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D’Andrea P, Giampieri F, Battino M. Nutritional Modulation of Hepcidin in the Treatment of Various Anemic States. Nutrients 2023; 15:5081. [PMID: 38140340 PMCID: PMC10745534 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty years after its discovery, hepcidin is still considered the main regulator of iron homeostasis in humans. The increase in hepcidin expression drastically blocks the flow of iron, which can come from one's diet, from iron stores, and from erythrophagocytosis. Many anemic conditions are caused by non-physiologic increases in hepcidin. The sequestration of iron in the intestine and in other tissues poses worrying premises in view of discoveries about the mechanisms of ferroptosis. The nutritional treatment of these anemic states cannot ignore the nutritional modulation of hepcidin, in addition to the bioavailability of iron. This work aims to describe and summarize the few findings about the role of hepcidin in anemic diseases and ferroptosis, as well as the modulation of hepcidin levels by diet and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D’Andrea
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain;
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain;
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain;
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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2
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Messer EK, Meyer AL, Klaeske K, Sieg F, Eifert S, Schmiedel D, Haunschild J, Jawad K, Saeed D, Hildebrandt L, Borger MA, Dieterlen MT. The Impact of Obesity on T and NK Cells after LVAD Implantation. Obes Facts 2023; 16:364-373. [PMID: 37232004 PMCID: PMC10427956 DOI: 10.1159/000530174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infections are a major problem after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation that affects morbidity, mortality, and the quality of life. Obesity often increases the risk for infection. In the cohort of LVAD patients, it is unknown if obesity affects the immunological parameters involved in viral defense. Therefore, this study investigated whether overweight or obesity affects immunological parameters such as CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. METHODS Immune cell subsets of CD8+ T cells and NK cells were compared between normal-weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, n = 17), pre-obese (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2, n = 24), and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2, n = 27) patients. Cell subsets and cytokine serum levels were quantified prior to LVAD implantation and at 3, 6, and 12 months after LVAD implantation. RESULTS At the end of the first postoperative year, obese patients (31.8% ± 2.1%) had a lower proportion of CD8+ T cells than normal-weight patients (42.4% ± 4.1%; p = 0.04), and the percentage of CD8+ T cells was negatively correlated with BMI (p = 0.03; r = -0.329). The proportion of circulating NK cells increased after LVAD implantation patients in normal-weight (p = 0.01) and obese patients (p < 0.01). Patients with pre-obesity showed a delayed increase (p < 0.01) 12 months after LVAD implantation. Further, obese patients showed an increase in the percentage of CD57+ NK cells after 6 and 12 months (p = 0.01) of treatment, higher proportions of CD56bright NK cells (p = 0.01), and lower proportions of CD56dim/neg NK cells (p = 0.03) 3 months after LVAD implantation than normal-weight patients. The proportion of CD56bright NK cells positively correlated with BMI (p < 0.01, r = 0.403) 1 year after LVAD implantation. CONCLUSIONS This study documented that obesity affects CD8+ T cells and subsets of NK cells in patients with LVAD in the first year after LVAD implantation. Lower proportions of CD8+ T cells and CD56dim/neg NK cells and higher proportion of CD56bright NK cells were detected in obese but not in pre-obese and normal-weight LVAD patients during the first year after LVAD implantation. The induced immunological imbalance and phenotypic changes of T and NK cells may influence viral and bacterial immunoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Katharina Messer
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Lassia Meyer
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Klaeske
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franz Sieg
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Eifert
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmiedel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josephina Haunschild
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Khalil Jawad
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diyar Saeed
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lea Hildebrandt
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Andrew Borger
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maja-Theresa Dieterlen
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, HELIOS Clinic, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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3
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Alizadeh F, Mirzaie Bavil F, Keyhanmanesh R, Lotfi H, Ghiasi F. Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory proteins with atherosclerosis index in obese male subjects. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023:hmbci-2022-0022. [PMID: 36592952 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigation the association of pro-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β and IL- 10 expression, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), and ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 (ABCA1) inflammatory proteins with atherosclerosis index (homocysteine) in normal-weight and obese male subjects. METHODS 59 males including 30 obese (Body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2) and 29 normal-weight (BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) were joined to this study. Plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-10 (pg/mL), CRP (pg/mL), COX-2 (ng/mL), APOA1 (mg/dL), ABCA1 (ng/mL), HDL, Cholesterol, and Triglyceride (TG) (mg/dL), and homocysteine (µmol/L) was measured. Association of these biomarkers with homocysteine was determined. RESULTS Obese subjects had higher serum levels of IL10, IL1β, CRP, COX-2, TG, and cholesterol concentrations (all p<0.05 except IL-10 and cholesterol) and low levels of HDL, APOA1, and ABCA1 (non-significant differences) in comparison to normal-weight group. Homocysteine levels were high in obese men with no significant differences between the two groups. In obese subjects, homocysteine had a significant inverse correlation with APOA1, ABCA1, and HDL, and a strong and moderate positive correlation was found with CRP and TG levels, respectively. CONCLUSIONS High level of homocysteine and its correlation with inflammation proteins and markers in obese subjects appear to be contributed with atherosclerosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaie Bavil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajie Lotfi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Alhammad R, Abu-Farha M, Hammad MM, Thanaraj TA, Channanath A, Alam-Eldin N, Al-Sabah R, Shaban L, Alduraywish A, Al-Mulla F, Rahman A, Abubaker J. Increased LRG1 Levels in Overweight and Obese Adolescents and Its Association with Obesity Markers, Including Leptin, Chemerin, and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158564. [PMID: 35955698 PMCID: PMC9369195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein1 (LRG1) is a member of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family that is implicated in multiple diseases, including cancer, aging, and heart failure, as well as diabetes and obesity. LRG1 plays a key role in diet-induced hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance by mediating the crosstalk between adipocytes and hepatocytes. LRG1 also promotes hepatosteatosis by upregulating de novo lipogenesis in the liver and suppressing fatty acid β-oxidation. In this study, we investigated the association of LRG1 with obesity markers, including leptin and other adipokines in adolescents (11−14 years; n = 425). BMI-for-age classification based on WHO growth charts was used to define obesity. Plasma LRG1 was measured by ELISA, while other markers were measured by multiplexing assay. Median (IQR) of LRG1 levels was higher in obese (30 (25, 38) µg/mL) and overweight (30 (24, 39) µg/mL) adolescents, compared to normal-weight participants (27 (22, 35) µg/mL). The highest tertile of LRG1 had an OR [95% CI] of 2.55 [1.44, 4.53] for obesity. LRG1 was positively correlated to plasma levels of high sensitivity c-reactive protein (HsCRP) (ρ = 0.2), leptin (ρ = 0.2), and chemerin (ρ = 0.24) with p < 0.001. Additionally, it was positively associated with plasma level of IL6 (ρ = 0.17) and IL10 (ρ = 0.14) but not TNF-α. In conclusion, LRG1 levels are increased in obese adolescents and are associated with increased levels of adipogenic markers. These results suggest the usefulness of LRG1 as an early biomarker for obesity and its related pathologies in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashed Alhammad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait;
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (M.M.H.); (N.A.-E.)
| | - Maha M. Hammad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (M.M.H.); (N.A.-E.)
| | - Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (T.A.T.); (A.C.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Arshad Channanath
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (T.A.T.); (A.C.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Nada Alam-Eldin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (M.M.H.); (N.A.-E.)
| | - Reem Al-Sabah
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait;
| | - Lemia Shaban
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait;
| | - Abdulrahman Alduraywish
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (T.A.T.); (A.C.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait;
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (J.A.); Tel.: +965-2463-3321 (A.R.); +965-2224-2999 (ext. 3563) (J.A.)
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (M.M.H.); (N.A.-E.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (J.A.); Tel.: +965-2463-3321 (A.R.); +965-2224-2999 (ext. 3563) (J.A.)
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El Sehmawy AA, Diab FEA, Hassan DA, Mohammed DS, Gamal El Din Al Anany M, Eldesoky NA, Elamir RY. Utility of Adipokines and IL-10 in Association with Anthropometry in Prediction of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3231-3241. [PMID: 36276297 PMCID: PMC9585482 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s377072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This is a case-controlled study, with two hundred children enrolled. They were divided into an obese group of 100 children who had BMI ≥ 95th percentile according to CDC criteria and a group of 100 children with normal weight. All enrolled children were subjected to detailed medical history and clinical examination, in addition to measuring fasting blood sugar, fasting serum insulin, HOMA-IR calculation, lipid profile analysis, total serum cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL), and serum triglyceride (TG). Two adipokines (lipocalin-2 and adipsin) serum levels plus IL-10 serum level were assessed. RESULTS Higher Z score of weight, MI, and waist/height ratio and high serum cholesterol, LDL, TG, and low HDL were observed in obese children. Higher levels of serum lipocalin-2 and adipsin and lower IL-10 blood level were observed in the obese group in comparison with the normal weight children. Higher insulin resistance index was observed in the obese group, with positive correlation of HOMA-IR with the anthropometric measurements and lipocalin serum level, while negative correlation was observed between IL-10 and fasting insulin in obese children. CONCLUSION Simple measurement of general and central adiposity markers and serum lipocalin-2 can predict insulin resistance in obese children while serum adipsin and IL-10 had no association with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A El Sehmawy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: Asmaa A El Sehmawy, Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Elbehira, Al-Khalifa -Elmamoon street, Cairo, Egypt, Tel +2 01063752905, Fax +0453407042, Email
| | | | - Donia Ahmed Hassan
- Clinical PAthology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Sayed Mohammed
- Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Noha A Eldesoky
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham Yousri Elamir
- Public Health and COmmunity Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Martin M, Gaete L, Tetzlaff W, Ferraro F, Lozano Chiappe E, Botta EE, Osta V, Saez MS, Lorenzon Gonzalez MV, Palenque P, Ballerini G, Sorroche P, Boero L, Triffone L, Brites F. Vascular inflammation and impaired reverse cholesterol transport and lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:258-268. [PMID: 34895801 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Childhood obesity is associated to complications such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. High density lipoproteins (HDL) constitute the only lipoprotein fraction with ateroprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to analyze inflammatory markers, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profile and HDL functionality in obese children and adolescents compared to healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty obese children and adolescents (Body mass index z score >3.0) (9-15 years old) and 20 age and sex similar controls were included in the study. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B, glucose and insulin levels were quantified. Lipid indexes and HOMA-IR were calculated. Cholesterol efflux (CEC), lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein, plus paraoxonase and arylesterase (ARE) activities were evaluated. Obese children and adolescents showed significantly higher TG [69 (45-95) vs 96 (76-121); p < 0.05], non-HDL-C [99 ± 34 vs 128 ± 26; p < 0.01], TC/HDL-C [2.8 ± 0.6 vs 4.7 ± 1.5; p < 0.01], TG/HDL-C [1.1 (1.0-1.8) vs 2,2 (1.4-3.2); p < 0.01], and HOMA-IR [1.5 (1.1-1.9) vs. 2.6 (2.0-4.5); p < 0.01] values, plus Lp-PLA2 activity [8.3 ± 1.9 vs 7.1 ± 1.7 umol/ml.h; p < 0,05] in addition to lower HDL-C [57 ± 10 vs 39 ± 9; p < 0.01], apo A-I [143 ± 25 vs 125 ± 19; p < 0.05], and CEC [6.4 (5.1-6.8) vs. 7.8 (5.7-9.5); p < 0.01] plus LCAT [12.6 ± 3.3 vs 18.7 ± 2.6; p < 0.05] and ARE [96 ± 19 vs. 110 ± 19; p < 0.05] activities. Lp-PLA2 activity correlated with LDL-C (r = 0.72,p < 0.01), non-HDL-C (r = 0.76,p < 0.01), and apo B (r = 0.60,p < 0.01). LCAT activity correlated with triglycerides (r = -0.78,p < 0.01), HDL-C (r = 0.64,p < 0.01), and apo A-I (r = 0.62, p < 0.05). ARE activity correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.32,p < 0.05) and apoA-I (r = 0.43,p < 0.01). CEC was negatively associated with BMI z-score (r = -0.36,p < 0.05), and triglycerides (r = -0.28,p < 0.05), and positively with LCAT activity (r = 0.65,p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, BMI z-score was the only parameter significantly associated to CEC (r2 = 0.43, beta = -0.38, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The obese group showed alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which were associated to the presence of vascular specific inflammation and impairment of HDL atheroprotective capacity. These children and adolescents would present qualitative alterations in their lipoproteins which would determine higher risk of suffering premature cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Martin
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Laura Gaete
- Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter Tetzlaff
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Ferraro
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Lozano Chiappe
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana E Botta
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Osta
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria S Saez
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Patricia Palenque
- Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Ballerini
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Laura Boero
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Triffone
- Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Brites
- Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Subramanian N, Tavira B, Hofwimmer K, Gutsmann B, Massier L, Abildgaard J, Juul A, Rydén M, Arner P, Laurencikiene J. Sex-specific regulation of IL-10 production in human adipose tissue in obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:996954. [PMID: 36313784 PMCID: PMC9606404 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.996954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-associated metabolic complications display sexual dimorphism and can be impacted by cytokines. We previously showed that interleukin-10 (IL-10) was upregulated in white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether this pertains to men is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of obesity and T2D on WAT IL-10 levels in men versus women. METHODS Plasma and subcutaneous WAT biopsies were obtained from 108 metabolically well-characterized individuals. WAT IL10 expression/secretion and WAT-resident IL-10-secreting macrophage number were measured. Circulating sex hormone levels were correlated to WAT IL10 expression in 22 individuals and sex hormone effects on macrophage IL10 expression were investigated in vitro. RESULTS Obese women with T2D showed increased IL10 expression/secretion and IL-10-secreting WAT macrophage number compared to other female groups. This difference was absent in men. Non-obese women and men with T2D showed similar IL-10 levels compared to healthy controls, indicating that T2D alone does not regulate IL-10. Although WAT IL10 expression correlated with serum estrone (E1) concentrations, recombinant E1 did not affect macrophage IL10 expression in vitro. CONCLUSION WAT IL-10 levels are higher in women with obesity and T2D, but not in men and this effect is primarily attributed to obesity per se. This is less likely to be driven by circulating sex hormones. We propose that the WAT IL-10 might exert protective effects in obesity-associated chronic inflammation in women which could be one of the contributing factors for the decreased morbidity observed in women during obesity than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmadha Subramanian
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Narmadha Subramanian, ; Jurga Laurencikiene,
| | - Beatriz Tavira
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaisa Hofwimmer
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beate Gutsmann
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucas Massier
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julie Abildgaard
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Lipid laboratory, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Narmadha Subramanian, ; Jurga Laurencikiene,
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Goswami SK, Ranjan P, Dutta RK, Verma SK. Management of inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105912. [PMID: 34562603 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. Recently, the role of inflammation in the progression of diseases has significantly attracted considerable attention. In addition, various comorbidities, including diabetes, obesity, etc. exacerbate inflammation in the cardiovascular system, which ultimately leads to heart failure. Furthermore, cytokines released from specialized immune cells are key mediators of cardiac inflammation. Here, in this review article, we focused on the role of selected immune cells and cytokines (both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory) in the regulation of cardiac inflammation and ultimately in cardiovascular diseases. While IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and IFNγ are associated with cardiac inflammation; IL-10, TGFβ, etc. are associated with resolution of inflammation and cardiac repair. IL-10 reduces cardiovascular inflammation and protects the cardiovascular system via interaction with SMAD2, p53, HuR, miR-375 and miR-21 pathway. In addition, we also highlighted recent advancements in the management of cardiac inflammation, including clinical trials of anti-inflammatory molecules to alleviate cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Roshan Kumar Dutta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Verma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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Hwang J, Yoo JA, Yoon H, Han T, Yoon J, An S, Cho JY, Lee J. The Role of Leptin in the Association between Obesity and Psoriasis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:11-21. [PMID: 32690821 PMCID: PMC7771847 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes many adipokines which contribute to various metabolic processes, such as blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, inflammation and angiogenesis. The biology of adipose tissue in an obese individual is abnormally altered in a manner that increases the body’s vulnerability to immune diseases, such as psoriasis. Psoriasis is considered a chronic inflammatory skin disease which is closely associated with being overweight and obese. Additionally, secretion of leptin, a type of adipokine, increases dependently on adipose cell size and adipose accumulation. Likewise, high leptin levels also aggravate obesity via development of leptin resistance, suggesting that leptin and obesity are closely related. Leptin induction in psoriatic patients is mainly driven by the interleukin (IL)-23/helper T (Th) 17 axis pathway. Furthermore, leptin can have an effect on various types of immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells. Here, we discuss the relationship between obesity and leptin expression as well as the linkage between effect of leptin on immune cells and psoriasis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyeon Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ah Yoo
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology & Biocosmetics Research Center, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungkee Yoon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyung Han
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchan Yoon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoljun An
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology & Biocosmetics Research Center, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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10
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Farkhondeh T, Llorens S, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Ashrafizadeh M, Talebi M, Shakibaei M, Samarghandian S. An Overview of the Role of Adipokines in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:E5218. [PMID: 33182462 PMCID: PMC7665135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) leads to an increase in morbidity, mortality, and a shortening of life span. The changes in heart structure and function as well as metabolic profile are caused by obese people, including those free of metabolic disorders. Obesity alters heart function structure and affects lipid and glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and increase inflammatory cytokines. Adipokines, specific cytokines of adipocytes, are involved in the progression of obesity and the associated co-morbidities. In the current study, we review the scientific evidence on the effects of obesity on CVDs, focusing on the changes in adipokines. Several adipokines have anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects comprising omentin, apelin, adiponectin, and secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp-5). Other adipokines have pro-inflammatory impacts on the cardiovascular system and obesity including leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), retinol-binding protein4 (RBP-4), visfatin, resistin, and osteopontin. We found that obesity is associated with multiple CVDs, but can only occur in unhealthy metabolic patients. However, more studies should be designed to clarify the association between obesity, adipokine changes, and the occurrence of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
| | - Silvia Llorens
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Albacete, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | | | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey;
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1996835113, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur 9318614139, Iran
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11
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Phillips CL, Grayson BE. The immune remodel: Weight loss-mediated inflammatory changes to obesity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:109-121. [PMID: 31955604 PMCID: PMC7016415 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219900185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an escalating world problem that contributes to the complexity and cost of treatment of metabolic disorders. Obesity is the result of increased storage of energy in the form of adipose tissue, reducing the quality of daily life, and interfering with longevity. Obesity is also a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disorder. The inflammatory processes affect many organ systems with expanded numbers of immune cells and increased cytokine production. Long-term weight loss is difficult to achieve and maintain. Lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic treatments, and surgical methods are increasingly utilized to ameliorate excess body weight and the comorbidities of obesity, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and cancers. Weight loss is also touted to reduce inflammation. Here we review the current literature on human obesity-related systemic and local changes to the immune system and circulating inflammatory mediators. Further, we consider the impact of weight loss to reduce the burden of inflammation, bearing in mind the different methods of weight loss—behavioral change vs. surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L Phillips
- Program in Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Bernadette E Grayson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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12
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Henstridge DC, Abildgaard J, Lindegaard B, Febbraio MA. Metabolic control and sex: A focus on inflammatory-linked mediators. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4193-4207. [PMID: 30820935 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Men and women have many differing biological and physiological characteristics. Thus, it is no surprise that the control of metabolic processes and the mechanisms underlying metabolic-related diseases have sex-specific components. There is a clear metabolic sexual dimorphism in that up until midlife, men have a far greater likelihood of acquiring cardio-metabolic disease than women. Following menopause, however, this difference is reduced, suggestive of a protective role of the female sex hormones. Inflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardio-metabolic disease with human studies correlating metabolic disease acquisition or risk with levels of various inflammatory markers. Rodent studies employing genetic modifications or novel pharmacological approaches have provided mechanistic insight into the role of these inflammatory mediators. Sex differences impact inflammatory processes and the subsequent biological response. As a consequence, this may affect how inflammation alters metabolic processes between the sexes. Recently, some of our work in the field of inflammatory genes and metabolic control identified a sexual dimorphism in a preclinical model and caused us to question the frequency and scale of such findings in the literature. This review concentrates on inflammatory-related signalling in relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes and highlights the differences observed between males and females. Differences in the activation and signalling of various inflammatory genes and proteins present another reason why studying both male and female patients or animals is important in the context of understanding and finding therapeutics for metabolic-related disease. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Importance of Sex Differences in Pharmacology Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren C Henstridge
- Molecular Metabolism & Aging Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Julie Abildgaard
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Lindegaard
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Division of Diabetes & Metabolism, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Drug Discover Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Attlee A, Hasan H, AlQattan A, Sarhan N, Alshammari R, Ali S, Nabil M, Alattrash A, Raigangar V, Madkour M, Unnikannan H, Awadallah S. Relationship of salivary adipocytokines, diet quality, physical activity, and nutrition status in adult Emirati females in United Arab Emirates. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:40-46. [PMID: 30641732 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The United Arab Emirates (UAE) ranks as the fifth most obese country with increasing cardio-metabolic risks. In this paper, relationships of salivary adipocytokines (markers of cardio-metabolic syndrome), diet quality and physical activity in 90 normal-weight, overweight and obese (30 subjects in each group) Emirati adult females were investigated. METHODS A cross-sectional research design was adopted. Anthropometric measurements, diet quality and physical activity questionnaires were administered. Overnight fasting saliva was collected to determine levels of adiponectin, interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). RESULTS Salivary adiponectin was significantly lower, while TNF-α was higher in obese than normal-weight subjects. IL-10 displayed a lower trend in obese subjects. Though diet quality and physical activity did not exhibit significant differences among the three groups, better diet quality and higher physical activity level were reported among normal-weight subjects. Salivary TNF-α correlated positively with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.37; p < 0.001) and waist circumference (r = 0.31; p < 0.001), while adiponectin correlated negatively with BMI (r = -0.28; p < 0.05). IL-10 showed negative trend in correlation with obesity measures. Correlations were not observed between diet quality and physical activity with salivary adipocytokines. Interestingly, a significant negative correlation emerged between diet quality and neck circumference (r = -0.24; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that salivary adipocytokines correlate with obesity measures and can serve as convenient adjunct method in predicting cardio-metabolic risks in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Attlee
- Nutrition and Health Department, College of Food and Agriculture, University Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Afra AlQattan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Nada Sarhan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Razan Alshammari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Shaikha Ali
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Maryam Nabil
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Alaa Alattrash
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Veena Raigangar
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohamed Madkour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hema Unnikannan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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14
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Eizadi M, Laleh B, Khorshidi D. THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC TRAINING WITH DIFFERENCE DURATIONS ON SERUM IL-10 IN MIDDLE-AGED OBESE FEMALES. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2018; 14:563-569. [PMID: 31149314 PMCID: PMC6516410 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Regular training program is recognized to play a key role in chronic low-grade inflammation in obese patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a continued aerobic training on serum Interleukine-10 (IL-10) as anti-inflammatory cytokine in obese women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty non-trained obese women aged 30-40 years with BMI 30-36 (kg/m2) participated in the study and divided into exercise (n=15) and control groups. Exercise subjects completed a 6 weeks aerobic training at 60-75% of heart rate max and continued to 12 weeks. Anthropometrical markers and fasting blood samples were collected of all subjects at pre, mid (6 weeks) and post training (12 weeks) for measuring serum IL-10. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Significance was accepted at P<0.05. RESULTS At baseline (pre training), there were no differences in the age, body weight and other anthropometrical indexes also in serum IL-10 between the two groups (p>0.05). Six and 12 weeks of aerobic training resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and other anthropometrical indexes and a significant increase in IL-10 compared to baseline (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in serum IL-10 between 6 and 12 weeks aerobic training (p=0.361). There were no changes in all variables in the Control group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Based on this data we concluded that anti-inflammatory effects of long term aerobic training can be attributed in part to IL-10 but further studies over other markers of inflammatory profile are necessary in order to sustain the anti-inflammatory effect of aerobic training.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Eizadi
- Islamic Azad University, Central Secretariat, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - B. Laleh
- Islamic Azad University, Department of Exercise Physiology, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - D. Khorshidi
- Islamic Azad University, Eslamshahr Branch, Islamic Republic of Iran
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15
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increasing prevalence of hyperglycaemia implicates a state of oxidative stress and inflammation. Traditional and emerging biomarkers associated with increasing hyperglycaemia were assessed to clarify their role they play in hyperglycaemia. RESULTS 309 participants attending a rural diabetic screening program were categorised into control and quintile groups based upon glucose levels: 1st quintile - <4.5 mmol/L and 4th, 5th quintile - >6.1 mmol/L. Significant results were obtained for anthropometric data and biochemical markers - glucose, HbA1c and total cholesterol (P < 0.001); oxidative stress: glutathione (P < 0.001), glutathione:glutathione disulfide and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (P < 0.05). Interleukin -1β and inflammatory marker ratios IL-6/IL-10, IL-1β/IL-10, MCP-1/IL-10, IGF-1/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-1β were significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study provided further evidence that inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers may contribute to diagnostic information associated with preclinical increases in BGL. Further we have provided a unique study in the analysis of ratios of inflammatory biomarkers and correlations with increasing BGL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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16
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Polymorphisms of the TNF-α gene interact with plasma fatty acids on inflammatory biomarker profile: a population-based, cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil. Br J Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28633686 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of four TNF-α SNP with inflammatory biomarkers and plasma fatty acids (FA), and the interaction among them in a population-based, cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 281 subjects, aged >19 and <60 years, participated in a cross-sectional, population-based study performed in Brazil. The following SNP spanning the TNF-α gene were genotyped: -238G/A (rs361525), -308G/A (rs1800629), -857C/T (rs1799724) and -1031T/C (rs1799964). In all, eleven plasma inflammatory biomarkers and plasma FA profile were determined. To analyse the interaction between TNF-α SNP and plasma FA, a cluster analysis was performed to stratify individuals based on eleven inflammatory biomarkers into two groups used as outcome: inflammatory (INF) and non-inflammatory clusters. The -238A allele carriers had higher TNF-α (P=0·033), IL-6 (P=0·013), IL-1β (P=0·037), IL-12 (0·048) and IL-10 (P=0·010) than the GG genotype. The -308A allele carriers also had lower levels of plasma palmitoleic acid (P=0·009), oleic acid (P=0·039), total MUFA (P=0·014), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity index-16 (P=0·007), SCD-18 (P=0·020) and higher levels of PUFA (P=0·046) and DHA (P=0·044). Significant interactions modifying the risk of belonging to the INF cluster were observed with inflammatory cluster as outcome between -857C/T and plasma α-linolenic acid (P=0·026), and also between -308G/A and plasma stearic acid (P=0·044) and total SFA (P=0·040). Our study contributes to knowledge on TNF-α SNP and their association with inflammatory biomarker levels, plasma FA and the interaction among them, of particular interest for the Brazilian population.
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17
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Wang CM, Chen YH, Lee YC, Chang JS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to ferritin molecules-mediated macrophage migration via P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Mei Wang
- Department of Nutrition; MacKay Memorial Hospital; Taiwan
| | - Yue-Hwa Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences; College of Nutrition; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center; Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences; College of Nutrition; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center; Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
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18
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Azizian M, Mahdipour E, Mirhafez SR, Shoeibi S, Nematy M, Esmaily H, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Cytokine profiles in overweight and obese subjects and normal weight individuals matched for age and gender. Ann Clin Biochem 2016; 53:663-668. [PMID: 26787627 DOI: 10.1177/0004563216629997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with a state of systemic inflammation, mediated by adipose tissue-derived cytokines that may also have metabolic effects, including an effect on insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare the serum profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in obese and non-obese subjects. Methods A total of 242 subjects who were either overweight or obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m2) and non-obese subjects (body mass index <25 kg/m2), were recruited in Mashhad in northeastern Iran. The concentrations of serum interleukin-1α, -1β, -2, -4, -6, -8 and -10 (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10), were measured in all subjects, together with serum vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-γ, epidermal growth factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumour necrosis factor-α. Results The groups differed significantly with respect to measures of adiposity and fasted lipid profile. Serum pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon-γ and interleukin-1α, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-10, and epidermal growth factor were significantly different between obese and non-obese individuals, as was serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Multivariate regression showed that waist circumference was significantly and independently related to serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1concentrations ( P = 0.001). Conclusion Despite significant differences in several cytokines between the groups, only monocyte chemoattractant protein-1appeared to be independently related to a measure of adiposity in this population sample from Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azizian
- 1 Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mirhafez
- 3 Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Sara Shoeibi
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- 6 Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- 5 Department of Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,6 Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon Aa Ferns
- 7 Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- 4 Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,6 Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Siqueira EC, de Souza FTA, Ferreira E, Souza RP, Macedo SC, Friedman E, Gomez MV, Gomes CC, Gomez RS. Cell phone use is associated with an inflammatory cytokine profile of parotid gland saliva. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45:682-686. [PMID: 26876491 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversy on the effects of the non-ionizing radiation emitted by cell phones on cellular processes and the impact of such radiation exposure on health. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether cell phone use alters cytokine expression in the saliva produced by the parotid glands. METHODS Cytokine expression profile was determined by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) in the saliva produced by the parotid glands in healthy volunteers, and correlated with self-reported cell phone use and laterality. RESULTS The following parameters were determined, in 83 Brazilian individuals in saliva produced by the parotid glands comparing the saliva from the gland exposed to cell phone radiation (ipsilateral) to that from the contralateral parotid: salivary flow, total protein concentration, interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) salivary levels by ELISA. After multiple testing correction, decreased IL-10 and increased IL-1β salivary levels in the ipsilateral side compared with the contralateral side (P < 0.05) were detected. Subjects who used cell phones for more than 10 years presented higher differences between IL-10 levels in ipsilateral versus contralateral parotids (P = 0.0012). No difference was observed in any of the tested parameters in correlation with cell phone monthly usage in minutes. CONCLUSION The exposure of parotid glands to cell phones can alter salivary IL-10 and IL-1β levels, consistent with a pro-inflammatory microenvironment that may be related to heat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Carvalho Siqueira
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Tinôco Alvim de Souza
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Efigênia Ferreira
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renan Pedra Souza
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Samuel Costa Macedo
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Carolina Cavaliéri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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20
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A review of iron studies in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a double burden in the young? Eur J Nutr 2016; 55:2179-97. [PMID: 26883916 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The connection between iron and excessive adiposity has received much research interest. Although children and adolescents have unique developmental phases and nutritional demands, to date, reviews of iron in the overweight (OW) and obese (OB) have combined studies of children and adults or have focussed on adults. PURPOSE The aim of this review was to critically evaluate studies of the relationship between iron and OW and obesity in children and adolescents, with emphasis on iron status, oral iron response, dietary intake and systemic inflammatory markers. METHODS A PubMed search was conducted to identify relevant articles published up to December 2015. Combinations of the following keywords were used: iron, OW, OB, children, adolescents, diet, hepcidin, inflammation, fortification, supplementation, weight loss, trace elements, obesity, iron deficiency (ID), minerals. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION A higher prevalence of ID, or risk of ID, among OW and OB children and adolescents has been consistently observed. Chronic inflammation caused by excessive adiposity offers a plausible explanation for this finding, rather than dietary factors. However, future studies must employ screening for the presence of both acute and chronic infections and inflammatory conditions and report other factors such as pubertal status. Intervention studies, although few, indicate that OW and OB children and adolescents have reduced response to oral iron. Further trials are needed to explore the connection between body fat mass, inflammatory proteins and iron absorption, together with the effect of weight loss on iron status in iron-deficient OW and OB children and adolescents.
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Chao KC, Chang CC, Chiou HY, Chang JS. Serum Ferritin Is Inversely Correlated with Testosterone in Boys and Young Male Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144238. [PMID: 26646112 PMCID: PMC4672881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The transition from childhood to teenaged years is associated with increased testosterone and a decreased iron status. It is not clear whether higher testosterone levels cause the decreased iron status, and to what extent, obesity-related inflammation influences the iron-testosterone relationship. The aim of the present study was to examine relationships of testosterone, iron status, and anti-/proinflammatory cytokines in relation to nutritional status in boys and young adolescent Taiwanese males. Methods In total, 137 boys aged 7~13 yr were included. Parameters for obesity, the iron status, testosterone, and inflammatory markers were evaluated. Results Overweight and obese (ow/obese) boys had higher mean serum testosterone, interleukin (IL)-1β, and nitric oxide (NO) levels compared to their normal-weight counterparts (all p<0.05). Mean serum ferritin was slightly higher in ow/obese boys compared to normal-weight boys, but this did not reach statistical significance. A multiple linear regression showed that serum ferritin (β = -0.7470, p = 0.003) was inversely correlated with testosterone, while serum IL-10 (β = 0.3475, p = 0.009) was positively associated with testosterone after adjusting for covariates. When normal-weight boys were separately assessed from ow/obesity boys, the association between testosterone and serum ferritin became stronger (β = -0.9628, p<0.0001), but the association between testosterone and IL-10 became non-significant (β = 0.1140, p = 0.4065) after adjusting for covariates. In ow/obese boys, only IL-10 was weakly associated with serum testosterone (β = 0.6444, p = 0.051) after adjusting for age. Conclusions Testosterone and serum ferritin are intrinsically interrelated but this relationship is weaker in ow/obese boys after adjusting for age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ching Chao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chiou
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Acharya AB, Thakur S, Muddapur MV. Evaluation of serum interleukin-10 levels as a predictor of glycemic alteration in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2015; 19:388-92. [PMID: 26392685 PMCID: PMC4555794 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.150876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Chronic periodontal disease (CPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share common pathogenic pathways. This study aimed to estimate levels of serum interleukin (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine also associated with T2DM and evaluate its association with hyperglycemia. Materials and Methods: This investigation involved sixty participants divided into four groups comprising 15 participants each: Group 1 (healthy controls), Group 2 (CPD patients), Group 3 (T2DM patients with CPD) and Group 4 (T2DM patients). Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depths (PPD), clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, random blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum IL-10 was measured. Results: Interleukin-10 was detected in all four groups. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in most of the variables in all groups. IL-10 correlated significantly with PPD in Group 1 and with HbA1c in Group 4. IL-10 regressed with PPD in Group 1 and with HbA1c in Group 4. IL-10 levels were lower in Group 3 when compared with Group 4 and was lowest in Group 2. Conclusion: Low IL-10 levels associated with high HbA1c. Pathogenic mechanisms of CPD seem to regulate IL-10. Serum IL-10 levels may be one of the predictors of glycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srinath Thakur
- Department of Periodontics, S.D.M. College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Demircioğlu F, Görünmez G, Dağıstan E, Göksügür SB, Bekdaş M, Tosun M, Kızıldağ B, Kısmet E. Serum hepcidin levels and iron metabolism in obese children with and without fatty liver: case-control study. Eur J Pediatr 2014; 173:947-51. [PMID: 24500395 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-014-2268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepcidin is a regulator of iron balance that is increased in obesity. It reduces the absorption of iron, reduces the transfer of iron from macrophages to the plasma and/or prevents mobilisation of stored iron. Obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) demonstrate adipokine and cytokine release promoting inflammatory response. We aimed to analyse the hepcidin levels and iron metabolism in obese children with and without NAFLD and non-obese healthy controls. The study population consisted of 110 children aged 7-18 years in three groups: 50 obese patients without NAFLD, 30 obese patients with NAFLD, and 30 non-obese healthy controls. Serum hepcidin, ferritin, and iron levels, iron-binding capacity, lipid profile, and liver function tests were measured, and hepatic ultrasonography was performed in all participants. Obese patients' white blood cell counts, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly higher than those of the control group. Iron-binding capacity was significantly higher in obese patients without NAFLD compared with obese patients with NAFLD (p = 0.002). Hepcidin levels were not significantly different between obese patients and the control group. However, hepcidin levels in obese patients with NAFLD were significantly higher than those in obese patients without NAFLD (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Hepcidin levels were significantly higher in obese children with NAFLD than those without NAFLD. Obese children with NAFLD should receive attention regarding iron metabolism disorders. Serum hepcidin could be a marker of iron metabolism status and NAFLD in these groups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Demircioğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Gölköy, Bolu, 14280, Turkey,
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Interleukin-10 as a potential regulator of hepcidin homeostasis in overweight and obese children: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan. Nutrition 2014; 30:1165-70. [PMID: 25194615 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A sharp increase in the prevalence of obesity and a decline in iron deficiency in children was observed between the two consecutive Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of hepcidin in relation to nutritional status in children. METHODS 648 children ages 7 to 13 y living in Taipei and New Taipei City were enrolled in this study. Parameters for obesity, iron status, and inflammatory markers were evaluated. RESULTS There were no differences in the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron depletion between normal and overweight/obese children. A V-sharp hepcidin distribution curve was seen in normal weight children and overweight/obese boys. Serum hepcidin levels remained stable in overweight/obese girls during transition from childhood to teenager. Overweight/obese children had increased serum nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin (IL)-1β but decreased IL-10 concentration compared with normal weight children. A strong inverse relationship was found between IL-10 and body mass index (BMI; odds ratio (OR), 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.89). By contrast, positive correlations were observed between BMI and IL-1β (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.29-1.98); and between BMI and NO (OR, 1.04, 95% CI, 1.02-1.07). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed serum hepcidin was significantly correlated with IL-10 (β = 0.26, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our results raise the possibility that IL-10 may play a role in iron homeostasis. Decreased circulating IL-10 concentration may temporary protect young overweight/obese girls against the development of iron deficiency. However, long-term decrease in hepcidin concentration may increase the risk for iron overload in overweight/obese children.
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