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Fajobi DT, Ajetomobi JO, Raufu MO, Fajobi MO, Paramasivam P. Effects of food price on nutrition outcomes among women in Nigeria. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:94-104. [PMID: 38268895 PMCID: PMC10804117 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition outcomes (undernutrition, overweight, and obesity) among women are growing concerns across the globe. Currently, the rate of undernutrition and overweight among women in Nigeria is ranked among the highest in Africa. A major contributory factor reported is unstable food prices in the country. This study, therefore, examined the effects of food prices on nutrition outcomes among women in Nigeria. Secondary datasets retrieved from two different sources were used for this study. Cross-sectional data on weight and height for women were obtained from Nigeria Health Demographic Survey (NHDS). Data on monthly prices of the selected food items were obtained from the Nigeria Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The data were categorized into energy dense (yam tuber, garri, rice, and maize) and nutrient dense (egg, beef, and chicken). Multinomial logit regression was used to estimate the relationship between the prices of energy and nutrient-dense food prices concerning respondents' personal and environmental characteristics such as age, wealth status, and region; as well as the three nutrition outcomes for women (undernutrition, overnutrition, and obesity). This study revealed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women was 19.9% and 10.3%, respectively. Nutrition outcomes (obesity and overweight) were positively correlated with the price of energy-dense food with 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. Nutrient-dense food price is negatively correlated with undernutrition with a probability of 0.1%. The study recommends that food policy instruments such as food prices and subsidies can be introduced to favor the consumption of healthier food to stem the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Tosin Fajobi
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Open and Distance Learning CentreLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoNigeria
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoNigeria
| | - Joshua Olusegun Ajetomobi
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoNigeria
| | - Mufutau Oyedapo Raufu
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoNigeria
| | - Moses Oluwatobi Fajobi
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria
- Open and Distance Learning CentreLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoNigeria
| | - Prabhu Paramasivam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and TechnologyMattu UniversityMettuEthiopia
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Amoako M, Amoah-Agyei F, Mensah GO, Du C, Sergin S, Fenton JI, Tucker RM. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Behaviors of Higher Education Students in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16442. [PMID: 36554322 PMCID: PMC9778950 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stressful events can significantly impact health behaviors of tertiary students in various ways. Many studies reported adverse alterations in health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is limited knowledge about students from sub-Saharan African countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health behaviors of Ghanaian tertiary students, with an emphasis on the association between sleep and other health behaviors. A cross-sectional study with eligible tertiary students from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Ghana (n = 129) was conducted. An online survey assessed quality and duration of sleep, financial stress, dietary risk, alcohol misuse, and physical exercise using validated tools. Health behaviors did not differ by gender. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected health behaviors for many students including dietary intake (20.2%), sleep quality (20.2%) and duration (81.4%), alcohol consumption (3.1%), exercise frequency (4.1%), and exercise intensity (38%). Shorter sleep duration was linked with greater alcohol misuse scores (p < 0.05). A majority of the students (56%) had increased financial stress during the pandemic. This study contributes important insights into the effects that stressful events such as a pandemic have on the health of higher education students in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Amoako
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00233, Ghana
| | - Felicity Amoah-Agyei
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00233, Ghana
| | - Gideon Okyere Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00233, Ghana
| | - Chen Du
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 469 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Selin Sergin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 469 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jenifer I. Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 469 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robin M. Tucker
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 469 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Pepito BM, Dawes J, Hildebrand D, Joyce J. Analysis of a State Police Academy Menu Cycle for Dietary Quality and Performance Nutrition Adequacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12642. [PMID: 36231941 PMCID: PMC9566065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Law enforcement officers have high rates of overweight and obesity. With diet as a leading risk factor, training academies present an opportunity for early-career nutrition intervention. Our purpose was to determine the dietary quality (DQ) and performance nutrition adequacy of a state police academy's cafeteria menu. This cross-sectional content analysis included six weeks (three daily meals, Monday-Friday) of a police academy menu. Nutrient content was determined by portioning menus, gathering food specifications, and performing nutrient analysis. DQ was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015. Statistical analyses included independent t-tests and Cohen's d. The total HEI score was 54/100. Subcomponent scores indicating adequacy included added sugar (5/5), total protein (4.97/5) and whole fruits (4.77/5). Seafood/plant proteins (0.33/5), fatty acid ratio (1.31/5), and dairy scores (1.59/10) needed significant improvement. The menu met the recommended intake for 13 of 19 nutrients investigated. Nutrients that did not meet adequacy were calories (% mean difference, needs-menu = 36.7%), carbohydrates (52.3%), vitamins D (82.5%) and E (66.7%), magnesium (44.1%), and potassium (41.8%). The academy menu leaves room for improvement in DQ and shortfall nutrients. By increasing low scores, the overall DQ of the menu will increase and supplement missing nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Michael Pepito
- Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Jay Dawes
- Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Deana Hildebrand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Jillian Joyce
- Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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He P, Feng K, Baiocchi G, Sun L, Hubacek K. Shifts towards healthy diets in the US can reduce environmental impacts but would be unaffordable for poorer minorities. NATURE FOOD 2021; 2:664-672. [PMID: 37117464 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Environmental implications of food choice are the focus of increasingly extensive research, but less is known about the impacts of dietary patterns of different socio-economic groups of a country, and the trade-offs between nutritional quality and environmental impacts of diet within those groups. We evaluate the impacts of US household dietary patterns on greenhouse gas emissions, blue water footprint, land use and energy consumption across supply chains using an environmentally extended input-output analysis. We compare the nutritional quality of these dietary patterns using healthy eating index scores across individuals' income and other socio-economic characteristics. Individuals with higher income or education levels are more likely to adopt healthier diets but are also responsible for larger environmental impacts of diet primarily due to a higher consumption of dairy and livestock products, seafood and items with lower energy density but higher nutrient density. Our optimization shows that a healthy diet with lower environmental impacts is achievable within current food budgets for almost 95% of people, and results in average decreases of 2% in food-related greenhouse gas emissions, 24% in land use and 4% in energy consumption, but a 28% increase in blue water consumption. However, such dietary patterns are unaffordable for 38% of Black and Hispanic individuals in the lowest income and education groups. Policies that affect income and food prices making nutritious food more affordable would be needed to achieve better nutrition and improved environmental outcomes simultaneously, particularly for more vulnerable socio-economic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan He
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Kuishuang Feng
- Department of Geographical Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Giovanni Baiocchi
- Department of Geographical Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Laixiang Sun
- Department of Geographical Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- School of Finance & Management, SOAS University of London, London, UK
| | - Klaus Hubacek
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Su CW, Huang SW, Tao R, Haris M. Does Economic Overheating Provide Positive Feedback on Population Health? Evidence From BRICS and ASEAN Countries. Front Public Health 2021; 9:661279. [PMID: 33816429 PMCID: PMC8012809 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.661279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the relationship of real GDP per capita with cancer incidence applying panel threshold regression model in BRICS and ASEAN countries. The empirical results highlight that the business cycle has an inverted-U correlation with population health indicators and a non-linear single threshold effect. In BRICS countries, the health-promoting effect of economic growth is significantly weaker when exceeding the threshold. Similarly, economic growth in ASEAN countries, even worsens population health, after the turning point. These asymmetric effects are strongly related to the response of regional economic globalization health policies. Changes in economic expansion and overheating may have serious adverse effects on health care systems in emerging economies. Governments should adopt more aggressive health care policies during economic overheating, to avoid wasting health care resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Su
- School of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-Wen Huang
- School of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Preventation, Qingdao, China
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Department of Business Administration, National Fertilizer Corporation Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Pakistan.,Institute of Banking and Finance, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Egnell M, Boutron I, Péneau S, Ducrot P, Touvier M, Galan P, Buscail C, Porcher R, Ravaud P, Hercberg S, Kesse-Guyot E, Julia C. Randomised controlled trial in an experimental online supermarket testing the effects of front-of-pack nutrition labelling on food purchasing intentions in a low-income population. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041196. [PMID: 33558350 PMCID: PMC7871692 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nutri-Score, a front-of-pack nutrition label, has been adopted in 2017 in France but its impact on low-income populations is unknown, and they are more at risk of having unhealthy diets. The present study assessed the effects of the Nutri-Score on the nutritional quality of purchasing intentions among low-income individuals, compared with the current French labelling situation: references intakes (RIs) and no label, using a three-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial. METHODS Low-income active adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (household income below €1200/month) were asked to perform a shopping task in an experimental online supermarket after being randomised in one of the three conditions (Nutri-Score, RIs or no labelling). The main outcome was the overall nutritional quality of the virtual shopping cart, assessed with the French-modified Food Standards Agency Nutrient Profiling System (FSAm-NPS), and secondary outcomes were the nutrient content of the shopping carts. 524 subjects were randomised, and 336 included in the analyses. RESULTS The Nutri-Score resulted in the highest overall nutritional quality of the shopping cart, as reflected by a FSAm-NPS score (1.86 (SD 3.59) points) significantly lower (reflecting higher nutritional quality) than the RIs (3.21 (SD 4.14) points, p≤0.05) but not significantly lower than no label (2.60 (SD 3.09) points, p=0.3). The Nutri-Score also resulted into significantly lower contents in calories and saturated fatty acids in the shopping cart, compared with the RIs only (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION The implementation of the front of pack nutrition label Nutri-Score, adopted in France and in different European countries, appears to have the potential to encourage purchasing intentions of foods from higher nutritional quality among low-income individuals, compared with the RIs label promoted by food manufacturers.Trial registration number: NCT02769455.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Egnell
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Isabelle Boutron
- METHODS team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Centre, Inserm UMR 1153, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | | | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Camille Buscail
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Raphaël Porcher
- METHODS team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Centre, Inserm UMR 1153, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Ravaud
- METHODS team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Centre, Inserm UMR 1153, Paris, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre -University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny cedex, France
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Gholizadeh E, Ayremlou P, Nouri Saeidlou S. The association between dietary pattern and coronary artery disease: A case-control study. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2020; 12:294-302. [PMID: 33510878 PMCID: PMC7828759 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2020.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dietary patterns are an important factors in the progress of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to assess the association between dietary patterns and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: A case-control study was carried on 550 participants. Food expenditure was collected using a validated 168-item food-frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis (PCA). Multiple logistic regressions was used to assess the association between dietary patterns and the risk of CAD.
Results: Three major dietary patterns were identified: the "Quasi-Western Pattern" was characterized by higher intakes of sweets and desserts, snacks, legumes, honey or jam, ketchup, mayonnaise, yellow vegetables, potatoes, red meat, refined grains; the "Sugar and Fast foods Pattern" was characterized by higher intakes of sugar, soft drinks, fast foods, high-fat dairy, hydrogenated fats, and the "Quasi-Mediterranean Pattern" was characterized by higher intakes of fruits, cruciferous vegetables, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, nuts, coffee. In both sexes, the "Quasi-Western Pattern" and the "Sugar and Fast foods Pattern" were positively associated with the risk of CAD. For "Quasi-Western Pattern", adjusted-ORs were (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.99-1.83, P = 0.05) and (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.03-1.83, P = 0.03)for men and women respectively. The ORs were for "Sugar and Fast foods Pattern" (OR: 3.64, 95% CI:2.25-5.89, P < 0.001) and (OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 2.42-6.63, P < 0.001) for men and women respectively.There was a significant inverse relationship among "Quasi-Mediterranean pattern" and CAD in the crude model in women (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.55-0.89, P = 0.0.004).
Conclusion: High adherence to the "Quasi-Western Pattern" and "Sugar-Fast foods Pattern" dietary patterns were associated with a higher risk of CAD. The "Quasi-Mediterranean pattern" reduced the risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeel Gholizadeh
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Parvin Ayremlou
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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[A joint study of the multidimensional factors associated with the overall quality of adult diets in Canada]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2020; 68:375-383. [PMID: 32981771 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With 26% of Canadians suffering from obesity, significant steps are needed to reduce the social and economic costs entailed by their condition. Given its major contribution to this phenomenon, the quality of diet has been at the heart of numerous previous studies. The objective of the study is to analyze, based on recent data, the association between the quality of the diet of Canadian adults (18 years old and over), and their individual characteristics as well as those of their living environment, including several new elements (prices of fruits and vegetables, food security status). METHODS Using data from the 2015 CCHS-Nutrition Survey and information from the 2007 Canadian Food Guide, a diet quality score (also called healthy eating index) was first calculated and then associated with different factors (identified in a literature review) through multiple linear regressions. RESULTS In addition to confirming its association with age, gender, overall well-being and other socio-economic factors, this study reveals that quality of adult diets is negatively correlated with the evolution of people's food insecurity status and the increase of vegetable prices in the Canadian provinces since 2002. The positive link between diabetes and the quality of diet could reflect healthier eating behaviors due to the constraints generated by this disease. While city dwellers generally have access to a more diversified food supply, they nevertheless do not have a better diet than the rural population. Finally, non-North American immigrants appear to have a better diet than non-autochthonous Canadians. CONCLUSION Paying more attention to food insecurity and to the affordability of vegetables are avenues to explore in view of improving the quality of nourishment in Canada. In any event, longitudinal studies shall be required to confirm the role and to measure the actual influence of these variables on the quality of individual adult diets.
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Muller L, Ruffieux B. What Makes a Front-of-Pack Nutritional Labelling System Effective: The Impact of Key Design Components on Food Purchases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092870. [PMID: 32961760 PMCID: PMC7551239 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relative impacts on food purchases of many alternative front-of-pack nutritional labelling systems were tested, with various methods—from opinion pool to nationwide experiments. Clearly, some systems induce better purchasing responses, having better nutritional impacts on food baskets. Nonetheless, we still ignore what the ingredients of an efficient label are. Here, we propose guidance for label designers. To do so, we first propose a typology that breaks down established labelling systems into four elementary components: Directiveness, Scope and Gradation, Set of Reference and Sign. On this basis, we then build seven alternative generic labelling systems that we test in a framed-field experiment enabling us to measure the effect of each component on food purchases in isolation. Our results show that an effective front-of-pack labelling system should be Food-Directive (instead of Diet-Directive) and be displayed on both healthy and unhealthy food. The reference set, which is across categories or within categories, produces the same average nutrition score but generates contrasting behavioural responses.
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Chungchunlam SMS, Moughan PJ, Garrick DP, Drewnowski A. Animal-sourced foods are required for minimum-cost nutritionally adequate food patterns for the United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:376-381. [PMID: 37128091 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-0096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The amounts of animal-sourced foods required to achieve a least-cost nutritious diet depend on the food prices prevalent in each country. Using linear programming, we determine least-cost dietary patterns in the United States and the constituent amounts of animal-sourced foods. We considered local foods and prices from 2009-2010, and the average energy and nutrient requirements of adults. Nutrient-adequate food patterns were estimated at US$1.98 per day and included animal and plant products. Limiting nutrients were α-linolenic acid, potassium, choline, and vitamins C, D, E and K. The prices of animal-based foods had to be increased by 2-11.5 times to be excluded from the modelled food pattern, with the least cost of a plant-only diet at US$3.61. Given relative food prices in the United States, we show that animal-based foods are needed to secure adequate nutrition at the lowest cost, underscoring the role of price and market mechanisms in the choice of nutrient-adequate, sustainable diets.
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Sandoval-Moreno LM, Fandiño-Losada A, Pacichana-Quinayaz SG, Gutiérrez-Martínez MI. Letter to the Editors on the paper by Ferdos & Rahman. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00189719. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00189719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Nagatomo W, Saito J, Kondo N. Effectiveness of a low-value financial-incentive program for increasing vegetable-rich restaurant meal selection and reducing socioeconomic inequality: a cluster crossover trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:81. [PMID: 31511013 PMCID: PMC6740003 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In light of recent theories in behavioural economics, an intervention program with monetary incentives could be effective for helping patrons order healthy food, even if the incentive is small and less than one’s perceived marginal value. Methods In this single-arm cluster crossover trial at 26 local restaurants, a 1-week campaign offered a 50-yen (approximately 0.5 US dollars) cash-back payment to customers ordering vegetable-rich meals, while no pre-order incentives were offered during the control period. Results In total, 511 respondents out of 7537 customers (6.8%), and 704 respondents out of 7826 customers (9.0%), ordered vegetable-rich meals during the control and intervention periods, respectively. During the intervention period, the covariate-adjusted proportion of vegetable-rich meal orders was 1.50 times higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29 to 1.75), which increased daily sales by 1.77 times (95% CI: 1.11 to 2.83), even when subtracting the cost of cash-back payments. Respondents who reported spending the least amount of money on eating out (used as a proxy measure for income) were the least likely to order vegetable-rich meals during the control period. However, these individuals increased their proportion of purchasing such meals during the intervention period (a 3.8 percentage point increase (95% CI: 2.82 to 4.76) among those spending the least vs a 2.1 percentage point increase (95% CI: 1.66 to 2.62) among those spending the most; P for interaction = 0.001). Similarly, irregular employees exhibited a larger increase (+ 5.2 percentage points, 95% CI: 4.54 to 5.76) than did regular workers (− 1.4, 95% CI: − 1.66 to − 1.05, P for interaction = 0.001). Conclusions A program with an immediate low-value monetary incentive could be a public health measure for reducing inequalities in making healthy food choices. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000022396. Registered 21 May 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-019-0830-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nagatomo
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junko Saito
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Division of Prevention, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Christoforou A, Dachner N, Mendelson R, Tarasuk V. Substitute foods are more likely than their traditional food counterparts to display front-of-package references. Facets (Ott) 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2017-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovative, highly processed foods are often designed to “substitute” for traditional, less-processed items in the diet. Yet, concerns about the unhealthfulness of diets high in highly processed foods are growing. Their dominance in the diet has been hypothesized to relate, in part, to the strategic use of on-package nutrition promotion. Our goal was to compare front-of-package (FOP) labelling on highly processed products that appear to have been explicitly designed as substitutes for traditional foods with the FOP labelling on their traditional counterparts. FOP references were recorded from packaged foods in three major Toronto grocery stores ( N = 20520). Foods were categorized as substitute or traditional counterparts if these had (1) immediate interchangeability within the diet, (2) inherently different formulation, and (3) the substitute was more heavily processed than its traditional counterpart. Eight substitute–traditional pairs were identified, comprising 18% of products in the data set. Substitute foods were more likely than traditional products to bear FOP nutrition, “organic”, and “natural” references. Substitute foods bore 1.21 times more FOP references, the majority of which highlighted nutrients inherent to the traditional counterpart. Our findings support the contention that highly processed foods may be displacing less-processed foods at least in part through the use of strategic on-package marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Christoforou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Naomi Dachner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Rena Mendelson
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Community Services, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Valerie Tarasuk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
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14
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The Economic Impact of Government Policy on Market Prices of Low-Fat Pork in South Korea: A Quasi-Experimental Hedonic Price Approach. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10030892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Paisi M, Kay E, Kaimi I, Witton R, Nelder R, Potterton R, Lapthorne D. Obesity and caries in four-to-six year old English children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:267. [PMID: 29454320 PMCID: PMC5816423 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and caries are common conditions in childhood and can have significant implications on children’s wellbeing. Evidence into their association remains conflicting. Furthermore, studies examining the ssociation between obesity and caries commonly focus on individual-level determinants. The present study aimed to examine the association between obesity and caries in young English children and to determine the impact of deprivation and area-level characteristics on the distribution of the two conditions. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among children in Plymouth city aged four-to-six years. Anthropometric measurements included weight and height (converted to Body Mass Index centiles and z-scores), and waist circumference. Caries was assessed by using the sum of the number of teeth that were decayed, missing or filled. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on children’s demographic characteristics, oral hygiene, and dietary habits. The impact of deprivation on anthropometric variables and caries was determined using Linear and Poisson regression models, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between different anthropometric measures and caries. Logistic regression models were also used to examine the impact of several demographic characteristics and health behaviours on the presence of obesity and caries. Results The total sample included 347 children aged 5.10 ± 0.31 (mean ± SD). Deprivation had a significant impact on caries and BMI z-scores (p < 0.05). Neither BMI- nor waist circumference z-scores were shown to be significantly associated with dental caries. Among the neighbourhood characteristics examined, the percentage of people dependent on benefits was found to have a significant impact on caries rates (p < 0.05). Household’s total annual income was inversely related to caries risk and parental educational level affected children’s tooth brushing frequency. Conclusions No associations between any measure of obesity and caries were found. However, deprivation affected both obesity and caries, thus highlighting the need to prioritise disadvantaged children in future prevention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Paisi
- Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Kay
- Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Irene Kaimi
- School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Robert Witton
- Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Robert Nelder
- Office of the Director of Public Health, Plymouth City Council, Plymouth, PL6 5UF, UK
| | - Ruth Potterton
- Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Debra Lapthorne
- Public Health England, Follaton House, Road, Totnes, Plymouth, Devon, TQ9 5NE, UK
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16
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Roberts KE, Ells LJ, McGowan VJ, Machaira T, Targett VC, Allen RE, Tedstone AE. A rapid review examining purchasing changes resulting from fiscal measures targeted at high sugar foods and sugar-sweetened drinks. Nutr Diabetes 2017; 7:302. [PMID: 29247207 PMCID: PMC5865540 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-017-0001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To aim of the review was to examine the most recent (2010 onwards) research evidence on the health and behavioural impacts, in adults and children, of fiscal strategies that target high sugar foods and sugar-sweetened drinks (SSDs). A pragmatic rapid review was undertaken using a systematic search strategy. The review was part of a programme of work to support policy development in relation to high sugar food and SSDs. A total of 11 primary research publications were included, describing evidence from France (n = 1), the Netherlands (n = 3), and the United States of America (n = 7), assessed through a variety of study designs, with the majority in adult populations (n = 10). The evidence reviewed focused on consumer behaviour outcomes and suggested that fiscal strategies can influence purchases of high sugar products. Although the majority of studies (n = 10), including three field studies, demonstrated that an increase in the price of high sugar foods and SSDs resulted in a decrease in purchases, eight studies were conducted in a laboratory or virtual setting which may not reflect real-life situations.Findings from this review support evidence from the broader literature that suggests that fiscal measures can be effective in influencing the purchasing of high sugar foods and SSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine E Roberts
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, Skipton House, 80 London Road, London, SE1 6LH, UK.
| | - Louisa J Ells
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, Skipton House, 80 London Road, London, SE1 6LH, UK.,Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
| | - Victoria J McGowan
- Centre for Health Inequalities Research, Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Theodora Machaira
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, Skipton House, 80 London Road, London, SE1 6LH, UK
| | - Victoria C Targett
- Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
| | - Rachel E Allen
- Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
| | - Alison E Tedstone
- Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
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17
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Gittelsohn J, Trude ACB, Kim H. Pricing Strategies to Encourage Availability, Purchase, and Consumption of Healthy Foods and Beverages: A Systematic Review. Prev Chronic Dis 2017; 14:E107. [PMID: 29101767 PMCID: PMC5672888 DOI: 10.5888/pcd14.170213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Food pricing policies to promote healthy diets, such as taxes, price manipulations, and food subsidies, have been tested in different settings. However, little consensus exists about the effect of these policies on the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods, on what foods consumers buy, or on the impact of food purchases on consumer health outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of studies of the effect of food-pricing interventions on retail sales and on consumer purchasing and consumption of healthy foods and beverages. Methods We used MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library to conduct a systematic search for peer-reviewed articles related to studies of food pricing policies. We selected articles that were published in English from January 2000 through December 2016 on the following types of studies: 1) real-world experimental studies (randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and natural experiments); 2) population studies of people or retail stores in middle-income and high-income countries; 3) pricing interventions alone or in combination with other strategies (price promotions, coupons, taxes, or cash-back rebates), excluding studies of vending-machine or online sales; and 4) outcomes studies at the retail (stocking, sales) and consumer (purchasing, consumption) levels. We selected 65 articles representing 30 studies for review. Results Sixteen pricing intervention studies that sought to improve access to healthy food and beverage options reported increased stocking and sales of promoted food items. Most studies (n = 23) reported improvement in the purchasing and consumption of healthy foods or beverages or decreased purchasing and consumption of unhealthy foods or beverages. Most studies assessed promotions of fresh fruits and vegetables (n = 20); however, these foods may be hard to source, have high perishability, and raise concerns about safety and handling. Few of the pricing studies we reviewed discouraged purchasing and consumption of unhealthy foods (n = 6). Many studies we reviewed had limitations, including lack of formative research, process evaluation, or psychosocial and health assessments of the intervention’s impact; short intervention duration; or no assessment of food substitutions or the effects of pricing interventions on food purchasing and diets. Conclusion Pricing interventions generally increased stocking, sales, purchasing, and consumption of promoted foods and beverages. Additional studies are needed to differentiate the potential impact of selected pricing strategies and policies over others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Gittelsohn
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Global Obesity Prevention Center and Center for Human Nutrition, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205.
| | - Angela Cristina Bizzotto Trude
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Global Obesity Prevention Center and Center for Human Nutrition, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Global Obesity Prevention Center and Center for Human Nutrition, Baltimore, Maryland
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18
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Mizdrak A, Waterlander WE, Rayner M, Scarborough P. Using a UK Virtual Supermarket to Examine Purchasing Behavior Across Different Income Groups in the United Kingdom: Development and Feasibility Study. J Med Internet Res 2017; 19:e343. [PMID: 28993301 PMCID: PMC5653905 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.7982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of food in the United Kingdom is purchased in supermarkets, and therefore, supermarket interventions provide an opportunity to improve diets. Randomized controlled trials are costly, time-consuming, and difficult to conduct in real stores. Alternative approaches of assessing the impact of supermarket interventions on food purchases are needed, especially with respect to assessing differential impacts on population subgroups. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using the United Kingdom Virtual Supermarket (UKVS), a three-dimensional (3D) computer simulation of a supermarket, to measure food purchasing behavior across income groups. METHODS Participants (primary household shoppers in the United Kingdom with computer access) were asked to conduct two shopping tasks using the UKVS and complete questionnaires on demographics, food purchasing habits, and feedback on the UKVS software. Data on recruitment method and rate, completion of study procedure, purchases, and feedback on usability were collected to inform future trial protocols. RESULTS A total of 98 participants were recruited, and 46 (47%) fully completed the study procedure. Low-income participants were less likely to complete the study (P=.02). Most participants found the UKVS easy to use (38/46, 83%) and reported that UKVS purchases resembled their usual purchases (41/46, 89%). CONCLUSIONS The UKVS is likely to be a useful tool to examine the effects of nutrition interventions using randomized controlled designs. Feedback was positive from participants who completed the study and did not differ by income group. However, retention was low and needs to be addressed in future studies. This study provides purchasing data to establish sample size requirements for full trials using the UKVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Mizdrak
- Burden of Disease Epidemiology, Equity and Cost-Effectiveness Programme (BODE3), Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Mike Rayner
- Centre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Scarborough
- Centre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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19
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Perignon M, Dubois C, Gazan R, Maillot M, Muller L, Ruffieux B, Gaigi H, Darmon N. Co-construction and Evaluation of a Prevention Program for Improving the Nutritional Quality of Food Purchases at No Additional Cost in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Population. Curr Dev Nutr 2017; 1:e001107. [PMID: 29955680 PMCID: PMC5998781 DOI: 10.3945/cdn.117.001107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Food prices influence food choices. Purchasing foods with higher nutritional quality for their price may help improve the diet quality of socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals. Objective: This study aimed to describe the co-construction and evaluation of the Opticourses prevention program, which promotes healthy eating among participants in socioeconomically deprived situations by improving the nutritional quality of their household food purchases with no additional cost. Methods: Individuals were recruited in poor districts of Marseille, France. The intervention and evaluation tools and protocols were co-constructed with 96 individuals. Then, 93 adults willing to participate in a standardized intervention comprising 5 participative workshops on diet and budget were enrolled. Impact on food purchases was estimated with experimental economics: 2-d experimental food purchase intents were observed at baseline and endline for workshop participants (WPs, n = 35) and controls (n = 23), with the use of monetary incentives to limit social-desirability bias. Changes in food and nutrient content and energy cost (expressed in €/2000 kcal) of experimental purchases were assessed. Results: The co-constructed participative workshops included playful activities around food purchase practices and the nutritional quality, taste, and price of foods. Experimental purchases contained a large amount of energy at baseline for both WPs and controls (5114 and 4523 kcal ⋅ d-1 ⋅ person-1, respectively). For WPs only, the mean energy content decreased between baseline and endline (-1729 kcal ⋅ d-1 ⋅ person-1; P < 0.01; medium effect size: Cohen's d = 0.5), and the percentage of energy from free sugars and from foods high in fat, sugar, and salt also decreased (both P < 0.05 and medium effect sizes), whereas energy cost remained unchanged. No significant changes between baseline and endline were observed for the controls. Conclusions: After the intervention, the energy content of participants' experimental purchases was closer to their needs, suggesting that the workshops helped them plan and rationalize their food purchases better. The nutritional quality of the experimental purchases increased but energy cost did not, showing that the co-constructed Opticourses prevention program can favorably change food purchasing behaviors of socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals with no additional cost. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02383875.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Perignon
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition Obésité et Risque Thrombotique (NORT) Joint Research Unit, Marseille, France
- Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs (MOISA) Joint Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier Supagro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Dubois
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition Obésité et Risque Thrombotique (NORT) Joint Research Unit, Marseille, France
| | - Rozenn Gazan
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition Obésité et Risque Thrombotique (NORT) Joint Research Unit, Marseille, France
- MS-Nutrition, Marseille, France
| | | | - Laurent Muller
- Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL) Joint Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Grenoble, France
| | - Bernard Ruffieux
- Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL) Joint Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Grenoble, France
| | - Hind Gaigi
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition Obésité et Risque Thrombotique (NORT) Joint Research Unit, Marseille, France
| | - Nicole Darmon
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition Obésité et Risque Thrombotique (NORT) Joint Research Unit, Marseille, France
- Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs (MOISA) Joint Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier Supagro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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20
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Menis-Henrique MEC, Janzantti NS, Conti-Silva AC. Identification of sensory and non-sensory factors involved in food consumption: A study with extruded corn-based snacks. J SENS STUD 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Eliza Cortazzo Menis-Henrique
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce); São Paulo State University (Unesp), Campus São José do Rio Preto; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Natália Soares Janzantti
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce); São Paulo State University (Unesp), Campus São José do Rio Preto; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Conti-Silva
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce); São Paulo State University (Unesp), Campus São José do Rio Preto; São Paulo Brazil
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21
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Identifying foods with good nutritional quality and price for the Opticourses intervention research project. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:3051-3059. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017002282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectivePeople on a limited budget want to know the ‘good price’ of foods. Here we report the methodology used to produce an educational tool designed to help recognize foods with good nutritional quality and price, and assess the validity and relevancy of the tool.DesignA ‘Good Price Booklet’ presenting a list of foods with good nutritional quality and price was constructed. The validity of the in-booklet prices was assessed by comparing them with prices actually paid by households from the Opticourses project. The relevancy of the booklet tool was assessed by semi-structured interviews with Opticourses participants.SettingSocio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods of Marseille, France.SubjectsNinety-one participants collected household food-purchase receipts over a 1-month period.ResultsBased on the French food database, foods with higher-than-median nutritional quality were identified. After grouping similar foods, 100 foods were selected and their corresponding in-booklet prices were derived based on the distribution of average national prices by food group. Household food purchases data revealed that of the 2386 purchases of foods listed in the booklet, 67·1 % were bought at prices lower than the in-booklet prices. Nineteen semi-structured interviews showed that participants understood the tool and most continued using it more than a month after the intervention.ConclusionsA method was developed to ease the identification of foods with good nutritional quality and price. The Good Price Booklet is an effective tool to help guide people shopping on a low budget.
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22
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Landrigan TJ, Kerr DA, Dhaliwal SS, Savage V, Pollard CM. Removing the Australian tax exemption on healthy food adds food stress to families vulnerable to poor nutrition. Aust N Z J Public Health 2017; 41:591-597. [PMID: 28898477 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of changing the Australian Goods and Services Tax (GST) on household food stress, which occurs when >25% of disposable income needs to be spent on food. METHODS Weekly healthy meal plan costs for average-income (AI), low-income (LI) and welfare-dependent (WDI) families were calculated using the 2013 Western Australian (WA) Food Access and Costs Survey. Four GST scenarios were compared: 1) status quo; 2) increasing GST to 15%; 3) expanding base to include exempt foods at 10% GST; and 4) expanding base to include exempt foods and increasing the tax to 15%. RESULTS Single-parent families risk food stress regardless of their income or the GST scenario (requiring 24-42% of disposable income). The probability of food stress in Scenario 1 is 100% for WDI two-parent families and 36% for LI earners. In Scenarios 3 and 4, food stress probability is 60-72% for two-parent LI families and AI single-parent families, increasing to 88-94% if residing in very remote areas. CONCLUSION There is food stress risk among single-parent, LI and WDI families, particularly those residing in very remote areas. Implications for public health: Expanding GST places an additional burden on people who are already vulnerable to poor nutrition and chronic disease due to their socioeconomic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah A Kerr
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Western Australia
| | | | - Victoria Savage
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Western Australia
| | - Christina M Pollard
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Western Australia.,Public Health Division, Department of Health in Western Australia
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23
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From the SAIN,LIM system to the SENS algorithm: a review of a French approach of nutrient profiling. Proc Nutr Soc 2017; 76:237-246. [PMID: 28595671 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665117000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nutrient profiling aims to classify or rank foods according to their nutritional composition to assist policies aimed at improving the nutritional quality of foods and diets. The present paper reviews a French approach of nutrient profiling by describing the SAIN,LIM system and its evolution from its early draft to the simplified nutrition labelling system (SENS) algorithm. Considered in 2010 by WHO as the 'French model' of nutrient profiling, SAIN,LIM classifies foods into four classes based on two scores: a nutrient density score (NDS) called SAIN and a score of nutrients to limit called LIM, and one threshold on each score. The system was first developed by the French Food Standard Agency in 2008 in response to the European regulation on nutrition and health claims (European Commission (EC) 1924/2006) to determine foods that may be eligible for bearing claims. Recently, the European regulation (EC 1169/2011) on the provision of food information to consumers allowed simplified nutrition labelling to facilitate consumer information and help them make fully informed choices. In that context, the SAIN,LIM was adapted to obtain the SENS algorithm, a system able to rank foods for simplified nutrition labelling. The implementation of the algorithm followed a step-by-step, systematic, transparent and logical process where shortcomings of the SAIN,LIM were addressed by integrating specificities of food categories in the SENS, reducing the number of nutrients, ordering the four classes and introducing European reference intakes. Through the French example, this review shows how an existing nutrient profiling system can be specifically adapted to support public health nutrition policies.
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Foscolou A, Tyrovolas S, Soulis G, Mariolis A, Piscopo S, Valacchi G, Anastasiou F, Lionis C, Zeimbekis A, Tur JA, Bountziouka V, Tyrovola D, Gotsis E, Metallinos G, Matalas AL, Polychronopoulos E, Sidossis L, Panagiotakos DB. The Impact of the Financial Crisis on Lifestyle Health Determinants Among Older Adults Living in the Mediterranean Region: The Multinational MEDIS Study (2005-2015). J Prev Med Public Health 2017; 50:1-9. [PMID: 28173690 PMCID: PMC5327683 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.16.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives By the end of the 2000s, the economic situation in many European countries started to deteriorate, generating financial uncertainty, social insecurity and worse health status. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the recent financial crisis has affected the lifestyle health determinants and behaviours of older adults living in the Mediterranean islands. Methods From 2005 to 2015, a population-based, multi-stage convenience sampling method was used to voluntarily enrol 2749 older adults (50% men) from 20 Mediterranean islands and the rural area of the Mani peninsula. Lifestyle status was evaluated as the cumulative score of four components (range, 0 to 6), that is, smoking habits, diet quality (MedDietScore), depression status (Geriatric Depression Scale) and physical activity. Results Older Mediterranean people enrolled in the study from 2009 onwards showed social isolation and increased smoking, were more prone to depressive symptoms, and adopted less healthy dietary habits, as compared to their counterparts participating earlier in the study (p<0.05), irrespective of age, gender, several clinical characteristics, or socioeconomic status of the participants (an almost 50% adjusted increase in the lifestyle score from before 2009 to after 2009, p<0.001). Conclusions A shift towards less healthy behaviours was noticeable after the economic crisis had commenced. Public health interventions should focus on older adults, particularly of lower socioeconomic levels, in order to effectively reduce the burden of cardiometabolic disease at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Foscolou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - George Soulis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Anargiros Mariolis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Suzanne Piscopo
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Foteini Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Lionis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Akis Zeimbekis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Josep-Antoni Tur
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Bountziouka
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Tyrovola
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimios Gotsis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - George Metallinos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia-Leda Matalas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Polychronopoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Labros Sidossis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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de Mestral C, Marques-Vidal P, Gaspoz JM, Theler JM, Guessous I. Independent association between socioeconomic indicators and macro- and micro-nutrient intake in Switzerland. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174578. [PMID: 28369086 PMCID: PMC5378340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic differences in diet are rarely assessed with more than one indicator. We aimed to assess differences in macro- and micro-nutrient intake in both sexes according to education, income, and occupation. METHODS We used data from validated food frequency questionnaire measured dietary intake in 5087 participants (2157 women) from yearly adult population-based cross-sectional surveys conducted from 2005 to 2012 in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. We used two ANOVA models: age-adjusted and multivariable adjusted simultaneously for all three socioeconomic indicators. RESULTS Low-education men consumed more calcium but less vitamin D than high-education men; low-income men consumed less total and animal protein (80.9±0.9 vs 84.0±0.6 g/d; 55.6±1.0 vs 59.5±0.7 g/d) and more total carbohydrates and sugars (246±2 vs 235±2 g/d; 108±2 vs 103±1 g/d) than high-income men. Occupation and diet showed no association. Low-education women consumed less vegetable protein (20.7±0.2 vs 21.6±0.2 g/d), fibre (15.7±0.3 vs 16.8±0.2 g/d), and carotene (4222±158 vs 4870±128 μg/d) than high-education women; low-income women consumed more total carbohydrates (206±2 vs 197±1 g/d) and less monounsaturated fat (27.7±0.4 vs 29.3±0.3 g/d) than high-income women. Finally, low-occupation women consumed more total energy (1792±27 vs 1714±15 kcal/d) and total carbohydrates (206±2 vs 200±1 g/d), but less saturated fat (23.0±0.3 vs 24.4±0.2 g/d), calcium (935±17 vs 997±10 mg/d) and vitamin D (2.5±0.1 vs 2.9±0.1 μg/d), than high-occupation women. CONCLUSION In Switzerland, the influence of socioeconomic factors on nutrient intake differs by sex; income and education, but not occupation, drive differences among men; among women, all three indicators seem to play a role. Interventions to reduce inequalities should consider the influence of education, income, and occupation in diet to be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos de Mestral
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Gaspoz
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Theler
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mayén AL, de Mestral C, Zamora G, Paccaud F, Marques-Vidal P, Bovet P, Stringhini S. Interventions promoting healthy eating as a tool for reducing social inequalities in diet in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Int J Equity Health 2016; 15:205. [PMID: 28007023 PMCID: PMC5180409 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-016-0489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diet is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and is also strongly patterned by socioeconomic factors. Whether interventions promoting healthy eating reduce social inequalities in diet in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains uncertain. This paper aims to summarize current evidence on interventions promoting healthy eating in LMICs, and to establish whether they reduce social inequalities in diet. Methods Systematic review of cross-sectional or quasi-experimental studies (pre- and post-assessment of interventions) in Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar databases, including adults in LMICs, assessing at least one outcome of healthy eating and showing results stratified by socioeconomic status. Results Seven intervention studies including healthy eating promotion, conducted in seven LMICs (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Iran, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, and Tunisia), met our inclusion criteria. To promote healthy eating, all interventions used nutrition education and three of them combined nutrition education with improved acces to foods or social support. Interventions targeted mostly women and varied widely regarding communication tools and duration of the nutrition education sessions. Most interventions used printed material, media use or face-to-face training and lasted from 6 weeks to 5 years. Four interventions targeted disadvantaged populations, and three targeted the entire population. In three out of four interventions targeting disadvantaged populations, healthy eating outcomes were improved suggesting they were likely to reduce social inequalities in diet. All interventions directed to the entire population showed improved healthy eating outcomes in all social strata, and were considered as having no impact on social inequalities in diet. Conclusion In LMICs, agentic interventions promoting healthy eating reduced social inequalities in diet when specifically targeting disadvantaged populations. Further research should assess the impact on social inequalities in diet of a combination of agentic and structural approaches in interventions promoting healthy eating. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12939-016-0489-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Lucia Mayén
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Carlos de Mestral
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerardo Zamora
- Evidence and Programme Guidance, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fred Paccaud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Nakamura S, Inayama T, Hata K, Matsushita M, Takahashi M, Harada K, Arao T. Association of household income and education with eating behaviors in Japanese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:61. [PMID: 26800891 PMCID: PMC4722662 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic inequalities as social determinants of health are important issues in public health and health promotion. However, the association between socioeconomic status and eating behaviors has been investigated poorly in Japanese adults. To fill this gap, the present study examines the association of eating behaviors with household income and education. METHODS The sample comprised 3,137 Japanese adults (1,580 men and 1,557 women) aged 30 to 59 years who responded to an Internet-based cross-sectional survey in 2014. Data on the following eating behaviors were collected via self-report: "taking care of one's diet for health," "eating vegetables," "frequency of eating breakfast," "frequency of family breakfasts," "frequency of family dinners," "using the information on nutrition labels," and "conversations with family or friends during meals." Self-reported data on socioeconomic status (household income and education) and demographic variables (gender, age, district of residence, marital status, residence status, and employment status) were also collected. The associations between eating behaviors and household income or education were tested using binomial logistic regression analysis with eating behaviors as dependent variables and household income and education as independent variables. A trend P -value was calculated for three categories of household income (less than 3,000,000 JPY, 3,000,000-7,000,000 JPY, and over 7,000,000 JPY) and education (junior high/high school, 2-year college, and 4-year college/graduate school). RESULTS Higher household income and education were significantly associated with higher rates of eating vegetables, using the information on nutrition labels, and conversation with family or friends during meals in Japanese men and women. Higher household incomes were significantly associated with lower rates of frequency of family breakfasts in Japanese men and lower rates of frequency of family dinners in Japanese men and women. CONCLUSIONS Higher socioeconomic status as indicated by household income or education was associated with eating more vegetables and conversation with family or friends during meals in Japanese men and women. Socioeconomic status should be considered in health promotion and diet improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayo Inayama
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kikuko Hata
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Takahashi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Harada
- Section of Motor Function Activation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Arao
- School of Sports Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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Elderly Taiwanese who spend more on fruits and vegetables and less on animal-derived foods use less medical services and incur lower medical costs. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:823-33. [PMID: 26786998 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515005140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A higher intake of fruits and vegetables (F&V) compared with animal-derived foods is associated with lower risks of all-cause-, cancer- and CVD-related mortalities. However, the association between consumption patterns and medical costs remains unclear. The effects of various food group costs on medical service utilisation and costs were investigated. The study cohort was recruited through the Elderly Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan between 1999 and 2000 and followed-up for 8 years until 2006. It comprised free-living elderly participants who provided a 24-h dietary recall. Daily energy-adjusted food group costs were estimated. Annual medical service utilisation and costs for 1445 participants aged 65-79 years were calculated from the National Health Insurance claim data. Generalised linear models were used to appraise the associations between the food group costs and medical service utilisation and costs. Older adults with the highest F&V cost tertile had significantly fewer hospital days (30%) and total medical costs (19%), whereas those in the highest animal-derived group had a higher number of hospital days (28%) and costs (83%) as well as total medical costs (38%). Participants in the high F&V and low animal-derived cost groups had the shortest annual hospitalisation stays (5·78 d) and lowest costs (NT$38,600) as well as the lowest total medical costs (NT$75,800), a mean annual saving of NT$45 200/person. Older adults who spend more on F&V and less on animal-derived foods have a reduced medical-care system burden. This provides opportunities for nutritionally related healthcare system investment strategies.
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Darmon N, Drewnowski A. Contribution of food prices and diet cost to socioeconomic disparities in diet quality and health: a systematic review and analysis. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:643-60. [PMID: 26307238 PMCID: PMC4586446 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT It is well established in the literature that healthier diets cost more than unhealthy diets. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to examine the contribution of food prices and diet cost to socioeconomic inequalities in diet quality. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases was performed. STUDY SELECTION Publications linking food prices, dietary quality, and socioeconomic status were selected. DATA EXTRACTION Where possible, review conclusions were illustrated using a French national database of commonly consumed foods and their mean retail prices. DATA SYNTHESIS Foods of lower nutritional value and lower-quality diets generally cost less per calorie and tended to be selected by groups of lower socioeconomic status. A number of nutrient-dense foods were available at low cost but were not always palatable or culturally acceptable to the low-income consumer. Acceptable healthier diets were uniformly associated with higher costs. Food budgets in poverty were insufficient to ensure optimum diets. CONCLUSIONS Socioeconomic disparities in diet quality may be explained by the higher cost of healthy diets. Identifying food patterns that are nutrient rich, affordable, and appealing should be a priority to fight social inequalities in nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Darmon
- N. Darmon is with the Unité Mixte de Recherche "Nutrition, Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis," Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 1260, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1062, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France. A. Drewnowski is with the Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Adam Drewnowski
- N. Darmon is with the Unité Mixte de Recherche "Nutrition, Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis," Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 1260, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1062, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France. A. Drewnowski is with the Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Differential Responses to Food Price Changes by Personal Characteristic: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130320. [PMID: 26151133 PMCID: PMC4494840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fiscal interventions to improve population diet have been recommended for consideration by many organisations including the World Health Organisation and the United Nations and policies such as sugar-sweetened beverage taxes have been implemented at national and sub-national levels. However, concerns have been raised with respect to the differential impact of fiscal interventions on population sub-groups and this remains a barrier to implementation. OBJECTIVE To examine how personal characteristics (such as socioeconomic status, sex, impulsivity, and income) moderate changes in purchases of targeted foods in response to food and beverage price changes in experimental settings. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES Online databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, EconLit and PsycInfo), reference lists of previous reviews, and additional data from study authors. STUDY SELECTION We included randomised controlled trials where food and beverage prices were manipulated and reported differential effects of the intervention on participant sub-groups defined according to personal characteristics. DATA ANALYSIS Where possible, we extracted data to enable the calculation of price elasticities for the target foods by personal characteristic. RESULTS 8 studies were included in the review. Across studies, the difference in price elasticity varied from 0.02 to 2.43 between groups within the same study. 11 out of the total of 18 comparisons of own-price elasticity estimates by personal characteristic differed by more than 0.2 between groups. Income related factors were the most commonly considered and there was an indication that own-price elasticity estimates do vary by income but the direction of this effect was not clear. CONCLUSION Experimental studies provide an opportunity to examine the differential effects of fiscal measures to improve population diets. Patterns in price sensitivity by personal characteristics are complex. General conclusions pertaining to the effects of personal characteristics on price sensitivity are not supported by the evidence, which shows heterogeneity between studies and populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42014009705.
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Stephens LD, McNaughton SA, Crawford D, Ball K. Nutrition promotion approaches preferred by Australian adolescents attending schools in disadvantaged neighbourhoods: a qualitative study. BMC Pediatr 2015; 15:61. [PMID: 25986466 PMCID: PMC4448298 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Links between socioeconomic disadvantage and unhealthy eating behaviours among adolescents are well established. Little is known about strategies that might support healthy eating among this target group. This study aimed to identify potential strategies and preferred dissemination methods that could be employed in nutrition promotion initiatives focussed on improving eating behaviours among socioeconomically disadvantaged adolescents. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2011 among 22 adolescents (12–15 years) recruited from secondary schools in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Victoria, Australia. Results Strategies suggested by adolescents to support healthy eating included increasing awareness about healthy eating; greater cooking involvement; greater parental and peer support; frequent family meal participation; greater parental and peer role-modelling of healthy eating; increased availability of healthy foods and decreased availability of unhealthy foods in homes and schools. Adolescents preferred electronic media, adolescent-specific recipe books, and school-based methods for distributing nutrition promotion messages and strategies. Conclusions A number of suggested strategies and methods identified in the present investigation have been employed with success in previous nutrition promotion interventions targeting socioeconomically disadvantaged adolescents. The present study also contributes novel insights into potential strategies and methods that could be employed in initiatives aiming to improve eating behaviours in this vulnerable group, and particularly highlights the importance of incorporating strategies involving parents and modifying the home food environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena D Stephens
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - David Crawford
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Kylie Ball
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
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Socio-economic differences in predictors of frequent dairy food consumption among Australian adolescents: a longitudinal study. Public Health Nutr 2015; 18:3326-36. [PMID: 25702749 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sufficient dairy food consumption during adolescence is necessary for preventing disease. While socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents tend to consume few dairy foods, some eat quantities more in line with dietary recommendations despite socio-economic challenges. Socio-economic variations in factors supportive of adolescents' frequent dairy consumption remain unexplored. The present study aimed to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between intrapersonal, social and environmental factors and adolescents' frequent dairy consumption at baseline and two years later across socio-economic strata, and to examine whether socio-economic position moderated observed effects. DESIGN Online surveys completed at baseline (2004-2005) and follow-up (2006-2007) included a thirty-eight-item FFQ and questions based on social ecological models examining intrapersonal, social and environmental dietary influences. SETTING Thirty-seven secondary schools in Victoria, Australia. SUBJECTS Australian adolescents (n 1201) aged 12-15 years, drawn from a sub-sample of 3264 adolescents (response rate=33%). RESULTS While frequent breakfast consumption was cross-sectionally associated with frequent dairy consumption among all adolescents, additional associated factors differed by socio-economic position. Baseline dairy consumption longitudinally predicted consumption at follow-up. No further factors predicted frequent consumption among disadvantaged adolescents, while four additional factors were predictive among advantaged adolescents. Socio-economic position moderated two predictors; infrequently eating dinner alone and never purchasing from school vending machines predicted frequent consumption among advantaged adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Nutrition promotion initiatives aimed at improving adolescents' dairy consumption should employ multifactorial approaches informed by social ecological models and address socio-economic differences in influences on eating behaviours; e.g., selected intrapersonal factors among all adolescents and social factors (e.g., mealtime rules) among advantaged adolescents.
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Niebylski ML, Redburn KA, Duhaney T, Campbell NR. Healthy food subsidies and unhealthy food taxation: A systematic review of the evidence. Nutrition 2014; 31:787-95. [PMID: 25933484 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Global Burden of Disease Study and related studies report unhealthy diet is the leading risk for death and disability globally. Given the evidence associating diet and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), international and national health bodies including the World Health Organization and United Nations have called for population health interventions to improve diet as a means to target NCDs. One of the proposed interventions is to ensure healthy foods/beverages are more accessible to purchasers and unhealthy ones less accessible via fiscal policy, namely taxation and subsidies. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence base to assess the effect of healthy food/beverage subsidies and unhealthy food/beverage taxation. A comprehensive review was conducted by searching PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed publications and seventy-eight studies were identified for inclusion in this review. This review was performed in keeping with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance. Although moderate in quality, there was consistent evidence that taxation and subsidy intervention influenced dietary behaviors. The quality, level and strength of evidence along with identified gaps in research support the need for further policies and ongoing evaluation of population-wide food/beverage subsidies and taxation. To maximize success and effect, this review suggests that food taxes and subsidies should be a minimum of 10 to 15% and preferably used in tandem. Implementation of population-wide polices for taxation and subsides with ongoing evaluation of intended and unintended effects are supported by this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Niebylski
- World Hypertension League, Office of the Chief Executive, Corvallis, Montana, USA.
| | - Kimbree A Redburn
- World Hypertension League, Office of the Chief Executive, Corvallis, Montana, USA
| | - Tara Duhaney
- Canadian Hypertension Advisory Committee, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Norm R Campbell
- Departments of Medicine, Community Health Sciences and of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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