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Ďúranová H, Kšiňan S, Kuželová L, Šimora V, Ďurišová Ľ, Olexíková L, Ernst D, Kolenčík M. Nanoparticle-plant interactions: Physico-chemical characteristics, application strategies, and transmission electron microscopy-based ultrastructural insights, with a focus on stereological research. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142772. [PMID: 38971445 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Ensuring global food security is pressing among challenges like population growth, climate change, soil degradation, and diminishing resources. Meeting the rising food demand while reducing agriculture's environmental impact requires innovative solutions. Nanotechnology, with its potential to revolutionize agriculture, offers novel approaches to these challenges. However, potential risks and regulatory aspects of nanoparticle (NP) utilization in agriculture must be considered to maximize their benefits for human health and the environment. Understanding NP-plant cell interactions is crucial for assessing risks of NP exposure and developing strategies to control NP uptake by treated plants. Insights into NP uptake mechanisms, distribution patterns, subcellular accumulation, and induced alterations in cellular architecture can be effectively drawn using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM allows direct visualization of NPs within plant tissues/cells and their influence on organelles and subcellular structures at high resolution. Moreover, integrating TEM with stereological principles, which has not been previously utilized in NP-plant cell interaction assessments, provides a novel and quantitative framework to assess these interactions. Design-based stereology enhances TEM capability by enabling precise and unbiased quantification of three-dimensional structures from two-dimensional images. This combined approach offers comprehensive data on NP distribution, accumulation, and effects on cellular morphology, providing deeper insights into NP impact on plant physiology and health. This report highlights the efficient use of TEM, enhanced by stereology, in investigating diverse NP-plant tissue/cell interactions. This methodology facilitates detailed visualization of NPs and offers robust quantitative analysis, advancing our understanding of NP behavior in plant systems and their potential implications for agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ďúranová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Samuel Kšiňan
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Lenka Kuželová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia; Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Šimora
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ľuba Ďurišová
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Olexíková
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 95141, Lužianky, Slovakia
| | - Dávid Ernst
- Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Kolenčík
- Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
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Heise EL, Salman J, Webs KS, Höffler K, Brandenberger C, Böthig D, Mühlfeld C, Haverich A. Hypoxic perfusion of pulmonary arterial vasa vasorum increases pulmonary arterial pressure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 327:L79-L85. [PMID: 38651234 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00346.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not fully understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that hypoxic perfusion of the vasa vasorum of the pulmonary arterial (PA) wall causes PH. Young adult pig lungs were explanted and placed into a modified ex vivo lung perfusion unit (organ care system, OCS) allowing the separate adjustment of parameters for mechanical ventilation, as well as PA perfusion and bronchial arterial (BA) perfusion. The PA vasa vasorum are branches of the BA. The lungs were used either as the control group (n = 3) or the intervention group (n = 8). The protocol for the intervention group was as follows: normoxic ventilation and perfusion (steady state), hypoxic BA perfusion, steady state, and hypoxic BA perfusion. During hypoxic BA perfusion, ventilation and PA perfusion maintained normal. Control lungs were kept under steady-state conditions for 105 min. During the experiments, PA pressure (PAP) and blood gas analysis were frequently monitored. Hypoxic perfusion of the BA resulted in an increase in systolic and mean PAP, a reaction that was reversible upon normoxic BA perfusion. The PAP increase was reproducible during the second hypoxic BA perfusion. Under control conditions, the PAP stayed constant until about 80 min of the experiment. In conclusion, the results of the current study prove that hypoxic perfusion of the vasa vasorum of the PA directly increases PAP in an ex situ lung perfusion setup, suggesting that PA vasa vasorum function and wall ischemia may contribute to the development of PH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hypoxic perfusion of the vasa vasorum of the pulmonary artery directly increased pulmonary arterial pressure in an ex vivo lung perfusion setup. This suggests that the function of pulmonary arterial vasa vasorum and wall ischemia may contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Heise
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jawad Salman
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Karolin S Webs
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Klaus Höffler
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Böthig
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Germany
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Dzyhovskyi V, Romani A, Pula W, Bondi A, Ferrara F, Melloni E, Gonelli A, Pozza E, Voltan R, Sguizzato M, Secchiero P, Esposito E. Characterization Methods for Nanoparticle-Skin Interactions: An Overview. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:599. [PMID: 38792620 PMCID: PMC11122446 DOI: 10.3390/life14050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Research progresses have led to the development of different kinds of nanoplatforms to deliver drugs through different biological membranes. Particularly, nanocarriers represent a precious means to treat skin pathologies, due to their capability to solubilize lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs, to control their release, and to promote their permeation through the stratum corneum barrier. A crucial point in the development of nano-delivery systems relies on their characterization, as well as in the assessment of their interaction with tissues, in order to predict their fate under in vivo administration. The size of nanoparticles, their shape, and the type of matrix can influence their biodistribution inside the skin strata and their cellular uptake. In this respect, an overview of some characterization methods employed to investigate nanoparticles intended for topical administration is presented here, namely dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the main fluorescence methods employed to detect the in vitro nanoparticles interaction with skin cell lines, such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting or confocal imaging, are described, considering different examples of applications. Finally, recent studies on the techniques employed to determine the nanoparticle presence in the skin by ex vivo and in vivo models are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyn Dzyhovskyi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.D.); (A.R.); (E.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Arianna Romani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.D.); (A.R.); (E.M.); (E.P.)
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA) Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Walter Pula
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (W.P.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Agnese Bondi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (W.P.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (W.P.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.D.); (A.R.); (E.M.); (E.P.)
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA) Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Elena Pozza
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.D.); (A.R.); (E.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA) Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Maddalena Sguizzato
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (W.P.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.D.); (A.R.); (E.M.); (E.P.)
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA) Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (W.P.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (M.S.)
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Xia R, Fang N, Yang Y, Xu F, Zhang L, Ji S. PM2.5 promotes apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells via targeting ROS/p38 signaling pathway and thus leads to emphysema in mice. Minerva Med 2023; 114:652-657. [PMID: 32491296 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to uncover the ability of PM2.5 exposure to induce apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells by stimulating excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus activating p38 to result in emphysema in mice. METHODS Male BALB/c mice with 6-8-week-old were exposed to 200 TPM mg/L PM2.5 for 12 weeks. Lung tissues of mice were harvested after sacrifice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted for observing alveolar structure change. Protein levels of p-p38 and p38, as well as ROS level in mouse liver tissues were determined. A549 cells were exposed to different doses of PM2.5, followed by ROS detection, protein level detection of p-p38 and p38, and apoptosis determination. After transfection of si-p38, protein level of clv-caspase3 and apoptotic rate in PM2.5-exposed A549 cells were assessed. RESULTS After 12-week exposure to PM2.5, enlarged alveolar space, elevated ROS level in lung tissues and activated p38 were observed in mice. In PM2.5-exposed A549 cells, ROS level, p-p38 expression and apoptotic rate were dose-dependently enhanced. The antioxidant NAC reversed the above changes in PM2.5-exposed A549 cells. Silence of p38 reversed the enhanced clv-claspase3 level and apoptotic rate in PM2.5-exposed A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 exposure elevates ROS level in lung tissues, and activates p38, thus leading to apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells. PM2.5 finally results in the development of emphysema in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Na Fang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory and Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory and Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lingge Zhang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory and Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory and Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China -
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Sebastian S, Hoffmann MK, Howard D, Young C, Washington J, Unterweger H, Alexiou C, Turnbull T, D’Andrea R, Hoffmann P, Kempson I. Kinetic Effects of Transferrin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles on the Antioxidant Glutathione-Thioredoxin Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1617. [PMID: 37627612 PMCID: PMC10451790 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based therapeutics are being clinically translated for treating cancer. Even when thought to be biocompatible, nanoparticles are being increasingly identified as altering cell regulation and homeostasis. Antioxidant pathways are important for maintaining cell redox homeostasis and play important roles by maintaining ROS levels within tolerable ranges. Here, we sought to understand how a model of a relatively inert nanoparticle without any therapeutic agent itself could antagonize a cancer cell lines' antioxidant mechanism. A label-free protein expression approach was used to assess the glutathione-thioredoxin antioxidative pathway in a prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) after exposure to gold nanoparticles conjugated with a targeting moiety (transferrin). The impact of the nanoparticles was also corroborated through morphological analysis with TEM and classification of pro-apoptotic cells by way of the sub-G0/G1 population via the cell cycle and annexin V apoptosis assay. After a two-hour exposure to nanoparticles, major proteins associated with the glutathione-thioredoxin antioxidant pathway were downregulated. However, this response was acute, and in terms of protein expression, cells quickly recovered within 24 h once nanoparticle exposure ceased. The impact on PRDX-family proteins appears as the most influential factor in how these nanoparticles induced an oxidative stress response in the PC-3 cells. An apparent adaptive response was observed if exposure to nanoparticles continued. Acute exposure was observed to have a detrimental effect on cell viability compared to continuously exposed cells. Nanoparticle effects on cell regulation likely provide a compounding therapeutic advantage under some circumstances, in addition to the action of any cytotoxic agents; however, any therapeutic advantage offered by nanoparticles themselves with regard to vulnerabilities specific to the glutathione-thioredoxin antioxidative pathway is highly temporal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sebastian
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
| | - Manuela Klingler Hoffmann
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Douglas Howard
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
| | - Clifford Young
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jenni Washington
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Harald Unterweger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.U.); (C.A.)
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.U.); (C.A.)
| | - Tyron Turnbull
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
| | - Richard D’Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Ivan Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
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Nowak-Jary J, Machnicka B. In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4067-4100. [PMID: 37525695 PMCID: PMC10387276 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s415063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite and maghemite) are intensively studied due to their broad potential applications in medical and biological sciences. Their unique properties, such as nanometric size, large specific surface area, and superparamagnetism, allow them to be used in targeted drug delivery and internal radiotherapy by targeting an external magnetic field. In addition, they are successfully used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, and radiolabelling. The appropriate design of nanoparticles allows them to be delivered to the desired tissues and organs. The desired biodistribution of nanoparticles, eg, cancerous tumors, is increased using an external magnetic field. Thus, knowledge of the biodistribution of these nanoparticles is essential for medical applications. It allows for determining whether nanoparticles are captured by the desired organs or accumulated in other tissues, which may lead to potential toxicity. This review article presents the main organs where nanoparticles accumulate. The sites of their first uptake are usually the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, but with the appropriate design of nanoparticles, they can also be accumulated in organs such as the lungs, heart, or brain. In addition, the review describes the factors affecting the biodistribution of nanoparticles, including their size, shape, surface charge, coating molecules, and route of administration. Modern techniques for determining nanoparticle accumulation sites and concentration in isolated tissues or the body in vivo are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nowak-Jary
- University of Zielona Gora, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Zielona Gora, 65-516, Poland
| | - Beata Machnicka
- University of Zielona Gora, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Zielona Gora, 65-516, Poland
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Marques SM, Kumar L. Factors affecting the preparation of nanocrystals: characterization, surface modifications and toxicity aspects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:871-894. [PMID: 37222381 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2218084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fabrication of well-defined nanocrystals in size and form is the focus of much investigation. In this work, we have critically reviewed several recent instances from the literature that shows how the production procedure affects the physicochemical properties of the nanocrystals. AREAS COVERED Scopus, MedLine, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for peer-review articles published in the past few years using different key words. Authors chose relevant publications from their files for this review. This review focuses on the range of techniques available for producing nanocrystals. We draw attention to several recent instances demonstrating the impact of various process and formulation variables that affect the nanocrystals' physicochemical properties. Moreover, various developments in the characterization techniques explored for nanocrystals concerning their size, morphology, etc. have been discussed. Last but not least, recent applications, the effect of surface modifications, and the toxicological traits of nanocrystals have also been reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The selection of an appropriate production method for the formation of nanocrystals, together with a deep understanding of the relationship between the drug's physicochemical properties, unique features of the various formulation alternatives, and anticipated in-vivo performance, would significantly reduce the risk of failure during human clinical trials that are inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirleen Miriam Marques
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
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Aslam I, Roeffaers MBJ. Carbonaceous Nanoparticle Air Pollution: Toxicity and Detection in Biological Samples. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12223948. [PMID: 36432235 PMCID: PMC9698098 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Among the different air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) is of great concern due to its abundant presence in the atmosphere, which results in adverse effects on the environment and human health. The different components of PM can be classified based on their physicochemical properties. Carbonaceous particles (CPs) constitute a major fraction of ultrafine PM and have the most harmful effects. Herein, we present a detailed overview of the main components of CPs, e.g., carbon black (CB), black carbon (BC), and brown carbon (BrC), from natural and anthropogenic sources. The emission sources and the adverse effects of CPs on the environment and human health are discussed. Particularly, we provide a detailed overview of the reported toxic effects of CPs in the human body, such as respiratory effects, cardiovascular effects, neurodegenerative effects, carcinogenic effects, etc. In addition, we also discuss the challenges faced by and limitations of the available analytical techniques for the qualitative and quantitative detection of CPs in atmospheric and biological samples. Considering the heterogeneous nature of CPs and biological samples, a detailed overview of different analytical techniques for the detection of CPs in (real-exposure) biological samples is also provided. This review provides useful insights into the classification, toxicity, and detection of CPs in biological samples.
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Galangin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex as a Drug-Delivery System for Improved Solubility and Biocompatibility in Breast Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144521. [PMID: 35889394 PMCID: PMC9318178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of a newly modified cyclodextrin derivative, water-soluble β-cyclodextrin–epichlorohydrin (β-CD), as an effective drug carrier to enhance the poor solubility and bioavailability of galangin (GAL), a poorly water-soluble model drug. In this regard, inclusion complexes of GAL/β-CDP were prepared. UV-VIS spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray crystallography (XRD), zeta potential analysis, particle size analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to characterize the synthesized GAL/β-CD. Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7; human breast cancer cells) and rat embryo fibroblast (REF; normal cells) were employed to examine the in vitro cytotoxic effects of GAL/β-CD using various parameters. The dye-based tests of MTT and crystal violet clearly exhibited that GAL/β-CD-treated cells had a reduced proliferation rate, an influence that was not found in the normal cell line. The cells’ death was found to follow apoptotic mechanisms, as revealed by the dye-based test of acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr), with the involvement of the mitochondria via caspase-3-mediated events, as manifested by the Rh 123 test. We also included a mouse model to examine possible in vivo toxic effects of GAL/β-CD. It appears that the inclusion complex does not have a significant influence on normal cells, as indicated by serum levels of kidney and liver enzymatic markers, as well as thymic and splenic mass indices. A similar conclusion was reached on the histological level, as manifested by the absence of pathological alterations in the liver, kidney, thymus, spleen, heart, and lung.
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Jin X, Ding J, Ge X, Liu J, Xie B, Zhao S, Zhao Q. Machine learning driven by environmental covariates to estimate high-resolution PM2.5 in data-poor regions. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13203. [PMID: 35378927 PMCID: PMC8976473 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PM2.5, which refers to fine particles with an equivalent aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 µm, can not only affect air quality but also endanger public health. Nevertheless, the spatial distribution of PM2.5 is not well understood in data-poor regions where monitoring stations are scarce. Therefore, we constructed a random forest (RF) model and a bagging algorithm model based on ground-monitored PM2.5 data, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and meteorological data, and auxiliary geographical variables to accurately estimate the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentrations in Xinjiang during 2015-2020 at a resolution of 1 km. Through 10-fold cross-validation (CV), the RF model and bagging algorithm model were verified and compared. The results showed the following: (1) The RF model achieved better model performance and thus can be used to estimate the PM2.5 concentration at a relatively high resolution. (2) The PM2.5 concentrations were high in southern Xinjiang and low in northern Xinjiang. The high values were concentrated mainly in the Tarim Basin, while most areas of northern Xinjiang maintained low PM2.5 levels year-round. (3) The PM2.5 values in Xinjiang showed significant seasonality, with the seasonally averaged concentrations decreasing as follows: winter (71.95 µg m-3) > spring (64.76 µg m-3) > autumn (46.01 µg m-3) > summer (43.40 µg m-3). Our model provides a way to monitor air quality in data-scarce places, thereby advancing efforts to achieve sustainable development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoYe Jin
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianli Ding
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,MNR Technology Innovation Center for Central Asia Geo-Information Exploitation and Utilization, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiangyu Ge
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Boqiang Xie
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiaozhen Zhao
- Department of MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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11
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Chen K, Wu J, Yarin A. Electrospun membranes filtering 100 nm particles from air flow by means of the van der Waals and Coulomb forces. J Memb Sci 2022; 644:120138. [PMID: 36567692 PMCID: PMC9759630 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonwoven fibrous filter membranes are widely used in filtration because of their low cost. They are less effective in intercepting airborne particles of the order of 100 nm, which is of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus's size. Many diseases, including COVID-19, predominantly spread by droplets released by breathing, coughing, sneezing, or medical procedures. It was shown that the smallest droplets can evaporate in air before settling, thus, making viruses airborne and easily penetrating even the best masks and filters. As a result, air-filtering membranes, which are capable of effective interception of ∼100 nm nanoparticles are highly desirable. A traditional way to improve filtration efficiency by overlapping several layers of nonwoven fabrics increases the required pressure drop, and thus, should be avoided as much as possible. Here, we propose and demonstrate an innovative approach to enhance performance of filtration membranes based on (i) a dramatic reduction in the fiber size, and (ii) metal coating of the fibers. The first component of this approach allows one to incorporate a novel physical mechanism of filtration, the short-range van der Waals forces, whereas the second one adds the long-range electric Coulomb forces if the oncoming nanoparticles are pre-charged and the metal-plated membrane grounded. In the present work, the ∼100 nm aluminum nanoparticles are filtered as a model of commensurate airborne single COVID-19 viruses, and Platinum is used as the sputter-coated material for the fiber coating. The resulting filtration efficiency enhanced by the electric Coulomb forces alone is increased by the factor of 1.77, while the filtration efficiency additionally facilitated by the van der Waals forces increased by the factor of 2.44. In comparison to the filter membranes with ∼500 nm fibers without the electric forces involved, the van-der-Waals-electric filter membrane with fibers ∼90 nm is 2.24 × 1.77 = 3.96 times more effective. The quality factor of a membrane which combines the van der Waals and Coulomb forces is 10.6 psi-1, which is almost three times that of a comparable membrane without the electric Coulomb force (with only van der Waals forces being used).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607-7022, USA
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607-7022, USA
| | - A.L. Yarin
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607-7022, USA,School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author. School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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12
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Liu R, Liu K, Cui G, Tan M. Change of Cell Toxicity of Food-Borne Nanoparticles after Forming Protein Coronas with Human Serum Albumin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1261-1271. [PMID: 34978192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can form protein coronas with plasma proteins after entering the biological environment due to their surface adsorption ability. In this study, the effects of protein coronas of roast squid food-borne nanoparticles (FNPs) with human serum albumin (HSA) on the HepG-2 and normal rat kidney (NRK) cells were investigated. The hydrodynamic diameters of the HSA and HSA-FNPs were 8 and 13 nm, respectively. The cytotoxicity and cell membrane damage of FNPs to HepG-2 cells increased with the increase of roasting temperature. The presence of 4.78 × 10-3 mol/L FNPs increased the numbers of cellular necrosis and prolonged the G2 phase of the cell cycle. The formation of protein coronas of squid FNPs mitigated the autophagy phenomenon by FNPs on HepG-2 cells. Moreover, protein coronas reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential in the HepG-2 and NRK cells and the production of reactive oxygen species caused by FNPs. The abnormal contents of oxidative stress indicators such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and catalase in HepG-2 and NRK cells induced by FNPs were alleviated due to the presence of HSA. These results suggested that the protein coronas formed by HSA on FNPs mitigated the cytotoxicity compared with the bare FNPs, thus providing insights into the interaction of squid FNPs with HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronggang Liu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Kangjing Liu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Guoxin Cui
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
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13
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Grover A, Sinha R, Jyoti D, Faggio C. Imperative role of electron microscopy in toxicity assessment: A review. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:1976-1989. [PMID: 34904321 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electron microscope (EM) was developed in 1931 and since then microscopical examination of both the biological and non-biological samples has been revolutionized. Modifications in electron microscopy techniques, such as scanning EM and transmission EM, have widened their applicability in the various sectors such as understanding of drug toxicity, development of mechanism, criminal site investigation, and characterization of the nano-molecule. The present review summarizes its role in important aspects such as toxicity assessment and disease diagnosis in special reference to SARS-COV2. In the biological system, EM studies have elucidated the impact of toxicants at the ultra-structural level in various tissue in conformity to physiological alterations. Thus, EM can be concluded as an important tool in toxicity assessment and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseem Grover
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, India
| | - Reshma Sinha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, India
| | - Divya Jyoti
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, India
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy
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14
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Fussell JC, Kelly FJ. Mechanisms underlying the health effects of desert sand dust. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106790. [PMID: 34333291 PMCID: PMC8484861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and climate change indicate a future expansion of the global area of dry land and an increase in the risk of drought. Humans may therefore be at an ever-increasing risk of frequent exposure to, and resultant adverse health effects of desert sand dust. This review appraises a total of 52 experimental studies that have sought to identify mechanisms and intermediate endpoints underlying epidemiological evidence of an impact of desert dust on cardiovascular and respiratory health. Toxicological studies, in main using doses that reflect or at least approach real world exposures during a dust event, have demonstrated that virgin sand dust particles and dust storm particles sampled at remote locations away from the source induce inflammatory lung injury and aggravate allergen-induced nasal and pulmonary eosinophilia. Effects are orchestrated by cytokines, chemokines and antigen-specific immunoglobulin potentially via toll-like receptor/myeloid differentiation factor signaling pathways. Findings suggest that in addition to involvement of adhered chemical and biological pollutants, mineralogical components may also be implicated in the pathogenesis of human respiratory disorders during a dust event. Whilst comparisons with urban particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) suggest that allergic inflammatory responses are greater for microbial element-rich dust- PM2.5, aerosols generated during dust events appear to have a lower oxidative potential compared to combustion-generated PM2.5 sampled during non-dust periods. In vitro findings suggest that the significant amounts of suspended desert dust during storm periods may provide a platform to intermix with chemicals on its surfaces, thereby increasing the bioreactivity of PM2.5 during dust storm episodes, and that mineral dust surface reactions are an unrecognized source of toxic organic chemicals in the atmosphere, enhancing toxicity of aerosols in urban environments. In summary, the experimental research on desert dust on respiratory endpoints go some way in clarifying the mechanistic effects of atmospheric desert dust on the upper and lower human respiratory system. In doing so, they provide support for biological plausibility of epidemiological associations between this particulate air pollutant and events including exacerbation of asthma, hospitalization for respiratory infections and seasonal allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Fussell
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Frank J Kelly
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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15
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Transmission Electron Microscopy as a Powerful Tool to Investigate the Interaction of Nanoparticles with Subcellular Structures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312789. [PMID: 34884592 PMCID: PMC8657944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedical research necessarily involves the study of the interactions between nanoparticulates and the biological environment. Transmission electron microscopy has proven to be a powerful tool in providing information about nanoparticle uptake, biodistribution and relationships with cell and tissue components, thanks to its high resolution. This article aims to overview the transmission electron microscopy techniques used to explore the impact of nanoconstructs on biological systems, highlighting the functional value of ultrastructural morphology, histochemistry and microanalysis as well as their fundamental contribution to the advancement of nanomedicine.
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16
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New Analytical Approaches for Effective Quantification and Identification of Nanoplastics in Environmental Samples. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9112086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are a rapidly developing subject that is relevant in environmental and food research, as well as in human toxicity, among other fields. NPs have recently been recognized as one of the least studied types of marine litter, but potentially one of the most hazardous. Several studies are now being reported on NPs in the environment including surface water and coast, snow, soil and in personal care products. However, the extent of contamination remains largely unknown due to fundamental challenges associated with isolation and analysis, and therefore, a methodological gap exists. This article summarizes the progress in environmental NPs analysis and makes a critical assessment of whether methods from nanoparticles analysis could be adopted to bridge the methodological gap. This review discussed the sample preparation and preconcentration protocol for NPs analysis and also examines the most appropriate approaches available at the moment, ranging from physical to chemical. This study also discusses the difficulties associated with improving existing methods and developing new ones. Although microscopical techniques are one of the most often used ways for imaging and thus quantification, they have the drawback of producing partial findings as they can be easily mixed up as biomolecules. At the moment, the combination of chemical analysis (i.e., spectroscopy) and newly developed alternative methods overcomes this limitation. In general, multiple analytical methods used in combination are likely to be needed to correctly detect and fully quantify NPs in environmental samples.
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17
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Dąbrowska M, Souto EB, Nowak I. Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with Iridoid Glycosides: Development and Optimization Using Experimental Factorial Design. Molecules 2021; 26:3161. [PMID: 34070620 PMCID: PMC8198468 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles based on multiple emulsion (W/O/W) systems are suitable for incorporating hydrophilic active substances, including iridoid glycosides. This study involved optimization of composition of lipid nanoparticles, incorporation of active compounds (aucubin and catalpol), evaluation of stability of the resulting nanocarriers, and characterization of their lipid matrix. Based on 32 factorial design, an optimized dispersion of lipid nanoparticles (solid lipid:surfactant-4.5:1.0 wt.%) was developed, predisposed for the incorporation of iridoid glycosides by emulsification-sonication method. The encapsulation efficiency of the active substances was determined at nearly 90% (aucubin) and 77% (catalpol). Regarding the stability study, room temperature was found to be the most suitable for maintaining the expected physicochemical parameter values (particle size < 100 nm; polydispersity index < 0.3; zeta potential > |± 30 mV|). Characterization of the lipid matrix confirmed the nanometer size range of the resulting carriers (below 100 nm), as well as the presence of the lipid in the stable β' form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dąbrowska
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
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18
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Sousa de Almeida M, Susnik E, Drasler B, Taladriz-Blanco P, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Understanding nanoparticle endocytosis to improve targeting strategies in nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5397-5434. [PMID: 33666625 PMCID: PMC8111542 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as cosmetics, the food industry, material design, and nanomedicine. In particular, the fast-moving field of nanomedicine takes advantage of features of NPs for the detection and treatment of different types of cancer, fibrosis, inflammation, arthritis as well as neurodegenerative and gastrointestinal diseases. To this end, a detailed understanding of the NP uptake mechanisms by cells and intracellular localization is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic applications. In the first part of this review, we describe the several endocytic pathways involved in the internalization of NPs and we discuss the impact of the physicochemical properties of NPs on this process. In addition, the potential challenges of using various inhibitors, endocytic markers and genetic approaches to study endocytosis are addressed along with the principal (semi) quantification methods of NP uptake. The second part focuses on synthetic and bio-inspired substances, which can stimulate or decrease the cellular uptake of NPs. This approach could be interesting in nanomedicine where a high accumulation of drugs in the target cells is desirable and clearance by immune cells is to be avoided. This review contributes to an improved understanding of NP endocytic pathways and reveals potential substances, which can be used in nanomedicine to improve NP delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Sousa de Almeida
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Eva Susnik
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700 FribourgSwitzerland
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19
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Åberg C. Kinetics of nanoparticle uptake into and distribution in human cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2196-2212. [PMID: 36133761 PMCID: PMC9416924 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Whether one wishes to optimise drug delivery using nano-sized carriers or avoid hazard posed by engineered nanomaterials, the kinetics of nanoparticle uptake into human cells and their subsequent intracellular distribution is key. Unique properties of the nanoscale implies that such nanoparticles are taken up and trafficked in a different fashion compared to molecular species. In this review, we discuss in detail how to describe the kinetics of nanoparticle uptake and intracellular distribution, using previous studies for illustration. We also cover the extracellular kinetics, particle degradation, endosomal escape and cell division, ending with an outlook on the future of kinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Åberg
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands
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20
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Keevend K, Krummenacher R, Kungas E, Gerken LRH, Gogos A, Stiefel M, Herrmann IK. Correlative Cathodoluminescence Electron Microscopy: Immunolabeling Using Rare-Earth Element Doped Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004615. [PMID: 33090693 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of living systems and their building blocks relies on the assessment of structure-function relationships at the nanoscale. Although electron microscopy (EM) gives access to ultrastructural imaging with nanometric resolution, the unambiguous localization of specific molecules is challenging. An EM approach capable of localizing biomolecules with respect to the cellular ultrastructure will offer a direct route to the molecular blueprints of biological systems. In an approach departing from conventional correlative imaging, an electron beam may be used as excitation source to generate optical emission with nanometric resolution, that is, cathodoluminescence (CL). Once suitable luminescent labels become available, CL may be harnessed to enable identification of biomolecule labels based on spectral signatures rather than electron density and size. This work presents CL-enabled immunolabeling based on rare-earth element doped nanoparticle-labels allowing specific molecules to be visualized at nanoscale resolution in the context of the cellular ultrastructure. Folic acid decorated nanoparticles exhibiting single particle CL emission are employed to specifically label receptors and identify characteristic receptor clustering on the surface of cancer cells. This demonstration of CL immunotargeting gives access to protein localization in the context of the cellular ultrastructure and paves the way for immunolabeling of multiple proteins in EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerda Keevend
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zürich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Roman Krummenacher
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Egle Kungas
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Lukas R H Gerken
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zürich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Michael Stiefel
- Laboratory for Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Inge K Herrmann
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zürich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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21
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Soliman ES, Mahmoud FF, Fadel MA, Hamad RT. Prophylactic impact of nano-selenium on performance, carcasses quality, and tissues' selenium concentration using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography during microbial challenge in broiler chickens. Vet World 2020; 13:1780-1797. [PMID: 33132589 PMCID: PMC7566255 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1780-1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nano-selenium (NS) supplementation contributes in improving productivity, performance, and meat quality while reducing public health concern. Influence of NS and inorganic selenium (Se) water additive on performance, carcass quality, immunoglobulin concentration, intestinal microbiota, Se tissue concentrations, and tissue architecture was studied. Materials and Methods: Two-hundred and sixty 1-day-old Hubbard chicks were randomly grouped into five groups (5×52) and supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 mL of NS and inorganic Se (100 mg.L−1). G1, G2, G3, and G4 were challenged with Escherichia coli O157: H7 2.6×108 on the 14th day. A total of 2250 samples, including 250 sera, 250 intestinal swabs, and 1500 organ and tissue samples as liver, spleen, heart, bursa, intestine, and breast muscles, and 250 eviscerated carcasses were collected. Results: The results revealed a highly significant increase (p<0.01) in live body weights, weight gains, performance indices, carcasses, and organs weights, whereas immunoglobulin G and M concentrations in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively, synchronized reveal a highly significant decline (p<0.01) in total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae counts of intestinal swabs and breast muscles, final pH24, and drip loss in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively. Meanwhile, water holding capacity revealed no significant differences between all groups. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography examination revealed the earlier disappearance of NS residues than inorganic Se from the broiler’s liver and muscles. Histopathological photomicrographs of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and intestine, as well as, the immunohistochemistry of intestinal sections revealed superior tissue architecture in broilers treated with NS contrary to inorganic Se. Conclusion: The study showed significant stimulation actions of NS on performance, immunity, carcass and meat quality, intestinal and muscles’ bacterial load as well as short withdrawal period and nearly normal cellular architecture compared to inorganic Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam S Soliman
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonosis and Animal Behavior, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Fadwa F Mahmoud
- Food Hygiene and Microbiology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ismailia 41511, Egypt
| | - Mai A Fadel
- Pharmacology and Pyrogen Unit, Chemistry and Food Deficiency Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Rania T Hamad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufya 33511, Egypt
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22
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Mattox TM, Falzone C, Sadrizadeh S, Kuykendall T, Urban JJ. Impact of Source Position and Obstructions on Fume Hood Releases. Ann Work Expo Health 2020; 63:937-949. [PMID: 31550345 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fume hood is the most central piece of safety equipment available to researchers in a laboratory environment. While it is understood that the face velocity and sash height can drastically influence airflow patterns, few specific recommendations can be given to the researcher to guide them to maximize the safety of their particular hood. This stems from the issue that fundamentally little is known regarding how obstructions within the hood can push potentially harmful particles or chemicals out of the fume hood and into the breathing zone. In this work, we demonstrate how the position of a typical nanoparticle synthesis setup, including a Schlenk line and stir plate on an adjustable stand, influences airflow in a constant velocity fume hood. Using a combination of smoke evolution experiments and the aid of computational fluid dynamics simulations, we show how the location and height of the reaction components impact airflow. This work offers a highly visual display intended especially for new or inexperienced fume hood users. Based upon our studies and simulations, we provide detailed guidance to researchers and lab technicians on how to optimally modify reaction placement in order to protect the breathing zone while working.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Mattox
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Carleton Falzone
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sasan Sadrizadeh
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Fluid and Climate Technology, Brinellvägen, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for the Built Environment, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tevye Kuykendall
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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23
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Graham UM, Dozier AK, Oberdörster G, Yokel RA, Molina R, Brain JD, Pinto JM, Weuve J, Bennett DA. Tissue Specific Fate of Nanomaterials by Advanced Analytical Imaging Techniques - A Review. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1145-1162. [PMID: 32349469 PMCID: PMC7774012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A variety of imaging and analytical methods have been developed to study nanoparticles in cells. Each has its benefits, limitations, and varying degrees of expense and difficulties in implementation. High-resolution analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM) has the unique ability to image local cellular environments adjacent to a nanoparticle at near atomic resolution and apply analytical tools to these environments such as energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. These tools can be used to analyze particle location, translocation and potential reformation, ion dispersion, and in vivo synthesis of second-generation nanoparticles. Such analyses can provide in depth understanding of tissue-particle interactions and effects that are caused by the environmental "invader" nanoparticles. Analytical imaging can also distinguish phases that form due to the transformation of "invader" nanoparticles in contrast to those that are triggered by a response mechanism, including the commonly observed iron biomineralization in the form of ferritin nanoparticles. The analyses can distinguish ion species, crystal phases, and valence of parent nanoparticles and reformed or in vivo synthesized phases throughout the tissue. This article will briefly review the plethora of methods that have been developed over the last 20 years with an emphasis on the state-of-the-art techniques used to image and analyze nanoparticles in cells and highlight the sample preparation necessary for biological thin section observation in a HRSTEM. Specific applications that provide visual and chemical mapping of the local cellular environments surrounding parent nanoparticles and second-generation phases are demonstrated, which will help to identify novel nanoparticle-produced adverse effects and their associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uschi M Graham
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45213, United States
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Alan K Dozier
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 5555 Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45213, United States
| | - Günter Oberdörster
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Robert A Yokel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Ramon Molina
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Joseph D Brain
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jayant M Pinto
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, 715 Albany Street, The Talbot Building, T3E & T4E, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W. Harrison Street, Suite 1118, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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24
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Ochs M, Hegermann J, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Timm S, Nouailles G, Matuszak J, Simmons S, Witzenrath M, Kuebler WM. On Top of the Alveolar Epithelium: Surfactant and the Glycocalyx. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093075. [PMID: 32349261 PMCID: PMC7246550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gas exchange in the lung takes place via the air-blood barrier in the septal walls of alveoli. The tissue elements that oxygen molecules have to cross are the alveolar epithelium, the interstitium and the capillary endothelium. The epithelium that lines the alveolar surface is covered by a thin and continuous liquid lining layer. Pulmonary surfactant acts at this air-liquid interface. By virtue of its biophysical and immunomodulatory functions, surfactant keeps alveoli open, dry and clean. What needs to be added to this picture is the glycocalyx of the alveolar epithelium. Here, we briefly review what is known about this glycocalyx and how it can be visualized using electron microscopy. The application of colloidal thorium dioxide as a staining agent reveals differences in the staining pattern between type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells and shows close associations of the glycocalyx with intraalveolar surfactant subtypes such as tubular myelin. These morphological findings indicate that specific spatial interactions between components of the surfactant system and those of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx exist which may contribute to the maintenance of alveolar homeostasis, in particular to alveolar micromechanics, to the functional integrity of the air-blood barrier, to the regulation of the thickness and viscosity of the alveolar lining layer, and to the defence against inhaled pathogens. Exploring the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx in conjunction with the surfactant system opens novel physiological perspectives of potential clinical relevance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (W.M.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy and Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sara Timm
- Core Facility Electron Microscopy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Geraldine Nouailles
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Inflammation, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Jasmin Matuszak
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (W.M.K.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Inflammation, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang M. Kuebler
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (W.M.K.)
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.M.); (S.S.)
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25
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Kepsutlu B, Wycisk V, Achazi K, Kapishnikov S, Pérez-Berná AJ, Guttmann P, Cossmer A, Pereiro E, Ewers H, Ballauff M, Schneider G, McNally JG. Cells Undergo Major Changes in the Quantity of Cytoplasmic Organelles after Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles with Biologically Relevant Surface Coatings. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2248-2264. [PMID: 31951375 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Here, we use cryo soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT), which delivers 3D ultrastructural volumes of intact cells without chemical fixation or staining, to gain insight about nanoparticle uptake for nanomedicine. We initially used dendritic polyglycerol sulfate (dPGS) with potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications in inflammation. Although dPGS-coated gold nanoparticle (dPGS-AuNP) uptake followed a conventional endocytic/degradative pathway in human lung epithelial cell lines (A549), with cryo-SXT, we detected ∼5% of dPGS-AuNPs in the cytoplasm, a level undetectable by confocal light microscopy. We also observed ∼5% of dPGS-AuNPs in a rarely identified subcellular site, namely, lipid droplets, which are important for cellular energy metabolism. Finally, we also found substantial changes in the quantity of cytoplasmic organelles upon dPGS-AuNP uptake over the 1-6 h incubation period; the number of small vesicles and mitochondria significantly increased, and the number of multivesicular bodies and the number and volume of lipid droplets significantly decreased. Although nearly all organelle numbers at 6 h were still significantly different from controls, most appeared to be returning to normal levels. To test for generality, we also examined cells after uptake of gold nanoparticles coated with a different agent, polyethylenimine (PEI), used for nucleic acid delivery. PEI nanoparticles did not enter lipid droplets, but they induced similar, albeit less pronounced, changes in the quantity of cytoplasmic organelles. We confirmed these changes in organelle quantities for both nanoparticle coatings by confocal fluorescence microscopy. We suggest this cytoplasmic remodeling could reflect a more common cellular response to coated gold nanoparticle uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Kepsutlu
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Virginia Wycisk
- Organische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Organische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Sergey Kapishnikov
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ana Joaquina Pérez-Berná
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source , MISTRAL Beamline Experiments Division , Cerdanyola del Vallès , 08290 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Peter Guttmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Antje Cossmer
- Division 1.1 - Inorganic Trace Analysis , Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) , Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source , MISTRAL Beamline Experiments Division , Cerdanyola del Vallès , 08290 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Helge Ewers
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemisty, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy , Freie Universität Berlin , Thielallee 63 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Matthias Ballauff
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
- Institute of Physics , Humboldt Universität zu Berlin , Newtonstraße 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Gerd Schneider
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
- Institute of Physics , Humboldt Universität zu Berlin , Newtonstraße 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - James G McNally
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
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26
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Do M, Stinson K, George R. Reflectance structured illumination imaging of internalized cerium oxide nanoparticles modulating dose-dependent reactive oxygen species in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 22:100745. [PMID: 32099911 PMCID: PMC7031132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles have been shown to sensitize cancer cells to radiation damage. Their unique redox properties confer excellent therapeutic potential by augmenting radiation dose with reactive oxygen species mediating bystander effects. Owing to its metallic properties, cerium oxide nanoparticles can be visualized inside cells using reflected light and optical sectioning. This can be advantageous in settings requiring none or minimal sample preparation and modification. We investigated the use of reflectance imaging for the detection of unmodified nanoceria in MDA MB231 breast cancer cells along with differential interference contrast imaging and fluorescent nuclear labeling. We also performed studies to evaluate the uptake capability, cellular toxicity and redox properties of nanocaria in these cells. Our results demonstrate that reflectance structured illumination imaging can effectively localize cerium oxide nanoparticles in breast cancer cells, and when combining with differential interference contrast and fluorescent cell label imaging, effective compartmental localization of the nanoparticles can be achieved. The total number of cells taking up the nanoparticles and the amount of nanoparticle uptake increased significantly in proportion to the dose, with no adverse effects on cell survival. Moreover, significant reduction in reactive oxygen species was also observed in proportion to increasing nanoceria concentrations attesting to its ability to modulate oxidative stress. In conclusion, this work serves as a pre-clinical scientific evaluation of the effective use of reflectance structured illumination imaging of cerium oxide nanoparticles in breast cancer cells and the safe use of these nanoparticles in MDA MB231 cells for further therapeutic applications. Internalized cerium oxide nanoparticles are imaged with reflected light in breast cancer cells for the first time. Cerium oxide nanoparticles demonstrated no toxicity in MDA MB231 breast cancer cells Cerium oxide nanoparticles modulated free radicals in MBA MB231 cells in a dose dependent manner
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Do
- Department of Clinical & Diagnostic Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kayla Stinson
- Department of Clinical & Diagnostic Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Remo George
- Department of Clinical & Diagnostic Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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27
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Mühlfeld C, Rajces A, Manninger M, Alogna A, Wierich MC, Scherr D, Post H, Schipke J. A transmural gradient of myocardial remodeling in early-stage heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the pig. J Anat 2019; 236:531-539. [PMID: 31749243 PMCID: PMC7018631 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by diastolic dysfunction. This study aimed to analyze whether early HFpEF is already associated with ultrastructural alterations and whether they differ quantitatively among the layers of the left ventricular wall. HFpEF was induced in pigs by deoxy-corticosterone acetate (DOCA) treatment along with a high-salt/high lipid diet over 3 months and compared with weight-matched normal pigs (n = 5 each). Samples of the left ventricle were taken and processed for light and electron microscopy. Interstitial fibrosis, subcellular composition of cardiomyocytes and mean cardiomyocyte diameter were evaluated by stereology in subendocardial, midmyocardial and subepicardial regions. DOCA enhanced the mean cardiomyocyte diameter in all locations of the ventricle wall to the same degree. The subcellular composition did not differ between the locations and was not altered by DOCA. The volume fraction of interstitium was smaller in the subendocardium of DOCA group than of control group. Within the interstitium, the volume fraction of collagen fibrils (between cardiomyocytes) was increased in the subendocardial and midmyocardial wall layers of the DOCA group but not in the subepicardial layer. Although the capillary length density and average supply area were not altered in response to DOCA in any of the wall layers, the volume fraction of blood vessels related to the interstitial space was enhanced in the subendocardium of the DOCA group but not in the other wall layers. In conclusion, cardiomyocyte changes due to DOCA were similar in subepicardial, midmyocardial and subendocardial regions but DOCA-induced changes in the interstitium appeared to be more pronounced in the subendocardial ventricular wall layers. This suggests a pivotal role of the subendocardial interstitium in the pathogenesis of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rajces
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Manninger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alessio Alogna
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Scherr
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Heiner Post
- Department of Cardiology, Contilia Heart and Vessel Centre, St. Marien-Hospital Mülheim, Mülheim, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
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28
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Santiwarangkool S, Akita H, Khalil IA, Abd Elwakil MM, Sato Y, Kusumoto K, Harashima H. A study of the endocytosis mechanism and transendothelial activity of lung-targeted GALA-modified liposomes. J Control Release 2019; 307:55-63. [PMID: 31185231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The GALA peptide (WEAALAEALAEALAEHLAEALAEALEALAA) was originally designed to induce the destabilization of endosomal membranes based on its ability to undergo a pH-dependent conformational change from a random coil to an α-helix. We recently found that liposomes modified with GALA peptide (GALA-LPs) extensively accumulate in lung endothelial cells (ECs) after intravenous injection. However, the uptake mechanism of GALA-LPs and their ability to reach alveolar epithelium was unclear. We report herein that GALA-LPs are internalized into ECs via a clathrin-mediated pathway. Surprisingly, GALA-LPs had the ability to pass lung ECs and reach other cells through transcytosis. GALA-LPs were taken up by >70% of lung ECs, while they also accumulated in ~30% of type I alveolar epithelium (ATI). GALA-modified gold nanoparticles were detected in ECs, in the basement membrane and in other cells such as ATI, type II alveolar epithelium (ATII) and alveolar macrophages. Consistent with this result, a significant gene knockdown was achieved in lung epithelium cells using GALA-LPs encapsulating anti-podoplanin siRNA. This indicates that GALA-LPs can be used as a carrier for delivering macromolecules to parenchymal as well as to endothelial cells in the lung. Although caveolae are commonly linked to the transendothelial transport of proteins and antibodies, our data indicate that clathrin-mediated endocytosis might also participate in the transcytosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarochin Santiwarangkool
- Laboratory for Molecular Design of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Akita
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ikramy A Khalil
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Abd Elwakil
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Laboratory for Molecular Design of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kenji Kusumoto
- Formulation Research Lab., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 224-2, Ebisuno, Hiraishi, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0194, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Laboratory for Molecular Design of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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29
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Klisuric A, Thierry B, Delon L, Prestidge CA, Gibson RJ. Identifying human and murine M cells in vitro. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:554-564. [PMID: 30907132 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219838674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The study of M cells, a specialized epithelial cell type found in the follicle-associated epithelium, is hampered by the lack of a universal M cell marker. As such, many studies lack reliable and universally recognized methods to identify M cells in their proposed models. As a result of this it is difficult to ascertain whether the effects observed are due to the presence of M cells or an unaccounted variable. The outcome of this review is the thorough evaluation of the many M cell markers that have been used in the literature thus far and a proposed criterion for the identification of M cells for future publications. This will hopefully lead to an improvement in the quality of future publications in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Klisuric
- 1 Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia.,2 ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, Australia.,3 School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- 2 ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, Australia.,4 Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Ludivine Delon
- 1 Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia.,2 ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, Australia.,4 Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- 1 Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia.,2 ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Rachel J Gibson
- 1 Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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30
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Nanoparticle Behaviour in Complex Media: Methods for Characterizing Physicochemical Properties, Evaluating Protein Corona Formation, and Implications for Biological Studies. BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO NANOSCALE PARTICLES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12461-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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31
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Arms L, Smith DW, Flynn J, Palmer W, Martin A, Woldu A, Hua S. Advantages and Limitations of Current Techniques for Analyzing the Biodistribution of Nanoparticles. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:802. [PMID: 30154715 PMCID: PMC6102329 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines are typically submicrometer-sized carrier materials (nanoparticles) encapsulating therapeutic and/or imaging compounds that are used for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. They are increasingly being used to overcome biological barriers in the body to improve the way we deliver compounds to specific tissues and organs. Nanomedicine technology aims to improve the balance between the efficacy and the toxicity of therapeutic compounds. Nanoparticles, one of the key technologies of nanomedicine, can exhibit a combination of physical, chemical and biological characteristics that determine their in vivo behavior. A key component in the translational assessment of nanomedicines is determining the biodistribution of the nanoparticles following in vivo administration in animals and humans. There are a range of techniques available for evaluating nanoparticle biodistribution, including histology, electron microscopy, liquid scintillation counting (LSC), indirectly measuring drug concentrations, in vivo optical imaging, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine imaging. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations, as well as capabilities for assessing real-time, whole-organ and cellular accumulation. This review will address the principles and methodology of each technique and their advantages and limitations for evaluating in vivo biodistribution of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Arms
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Doug W. Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jamie Flynn
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - William Palmer
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Antony Martin
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ameha Woldu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Hua
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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32
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Lee JH, Suh H, Lee SG, Kim JG, Yoo SJ. Advanced method for the accurate measurement of tilt angle in a transmission electron microscopy goniometer. J Anal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-018-0140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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33
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Opitz L, Kling KM, Brandenberger C, Mühlfeld C. Lipid-body containing interstitial cells (lipofibroblasts) in the lungs of various mouse strains. J Anat 2017; 231:970-977. [PMID: 28786110 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar septa are thought to contain at least two types of fibroblasts that are termed myofibroblasts and lipofibroblasts based on their morphological characteristics. Lipofibroblasts possess cytoplasmic lipid inclusions (lipid bodies or droplets) and are involved in several important functions, such as surfactant synthesis, development, vitamin A storage and presumably regeneration. As vitamin A was shown to reduce pulmonary emphysema in several but not all mouse and rat strains, we hypothesized that these strain differences might be explained by a differential occurrence of lipofibroblasts and their lipid bodies in various mouse strains. Therefore, mouse lungs of six strains (NMRI, BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/6N and FVB/N) were investigated by light and electron microscopic stereology to quantify the amount of lipid bodies and the composition of alveolar septa. Lipofibroblasts were observed qualitatively by transmission electron microscopy in every investigated mouse strain. The total volume and the volume-weighted mean volume of lipid bodies were similar in all mouse strains. The results on the composition of the interalveolar septa did not show major differences between the groups. The only mouse strain that differed significantly from the other strains was the NMRI strain because the lungs had a higher volume and consequently many of the morphological parameters were also larger than in the other groups. In conclusion, the present study showed that lipofibroblasts are a common cell type in the mouse lung across various strains. Therefore, the mere presence or absence of lipofibroblasts does not explain differences in the pulmonary regenerative potential among mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Opitz
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Maria Kling
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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34
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Irimie AI, Sonea L, Jurj A, Mehterov N, Zimta AA, Budisan L, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Future trends and emerging issues for nanodelivery systems in oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:4593-4606. [PMID: 28721037 PMCID: PMC5500515 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s133219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a prevalent cancer type on a global scale, whose traditional treatment strategies have several drawbacks that could in the near future be overcome through the development of novel therapeutic and prognostic strategies. Nanotechnology provides an alternative to traditional therapy that leads to enhanced efficiency and less toxicity. Various nanosystems have been developed for the treatment of oral cancer, including polymeric, metallic, and lipid-based formulations that incorporate chemotherapeutics, natural compounds, siRNA, or other molecules. This review summarizes the main benefits of using these nanosystems, in parallel with a particular focus on the issues encountered in medical practice. These novel strategies have provided encouraging results in both in vitro and in vivo studies, but few have entered clinical trials. The use of nanosystems in oral cancer has the potential of becoming a valid therapeutic option for patients suffering from this malignancy, considering that clinical trials have already been completed and others are currently being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Sonea
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv.,Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alina Andreea Zimta
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine.,Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liviuta Budisan
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine.,Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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35
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Keevend K, Stiefel M, Neuer AL, Matter MT, Neels A, Bertazzo S, Herrmann IK. Tb 3+-doped LaF 3 nanocrystals for correlative cathodoluminescence electron microscopy imaging with nanometric resolution in focused ion beam-sectioned biological samples. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4383-4387. [PMID: 28116399 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09187c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the use of rare earth element-doped nanocrystals as probes for correlative cathodoluminescence electron microscopy (CCLEM) bioimaging. This first experimental demonstration shows potential for the simultaneous acquisition of luminescence and electron microscopy images with nanometric resolution in focused ion beam cut biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Keevend
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - M Stiefel
- Reliability Science and Technology, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Uberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
| | - A L Neuer
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - M T Matter
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - A Neels
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Uberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
| | - S Bertazzo
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London (UCL), Malet Place Engineering Building, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - I K Herrmann
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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36
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Park J, Ha MK, Yang N, Yoon TH. Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification of Cellular Au Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2449-2456. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonghoon Park
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - My Kieu Ha
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Yang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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37
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Deville S, Hadiwikarta WW, Smisdom N, Wathiong B, Ameloot M, Nelissen I, Hooyberghs J. Transient loading of CD34 + hematopoietic progenitor cells with polystyrene nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:459-472. [PMID: 28138242 PMCID: PMC5238761 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s119407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) offer great opportunities to develop new treatments for numerous malignant and non-malignant diseases. Nanoparticle (NP)-based strategies can further enhance this potential, and therefore a thorough understanding of the loading behavior of HPCs towards NPs is essential for a successful application. The present study focusses on the interaction kinetics of 40 nm sized carboxylated polystyrene (PS) NPs with HPCs. Interestingly, a transient association of the NPs with HPCs is observed, reaching a maximum within 1 hour and declining afterwards. This behavior is not seen in dendritic cells (CD34-DCs) differentiated from HPCs, which display a monotonic increase in NP load. We demonstrate that this transient interaction requires an energy-dependent cellular process, suggesting active loading and release of NPs by HPCs. This novel observation offers a unique approach to transiently equip HPCs. A simple theoretical approach modeling the kinetics of NP loading and release is presented, contributing to a framework of describing this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Deville
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Nick Smisdom
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bart Wathiong
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Theoretical Physics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Inge Nelissen
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jef Hooyberghs
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Theoretical Physics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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38
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Malatesta M. Transmission electron microscopy for nanomedicine: novel applications for long-established techniques. Eur J Histochem 2016; 60:2751. [PMID: 28076938 PMCID: PMC5178805 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2016.2751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last twenty years, the research in nanoscience and nanotechnology has dramatically increased and, in the last decade, the interest has progressively been oriented towards biomedical applications, giving rise to a new field termed nanomedicine. Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable technique not only for the thorough physico-chemical characterization of newly synthesized nanoparticulates, but especially to explore the effects of nanocomposites on biological systems, providing essential information for the development of efficient therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Thus, for the progress of nanotechnology in the biomedical field, experts in cell biology, histochemistry and ultramicroscopy should always support the chemists, physicists and pharmacologists engaged in the synthesis and characterization of innovative nanoconstructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona.
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39
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Di Y, Aminot Y, Schroeder DC, Readman JW, Jha AN. Integrated biological responses and tissue-specific expression of p53 and ras genes in marine mussels following exposure to benzo(α)pyrene and C60 fullerenes, either alone or in combination. Mutagenesis 2016; 32:77-90. [PMID: 28011749 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We used the marine bivalve (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to assess a range of biological or biomarker responses following exposure to a model-engineered nanoparticle, C60 fullerene, either alone or in combination with a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, benzo(α)pyrene [B(α)P]. An integrated biomarker approach was used that included: (i) determination of 'clearance rates' (a physiological indicator at individual level), (ii) histopathological alterations (at tissue level), (iii) DNA strand breaks using the comet assay (at cellular level) and (iv) transcriptional alterations of p53 (anti-oncogene) and ras (oncogene) determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (at the molecular/genetic level). In addition, total glutathione in the digestive gland was measured as a proxy for oxidative stress. Here, we report that mussels showed no significant changes in 'clearance rates' after 1 day exposure, however significant increases in 'clearance rates' were found following exposure for 3 days. Histopathology on selected organs (i.e. gills, digestive glands, adductor muscles and mantles) showed increased occurrence of abnormalities in all tissues types, although not all the exposed organisms showed these abnormalities. Significantly, increased levels of DNA strand breaks were found after exposure for 3-days in most individuals tested. In addition, a significant induction for p53 and ras expression was observed in a tissue and chemical-specific pattern, although large amounts of inter-individual variability, compared with other biomarkers, were clearly apparent. Overall, biological responses at different levels showed variable sensitivity, with DNA strand breaks and gene expression alterations exhibiting higher sensitivities. Furthermore, the observed genotoxic responses were reversible after a recovery period, suggesting the ability of mussels to cope with the toxicants C60 and/or B(α)P under our experimental conditions. Overall, in this comprehensive study, we have demonstrated mussels as a suitable model marine invertebrate species to study the potential detrimental effects induced by possible genotoxicants and toxicants, either alone or in combinations at different levels of biological organisation (i.e. molecular to individual levels).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Di
- School of Biological Sciences and.,Present address: Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Yann Aminot
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Declan C Schroeder
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (MBA), Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK and
| | - James W Readman
- School of Biological Sciences and.,School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.,Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK
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40
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Guggenheim EJ, Khan A, Pike J, Chang L, Lynch I, Rappoport JZ. Comparison of Confocal and Super-Resolution Reflectance Imaging of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159980. [PMID: 27695038 PMCID: PMC5047631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for human exposure to manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) has increased in recent years, in part through the incorporation of engineered particles into a wide range of commercial goods and medical applications. NP are ideal candidates for use as therapeutic and diagnostic tools within biomedicine, however concern exists regarding their efficacy and safety. Thus, developing techniques for the investigation of NP uptake into cells is critically important. Current intracellular NP investigations rely on the use of either Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which provides ultrahigh resolution, but involves cumbersome sample preparation rendering the technique incompatible with live cell imaging, or fluorescent labelling, which suffers from photobleaching, poor bioconjugation and, often, alteration of NP surface properties. Reflected light imaging provides an alternative non-destructive label free technique well suited, but not limited to, the visualisation of NP uptake within model systems, such as cells. Confocal reflectance microscopy provides optical sectioning and live imaging capabilities, with little sample preparation. However confocal microscopy is diffraction limited, thus the X-Y resolution is restricted to ~250 nm, substantially larger than the <100 nm size of NPs. Techniques such as super-resolution light microscopy overcome this fundamental limitation, providing increased X-Y resolution. The use of Reflectance SIM (R-SIM) for NP imaging has previously only been demonstrated on custom built microscopes, restricting the widespread use and limiting NP investigations. This paper demonstrates the use of a commercial SIM microscope for the acquisition of super-resolution reflectance data with X-Y resolution of 115 nm, a greater than two-fold increase compared to that attainable with RCM. This increase in resolution is advantageous for visualising small closely spaced structures, such as NP clusters, previously unresolvable by RCM. This is advantageous when investigating the subcellular trafficking of NP within fluorescently labelled cellular compartments. NP signal can be observed using RCM, R-SIM and TEM and a direct comparison is presented. Each of these techniques has its own benefits and limitations; RCM and R-SIM provide novel complementary information while the combination of modalities provides a unique opportunity to gain additional information regarding NP uptake. The use of multiple imaging methods therefore greatly enhances the range of NPs that can be studied under label-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Guggenheim
- Physical Science of Imaging in the Biomedical Sciences (PSIBS) Doctoral Training Centre (DTC), Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abdullah Khan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Pike
- Physical Science of Imaging in the Biomedical Sciences (PSIBS) Doctoral Training Centre (DTC), Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne Chang
- Nikon Instruments, Inc. Melville, New York, United States of America
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua Z. Rappoport
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, and Nikon Imaging Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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41
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Ochs M, Knudsen L, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Grothausmann R, Mühlfeld C. Using electron microscopes to look into the lung. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:695-707. [PMID: 27688057 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the nineteenth century, there was a dispute about the existence of a lung alveolar epithelium which remained unsolved until the invention of electron microscopy (EM) and its application to the lung. From the early 1960s, Ewald Weibel became the master of lung EM. He showed that the alveolar epithelium is covered with a lining layer containing surfactant. Weibel also explained the phenomenon of "non-nucleated plates" observed already in 1881 by Albert Kölliker. Weibel's most significant contribution was to the development of stereological methods. Therefore, quantitative characterization of lung structure revealing structure-function relationships became possible. Today, the spectrum of EM methods to study the fine structure of the lung has been extended significantly. Cryo-preparation techniques are available which are necessary for immunogold labeling of molecules. Energy-filtering techniques can be used for the detection of elements. There have also been major improvements in stereology, thus providing a very versatile toolbox for quantitative lung phenotype analyses. A new dimension was added by 3D EM techniques. Depending on the desired sample size and resolution, the spectrum ranges from array tomography via serial block face scanning EM and focused ion beam scanning EM to electron tomography. These 3D datasets provide new insights into lung ultrastructure. Biomedical EM is an ever-developing field. Its high resolution remains unparalleled. Moreover, EM has the unique advantage of providing an "open view" into cells and tissues within their full architectural context. Therefore, EM will remain an indispensable tool for a better understanding of the lung's functional design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
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42
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Effect of irradiation/bone marrow transplantation on alveolar epithelial type II cells is aggravated in surfactant protein D deficient mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 147:49-61. [PMID: 27565967 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation followed by bone marrow transplantation (BM-Tx) is a frequent therapeutic intervention causing pathology to the lung. Although alveolar epithelial type II (AE2) cells are essential for lung function and are damaged by irradiation, the long-term consequences of irradiation and BM-Tx are not well characterized. In addition, it is unknown whether surfactant protein D (SP-D) influences the response of AE2 cells to the injurious events. Therefore, wildtype (WT) and SP-D-/- mice were subjected to a myeloablative whole body irradiation dose of 8 Gy and subsequent BM-Tx and compared with age- and sex-matched untreated controls. AE2 cell changes were investigated quantitatively by design-based stereology. Compared with WT, untreated SP-D-/- mice showed a higher number of larger sized AE2 cells and a greater amount of surfactant-storing lamellar bodies. Irradiation and BM-Tx induced hyperplasia and hypertrophy in WT and SP-D-/- mice as well as the formation of giant lamellar bodies. The experimentally induced alterations were more severe in the SP-D-/- than in the WT mice, particularly with respect to the surfactant-storing lamellar bodies which were sometimes extremely enlarged in SP-D-/- mice. In conclusion, irradiation and BM-Tx have profound long-term effects on AE2 cells and their lamellar bodies. These data may explain some of the clinical pulmonary consequences of this procedure. The data should also be taken into account when BM-Tx is used as an experimental procedure to investigate the impact of bone marrow-derived cells for the phenotype of a specific genotype in the mouse.
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43
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Dietzel S, Hermann S, Kugel Y, Sellner S, Uhl B, Hirn S, Krombach F, Rehberg M. Multiphoton Microscopy of Nonfluorescent Nanoparticles In Vitro and In Vivo. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3245-57. [PMID: 27120195 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds great promise for a plethora of potential applications. The interaction of engineered nanomaterials with living cells, tissues, and organisms is, however, only partly understood. Microscopic investigations of nano-bio interactions are mostly performed with a few model nanoparticles (NPs) which are easy to visualize, such as fluorescent quantum dots. Here the possibility to visualize nonfluorescent NPs with multiphoton excitation is investigated. Signals from silver (Ag), titanium dioxide (TiO2 ), and silica (SiO2 ) NPs in nonbiological environments are characterized to determine signal dependency on excitation wavelength and intensity as well as their signal stability over time. Ag NPs generate plasmon-induced luminescence decaying over time. TiO2 NPs induce photoluminescent signals of variable intensities and in addition strong third harmonic generation (THG). Optimal settings for microscopic detection are determined and then applied for visualization of these two particle types in living cells, in murine muscle tissue, and in the murine blood stream. Silica NPs produce a THG signal, but in living cells it cannot be discriminated sufficiently from endogenous cellular structures. It is concluded that multiphoton excitation is a viable option for studies of nano-bio interactions not only for fluorescent but also for some types of nonfluorescent NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Dietzel
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hermann
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Yan Kugel
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Sabine Sellner
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Bernd Uhl
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Fritz Krombach
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Markus Rehberg
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
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44
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Zou Y, Jin C, Su Y, Li J, Zhu B. Water soluble and insoluble components of urban PM2.5 and their cytotoxic effects on epithelial cells (A549) in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:627-635. [PMID: 27039898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
When PM2.5 enters human bodies, the water soluble (WS-PM2.5) and insoluble components (WIS-PM2.5) of PM2.5 would interact with cells and cause adverse effects. However, the knowledge about the individual toxicity contribution of these two components is limited. In this study, the physiochemical properties of PM2.5 were well characterized. The toxic effects of WS-PM2.5 and WIS-PM2.5, which include the cell viability, cell membrane damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and morphological changes, were examined with human lung epithelial A549 cells in vitro. The results indicated that WS-PM2.5 could induce the early response of ROS generation, multiplied mitochondria and multi-lamellar bodies in A549 cells, which might cause cell damage through oxidative stress. Meanwhile, WIS-PM2.5 was predominantly associated with the cell membrane disruption, which might lead to the cell damage through cell-particle interactions. Moreover, the synergistic cytotoxic effects of WS-PM2.5 and WIS-PM2.5 were observed at longer exposure time. These findings demonstrate the different cytotoxicity mechanisms of WS-PM2.5 and WIS-PM2.5, which suggest that not only the size and dosage of PM2.5 but also the solubility of PM2.5 should be taken into consideration when evaluating the toxicity of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Zou
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chengyu Jin
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yue Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiaru Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bangshang Zhu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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45
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Bougioukas I, Didilis V, Emigholz J, Waldmann-Beushausen R, Stojanovic T, Mühlfeld C, Schoendube FA, Danner BC. The effect of amifostine on lung ischaemia–reperfusion injury in rats. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016; 23:273-9. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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46
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van der Zwaag D, Vanparijs N, Wijnands S, De Rycke R, De Geest BG, Albertazzi L. Super Resolution Imaging of Nanoparticles Cellular Uptake and Trafficking. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6391-9. [PMID: 26905516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction between synthetic nanostructures and living cells is of crucial importance for the development of nanotechnology-based intracellular delivery systems. Fluorescence microscopy is one of the most widespread tools owing to its ability to image multiple colors in native conditions. However, due to the limited resolution, it is unsuitable to address individual diffraction-limited objects. Here we introduce a combination of super-resolution microscopy and single-molecule data analysis to unveil the behavior of nanoparticles during their entry into mammalian cells. Two-color Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) addresses the size and positioning of nanoparticles inside cells and probes their interaction with the cellular machineries at nanoscale resolution. Moreover, we develop image analysis tools to extract quantitative information about internalized particles from STORM images. To demonstrate the potential of our methodology, we extract previously inaccessible information by the direct visualization of the nanoparticle uptake mechanism and the intracellular tracking of nanoparticulate model antigens by dendritic cells. Finally, a direct comparison between STORM, confocal microscopy, and electron microscopy is presented, showing that STORM can provide novel and complementary information on nanoparticle cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nane Vanparijs
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Riet De Rycke
- Inflammation Research Centre, VIB, Ghent, Belgium and Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University , 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Kuebler WM, Wittenberg C, Lee WL, Reppien E, Goldenberg NM, Lindner K, Gao Y, Winoto-Morbach S, Drab M, Mühlfeld C, Dombrowsky H, Ochs M, Schütze S, Uhlig S. Thrombin stimulates albumin transcytosis in lung microvascular endothelial cells via activation of acid sphingomyelinase. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L720-32. [PMID: 26851257 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00157.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcellular albumin transport occurs via caveolae that are abundant in lung microvascular endothelial cells. Stimulation of albumin transcytosis by proinflammatory mediators may contribute to alveolar protein leak in lung injury, yet the regulation of albumin transport and its underlying molecular mechanisms are so far incompletely understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that thrombin may stimulate transcellular albumin transport across lung microvascular endothelial cells in an acid-sphingomyelinase dependent manner. Thrombin increased the transport of fluorescently labeled albumin across confluent human lung microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC-L) monolayers to an extent that markedly exceeds the rate of passive diffusion. Thrombin activated acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and increased ceramide production in HMVEC-L, but not in bovine pulmonary artery cells, which showed little albumin transport in response to thrombin. Thrombin increased total caveolin-1 (cav-1) content in both whole cell lysates and lipid rafts from HMVEC-L, and this effect was blocked by inhibition of ASM or de novo protein biosynthesis. Thrombin-induced uptake of albumin into lung microvascular endothelial cells was confirmed in isolated-perfused lungs by real-time fluorescence imaging and electron microscopy of gold-labeled albumin. Inhibition of ASM attenuated thrombin-induced albumin transport both in confluent HMVEC-L and in intact lungs, whereas HMVEC-L treatment with exogenous ASM increased albumin transport and enriched lipid rafts in cav-1. Our findings indicate that thrombin stimulates transcellular albumin transport in an acid sphingomyelinase-dependent manner by inducing de novo synthesis of cav-1 and its recruitment to membrane lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany; The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia Wittenberg
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Warren L Lee
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eike Reppien
- Division of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Neil M Goldenberg
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karsten Lindner
- Division of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Yizhuo Gao
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Marek Drab
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DLZ), Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Heike Dombrowsky
- Division of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DLZ), Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Stefan Schütze
- Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Uhlig
- Division of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Laborda F, Bolea E, Cepriá G, Gómez MT, Jiménez MS, Pérez-Arantegui J, Castillo JR. Detection, characterization and quantification of inorganic engineered nanomaterials: A review of techniques and methodological approaches for the analysis of complex samples. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 904:10-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Brandenberger C, Ochs M, Mühlfeld C. Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox. Part Fibre Toxicol 2015; 12:35. [PMID: 26521139 PMCID: PMC4628359 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain "quantitative" information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner's judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator's eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
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50
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Willführ A, Brandenberger C, Piatkowski T, Grothausmann R, Nyengaard JR, Ochs M, Mühlfeld C. Estimation of the number of alveolar capillaries by the Euler number (Euler-Poincaré characteristic). Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1286-93. [PMID: 26432874 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00410.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung parenchyma provides a maximal surface area of blood-containing capillaries that are in close contact with a large surface area of the air-containing alveoli. Volume and surface area of capillaries are the classic stereological parameters to characterize the alveolar capillary network (ACN) and have provided essential structure-function information of the lung. When loss (rarefaction) or gain (angiogenesis) of capillaries occurs, these parameters may not be sufficient to provide mechanistic insight. Therefore, it would be desirable to estimate the number of capillaries, as it contains more distinct and mechanistically oriented information. Here, we present a new stereological method to estimate the number of capillary loops in the ACN. One advantage of this method is that it is independent of the shape, size, or distribution of the capillaries. We used consecutive, 1 μm-thick sections from epoxy resin-embedded material as a physical disector. The Euler-Poincaré characteristic of capillary networks can be estimated by counting the easily recognizable topological constellations of "islands," "bridges," and "holes." The total number of capillary loops in the ACN can then be calculated from the Euler-Poincaré characteristic. With the use of the established estimator of alveolar number, it is possible to obtain the mean number of capillary loops per alveolus. In conclusion, estimation of alveolar capillaries by design-based stereology is an efficient and unbiased method to characterize the ACN and may be particularly useful for studies on emphysema, pulmonary hypertension, or lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Willführ
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Piatkowski
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Randel Nyengaard
- Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover, Germany
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