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Gupta VK, Sahu L, Sonwal S, Suneetha A, Kim DH, Kim J, Verma HK, Pavitra E, Raju GSR, Bhaskar L, Lee HU, Huh YS. Advances in biomedical applications of vitamin D for VDR targeted management of obesity and cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117001. [PMID: 38936194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25(OH)2D3 is a fat-soluble vitamin, involved in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis in the body. Its storage in adipose tissue depends on the fat content of the body. Obesity is the result of abnormal lipid deposition due to the prolonged positive energy balance and increases the risk of several cancer types. Furthermore, it has been associated with vitamin D deficiency and defined as a low 25(OH)2D3 blood level. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 plays vital roles in Ca2+-Pi and glucose metabolism in the adipocytes of obese individuals and regulates the expressions of adipogenesis-associated genes in mature adipocytes. SCOPE AND APPROACH The present contribution focused on the VDR mediated mechanisms interconnecting the obese condition and cancer proliferation due to 1,25(OH)2D3-deficiency in humans. This contribution also summarizes the identification and development of molecular targets for VDR-targeted drug discovery. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Several studies have revealed that cancer development in a background of 1,25(OH)2D3 deficient obesity involves the VDR gene. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3 is also known to influence several cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and adhesion. The multifaceted physiology of obesity has improved our understanding of the cancer therapeutic targets. However, currently available anti-cancer drugs are notorious for their side effects, which have raised safety issues. Thus, there is interest in developing 1,25(OH)2D3-based therapies without any side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gupta
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Lipina Sahu
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Achanti Suneetha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh 520010, India
| | - Dong Hyeon Kim
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jigyeong Kim
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lvks Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India.
| | - Hyun Uk Lee
- Division of Material Analysis and Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Huang F, Zhou Y, Li T, Lin Z, Lu Y, Zhu L, Lu Z, Peng W, Zhu Y. Association between vitamin D and cardiovascular health in Chinese children and adolescents: Basing on Life's Essential 8. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0939-4753(24)00240-0. [PMID: 39069467 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relationship between vitamin D and cardiovascular health (CVH) in children remains unclear. We aimed to explore the association between vitamin D and CVH metrics using the latest Life's Essential 8 (LE8) among Chinese children and adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional study containing 2680 participants aged 7-18 years (1340 boys and 1340 girls) was performed in South China in 2013. Vitamin D levels were categorized as follows: ≥20 ng/mL (sufficiency), 12 - < 20 ng/mL (inadequacy), and <12 ng/mL (deficiency). The CVH metrics of LE8 was assessed by overall CVH score, health behavior score, health factor score and high CVH, among which the health behaviors included diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep health, as well as the health factors contained body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Different regression models were used to assess the associations between vitamin D levels and CVH metrics of LE8. Results showed that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy was 7.5% and 44.4%, respectively. Boys had lower levels in overall CVH score, health behavior score, and health factor score than girls. After adjusting for potential confounds, upward trends in diet score, health behavior score, and high CVH were observed with increasing vitamin D levels. CONCLUSION Vitamin D levels were positively associated with high CVH based on LE8, and more attention should be paid on boys due to whose lower levels in CVH metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglian Huang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yueqin Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tianze Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zongyu Lin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yeling Lu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lewei Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhijun Lu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
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Lyu C, Yin X, Li Z, Wang T, Xu R. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:118. [PMID: 38833040 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D acts through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and vitamin D level decreases in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in VDR alter its functions to affect the vitamin D status. This raises the question of whether VDR gene polymorphisms are associated with MM risk, which has been investigated in case‒control studies, but the results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and MM risk. The PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal (VIP), Wanfang Databases (WANFANG) were searched from inception to June 1, 2023, without language restriction or publication preference. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each variable were calculated. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using Begg' and Egger's tests, and the trim-and-fill method was used to compensate for publication bias. The correlation meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 and STATA 12.0 software. All the included studies were based on Asian populations and involved four VDR gene polymorphisms, TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570). The results showed that TaqI (C vs. T: OR = 1.487, 95% CI 1.052, 2.104, P = 0.025; CC + CT vs. TT: OR = 1.830, 95% CI 1.138, 2.944, P = 0.013), ApaI (T vs. G: OR = 1.292, 95% CI 1.101, 1.517, P = 0.002; TT vs. GG: OR = 1.600, 95% CI 1.106, 2.314, P = 0.013; TG vs. GG: OR 1.305, 95% CI 1.050, 1.622; P = 0.016; TT + TG vs. GG: OR = 1.353, 95% CI 1.103, 1.662, P = 0.004), BsmI (GG vs. AA: OR = 1.918, 95% CI 1.293, 2.844, P = 0.001; GA vs. AA: OR = 1.333, 95% CI 1.058, 1.679, P = 0.015; G vs. A: OR = 1.398, 95% CI 1.180, 1.657, P = 0.000; GG vs. AA + GA: OR = 1.686, 95% CI 1.174, 2.423, P = 0.005), and FokI (T vs. C: OR = 1.687, 95% CI 1.474, 1.931, P = 0.000; TT vs. CC: OR = 2.829, 95% CI 2.066, 3.872, P = 0.000; TC vs. CC: OR = 1.579, 95% CI 1.304, 1.913, P = 0.000, TT + TC vs. CC: OR = 1.771, 95% CI 1.477, 2.125, P = 0.000; TT vs. CC + TC: OR = 2.409, 95% CI 1.814, 3.200, P = 0.000) are associated with MM risk. VDR gene polymorphisms including ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and FokI are associated with MM risk in Asian populations. Additional studies with large sample sizes and different ethnicities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Lyu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghong Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Hematology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Health Commission, Institute of Hematology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Zupcic A, Latic N, Oubounyt M, Ramesova A, Carmeliet G, Baumbach J, Elkjaer ML, Erben RG. Ablation of Vitamin D Signaling in Cardiomyocytes Leads to Functional Impairment and Stimulation of Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Fibrotic Gene Regulatory Networks in a Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Model in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5929. [PMID: 38892126 PMCID: PMC11172934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular disease remains a controversial issue. This study aimed to further elucidate the role of vitamin D signaling in the development of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and dysfunction. To ablate the vitamin D receptor (VDR) specifically in cardiomyocytes, VDRfl/fl mice were crossed with Mlcv2-Cre mice. To induce LV hypertrophy experimentally by increasing cardiac afterload, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was employed. Sham or TAC surgery was performed in 4-month-old, male, wild-type, VDRfl/fl, Mlcv2-Cre, and cardiomyocyte-specific VDR knockout (VDRCM-KO) mice. As expected, TAC induced profound LV hypertrophy and dysfunction, evidenced by echocardiography, aortic and cardiac catheterization, cardiac histology, and LV expression profiling 4 weeks post-surgery. Sham-operated mice showed no differences between genotypes. However, TAC VDRCM-KO mice, while having comparable cardiomyocyte size and LV fibrosis to TAC VDRfl/fl controls, exhibited reduced fractional shortening and ejection fraction as measured by echocardiography. Spatial transcriptomics of heart cryosections revealed more pronounced pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic gene regulatory networks in the stressed cardiac tissue niches of TAC VDRCM-KO compared to VDRfl/fl mice. Hence, our study supports the notion that vitamin D signaling in cardiomyocytes plays a protective role in the stressed heart.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Mice
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism
- Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics
- Vitamin D/metabolism
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Fibrosis
- Signal Transduction
- Male
- Disease Models, Animal
- Mice, Knockout
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zupcic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.Z.); (N.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Nejla Latic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.Z.); (N.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Mhaned Oubounyt
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Albert-Einstein-Ring 8-10, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.L.E.)
| | - Alice Ramesova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.Z.); (N.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Albert-Einstein-Ring 8-10, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.L.E.)
| | - Maria L. Elkjaer
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Albert-Einstein-Ring 8-10, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.L.E.)
| | - Reinhold G. Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.Z.); (N.L.); (A.R.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology, Heinrich-Collin-Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria
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Zhou F, Jamilian A, Prabahar K, Hernández-Wolters B, Kord-Varkaneh H, Bai D. The effect of vitamin D2 supplementation on vitamin D levels in humans: A time and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Steroids 2024; 205:109394. [PMID: 38458370 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconsistencies exist regarding the influence of vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) supplementation on serum vitamin D levels. These inconsistencies could be attributed to numerous factors, such as dosage, baseline vitamin D levels, and duration of intervention. Hence, this dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to assess the efficacy of vitamin D2 supplementation on vitamin D levels. METHODS Relevant studies were searched in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, from their inception to 3 January 2023. Variable alterations were considered to calculate the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random effects model. RESULTS Pooled results from 33 study arms demonstrated that Vitamin D2 treatment significantly increases total vitamin D concentrations (WMD: 11.47 ng/mL, 95 %CI: 9.29 to 13.64, p < 0.001), 25(OH)D2 concentrations (WMD: 11.40 ng/mL, 95 %CI: 4.72 to 18.09, p = 0.001), and 1,25(OH)D concentrations (WMD: 5.61 ng/mL, 95 %CI: 0.74 to 10.48, p = 0.024), but decreases 25(OH)D3 concentrations (WMD: -4.63 ng/mL, 95 %CI: -6.46 to -2.81, p < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, increase in total vitamin D concentrations was more significant in vitamin D2 doses >2000 IU/day (WMD: 13.82 ng/mL), studies with duration ≤12 weeks (WMD: 12.53 ng/mL), participants aged ≥60 years (WMD: 14.40 ng/mL), and trials with basal 25(OH)D concentrations <20 ng/mL (WMD: 11.47 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates that the supplementation of vitamin D2 significantly increases the serum concentrations of total vitamin D, 25(OH)D2, and 1,25(OH)D, but decreases 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Careful consideration of patient characteristics, dosage, and treatment duration is recommended for vitamin D2 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Puren Hospital, No.1 Benxi St, Qingshan Dist, Wuhan City, 430080 Hubei Province, China
| | - Abdolreza Jamilian
- City of London Dental School, University of Bolton, London, UK; Orthodontic Department, Dental School, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hamed Kord-Varkaneh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Medicine, Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Dunyao Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Puren Hospital, No.1 Benxi St, Qingshan Dist, Wuhan City, 430080 Hubei Province, China.
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Calcaterra V, Cena H, De Giuseppe R, Biino G, Grazi R, Manuelli M, Zanelli S, Tagi V, Vincenti A, Zuccotti G, Fabiano V. An Adapted Questionnaire Tailored for Assessing the Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency in Children That Is Proving Useful in Guiding Clinical Interventions. Nutrients 2024; 16:971. [PMID: 38613005 PMCID: PMC11013822 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of vitamin D (VitD) deficiency in pediatric populations is essential for preventive healthcare. We refined and tested the Evaluation of Deficiency Questionnaire (EVIDENCe-Q) for its utility in detecting VitD insufficiency among children. PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 201 pediatric patients (aged between 3 and 18 years). Clinical evaluation and serum vitamin D levels were assessed in all subjects. The EVIDENCe-Q was updated to incorporate factors influencing VitD biosynthesis, intake, assimilation, and metabolism, with scores spanning from 0 (optimal) to 36 (poor). RESULTS We established scores for severe deficiency (<10 mg/dL) at 20, deficiency (<20 mg/dL) at 22, and insufficiency (<30 mg/dL) at 28. A score of 20 or greater was determined as the optimal cut-off for distinguishing VitD deficient from sufficient statuses, as evidenced by ROC curve analysis AUC = 0.7066; SE = 0.0841; sensitivity 100%, 95% CI 0.561-1. The most accurate alignment was seen with VitD insufficiency, defined as 25-OH-D3 < 20 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that the EVIDENCe-Q is a valid instrument for assessing the risk of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children. It offers a practical approach for determining the need for clinical intervention and dietary supplementation of VitD in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.Z.); (V.T.); (G.Z.); (V.F.)
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.D.G.); (M.M.); (A.V.)
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Clinical Scientific Institute Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.D.G.); (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Roberta Grazi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.Z.); (V.T.); (G.Z.); (V.F.)
| | - Matteo Manuelli
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.D.G.); (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Sara Zanelli
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.Z.); (V.T.); (G.Z.); (V.F.)
| | - Veronica Tagi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.Z.); (V.T.); (G.Z.); (V.F.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vincenti
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.D.G.); (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.Z.); (V.T.); (G.Z.); (V.F.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.Z.); (V.T.); (G.Z.); (V.F.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
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Roy A, De A, Aftabuddin M, Bera AK, Bayen S, Ghosh A, Das BK. Analysis of Health Ailments and Associated Risk Factors in Small-Scale Fisherfolk Community of Indian Sundarbans: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Community Med 2024; 49:360-366. [PMID: 38665455 PMCID: PMC11042129 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_906_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Small-scale fishers of Indian Sundarbans depend on open-water fisheries for their livelihoods. They often face health, occupational, and safety issues in their profession due to environmental, socio-economic, and policy changes. The morbidity pattern and related risk factors are important indicators of well-being for any community, hence applicable to small-scale fishers of Sundarbans. The present study was designed to assess patterns of morbidities, associated risk factors including occupational health hazards, and treatment-seeking behavior of small-scale fishers in the Indian Sundarbans. Material and Methods Household surveys, focused group discussions, and personal interviews were conducted through a predesigned pretested structured questionnaire. Associated risk factors and the nature of seeking treatment were considered during the data collection covering 650 individuals from 132 fishers' families. Results Morbidities were more frequent in males (39.33%) than in females (28.5%). The fever (31%) was the most dominant reason for morbidities followed by ocular ailments (23%), musculoskeletal disorder (20%), dermatological ailments (17%), and respiratory illness (9%). The highest morbidities (25%) were recorded in the age group of 21-30 years in males while that was 20% in the 11-20 years age group in the case of the females. Physical labor for fishing activities predisposes to health ailments of the studied population. Conclusions The prevalence of morbidity among the fishermen community was found to be 28.5%. The understanding of the morbidity profile of a population in general and specific age groups of both sexes in specific sheds light on the vulnerability of working groups that will help for effective healthcare planning and resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Roy
- Extension and Training Cell, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Angshuman De
- Laboratory Director, Consultant Clinical Biochemist and Quality Assurance Professional, Apollo Clinic Bansdroni, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Consultant Clinical Biochemist, Hindusthan Healthpoint Hospital, Garia, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Biochemistrty, Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, Berhampore, West Bengal, India
| | - Md. Aftabuddin
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics (FRAI) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asit K. Bera
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics (FRAI) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Supriti Bayen
- Extension and Training Cell, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek Ghosh
- Department of Agricultural Extension, School of Agriculture and Allied Sciences, The Neotia University (TNU), Sarisa, West Bengal, India
| | - Basanta K. Das
- Extension and Training Cell, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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8
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Meshkin A, Badiee F, Salari N, Hassanabadi M, Khaleghi AA, Mohammadi M. The Global Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Elderly: A Meta-analysis. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:223-230. [PMID: 38425824 PMCID: PMC10899554 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent among the elderly, posing significant health risks. This study aims to determine the global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, examining databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar until January 2023. The publication bias of the studies was assessed using the I2 test of heterogeneity and the Egger test. Results The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, defined as levels below 20 ng or 50 nmol was found to be 59.7% (95% CI 45.9-72.1). Furthermore, a review of six studies involving 6748 elderly individuals showed a prevalence of 27.5% (95% CI 21.8-34.1) for deficiency defined between 20 and 30 ng or 50-75 nmol. Additionally, a meta-analysis of seven studies with a sample size of 6918 elderly individuals reported a prevalence of 16% (95% CI 10.2-24.1) for deficiency defined above 30 nmol or 75 nmol. Conclusion The results of the present study reveal that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the elderly is high and requires the attention of health policymakers at the World Health Organization to prioritize extensive information dissemination and screening to mitigate the adverse effects on their quality of life. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-023-01089-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Meshkin
- Student Research Committee, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Badiee
- Student Research Committee, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Hassanabadi
- Department of Strategy and Operations Management, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Ali Asghar Khaleghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
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9
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Adeniyi OV, Masilela C, George JA. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors among healthcare workers in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa; cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4756. [PMID: 38413628 PMCID: PMC10899187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assesses the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency and its potential association with cardiometabolic risk factors among South African adults residing in the Eastern Cape province. In this cross-sectional study, 1244 healthcare workers (HCWs) completed a self-administered questionnaire and venous blood samples were drawn at two academic hospitals in the Eastern Cape. History of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were self-reported. Participants were categorised as obese if their body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Participants were classified as having metabolic syndrome if they had hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity. Vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency was defined as venous blood concentrations < 50 nmol/L. Associations between vitamin D deficiency and participants' characteristics were assessed using multivariate logistic regression model analysis. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 28.5% (n = 355), of whom 292 were female. Among the participants who were deficient in vitamin D, the prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome was 64.9% (n = 230), 9% (n = 32), 16.6% (n = 59), 2.3% (n = 8) and 18% (n = 64), respectively. In the adjusted multivariate logistic regression model, black Africans (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI 1.52-5.43) and individuals ≥ 42 years (AOR = 1.37; 95% CI 1.07-1.77) were more likely to exhibit vitamin D deficiency. However, there was no significant association by age, sex, and cardiometabolic markers. More than one in four healthcare workers was deficient in vitamin D among the study sample, especially the black Africans and older individuals. Further studies are needed at the population level to elucidate on the vitamin D status in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charity Masilela
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Jaya A George
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service and University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa
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10
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Nakamura Y, Kawai Y, Nagoshi S, Ogawa T, Hasegawa H. Multiple electrolytes imbalances in a patient with inflammatory bowel disease associated with vitamin D deficiency: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:26. [PMID: 38246996 PMCID: PMC10802040 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease involves chronic inflammation and ulceration, primarily Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease is rising in industrialized countries. We describe the case of a patient with inflammatory bowel disease and multiple electrolyte disturbances that emphasize the link between a vitamin D deficiency and electrolyte imbalances. CASE An 86-year-old Japanese man with severe hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia was referred to the gastroenterology and hepatology department our university hospital for severe diarrhea and abdominal pain. Based on clinical symptoms and biochemical and endoscopic findings, Crohn's disease, intestinal Behçet's disease, and intestinal tuberculosis were considered as differential diagnoses, but a final diagnosis was not reached. Prednisolone, azathioprine, and metronidazole were administered, and no apparent electrolyte abnormality was observed at the patient's admission to our hospital. On the 80th hospital day, marked hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia were noted and prolonged, despite daily supplementation with Ca and inorganic P. At his consultation with our department, we observed decreased fractional excretion of Ca, tubular reabsorption of phosphate, fractional excretion of K, and fractional excretion of Mg, suggesting the depletion of vitamin D and extrarenal wasting of K and Mg. The patient's serum Ca and inorganic P were quickly elevated in response to treatment with an active form of vitamin D, and his serum levels of K and Mg were restored to the normal range by an intravenous administration of K and Mg. A vitamin D deficiency is not rare in inflammatory bowel disease and is caused primarily by the decreased intestinal absorption of vitamin D. In the management of electrolyte imbalances in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, clinicians must consider the possible development of vitamin D deficiency-related disorders. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency in entero-Behçet's disease leads to severe hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, highlighting the importance of awareness in management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Nakamura
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kawai
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Sumiko Nagoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Tomonari Ogawa
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Hajime Hasegawa
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan.
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11
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Talib WH, Ahmed Jum’AH DA, Attallah ZS, Jallad MS, Al Kury LT, Hadi RW, Mahmod AI. Role of vitamins A, C, D, E in cancer prevention and therapy: therapeutic potentials and mechanisms of action. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1281879. [PMID: 38274206 PMCID: PMC10808607 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1281879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a leading global cause of mortality, arises from intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors, fueling uncontrolled cell growth. Amidst existing treatment limitations, vitamins have emerged as promising candidates for cancer prevention and treatment. This review focuses on Vitamins A, C, E, and D because of their protective activity against various types of cancer. They are essential as human metabolic coenzymes. Through a critical exploration of preclinical and clinical studies via PubMed and Google Scholar, the impact of these vitamins on cancer therapy was analyzed, unraveling their complicated mechanisms of action. Interestingly, vitamins impact immune function, antioxidant defense, inflammation, and epigenetic regulation, potentially enhancing outcomes by influencing cell behavior and countering stress and DNA damage. Encouraging clinical trial results have been observed; however, further well-controlled studies are imperative to validate their effectiveness, determine optimal dosages, and formulate comprehensive cancer prevention and treatment strategies. Personalized supplementation strategies, informed by medical expertise, are pivotal for optimal outcomes in both clinical and preclinical contexts. Nevertheless, conclusive evidence regarding the efficacy of vitamins in cancer prevention and treatment is still pending, urging further research and exploration in this compelling area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Zeena Shamil Attallah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohanned Sami Jallad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawan Wamidh Hadi
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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12
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Trivedi MK, Mondal S, Gangwar M, Jana S. Effects of Cannabidiol Interactions with CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and Vitamin D 3 Receptors on Spatial Memory, Pain, Inflammation, and Aging in Vitamin D 3 Deficiency Diet-Induced Rats. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:1019-1029. [PMID: 35443806 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The study was planned to investigate memory-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging potential of cannabidiol (CBD) on vitamin D3 deficient diet (VDD)-induced rats. Materials and Methods: Cytochrome P-450 enzymes were analyzed by RT-PCR method and others biomarkers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: CYP2R1 and CYP27B1-mRNA were significantly increased by 39.29 and 38.37%, respectively, while; CYP24A1-mRNA was significantly reduced by 21.39% compared to VDD. Vitamin D3 receptor protein expression was significantly increased by 148.3%, 60.48%, and 142.03% in liver, kidney, and brain, respectively, compared to VDD group. Vitamin D3 metabolites and serotonin were significantly increased more than 60% and 100%, respectively, compared to VDD. Spatial memory (in terms of total distance, escape latency) and pain score were improved compared to VDD. Cytokines were significantly reduced than VDD. Besides, levels of superoxide dismutase (49.61%), glutathione peroxidase (178.87%), acetylcholine (25.40%), and klotho (145.57%) were significantly increased than VDD. Conclusions: Study findings supported that CBD interacts with CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and vitamin D receptors, resulting in increased vitamin D3 metabolites, which improved memory, pain tolerance, reduced inflammation, and aging through modulating antioxidative enzymes, cytokines, and neurotransmitters in VDD-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sambhu Mondal
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane, India
| | - Mayank Gangwar
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane, India
| | - Snehasis Jana
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane, India
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13
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Chailurkit LO, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Aekplakorn W. Update on vitamin D status in sunshine-abundant Thailand, 2019-2020. Nutrition 2023; 116:112161. [PMID: 37544190 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency worldwide remains unknown. In the Thai 4th National Health Examination Survey (2008-2009) cohort, ∼45% and 7% of the adult population had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] levels below the threshold of 75 and 50 nmol/L, respectively. Vitamin D has been a hot topic in the scientific community. The aim of this study was to uncover the current situation regarding vitamin D status in Thailand. METHODS Participants were 4098 adults ages 10 to 96 y, randomly selected from the Thai 6th National Health Examination Survey (2019-2020) cohort. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Data were expressed as mean ± SE and adjusted odds ratio (95% CI). RESULTS Mean vitamin D status based on serum 25(OH)D was 88.2 nmol/L and differed by age, sex, residency, and religion. The prevalence of serum 25(OH)D <75 and <50 nmol/L were 31% and 4%, respectively. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was lower in individuals who lived in the northeastern part of Thailand or were male. The risk for vitamin D deficiency was lower than that in 2009. In multiple linear regression analysis, female sex, younger age, urbanization, a higher body mass index, Muslim religion, and living in Bangkok or the central region of Thailand were independently associated with lower serum 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSIONS The vitamin D status in the Thai population has improved over the past 10 y. This improvement may reflect an increased awareness related to adequate vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- La-Or Chailurkit
- Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Wichai Aekplakorn
- Department of Community Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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14
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Khan RU, Naz S, Ullah H, Khan NA, Laudadio V, Ragni M, Piemontese L, Tufarelli V. Dietary vitamin D: growth, physiological and health consequences in broiler production. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1635-1641. [PMID: 34923931 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2013861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamins are needed in trace amounts in dietary formulations for poultry; however, they are critical for the health, maintenance, and performance of important body organs. Broilers have a lot of leg issues because of their rapid development and lack of exercise. Because of commercial broilers have limited access to direct sunlight, vitamin D supplementation in the feed is critical to reducing the risk of bone deformation and maximizing development. Vitamin D deficiency causes skeletal abnormalities, which may lead also to financial problems. The latest scientific findings on the source, metabolism, mechanisms of action, and functions of vitamin D in broilers are the subject of this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ullah
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Abdulwali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad Khan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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15
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Feltrer‐Rambaud Y, Moresco A, Ange‐van Heugten K, Pizarro A, Tomeo‐Martín B, Carrasco Pesquera L, Moresco N, Atencia R. Serum vitamin D in sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in range countries: A pilot study. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2937-2945. [PMID: 37725364 PMCID: PMC10650370 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is essential for skeletal health, calcium homeostasis and general health. The major and more stable form of vitamin D in circulation is 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D); this is the most valuable indicator of vitamin D status. There are studies on laboratory and zoo-housed chimpanzees; however, serum vitamin D status has not been documented in chimpanzees in range countries. OBJECTIVES (1) Determine the range of circulating 25-OH-D concentrations in chimpanzees in range countries. (2) Assess the influence of age, sex, and sun exposure on 25-OH-D serum concentrations. METHODS Opportunistic blood samples were obtained from 127 clinically healthy chimpanzees. Serum 25-OH-D concentration was measured with a commercially available competitive ELISA. RESULTS The median overall 25-OH-D concentration for chimpanzees in range countries was 46.24 nmol/L (range: 17.10-109.23 nmol/L). Males had a significantly lower concentration (40.15 nmol/L) than females (49.61 nmol/L), and infants (37.99 nmol/L) had a significantly lower concentration than adults (46.04 nmol/L). Concentrations of 25-OH-D in chimpanzees in sunnier habitats were significantly higher compared to thick tropical forest habitat. CONCLUSION The present constitutes a large dataset of serum 25-OH-D concentrations in range country sanctuary chimpanzees and contributes to document normal ranges. Age, sex, and sun exposure influenced serum concentrations of 25-OH-D in sanctuary chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anneke Moresco
- International Primate Health & Welfare GroupMadridSpain
- Reproductive Health Surveillance ProgramMorrisonColoradoUSA
- Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
- Colorado Mesa TechColorado Mesa universityGrand JunctionColoradoUSA
| | | | | | - Beatriz Tomeo‐Martín
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica. Animal Physiology Departemtn.Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UIB‐UAX)MadridSpain
| | - Lara Carrasco Pesquera
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica. Animal Physiology Departemtn.Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UIB‐UAX)MadridSpain
| | | | - Rebeca Atencia
- International Primate Health & Welfare GroupMadridSpain
- Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) Republic of CongoPointe NoireCongo
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16
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Dai Y, Chen Y, Pu Y, Jiang R. Circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of 14 cancers: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15457-15467. [PMID: 37642723 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have revealed relationships between circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of different types of cancer, although the potential causal relationship remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the presence of a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of different types of cancer. METHODS Summary statistics from corresponding genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were used to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of 14 cancers. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using inverse-variance weighting (IVW) as the primary method was performed. Additionally, the results were verified using four other methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of our MR findings. RESULTS The MR analysis showed no causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentrations and most types of cancer, except for a causal relationship with melanoma skin cancer (MSC) (odds ratio [OR]IVW = 1.003, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.001-1.005, P = 0.004). Conversely, reverse MR revealed a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentration and colorectal cancer (ORIVW = 0.398, 95% CI 0.195-0.813, P = 0.01; ORweighted median = 0.352, 95% CI 0.135-0.917, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide support for a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of MSC. Additionally, we found a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of colorectal cancer in reverse-MR analysis. This evidence indicate that vitamin D is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of MSC and the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Dai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yifu Pu
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China.
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17
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Haider F, Ghafoor H, Hassan OF, Farooqui K, Bel Khair AOM, Shoaib F. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update. Cureus 2023; 15:e49734. [PMID: 38161941 PMCID: PMC10757591 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a vital nutrient that plays a significant part in several physiological processes within the human body, including calcium metabolism, bone health, immune function, and cell growth and differentiation. It is obtained mainly through exposure to sunlight but can be acquired from certain foods and supplements as well. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) could be the risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as heart disease and stroke. In blood vitamin D low levels have been linked with an enhanced risk of developing CVDs. However, it is unclear whether vitamin D levels are the leading cause or consequence of these conditions. While some studies highlight that taking vitamin D supplements could decrease the risk of CVD; however, more research is required to better understand the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular health. In this review, we aimed to summarize the currently available evidence supporting the association between vitamin D and CVDs and anesthesia considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrookh Haider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology Al Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Al Khor, QAT
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine/Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Hashsaam Ghafoor
- Department of Anesthesia, Al Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Al Khor, QAT
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Omar F Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology Al Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Al Khor, QAT
| | - Khalid Farooqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Al Khor, QAT
| | | | - Faryal Shoaib
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shifa International Hospitals, Islamabad, PAK
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18
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Khan R, Naseem I. Antiglycation, antifibrillation and antioxidative effects of para coumaric acid and vitamin D; an in-vitro and in-silico comparative-cum-synergistic approach. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130455. [PMID: 37678652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder that results in impaired utilization of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Severe hyperglycemia is its principal clinical symptom. Human serum albumin (HSA) is used as a model protein since it is viewed as a sign of glycaemic management because it is more likely to get glycated in diabetic people than other proteins. Para-coumaric acid (pCA), a phenolic acid, and Vitamin D (vit-D) are used as protective agents. In the present work, we deduce a synergistic-cum-comparative effect of pCA and vit-D, expecting some improvement in the efficacy of pCA when combined with vit-D. Methods employed are DPPH radical scavenging activity, In-vitro glycation of HSA, UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence analysis, and circular dichroism measurement. After treatment, increasein the absorbance and fluorescence intensity were reduced along with normalization of CD value. . The glycation-mediated fibrillation assessed by Congo-Red and Thioflavin T (ThT) were found to be diminishedwhen HSA was treated with equimolar concentration of p-CA and vit-D- treatment. Fructosamine adduct formation and lysine modificationwas also decreased, while inhibition to hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was found to increase upon treatment. The reactive oxygen species generation detection was also performed in lymphocytes treated with various protein samples. Docking results further confirmed theblocking some glycation-prone amino acids by both compounds. The study shows that the combination in the ratio of 1:1 has provided higher overall protection comparable to aminoguanidine (AG), the molecule which is utilized as a positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
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19
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Chen S, Yang W, Guo Z, Lv X, Zou Y. Association between serum vitamin D levels and sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices: a cross-sectional observational study in NHANES 2007-2012. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1243999. [PMID: 37745711 PMCID: PMC10513485 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We designed this study to determine whether there is a link between vitamin D levels and sensitivity to thyroid hormone and to provide a new perspective for studying the relationship between vitamin D and thyroid disease. Methods Our study included 8,126 participators from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database between 2007 and 2012. We used weighted multiple linear regression models to enquire the connection between serum vitamin D levels and thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators, including the following: Thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), Free Triiodothyronine/Free thyroxine (FT3/FT4), Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), and Thyrotroph Thyroxine Resistance Index (TT4RI). Finally, we used constrained cubic splines to explore possible nonlinear relationships. All data cleaning and statistical analyses were performed using R software. Results The final Results were reached after adjusting for various confounding factors. We found a U-shaped relationship between TFQI and serum vitamin D, and the lowest TFQI appeared when the serum vitamin D concentration was 25.77ng/ml. However, an inverse U-shaped relationship was found between FT3/FT4 and vitamin D levels. When the serum vitamin D concentration was 25.43ng/ml, the ratio of FT3/FT4 was the highest. Conclusion In the US population, our study concluded that FTQI and FT3/FT4 were U-shaped or inverse-U-shaped with serum vitamin D levels respectively after several adjustments. Therefore, FTQI and FT3/FT4 are considered indicators of the complex relationship between thyroid hormone resistance and vitamin D metabolism. In the future, more complex prospective investigations are needed to confirm these findings and find a causal link between them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaofei Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yandun Zou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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20
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Nikooyeh B, Zahedirad M, Kalayi A, Shariatzadeh N, Hollis BW, Neyestani TR. Improvement of vitamin D status through consumption of either fortified food products or supplement pills increased hemoglobin concentration in adult subjects: Analysis of pooled data from two randomized clinical trials. Nutr Health 2023; 29:567-574. [PMID: 35238225 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221085351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: It is documented that vitamin D may have a role in erythropoiesis as its deficiency is accompanied by an increased risk of anemia. Aim: This study aimed to examine whether improvement of vitamin D status through daily consumption of either fortified foods or supplements could impinge on certain hematologic parameters in adults. Methods: We pooled data from our two separate clinical trials and made five experimental groups. As part of their usual diet, one group consumed 500 mL/day of yogurt drink fortified with 1000 IU of vitamin D (D-yogurt, n = 27) whereas one group consumed 500 mL/day of the plain yogurt drink (P-yogurt, n = 27). In addition three other groups consumed either 50 g/day bread fortified with 1000 IU of vitamin D (D-bread) or supplement containing 1000 IU vitamin D (D-supplement, n = 27) or placebo (placebo, n = 27). Biochemical measurements were performed before and after the intervention. Results: In all three vitamin D-supplemented groups, serum 25(OH)D concentration increased after the intervention period, which was interestingly accompanied by a significant increment of hemoglobin (D-yogurt, p < 0.001, D-bread, p = 0.003, D-supplement, p < 0.001). Analyses indicated that among participants in vitamin D-intervention groups, being in D-yogurt group was more favourable predictor of improvement in hemoglobin concentrations compared with the placebo (p < 0.001), D-bread (p = 0.045) and P-yogurt (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Improvement of vitamin D status via regular intake of either vitamin D-fortified food products or supplements can result in a significant increment of hemoglobin in adult subjects. This finding has very important clinical as well as public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nikooyeh
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Zahedirad
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kalayi
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Shariatzadeh
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bruce W Hollis
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States
| | - Tirang R Neyestani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Shah A, Singh K, Rao J, Tiwari B, Singh KD. Significance of 25(OH) D3 in Early Dental Implant Failure (EDIF) during osseointegration-A systematic review. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2023; 14:360-368. [PMID: 38273924 PMCID: PMC10806325 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_192_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a key factor for successful osseointegration, and low vitamin D levels may negatively impact the process of osseointegration after implant placement. The study was aimed at evaluating the relation of vitamin D levels with dental implant osseointegration and subsequently the success or failure of the implant. The focused questions were-What is the effect of vitamin D levels on successful dental implant osseointegration and what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on successful implant osseointegration? A search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar using the terms "vitamin D," "cholecalciferol," "1,25(OH) D," "dental implant," "osseointegration," and "bone implant contact" for a period of 10 years from 2011 to 2020. Clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, case series, and case reports were included. A total of ten studies were included after the screening process. Five of these studies evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on osseointegration, whereas five only evaluated the effect of vitamin D deficiency on dental implant osseointegration. Only five of these studies reported dental implant failure varying from 7% to 13% in vitamin D deficient/insufficient groups. Positive relationship exists between serum vitamin D levels and dental implant osseointegration; however, few studies failed to report any relation. More prospective clinical research studies as well as randomized controlled trials are needed to show a significant correlation between decreased serum levels of vitamin D and increased risk of dental implant failure in perspective of vitamin D supplementation which can promote the osseointegration of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshdha Shah
- Scientist B, UCMS and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalpana Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Rao
- Department of Prosthodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhawna Tiwari
- Department of Prosthodontics, ESIC Dental College, New Delhi, India
| | - Khaidem Deba Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental College JNIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India
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22
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Yanachkova V, Staynova R, Stoev S, Naseva E. Benefits of using a microencapsulated vitamin D delivery system in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2023; 30:284-287. [PMID: 34853015 PMCID: PMC10447962 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2021-002967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare and assess the efficacy of two vitamin D delivery systems (oil-based and microencapsulated) on 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR) in women with established polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and vitamin D deficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS A monocentric, retrospective study was conducted, using the data of 70 female patients, who visited the endocrinology department of the "Dr. Shterev" Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria between May 2020 and September 2020. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of vitamin D3 supplementation: either a microencapsulated liposomal form (n=35), or a conventional oil-based form (n=35). The following clinical measures were analysed and compared: BMI, serum levels of 25(OH)D, fasting plasma glucose levels, fasting immunoreactive insulin (IRI), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index, levels of antimullerian hormone (AMH) II generation, and testosterone. In all selected patients, these measurements were performed at baseline and 3 months after initiation of vitamin D supplementation. RESULTS Significantly increased serum levels of 25(OH)D were observed in patients supplemented with the microencapsulated form of vitamin D3 in the third month from the beginning of therapy, compared with the control group (p=0.003). In the microencapsulated vitamin D group, there was a decrease in IRI serum levels (p=0.023), HOMA-IR (p=0.021), serum AMH (p=0.010) and testosterone levels (p=0.006). The fasting plasma glucose levels did not change significantly. CONCLUSION The results of our study show that the patients supplemented with a microencapsulated form of vitamin D3 achieved faster compensation of 25(OH)D levels, which in turn, under equal conditions, led to significant improvement in the metabolic profile, in particular insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesselina Yanachkova
- Department of Endocrinology, Specialised Hospital for Active Treatment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radiana Staynova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Svetoslav Stoev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia Naseva
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Health Economics, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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23
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Alexandridou A, Volmer DA. 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium p-toluene sulfonate: a new LC-MS/MS derivatization reagent for vitamin D metabolites. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100409. [PMID: 37406930 PMCID: PMC10410174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D analysis by MS faces several analytical challenges, including inefficient ionization, nonspecific fragmentation, interferences from epimers, isomers, and isobars, as well as very low concentration levels. In this study, we used 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium (FMP) p-toluene sulfonate for derivatization of vitamin D3 metabolites to increase detection sensitivity and allow for full chromatographic separation of vitamin D isomers and epimers. UHPLC-MS/MS was used for measurement of five vitamin D3 metabolites in human serum. Compared with Amplifex and 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-3,5-dion, the FMP p-toluene sulfonate reaction required less time to be performed. The method was optimized and validated to ensure accuracy, precision, and reliability. In-house and commercial quality control samples were used to assure the quality of the results for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. The method showed very good linearity and intraday and interday accuracy and precision; coefficients of determination (r2) ranged between 0.9977 and 0.9992, relative recovery from 95 to 111%, and coefficient of variation from 0.9 to 11.3. Stability tests showed that the extracted derivatized serum samples were stable for 24 h after storage at -20°C; 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-FMP derivatives were stable for 1 week at -80°C. The method was applied to samples of healthy individuals for quantitative determination of vitamin D3, the two epimers of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dietrich A Volmer
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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24
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Bielecka-Dabrowa A, Banach M, Wittczak A, Cicero AF, Kallel A, Kubilius R, Mikhailidis DP, Sahebkar A, Pantea Stoian A, Vinereanu D, Penson PE, von Haehling S. The role of nutraceuticals in heart failure muscle wasting as a result of inflammatory activity. The International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) Position Paper. Arch Med Sci 2023; 19:841-864. [PMID: 37560745 PMCID: PMC10408027 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/167799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is one of the main causes for exercise intolerance and ventilatory inefficiency in patients with heart failure and a strong predictor of frailty and reduced survival. The prevalence of sarcopenia is at least 20% in patients with heart failure. Patients with heart failure often have subclinical systemic inflammation, which may exert sustained effects on skeletal muscle. Besides exercise, nutrition should also be carefully evaluated as an appropriate diet with selected nutraceuticals may be able to stimulate muscle anabolism and inhibit muscle catabolism. This review summarizes the epidemiological and clinical trial evidence supporting the recommendations for the use of nutraceuticals with anti-inflammatory properties in heart failure and provides an overview of the state of the evidence for nutraceutical supplementation to prevent and/or mitigate heart failure muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Bielecka-Dabrowa
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Lodz, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Lodz, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wittczak
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Lodz, Poland
| | - Arrigo F.G. Cicero
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Amani Kallel
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Rabta University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raimondas Kubilius
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, UCL, London, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Peter E. Penson
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany
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25
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Dhulse P, Maurya A, Wanjari MB. Assessment of Serum Vitamin D Status and Its Associated Health Problem Among Children With Protein Energy Malnutrition: A Cross-Sectional Research Study in Central Rural India. Cureus 2023; 15:e37859. [PMID: 37214017 PMCID: PMC10199348 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a condition that results from inadequate intake of both macronutrients and micronutrients, leading to a lack of energy. The condition can manifest quickly or gradually, ranging from mild to severe. It predominantly affects children in low-income countries who do not receive enough calories and proteins. In developed nations, it is more prevalent among older individuals. PEM is more common in children as they consume less protein. In rare cases in developed countries, it may result from fad diets or a lack of knowledge about children's nutritional requirements, especially in cases of milk allergy. Vitamin D plays a critical role in bone growth and development by facilitating the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from food and supplements. Additionally, vitamin D has been linked to a reduced risk of infections, immune system disorders, diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. Aims and objectives The primary objective of this study is to evaluate serum vitamin D levels and their relationship with health complications in children affected by PEM. The specific aim is to estimate the serum vitamin D levels in children with PEM who exhibit symptoms of being underweight, stunting (limited linear growth), wasting (abrupt weight loss), or edematous malnutrition (kwashiorkor). Additionally, this study seeks to analyze the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the associated health problems in children with PEM. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study employed an analytical research approach. A total of 45 children with PEM participated in the study. Data were collected through a venipuncture method, and serum vitamin D level was assessed using an enhanced chemiluminescence method. The children's pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale, and developmental delay was evaluated using an assessment chart. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results The study's results indicate that a considerable proportion of children, specifically 46.6%, were deficient in vitamin D, whereas 42.2% exhibited insufficiency and only 11.2% had sufficient levels of the vitamin. Pain assessment using the visual analogue scale classification revealed that 15.6% of children reported no pain, 60% reported mild pain, and 24.4% reported moderate pain. The mean and standard deviation of vitamin D levels correlated with developmental delay were 4.22±0.212 and 5.34±0.438, respectively. Similarly, the mean and standard deviation of vitamin D levels correlated with pain were 4.22±0.212 and 2.98±0.489, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient for vitamin D levels and pain was 0.010, with a significant level of 0.989, significantly lower than the tabulated value at a 5% significance level. Conclusion Based on the study's findings, it was concluded that children who suffer from PEM are at a risk of developing vitamin D deficiency, which can result in adverse health outcomes, including developmental delay and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Dhulse
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Shrimati Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Archana Maurya
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Shrimati Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur B Wanjari
- Department of Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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26
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Aribi M, Mennechet FJD, Touil-Boukoffa C. Editorial: The role of vitamin D as an immunomodulator. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1186635. [PMID: 37056773 PMCID: PMC10086413 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Aribi
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, W0414100. University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
- *Correspondence: Mourad Aribi,
| | - Franck J. D. Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
- Cytokines and Nitric Oxide (NO) Synthases Team, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
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27
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Corsello A, Spolidoro GCI, Milani GP, Agostoni C. Vitamin D in pediatric age: Current evidence, recommendations, and misunderstandings. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1107855. [PMID: 37007781 PMCID: PMC10060648 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1107855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years vitamin D has been in the spotlight of many researchers for its possible role in various disorders, including autoimmune and infectious diseases. Even if vitamin D deficiency remains a major public health problem, its symptomatic manifestations are less and less common in clinical practice, and pediatric age represents a “gray area” where vitamin D supplementation is often administered in the absence of an effective evaluation of its status. Moreover, a poor knowledge about different definitions of “deficiency,” “insufficiency,” and similar terms is spread among clinicians, while guidelines are not univocal, especially after the first year of life. The aim of this brief opinion paper is to sum up recent evidence about vitamin D status and its supplementation in pediatrics, in order to better clarify a common definition of its deficiency. The aim of this opinion article is to raise awareness on this topic among clinicians and encourage a discussion on the real need for routine 25-hydroxycholecalciferol serum evaluation and its supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Corsello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gregorio P. Milani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gregorio P. Milani,
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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28
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Tuma C, Thomas A, Braun H, Thevis M. Quantification of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 2 and D 3 in Mitra® devices with volumetric absorptive microsampling technology (VAMS®) by UHPLC-HRMS for regular vitamin D status monitoring. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 228:115314. [PMID: 36870118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The numbers of vitamin D inadequacies has reportedly increased in the general population, especially in the Northern hemisphere. However, routine measurement of 25(OH) vitamin D is usually associated with a substantial effort due to the requirement of a venous blood sample taken by medical professionals. Thus, the objective of this work is to develop and validate an easy and minimal-invasive method, using a microsampling technique for autonomous blood collections by medically untrained individuals. The assay enables a simplified monitoring of the vitamin D-status in both, risk group and normal population throughout the year. For this purpose, a simple methanol extraction without derivatization combined with a UHPLC-HRMS method was developed to quantify 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 in capillary blood. For sample collection, a 20 μl Mitra® device with VAMS® technology is used. By employing the six-fold deuterium-labelled 25(OH)D3 as internal standard, the validated assay provides accurate (<10%) and precise (<11%) results. With a LOQ of 5 ng/ml, the approach also proved sensitive enough to adequately identify potential vitamin D deficiencies (< 12 ng/ml), and proof-of-concept analyses of authentic VAMS® samples (n = 20) yielded test results in the expected blood concentration range. Implementing VAMS® sampling for vitamin D-status monitoring enables a higher frequency due to a simplified, straightforward, and time-effective sample collection. VAMS® assures accurate sample volumes because of its absorptive capacities and, thus, area bias and homogeneity issues associated with conventional DBS are avoided. Regular monitoring of 25(OH)D status throughout the year supports people in high-risk groups for vitamin D-deficiency by early identifying inadequacies and, thus, preventing adverse health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tuma
- Institute of Biochemistry/ Center of Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Research Centre of Elite Sports (momentum), German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Thomas
- Institute of Biochemistry/ Center of Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Braun
- Institute of Biochemistry/ Center of Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Research Centre of Elite Sports (momentum), German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mario Thevis
- Institute of Biochemistry/ Center of Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents, Cologne, Germany.
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Benson R, Unnikrishnan MK, Kurian SJ, Velladath SU, Rodrigues GS, Chandrashekar Hariharapura R, Muraleedharan A, Bangalore Venkateshiah D, Banerjee B, Mukhopadhyay C, Johnson AS, Munisamy M, Rao M, Kochikuzhyil BM, Sekhar Miraj S. Vitamin D attenuates biofilm-associated infections via immunomodulation and cathelicidin expression: a narrative review. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:15-27. [PMID: 36440493 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2151439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infections are becoming more difficult to treat, at least partly on account of microbes that produce biofilms. Reports suggest that decreased levels of antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, and biofilm formation are all associated with vitamin D deficiency, making vitamin D - deficient individuals more susceptible to infection. Infections attributable to biofilm-producing microbes can be managed by adjuvant therapy with vitamin D because of its immunomodulatory role, particularly because of the ability of vitamin D-pathway to induce the antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin and decrease proinflammatory cytokines. AREAS COVERED This narrative review covers biofilm formation, infections associated with biofilm due to vitamin D deficiency, putative role of vitamin D in host protection and the effect of vitamin D supplementation in biofilm-associated infections. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar utilizing suitable keywords at multiple time points extracted relevant articles. EXPERT OPINION Although vitamin D deficiency has been associated with infections by biofilm producing microbes, comprehensive clinical trials in various ethnicities are required to understand the likely relationships between vitamin D receptor gene expression, cathelicidin levels, and infection outcome. Current evidence hypothesizes that maintaining normal vitamin D level can help prevent and treat these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Benson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Saleena Ummer Velladath
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Sohar, Oman
| | | | - Raghu Chandrashekar Hariharapura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anju Muraleedharan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Dinesh Bangalore Venkateshiah
- Department of General Surgery, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Barnini Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Aieshel Serafin Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Murali Munisamy
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Benson Mathai Kochikuzhyil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Joseph Mar Thoma Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kattanam, India
| | - Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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30
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Hwang HJ, Choi YJ, Hong D. The Association between Self-Rated Health Status, Psychosocial Stress, Eating Behaviors, and Food Intake According to the Level of Sunlight Exposure in Korean Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010262. [PMID: 36612583 PMCID: PMC9819439 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight exposure has been reported to have various beneficial effects on human health. This study investigated the relationship between self-rated health status, psychosocial stress, eating behaviors, and food intake according to sunlight exposure in 948 adults. Sunlight exposure was classified as less than one hour, less than three hours, and greater than three hours. Of the participants, 49.2% had fewer than three hours of daily exposure to sunlight. Regarding participants exposed to sunlight for less than one hour, the largest response was that they did not engage in outdoor activities on weekdays or weekends, and the rate of being outdoors in the shade on sunny days was the highest in this group at 42.7%. Furthermore, the participants exposed to sunlight for less than one hour had a lower health response than the other two groups, and there were significantly more participants classified in the stress risk group. Regarding eating habits, those with less than an hour of exposure to sunlight frequently ate fried foods, fatty foods, added salt, and snacks, and had significantly lower total dietary scores or three regular meals. Additionally, their frequency of consumption of cereals, milk and dairy products, orange juice, and pork was also significantly lower than the other groups. Thus, it is necessary to provide sufficient guidelines for adequate sunlight exposure and food intake because participants with low sunlight exposure may have low vitamin D synthesis and insufficient food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwan Hong
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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31
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Hamhoum AS, Aljefree NM. Knowledge and Attitudes towards Vitamin D among Health Educators in Public Schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122358. [PMID: 36553883 PMCID: PMC9777692 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Health educators in schools are a very important part of the education system. Considering the significant prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, it is important to investigate the knowledge of and attitude towards vitamin D among health educators. This study aims to examine the knowledge of and attitude towards vitamin D among health educators in public schools in Jeddah as well as to identify the associated sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and December 2021 among 231 health educators. Data were collected via a self-administered online questionnaire. The results revealed that only 45% of health educators had good knowledge of vitamin D, and approximately 43% had a positive attitude towards vitamin D. Additionally, those who had good knowledge of vitamin D were males (58.7%) (p = 0.005) and had a bachelor's degree (74%) (p = 0.01). Moreover, male health educators aged 45-54 years had a positive attitude towards vitamin D (3.8 ± 0.7) (p = 0.007). In addition, female health educators who were divorced (3.8 ± 0.7) and widowed (3.6 ± 0.5) (p = 0.04) and those who were administrators (3.3 ± 0.7) (p = 0.01) had a positive attitude towards vitamin D. The Ministry of Education (MOE) in the Kingdom must educate health educators through educational programmes that aim to increase the knowledge of and develop a positive attitude towards vitamin D intake.
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Alfaqih MS, Tarawan VM, Sylviana N, Goenawan H, Lesmana R, Susianti S. Effects of Vitamin D on Satellite Cells: A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:4558. [PMID: 36364820 PMCID: PMC9657163 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-classical role of vitamin D has been investigated in recent decades. One of which is related to its role in skeletal muscle. Satellite cells are skeletal muscle stem cells that play a pivotal role in skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. This systematic review aims to investigate the effect of vitamin D on satellite cells. A systematic search was performed in Scopus, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. In vivo studies assessing the effect of vitamin D on satellite cells, published in English in the last ten years were included. Thirteen in vivo studies were analyzed in this review. Vitamin D increases the proliferation of satellite cells in the early life period. In acute muscle injury, vitamin D deficiency reduces satellite cells differentiation. However, administering high doses of vitamin D impairs skeletal muscle regeneration. Vitamin D may maintain satellite cell quiescence and prevent spontaneous differentiation in aging. Supplementation of vitamin D ameliorates decreased satellite cells' function in chronic disease. Overall, evidence suggests that vitamin D affects satellite cells' function in maintaining skeletal muscle homeostasis. Further research is needed to determine the most appropriate dose of vitamin D supplementation in a specific condition for the optimum satellite cells' function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Subhan Alfaqih
- Biomedical Science Master Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Prof Eyckman No.38, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Vita Murniati Tarawan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nova Sylviana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Hanna Goenawan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Susianti Susianti
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
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Lin J, Zhou Y, Gu W. The synergistic effects of short inter-pregnancy interval and micronutrients deficiency on third-trimester depression. Front Nutr 2022; 9:949481. [PMID: 36245527 PMCID: PMC9554465 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.949481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) and micronutrients on depression in the third trimester of pregnancy. Materials and methods A total of 5,951 eligible pregnant women were included in this single-center retrospective cohort study. Variables with potential effects on third-trimester depression were collected. These variables included: maternal factors [age, pregnancy interval, body mass index (BMI), BMI change, gravidity, native place, education, smoking, and alcohol consumption], previous delivery outcomes [preterm birth, preeclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and delivery mode], and micronutrients in early pregnancy (folic acid, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, vitamin B12, calcium, and ferritin). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to screen the factors affecting the occurrence of depression. Based on these factors, the nomogram model was established. At the same time, the interaction between IPI and micronutrients was verified. Results The incidence of depression in the third trimester of pregnancy was 4.3%. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that there were five independent risk factors for third-trimester depression: gravidity, previous cesarean section delivery, folic acid, and vitamin D levels in early pregnancy and IPI. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the prediction model and nomogram were established. The prediction cut-offs of the corresponding factors were calculated according to the Youden index. Finally, the synergistic effect of short IPI and micronutrient deficiency was verified. Conclusion There is a synergistic effect between short IPI and micronutrient deficiency in early pregnancy, which can aggravate the occurrence of depression in late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Gu,
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Akter R, Afrose A, Sharmin S, Rezwan R, Rahman MR, Neelotpol S. A comprehensive look into the association of vitamin D levels and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with obesity in children. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113285. [PMID: 35728355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity accounts for several psychosocial and clinical consequences. Psychosocial consequences include lower self-esteem, social isolation, poor academic achievement, peer problems, and depression, whereas clinical consequences are cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, cancer, autoimmune diseases, girls early polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), asthma, bone deformities, etc. A growing number of studies have uncovered the association of childhood obesity and its consequences with vitamin-D (vit-D) deficiency and vitamin-D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), e.g., TaqI, BsmI, ApaI, FokI, and Cdx2. Considering the impact of vit-D deficiency and VDR gene polymorphisms, identifying associated factors and risk groups linked to lower serum vit-D levels and prevention of obesity-related syndromes in children is of utmost importance. Previously published review articles mainly focused on the association of vit-D deficiency with obesity or other non-communicable diseases in children. The nature of the correlation between vit-D deficiency and VDR gene polymorphisms with obesity in children is yet to be clarified. Therefore, this review attempts to delineate the association of obesity with these two factors by identifying the molecular mechanism of the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushanara Akter
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afrina Afrose
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahana Sharmin
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Rezwan
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rashidur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
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Bajbouj K, Al-Ali A, Shafarin J, Sahnoon L, Sawan A, Shehada A, Elkhalifa W, Saber-Ayad M, Muhammad J, Elmoselhi AB, Guraya S, Hamad M. Vitamin D Exerts Significant Antitumor Effects by Suppressing Vasculogenic Mimicry in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:918340. [PMID: 35747793 PMCID: PMC9210804 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.918340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNumerous clinical and experimental observations have alluded to the substantial anti-neoplastic role of vitamin D in breast cancer (BC), primarily by inducing apoptosis and affecting metastasis. Tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy have been linked to vasculogenic mimicry (VM), which represents the endothelial-independent formation of microvascular channels by cancer cells. However, the effect of vitamin D on VM formation in BC has not been thoroughly investigated. This study examined the impact of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), the active form of vitamin D, on the expression of major factors involved in BC migration, invasion, and VM formation.Experimental MethodsPublicly available transcriptomic datasets were used to profile the expression status of the key VM markers in vitamin D-treated BC cells. The in silico data were validated by examining the expression and activity of the key factors that are involved in tumor progression and MV formation in hormone-positive MCF-7 and aggressive triple‐negative MDA-MB-231 BC cells after treatment with calcitriol.Results and DiscussionsThe bioinformatics analysis showed that tumor VM formation-enriched pathways were differentially downregulated in vitamin D-treated cells when compared with control counterparts. Treatment of BC cells with calcitriol resulted in increased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs 1 and 2) and decreased content and gelatinolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs 2 and 9). Furthermore, calcitriol treatment reduced the expression of several pro-MV formation regulators including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor growth factor (TGF-β1), and amphiregulin. Eventually, this process resulted in a profound reduction in cell migration and invasion following the treatment of BC cells with calcitriol when compared to the controls. Finally, the formation of VM was diminished in the aggressive triple‐negative MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line after calcitriol treatment.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that vitamin D mediates its antitumor effects in BC cells by inhibiting and curtailing their potential for VM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuloud Bajbouj
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Khuloud Bajbouj,
| | - Abeer Al-Ali
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jasmin Shafarin
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lina Sahnoon
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Sawan
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Shehada
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adel B. Elmoselhi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Salman Y. Guraya
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Galluzzo V, Ciciarello F, Tosato M, Zazzara MB, Pais C, Savera G, Calvani R, Picca A, Marzetti E, Landi F. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D STATUS AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN COVID-19 SURVIVORS: RESULTS FROM THE GEMELLI AGAINST COVID-19 POST-ACUTE CARE PROJECT. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 205:111684. [PMID: 35568146 PMCID: PMC9093083 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Aim To determine the prevalence and associated factors of vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 survivors and the relationship between vitamin D status and physical performance. Methods Vitamin D status was assessed in a sample of patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and were admitted to a post-acute outpatient service at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS (Rome, Italy). Participants were offered comprehensive medical assessment, including physical performance and muscle strength tests. Self-rated health was assessed. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum concentration of 25-OH vitamin D < 20 ng/mL. Results Mean age of 681 participants was 53.4 ± 15.2 years and 49% were women. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 35.6% of the whole study population, and in 40.2% of those 65 and older. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with diabetes, higher body mass index, and COVID-19 severity, and showed a seasonal pattern with a peak in autumn/winter. Participants with vitamin D deficiency performed poorer on the six-minute walking test, with the lowest performance observed in those 65 and older. No significant associations with any other parameters were found. Conclusion Our findings indicate that vitamin D deficiency is frequent in COVID-19 survivors, especially in older adults. Low vitamin D levels are associated with poor physical performance, in particular in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Galluzzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Pais
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Savera
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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An ultrasensitive UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method augmented with a controlled microwave derivatization reaction for quantitation of vitamin D3 and its major metabolites in COVID-19 patients. Talanta 2022; 246:123497. [PMID: 35487016 PMCID: PMC9023092 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
It is established that vitamin D deficiency is correlated with the disease severity in COVID-19 patients. However, the reliable and sensitive quantitation of vitamin D3 (D3) and its metabolites remains a difficult challenge. Herein, a novel ultrasensitive and reliable UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the quantitation of D3 and its major metabolites in COVID-19 patients. The mass spectral sensitivity was augmented via controlled microwave-assisted derivatization reaction (CMDR) with 2-nitrosopyridine (Pyr-NO) at 65 °C for 2 min. CMDR hyphenation with UHPLC-MS/MS improves detection sensitivity while shortening separation and derivatization reaction times. The precursor to product ion transitions for D3, 25-hydroxy D3 (25(OH)D3), 1,25-dihydroxy D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) and calcipotriol (CPT) as an internal standard were m/z 493.4 → 231.3, m/z 509.4 → 231.3, m/z 525.4 → 247.3, and m/z 521.4 → 247.3; respectively. The separation of the formed derivatives was conducted using a gradient elution mode with mobile phase A: formic acid (0.1%) in water and mobile phase B: formic acid (0.1%) in acetonitrile. The elution started with 40% (v/v) of B for 0.3 min then increased linearly to 90% (v/v) at 2 min on an Agilent EclipsePlus C18 (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) column at a flow rate of 0.3 mL min−1. The method was validated using FDA standards for bioanalytical method validation over a concentration range of 0.02–50 ng mL−1 with correlation coefficient ≥0.9987 and the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) were 0.02–0.05 ng mL−1 in human plasma. The developed method has demonstrated excellent comparability to a well-established chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method for the analysis of D3 metabolites in human samples. The developed UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was implemented for routine and reliable quantitation of D3 and its major metabolites in COVID-19 patients.
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Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery: An Overview with Emphasis on Vitamin D and K Transportation. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081376. [PMID: 35458084 PMCID: PMC9024560 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence shows that supplementation with vitamin D and K or their analogs induces beneficial effects in various diseases, e.g., osteoarticular, cardiovascular, or carcinogenesis. The use of drugs delivery systems via organic and inorganic nanocarriers increases the bioavailability of vitamins and analogs, enhancing their cellular delivery and effects. The nanotechnology-based dietary supplements and drugs produced by the food and pharmaceutical industries overcome the issues associated with vitamin administration, such as stability, absorption or low bioavailability. Consequently, there is a continuous interest in optimizing the carriers' systems in order to make them more efficient and specific for the targeted tissue. In this pioneer review, we try to circumscribe the most relevant aspects related to nanocarriers for drug delivery, compare different types of nanoparticles for vitamin D and K transportation, and critically address their benefits and disadvantages.
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Chan HN, Zhang XJ, Ling XT, Bui CHT, Wang YM, Ip P, Chu WK, Chen LJ, Tham CC, Yam JC, Pang CP. Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084226. [PMID: 35457041 PMCID: PMC9032397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The contributory roles of vitamin D in ocular and visual health have long been discussed, with numerous studies pointing to the adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of recent findings on the association between vitamin D and different ocular diseases, including myopia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), dry eye syndrome (DES), thyroid eye disease (TED), uveitis, retinoblastoma (RB), cataract, and others, from epidemiological, clinical and basic studies, and briefly discuss vitamin D metabolism in the eye. We searched two research databases for articles examining the association between vitamin D deficiency and different ocular diseases. One hundred and sixty-two studies were found. There is evidence on the association between vitamin D and myopia, AMD, DR, and DES. Overall, 17 out of 27 studies reported an association between vitamin D and AMD, while 48 out of 54 studies reported that vitamin D was associated with DR, and 25 out of 27 studies reported an association between vitamin D and DES. However, the available evidence for the association with other ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, TED, and RB, remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei-Nga Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Xiang-Tian Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Christine Huyen-Trang Bui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Wai-Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clement C. Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jason C. Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.Y.); (C.-P.P.)
| | - Chi-Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.Y.); (C.-P.P.)
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Leiva SF, Avila LP, Abascal-Ponciano GA, Flees JJ, Sweeney KM, Wilson JL, Starkey JD, Starkey CW. Combined Maternal and Post-Hatch Dietary Supplementation of 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Alters Early Post-Hatch Broiler Chicken Duodenal Macrophage and Crypt Cell Populations and Their Mitotic Activity. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:882566. [PMID: 35478600 PMCID: PMC9036066 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.882566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The previous work has demonstrated that maternal supplementation of the circulating metabolite of vitamin D3 (D3), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3), enhances the immunocompetence of broiler chick offspring. In post-hatch broiler diets, 25OHD3 has been shown to affect intestinal morphology and improve the immune status of broilers. An experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement was conducted to assess the effects of combining maternal (MDIET) and post-hatch (PDIET) dietary 25OHD3 inclusion on duodenal crypt and macrophage cell populations and mitotic activity in young broiler chickens. All diets were formulated to provide 5,000 IU of vitamin D. Broiler breeder hens were offered 1 of 2 MDIET: 5,000 IU D3 per kg of feed (MCTL) or 2,240 IU of D3 + 2,760 IU of 25OHD3 per kg of feed (M25OHD3) from week 25 to 41. Male broiler offspring (n = 480) hatched from eggs collected during week 41 of breeding age were allotted in raised floor pens (4 birds per pen from day 0 to 7 and individually allotted from day 8 to 21). Chicks were fed 1 of 2 PDIET (starter day 0 to 21): 5,000 IU D3 per kg of feed (PCTL) or 2,240 IU D3 + 2,760 IU 25OHD3 (P25OHD3). DUO samples (n = 12 birds per treatment per day) were collected on days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 for cryohistological and immunofluorescence analysis to facilitate the enumeration of the total macrophages, CD80+ macrophages (pro-inflammatory macrophages), and mitotically active cells (BrdU+) to calculate the proportion of proliferating cells (PPC) per duodenal crypt. Bird age impacted crypt PPC with the greatest PPC per duodenal crypt observed on days 3 and 9, and the lowest PPC per crypt was observed on day 21 (P < 0.0001). Broilers from the M25OHD3:PCTL treatment had a greater PPC (P =.002) than birds from the MCTL:PCTL treatment at day 3. An interaction among MDIET and PDIET was observed for proliferating macrophages at day 21 (P = 0.029) where M25OHD3:P25OHD3 birds had more proliferating macrophages than M25OHD3:PCTL-fed birds. These results indicate that combined MDIET and PDIET 25OHD3 supplementation may alter early post-hatch duodenal development and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel F. Leiva
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Luis P. Avila
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | - Joshua J. Flees
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Kelly M. Sweeney
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jeanna L. Wilson
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jessica D. Starkey
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Charles W. Starkey
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Charles W. Starkey
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Lower Blood Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in a Population of Older Adults in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081548. [PMID: 35458111 PMCID: PMC9032782 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low serum vitamin D has been associated with an increased risk of neuropsychiatry disorders. This study aimed to examine the association between vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults aged 65 years and older. This cross-sectional study was conducted in seven primary healthcare centers across Kuwait (November 2020 to June 2021). The participants (n = 237) had their serum vitamin D 25-(OH)-D concentrations (analyzed by LC-MS) classified as sufficient, ≥75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL); insufficient, 50−75 nmol/L (20−30 ng/mL); or deficient, <50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL). Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 15-Item Geriatric Depression Scale (15-item GDS). The mean serum 25-OH-D levels (nmol/L) in volunteers with normal, mild, moderate, and severe depression were 100.0 ± 31.7, 71.2 ± 38.6, 58.6 ± 30.1 and 49.0 ± 6.93, respectively (p < 0.001). The participants in the vitamin D sufficiency group were significantly less likely to exhibit depressive symptoms (88.2%) than patients with mild (36%) and moderate (21%) depression (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression showed that vitamin D deficiency (OR = 19.7, 95% CI 5.60, 74.86, p < 0.001) and insufficiency (OR = 6.40, 95% CI 2.20, 19.91, p < 0.001) were associated with higher odds of having depressive symptoms. A low serum vitamin D level is a significant predictor of symptoms of depression among older individuals.
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Gkotinakou IM, Mylonis I, Tsakalof A. Vitamin D and Hypoxia: Points of Interplay in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071791. [PMID: 35406562 PMCID: PMC8997790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone that, through its action, elicits a broad spectrum of physiological responses ranging from classic to nonclassical actions such as bone morphogenesis and immune function. In parallel, many studies describe the antiproliferative, proapoptotic, antiangiogenic effects of calcitriol (the active hormonal form) that contribute to its anticancer activity. Additionally, epidemiological data signify the inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and cancer risk. On the contrary, tumors possess several adaptive mechanisms that enable them to evade the anticancer effects of calcitriol. Such maladaptive processes are often a characteristic of the cancer microenvironment, which in solid tumors is frequently hypoxic and elicits the overexpression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs). HIF-mediated signaling not only contributes to cancer cell survival and proliferation but also confers resistance to anticancer agents. Taking into consideration that calcitriol intertwines with signaling events elicited by the hypoxic status cells, this review examines their interplay in cellular signaling to give the opportunity to better understand their relationship in cancer development and their prospect for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilias Mylonis
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.T.); Tel.: +30-2410-685578 (I.M. & A.T)
| | - Andreas Tsakalof
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.T.); Tel.: +30-2410-685578 (I.M. & A.T)
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Buonsenso D, Pata D, Turriziani Colonna A, Ferrari V, Salerno G, Valentini P. Vitamin D and tuberculosis in children: a role in the prevention or treatment of the disease? Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2022; 92. [PMID: 35352542 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2022.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing number of published studies, the role of vitamin D in the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis remains unclear. In this review we analyze current scientific literature to provide evidence about the relationship between vitamin D and TB, with a special focus on the pediatric population. While in vitro studies have shown relevant antimycobacterial immune-stimulatory and immunosuppressive effects of vitamin D, this has not panned out in vivo with active TB. On the contrary, there is some evidence that this tool could work as prevention - both against TB infection as well as progression from latent to active infection. However, only a few studies have evaluated this correlation in children. The potential link between tuberculosis and vitamin D levels is promising. If effective, vitamin D supplementation of at-risk populations would be an affordable public health intervention, particularly in light of the worldwide increase in identified TB cases and drug-resistance. Vitamin D might represent a new, affordable, safe and easy to access drug for the prevention and treatment of TB. For stronger evidence, considering the features of infection (relative low incidence of reactivation of latent infection in immunocompetent patients) we need clinical trials with large numbers of participants conducted in endemic regions with a prolonged follow-up time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Buonsenso
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome.
| | - Davide Pata
- Institute of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome.
| | | | - Vittoria Ferrari
- Institute of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome.
| | - Gilda Salerno
- Institute of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome.
| | - Piero Valentini
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome; Institute of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome.
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Fanimolky F, Amizadeh M. Investigation of the Serum Level of Vitamin D in Patients with Ear Cholesteatoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2022; 34:89-94. [PMID: 35655762 PMCID: PMC9119332 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2021.52513.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the serum level of vitamin D in patients with ear cholesteatoma. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 62 patients with middle ear cholesteatoma (case group) and 62 patients with simple chronic otitis media (control group). Both groups had the same age (32±1 in the case group and 34±1 in the control group; P=0.973) and gender. Vitamin D serum level was measured in the two groups. Data analysis was conducted using t-test and ANOVA. Results According to the statistical analysis, a significant relationship was observed between the serum level of vitamin D and middle ear cholesteatoma (P=0.000). The results showed that the serum level of vitamin D was lower in the case group, compared to the control group. Conclusions Vitamin D serum level was lower in the cholesteatoma group. Moreover, it was strongly associated with hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fanimolky
- Clinical Research Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Maryam Amizadeh
- Clinical Research Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.,Corresponding author: Clinical Research Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran. E-mail:
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Dewiasty E, Agustina R, Saldi SRF, Pramudita A, Hinssen F, Kumaheri M, de Groot LCPGM, Setiati S. Malnutrition Prevalence and Nutrient Intakes of Indonesian Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:780003. [PMID: 35284453 PMCID: PMC8912970 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.780003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malnutrition and inadequate nutrient intake are associated with functional decline, frailty, and bad clinical outcomes among community-dwelling older adults. Despite the growing proportion of the elderly population in Indonesia, data on the prevalence of malnutrition and adequacy of macronutrient and micronutrient intakes among Indonesian older adults are scattered and vary between studies. Therefore, our study aims to obtain data on malnutrition prevalence, level and distribution of nutrient intakes, and prevalence of macronutrient and micronutrient inadequacies in Indonesian community-dwelling older adults. Methods We carried out a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and registered in PROSPERO. A systematic electronic database search of MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, ProQuest, HINARI, IMSEAR, GARUDA, and Indonesian Publication Index was undertaken. Additional searches were conducted in gray literature sources, hand-searching, retrospective searching, and personal communication with authors of the relevant publication. Observational studies presenting the malnutrition prevalence of habitual dietary intakes of older adults (60 years or older) were included. The risk of bias of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal form. Sex-specific mean (and standard deviation) habitual macronutrient and a selection of micronutrients (calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12) intakes were extracted from each article to calculate the percentage of older people who were at risk for inadequate micronutrient intakes using a proxy of estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, which is calculated from the national guideline of recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Prevalence of malnutrition, based on body mass index (BMI) categories and mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) criteria. and the population at risk of malnutrition were presented descriptively. Results Nine studies retrieved from electronic databases and gray literature were included in the pooled systematic analysis. According to BMI criteria, the underweight prevalence ranged from 8.0 to 26.6%. According to the MNA, the prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 2.1 to 14.6%, whereby the prevalence of at risk of malnutrition amounted to 18–78%. Our systematic review identified a high prevalence of nutrient inadequacies, most markedly for protein, calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12. Conclusion We signal a high risk of malnutrition along with poor macronutrients and micronutrients intakes among Indonesian community-dwelling older adults. These findings provide important and robust evidence on the magnitude of malnutrition and nutrient inadequacy concerns that call for appropriate nutrition, as well as public health policies and prompt intervention. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018102268.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esthika Dewiasty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Esthika Dewiasty ; ;
| | - Rina Agustina
- Department of Nutrition, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Siti Rizny F. Saldi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arvin Pramudita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fenna Hinssen
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Meutia Kumaheri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Siti Setiati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Productivity on Vitamin D and Bone Metabolism (2001-2020): Learn from the Past to Plan Future. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030542. [PMID: 35276901 PMCID: PMC8838326 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has long been known for preserving bone and non-skeletal health. Despite its magnitude of impact, scarce literature has explored the evolution of the relevant published literature. This study aimed at evaluating the trends and performance of Vitamin D and bone metabolism-related publications (2001−2020). All pertinent English language 16,887 articles were searched and extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) database and “R-Bibliometrix” was used for comprehensive analysis. Around 60,149 authors contributed from 114 countries, showing the USA on top with >1/4th of all articles, followed by Japan, China, and the United Kingdom. For authors, Cooper C, Dawson-Hughes B, and Holick MF were found to have written the most articles, citations and highest h-index, respectively. Corresponding authors from the top 20 countries collectively were responsible for around 84% of the articles. Among 2735 sources, Osteoporosis International (632), Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (569), and Bone (448) were foremost. Most prominent sources showed recent declining contributions. The increasing trend of publications with a higher spike from 2008 to 2014, followed by a gradual increase till 2017, was observed. Leading countries, affiliations, and authors showed collaborative publications and were mostly from developed countries with limited contributions, particularly from low- and middle-income countries.
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Antioxidant Activity of Milk and Dairy Products. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030245. [PMID: 35158569 PMCID: PMC8833589 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to present a review of literature data on the antioxidant potential of raw milk and dairy products (milk, fermented products, and cheese) and the possibility to modify its level at the milk production and processing stage. Based on the available reports, it can be concluded that the consumption of products that are a rich source of bioactive components improves the antioxidant status of the organism and reduces the risk of development of many civilization diseases. Milk and dairy products are undoubtedly rich sources of antioxidant compounds. Various methods, in particular, ABTS, FRAP, and DPPH assays, are used for the measurement of the overall antioxidant activity of milk and dairy products. Research indicates differences in the total antioxidant capacity of milk between animal species, which result from the differences in the chemical compositions of their milk. The content of antioxidant components in milk and the antioxidant potential can be modified through animal nutrition (e.g., supplementation of animal diets with various natural additives (herbal mixtures, waste from fruit and vegetable processing)). The antioxidant potential of dairy products is associated with the quality of the raw material as well as the bacterial cultures and natural plant additives used. Antioxidant peptides released during milk fermentation increase the antioxidant capacity of dairy products, and the use of probiotic strains contributes its enhancement. Investigations have shown that the antioxidant activity of dairy products can be enhanced by the addition of plant raw materials or their extracts in the production process. Natural plant additives should therefore be widely used in animal nutrition or as functional additives to dairy products.
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Zeljković A, Vladimirov S, Gojković T, Vekić J, Mihajlović M, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V. Biomarkers of vitamin D status in healthy adults: Associations with serum lipid parameters: A pilot study. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is among important healthcare challenges today. Traditionally, vitamin D status is assessed through determination of 25-hydroxy metabolite (25(OH)D), but novel data point to 24,25(OH)2D and 25(OH)D/24,25(OH)2D ratio (VDMR) as promising biomarkers. It is widely accepted that the biological role of vitamin D exceeds its well-known contribution to bone turnover. However, its effects on overall energy metabolism and lipid status alterations are not completely understood. In this study, we analyzed the relationship of vitamin D status assessed as concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, as well as VDMR with advanced lipid status parameters. Vitamin D status biomarkers, routine parameters of lipid status and size and distribution of lipoprotein subclasses were determined in 89 healthy adults (35 with adequate vitamin D status and 54 with vitamin D deficiency). Our results indicated a preponderance of proatherogenic small, dense LDL particles (sdLDL) in vitamin D deficient subjects. Both 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D were associated with a relative proportion of sdLDL (B: -0.410; SE: 0.154; P=0.010; and B: -2.041; SE: 0.969; P=0.039, respectively). Positive correlation was found for VDMR and relative proportion of HDL 3a particles (r=0.251; P=0.024). VDMR value was decreased in subjects with vitamin D deficiency (P=0.001), thus implying its usefulness as a biomarker. A thorough investigation of novel vitamin D biomarkers and advanced lipid status parameters can be useful in the estimation of individual risk for the development of cardiometabolic alterations.
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Amaral CSFD, Jordão ÉADOC, Oliveira CLD, Felix MMR, Kuschnir MCC, Kuschnir FC. Asthma and vitamin D in Brazilian adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). J Bras Pneumol 2021; 47:e20210281. [PMID: 34932722 PMCID: PMC8836642 DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20210281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between asthma prevalence and serum levels of vitamin D in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, school-based study involving adolescents between 12-17 years of age from four large Brazilian cities located at different latitudes (Fortaleza, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, and Porto Alegre). Information on asthma diagnosis, lifestyle, and sociodemographic characteristics was collected by means of self-administered questionnaires. Serum concentrations of calcifediol were dichotomized as sufficient (≥ 20 ng/mL) or insufficient/deficient (< 20 ng/mL) levels. Bivariate analyses were carried out between vitamin D levels and prevalence of active asthma (AA), as well as other variables in study, using the chi-square test. Generalized linear models were configured to analyze potential confounding factors (p < 0.20). Results: Between 2013 and 2014, 1,053 adolescents were evaluated. The prevalences of AA and insufficient/deficient levels of calcifediol were 15.4% and 21%, respectively. There were no statistically significant associations between AA and hypovitaminosis D. The prevalences of AA and vitamin D insufficiency were, respectively, 2.34 (95% CI, 1,28-4.30) and 3.22 (95% CI, 1.75-5.95) times higher in Porto Alegre than in Rio de Janeiro, regardless of possible confounding factors. However, no significant associations were found between the prevalence of AA and vitamin-D-related variables in any of the cities. Conclusions: No association was found between AA and low levels of vitamin D in adolescents living at different latitudes in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Soïdo Falcão do Amaral
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil
| | | | - Cecília Lacroix de Oliveira
- . Departamento de Nutrição Aplicada, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil
| | - Mara Morelo Rocha Felix
- . Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil
| | - Maria Cristina Caetano Kuschnir
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil.,. Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - NESA/UERJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil
| | - Fábio Chigres Kuschnir
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil.,. Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil
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Stable Rates of Low Vitamin D Status Among Children Despite Increased Testing: A Population-Based Study. J Pediatr 2021; 239:212-218.e2. [PMID: 34293368 PMCID: PMC9156447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the trends in testing and incidence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in Olmsted County, Minnesota over a 16-year period. STUDY DESIGN The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) was used to identify Olmsted County, Minnesota residents aged <19 years who had 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels measured between January 2, 2002 and December 31, 2017. Using each patient's first 25(OH)D measurement during this period, patients were categorized into 3 groups: <20 ng/mL, 20-50 ng/mL, and >50 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was defined as a total 25(OH)D level of <20 ng/mL. RESULTS There was a 42-fold increase in the proportion of the county's pediatric population tested each year, starting at 3.7 per 10 000 persons in 2002 and increasing to 156.1 per 10 000 persons in 2017. The largest increase in testing occurred in children aged ≥10 years, specifically the females in this age group, in whom we observed a 90-fold increase from 2002 to 2017. During the 16-year period, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (per 10 000 persons) increased from 1.7 in 2002-2003 to 19.9 in 2016-2017, but the proportion that were tested and had vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency remained stable, with rates of 21.9% (95% CI, 16.1%-29.1%) in 2006-2007 and 18.5% (95% CI, 16.0%-21.2%) in 2016-2017. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of the county's pediatric population who underwent vitamin D testing increased from 2002 to 2017, in parallel to the increased incidence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, but the proportion tested that had vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency remained stable over time.
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