VWF propeptide-to-VWF antigen ratio in healthy controls (P < .05) and a longer VWF half-life in VWF knockout mice (P < .0001). Both SNVs therefore directly increase VWF plasma levels through a combined influence on VWF biosynthesis and clearance, and may have an impact on disease phenotype in both hemostatic and thrombotic disorders.
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21
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Buchtele N, Schwameis M, Gilbert JC, Schörgenhofer C, Jilma B. Targeting von Willebrand Factor in Ischaemic Stroke: Focus on Clinical Evidence. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:959-978. [PMID: 29847840 PMCID: PMC6193403 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1648251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite great efforts in stroke research, disability and recurrence rates in ischaemic stroke remain unacceptably high. To address this issue, one potential target for novel therapeutics is the glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (vWF), which increases in thrombogenicity especially under high shear rates as it bridges between vascular sub-endothelial collagen and platelets. The rationale for vWF as a potential target in stroke comes from four bodies of evidence. (1) Animal models which recapitulate the pathogenesis of stroke and validate the concept of targeting vWF for stroke prevention and the use of the vWF cleavage enzyme ADAMTS13 in acute stroke treatment. (2) Extensive epidemiologic data establishing the prognostic role of vWF in the clinical setting showing that high vWF levels are associated with an increased risk of first stroke, stroke recurrence or stroke-associated mortality. As such, vWF levels may be a suitable marker for further risk stratification to potentially fine-tune current risk prediction models which are mainly based on clinical and imaging data. (3) Genetic studies showing an association between vWF levels and stroke risk on genomic levels. Finally, (4) studies of patients with primary disorders of excess or deficiency of function in the vWF axis (e.g. thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and von Willebrand disease, respectively) which demonstrate the crucial role of vWF in atherothrombosis. Therapeutic inhibition of VWF by novel agents appears particularly promising for secondary prevention of stroke recurrence in specific sub-groups of patients such as those suffering from large artery atherosclerosis, as designated according to the TOAST classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Buchtele
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schwameis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - James C Gilbert
- Band Therapeutics, LLC, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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22
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Manderstedt E, Lind-Halldén C, Lethagen S, Halldén C. Genetic variation in the C-type lectin receptor CLEC4M in type 1 von Willebrand Disease patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192024. [PMID: 29389944 PMCID: PMC5794141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels in healthy individuals and in patients with type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD) are influenced by genetic variation in several genes, e.g. VWF, ABO, STXBP5 and CLEC4M. This study aims to screen comprehensively for CLEC4M variants and investigate their association with type 1 VWD in the Swedish population. In order to screen for CLEC4M variants, the CLEC4M gene region was re-sequenced and the polymorphic neck region was genotyped in 106 type 1 VWD patients from unrelated type 1 VWD families. Single nucleotide variants (SNV) and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) allele and genotype frequencies were then compared with 294 individuals from the 1000Genomes project and 436 Swedish control individuals. Re-sequencing identified a total of 42 SNVs. Rare variants showed no accumulation in type 1 VWD patients and are not thought to contribute substantially to type 1 VWD. The only missense mutation (rs2277998, NP_001138379.1:p.Asp224Asn) had a higher frequency in type 1 VWD patients than in controls (4.9%). The VNTR genotypes 57 and 67 were observed at higher frequencies than expected in type 1 VWD patients (6.4% and 6.2%) and showed an increase in patients compared with controls (7.4% and 3.1%). Strong linkage disequilibrium in the CLEC4M region makes it difficult to distinguish between the effect of the missense mutation and the VNTR genotypes. In conclusion, heterozygous VNTR genotypes 57 and 67 of CLEC4M were highly enriched and are the most likely mechanism through which CLEC4M contributes to disease in the Swedish type 1 VWD population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefan Lethagen
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Sobi, Stockholm, Sweden
- Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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23
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Zhao JV, Schooling CM. Coagulation Factors and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2018; 11:e001956. [PMID: 29874180 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.117.001956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coagulation plays a role in ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, which coagulation factors are targets of intervention is unclear. We assessed how genetically predicted vWF (von Willebrand factor), ETP (endogenous thrombin potential), FVIII (factor VIII), d-dimer, tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator), and PAI (plasminogen activator inhibitor)-1 affected IHD. We similarly estimated effects on lipids to determine whether any associations were independent of lipids. METHODS AND RESULTS Separate sample instrumental variable analysis with genetic instruments, that is, Mendelian randomization, was used to obtain unconfounded estimates of effects on IHD using extensively genotyped studies of coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction, CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Metabochip (64 374 cases, 130 681 controls) and CARDIoGRAMplusC4D 1000 Genomes (60 801 cases, 123 504 controls), and on lipids using the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium Results (n=196 475). Genetically predicted ETP was positively associated with IHD (odds ratio, 1.05 per log-transformed SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.07) based on 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, as were vWF (odds ratio, 1.05 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.08) and FVIII (odds ratio, 1.06 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.09) based on 16 and 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively, but the latter associations were null after considering pleiotropy. vWF and FVIII were associated with higher LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, but not after considering pleiotropy. Genetically predicted d-dimer, tPA, and PAI-1 were not clearly associated with IHD or lipids based on 3, 3, and 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS ETP may affect IHD. Assessing the role of its drivers in more precisely phenotyped studies of IHD could be worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie V Zhao
- From School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China (J.V.Z., C.M.S.); and City University of New York School of Public Health and Health Policy (C.M.S.).
| | - C Mary Schooling
- From School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China (J.V.Z., C.M.S.); and City University of New York School of Public Health and Health Policy (C.M.S.).
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24
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Pezeshkpoor B, Pavlova A, Oldenburg J, El-Maarri O. F8 genetic analysis strategies when standard approaches fail. Hamostaseologie 2017; 34:167-73. [DOI: 10.5482/hamo-13-08-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryHaemophilia A is a common X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in F8 leading to deficiency or dysfunction of coagulant factor VIII (FVIII). Despite tremendous improvements in mutation screening methods, in a small group of patients with FVIII deficiency suffering from haemophilia A, no DNA change can be found. In these patients, analysis reveals no causal mutations even after sequencing the whole coding region of F8 including the flanking splice sites, as well as the promoter and the 3’ untranslated region (UTR). After excluding the mutations mimicking the haemophilia A phenotype in interacting partners of the FVIII protein affecting the half life and transport of the protein, mutations or rearrangements in non-coding regions of F8 have to be considered responsible for the haemophilia A phenotype.In this review, we present the experiences with molecular diagnosis of such cases and approaches to be applied for mutation negative patients.
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25
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Truong V, Huang S, Dennis J, Lemire M, Zwingerman N, Aïssi D, Kassam I, Perret C, Wells P, Morange PE, Wilson M, Trégouët DA, Gagnon F. Blood triglyceride levels are associated with DNA methylation at the serine metabolism gene PHGDH. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11207. [PMID: 28894120 PMCID: PMC5593822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient interventions to reduce blood triglycerides are few; newer and more tolerable intervention targets are needed. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying blood triglyceride levels variation is key to identifying new therapies. To explore the role of epigenetic mechanisms on triglyceride levels, a blood methylome scan was conducted in 199 individuals from 5 French-Canadian families ascertained on venous thromboembolism, and findings were replicated in 324 French unrelated patients with venous thromboembolism. Genetic context and functional relevance were investigated. Two DNA methylation sites associated with triglyceride levels were identified. The first one, located in the ABCG1 gene, was recently reported, whereas the second one, located in the promoter of the PHGDH gene, is novel. The PHGDH methylation site, cg14476101, was found to be associated with variation in triglyceride levels in a threshold manner: cg14476101 was inversely associated with triglyceride levels only when triglyceride levels were above 1.12 mmol/L (discovery P-value = 8.4 × 10-6; replication P-value = 0.0091). Public databases findings supported a functional role of cg14476101 on PHGDH expression. PHGDH catalyses the first step in the serine biosynthesis pathway. These findings highlight the role of epigenetic regulation of the PHGDH gene in triglyceride metabolism, providing novel insights on putative intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Truong
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Siying Huang
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jessica Dennis
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Nora Zwingerman
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Irfahan Kassam
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claire Perret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Philip Wells
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Michael Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Hartholt RB, van Velzen AS, Peyron I, Ten Brinke A, Fijnvandraat K, Voorberg J. To serve and protect: The modulatory role of von Willebrand factor on factor VIII immunogenicity. Blood Rev 2017; 31:339-347. [PMID: 28716211 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hemophilia A is a bleeding disorder characterized by the absence or dysfunction of blood coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Patients are treated with regular infusions of FVIII concentrate. In response to treatment, approximately 30% of patients with severe hemophilia A develop inhibitory antibodies targeting FVIII. Both patient and treatment related risk factors for inhibitor development have been described. Multiple studies comparing the immunogenicity of recombinant and plasma-derived FVIII have yielded conflicting results. The randomized controlled SIPPET (Survey of Inhibitors in Plasma-Product Exposed Toddlers) trial demonstrated an increased risk of inhibitor development of recombinant FVIII when compared to von Willebrand factor (VWF)-containing plasma-derived FVIII. Presently, it is unclear which mechanism underlies the reduced immunogenicity of plasma-derived FVIII. In this review we address the potential role of VWF on FVIII immunogenicity and we discuss how VWF affects the immune recognition, processing and presentation of FVIII. We also briefly discuss the potential impact of glycan-composition on FVIII immunogenicity. It is well established that VWF shields the uptake of FVIII by antigen presenting cells. We have recently shown that VWF binds to the surface of dendritic cells. Here, we present a novel model in which surface bound FVIII-VWF complexes regulate the internalization of FVIII. Binding of FVIII to VWF is critically dependent on sulfation of Tyr1699 (HVGS numbering) in the light chain of FVIII. Incomplete sulfation of Tyr1699 has been suggested to occur in several recombinant FVIII products resulting in a loss of VWF binding. We hypothesize that this results in alternative pathways of FVIII internalization by antigen presenting cells which are not regulated by VWF. This hypothetical mechanism may explain the reduced immunogenicity of VWF containing plasma-derived FVIII concentrates as found in the SIPPET study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin B Hartholt
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alice S van Velzen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ivan Peyron
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anja Ten Brinke
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Karin Fijnvandraat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Voorberg
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zwingerman N, Medina-Rivera A, Kassam I, Wilson MD, Morange PE, Trégouët DA, Gagnon F. Sex-specific effect of CPB2 Ala147Thr but not Thr325Ile variants on the risk of venous thrombosis: A comprehensive meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177768. [PMID: 28552956 PMCID: PMC5446132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), encoded by the Carboxypeptidase B2 gene (CPB2), is an inhibitor of fibrinolysis and plays a role in the pathogenesis of venous thrombosis. Experimental findings support a functional role of genetic variants in CPB2, while epidemiological studies have been unable to confirm associations with risk of venous thrombosis. Sex-specific effects could underlie the observed inconsistent associations between CPB2 genetic variants and venous thrombosis. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted for associations between Ala147Thr and Thr325Ile variants with venous thrombosis. Authors were contacted to provide sex-specific genotype counts from their studies. Combined and sex-specific random effects meta-analyses were used to estimate a pooled effect estimate for primary and secondary genetic models. RESULTS A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. A sex-specific meta-analysis applying a dominant model supported a protective effect of Ala147Thr on venous thrombosis in females (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.68,0.97; p = 0.018), but not in males (OR = 1.06, 95%CI:0.96-1.16; p = 0.263). The Thr325Ile did not show a sex-specific effect but showed variation in allele frequencies by geographic region. A subgroup analysis of studies in European countries showed decreased risk, with a recessive model (OR = 0.83, 95%CI:0.71-0.97, p = 0.021) for venous thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive literature review, including unpublished data, provided greater statistical power for the analyses and decreased the likelihood of publication bias influencing the results. Sex-specific analyses explained apparent discrepancies across genetic studies of Ala147Thr and venous thrombosis. While, careful selection of genetic models based on population genetics, evolutionary and biological knowledge can increase power by decreasing the need to adjust for testing multiple models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Zwingerman
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alejandra Medina-Rivera
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Irfahan Kassam
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael D. Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) en Santé 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, Paris, France
- Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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28
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Williams SR, Hsu FC, Keene KL, Chen WM, Dzhivhuho G, Rowles JL, Southerland AM, Furie KL, Rich SS, Worrall BB, Sale MM. Genetic Drivers of von Willebrand Factor Levels in an Ischemic Stroke Population and Association With Risk for Recurrent Stroke. Stroke 2017; 48:1444-1450. [PMID: 28495826 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.015677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE von Willebrand factor (vWF) plays an important role in thrombus formation during cerebrovascular damage. We sought to investigate the potential role of circulating vWF in recurrent cerebrovascular events and identify genetic contributors to variation in vWF level in an ischemic stroke population. METHODS We analyzed the effect of circulating vWF on risk of recurrent stroke using survival models in the VISP trial (Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention) and the use of vWF in reclassification over traditional factors. We conducted a genome-wide association study) with imputation, based on 1000 Genomes Project data, for circulating vWF levels and then interrogated loci previously associated with vWF levels. We performed expression quantitative trait locus analysis for vWF across different tissues. RESULTS Elevated vWF levels were associated with increased risk for recurrent stroke in VISP. Adding vWF to traditional clinical parameters also improved recurrent stroke risk prediction. We identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with circulating vWF at the ABO locus (P<5×10-8) and replicated findings from previous genetic associations of vWF levels in humans. Expression quantitative trait locus analyses demonstrate that most associated ABO single-nucleotide polymorphisms were also associated with vWF gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Elevated vWF levels are associated with recurrent stroke in VISP. In the VISP population, genetic determinants of vWF levels that impact vWF gene expression were identified. These data add to our knowledge of the pathophysiologic and genetic basis for recurrent stroke risk and may have implications for clinical care decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Williams
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Keith L Keene
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Godfrey Dzhivhuho
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Joe L Rowles
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Andrew M Southerland
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Karen L Furie
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Stephen S Rich
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Bradford B Worrall
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.)
| | - Michèle M Sale
- From the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (F.C.H.); Department of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., A.M.S., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), Department of Neurology (S.R.W., A.M.S., B.B.W.), and Center for Public Health Genomics (W.M.C., S.S.R., B.B.W., M.M.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Biology (K.L.K.) and Center for Health Disparities (K.L.K.), East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (G.D.); Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (J.L.R.); and Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence (K.L.F.).
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29
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Dennis J, Medina-Rivera A, Truong V, Antounians L, Zwingerman N, Carrasco G, Strug L, Wells P, Trégouët DA, Morange PE, Wilson MD, Gagnon F. Leveraging cell type specific regulatory regions to detect SNPs associated with tissue factor pathway inhibitor plasma levels. Genet Epidemiol 2017; 41:455-466. [PMID: 28421636 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) regulates the formation of intravascular blood clots, which manifest clinically as ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). TFPI plasma levels are heritable, but the genetics underlying TFPI plasma level variability are poorly understood. Herein we report the first genome-wide association scan (GWAS) of TFPI plasma levels, conducted in 251 individuals from five extended French-Canadian Families ascertained on VTE. To improve discovery, we also applied a hypothesis-driven (HD) GWAS approach that prioritized single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in (1) hemostasis pathway genes, and (2) vascular endothelial cell (EC) regulatory regions, which are among the highest expressers of TFPI. Our GWAS identified 131 SNPs with suggestive evidence of association (P-value < 5 × 10-8 ), but no SNPs reached the genome-wide threshold for statistical significance. Hemostasis pathway genes were not enriched for TFPI plasma level associated SNPs (global hypothesis test P-value = 0.147), but EC regulatory regions contained more TFPI plasma level associated SNPs than expected by chance (global hypothesis test P-value = 0.046). We therefore stratified our genome-wide SNPs, prioritizing those in EC regulatory regions via stratified false discovery rate (sFDR) control, and reranked the SNPs by q-value. The minimum q-value was 0.27, and the top-ranked SNPs did not show association evidence in the MARTHA replication sample of 1,033 unrelated VTE cases. Although this study did not result in new loci for TFPI, our work lays out a strategy to utilize epigenomic data in prioritization schemes for future GWAS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Dennis
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alejandra Medina-Rivera
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Vinh Truong
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lina Antounians
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nora Zwingerman
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Giovana Carrasco
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Lisa Strug
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Phil Wells
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Paris, France.,ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Marseille, France.,Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Heart & Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - France Gagnon
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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30
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Zhu QM, Ko KA, Ture S, Mastrangelo MA, Chen MH, Johnson AD, O'Donnell CJ, Morrell CN, Miano JM, Lowenstein CJ. Novel Thrombotic Function of a Human SNP in STXBP5 Revealed by CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:264-270. [PMID: 28062498 PMCID: PMC5269475 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and characterize the effect of a SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) in the STXBP5 locus that is associated with altered thrombosis in humans. GWAS (genome-wide association studies) have identified numerous SNPs associated with human thrombotic phenotypes, but determining the functional significance of an individual candidate SNP can be challenging, particularly when in vivo modeling is required. Recent GWAS led to the discovery of STXBP5 as a regulator of platelet secretion in humans. Further clinical studies have identified genetic variants of STXBP5 that are linked to altered plasma von Willebrand factor levels and thrombosis in humans, but the functional significance of these variants in STXBP5 is not understood. APPROACH AND RESULTS We used CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated 9) techniques to produce a precise mouse model carrying a human coding SNP rs1039084 (encoding human p. N436S) in the STXBP5 locus associated with decreased thrombosis. Mice carrying the orthologous human mutation (encoding p. N437S in mouse STXBP5) have lower plasma von Willebrand factor levels, decreased thrombosis, and decreased platelet secretion compared with wild-type mice. This thrombosis phenotype recapitulates the phenotype of humans carrying the minor allele of rs1039084. Decreased plasma von Willebrand factor and platelet activation may partially explain the decreased thrombotic phenotype in mutant mice. CONCLUSIONS Using precise mammalian genome editing, we have identified a human nonsynonymous SNP rs1039084 in the STXBP5 locus as a causal variant for a decreased thrombotic phenotype. CRISPR/Cas9 genetic editing facilitates the rapid and efficient generation of animals to study the function of human genetic variation in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Martin Zhu
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Sara Ture
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Michael A Mastrangelo
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Craig N Morrell
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Joseph M Miano
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.)
| | - Charles J Lowenstein
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (Q.M.Z., K.A.K., S.T., M.A.M., C.N.M., J.M.M., C.J.L.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, and NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.D.); and Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.J.O.D.).
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Dennis J, Truong V, Aïssi D, Medina-Rivera A, Blankenberg S, Germain M, Lemire M, Antounians L, Civelek M, Schnabel R, Wells P, Wilson MD, Morange PE, Trégouët DA, Gagnon F. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in an intergenic chromosome 2q region associated with tissue factor pathway inhibitor plasma levels and venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1960-1970. [PMID: 27490645 PMCID: PMC6544906 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) regulates the blood coagulation cascade. We replicated previously reported linkage of TFPI plasma levels to the chromosome 2q region. The putative causal locus, rs62187992, was associated with TFPI plasma levels and thrombosis. rs62187992 was marginally associated with TFPI expression in human aortic endothelial cells. Click to hear Ann Gil's presentation on new insights into thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor SUMMARY: Background Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) regulates fibrin clot formation, and low TFPI plasma levels increase the risk of arterial thromboembolism and venous thromboembolism (VTE). TFPI plasma levels are also heritable, and a previous linkage scan implicated the chromosome 2q region, but no specific genes. Objectives To replicate the finding of the linkage region in an independent sample, and to identify the causal locus. Methods We first performed a linkage analysis of microsatellite markers and TFPI plasma levels in 251 individuals from the F5L Family Study, and replicated the finding of the linkage peak on chromosome 2q (LOD = 3.06). We next defined a follow-up region that included 112 603 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) under the linkage peak, and meta-analyzed associations between these SNPs and TFPI plasma levels across the F5L Family Study and the Marseille Thrombosis Association (MARTHA) Study, a study of 1033 unrelated VTE patients. SNPs with false discovery rate q-values of < 0.10 were tested for association with TFPI plasma levels in 892 patients with coronary artery disease in the AtheroGene Study. Results and Conclusions One SNP, rs62187992, was associated with TFPI plasma levels in all three samples (β = + 0.14 and P = 4.23 × 10-6 combined; β = + 0.16 and P = 0.02 in the F5L Family Study; β = + 0.13 and P = 6.3 × 10-4 in the MARTHA Study; β = + 0.17 and P = 0.03 in the AtheroGene Study), and contributed to the linkage peak in the F5L Family Study. rs62187992 was also associated with clinical VTE (odds ratio 0.90, P = 0.03) in the INVENT Consortium of > 7000 cases and their controls, and was marginally associated with TFPI expression (β = + 0.19, P = 0.08) in human aortic endothelial cells, a primary site of TFPI synthesis. The biological mechanisms underlying these associations remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dennis
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Truong
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - A Medina-Rivera
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Blankenberg
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Germain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - M Lemire
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Antounians
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R Schnabel
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Wells
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M D Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P-E Morange
- INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Marseille, France
- Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - D-A Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - F Gagnon
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW New DNA genotyping and sequencing technologies have facilitated the rapid advancement in our knowledge of human genomic variation and a search for the heritable determinants of complex genetic traits. This review highlights findings from recent genetic studies of complex traits primarily related to venous thromboembolism and provides tools to understand and interpret genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing studies. RECENT FINDINGS Genome-wide studies of venous thromboembolic disease and the variation of the protein components of the hemostatic system have been reported. The results of these studies have suggested that variants in a diverse set of known and new genes contribute to the heritability of these traits, but that many of the genetic determinants of these traits still remain undiscovered. SUMMARY Next-generation sequencing studies and functional studies of the gene loci that contribute to hemostatic traits are currently underway. Future studies that explore the role of rare genetic variants, regulatory elements of the genome and gene-gene interactions will be required for a more complete understanding of the genetic control of the hemostatic system and for the application of this knowledge to the care of patients with disorders of thrombosis and hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl C Desch
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Yin J, Ruan C. [The research progress of Von Willebrand disease]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:616-9. [PMID: 26304092 PMCID: PMC7342647 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Changgeng Ruan
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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van der Flier A, Liu Z, Tan S, Chen K, Drager D, Liu T, Patarroyo-White S, Jiang H, Light DR. FcRn Rescues Recombinant Factor VIII Fc Fusion Protein from a VWF Independent FVIII Clearance Pathway in Mouse Hepatocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124930. [PMID: 25905473 PMCID: PMC4408089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently developed a longer lasting recombinant factor VIII-Fc fusion protein, rFVIIIFc, to extend the half-life of replacement FVIII for the treatment of people with hemophilia A. In order to elucidate the biological mechanism for the elongated half-life of rFVIIIFc at a cellular level we delineated the roles of VWF and the tissue-specific expression of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in the biodistribution, clearance and cycling of rFVIIIFc. We find the tissue biodistribution is similar for rFVIIIFc and rFVIII and that liver is the major clearance organ for both molecules. VWF reduces the clearance and the initial liver uptake of rFVIIIFc. Pharmacokinetic studies in FcRn chimeric mice show that FcRn expressed in somatic cells (hepatocytes or liver sinusoidal endothelial cells) mediates the decreased clearance of rFVIIIFc, but FcRn in hematopoietic cells (Kupffer cells) does not affect clearance. Immunohistochemical studies show that when rFVIII or rFVIIIFc is in dynamic equilibrium binding with VWF, they mostly co localize with VWF in Kupffer cells and macrophages, confirming a major role for liver macrophages in the internalization and clearance of the VWF-FVIII complex. In the absence of VWF a clear difference in cellular localization of VWF-free rFVIII and rFVIIIFc is observed and neither molecule is detected in Kupffer cells. Instead, rFVIII is observed in hepatocytes, indicating that free rFVIII is cleared by hepatocytes, while rFVIIIFc is observed as a diffuse liver sinusoidal staining, suggesting recycling of free-rFVIIIFc out of hepatocytes. These studies reveal two parallel linked clearance pathways, with a dominant pathway in which both rFVIIIFc and rFVIII complexed with VWF are cleared mainly by Kupffer cells without FcRn cycling. In contrast, the free fraction of rFVIII or rFVIIIFc unbound by VWF enters hepatocytes, where FcRn reduces the degradation and clearance of rFVIIIFc relative to rFVIII by cycling rFVIIIFc back to the liver sinusoid and into circulation, enabling the elongated half-life of rFVIIIFc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan van der Flier
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | - Zhan Liu
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | - Siyuan Tan
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | - Kai Chen
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | - Douglas Drager
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | - Tongyao Liu
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | | | - Haiyan Jiang
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
| | - David R. Light
- Hematology Research, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachussets, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mannhalter C. Biomarkers for arterial and venous thrombotic disorders. Hamostaseologie 2015; 34:115-20, 122-6, 128-30, passim. [PMID: 24819458 DOI: 10.5482/hamo-13-08-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The haemostatic system maintains the blood in a fluid state, but allows rapid clot formation at sites of vascular injury to prevent excessive bleeding. Unbalances within the haemostatic system can lead to thrombosis. Inspite of successful research our understanding of the disease pathogenesis is still incomplete. There is great hope that genetic, genomic, and epigenetic discoveries will enhance the diagnostic capability, and improve the treatment options. During the preceding 20 years, the identification of polymorphisms and the elucidation of their role in arterial and venous thromboses became an important area of research. Today, a large body of data is available regarding associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with plasma concentrations and e. g. the risk of ischaemic stroke or myocardial infarction. However, the results for individual polymorphisms and genes are often controversial. It is now well established that besides acquired also hereditary risk factors influence the occurrence of thrombotic events, and environmental factors may add to this risk. Currently available statistical methods are only able to identify combined risk genotypes if very large patient collectives (>10,000 cases) are tested, and appropriate algorithms to evaluate the data have yet to be developed. Further research is needed to understand the functional effects of genetic variants in genes of blood coagulation proteins that are critical to the pathogenesis of arterial and venous thrombotic disorders. In this review genetic variants in selected genes of the haemostatic system and their relevance for arterial and venous thrombosis will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mannhalter
- Univ.-Prof. Dr. Christine Mannhalter Dept. Laboratory Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Tel. +43/1/404 00 20 85, Fax +43/1/404 00 20 97, E-mail:
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36
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Hermanns MI, Grossmann V, Spronk HMH, Schulz A, Jünger C, Laubert-Reh D, Mazur J, Gori T, Zeller T, Pfeiffer N, Beutel M, Blankenberg S, Münzel T, Lackner KJ, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ, Ten Cate H, Wild PS. Distribution, genetic and cardiovascular determinants of FVIII:c - Data from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Int J Cardiol 2015; 187:166-74. [PMID: 25828346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of FVIII c are associated with risk for both venous and arterial thromboembolism. However, no population-based study on the sex-specific distribution and reference ranges of plasma FVIII c and its cardiovascular determinants is available. METHODS FVIII c was analyzed in a randomly selected sample of 2533 males and 2440 females from the Gutenberg Health Study in Germany. Multivariable regression analyses for FVIII c were performed under adjustment for genetic determinants, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Females (126.6% (95% CI: 125.2/128)) showed higher FVIII c levels than males (121.2% (119.8/122.7)). FVIII c levels increased with age in both sexes (ß per decade: 5.67% (4.22/7.13) male, 6.15% (4.72/7.57) female; p<0.001). Sex-specific reference limits and categories indicating the grade of deviation from the reference were calculated, and nomograms for FVIII c were created. FVIII c was approximately 25% higher in individuals with non-O blood type. Adjusted for sex and age, ABO-blood group accounted for 18.3% of FVIII c variation. In multivariable analysis, FVIII c was notably positively associated with diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia and negatively with current smoking. In a fully adjusted multivariable model, the strongest associations observed were of elevated FVIII c with diabetes and peripheral artery disease in both sexes and with obesity in males. Effects of SNPs in the vWF, STAB2 and SCARA5 gene were stronger in females than in males. The use of nomograms for valuation of FVIII c might be useful to identify high-risk cohorts for thromboembolism. Additionally, the prospective evaluation of FVIII c as a risk predictor becomes feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iris Hermanns
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Vera Grossmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Henri M H Spronk
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Claus Jünger
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Dagmar Laubert-Reh
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Johanna Mazur
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Tommaso Gori
- Dept. of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Dept. of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Arina J Ten Cate-Hoek
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany; Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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Aïssi D, Dennis J, Ladouceur M, Truong V, Zwingerman N, Rocanin-Arjo A, Germain M, Paton TA, Morange PE, Gagnon F, Trégouët DA. Genome-wide investigation of DNA methylation marks associated with FV Leiden mutation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108087. [PMID: 25265411 PMCID: PMC4179266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate whether DNA methylation marks could contribute to the incomplete penetrance of the FV Leiden mutation, a major genetic risk factor for venous thrombosis (VT), we measured genome-wide DNA methylation levels in peripheral blood samples of 98 VT patients carrying the mutation and 251 VT patients without the mutation using the dedicated Illumina HumanMethylation450 array. The genome-wide analysis of 388,120 CpG probes identified three sites mapping to the SLC19A2 locus whose DNA methylation levels differed significantly (p<3 10-8) between carriers and non-carriers. The three sites replicated (p<2 10-7) in an independent sample of 214 individuals from five large families ascertained on VT and FV Leiden mutation among which 53 were carriers and 161 were non-carriers of the mutation. In both studies, these three CpG sites were also associated (2.33 10-11 0.05). In conclusion, our work clearly illustrates some promises and pitfalls of DNA methylation investigations on peripheral blood DNA in large epidemiological cohorts. DNA methylation levels at SLC19A2 are influenced by SNPs in LD with FV Leiden, but these DNA methylation marks do not explain the incomplete penetrance of the FV Leiden mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Dennis
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Martin Ladouceur
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre de Recherches du CHUM, Montréal, Canada
| | - Vinh Truong
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nora Zwingerman
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ares Rocanin-Arjo
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Marine Germain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Tara A. Paton
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Aix-Marseille University, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille, France
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
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Ye S, Huang Y, Joshi S, Zhang J, Yang F, Zhang G, Smyth SS, Li Z, Takai Y, Whiteheart SW. Platelet secretion and hemostasis require syntaxin-binding protein STXBP5. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4517-28. [PMID: 25244094 DOI: 10.1172/jci75572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked genes encoding several soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) regulators to cardiovascular disease risk factors. Because these regulatory proteins may directly affect platelet secretion, we used SNARE-containing complexes to affinity purify potential regulators from human platelet extracts. Syntaxin-binding protein 5 (STXBP5; also known as tomosyn-1) was identified by mass spectrometry, and its expression in isolated platelets was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Coimmunoprecipitation studies showed that STXBP5 interacts with core secretion machinery complexes, such as syntaxin-11/SNAP23 heterodimers, and fractionation studies suggested that STXBP5 also interacts with the platelet cytoskeleton. Platelets from Stxbp5 KO mice had normal expression of other key secretory components; however, stimulation-dependent secretion from each of the 3 granule types was markedly defective. Secretion defects in STXBP5-deficient platelets were confirmed via lumi-aggregometry and FACS analysis for P-selectin and LAMP-1 exposure. Interestingly, STXBP5-deficient platelets had altered granule cargo levels, despite having normal morphology and granule numbers. Consistent with secretion and cargo deficiencies, Stxbp5 KO mice showed dramatic bleeding in the tail transection model and defective hemostasis in the FeCl3-induced carotid injury model. Transplantation experiments indicated that these defects were due to loss of STXBP5 in BM-derived cells. Our data demonstrate that STXBP5 is required for normal arterial hemostasis, due to its contributions to platelet granule cargo packaging and secretion.
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Zhu Q, Yamakuchi M, Ture S, de la Luz Garcia-Hernandez M, Ko KA, Modjeski KL, LoMonaco MB, Johnson AD, O'Donnell CJ, Takai Y, Morrell CN, Lowenstein CJ. Syntaxin-binding protein STXBP5 inhibits endothelial exocytosis and promotes platelet secretion. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4503-16. [PMID: 25244095 DOI: 10.1172/jci71245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, vWF levels predict the risk of myocardial infarction and thrombosis; however, the factors that influence vWF levels are not completely understood. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified syntaxin-binding protein 5 (STXBP5) as a candidate gene linked to changes in vWF plasma levels, though the functional relationship between STXBP5 and vWF is unknown. We hypothesized that STXBP5 inhibits endothelial cell exocytosis. We found that STXBP5 is expressed in human endothelial cells and colocalizes with and interacts with syntaxin 4. In human endothelial cells reduction of STXBP5 increased exocytosis of vWF and P-selectin. Mice lacking Stxbp5 had higher levels of vWF in the plasma, increased P-selectin translocation, and more platelet-endothelial interactions, which suggests that STXBP5 inhibits endothelial exocytosis. However, Stxbp5 KO mice also displayed hemostasis defects, including prolonged tail bleeding times and impaired mesenteric arteriole and carotid artery thrombosis. Furthermore, platelets from Stxbp5 KO mice had defects in platelet secretion and activation; thus, STXBP5 inhibits endothelial exocytosis but promotes platelet secretion. Our study reveals a vascular function for STXBP5, validates the functional relevance of a candidate gene identified by GWAS, and suggests that variation within STXBP5 is a genetic risk for venous thromboembolic disease.
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Lillicrap D. Syntaxin-binding protein 5 exocytosis regulation: differential role in endothelial cells and platelets. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4231-3. [PMID: 25244090 DOI: 10.1172/jci77511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Details of the pathophysiologic mechanisms that underlie complex disorders, such as the thrombo-occlusive events associated with myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism, are challenging to address. Recent advances have been made through the application of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genetic loci associated with plasma levels of procoagulant proteins and risk of thrombotic disease. GWAS have consistently identified the gene encoding syntaxin-binding protein 5 (STXBP5) in this context. STXBP5 is expressed in both endothelium and platelets, and SNPs within the STXBP5 locus have been associated with plasma levels of vWF and increased venous thrombosis risk. In this issue of the JCI, two complementary reports from the laboratories of Charles Lowenstein and Sidney Whiteheart describe studies that highlight the complexity of the function of STXBP5 in control of storage granule development and exocytosis in platelets and endothelium. Together, these studies demonstrate that STXBP5 differentially regulates exocytosis in these two cell types. While STXBP5 facilitates granule release from platelets, it inhibits secretion from the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) of endothelial cells.
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Aschard H, Vilhjálmsson BJ, Greliche N, Morange PE, Trégouët DA, Kraft P. Maximizing the power of principal-component analysis of correlated phenotypes in genome-wide association studies. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:662-76. [PMID: 24746957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Many human traits are highly correlated. This correlation can be leveraged to improve the power of genetic association tests to identify markers associated with one or more of the traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a useful tool that has been widely used for the multivariate analysis of correlated variables. PCA is usually applied as a dimension reduction method: the few top principal components (PCs) explaining most of total trait variance are tested for association with a predictor of interest, and the remaining components are not analyzed. In this study we review the theoretical basis of PCA and describe the behavior of PCA when testing for association between a SNP and correlated traits. We then use simulation to compare the power of various PCA-based strategies when analyzing up to 100 correlated traits. We show that contrary to widespread practice, testing only the top PCs often has low power, whereas combining signal across all PCs can have greater power. This power gain is primarily due to increased power to detect genetic variants with opposite effects on positively correlated traits and variants that are exclusively associated with a single trait. Relative to other methods, the combined-PC approach has close to optimal power in all scenarios considered while offering more flexibility and more robustness to potential confounders. Finally, we apply the proposed PCA strategy to the genome-wide association study of five correlated coagulation traits where we identify two candidate SNPs that were not found by the standard approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Aschard
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Bjarni J Vilhjálmsson
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nicolas Greliche
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, 75005 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Genomics and Physiopathology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, 75005 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Genomics and Physiopathology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Górnikiewicz B, Ronowicz A, Podolak J, Madanecki P, Stanisławska-Sachadyn A, Sachadyn P. Epigenetic basis of regeneration: analysis of genomic DNA methylation profiles in the MRL/MpJ mouse. DNA Res 2013; 20:605-21. [PMID: 23929942 PMCID: PMC3859327 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dst034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays essential role in cell differentiation and dedifferentiation, which are the intrinsic processes involved in regeneration. To investigate the epigenetic basis of regeneration capacity, we choose DNA methylation as one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms and the MRL/MpJ mouse as a model of mammalian regeneration known to exhibit enhanced regeneration response in different organs. We report the comparative analysis of genomic DNA methylation profiles of the MRL/MpJ and the control C57BL/6J mouse. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by microarray analysis using the Nimblegen '3 × 720 K CpG Island Plus RefSeq Promoter' platform was applied in order to carry out genome-wide DNA methylation profiling covering 20 404 promoter regions. We identified hundreds of hypo- and hypermethylated genes and CpG islands in the heart, liver, and spleen, and 37 of them in the three tissues. Decreased inter-tissue diversification and the shift of DNA methylation balance upstream the genes distinguish the genomic methylation patterns of the MRL/MpJ mouse from the C57BL/6J. Homeobox genes and a number of other genes involved in embryonic morphogenesis are significantly overrepresented among the genes hypomethylated in the MRL/MpJ mouse. These findings indicate that epigenetic patterning might be a likely molecular basis of regeneration capability in the MRL/MpJ mouse.
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Casari C, Lenting PJ, Wohner N, Christophe OD, Denis CV. Clearance of von Willebrand factor. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11 Suppl 1:202-11. [PMID: 23809124 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative deficiencies in von Willebrand factor (VWF) are associated with abnormal hemostasis that can manifest in bleeding or thrombotic complications. Consequently, many studies have endeavored to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the regulation of VWF plasma levels. This review focuses on the role of VWF clearance pathways. A summary of recent developments are provided, including results from genetic studies, the relationship between glycosylation and VWF clearance, the contribution of increased VWF clearance to the pathogenesis of von Willebrand disease and the identification of VWF clearance receptors. These different studies converge in their conclusion that VWF clearance is a complex phenomenon that involves multiple mechanisms. Deciphering how such different mechanisms coordinate their role in this process is but one of the remaining challenges. Nevertheless, a better insight into the complex clearance pathways of VWF may help us to better understand the clinical implications of aberrant clearance in the pathogenesis of von Willebrand disease and perhaps other disorders as well as aid in developing alternative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Casari
- Unit 770, INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; UMR_S 770, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Nightingale T, Cutler D. The secretion of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells; an increasingly complicated story. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11 Suppl 1:192-201. [PMID: 23809123 PMCID: PMC4255685 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays key roles in both primary and secondary hemostasis by capturing platelets and chaperoning clotting factor VIII, respectively. It is stored within the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) of endothelial cells as a highly prothrombotic protein, and its release is thus necessarily under tight control. Regulating the secretion of VWF involves multiple layers of cellular machinery that act together at different stages, leading to the exocytic fusion of WPBs with the plasma membrane and the consequent release of VWF. This review aims to provide a snapshot of the current understanding of those components, in particular the members of the Rab family, acting in the increasingly complex story of VWF secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nightingale
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
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Greliche N, Germain M, Lambert JC, Cohen W, Bertrand M, Dupuis AM, Letenneur L, Lathrop M, Amouyel P, Morange PE, Trégouët DA. A genome-wide search for common SNP x SNP interactions on the risk of venous thrombosis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 14:36. [PMID: 23509962 PMCID: PMC3607886 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous Thrombosis (VT) is a common multifactorial disease with an estimated heritability between 35% and 60%. Known genetic polymorphisms identified so far only explain ~5% of the genetic variance of the disease. This study was aimed to investigate whether pair-wise interactions between common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could exist and modulate the risk of VT. METHODS A genome-wide SNP x SNP interaction analysis on VT risk was conducted in a French case-control study and the most significant findings were tested for replication in a second independent French case-control sample. The results obtained in the two studies totaling 1,953 cases and 2,338 healthy subjects were combined into a meta-analysis. RESULTS The smallest observed p-value for interaction was p = 6.00 10(-11) but it did not pass the Bonferroni significance threshold of 1.69 10(-12) correcting for the number of investigated interactions that was 2.96 10(10). Among the 37 suggestive pair-wise interactions with p-value less than 10(-8), one was further shown to involve two SNPs, rs9804128 (IGFS21 locus) and rs4784379 (IRX3 locus) that demonstrated significant interactive effects (p = 4.83 10(-5)) on the variability of plasma Factor VIII levels, a quantitative biomarker of VT risk, in a sample of 1,091 VT patients. CONCLUSION This study, the first genome-wide SNP interaction analysis conducted so far on VT risk, suggests that common SNPs are unlikely exerting strong interactive effects on the risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Greliche
- INSERM, UMR_S 937; Institute of Cardiometabolism And Nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Paris F-75013, France
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Anderson JA, Lim W, Weitz JI. Genetics of Coagulation: What the Cardiologist Needs to Know. Can J Cardiol 2013; 29:75-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Linkage analysis identifies a locus for plasma von Willebrand factor undetected by genome-wide association. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 110:588-93. [PMID: 23267103 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1219885110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) exhibits fivefold antigen level variation across the normal human population determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Low levels of VWF are associated with bleeding and elevated levels with increased risk for thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. To identify additional genetic determinants of VWF antigen levels and to minimize the impact of age and illness-related environmental factors, we performed genome-wide association analysis in two young and healthy cohorts (n = 1,152 and n = 2,310) and identified signals at ABO (P < 7.9E-139) and VWF (P < 5.5E-16), consistent with previous reports. Additionally, linkage analysis based on sibling structure within the cohorts, identified significant signals at chromosome 2q12-2p13 (LOD score 5.3) and at the ABO locus on chromosome 9q34 (LOD score 2.9) that explained 19.2% and 24.5% of the variance in VWF levels, respectively. Given its strong effect, the linkage region on chromosome 2 could harbor a potentially important determinant of bleeding and thrombosis risk. The absence of a chromosome 2 association signal in this or previous association studies suggests a causative gene harboring many genetic variants that are individually rare, but in aggregate common. These results raise the possibility that similar loci could explain a significant portion of the "missing heritability" for other complex genetic traits.
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48
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Jenkins PV, Rawley O, Smith OP, O'Donnell JS. Elevated factor VIII levels and risk of venous thrombosis. Br J Haematol 2012; 157:653-63. [PMID: 22530883 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Modern thrombophilia testing fails to identify any underlying prothrombotic tendency in a significant number of patients presenting with objectively confirmed venous thromboemboembolism (VTE). This observation has led to a search for other novel inherited or acquired human thrombophilias. Although a number of putative mechanisms have been described, the evidence behind many of these candidates remains weak. In contrast, an increasing body of work supports the hypothesis that increased plasma factor VIII (FVIII) levels may be important in this context. An association between elevated plasma FVIII levels and VTE was first described in the Leiden Thrombophilia Study (LETS). Subsequently, these conclusions have been supported by an increasing number of independent case-control studies. Cumulatively, these studies have clearly demonstrated that high FVIII levels constitute a prevalent, dose-dependent risk factor for VTE. Furthermore, more recent studies have shown that the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis is also significantly increased in patients with high FVIII levels. In this review, we present the evidence supporting the hypothesis that elevated FVIII levels constitute a clinically important thrombophilia. In addition, we examine the biological mechanisms that may underlie persistently elevated FVIII levels, and the pathways through which high FVIII may serve to increase thrombotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vince Jenkins
- Haemostasis Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Denis CV, Lenting PJ. von Willebrand factor: at the crossroads of bleeding and thrombosis. Int J Hematol 2012; 95:353-61. [PMID: 22477538 PMCID: PMC3677142 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-012-1041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hemostasis and thrombosis represent two sides of the same coin. Hemostasis maintains blood fluidity in the vascular system while allowing for rapid thrombus formation to prevent excessive hemorrhage after blood vessel injury. Thrombosis is a pathologic extension of the normal hemostatic mechanism, occurring when unwanted clot formation develops in certain pathological situations. The molecular mechanisms underlying both phenomena are fundamentally identical. One of the key players in both processes is the plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor, which perfectly illustrates this duality between hemostatic and thrombotic mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to discuss novel findings on the role of von Willebrand factor at this interface, and how some of these findings may help develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile V Denis
- INSERM U770, 80 rue du General Leclerc, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
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50
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Oudot-Mellakh T, Cohen W, Germain M, Saut N, Kallel C, Zelenika D, Lathrop M, Trégouët DA, Morange PE. Genome wide association study for plasma levels of natural anticoagulant inhibitors and protein C anticoagulant pathway: the MARTHA project. Br J Haematol 2012; 157:230-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.09025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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