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Dericioglu D, Methven L, Clegg ME. Understanding age-related changes: exploring the interplay of protein intake, physical activity and appetite in the ageing population. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38557431 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Globally, we are currently facing a rapid demographic shift leading to an increase in the proportion of older adults within the population. This raises concerns about the potential increase in age-related diseases and their impact on our ability to provide adequate health and end-of-life care. To apply appropriate interventions, understanding the changes that happen with ageing becomes essential. Ageing is often accompanied by a decrease in appetite and physical activity, which may lead to malnutrition, resulting in decreased muscle mass, physical capabilities and independence. To preserve muscle mass, older adults are advised to increase protein intake and physical activity. However, protein's high satiating effect may cause reduced energy intake. Physical activity is also advised to maintain or enhance older adult's appetite. This review paper aims to discuss appetite-related changes that occur with ageing and their consequences. In particular, it will focus on investigating the relationship between protein intake and physical activity and their impact on appetite and energy intake in the ageing population. Recent studies suggest that physical activity might contribute to maintaining or enhancing appetite in older adults. Nevertheless, establishing a definitive consensus on the satiating effect of protein in ageing remains a work in progress, despite some promising results in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Dericioglu
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Lisa Methven
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
- Food Research Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading,Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Miriam E Clegg
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Powter H, Lambert K, Nicholls N. Experiences and perspectives of integrating nutrition education into an exercise program for people with chronic medical conditions. Health Promot J Austr 2024. [PMID: 38200682 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Community-based healthy eating and exercise programs are effective interventions to support some people with chronic conditions. This research aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of participants regarding the integration of nutrition education into a successful group based exercise program for people with chronic medical conditions. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with past participants of a community based group exercise program (Health Moves) with embedded nutrition advice based in a regional area of New South Wales. A total of 60 individuals who had participated in the Health Moves program between 2017 and 2019 were invited to participate and 19 (32%) randomly selected participants consented to be interviewed. Interviews explored participants' experiences, program impacts, and barriers to sustaining changes post program. Similar concepts and patterns were grouped into themes. RESULTS Four themes were identified that described the experiences with a community-based group exercise intervention with a nutrition component. The major themes evident were that Health Moves facilitated motivation (via access to health professionals, peer support, accountability, affordability); and there were challenges identified to sustaining change (including cost, comorbidities, end of program support, environmental factors); Nutrition advice was valuable for some but not for all (difficulty recalling nutrition components, superficial coverage) Practical and interactive nutrition advice is desired. CONCLUSIONS Participants expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the program but require ongoing support to sustain changes post program. The position and integration of nutrition education within this exercise program was perceived by participants to be suboptimal. Increased access to practical, interactive nutrition education components may improve participant satisfaction and engagement. SO WHAT?: Key findings from this research include a desire for removal of didactic nutrition education sessions and request for increased peer support. Modifications to the program include the integration of interactive self-paced nutrition modules. Peer support partnerships are now encouraged by trainers to support ongoing motivation of participants to keep training together outside the structured exercise program and transition to managing their own exercise routine. Discussions between organisations involved about ongoing pathway/program support or reduced cost 'off peak' gym membership is underway to help with costs incurred by participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Powter
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelly Lambert
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natalie Nicholls
- Diabetes Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District (ISLHD), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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Clegg ME, Methven L, Lanham-New SA, Green MA, Duggal NA, Hetherington MM. The Food4Years Ageing Network: Improving foods and diets as a strategy for supporting quality of life, independence and healthspan in older adults. NUTR BULL 2023; 48:124-133. [PMID: 36718711 PMCID: PMC10946951 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
By 2050, it is predicted that one in four people in the United Kingdom will be aged 65 years and over. Increases in lifespan are not always translated into years spent in good health. Incidence rates for chronic diseases are increasing, with treatments allowing people to live longer with their disease. There is good evidence to support changes to lifestyle to maintain or improve body composition, cognitive health, musculoskeletal health, immune function and vascular health in older adults. Much research has been done in this area, which has produced significant support for foods and nutrients that contribute to improved healthspan. Yet two major barriers remain: firstly, older adult consumers are not meeting current UK recommendations for macro- and micronutrients that could benefit health and quality of life and secondly, the UK-specific recommendations may not be sufficient to support the ageing population, particularly for nutrients with key physiological roles. More work is needed to improve intakes of specific foods, diets and nutrients by older adults, through a variety of mechanisms including (i) development of specific food products; (ii) improved clarity of information and (iii) appropriate marketing, and policy changes to enable incentives. The Food4Years Ageing Network aims to build a wide-reaching and multidisciplinary community that is committed to the development, integration and communication of healthy, affordable foods and specific diets for all older adults across the UK food landscape. The Network will identify evidence-based strategies for improving food intake and nutrition in older adults, paving the way to "living well while living longer."
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E Clegg
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Lisa Methven
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Susan A Lanham-New
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Mark A Green
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Niharika A Duggal
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Ramsey MW, Reese-Smith J, Lemacks JL, Madson MB, Greer T, Bradford L, Aras S, Gipson JA, McLin DB. Key Focus Group Themes to Inform Weight Management Interventions in Deep South African Americans. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:647-659. [PMID: 35568686 PMCID: PMC9351227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand African Americans' perceptions, barriers, and facilitators to recruitment, enrollment, adoption, maintenance, and retention in a nutrition and physical activity promotion program. DESIGN Four focus groups were conducted. SETTING Two community settings located in Jackson and Hattiesburg, Mississippi. PARTICIPANTS Participants (n = 28) were aged 18-50 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Barriers and facilitators associated with healthy eating, physical activity, achieving a healthy weight, and participation in a health behavior change program. ANALYSIS A conventional thematic content analysis approach includes data familiarization, initial code generation, initial theme generation, themes review, and team review for finalization of themes. RESULTS Major themes related to health behaviors and participation in a behavior change program were identified by participants, including time constraints, costs, social support, consistency and self-efficacy, motivation for longevity and disease prevention, physical appearance, fear of injury/pain, social norms/stigma associated with outdoor physical activity, body criticism from family members, and having empathic and validating program staff support. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Several social determinants of health were identified as essential considerations for promoting healthy nutrition and physical activity behaviors among African American adult Mississippians. Cultural and spiritual implications were also identified. Study insights inform policy approaches for designing culturally appropriate health behavior change programs in the Deep South.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Ramsey
- Mississippi INBRE Telenutrition Center, Hattiesburg, MS; Department of Psychology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS.
| | - Jacqueline Reese-Smith
- Mississippi INBRE Telenutrition Center, Hattiesburg, MS; Houston Fire Department-Firefighter Support Network, Houston, TX
| | - Jennifer L Lemacks
- Mississippi INBRE Telenutrition Center, Hattiesburg, MS; University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS; Mississippi INBRE Community Engagement and Training Core, Hattiesburg, MS
| | - Michael B Madson
- Mississippi INBRE Telenutrition Center, Hattiesburg, MS; University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
| | - Tammy Greer
- Mississippi INBRE Telenutrition Center, Hattiesburg, MS; University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
| | | | - Sermin Aras
- University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
| | - June A Gipson
- Mississippi INBRE Community Engagement and Training Core, Hattiesburg, MS
| | - Dawn B McLin
- Department of Psychology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS
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Ramsey KA, Meskers CGM, Trappenburg MC, Bacalini MG, Delledonne M, Garagnani P, Greig C, Kallen V, van Meeteren N, van Riel N, Correia Santos N, Sipilä S, Thompson JL, Whittaker AC, Maier AB. The Physical Activity and Nutritional INfluences in Ageing (PANINI) Toolkit: A Standardized Approach towards Physical Activity and Nutritional Assessment of Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10061017. [PMID: 35742068 PMCID: PMC9222478 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing multiple domains of health in older adults requires multidimensional and large datasets. Consensus on definitions, measurement protocols and outcome measures is a prerequisite. The Physical Activity and Nutritional INfluences In Ageing (PANINI) Toolkit aims to provide a standardized toolkit of best-practice measures for assessing health domains of older adults with an emphasis on nutrition and physical activity. The toolkit was drafted by consensus of multidisciplinary and pan-European experts on ageing to standardize research initiatives in diverse populations within the PANINI consortium. Domains within the PANINI Toolkit include socio-demographics, general health, nutrition, physical activity and physical performance and psychological and cognitive health. Implementation across various countries, settings and ageing populations has proven the feasibility of its use in research. This multidimensional and standardized approach supports interoperability and re-use of data, which is needed to optimize the coordination of research efforts, increase generalizability of findings and ultimately address the challenges of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan A. Ramsey
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.A.R.); (C.G.M.M.)
| | - Carel G. M. Meskers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.A.R.); (C.G.M.M.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke C. Trappenburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amstelland Hospital, Laan van de Helende Meesters 8, 1186 AM Amstelveen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Giulia Bacalini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Padiglione G, Via Altura, 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni 33, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Alfred Nobels allé 8 141 52 Huddinge, 10316 Stockholm, Sweden
- Personal Genomics S.r.l., Via Roveggia, 43B, 37136 Verona, Italy
| | - Carolyn Greig
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (C.G.); (J.L.T.); (A.C.W.)
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD, UK
| | - Victor Kallen
- Department of Microbiology and System Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands;
| | - Nico van Meeteren
- Top Sector Life Sciences & Health (Health~Holland), Wilhelmina van Pruisenweg 104, 2595 AN The Hague, The Netherlands;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molenwaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natal van Riel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Nadine Correia Santos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra S. Claudio do Barco Caldas das Taipas, 4806-909 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Building Viveca (Viv), Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700 Jyväskylä, Finland;
| | - Janice L. Thompson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (C.G.); (J.L.T.); (A.C.W.)
| | - Anna C. Whittaker
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (C.G.); (J.L.T.); (A.C.W.)
- Sport, Health & Exercise Research & Education (SpHERE), Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Andrea B. Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.A.R.); (C.G.M.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-20-59-82000l
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Flores E, Nakagawa S, Moyer R, Bluethmann SM. Assessment of a Community-Based Exercise Program for Older Adults in a Mixed Rural/Urban Catchment Area: Silver Sneakers in Central Pennsylvania. Prev Chronic Dis 2022; 19:E04. [PMID: 35085067 PMCID: PMC8794261 DOI: 10.5888/pcd19.210283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to understand the capacity of Silver Sneakers, a federally funded and community-based exercise program, to serve older adults (aged ≥65 years) in our mixed rural/urban catchment area of central Pennsylvania. We identified 139 registered Silver Sneakers program locations; of these, 18 were closed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used questionnaires to interview Silver Sneakers program staff by telephone (n = 80 of 121, response rate of 66%). Most programs were offered by private gyms (52%). Fewer programs were in rural counties than in urban counties. Most facilities reported that membership was equally mixed by gender, and member retention strategies included program perks and promotion of Silver Sneakers as a Medicare benefit. Most (89%) programs were able to continue classes during the pandemic, in part by adapting to video platforms. Overall, Silver Sneakers programs offer a sustainable option to facilitate access to exercise programs and reduce barriers to physical activity among older adults in our catchment area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Flores
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Robinn Moyer
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Shirley M Bluethmann
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center - Public Health Sciences, 500 University Dr, Hershey, PA 17033.
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van Lonkhuijzen RMR, Cremers SS, de Vries JHMJ, Feskens EJME, Wagemakers MAEA. Evaluating ‘Power 4 a Healthy Pregnancy’ (P4HP) – protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial and process evaluation to empower pregnant women towards improved diet quality. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:148. [PMID: 35062921 PMCID: PMC8780817 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In general during pregnancy, women are aware of the importance of good diet quality, interested in nutrition, and receptive to changing dietary intake. However, adherence to dietary guidelines is sub-optimal. A pregnant woman’s first information source regarding nutrition information is her midwife. Healthy nutrition promotion by midwives may therefore be very promising, but midwives face multiple barriers in providing nutritional support. Empowering pregnant women to improve their diet quality is expected to improve their health. Therefore an empowerment intervention has been developed to improve diet quality among pregnant women. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of Power 4 a Healthy Pregnancy (P4HP). P4HP aims to empower pregnant women to have a healthier diet quality. Methods/design This study applies a mixed methodology consisting of a non-blinded cluster randomized trial with an intervention (P4HP) group and a control group and a process evaluation. Midwifery practices, the clusters, will be randomly allocated to the intervention arm (n = 7) and control arm (n = 7). Participating women are placed in intervention or control conditions based on their midwifery practice. Each midwifery practice includes 25 pregnant women, making 350 participants in total. Health related outcomes, diet quality, empowerment, Sense of Coherence, Quality of Life, and Self-Rated Health of participants will be assessed before (T0) and after (T1) the intervention. The process evaluation focuses on multidisciplinary collaboration, facilitators, and barriers, and consists of in-depth interviews with midwives, dieticians and pregnant women. Discussion This study is the first to evaluate an empowerment intervention to improve diet quality in this target population. This mixed method evaluation will contribute to knowledge about the effectiveness and feasibility regarding diet quality, empowerment, health-related outcomes, multidisciplinary collaboration, facilitators and barriers of the empowerment intervention P4HP. Results will help inform how to empower pregnant women to achieve improved diet quality by midwives and dieticians. If proven effective, P4HP has the potential to be implemented nationally and scaled up to a long-term trajectory from preconception to the postnatal phase. Trial registration The trial is prospectively registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NL9551). Date registered: 19/05/2021. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12543-z.
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Delhomme P, Gheorghiu A. Perceived stress, mental health, organizational factors, and self-reported risky driving behaviors among truck drivers circulating in France. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2021; 79:341-351. [PMID: 34848014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The growth of the European market for road-freight transport has recently led to important changes. The growing number of foreign pavilion drivers transiting in France, which plays a bridging role among European countries, has influenced the lives of truck drivers by increasing competition, pressure on day-to-day activities, and constraints related to delivery deadlines. Adding this new pressure to those inherent in the road-freight transport sector has raised concerns, especially ones linked to levels of perceived stress by truck drivers. METHOD With safety concerns in mind, we devised a questionnaire aimed at understanding how French truck drivers and non-French truck drivers, passing through four highway rest areas in France perceive stress, organizational factors, mental health, and risky driving behaviors. A sample of 515 truck drivers took part in the survey (260 French nationals), 97.9% of whom were male. RESULTS The results of a structural equation model indicated that perceived stress can increase self-reported risky driving behaviors among truck drivers. Furthermore, organizational factors and mental health were closely linked to perceived stress. Finally, some differences were found between French and non-French truck drivers with respect to mind-wandering and mental health, and to perceive driving difficulties to overcome and driving skills. Practical Applications: Several recommendations based on the findings are provided to policymakers and organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Delhomme
- Univ Gustave Eiffel, Université de Paris, LaPEA, F-78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Alexandra Gheorghiu
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Center for European Studies, Faculty of Law, Iasi, Romania
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Understanding Spatial Distribution of Retirement Villages: An Analysis of the Greater Brisbane Region. URBAN SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/urbansci5040089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The nature of the increasingly ageing populations of developed countries places residential issues of these populations at the heart of urban policy. Retirement villages as housing options for older adults in Australia has been growing steadily in recent years; however, there have been a dearth of geographical studies looking into the distribution of existing retirement villages at the regional level. This study aims to reveal the geographical distributions and cluster patterns of retirement villages in the Greater Brisbane Region of Australia to better understand and serve the living requirements of current and potential retirement village residents. The geovisualization method was adopted to visually explore the distribution patterns of retirement villages. The Global Moran’s I and Local Moran’s I measures were employed to analyze the spatial correlation and the clusters of retirement villages in the study region. The study revealed that distribution of retirement villages was not random (z-score = 7.11; p < 0.001), but clustered in nature and included hotspot patterns, especially along the coastline and Brisbane River areas. Moreover, for-profit and not-for-profit retirement villages have different distribution patterns and adopted significantly different tenure agreements. In the study region, the spatial distribution of retirement villages aligns with the aggregation trend of older residents. The findings of this study disclosed the spatial distribution patterns of retirement villages and will provide developers and policymakers with geographically referenced data for the choice of new development sites to meet the market demand of potential customers, forming aged-friendly development strategies, and eventually leading to improved quality of life for older Australians.
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Olawumi AL, Grema BA, Suleiman AK, Omeiza YS, Michael GC, Shuaibu A. Nutritional status and morbidity patterns of the elderly in a Northwestern Nigerian hospital: A cross-sectional study. Niger Postgrad Med J 2021; 28:160-168. [PMID: 34708701 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_545_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Context Nutrition is a significant factor in determining the health of older people because it affects almost all organs and systems, which could lead to varieties of diseases and premature death. Aim To determine the nutritional status and its association with the morbidity patterns of elderly patients. Settings and Design A cross-sectional hospital-based descriptive study involving 348 patients aged 60 years and above who presented at the Family Medicine Clinic. Subjects and Methods Data of the socio-demographic profile, anthropometric measurements and clinical diagnosis were collected. The co-morbidities were classified based on the number, duration and affected organ or system. The nutritional status was assessed with the Mini-Nutritional Assessment tool. Statistical Analysis Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine associations between nutritional status and morbidity patterns of the elderly. The level of significance was set at a P ≤ 0.05. Results A total of 348 respondents were recruited with 60.9% of females and mean age of 67.83 (standard deviation ± 7.53) years. The prevalence of malnutrition was 25.3% and of risk of malnutrition 56.6%. Furthermore, the prevalence of multi-morbidity was 74.4%. Advanced age (odd ratio = 8.911, confidence interval [CI] = 1.992-39.872, P = 0.004), underweight (OR = 1.167, CI = 0.291-37.846, P < 0.001), lack of formal education, (OR = 1.569, CI = 0.357-0.908, P = 0.018), low monthly income (OR = 1.975, CI = 1.376-2.836, P < 0.001), chronic respiratory diseases (OR = 4.250, CI = 4.025-4.492, P < 0.001) and physical inactivity (OR = 2.466, CI = 1.063-5.722, P = 0.036) were the predictors of malnutrition. Furthermore, the duration of chronic disease for more than 10 years (OR = 1.632, CI = 0.408-0.979, P = 0.040) was significantly associated with at-risk of malnutrition. Conclusion The study revealed advanced age, underweight, low educational status, chronic respiratory diseases and physical inactivity as independent risk factors for malnutrition among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bukar Alhaji Grema
- Department of Family Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Yakubu Sule Omeiza
- Department of Clinical Services and Training, National Orthopedic Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Abdulrahman Shuaibu
- Office of the Executive Secretary, Primary Healthcare Development Agency, Gombe State, Nigeria
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Borda MG, Ayala Copete AM, Tovar-Rios DA, Jaramillo-Jimenez A, Giil LM, Soennesyn H, Gómez-Arteaga C, Venegas-Sanabria LC, Kristiansen I, Chavarro-Carvajal DA, Caicedo S, Cano-Gutierrez CA, Vik-Mo A, Aarsland D. Association of Malnutrition with Functional and Cognitive Trajectories in People Living with Dementia: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1713-1722. [PMID: 33459715 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In dementia, functional status depends on multiple factors in addition to cognition. Nutritional status is a potentially modifiable factor related to homeostasis and proper functioning of body systems and may contribute to cognitive and functional decline. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to analyze the association of malnutrition with the course of cognitive and functional decline in people living with dementia. METHODS This is an analysis of a longitudinal cohort study, the Dementia Study of Western Norway. Data of 202 patients diagnosed with mild dementia were analyzed; Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 103), Lewy body dementia (LBD) (n = 74), and other dementias (OD) (n = 25). Cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination and functional decline through the activities of daily living included in the Rapid Disability Rating Scale. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Index was used to determine nutritional status. Associations of nutritional status with cognitive and functional decline were evaluated through adjusted linear mixed models. RESULTS At baseline, the prevalence of general malnutrition was 28.7%; 17.3% were classified as moderate malnutrition and 11.38% as severe malnutrition (there were no significant differences between AD and LBD). Malnutrition at diagnosis and over follow-up was a significant predictor of functional-decline, but not of cognitive decline. CONCLUSION According to our results malnutrition was associated with faster functional loss but, not cognitive decline in older adults with dementia. A more comprehensive dementia approach including nutritional assessments could improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Germán Borda
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital. Stavanger, Norway.,Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ana María Ayala Copete
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Geriatric Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego Alejandro Tovar-Rios
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital. Stavanger, Norway.,Universidad del Valle, School of Statistics, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, School of Basic Sciences, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Alberto Jaramillo-Jimenez
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital. Stavanger, Norway.,Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Lasse Melvær Giil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hogne Soennesyn
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital. Stavanger, Norway
| | - Camilo Gómez-Arteaga
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Geriatric Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis Carlos Venegas-Sanabria
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Geriatric Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia.,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Ida Kristiansen
- The Norwegian Center for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Diego Andrés Chavarro-Carvajal
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Geriatric Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sandra Caicedo
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Geriatric Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Alberto Cano-Gutierrez
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Geriatric Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Audun Vik-Mo
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital. Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital. Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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12
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Taylor JK, Ndiaye H, Daniels M, Ahmed F. Lockdown, slow down: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity-an observational study. Open Heart 2021; 8:openhrt-2021-001600. [PMID: 34088789 PMCID: PMC8184349 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK was placed under strict lockdown measures on 23 March 2020. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects on physical activity (PA) levels using data from the prospective Triage-HF Plus Evaluation study. Methods This study represents a cohort of adult patients with implanted cardiac devices capable of measuring activity by embedded accelerometery via a remote monitoring platform. Activity data were available for the 4 weeks pre-implementation and post implementation of ‘stay at home’ lockdown measures in the form of ‘minutes active per day’ (min/day). Results Data were analysed for 311 patients (77.2% men, mean age 68.8, frailty 55.9%. 92.2% established heart failure (HF) diagnosis, of these 51.2% New York Heart Association II), with comorbidities representative of a real-world cohort. Post-lockdown, a significant reduction in median PA equating to 20.8 active min/day was seen. The reduction was uniform with a slightly more pronounced drop in PA for women, but no statistically significant difference with respect to age, body mass index, frailty or device type. Activity dropped in the immediate 2-week period post-lockdown, but steadily returned thereafter. Median activity week 4 weeks post-lockdown remained significantly lower than 4 weeks pre-lockdown (p≤0.001). Conclusions In a population of predominantly HF patients with cardiac devices, activity reduced by approximately 20 min active per day in the immediate aftermath of strict COVID-19 lockdown measures. Trial registration number NCT04177199.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Kathryn Taylor
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK .,Manchester Heart Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Haarith Ndiaye
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew Daniels
- Manchester Heart Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Fozia Ahmed
- Manchester Heart Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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13
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van der Avoort CMT, Ten Haaf DSM, de Vries JHM, Verdijk LB, van Loon LJC, Eijsvogels TMH, Hopman MTE. Higher Levels of Physical Activity Are Associated with Greater Fruit and Vegetable intake in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:230-241. [PMID: 33491039 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High levels of physical activity (PA) and optimal nutrition independently improve healthy aging, but few data are available about how PA may influence food preferences in older populations. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish if there is an association between habitual PA and intake of nutrient-dense foods (i.e. fruits and vegetables). DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted. SETTING The Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 2466 older adults (56% male, age 62±9 yr). MEASUREMENTS PA was assessed using the short questionnaire to assess health (SQUASH) and participants were classified into quintiles of weekly PA (MET-h/wk). Total fruit and vegetable intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and were corrected for energy intake (g/kcal/d) in the analyses. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between PA and fruit and vegetable intake, including covariates. RESULTS Being in the higher quintiles of PA (Q3, Q4 and Q5) was positively associated with more daily fruit and vegetable consumption, even after correction for total energy intake (Q3; β=0.089, P<0.001, Q4; β=0.047, P=0.024, Q5; β=0.098, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Older adults who are moderately to highly physically active tend to consume more fruit and vegetable compared to less active peers, when corrected for total energy intake. Female gender, under- and overreporting dietary intake (Goldberg score), non-smoking, high level of education, less alcohol consumption and a lower body mass index positivity affected this relationship. Our data will help health-care professionals to accelerate their efforts to treat and prevent chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M T van der Avoort
- Cindy M.T. van der Avoort, MSc., Institute of Sport and Exercise Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Heyendaalseweg 141, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Tel: + 31-24-3530500, E-mail:
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14
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Tekindal M, Çevriml M, Akin A, Mat B, Arikan M, Polat M. The relationship between consumption of animal products and expenditure levels with Quality of Life Scores (SF-36) by veterinary students in Turkey. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The present study aimed to calculate the quality of life scores (Short Form-36) of veterinary students in Turkey and review their scores with regards to different socio-demographic characteristics. A total of 1211 students studying veterinary medicine in 26 different faculties in Turkey were selected by stratified sampling method and were asked questions concerning their consumption of and expenditures on foods of animal origin using the SF-36 questionnaire between October and December 2018. Significant differences were found between SF-36 components in terms of year level, gender, accommodation status, income level, and level of expenditures on foods and foods of animal origin (P<0.01). With the increase in the size of the budget set aside for animal products, the scores in the domains of physical functioning, vitality, mental health, pain, and general health perception also enhanced, and statistically significant differences were found (P<0.01). The low quality of life scores of the veterinary students can be improved by increasing their income level and consumption of foods of animal origin. This will ensure that they are energetic and have the desired level of mental and general health perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A.C. Akin
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
| | - B. Mat
- Selçuk University, Turkey
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15
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Harvey C, Ratcliffe P, Gulliford MC. Well-being, physical activity and long-term conditions: cross-sectional analysis of Health Survey for England 2016. Public Health 2020; 185:368-374. [PMID: 32739777 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether physical activity is associated with greater well-being in people with multiple long-term conditions or limiting long-term illness (LLI). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Health Survey for England 2016. METHODS The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being score (WEMWBS) was evaluated according to number of days per week with >30 min moderate or vigorous activity. LLI and number of long-term conditions were evaluated as effect modifiers, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, body mass index and education. Marginal effects were estimated for female non-smokers, aged 45-54 years. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 5952 adults (female, 3275; male, 2677) including 1104 (19%) with non-limiting long-term illness and 1486 (25%) with LLI. There were 2065 (35%) with 1-2 long-term conditions, 461 (8%) with 3-4 and 58 (1%) with 5-6 long-term conditions. Participants with LLI were less likely to engage in physical activity on 5 or more days per week (LLI, 24%; No LLI, 47%) and more likely to be inactive (LLI, 41%; No LLI 13%). The adjusted marginal mean WEMWBS for inactive participants with no long-term illness was 49.0 (95% confidence interval 48.1 to 50.0), compared with 51.1 (50.4-51.8) if active on 5+ days per week. In LLI, the adjusted marginal mean WEMWBS was 41.6 (40.7-42.5) if inactive but 47.6 (46.6-48.6) if active on 5+ days per week. Similar associations were observed for the number of long-term conditions. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity may be associated with greater increments in well-being among people with multiple long-term conditions or LLI than those without.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Harvey
- King's College London, School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - P Ratcliffe
- King's College London, School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - M C Gulliford
- King's College London, School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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16
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Gehlich KH, Beller J, Lange-Asschenfeldt B, Köcher W, Meinke MC, Lademann J. Consumption of fruits and vegetables: improved physical health, mental health, physical functioning and cognitive health in older adults from 11 European countries. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:634-641. [PMID: 30729805 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1571011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables has been found to contribute to physical health and physical functioning. However, health is not limited to the absence of physical diseases but also encompasses mental health and cognition. Thus, we wanted to examine how the consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with overall health, including mental health and cognitive health of older European adults.Design: We used multilevel regression analysis (participants nested within countries) to examine the effects of nutrition on overall health. Participants were asked in 2011 about their health behaviour including nutritional habits. Several health outcomes were measured longitudinally in 2013: Self-rated health, grip strength, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), activities of daily living (ADL), mobility, depression, quality of life, short-term memory, and long-term memory.Setting: We used the 2011 and 2013 waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), a multi-national population survey of older adults.Subjects:N = 22,635 older adults were sampled from 11 European countries.Results: Frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with improved health outcomes, including cognitive and mental health.Conclusions: Frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables contributes to slower disablement processes and might be an easily implementable way to improve the overall health of older adults. Future studies should examine the cross-national differences in the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin H Gehlich
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Beller
- Institut für Psychologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Lange-Asschenfeldt
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Abteilung für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | | | - Martina C Meinke
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Milte CM, Ball K, Crawford D, McNaughton SA. Diet quality and cognitive function in mid-aged and older men and women. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:361. [PMID: 31864295 PMCID: PMC6925482 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To date much research into nutrition and cognitive function has been at the nutrient or food level, with inconsistent results. There is increasing interest in the dietary pattern approach to assess whole diet quality and its association with cognitive function. This study investigated if diet quality is associated with cognitive function in men and women aged 55 years and over. Methods Adults aged 55–65 years in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia (n = 617) completed a postal survey including a 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2010 and 2014. Diet quality was assessed via the revised dietary guideline index (DGI-2013) and also by its individual components which assessed key food groups and dietary behaviours from the Australian Dietary Guidelines. The Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS-m) measured cognitive function in 2014. Associations between past (2010) and recent (2014) diet quality and its components, and cognitive function were assessed by linear regression adjusted for covariates. Results After adjustment for age, sex, education, urban/rural status and physical activity there were no associations between diet quality in 2010 and cognitive function in 2014. However participants who reported higher dietary variety (B = 0.28, 95% CI 0.03, 0.52) and women who reported “sometimes” adding salt to food after cooking (B = 0.98, 95% CI 0.25, 1.71) in 2010 displayed better cognitive function in 2014. In 2014, usual consumption of higher fibre bread choices in the total sample (B = 1.32, 95% CI 0.42, 2.23), and higher diet quality (B = 0.03, 95% CI 0.00, 0.07) and greater fluid consumption (B = 0.14, 95% CI 0.01, 0.27) in men were all associated with better cognitive function. In addition, men who reported “usually” adding salt to their food during cooking displayed poorer cognitive function (B = -1.37, 95% CI -2.39, − 0.35). There were no other associations between dietary intake and cognitive function observed in the adjusted models. Conclusion An association between dietary variety and some limited dietary behaviours and cognitive function was observed, with variation by gender. Future research should consider trajectories of dietary change over longer time periods as determinants of health and function in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Milte
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic 3125, Australia.
| | - Kylie Ball
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic 3125, Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic 3125, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic 3125, Australia
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18
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Thorpe MG, Milte CM, Crawford D, McNaughton SA. Education and lifestyle predict change in dietary patterns and diet quality of adults 55 years and over. Nutr J 2019; 18:67. [PMID: 31699092 PMCID: PMC6839215 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diet is a key risk factor for chronic disease, and an increasing concern among older adults. We aim to examine the changes in dietary patterns using principal component analysis and a diet quality index among older adults and examine the predictors of dietary change over a 4 year period. Methods Data was obtained via a postal survey in a prospective cohort, the Wellbeing Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study. Australian adults aged 55 years and over (n = 1005 men and n = 1106 women) completed a food frequency at three time points and provided self-reported personal characteristics. Principal component analysis was used to assess dietary patterns and diet quality was assessed using the 2013 Revised Dietary Guideline Index. The relationships between predictors and change in dietary patterns were assessed by multiple linear regression. Results Two dietary patterns were consistently identified in men and women at three time points over 4 years. One was characterised by vegetables, fruit and white meat, and the other was characterised by red and processed meat and processed foods. Reduced consumption of key food groups within the principal component analysis-determined dietary patterns was observed. An increase in diet quality over 4 years was observed in men only. Reported higher education levels and favourable lifestyle characteristics, including not smoking and physical activity, at baseline predicted an increase in healthier dietary patterns over 4 years. Conclusions There was stability in the main dietary patterns identified over time, however participants reported an overall decrease in the frequency of consumption of key food groups. Compliance with the Australian Dietary Guidelines remained poor and therefore targeting this population in nutritional initiatives is important. Design of nutrition promotion for older adults need to consider those with lower socioeconomic status, as having a lower level of education was a predictor of poorer dietary patterns. It is important to consider how nutrition behaviours can be targeted alongside other lifestyle behaviours, such as smoking and inadequate physical activity to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maree G Thorpe
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Catherine M Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
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19
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Zgheib E, Ramia E, Hallit S, Boulos C, Salameh P. Factors Associated with Functional Disability Among Lebanese Elderly Living in Rural Areas: Role of Polypharmacy, Alcohol Consumption, and Nutrition-based on the Aging and Malnutrition in Elderly Lebanese (AMEL) Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2019; 8:82-90. [PMID: 30859793 PMCID: PMC7325811 DOI: 10.2991/j.jegh.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective is to describe disability risk factors in Lebanese elderly living in rural settings, focusing on the role of polypharmacy, alcohol consumption, and nutrition. The Aging and Malnutrition in Elderly Lebanese study, a cross-sectional population-based one (April 2011–April 2012), included 1200 individuals aged ≥65 years from 24 Lebanese rural districts. The results showed that 288 (24%) were disabled and 287 (23.9%) exposed to polypharmacy. More disabled participants were found among patients exposed to polypharmacy (40.8%) than those who were not (18.8%). Major classes associated with disability were “Parkinson” and “Alzheimer” medications, with “alcohol consumption” being responsible for a major interaction with medications. Chronic diseases, nutrition, and socioeconomic status also had a large effect on disability. Skin ulcer (ORa = 8.569; CI 5.330–14.823), followed by dementia (ORa = 3.667; CI 1.167–8.912), and anti-gout drugs (ORa = 3.962; CI 1.290–7.622) were found to be significantly associated with increased odds of disability the most. Many factors are associated with disability among elderly, including polypharmacy and the association of medications with alcohol. Counseling of the elderly caregivers is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Zgheib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elsy Ramia
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christa Boulos
- Department of nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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20
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How and why does discretionary food consumption change when we promote fruit and vegetables? Results from the ShopSmart randomised controlled trial. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:124-133. [PMID: 31570114 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019002830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to identify whether discretionary food consumption declined in an intervention focused primarily on promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. We also aimed to identify potential mediators explaining intervention effects on discretionary food consumption. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from the ShopSmart study, a randomised controlled trial involving a 6-month intervention promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. Linear regression models examined intervention effects on discretionary food consumption at intervention completion (T2). A half-longitudinal mediator analyses was performed to examine the potential mediating effect of personal and environmental factors on the association between the intervention effects and discretionary food consumption. Indirect (mediated) effects were tested by the product of coefficients method with bootstrapped se using Andrew Hayes' PROCESS macro for SPSS. SETTING Women were recruited via the Coles FlyBuys loyalty card database in socio-economically disadvantaged suburbs of Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Analyses included 225 women (116 intervention and 109 control). RESULTS Compared with controls, intervention participants consumed fewer discretionary foods at T2, after adjusting for key confounders (B = -0·194, 95 % CI -0·378, -0·010 servings/d; P = 0·039). While some mediators were associated with the outcome (taste, outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, time constraints), there was no evidence that they mediated intervention effects. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that a behavioural intervention promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among socio-economically disadvantaged participants was effective in reducing discretionary food intake. Although specific mediators were not identified, researchers should continue searching for mechanisms by which interventions have an effect to guide future programme design.
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21
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Gregorič M, Zdešar Kotnik K, Pigac I, Gabrijelčič Blenkuš M. A Web-Based 24-H Dietary Recall Could Be a Valid Tool for the Indicative Assessment of Dietary Intake in Older Adults Living in Slovenia. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092234. [PMID: 31527530 PMCID: PMC6770526 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The methodology used in dietary surveys could, to a large extent, follow the instructions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), where 24-h dietary recall (24HDR) is recommended for (sub) population studies. However, it is necessary to examine the suitability of 24HDR for indicative dietary intake in older adults. This study aimed to compare participants’ dietary intakes with the recommendations and to compare dietary intakes derived from a 24HDR using an OPEN web-based application to those obtained from reference weighed food records (WFRs). Forty-nine Slovenian residential home residents completed both assessments, and a comparison with dietary reference values was performed. Estimates from these two methods were compared and the correlations between them were assessed. The findings revealed that dietary intakes derived from the WFR method mostly differed from the recommended intakes. The 24HDR underestimated dietary intake compared to the WFR for 66% of monitored parameters, while 75% of these parameters were correlated, mostly at a moderate level (0.3–0.69). In conclusion, the diets of residential home residents in this study mostly differed from recommendations. Both methods for dietary intake assessment provided comparable results for most of the monitored parameters in expected deviations. A web-based 24HDR could be a valid tool for the indicative assessment of dietary intake in older adults. However, further validations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Gregorič
- Health Survey and Health Promotion Centre, National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Katja Zdešar Kotnik
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Igor Pigac
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mojca Gabrijelčič Blenkuš
- Health Survey and Health Promotion Centre, National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Beltrán MDPD, Romero YMH. Healthy eating and restaurants. A review of recent evidence in the literature. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:853-864. [PMID: 30892506 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018243.03132017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Food environments influence food consumption and population health. This study sought to establish the outstanding themes in recent scientific literature about healthy eating and restaurants. Studies about the topic published from 2011 to 2016 in seven recognized databases were reviewed systematically. From 999 titles, 20 articles were selected. Content analysis through an inductive method by two independent investigators was performed using Nvivo 10.0. Three dominant subjects were identified: Food supply modifications, promotion of healthy choices and barriers against healthy eating promotion. The findings describe research opportunities in the area, particularly in the Latin American context. It is necessary to make interventions that result in healthy food environments given the impact on collective health.
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Abstract
All people want to age "successfully," maintaining functional capacity and quality of life as they reach advanced age. Achieving this goal depends on preserving optimal cognitive and brain functioning. Yet, significant individual differences exist in this regard. Some older adults continue to retain most cognitive abilities throughout their lifetime. Others experience declines in cognitive and functional capacity that range from mild decrements in certain cognitive functions over time to severe dementia among those with neurodegenerative diseases. Even among relatively healthy "successful agers," certain cognitive functions are reduced from earlier levels. This is particularly true for cognitive functions that are dependent on cognitive processing speed and efficiency. Working memory and executive and attentional functions tend to be most vulnerable. Learning and memory functions are also usually reduced, although in the absence of neurodegenerative disease learning and retrieval efficiency rather than memory storage are affected. Other functions, such as visual perception, language, semantics, and knowledge, are often well preserved. Structural, functional, and physiologic/metabolic brain changes correspond with age-associated cognitive decline. Physiologic and metabolic mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, may contribute to these changes, along with the contribution of comorbidities that secondarily affect the brain of older adults. Cognitive frailty often corresponds with physical frailty, both affected by multiple exogenous and endogenous factors. Neuropsychologic assessment provides a way of measuring the cognitive and functional status of older adults, which is useful for monitoring changes that may be occurring. Neuroimaging is also useful for characterizing age-associated structural, functional, physiologic, and metabolic brain changes, including alterations in cerebral blood flow and metabolite concentrations. Some interventions that may enhance cognitive function, such as cognitive training, neuromodulation, and pharmacologic approaches, exist or are being developed. Yet, preventing, slowing, and reversing the adverse effects of cognitive aging remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Michael M Marsiske
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Glenn E Smith
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Associations between Body Mass Index and Subjective Health Outcomes among Older Adults: Findings from the Yilan Study, Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122645. [PMID: 30486260 PMCID: PMC6313453 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous findings on the associations between body mass index (BMI) and subjective health outcomes among older adults are inconsistent. The aims of this study were to explore the associations of BMI with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), self-rated health (SRH) and happiness among older adults. This study was part of the Yilan study, which was a community-based survey conducted in the Yilan city in Taiwan. A total of 3722 older adults were randomly recruited during 2012–2016. HRQoL was measured using the Short Form-12 Health Survey physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores and SRH and happiness were also evaluated. By hierarchical regression, after adjusting for covariates, compared with normal-weight participants, overweight did not have significantly different PCS scores (B = 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.45 to 0.85, p = 0.546) but obese had significantly lower PCS scores (B = −0.97, 95% CI: −1.68 to −0.26, p < 0.0001); overweight and obese participants had significantly better MCS scores (B = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.61, p = 0.001 and B = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.60 to 1.88, p < 0.0001, respectively); overweight participants had significantly higher SRH scores (B = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.16 to 2.00, p = 0.022) but underweight had significantly lower SRH scores (B = −2.88, 95% CI: −4.81 to −0.95, p = 0.003); overweight and obese participants had better happiness scores (B = 1.55, 95% CI: 0.45 to 2.66, p = 0.006 and B = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.49 to 2.88, p = 0.006, respectively). In conclusion, compared with normal-weight individuals, overweight individuals had better mental HRQoL, SRH and happiness but underweight older people reported poorer SRH and obese reported poorer physical HRQOL but better mental HRQoL and self-rated happiness.
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Fernandes SG, Rodrigues AM, Nunes C, Santos O, Gregório MJ, de Sousa RD, Dias S, Canhão H. Food Insecurity in Older Adults: Results From the Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Cohort Study 3. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:203. [PMID: 30050904 PMCID: PMC6052142 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The public health problem of food insecurity also affects the elderly population. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of household food insecurity and its associations with chronic disease and health-related quality of life characteristics in individuals ≥65 years of age living in the community in Portugal. Methods: The data were collected from the Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Cohort Study 3 (EpiDoC3)-Promoting Food Security Study (2015-2016), which was the third evaluation wave of the EpiDoC and represented the Portuguese adult population. Food insecurity was assessed using a psychometric scale adapted from the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. The data on sociodemographic variables, chronic disease, and management of chronic disease were self-reported. Health-related quality of life were assessed using the European Quality of Life Survey (version validated for the Portuguese population). Logistic regression models were used to determine crude and adjusted odds ratios (for age group, gender, region, and education). The dependent variable was the perceived level of food security. Results: Among older adults, 23% were living in a food-insecure household. The odds of living in a food-insecure household were higher for individuals in the 70-74 years age group (odds ratio (OR) = 1.405, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.392-1.417), females (OR = 1.545, 95% CI 1.534-1.556), those with less education (OR = 3.355, 95% CI 3.306-3.404), low income (OR = 4,150, 95% CI 4.091-4.210), and those reporting it was very difficult to live with the current income (OR = 16.665, 95% CI 16.482-16.851). The odds of having a chronic disease were also greater among individuals living in food-insecure households: diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.832, 95% CI 1.818-1.846), pulmonary diseases (OR = 1.628, 95% CI 1.606-1.651), cardiac disease (OR = 1.329, 95% CI 1.319-1.340), obesity (OR = 1.493, 95% CI 1.477-1.508), those who reduced their frequency of medical visits (OR = 4.381, 95% CI 4.334-4.428), and who stopped taking medication due to economic difficulties (OR = 5.477, 95% CI 5.422-5.532). Older adults in food-insecure households had lower health-related quality of life (OR = 0.212, 95% CI 0.210-0.214). Conclusions: Our findings indicated that food insecurity was significantly associated with economic factors, higher values for prevalence of chronic diseases, poor management of chronic diseases, and decreased health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone G. Fernandes
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Rodrigues
- CEDOC, EpiDoc Unit – Unidade de Epidemiologia em Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Nunes
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Osvaldo Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Gregório
- CEDOC, EpiDoc Unit – Unidade de Epidemiologia em Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rute Dinis de Sousa
- CEDOC, EpiDoc Unit – Unidade de Epidemiologia em Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Dias
- CEDOC, EpiDoc Unit – Unidade de Epidemiologia em Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Canhão
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CEDOC, EpiDoc Unit – Unidade de Epidemiologia em Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Schnettler B, Miranda-Zapata E, Lobos G, Lapo M, Grunert KG, Adasme-Berríos C, Hueche C. Cross-cultural measurement invariance in the satisfaction with food-related life scale in older adults from two developing countries. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:113. [PMID: 28558803 PMCID: PMC5450115 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition is one of the major determinants of successful aging. The Satisfaction with Food-related Life (SWFL) scale measures a person's overall assessment regarding their food and eating habits. The SWFL scale has been used in older adult samples across different countries in Europe, Asia and America, however, there are no studies that have evaluated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the scale in older adult samples. Therefore, we evaluated the measurement invariance of the SWFL scale across older adults from Chile and Ecuador. METHODS Stratified random sampling was used to recruit a sample of older adults of both genders from Chile (mean age = 71.38, SD = 6.48, range = 60-92) and from Ecuador (mean age = 73.70, SD = 7.45, range = 60-101). Participants reported their levels of satisfaction with food-related life by completing the SWFL scale, which consists of five items grouped into a single dimension. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine cross-cultural measurement invariance of the SWFL scale. RESULTS Results showed that the SWFL scale exhibited partial measurement invariance, with invariance of all factor loadings, invariance in all but one item's threshold (item 1) and invariance in all items' uniqueness (residuals), which leads us to conclude that there is a reasonable level of partial measurement invariance for the CFA model of the SWFL scale, when comparing the Chilean and Ecuadorian older adult samples. The lack of invariance in item 1 confirms previous studies with adults and emerging adults in Chile that suggest this item is culture-sensitive. We recommend revising the wording of the first item of the SWFL in order to relate the statement with the person's life. CONCLUSIONS The SWFL scale shows partial measurement invariance across older adults from Chile and Ecuador. A 4-item version of the scale (excluding item 1) provides the basis for international comparisons of satisfaction with food-related life in older adults from developing countries in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Schnettler
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Edgardo Miranda-Zapata
- LICSA, Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Germán Lobos
- Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - María Lapo
- Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Clementina Hueche
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Power BT, Kiezebrink K, Allan JL, Campbell MK. Understanding perceived determinants of nurses' eating and physical activity behaviour: a theory-informed qualitative interview study. BMC OBESITY 2017; 4:18. [PMID: 28491327 PMCID: PMC5422972 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-017-0154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy eating and physical activity behaviours are common among nurses but little is known about determinants of eating and physical activity behaviour in this population. The present study used a theoretical framework which summarises the many possible determinants of different health behaviours (the Theoretical Domains Framework; TDF) to systematically explore the most salient determinants of unhealthy eating and physical activity behaviour in hospital-based nurses. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews based on the TDF were conducted with nurses (n = 16) to explore factors that behavioural theories suggest may influence nurses' eating and physical activity behaviour. Important determinants of the target behaviours were identified using both inductive coding (of categories emerging from the data) and deductive coding (of categories derived from the TDF) of the qualitative data. RESULTS Thirteen of the fourteen domains in the TDF were found to influence nurses' eating and physical activity behaviour. Within these domains, important barriers to engaging in healthy eating and physical activity behaviour were shift work, fatigue, stress, beliefs about negative consequences, the behaviours of family and friends and lack of planning. Important factors reported to enable engagement with healthy eating and physical activity behaviours were beliefs about benefits, the use of self-monitoring strategies, support from work colleagues, confidence, shift work, awareness of useful guidelines and strategies, good mood, future holidays and receiving compliments. CONCLUSIONS This study used a theory-informed approach by applying the TDF to identify the key perceived determinants of nurses' eating and physical activity behaviour. The findings suggest that future efforts to change nurses' eating and physical activity behaviours should consider targeting a broad range of environmental, interpersonal and intrapersonal level factors, consistent with a socio-ecological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. Power
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB UK
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
- Health Psychology, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Kirsty Kiezebrink
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Julia L. Allan
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
- Health Psychology, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Marion K. Campbell
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
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Is the Association between Park Proximity and Recreational Physical Activity among Mid-Older Aged Adults Moderated by Park Quality and Neighborhood Conditions? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020192. [PMID: 28216609 PMCID: PMC5334746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported mixed findings on the relationship between park proximity and recreational physical activity (PA), which could be explained by park quality and the surrounding neighborhood environment. We examined whether park quality and perceptions of the neighborhood physical and social environment moderated associations between park proximity and recreational PA among mid-older aged adults. Cross-sectional self-reported data on park proximity, park quality, neighborhood physical and social environmental factors, recreational walking and other moderate- to vigorous-intensity recreational physical activity (MVPA) were collected among 2700 Australian adults (57–69 years) in 2012. Main effects between park proximity and measures of recreational PA were non-significant. Park proximity was positively related to engagement in recreational walking among participants who reported average and high social trust and cohesion, but not among those reporting low social trust and cohesion. No other moderating effects were observed. Current findings suggest synergistic relationships between park proximity and social trust and cohesion with mid-older aged adults’ recreational walking. More research is needed to unravel the complex relationship between parks, recreational PA and the social context of neighborhoods.
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Using concept mapping in the development of the EU-PAD framework (EUropean-Physical Activity Determinants across the life course): a DEDIPAC-study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1145. [PMID: 27825370 PMCID: PMC5101801 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3800-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large proportion of European children, adults and older adults do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA). Understanding individual and contextual factors associated with PA behaviours is essential for the identification and implementation of effective preventative environments, policies, and programmes that can promote an active lifestyle across life course and can potentially improve health. The current paper intends to provide 1) a multi-disciplinary, Pan-European and life course view of key determinants of PA behaviours and 2) a proposal of how these factors may cluster. Methods After gathering a list of 183 potential PA behaviours-associated factors and a consensus meeting to unify/consolidate terminology, a concept mapping software was used to collate European experts’ views of 106 identified factors for youth (<19 years), adults (19–64 years), and older adults (≥65 years). The analysis evaluated common trends in the clustering of factors and the ratings of the distinct factors’ expected modifiability and population-level impact on PA behaviours across the life course. Priority for research was also assessed for each cluster. Results The concept mapping resulted in six distinct clusters, broadly merged in two themes: 1) the ‘Person’, which included clusters ‘Intra-Personal Context and Wellbeing’ and ‘Family and Social Economic Status’ (42 % of all factors) and 2) the ‘Society’, which included the remaining four clusters ‘Policy and Provision’, ‘Cultural Context and Media’, ‘Social Support and Modelling’, and ‘Supportive Environment’ (58 % of all factors). Overall, 25 factors were rated as the most impactful on PA behaviours across the life course and being the most modifiable. They were mostly situated in the ‘Intra-Personal Context and Wellbeing’ cluster. Furthermore, 16 of them were rated as top priority for research. Conclusions The current framework provides a preliminary overview of factors which may account for PA behaviour across the life course and are most relevant to the European community. These insights could potentially be a foundation for future Pan-European research on how these factors might interact with each other, and assist policy makers to identify appropriate interventions to maximize PA behaviours and thus the health of European citizens.
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Milte CM, Russell AP, Ball K, Crawford D, Salmon J, McNaughton SA. Diet quality and telomere length in older Australian men and women. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:363-372. [PMID: 27785566 PMCID: PMC5847066 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Telomere length is a biomarker of cellular ageing, with longer telomeres associated with longevity and reduced risk of chronic disease in older age. Consumption of a healthy diet may contribute to longevity via its impact on cellular ageing, but studies on diet and telomere length to date have been limited and their findings equivocal. The aim of this study was to examine associations between three indices of diet quality and telomere length in older men and women. METHODS Adults aged 57-68 years participating in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia (n = 679), completed a postal survey including an 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2012. Diet quality was assessed via three indices: the Dietary Guideline Index, the Recommended Food Score, and the Mediterranean Diet Score. Relative telomere length was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Associations between diet quality and telomere length were assessed using linear regression adjusted for covariates. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI), there were no significant associations between diet quality and relative telomere length. CONCLUSIONS In a sample of older adults residing in Victoria, Australia, men and women aged 57-68 years with better-quality diets did not have longer telomeres. Further investigation in longitudinal studies will determine whether diet can influence telomere length over time in an ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Aaron P Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Blackford K, Jancey J, Lee AH, James AP, Waddell T, Howat P. Home-based lifestyle intervention for rural adults improves metabolic syndrome parameters and cardiovascular risk factors: A randomised controlled trial. Prev Med 2016; 89:15-22. [PMID: 27196148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Targeted interventions to reduce MetS for high risk populations are crucial for the prevention of these chronic diseases. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 6-month home-based physical activity and diet intervention for rural adults with, or at risk of MetS. The randomised controlled trial was conducted in Albany and surrounding towns, Western Australia, 2014-2015. Participants were screened for MetS using the International Diabetes Federation criteria, and eligible participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=201) or control (n=200) group. The intervention group received printed and online programme materials and motivational support, and the control group was waitlisted to receive the programme after post-test data collection. Anthropometry, lipid profiles, glycaemic status, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and 6-months post-test. In total, 312 (77.8%) participants completed post-test data collection and were included in the anthropometric analysis, and 274 (68.3%) participants were included in the blood sample analysis. After controlling for confounders, the intervention group significantly improved their triglyceride (-0.10mM, p=0.002), total cholesterol (-0.09mM, p=0.02), and non-HDL cholesterol (-0.08mM, p=0.02) concentrations compared to the control group. Waist circumference (-2.11cm, p=0.03), waist-to-hip ratio (-0.01, p=0.04), weight (-0.70kg, p=0.01), and body mass index (-0.20kg/m(2), p<0.001) were also improved. These findings suggest that comprehensive home-based prevention programmes that include a combination of dietary and physical activity interventions are a promising means to prevent the onset of chronic disease in rural adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12614000512628.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysten Blackford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anthony P James
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tracy Waddell
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter Howat
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Hurree N, Jeewon R. An Analysis of Contributors to Energy Intake Among Middle Aged and Elderly Adults. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.4.special-issue-elderly-november.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adulthood and middle age is widely recognized as the time of life when unhealthy eating habits may develop. Data from various studies have demonstrated that changes in eating habits may also occur during old age. It is essential to acknowledge that a high consumption of certain food groups such as sweetened beverages, meat and eggs may contribute to an increased energy intake. This obviously results in high body mass index (BMI) and consequently an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and obesity. Energy intake among middle aged and elderly individuals may be influenced by socio demographic factors (for example: age, gender, socio economic status), social factors (for example: marital status), environmental factors like access to food commodities as well as nutrition knowledge and physical activity level. The present review highlights eating habits, contribution of specific food groups to energy intake and the influence of several factors on energy intake among the middle aged and elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Hurree
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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A Revised Australian Dietary Guideline Index and Its Association with Key Sociodemographic Factors, Health Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Peri-Retirement Aged Adults. Nutrients 2016; 8:160. [PMID: 26978399 PMCID: PMC4808888 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dietary Guideline Index, a measure of diet quality, was updated to reflect the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines. This paper describes the revision of the index (DGI-2013) and examines its use in older adults. The DGI-2013 consists of 13 components reflecting food-based daily intake recommendations of the Australian Dietary Guidelines. In this cross-sectional study, the DGI-2013 score was calculated using dietary data collected via an 111-item food frequency questionnaire and additional food-related behaviour questions. The DGI-2013 score was examined in Australian adults (aged 55–65 years; n = 1667 men; 1801 women) according to sociodemographics, health-related behaviours and BMI. Women scored higher than men on the total DGI-2013 and all components except for dairy. Those who were from a rural area (men only), working full-time (men only), with lower education, smoked, did not meet physical activity guidelines, and who had a higher BMI, scored lower on the DGI-2013, highlighting a group of older adults at risk of poor health. The DGI-2013 is a tool for assessing compliance with the Australian Dietary Guidelines. We demonstrated associations between diet quality and a range of participant characteristics, consistent with previous literature. This suggests that the DGI-2013 continues to demonstrate convergent validity, consistent with the original Dietary Guideline Index.
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Thorpe MG, Milte CM, Crawford D, McNaughton SA. A comparison of the dietary patterns derived by principal component analysis and cluster analysis in older Australians. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:30. [PMID: 26928406 PMCID: PMC4772350 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increased use of dietary pattern methods in nutritional epidemiology, there have been few direct comparisons of methods. Older adults are a particularly understudied population in the dietary pattern literature. This study aimed to compare dietary patterns derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) in older adults and to examine their associations with socio-demographic and health behaviours. METHODS Men (n = 1888) and women (n = 2071) aged 55-65 years completed a 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2010. Food items were collapsed into 52 food groups and dietary patterns were determined by PCA and CA. Associations between dietary patterns and participant characteristics were examined using Chi-square analysis. The standardised PCA-derived dietary patterns were compared across the clusters using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS PCA identified four dietary patterns in men and two dietary patterns in women. CA identified three dietary patterns in both men and women. Men in cluster 1 (fruit, vegetables, wholegrains, fish and poultry) scored higher on PCA factor 1 (vegetable dishes, fruit, fish and poultry) and factor 4 (vegetables) compared to factor 2 (spreads, biscuits, cakes and confectionery) and factor 3 (red meat, processed meat, white-bread and hot chips) (mean, 95% CI; 0.92, 0.82-1.02 vs. 0.74, 0.63-0.84 vs. -0.43, -0.50- -0.35 vs. 0.60 0.46-0.74, respectively). Women in cluster 1 (fruit, vegetables and fish) scored highest on PCA factor 1 (fruit, vegetables and fish) compared to factor 2 (processed meat, hot chips cakes and confectionery) (1.05, 0.97-1.14 vs. -0.14, -0.21- -0.07, respectively). Cluster 3 (small eaters) in both men and women had negative factor scores for all the identified PCA dietary patterns. Those with dietary patterns characterised by higher consumption of red and processed meat and refined grains were more likely to be Australian-born, have a lower level of education, a higher BMI, smoke and did not meet physical activity recommendations (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PCA and CA identified comparable dietary patterns within older Australians. However, PCA may provide some advantages compared to CA with respect to interpretability of the resulting dietary patterns. Older adults with poor dietary patterns also displayed other negative lifestyle behaviours. Food-based dietary pattern methods may inform dietary advice that is understood by the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maree G Thorpe
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Catherine M Milte
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
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Blackford K, Jancey J, Lee AH, James A, Howat P, Waddell T. Effects of a home-based intervention on diet and physical activity behaviours for rural adults with or at risk of metabolic syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:13. [PMID: 26830197 PMCID: PMC4736250 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to determine whether a home-based 6-month lifestyle intervention program complemented by motivational interviewing could improve diet and physical activity behaviours in 50–69 year olds with or at risk of metabolic syndrome, residing in a disadvantaged rural Western Australian community. Methods Participants from the City of Albany and surrounding towns (n = 401) were recruited into a 6 month randomised controlled trial. They were screened for metabolic syndrome and randomly allocated to intervention (n = 201) or control group (n = 200). Baseline and post-test data collection for both groups included a self-report questionnaire which incorporated the Fat and Fibre Barometer and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. The intervention group received the program materials at baseline and the control group was waitlisted. Generalised estimating equation models assessed repeated outcome measures over time. Results A total of 151 (75.1 %) intervention and 159 (79.5 %) control group participants completed post-test and were included in the analysis. After controlling for confounders, the intervention group achieved a marginally significant increase in their metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes of moderate intensity physical activity per week (p = 0.049), and significantly improved fibre intake (p < 0.001), fat intake (p = 0.003), and vegetable serves per day (p = 0.002) from baseline to post-test relative to the control group. Conclusion A home-based, low-cost intervention with motivational support can effectively improve the physical activity and dietary behaviours of adults aged 50–69 years with or at risk of metabolic syndrome residing in a disadvantaged rural area. Trial registration Anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12614000512628
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysten Blackford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. .,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. .,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Anthony James
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Peter Howat
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. .,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Tracy Waddell
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives were to synthesize cumulative findings across three critical ethnographic, community-partnered studies in the southwestern United States and to describe the process of meta-ethnography for that analysis. DESIGN AND SAMPLE The meta-ethnography followed the design of Noblit and Hare for constructing an analysis of composite data, informed by community-based participatory research and Stringer's ethnographic strategies of Look-Think-Act. The three studies occurred in rural settings of Colorado and New Mexico, engaging 129 total participants, along with community organizations and agencies as partners. METHODS Methods consisted of detailed review of each original study, mapping of major concepts and themes, and general analysis, interpretation, and synthesis across the studies. RESULTS Overall themes were: health is the capacity to care for oneself and do work, meaningful relationships are key in health care interactions, patterns of discrimination persist in rural settings, poor literacy and health literacy are barriers, and food insecurity is a growing concern for older rural adults. CONCLUSIONS Resolutions involve practice, policy, and research and must incorporate all stakeholder groups in rural settings; a participatory approach is critical to prioritize and impact existing inequities; and work is needed to extend education and understanding of multiple cultures, groups, customs, and rural contexts.
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Farzianpour F, Foroushani AR, Badakhshan A, Gholipour M, Roknabadi EH. Quality of Life for Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8:127-35. [PMID: 26573052 PMCID: PMC4873597 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: More than 8% of Iran's populations are elderly. The greatest challenge in this generation is improvement of health and QoL. The main goal of this study was QoL for elderly residents in nursing homes over 65 years in Golestan Province - Iran. Methods: This research was an analytical cross study. The population society includes the elderly over 65 years in Golestan Province - Iran. The sample size was calculated based on the correlation of 193 elderly men and women. Therefore, if the correlation is 2.0 or greater is statistically significant at 80% and 0.95 confidence. The needed data collected from two questionnaires Consumer product Safety Commission (CPSC) to assess the QOL of nursing homes and the SF-36 for health QOL the elderly indicators through interviews and observation. The reliability of the CPSC questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of 0.838. The SF-36 questionnaire was validated with Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of 0.95. To analyze data, ANOVA one-way test was used that after investigating homogenization of variances with Levin statistic, if homogenization reported P is rejected, the independent T-test was used to interpret it. Results: Among QOL dimensions only General Health (GH) status showed a significant association with supporting organizations covering status (P = 0.01). The relationship between QOL with marital status in both genders was observed that the General Health (GH) (P = 0.001), Physical Functioning (PF) P = (0.007) Mobility Restricts (MR) P = (0.002), Emotional Problems (EP) (P = 0.001), vitality (V) (P = 0.001), Mental Health (MH) (P = 0.001) were significantly related. Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between the Physical Functioning (PF) mean and the mean of other QOL indicators in two groups of male and female (P = 0.007), also the safety of nursing homes just related respectively with residence variable (P = 0.01) and their employment (P = 0.031).
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Beauchamp MR, Harden SM, Wolf SA, Rhodes RE, Liu Y, Dunlop WL, Schmader T, Sheel AW, Zumbo BD, Estabrooks PA. GrOup based physical Activity for oLder adults (GOAL) randomized controlled trial: study protocol. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:592. [PMID: 26116237 PMCID: PMC4483226 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1909-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity has health benefits across the lifespan, yet only 13 % of Canadian older adults are sufficiently active. Results from a number of observational studies indicate that adults display positive preferences for exercising with others of a similar age and same gender, and that intra-group age- and gender-similarity are associated with elevated exercise adherence. However, research has yet to experimentally examine the extent to which intra-group age- and gender-related similarity affect exercise adherence behaviors. METHODS/DESIGN The GrOup-based physical Activity for oLder adults (GOAL) trial is a three-arm randomized control trial that will examine the efficacy of two different group-based exercise programs for older adults (informed by the tenets of self-categorization theory) in relation to a standard group-based exercise program. Within this manuscript we outline the design and proposed evaluation of the GOAL trial. The first arm is comprised of exercise groups made up of participants of a similar-age and of the same gender; the second arm consists of groups with similar-aged mixed gender participants; the control arm is comprised of mixed-aged mixed gender participants. We aim to compare the adherence rates of participants across conditions, as well as potential moderation effects and mediating mechanisms. DISCUSSION Results from this trial will inform intervention designs to improve the exercise adherence behaviors of older adult. At a systems-level, should support be derived for the efficacy of the interventions tested in this trial, changing group composition (i.e., age, gender) represents a feasible program adaptation for physical activity centers. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov # NCT02023632 . Registered December 13, 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Samantha M Harden
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Svenja A Wolf
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Health and Physical Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - William L Dunlop
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Toni Schmader
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Andrew W Sheel
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Bruno D Zumbo
- Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Paul A Estabrooks
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Department of Family Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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Van Cauwenberg J, Cerin E, Timperio A, Salmon J, Deforche B, Veitch J. Park proximity, quality and recreational physical activity among mid-older aged adults: moderating effects of individual factors and area of residence. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:46. [PMID: 25888885 PMCID: PMC4391484 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The transition from active employment to retirement is a potentially critical period for promoting maintenance or development of recreational physical activity in older age. Park proximity and quality might be important correlates of recreational physical activity in this age group. However, research on park-physical activity relationships among mid-older aged adults is limited and inconclusive. Furthermore, while knowledge of individual moderators of park-physical activity relationships is crucial for tailoring interventions, this knowledge is also limited. We investigated relationships between perceived park proximity, park quality and recreational physical activity among mid-older aged adults. Additionally, we examined the potential moderating effects of gender, education level, retirement status, functional limitations and area of residence on these relationships. Methods Self-reported data on demographics, functional limitations, park proximity, park quality, recreational walking and other recreational moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were collected among 2700 Australian adults (57–67 years) in 2012. Objective information on area of residence was collected. To examine associations of park-related variables with recreational walking and other recreational MVPA, zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression models were used. Results Park proximity significantly interacted with retirement status; non-retired participants who reported living near a park were more likely to participate in recreational walking, whereas no relationship was observed in retired participants. Among those who walked for recreation, higher park quality was related to more weekly minutes of recreational walking. No significant relationships with other recreational MVPA and no moderating effects of gender, education level, functional limitations and area of residence were observed. Conclusions Parks may stimulate engagement in recreational walking among non-retirees and more walking among those who already walk. Future research should investigate which environmental factors relate to engagement in recreational walking among retirees and examine whether improvements in park quality actually lead to increases in mid-older aged adults’ recreational walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ester Cerin
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood Highway 221, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Anna Timperio
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood Highway 221, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Jo Salmon
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood Highway 221, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jenny Veitch
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood Highway 221, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
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Van Dyck D, Teychenne M, McNaughton SA, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Salmon J. Relationship of the perceived social and physical environment with mental health-related quality of life in middle-aged and older adults: mediating effects of physical activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120475. [PMID: 25799269 PMCID: PMC4370752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health conditions are among the leading non-fatal diseases in middle-aged and older adults in Australia. Proximal and distal social environmental factors and physical environmental factors have been associated with mental health, but the underlying mechanisms explaining these associations remain unclear. The study objective was to examine the contribution of different types of physical activity in mediating the relationship of social and physical environmental factors with mental health-related quality of life in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Baseline data from the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study were used. WELL is a prospective cohort study, conducted in Victoria, Australia. Baseline data collection took place in 2010. In total, 3,965 middle-aged and older adults (55-65 years, 47.4% males) completed the SF-36 Health Survey, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and a questionnaire on socio-demographic, social and physical environmental attributes. Mediation analyses were conducted using the MacKinnon product-of-coefficients test. RESULTS Personal safety, the neighbourhood physical activity environment, social support for physical activity from family or friends, and neighbourhood social cohesion were positively associated with mental health-related quality of life. Active transportation and leisure-time physical activity mediated 32.9% of the association between social support for physical activity from family or friends and mental health-related quality of life. These physical activity behaviours also mediated 11.0%, 3.4% and 2.3% respectively, of the relationship between the neighbourhood physical activity environment, personal safety and neighbourhood social cohesion and mental health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS If these results are replicated in future longitudinal studies, tailored interventions to improve mental health-related quality of life in middle-aged and older adults should use a combined strategy, focusing on increasing physical activity as well as social and physical environmental attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Watersportlaan 2, 90000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Deakin University, Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Sarah A. McNaughton
- Deakin University, Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Watersportlaan 2, 90000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Salmon
- Deakin University, Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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Burress OM, Williams-Hooker R, Ahmed A, Roach R, Polly DK, Stockton M. Relationship Between Dental Health and Nutrition Risk Factors in Homebound Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015; 63:379-80. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Associations of diet quality with health-related quality of life in older Australian men and women. Exp Gerontol 2015; 64:8-16. [PMID: 25639944 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated associations between diet quality measures and quality of life two years later. Adults 55-65 years participating in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia (n = 1150 men and n = 1307 women) completed a postal survey including a 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2010. Diet quality in 2010 was assessed via the dietary guideline index (DGI), recommended food score (RFS) and Mediterranean diet score (MDS). The RAND 36-item survey assessed health-related quality of life in 2012. Associations were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for covariates. In men, DGI and RFS were associated with better reported energy (OR = 1.79, CI: 1.25, 2.55 and OR = 1.56, CI: 1.11, 2.19 respectively), and DGI was additionally associated with better general health (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.20), and overall mental component summary scale (OR = 1.51, CI: 1.07, 2.15) in the fully adjusted model. In women, associations between two indices of diet quality (DGI, RFS) physical function (OR = 1.66, CI: 1.19, 2.31 and OR = 1.70, CI: 1.21, 2.37 respectively) and general health (OR = 1.83, CI: 1.32, 2.54 and OR = 1.54, CI: 1.11, 2.14 respectively) were observed. DGI was also associated with overall physical component summary score (OR = 1.56, CI: 1.12, 2.17). Additional associations between emotional wellbeing and DGI (OR = 1.40, CI: 1.01, 1.93) and RFS (OR = 1.44, CI: 1.04, 1.99), and MDS and energy (OR = 1.53, CI: 1.11, 2.10) were observed in the fully adjusted model, in women only. Older adults with better quality diets report better health-related quality of life, with additional associations with emotional wellbeing observed in women.
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Social and physical environmental correlates of adults' weekend sitting time and moderating effects of retirement status and physical health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:9790-810. [PMID: 25243886 PMCID: PMC4199050 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110909790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests that prolonged sedentary behaviour (SB) is detrimental to health. Changes in SB patterns are likely to occur during particular life stages, for example at retirement age (55–65-year-old). Evidence on socio-ecological SB correlates is scarce and inconsistent in this age group. Moreover, the influence of socio-ecological correlates may vary depending on health and retirement status. This study examined social and environment correlates of overall weekend day sitting among adults at or approaching retirement age, and moderating effects of perceived physical health and retirement status. Baseline data from the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life study in 2839 Australian adults (55–65-year-old) were analysed. Participants self-reported proximal social factors, neighbourhood social and physical environment, physical health and retirement status. MLwiN multilevel regression analyses were conducted. In the multivariable model, only social support from friends/colleagues to discourage sitting (B = −0.891; p = 0.036) was associated with overall weekend day sitting. No moderation of retirement status, nor physical health were found in the multivariable results. Results from this study suggest the importance of social factors in relation to weekend day sitting among 55–65-year-old adults. Health promotion initiatives in this age group should pay special attention to enhancing social interaction opportunities. Moreover, findings suggest that SB-specific correlates may need to be examined in future research.
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Rakhshani T, Shojaiezadeh D, Lankarani KB, Rakhshani F, Kaveh MH, Zare N. The association of health-promoting lifestyle with quality of life among the Iranian elderly. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e18404. [PMID: 25593729 PMCID: PMC4270660 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.18404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As individuals live a longer life, health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) becomes even more essential, particularly with regard to maintaining functional independence and improving quality of life (QoL). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the association between QoL and HPL in the Iranian elderly living in Shiraz. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013 at retirement centers of Shiraz City, Iran. The sample included 500 elderly who aged > 60 years. Proportional stratified random sampling was used to select the elderly from retirement centers. QoL was assessed by the Farsi version of Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) and HPL was measured by health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP II). Data were analyzed using independent-samples t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS 21. RESULTS There were significant differences in QoL in terms of sex, age, education, and marital status. There were significant differences in HPL in terms of gender, age and education (P < 0.05) There was a statistically significant association between QoL and HPL in the elderly (r = 0.42, P < 0.05). Based on HPLP II constructs, the significant predicting factors of QoL in the elderly consisted of spiritual growth, stress management, and physical activity (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Health providers should improve the QoL in the elderly by facilitating HPL through health-promoting interventions, which will maintain and increase physical activity, stress management, and spiritual growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Rakhshani
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Davood Shojaiezadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Rakhshani
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossain Kaveh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Najaf Zare
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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Youssef MK. The impact of obesity on walking and physical performance. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-7782.139519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Mura G, Sancassiani F, Migliaccio GM, Collu G, Carta MG. The association between different kinds of exercise and quality of life in the long term. Results of a randomized controlled trial on the elderly. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2014; 10:36-41. [PMID: 24707314 PMCID: PMC3975633 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901410010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quality of Life (QoL) tends to decrease with age. Exercise has been shown to be effective in improving some psychosocial features related to QoL. We carried out a randomized controlled trial to verify the long-term efficacy of an intensive fitness program versus a lighter program on the QoL of an elderly sample, compared to QoL of a large normative sample. METHODS Participants aged ≥65 years were randomly assigned in a 1:1 fashion either to a vigorous physical activity program group (VAG) or to a postural gymnastic group (PGG). Depressive symptoms were screened by PHQ-9. QoL assessment was done by SF-12. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to test differences between the two groups over time. Comparison with the normative sample was carried out by means of ANOVA 1-way. RESULTS Both VAG and PGG showed low PHQ9 scores at the beginning and at the end of the trial, indicating the absence of depressive symptoms. At the end of the study, both groups had a higher level of QoL, measured by means of SF-12, than the normative standardized sample. While SF-12 scores for both groups decreased slightly 12 weeks after the end of the trial, only the VAG group maintained significantly-higher scores than those of the normative sample. CONCLUSIONS A vigorous physical activity program group might be associated with better maintenance of results over time as compared to a postural gymnastic program. These results require future confirmation by further studies on large samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Mura
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Italy
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Manafò E, Jose K, Silverberg D. Promoting nutritional well-being in seniors: feasibility study of a nutrition information series. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2014; 74:175-80. [PMID: 24472165 DOI: 10.3148/74.4.2013.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Better Living Health and Community Services developed a 12-week community-based nutrition information series (NIS) for people aged 55 or older. The purpose of this feasibility study was to describe briefly the process of developing and implementing the 12-week NIS and to identify the practicality and plausibility of the program in terms of its process and content attributes, using Thorncliffe Park community as the test site. A pre- and post-test design was used to identify changes in participants' perception of their nutritional and overall well-being. Twenty-four participants who completed at least four sessions participated in the post-evaluation follow-up. Only participants' perception of their eating habits demonstrated a significant, positive improvement (t24=2.1, P<0.05). The results suggest that the NIS has the potential to promote the health and well-being of community-living seniors. The development and implementation of the NIS provided considerations for program practicality. However, additional work is needed to examine the plausibility of the program in meeting its stated objective to promote awareness of nutrition as an important concept for healthy aging. Community-practising dietitians are instrumental in providing credible nutrition information to facilitate healthy eating in older Canadians.
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Dogra S, Stathokostas L. Correlates of extended sitting time in older adults: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey Healthy Aging Cycle. Int J Public Health 2014; 59:983-91. [PMID: 24474191 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-014-0540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sitting time has been identified as an independent predictor of health; however, little is known of the determinants of extended sitting time among older adults. The purpose of this study was to identify potential sociodemographic, physical environment, health-related and psychosocial correlates of extended sitting time among older adults living independently in the community. METHODS Data from adults over the age of 65 from the Canadian Community Health Survey (Healthy Aging Cycle, 2008-2009) were used for analysis (n = 14,560). Self-reported sitting time (<4 or ≥4 h/day) was the main outcome. RESULTS Age, retirement status, dwelling type, chronic disease, perceived health, body mass index, mood disorder and sense of belonging to community were associated with sitting for 4 or more hours/day. Very low, but not low or moderate, physical activity (OR 1.43; CI 1.19-1.72) was associated with sitting for 4 or more hours/day when compared to those classified as having high physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Several specific correlates of extended sitting time were identified among older males and females; these findings have implications for public health strategies targeting older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Dogra
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kinesiology, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada,
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50
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De Cocker K, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Teychenne M, McNaughton S, Salmon J. Educational inequalities in TV viewing among older adults: a mediation analysis of ecological factors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10:138. [PMID: 24350830 PMCID: PMC3895807 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Television (TV) viewing, a prevalent leisure-time sedentary behaviour independently related to negative health outcomes, appears to be higher in less educated and older adults. In order to tackle the social inequalities, evidence is needed about the underlying mechanisms of the association between education and TV viewing. The present purpose was to examine the potential mediating role of personal, social and physical environmental factors in the relationship between education and TV viewing among Australian 55-65 year-old adults. METHODS In 2010, self-reported data was collected among 4082 adults (47.6% men) across urban and rural areas of Victoria, for the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study. The mediating role of personal (body mass index [BMI], quality of life), social (social support from family and friends, social participation at proximal level, and interpersonal trust, social cohesion, personal safety at distal level) and physical environmental (neighbourhood aesthetics, neighbourhood physical activity environment, number of televisions) factors in the association between education and TV viewing time was examined using the product-of-coefficients test of MacKinnon based on multilevel linear regression analyses (conducted in 2012). RESULTS Multiple mediating analyses showed that BMI (p ≤ 0.01), personal safety (p < 0.001), neighbourhood aesthetics (p ≤ 0.01) and number of televisions (p ≤ 0.01) partly explained the educational inequalities in older adult's TV viewing. No proximal social factors mediated the education-TV viewing association. CONCLUSIONS Interventions aimed to reduce TV viewing should focus on personal (BMI) and environmental (personal safety, neighbourhood aesthetics, number of televisions) factors, in order to overcome educational inequalities in sedentary behaviour among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien De Cocker
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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