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Ahmed U, Gew LT, Siddiqui R, Khan NA, Alharbi AM, Alhazmi A, Anwar A. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Exhibit Anti-Acanthamoeba castellanii Properties by Inducing Necrotic Cell Death. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:1717-1723. [PMID: 39153011 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The treatment of amoebic infections is often problematic, largely due to delayed diagnosis, amoebae transformation into resistant cyst form, and lack of availability of effective chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, we determined anti-Acanthamoeba castellanii properties of three metal oxide nanoparticles (TiO2, ZrO2, and Al2O3). METHODS Amoebicidal assays were performed to determine whether metal oxide nanoparticles inhibit amoebae viability. Encystation assays were performed to test whether metal oxide nanoparticles inhibit cyst formation. By measuring lactate dehydrogenase release, cytotoxicity assays were performed to determine human cell damage. Hoechst 33342/PI staining was performed to determine programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis in A. castellanii. RESULTS TiO2-NPs significantly inhibited amoebae viability as observed through amoebicidal assays, as well as inhibited their phenotypic transformation as evident using encystation assays, and showed limited human cell damage as observed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase assays. Furthermore, TiO2-NPs altered parasite membranes and resulted in necrotic cell death as determined using double staining cell death assays with Hoechst33342/Propidium iodide (PI) observed through chromatin condensation. These findings suggest that TiO2-NPs offers a potential viable avenue in the rationale development of therapeutic interventions against Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lai Ti Gew
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
- Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ahmad M Alharbi
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Alhazmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Kumar M, Keshwania P, Chopra S, Mahmood S, Bhatia A. Therapeutic Potential of Nanocarrier-Mediated Delivery of Phytoconstituents for Wound Healing: Their Current Status and Future Perspective. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:155. [PMID: 37468691 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02616-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of wounds is a serious problem all over the world and imposes a huge financial burden on each and every nation. For a long time, researchers have explored wound dressing that speeds up wound healing. Traditional wound dressing does not respond effectively to the wound-healing process as expected. Therapeutic active derived from plant extracts and extracted bioactive components have been employed in various regions of the globe since ancient times for the purpose of illness, prevention, and therapy. About 200 years ago, most medical treatments were based on herbal remedies. Especially in the West, the usage of herbal treatments began to wane in the 1960s as a result of the rise of allopathic medicine. In recent years, however, there has been a resurgence of interest in and demand for herbal medicines for a number of reasons, including claims about their efficacy, shifting consumer preferences toward natural medicines, high costs and negative side effects of modern medicines, and advancements in herbal medicines brought about by scientific research and technological innovation. The exploration of medicinal plants and their typical uses could potentially result in advanced pharmaceuticals that exhibit reduced adverse effects. This review aims to present an overview of the utilization of nanocarriers in plant-based therapeutics, including its current status, recent advancements, challenges, and future prospects. The objective is to equip researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the historical background, current state, and potential future developments in this emerging field. In light of this, the advantages of nanocarriers based delivery of natural wound healing treatments have been discussed, with a focus on nanofibers, nanoparticles, nano-emulsion, and nanogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University (MRSPTU), Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Puja Keshwania
- Department of Microbiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Shruti Chopra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University (MRSPTU), Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India.
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Marvanová S, Pěnčíková K, Pálková L, Ciganek M, Petráš J, Lněničková A, Vondráček J, Machala M. Benzo[b]naphtho[d]thiophenes and naphthylbenzo[b]thiophenes: Their aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activities and environmental presence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:162924. [PMID: 36933742 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocyclic compounds (PASHs) belong among ubiquitous environmental pollutants; however, their toxic effects remain poorly understood. Here, we studied the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated activity of dibenzothiophene, benzo[b]naphtho[d]thiophenes, and naphthylbenzo[b]thiophenes, as well as their presence in two types of environmental matrices: river sediments collected from both rural and urban areas, and in airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) sampled in cities with different levels and sources of pollution. Benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene, benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-d]thiophene, 2,2-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene, and 2,1-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene were newly identified as efficient AhR agonists in both rat and human AhR-based reporter gene assays, with 2,2-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene being the most potent compound identified in both species. Benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]thiophene and 3,2-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene elicited AhR-mediated activity only in the rat liver cell model, while dibenzothiophene and 3,1-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene were inactive in either cell type. Independently of their ability to activate the AhR, benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]thiophene, 2,1-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene, 3,1-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene, and 3,2-naphthylbenzo[b]thiophene inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication in a model of rat liver epithelial cells. Benzo[b]naphtho[d]thiophenes were dominant PASHs present in both PM2.5 and sediment samples, with benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene being the most abundant one, followed by benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-d]thiophene. The levels of naphthylbenzo[b]thiophenes were mostly low or below detection limit. Benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene and benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-d]thiophene were identified as the most significant contributors to the AhR-mediated activity in the environmental samples evaluated in this study. Both induced nuclear translocation of the AhR, and they induced CYP1A1 expression in a time-dependent manner, suggesting that their AhR-mediated activity may depend on the rate of their intracellular metabolism. In conclusion, some PASHs could be significant contributors to the overall AhR-mediated toxicity of complex environmental samples suggesting that more attention should be paid to the potential health impacts of this group of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Marvanová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pálková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petráš
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Lněničková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Chaudhary KR, Kujur S, Singh K. Recent advances of nanotechnology in COVID 19: A critical review and future perspective. OPENNANO 2023; 9. [PMCID: PMC9749399 DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The global anxiety and economic crisis causes the deadly pandemic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID 19) affect millions of people right now. Subsequently, this life threatened viral disease is caused due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, morbidity and mortality of infected patients are due to cytokines storm syndrome associated with lung injury and multiorgan failure caused by COVID 19. Thereafter, several methodological advances have been approved by WHO and US-FDA for the detection, diagnosis and control of this wide spreadable communicable disease but still facing multi-challenges to control. Herein, we majorly emphasize the current trends and future perspectives of nano-medicinal based approaches for the delivery of anti-COVID 19 therapeutic moieties. Interestingly, Nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with drug molecules or vaccines resemble morphological features of SARS-CoV-2 in their size (60–140 nm) and shape (circular or spherical) that particularly mimics the virus facilitating strong interaction between them. Indeed, the delivery of anti-COVID 19 cargos via a nanoparticle such as Lipidic nanoparticles, Polymeric nanoparticles, Metallic nanoparticles, and Multi-functionalized nanoparticles to overcome the drawbacks of conventional approaches, specifying the site-specific targeting with reduced drug loading and toxicities, exhibit their immense potential. Additionally, nano-technological based drug delivery with their peculiar characteristics of having low immunogenicity, tunable drug release, multidrug delivery, higher selectivity and specificity, higher efficacy and tolerability switch on the novel pathway for the prevention and treatment of COVID 19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabi Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India,Department of Research and Development, United Biotech (P) Ltd. Bagbania, Nalagarh, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India,Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, MOGA, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Sima Kujur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India,Department of Research and Development, United Biotech (P) Ltd. Bagbania, Nalagarh, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Marzec JM, Nadadur SS. Inflammation resolution in environmental pulmonary health and morbidity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116070. [PMID: 35618031 PMCID: PMC9872158 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and resolution are dynamic processes comprised of inflammatory activation and neutrophil influx, followed by mediator catabolism and efferocytosis. These critical pathways ensure a return to homeostasis and promote repair. Over the past decade research has shown that diverse mediators play a role in the active process of resolution. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), biosynthesized from fatty acids, are released during inflammation to facilitate resolution and are deficient in a variety of lung disorders. Failed resolution results in remodeling and cellular deposition through pro-fibrotic myofibroblast expansion that irreversibly narrows the airways and worsens lung function. Recent studies indicate environmental exposures may perturb and deregulate critical resolution pathways. Environmental xenobiotics induce lung inflammation and generate reactive metabolites that promote oxidative stress, injuring the respiratory mucosa and impairing gas-exchange. This warrants recognition of xenobiotic associated molecular patterns (XAMPs) as new signals in the field of inflammation biology, as many environmental chemicals generate free radicals capable of initiating the inflammatory response. Recent studies suggest that unresolved, persistent inflammation impacts both resolution pathways and endogenous regulatory mediators, compromising lung function, which over time can progress to chronic lung disease. Chronic ozone (O3) exposure overwhelms successful resolution, and in susceptible individuals promotes asthma onset. The industrial contaminant cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulates in the lung to impair resolution, and recurrent inflammation can result in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Persistent particulate matter (PM) exposure increases systemic cardiopulmonary inflammation, which reduces lung function and can exacerbate asthma, COPD, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While recurrent inflammation underlies environmentally induced pulmonary morbidity and may drive the disease process, our understanding of inflammation resolution in this context is limited. This review aims to explore inflammation resolution biology and its role in chronic environmental lung disease(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui M Marzec
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Srikanth S Nadadur
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Integrative analysis to explore the biological association between environmental skin diseases and ambient particulate matter. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9750. [PMID: 35697899 PMCID: PMC9192598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous experimental studies have suggested a significant association between ambient particulate matter (PM) and respiratory damage, the etiological relationship between ambient PM and environmental skin diseases is not clearly understood. Here, we aimed to explore the association between PM and skin diseases through biological big data analysis. Differential gene expression profiles associated with PM and environmental skin diseases were retrieved from public genome databases. The co-expression among them was analyzed using a text-mining-based network analysis software. Activation/inhibition patterns from RNA-sequencing data performed with PM2.5-treated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) were overlapped to select key regulators of the analyzed pathways. We explored the adverse effects of PM on the skin and attempted to elucidate their relationships using public genome data. We found that changes in upstream regulators and inflammatory signaling networks mediated by MMP-1, MMP-9, PLAU, S100A9, IL-6, and S100A8 were predicted as the key pathways underlying PM-induced skin diseases. Our integrative approach using a literature-based co-expression analysis and experimental validation not only improves the reliability of prediction but also provides assistance to clarify underlying mechanisms of ambient PM-induced dermal toxicity that can be applied to screen the relationship between other chemicals and adverse effects.
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Kitanovski Z, Hovorka J, Kuta J, Leoni C, Prokeš R, Sáňka O, Shahpoury P, Lammel G. Nitrated monoaromatic hydrocarbons (nitrophenols, nitrocatechols, nitrosalicylic acids) in ambient air: levels, mass size distributions and inhalation bioaccessibility. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:59131-59140. [PMID: 32529617 PMCID: PMC8541976 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitrated monoaromatic hydrocarbons (NMAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment and an important part of atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS) and brown carbon. They are ecotoxic and with underresearched toxic potential for humans. NMAHs were determined in size-segregated ambient particulate matter collected at two urban sites in central Europe, Ostrava and Kladno, Czech Republic. The average sums of 12 NMAHs (Σ12NMAH) measured in winter PM10 samples from Ostrava and Kladno were 102 and 93 ng m-3, respectively, and 8.8 ng m-3 in summer PM10 samples from Ostrava. The concentrations in winter corresponded to 6.3-7.3% and 2.6-3.1% of HULIS-C and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), respectively. Nitrocatechols represented 67-93%, 61-73% and 28-96% of NMAHs in PM10 samples collected in winter and summer at Ostrava and in winter at Kladno, respectively. The mass size distribution of the targeted substance classes peaked in the submicrometre size fractions (PM1), often in the PM0.5 size fraction especially in summer. The bioaccessible fraction of NMAHs was determined by leaching PM3 samples in two simulated lung fluids, Gamble's solution and artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF). More than half of NMAH mass is found bioaccessible, almost complete for nitrosalicylic acids. The bioaccessible fraction was generally higher when using ALF (mimics the chemical environment created by macrophage activity, pH 4.5) than Gamble's solution (pH 7.4). Bioaccessibility may be negligible for lipophilic substances (i.e. log KOW > 4.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Kitanovski
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Hovorka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kuta
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cecilia Leoni
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Prokeš
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Sáňka
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pourya Shahpoury
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
- Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Chen Y, Rivers-Auty J, Crică LE, Barr K, Rosano V, Arranz AE, Loret T, Spiller D, Bussy C, Kostarelos K, Vranic S. Dynamic interactions and intracellular fate of label-free, thin graphene oxide sheets within mammalian cells: role of lateral sheet size. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4166-4185. [PMID: 36132849 PMCID: PMC9419297 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00133g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) holds great potential for biomedical applications, however fundamental understanding of the way it interacts with biological systems is still lacking even though it is essential for successful clinical translation. In this study, we exploit intrinsic fluorescent properties of thin GO sheets to establish the relationship between lateral dimensions of the material, its cellular uptake mechanisms and intracellular fate over time. Label-free GO with distinct lateral dimensions, small (s-GO) and ultra-small (us-GO) were thoroughly characterised both in water and in biologically relevant cell culture medium. Interactions of the material with a range of non-phagocytic mammalian cell lines (BEAS-2B, NIH/3T3, HaCaT, 293T) were studied using a combination of complementary analytical techniques (confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and TEM). The uptake mechanism was initially interrogated using a range of pharmaceutical inhibitors and validated using polystyrene beads of different diameters (0.1 and 1 μm). Subsequently, RNA-Seq was used to follow the changes in the uptake mechanism used to internalize s-GO flakes over time. Regardless of lateral dimensions, both types of GO were found to interact with the plasma membrane and to be internalized by a panel of cell lines studied. However, s-GO was internalized mainly via macropinocytosis while us-GO was mainly internalized via clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Importantly, we report the shift from macropinocytosis to clathrin-dependent endocytosis in the uptake of s-GO at 24 h, mediated by upregulation of mTORC1/2 pathway. Finally, we show that both s-GO and us-GO terminate in lysosomal compartments for up to 48 h. Our results offer an insight into the mechanism of interaction of GO with non-phagocytic cell lines over time that can be exploited for the design of biomedically-applicable 2D transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxian Chen
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Jack Rivers-Auty
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester AV Hill Building, Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT UK
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Livia Elena Crică
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Katie Barr
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Vinicio Rosano
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Adrián Esteban Arranz
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Thomas Loret
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David Spiller
- FBMH Platform Sciences, Enabling Technologies & Infrastructure, FBMH Research & Innovation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester Michael Smith Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester Booth Street East Manchester M13 9PL UK
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Ning X, Wang Y, Zhu N, Li G, Sang N. Risk assessment of the lipid metabolism-disrupting effects of nitro-PAHs. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122611. [PMID: 32353732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) are of increasing global concern due to their ubiquitous occurrence and long-range transport in the environment. However, their potential metabolism-disrupting effects, especially nuclear receptor-related lipid disorders, are still poorly understood. Targeting estrogen receptor α (ERα), this study for the first time evaluated the lipid metabolic effects of NPAHs using in vitro and in vivo models. The results indicated that four of the five NPAHs tested exhibited significant ERα agonistic activities, and induced increased secretion of 17β-estradiol (E2) in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, lipidomic analysis showed that exposure to the candidate NPAH (3-nitrofluoranthene, 3-NFA) led to elevated hepatic levels of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and cholesteryl esters (CEs). Importantly, the lipid overload induced by 3-NFA was verified in the livers of zebrafish larvae using Oil Red O staining. Additionally, significant increases in E2 production and the expression levels of associated genes (17βHSD and C/EBP-α) further supported the involvement of the ERα signaling pathway in the lipid metabolic perturbation induced by 3-NFA. These results provide novel insight into the lipid metabolism-disrupting effects induced by NPAHs and may offer a better understanding of the environmental risks of NPAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Na Zhu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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Impairment of mitochondrial function by particulate matter: Implications for the brain. Neurochem Int 2020; 135:104694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Liu S, Huang Q, Wu Y, Song Y, Dong W, Chu M, Yang D, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chen C, Zhao B, Shen H, Guo X, Deng F. Metabolic linkages between indoor negative air ions, particulate matter and cardiorespiratory function: A randomized, double-blind crossover study among children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105663. [PMID: 32203810 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionization air purifiers, which purify particulate matter (PM) by producing vast number of negative air ions (NAI), are widely used. Recent study implied that ionization air purification could bring respiratory benefits but deterioration of heart rate variability (HRV). However, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To explore the molecular linkages between indoor NAI, decreased PM and the cardiorespiratory effect after purification. METHODS Urine samples were collected from 44 healthy children three times of each study period (real and sham purification) in an existing randomized, double-blind crossover study. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was conducted in metabolomics analysis, the associations between indoor NAI, decreased PM and the cardiorespiratory function were investigated via the meet-in-metabolite approach (MIMA) based on statistical and metabolic pathway analysis. Mixed-effect models were used to establish associations between exposure, health parameters and metabolites. RESULTS Twenty-eight and fourteen metabolites were identified with significant correlations to NAI and PM, respectively. Besides, eight and eighteen metabolites were separately associated with respiratory function and HRV. The increased NAI and decreased PM improved respiratory function mainly with eight pathways, promoting energy production, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation capacity. Decreased PM ameliorated HRV with six main pathways, increasing energy production and anti-inflammation capacity while increased NAI deteriorated HRV with five main pathways, lowering energy generation and anti-oxidation capacity. CONCLUSIONS Increased NAI and decreased PM ameliorated respiratory function by increasing energy production, improving anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation capacity. Decreased PM improved cardiac autonomic function by increasing energy production and anti-inflammation capacity, while these benefits were overcast by massive NAI via lowering energy generation and anti-oxidation capacity with different metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengtian Chu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Heqing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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12
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Lammel G, Kitanovski Z, Kukučka P, Novák J, Arangio AM, Codling GP, Filippi A, Hovorka J, Kuta J, Leoni C, Příbylová P, Prokeš R, Sáňka O, Shahpoury P, Tong H, Wietzoreck M. Oxygenated and Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air-Levels, Phase Partitioning, Mass Size Distributions, and Inhalation Bioaccessibility. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:2615-2625. [PMID: 31950831 PMCID: PMC7307896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) are some of the most hazardous substances to public health, mainly because of their carcinogenicity and oxidative potential. Despite these concerns, the concentrations and fate of NPAHs and OPAHs in the atmospheric environment are largely unknown. Ambient air concentrations of 18 NPAHs, 5 quinones, and 5 other OPAHs were determined at two urban and one regional background sites in central Europe. At one of the urban sites, the total (gas and particulate) concentrations of Σ10OPAHs were 10.0 ± 9.2 ng/m3 in winter and 3.5 ± 1.6 ng/m3 in summer. The gradient to the regional background site exceeded 1 order of magnitude. Σ18NPAH concentrations were typically 1 order of magnitude lower than OPAHs. Among OPAHs, 9-fluorenone and (9,10)-anthraquinone were the most abundant species, accompanied by benzanthrone in winter. (9,10)-Anthraquinone represented two-thirds of quinones. We found that a large fraction of the target substance particulate mass was carried by submicrometer particles. The derived inhalation bioaccessibility in the PM10 size fraction is found to be ≈5% of the total ambient concentration of OPAHs and up to ≈2% for NPAHs. For 9-fluorenone and (9,10)-anthraquinone, up to 86 and 18%, respectively, were found at the rural site. Our results indicate that water solubility could function as a limiting factor for bioaccessibility of inhaled particulate NPAHs and OPAHs, without considerable effect of surfactant lipids and proteins in the lung lining fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Lammel
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Zoran Kitanovski
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Petr Kukučka
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novák
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea M. Arangio
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Garry P. Codling
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Filippi
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Jan Hovorka
- Faculty
of Science, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Prague 116 36, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kuta
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Cecilia Leoni
- Faculty
of Science, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Prague 116 36, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Příbylová
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Prokeš
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Sáňka
- Research
Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Pourya Shahpoury
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Air
Quality Processes Research Section, Environment
and Climate Change Canada, Toronto 12843, Canada
| | - Haijie Tong
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Marco Wietzoreck
- Multiphase
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
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13
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Yang J, Chen Y, Yu Z, Ding H, Ma Z. The influence of PM 2.5 on lung injury and cytokines in mice. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2503-2511. [PMID: 31572502 PMCID: PMC6755482 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) profoundly affects human health. However, the role of PM2.5 on lung injury and cytokine levels in mice is currently unknown. The aim was to examine the effect of PM2.5 pollution on lung injury in mice fed at an underground parking lot. A total of 20 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into control and polluted groups, with 10 rats in each group. The control group was kept in the laboratory, while the pollution group was fed in an underground parking lot. The concentrations of pollutants were measured using ambient air quality monitoring instruments. After 3 months of treatment, the lungs were collected and examined using electron microscopy, and the morphological structures were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The polarization of macrophages was evaluated by immunofluorescence. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in peripheral sera were assessed by ELISA. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-4, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 in lung tissues were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. In the polluted group, the levels of CO, NOx and PM2.5 were significantly higher compared with the control group. Compared with the controls, intracellular edema, an increased number of microvilli and lamellar bodies, smaller lamellar bodies in type II alveolar epithelial cells, and abundant particles induced by PM2.5 in macrophages were observed in the polluted group. The lung ultrastructure changed in the polluted group, revealing exhaust-induced lung injury: The tissues were damaged, and the number of inflammatory cells, neutrophils, polylymphocytes and eosinophils increased in the polluted group compared with the control group. The authors also observed that the number of M1 and M2 macrophages markedly increased after the exhaust treatment. The levels of IL-4, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the sera and tissues were significantly increased in the polluted group. PM2.5 pollutants in underground garages can lead to lung injury and have a significant impact on the level of inflammatory cytokines in mice. Therefore, the authors suggest that PM2.5 can activate the inflammatory reaction and induce immune dysfunction, leading to ultrastructural damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (Guangdong General Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Research Center of Intelligent Transportation System, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, P.R. China
| | - Hui Ding
- Research Center of Intelligent Transportation System, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfu Ma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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14
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Influence of exposure dose, complex mixture, and ultraviolet radiation on skin absorption and bioactivation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ex vivo. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2165-2184. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02504-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Abstract
More than 100 different conditions are grouped under the term interstitial lung disease (ILD). A diagnosis of an ILD primarily relies on a combination of clinical, radiological, and pathological criteria, which should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team of specialists. Multiple factors, such as environmental and occupational exposures, infections, drugs, radiation, and genetic predisposition have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Asbestosis and other pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), chronic beryllium disease, and smoking-related ILD are specifically linked to inhalational exposure of environmental agents. The recent Global Burden of Disease Study reported that ILD rank 40th in relation to global years of life lost in 2013, which represents an increase of 86% compared to 1990. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the prototype of fibrotic ILD. A recent study from the United States reported that the incidence and prevalence of IPF are 14.6 per 100,000 person-years and 58.7 per 100,000 persons, respectively. These data suggests that, in large populated areas such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China (the BRIC region), there may be approximately 2 million people living with IPF. However, studies from South America found much lower rates (0.4–1.2 cases per 100,000 per year). Limited access to high-resolution computed tomography and spirometry or to multidisciplinary teams for accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment are common challenges to the management of ILD in developing countries.
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16
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Sánchez-Soberón F, Cuykx M, Serra N, Linares V, Bellés M, Covaci A, Schuhmacher M. In-vitro metabolomics to evaluate toxicity of particulate matter under environmentally realistic conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:137-146. [PMID: 29929119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this pilot study three fractions of particulate matter (PM0.25, PM2.5-0.25, and PM10-2.5) were collected in three environments (classroom, home, and outdoors) in a village located nearby an industrial complex. Time-activity pattern of 20 students attending the classroom was obtained, and the dose of particles reaching the children's lungs under actual environmental conditions (i.e. real dose) was calculated via dosimetry model. The highest PM concentrations were reached in the classroom. Simulations showed that heavy intensity outdoor activities played a major role in PM deposition, especially in the upper part of the respiratory tract. The mass of PM10-2.5 reaching the alveoli was minor, while PM2.5-0.25 and PM0.25 apportion for most of the PM mass retained in the lungs. Consequently, PM2.5-0.25 and PM0.25 were the only fractions used in two subsequent toxicity assays onto alveolar cells (A549). First, a cytotoxicity dose-response assay was performed, and doses corresponding to 5% mortality (LC5) were estimated. Afterwards, two LC-MS metabolomic assays were conducted: one applying LC5, and another applying real dose. A lower estimated LC5 value was obtained for PM0.25 than PM2.5-0.25 (8.08 and 73.7 ng/mL respectively). The number of altered features after LC5 exposure was similar for both fractions (39 and 38 for PM0.25 and PM2.5-0.25 respectively), while after real dose exposure these numbers differed (10 and 5 for PM0.25 and PM2.5-0.25 respectively). The most metabolic changes were related to membrane and lung surfactant lipids. This study highlights the capacity of PM to alter metabolic profile of lung cells at conventional environmental levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sánchez-Soberón
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Chemical Engineering Department, Environmental Analysis and Management Group, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Matthias Cuykx
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Noemí Serra
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Lorenzo 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Victoria Linares
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Lorenzo 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Bellés
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Lorenzo 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Chemical Engineering Department, Environmental Analysis and Management Group, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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17
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Identification of abnormally expressed lncRNAs induced by PM2.5 in human bronchial epithelial cells. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171577. [PMID: 29899163 PMCID: PMC6131355 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of stimulation of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) by arterial traffic ambient PM2.5 (TAPM2.5) and wood smoke PM2.5 (WSPM2.5) on the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in order to find new therapeutic targets for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). HBECs were exposed to TAPM2.5 and WSPM2.5 at a series of concentrations. The microarray analysis was used to detect the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and gene ontology (GO) enrichment were conducted to analyze the differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to confirm the differential expression of lncRNAs. Western blot was performed to study the expression of autophagy and apoptosis-associated proteins. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic cells. The results indicated that fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced cell damage of HBECs occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The microarray analysis indicated that treatment with TAPM2.5 and WSPM2.5 led to the alteration of lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles. LncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) was significantly up-regulated in HBECs after PM2.5 treatment. The results of Western blot showed that PM2.5 induced cell apoptosis and autophagy by up-regulating apoptosis-associated gene, caspase-3, and down-regulating autophagy-associated markers, Bcl-2 and LC3 expression. In addition, we demonstrated that TAPM2.5 and WSPM2.5 accelerated apoptosis of human bronchial (HBE) cells, silencing of MEG3 suppressed apoptosis and autophagy of HBE cells. These findings suggested that the lncRNA MEG3 mediates PM2.5-induced cell apoptosis and autophagy, and probably through regulating the expression of p53.
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18
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Perepelytsina OM, Ugnivenko AP, Dobrydnev AV, Bakalinska ON, Marynin AI, Sydorenko MV. Influence of Carbon Nanotubes and Its Derivatives on Tumor Cells In Vitro and Biochemical Parameters, Cellular Blood Composition In Vivo. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:286. [PMID: 30209630 PMCID: PMC6135734 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the proposed work was to analyze the toxicity of oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNTox), functionalized by doxorubicin (CNT-Dox) and fluorescein (CNT-FITC) on cell and organism level. The cytotoxic effect of CNTox, CNT-Dox, and CNT-FITC was analyzed on tumor cells in vitro (2-D, 3-D cultures) and on Balb2/c mice model in vivo. As a result, it was demonstrated the possibility of doxorubicin immobilization on the surface of CNT and controlled release of doxorubicin (Dox) from the surface of CNT. Dox immobilization coincident with decreasing cytotoxic effect CNT-Dox compared with free Dox. Breakdown of peptide bonds with CNT surface led to the release of doxorubicin and dose-dependent enhancement of the cytotoxic effect of CNTs and Dox. The combined cytotoxic effect from CNTs, Dox, and trypsin on the survival of tumor cells was shown. At the organism level, it was investigated the effect of the obtained nanostructures on the state of hepatic enzymatic system, the protein metabolism, and cell blood composition of the experimental animals. CNTox influence in vivo model was statistically the same as control. CNT-Dox demonstrated lower total organism toxic effect compared to the pure doxorubicin. Deviations in the cell blood composition indicated a general toxic effect of CNT-Dox, but it was more moderate compared with of pure doxorubicin. From the data obtained, we concluded that binding CNTs with doxorubicin allows reducing toxicity of the doxorubicin on the general biochemical indicators of blood and violations in the blood cells composition in vivo. At the same time, the combined effect of CNTs and doxorubicin after drug release allowed us to achieve greater efficacy in suppressing tumor growth in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena M. Perepelytsina
- Department for Biotechnical Problems of Diagnostic IPCC, Nauky str.,42/1, Kiev, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Andriy P. Ugnivenko
- Department for Biotechnical Problems of Diagnostic IPCC, Nauky str.,42/1, Kiev, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Alexey V. Dobrydnev
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kiev, Lva Tolstoho str. 12, Kiev, 01033 Ukraine
| | - Olga N. Bakalinska
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 17 General Naumov str., Kiev, 03164 Ukraine
| | - Andrii I. Marynin
- National University of Food Technologies, 68, Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | - Mychailo V. Sydorenko
- Department for Biotechnical Problems of Diagnostic IPCC, Nauky str.,42/1, Kiev, 03028 Ukraine
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19
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Ouyang Y, Xu Z, Fan E, Li Y, Miyake K, Xu X, Zhang L. Changes in gene expression in chronic allergy mouse model exposed to natural environmental PM2.5-rich ambient air pollution. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6326. [PMID: 29679058 PMCID: PMC5910422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been associated with an increase in the incidence of chronic allergic diseases; however, the mechanisms underlying the effect of exposure to natural ambient air pollution in chronic allergic diseases have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cellular responses induced by exposure to natural ambient air pollution, employing a mouse model of chronic allergy. The results indicated that exposure to ambient air pollution significantly increased the number of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa. The modulation of gene expression profile identified a set of regulated genes, and the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells1(TREM1) signaling canonical pathway was increased after exposure to ambient air pollution. In vitro, PM2.5 increased Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (Nod1) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway activation in A549 and HEK293 cell cultures. These results suggest a novel mechanism by which, PM2.5 in ambient air pollution may stimulate the innate immune system through the PM2.5-Nod1-NF-κB axis in chronic allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Ouyang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Affiliated to the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Zhaojun Xu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362011, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Erzhong Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ying Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Kunio Miyake
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Xianyan Xu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362011, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Affiliated to the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, 100005, China.
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20
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Popadić D, Heßelbach K, Richter-Brockmann S, Kim GJ, Flemming S, Schmidt-Heck W, Häupl T, Bonin M, Dornhof R, Achten C, Günther S, Humar M, Merfort I. Gene expression profiling of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) from biomass combustion. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 347:10-22. [PMID: 29596927 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Popadić
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Heßelbach
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Richter-Brockmann
- Institute of Geology and Palaeontology - Applied Geology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Gwang-Jin Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Flemming
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt-Heck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Bonin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Dornhof
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christine Achten
- Institute of Geology and Palaeontology - Applied Geology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matjaz Humar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Irmgard Merfort
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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21
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Conti S, Harari S, Caminati A, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J, Bertazzi PA, Cesana G, Madotto F. The association between air pollution and the incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Northern Italy. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/1/1700397. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00397-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute exacerbations and worsening of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been associated with exposure to ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter, but chronic exposure to air pollution might also affect the incidence of IPF. We investigated the association between chronic exposure to NO2, O3and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10) and IPF incidence in Northern Italy between 2005 and 2010.Daily predictions of PM10concentrations were obtained from spatiotemporal models, and NO2and O3hourly concentrations from fixed monitoring stations. We identified areas with homogenous exposure to each pollutant. We built negative binomial models to assess the association between area-specific IPF incidence rate, estimated through administrative databases, and average overall and seasonal PM10, NO2, and 8-hour maximum O3concentrations.Using unadjusted models, an increment of 10 µg·m−3in NO2concentration was associated with an increase between 7.93% (95% CI 0.36–16.08%) and 8.41% (95% CI −0.23–17.80%) in IPF incidence rate, depending on the season. After adjustment for potential confounders, estimated effects were similar in magnitude, but with larger confidence intervals.Although confirmatory studies are needed, our results trace a potential association between exposure to traffic pollution and the development of IPF.
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Hu X, Li Q, Shao S, Zeng Q, Jiang S, Wu Q, Jiang C. Potential lung carcinogenicity induced by chronic exposure to PM 2.5 in the rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:18991-19000. [PMID: 28656580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may increase lung cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study explored the potential carcinogenicity in rat lung induced by chronic exposure to PM2.5. Adult male rats (200-220 g) were treated with PM2.5 (10 mg/kg body weight) by tracheal perfusion once per week for 1 year; the rats were killed, and expression of tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA)), cancer-related genes, and pathological changes were detected. Chronic treatment with PM2.5 significantly increased SCCA and NSE expression in rat lung tissue and serum. Damaged lung tissue structure was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Although no evidence of tumors was detected, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, vascular endothelial growth factor, and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways were all activated or overexpressed and likely involved in the potential carcinogenicity in the rat model. Additionally, abnormal expression of the proto-oncogenes c-Myc and K-Ras and tumor suppressor p53 can be seen in lung tissue induced by PM2.5 exposure. Chronic exposure to PM2.5 has the potential to be carcinogenic in rat lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 54 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Department of Respiratory, People's Hospital of Qitaihe City, 37 Shanhu Road, Qitaihe, Heilongjiang, 154600, China
| | - Qingzhao Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Jianshe Road, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China
| | - Shifeng Shao
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Shoufang Jiang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Jianshe Road, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 54 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Chunyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300121, China.
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Xu Y, Wu J, Peng X, Yang T, Liu M, Chen L, Dai X, Wang Z, Yang C, Yan B, Jiang Y. LncRNA LINC00341 mediates PM 2.5 -induced cell cycle arrest in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Lett 2017; 276:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Signal Transductions of BEAS-2B Cells in Response to Carcinogenic PM 2.5 Exposure Based on a Microfluidic System. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5413-5421. [PMID: 28447797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter) is considered as a harmful carcinogen. Determining the precise relationship between the chemical constituents of PM2.5 in the air and cancer progression could aid the treatment of environment related disease and establishing risk reduction strategies. Herein, we used transcriptomics (RNA-seq) and an integrated microfluidic system to identify the global gene expression and differential target proteins expression induced by ambient fine particles collected from the heavy haze in China. The results clearly indicated that cancer related pathways exhibited the strongest dysregulation. The ambient fine particles could be uptaken into the cells by pinocytosis, mainly promoting the PI3K-Akt pathway, FGF/FGFR/MAPK/VEGF signaling, and the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to evading apoptosis, sustained angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, which are the most important hallmarks of cancer. And fine particles also have been demonstrated to create intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS, change intracellular free Ca2+, and induce apoptosis, which are all key players in mediating cancer progression. It was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the particles from the haze could enter the mitochondria, resulting in disturbance of the mitochondrial membrane and disruption of the mitochondria, and these particles can even enter inside the nucleus. It was also found in our study of organics (OC, PAHs) and metals (Zn, As, V) that compounds of fine particles were more closely associated with the exacerbation of cancer and secondary aerosols generated by traffic had the largest impact on cancer related signal transductions.
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Jia YY, Wang Q, Liu T. Toxicity Research of PM 2.5 Compositions In Vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030232. [PMID: 28245639 PMCID: PMC5369068 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
According to the published literature, we surmise that particulate matter (PM) concentration, individually, may be less important than components in explaining health effects. PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) had similar cytotoxicity (e.g., cell viability reduction, oxidative damage, inflammatory effects and genetic toxicity) on different types of cells. The studies of cells are readily available for detailed mechanistic investigations, which is more appropriate for learning and comparing the mechanism caused by single or mixed ingredients coating a carbon core. No review exists that holistically examines the evidence from all components-based in vitro studies. We reviewed published studies that focus on the cytotoxicity of normal PM2.5. Those studies suggested that the toxicity of mixed compositions differs greatly from the single ingredients in mixed components and the target cells. The cytotoxic responses caused by PM2.5 components have not shown a consistent association with clear, specific health effects. The results may be beneficial for providing new targets for drugs for the treatment of PM2.5-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Te Liu
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
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Chu JH, Hart JE, Chhabra D, Garshick E, Raby BA, Laden F. Gene expression network analyses in response to air pollution exposures in the trucking industry. Environ Health 2016; 15:101. [PMID: 27809917 PMCID: PMC5093980 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution, including traffic-related pollutants, has been associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes, including increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality, and increased lung cancer risk. METHODS To better understand the cellular responses induced by air pollution exposures, we performed genome-wide gene expression microarray analysis using whole blood RNA sampled at three time-points across the work weeks of 63 non-smoking employees at 10 trucking terminals in the northeastern US. We defined genes and gene networks that were differentially activated in response to PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 microns in diameter) and elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC). RESULTS Multiple transcripts were strongly associated (padj < 0.001) with pollutant levels (48, 260, and 49 transcripts for EC, OC, and PM2.5, respectively), including 63 that were statistically significantly correlated with at least two out of the three exposures. These genes included many that have been implicated in ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other pollution-related illnesses. Through the combination of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and network analysis (using GeneMANIA), we identified a core set of 25 interrelated genes that were common to all three exposure measures and were differentially expressed in two previous studies assessing gene expression attributable to air pollution. Many of these are members of fundamental cancer-related pathways, including those related to DNA and metal binding, and regulation of apoptosis and also but include genes implicated in chronic heart and lung diseases. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a molecular link between the associations of air pollution exposures with health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-hwa Chu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Jaime E. Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Divya Chhabra
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Eric Garshick
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Benjamin A. Raby
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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Goel S, Chen F, Luan S, Valdovinos HF, Shi S, Graves SA, Ai F, Barnhart TE, Theuer CP, Cai W. Engineering Intrinsically Zirconium-89 Radiolabeled Self-Destructing Mesoporous Silica Nanostructures for In Vivo Biodistribution and Tumor Targeting Studies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1600122. [PMID: 27980987 PMCID: PMC5102673 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study of in vitro and in vivo behavior of biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles (bMSNs), designed to carry multiple cargos (both small and macromolecular drugs) and subsequently self-destruct following release of their payloads, is presented. Complete degradation of bMSNs is seen within 21 d of incubation in simulated body fluid. The as-synthesized bMSNs are intrinsically radiolabeled with oxophilic zirconium-89 (89Zr, t1/2 = 78.4 h) radionuclide to track their in vivo pharmacokinetics via positron emission tomography imaging. Rapid and persistent CD105 specific tumor vasculature targeting is successfully demonstrated in murine model of metastatic breast cancer by using TRC105 (an anti-CD105 antibody)-conjugated bMSNs. This study serves to illustrate a simple, versatile, and readily tunable approach to potentially overcome the current challenges facing nanomedicine and further the goals of personalized nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Goel
- Materials Science ProgramUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | - Shijie Luan
- School of PharmacyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA19140USA
| | | | - Sixiang Shi
- Materials Science ProgramUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | - Stephen A. Graves
- Department of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | - Fanrong Ai
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | - Todd E. Barnhart
- Department of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | | | - Weibo Cai
- Materials Science ProgramUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
- Department of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer CentreMadisonWI53705USA
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Peuschel H, Ruckelshausen T, Kiefer S, Silina Y, Kraegeloh A. Penetration of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots into differentiated vs undifferentiated Caco-2 cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:70. [PMID: 27669686 PMCID: PMC5037864 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quantum dots (QDs) have great potential as fluorescent labels but cytotoxicity relating to extra- and intracellular degradation in biological systems has to be addressed prior to biomedical applications. In this study, human intestinal cells (Caco-2) grown on transwell membranes were used to study penetration depth, intracellular localization, translocation and cytotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS QDs with amino and carboxyl surface modifications. The focus of this study was to compare the penetration depth of QDs in differentiated vs undifferentiated cells using confocal microscopy and image processing. Results Caco-2 cells were exposed to QDs with amino (NH2) and carboxyl (COOH) surface groups for 3 days using a concentration of 45 µg cadmium ml−1. Image analysis of confocal/multiphoton microscopy z-stacks revealed no penetration of QDs into the cell lumen of differentiated Caco-2 cells. Interestingly, translocation of cadmium ions onto the basolateral side of differentiated monolayers was observed using high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Membrane damage was neither detected after short nor long term incubation in Caco-2 cells. On the other hand, intracellular localization of QDs after exposure to undifferentiated cells was observed and QDs were partially located within lysosomes. Conclusions In differentiated Caco-2 monolayers, representing a model for small intestinal enterocytes, no penetration of amino and carboxyl functionalized CdSe/ZnS QDs into the cell lumen was detected using microscopy analysis and image processing. In contrast, translocation of cadmium ions onto the basolateral side could be detected using ICP-MS. However, even after long term incubation, the integrity of the cell monolayer was not impaired and no cytotoxic effects could be detected. In undifferentiated Caco-2 cells, both QD modifications could be found in the cell lumen. Only to some extend, QDs were localized in endosomes or lysosomes in these cells. The results indicate that the differentiation status of Caco-2 cells is an important factor in internalization and localization studies using Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, a combination of microscopy analysis and sensitive detection techniques like ICP-MS are necessary for studying the interaction of cadmium containing QDs with cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-016-0222-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Peuschel
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruckelshausen
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Silke Kiefer
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Yuliya Silina
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Annette Kraegeloh
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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29
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Fazeli Z, Omrani MD, Ghaderian SMH. CD29/CD184 expression analysis provides a signature for identification of neuronal like cells differentiated from PBMSCs. Neurosci Lett 2016; 630:189-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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30
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Vaccari M, Mascolo MG, Rotondo F, Morandi E, Quercioli D, Perdichizzi S, Zanzi C, Serra S, Poluzzi V, Angelini P, Grilli S, Colacci A. Identification of pathway-based toxicity in the BALB/c 3T3 cell model. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1240-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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31
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Topinka J, Rossner P, Milcová A, Schmuczerová J, Pěnčíková K, Rossnerová A, Ambrož A, Štolcpartová J, Bendl J, Hovorka J, Machala M. Day-to-day variability of toxic events induced by organic compounds bound to size segregated atmospheric aerosol. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 202:135-45. [PMID: 25818093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study quantified the temporal variability of concentration of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs), genotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage and dioxin-like activity of the extractable organic matter (EOM) of atmospheric aerosol particles of aerodynamic diameter (dae, μm) coarse (1 < dae < 10), upper- (0.5 < dae < 1) and lower-accumulation (0.17 < dae < 0.5) and ultrafine (<0.17) fractions. The upper accumulation fraction formed most of the aerosol mass for 22 of the 26 study days and contained ∼44% of total c-PAHs, while the ultrafine fraction contained only ∼11%. DNA adduct levels suggested a crucial contribution of c-PAHs bound to the upper accumulation fraction. The dioxin-like activity was also driven primarily by c-PAH concentrations. In contrast, oxidative DNA damage was not related to c-PAHs, as a negative correlation with c-PAHs was observed. These results suggest that genotoxicity and dioxin-like activity are the major toxic effects of organic compounds bound to size segregated aerosol, while oxidative DNA damage is not induced by EOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Milcová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Schmuczerová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Rossnerová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Ambrož
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Štolcpartová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bendl
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hovorka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Johannson KA, Balmes JR, Collard HR. Air pollution exposure: a novel environmental risk factor for interstitial lung disease? Chest 2015; 147:1161-1167. [PMID: 25846532 PMCID: PMC4388120 DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution exposure is a well-established risk factor for several adverse respiratory outcomes, including airways diseases and lung cancer. Few studies have investigated the relationship between air pollution and interstitial lung disease (ILD) despite many forms of ILD arising from environmental exposures. There are potential mechanisms by which air pollution could cause, exacerbate, or accelerate the progression of certain forms of ILD via pulmonary and systemic inflammation as well as oxidative stress. This article will review the current epidemiologic and translational data supporting the plausibility of this relationship and propose a new conceptual framework for characterizing novel environmental risk factors for these forms of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri A Johannson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John R Balmes
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Harold R Collard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
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33
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Huang Q, Zhang J, Luo L, Wang X, Wang X, Alamdar A, Peng S, Liu L, Tian M, Shen H. Metabolomics reveals disturbed metabolic pathways in human lung epithelial cells exposed to airborne fine particulate matter. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Airborne PM2.5 exposure disturbs citrate cycle, amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, and glutathione metabolism in A549 cells.
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Traversi D, Cervella P, Gilli G. Evaluating the genotoxicity of urban PM2.5 using PCR-based methods in human lung cells and the Salmonella TA98 reverse test. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:1279-1289. [PMID: 25138555 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of compounds found in particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 (PM2.5) can interact with DNA either directly or after enzymatic transformation to induce DNA modifications. These particulate matter (PM)-induced alterations in DNA may be associated with increased frequencies of pollution-associated diseases, such as lung cancer. In the present study, we applied different methods to assess the mutagenicity and genotoxicity of monthly PM2.5 organic extracts collected over a full year. We used the Salmonella assay, exposed cultured human embryonic lung fibroblasts and applied extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide inner salt (XTT) assays to assess the cytotoxicity of PM2.5 on the cells. We assessed both the expression levels of a number of DNA repair genes (using qRT-qPCR) and the genetic profile of the treated cells compared to the control. The expression levels of XRCC1 and APE1, which are involved in the first steps of base excision repair, as well as ERCC1, XPA and XPF, which encode nucleotide excision repair subunits, were analysed. The monthly mean of the PM2.5 collected was 35.16 ± 22.06 μg/m(3). The mutagenicity of PM2.5 to TA98 was 46 ± 50 net revertants/m(3), while the mutagenicity to TA98 + S9 was 17 ± 19 net revertants/m(3). The mean IC50 values were 2.741 ± 1.414 and 3.219 ± 2.764 m(3) of equivalent air in the XTT and LDH assays, respectively. A marked and significant increase in APE1 expression levels was observed in the exposed cells. This effect was also significantly correlated with mutagenicity (p < 0.01). No induced AFLP fragment profile alterations were detected. The proposed approach seems to be useful for integrated evaluation and for highlighting the mechanisms inducing DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Traversi
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy,
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35
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Líbalová H, Krčková S, Uhlířová K, Kléma J, Ciganek M, Rössner P, Šrám RJ, Vondráček J, Machala M, Topinka J. Analysis of gene expression changes in A549 cells induced by organic compounds from respirable air particles. Mutat Res 2014; 770:94-105. [PMID: 25771875 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A number of toxic effects of respirable ambient air particles (genotoxic effects, inflammation, oxidative damage) have been attributed to organic compounds bound onto the particle surface. In this study, we analyzed global gene expression changes caused by the extractable organic matters (EOMs) from respirable airborne particles <2.5μm (PM2.5), collected at 3 localities from heavily polluted areas of the Czech Republic and a control locality with low pollution levels, in human lung epithelial A549 cells. Although the sampled localities differed in both extent and sources of air pollution, EOMs did not induce substantially different gene expression profiles. The number of transcripts deregulated in A549 cells treated with the lowest EOM concentration (10μg/ml) ranged from 65 to 85 in 4 sampling localities compared to the number of transcripts deregulated after 30μg/ml and 60μg/ml of EOMs, which ranged from 90 to 109, and from 149 to 452, respectively. We found numerous commonly deregulated genes and pathways related to activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. We further identified deregulation of expression of the genes involved in pro-inflammatory processes, oxidative stress response and in cancer and developmental pathways, such as TGF-β and Wnt signaling pathways. No cell cycle arrest, DNA repair or pro-apoptotic responses were identified at the transcriptional level after the treatment of A549 cells with EOMs. In conclusion, numerous processes and pathways deregulated in response to EOMs suggest a significant role of activated AhR. Interestingly, we did not observe substantial gene expression changes related to DNA damage response, possibly due to the antagonistic effect of non-genotoxic EOM components. Moreover, a comparison of EOM effects with other available data on modulation of global gene expression suggests possible overlap among the effects of PM2.5, EOMs and various types of AhR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Líbalová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Krčková
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Uhlířová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kléma
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo namesti 13, 121 35 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rössner
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Radim J Šrám
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Silva RM, Doudrick K, Franzi LM, TeeSy C, Anderson DS, Wu Z, Mitra S, Vu V, Dutrow G, Evans JE, Westerhoff P, Van Winkle LS, Raabe OG, Pinkerton KE. Instillation versus inhalation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: exposure-related health effects, clearance, and the role of particle characteristics. ACS NANO 2014; 8:8911-31. [PMID: 25144856 PMCID: PMC4174094 DOI: 10.1021/nn503887r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) may cause adverse pulmonary responses due to their nanoscale, fibrous morphology and/or biopersistance. This study tested multiple factors (dose, time, physicochemical characteristics, and administration method) shown to affect MWCNT toxicity with the hypothesis that these factors will influence significantly different responses upon MWCNT exposure. The study is unique in that (1) multiple administration methods were tested using particles from the same stock; (2) bulk MWCNT formulations had few differences (metal content, surface area/functionalization); and (3) MWCNT retention was quantified using a specialized approach for measuring unlabeled MWCNTs in rodent lungs. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to original (O), purified (P), and carboxylic acid functionalized (F) MWCNTs via intratracheal instillation and inhalation. Blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissues were collected at postexposure days 1 and 21 for quantifying biological responses and MWCNTs in lung tissues by programmed thermal analysis. At day 1, MWCNT instillation produced significant BALF neutrophilia and MWCNT-positive macrophages. Instilled O- and P-MWCNTs produced significant inflammation in lung tissues, which resolved by day 21 despite MWCNT retention. MWCNT inhalation produced no BALF neutrophilia and no significant histopathology past day 1. However, on days 1 and 21 postinhalation of nebulized MWCNTs, significantly increased numbers of MWCNT-positive macrophages were observed in BALF. Results suggest (1) MWCNTs produce transient inflammation if any despite persistence in the lungs; (2) instilled O-MWCNTs cause more inflammation than P- or F-MWCNTs; and (3) MWCNT suspension media produce strikingly different effects on physicochemical particle characteristics and pulmonary responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona M. Silva
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kyle Doudrick
- School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States
| | - Lisa M. Franzi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Christel TeeSy
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Donald S. Anderson
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Zheqiong Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Somenath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Vincent Vu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gavin Dutrow
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James E. Evans
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States
| | - Laura S. Van Winkle
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Otto G. Raabe
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kent E. Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Address correspondence to
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37
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Jarvis I, Bergvall C, Morales D, Kummrow F, Umbuzeiro G, Westerholm R, Stenius U, Dreij K. Nanomolar levels of PAHs in extracts from urban air induce MAPK signaling in HepG2 cells. Toxicol Lett 2014; 229:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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38
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Saleh NB, Afrooz ARMN, Bisesi JH, Aich N, Plazas-Tuttle J, Sabo-Attwood T. Emergent Properties and Toxicological Considerations for Nanohybrid Materials in Aquatic Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 4:372-407. [PMID: 28344229 PMCID: PMC5304671 DOI: 10.3390/nano4020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugation of multiple nanomaterials has become the focus of recent materials development. This new material class is commonly known as nanohybrids or "horizon nanomaterials". Conjugation of metal/metal oxides with carbonaceous nanomaterials and overcoating or doping of one metal with another have been pursued to enhance material performance and/or incorporate multifunctionality into nano-enabled devices and processes. Nanohybrids are already at use in commercialized energy, electronics and medical products, which warrant immediate attention for their safety evaluation. These conjugated ensembles likely present a new set of physicochemical properties that are unique to their individual component attributes, hence increasing uncertainty in their risk evaluation. Established toxicological testing strategies and enumerated underlying mechanisms will thus need to be re-evaluated for the assessment of these horizon materials. This review will present a critical discussion on the altered physicochemical properties of nanohybrids and analyze the validity of existing nanotoxicology data against these unique properties. The article will also propose strategies to evaluate the conjugate materials' safety to help undertake future toxicological research on the nanohybrid material class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid B. Saleh
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; E-Mails: (N.B.S); (A.R.M.N.A.); (N.A.); (J.P.-T.)
| | - A. R. M. Nabiul Afrooz
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; E-Mails: (N.B.S); (A.R.M.N.A.); (N.A.); (J.P.-T.)
| | - Joseph H. Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Nirupam Aich
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; E-Mails: (N.B.S); (A.R.M.N.A.); (N.A.); (J.P.-T.)
| | - Jaime Plazas-Tuttle
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; E-Mails: (N.B.S); (A.R.M.N.A.); (N.A.); (J.P.-T.)
| | - Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; E-Mail:
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Rossner P, Rossnerova A, Beskid O, Tabashidze N, Libalova H, Uhlirova K, Topinka J, Sram RJ. Nonhomologous DNA end joining and chromosome aberrations in human embryonic lung fibroblasts treated with environmental pollutants. Mutat Res 2014; 763-764:28-38. [PMID: 24694657 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the ability of a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and PAH-containing complex mixtures to induce double strand DNA breaks (DSBs) and repair of damaged DNA in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL12469 cells), we investigated the effect of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and extractable organic matter (EOM) from ambient air particles <2.5μm (PM2.5) on nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) and induction of stable chromosome aberrations (CAs). PM2.5 was collected in winter and summer 2011 in two Czech cities differing in levels and sources of air pollutants. The cells were treated for 24h with the following concentrations of tested chemicals: B[a]P: 1μM, 10μM, 25μM; EOMs: 1μg/ml, 10μg/ml, 25μg/ml. We tested several endpoints representing key steps leading from DSBs to the formation of CAs including histone H2AX phosphorylation, levels of proteins Ku70, Ku80 and XRCC4 participating in NHEJ, in vitro ligation activity of nuclear extracts of the HEL12469 cells and the frequency of stable CAs assessed by whole chromosome painting of chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 17 using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our results show that 25μM of B[a]P and most of the tested doses of EOMs induced DSBs as indicated by H2AX phosphorylation. DNA damage was accompanied by induction of XRCC4 expression and an increased frequency of CAs. Translocations most frequently affected chromosome 7. We observed only a weak induction of Ku70/80 expression as well as ligation activity of nuclear extracts. In summary, our data suggest the induction of DSBs and NHEJ after treatment of human embryonic lung fibroblasts with B[a]P and complex mixtures containing PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Rossner
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrea Rossnerova
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Beskid
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nana Tabashidze
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Libalova
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Uhlirova
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim J Sram
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
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40
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The Significance and Insignificance of Carbon Nanotube-Induced Inflammation. FIBERS 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/fib2010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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41
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Líbalová H, Krčková S, Uhlířová K, Milcová A, Schmuczerová J, Ciganek M, Kléma J, Machala M, Šrám RJ, Topinka J. Genotoxicity but not the AhR-mediated activity of PAHs is inhibited by other components of complex mixtures of ambient air pollutants. Toxicol Lett 2014; 225:350-7. [PMID: 24472612 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we compared the genotoxicity and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent transcriptional changes of selected target genes in human lung epithelial A549 cells incubated for 24 h, either with extractable organic matter (EOMs) from airborne particles <2.5 μm (PM2.5) collected at four localities from heavily polluted areas of the Czech Republic or two representative toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in EOMs, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]F). Genotoxic effects were determined using DNA adduct analysis or analysis of expression of selected AhR-related genes involved in bioactivation of PAHs (CYP1A1, CYP1B1) and transcriptional repression (TIPARP). Sampled localities differing in the extent and source of air pollution did not exhibit substantially different genotoxicity. DNA adduct levels induced by three subtoxic EOM concentrations were relatively low (1-5 adducts/10(8) nucleotides), compared to levels induced by similar concentrations of B[a]P, while B[k]F gave very low DNA adduct levels. Here, we compared genotoxicity and gene deregulation induced by complex mixtures containing PAHs with the effects of the comparable concentrations of individual PAHs. Our results suggested inhibition of formation of B[a]P-induced DNA adducts compared to individual B[a]P, probably attributable to competitive inhibition by other non-genotoxic EOM components. In contrast, induction of AhR target genes appeared not to be antagonized by the components of complex mixtures, as induction of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and TIPARP transcripts reached maximum levels induced by PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Líbalová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Krčková
- Department of Chemistry, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Uhlířová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Milcová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Schmuczerová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Department of Chemistry, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kléma
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo namesti 13, 121 35 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo namesti 13, 121 35 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radim J Šrám
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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42
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Hong G, Zhang W, Li H, Shen X, Guo Z. Separate enrichment analysis of pathways for up- and downregulated genes. J R Soc Interface 2013; 11:20130950. [PMID: 24352673 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two strategies are often adopted for enrichment analysis of pathways: the analysis of all differentially expressed (DE) genes together or the analysis of up- and downregulated genes separately. However, few studies have examined the rationales of these enrichment analysis strategies. Using both microarray and RNA-seq data, we show that gene pairs with functional links in pathways tended to have positively correlated expression levels, which could result in an imbalance between the up- and downregulated genes in particular pathways. We then show that the imbalance could greatly reduce the statistical power for finding disease-associated pathways through the analysis of all-DE genes. Further, using gene expression profiles from five types of tumours, we illustrate that the separate analysis of up- and downregulated genes could identify more pathways that are really pertinent to phenotypic difference. In conclusion, analysing up- and downregulated genes separately is more powerful than analysing all of the DE genes together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guini Hong
- Bioinformatics Centre, School of Life Science, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, , Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
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43
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Go YM, Orr M, Jones DP. Actin cytoskeleton redox proteome oxidation by cadmium. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305:L831-43. [PMID: 24077948 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00203.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies associate environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure with the risk of lung diseases. Although mechanisms are not fully elucidated, several studies demonstrate Cd effects on actin and actin-associated proteins. In a recent study of Cd at concentrations similar to environmental exposures, we found that redox-dependent inflammatory signaling by NF-κB was sensitive to the actin-disrupting agent, cytochalasin D. The goal of the present study was to use mass spectrometry-based redox proteomics to investigate Cd effects on the actin cytoskeleton proteome and related functional pathways in lung cells at low environmental concentrations. The results showed that Cd under conditions that did not alter total protein thiols or glutathione redox state caused significant oxidation of peptidyl Cys of proteins regulating actin cytoskeleton. Immunofluorescence microscopy of lung fibroblasts and pulmonary artery endothelial cells showed that low-dose Cd exposure stimulated filamentous actin formation and nuclear localization of destrin, an actin-depolymerizing factor. Taken together, the results show that redox states of peptidyl Cys in proteins associated with actin cytoskeleton pathways are selectively oxidized in lung by Cd at levels thought to occur from environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Go
- Emory Univ., 205 Whitehead Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322.
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44
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Rossner P, Mrhalkova A, Uhlirova K, Spatova M, Rossnerova A, Libalova H, Schmuczerova J, Milcova A, Topinka J, Sram RJ. Nucleotide excision repair is not induced in human embryonic lung fibroblasts treated with environmental pollutants. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69197. [PMID: 23894430 PMCID: PMC3716811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to genotoxic treatment depends on the cell line used. Although tumor cell lines are widely used for genotoxicity tests, the interpretation of the results may be potentially hampered by changes in cellular processes caused by malignant transformation. In our study we used normal human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL12469 cells) and tested their response to treatment with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and extractable organic matter (EOM) from ambient air particles <2.5 µm (PM2.5) collected in two Czech cities differing in levels and sources of air pollution. We analyzed multiple endpoints associated with exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including the levels of bulky DNA adducts and the nucleotide excision repair (NER) response [expression of XPE, XPC and XPA genes on the level of mRNA and proteins, unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS)]. EOMs were collected in the winter and summer of 2011 in two Czech cities with different levels and sources of air pollution. The effects of the studied compounds were analyzed in the presence (+S9) and absence (–S9) of the rat liver microsomal S9 fraction. The levels of bulky DNA adducts were highest after treatment with B[a]P, followed by winter EOMs; their induction by summer EOMs was weak. The induction of both mRNA and protein expression was observed, with the most pronounced effects after treatment with B[a]P (–S9); the response induced by EOMs from both cities and seasons was substantially weaker. The expression of DNA repair genes was not accompanied by the induction of UDS activity. In summary, our results indicate that the tested compounds induced low levels of DNA damage and affected the expression of NER genes; however, nucleotide excision repair was not induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Rossner
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic.
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45
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Topinka J, Milcova A, Schmuczerova J, Krouzek J, Hovorka J. Ultrafine particles are not major carriers of carcinogenic PAHs and their genotoxicity in size-segregated aerosols. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 754:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Huang YCT. The role of in vitro gene expression profiling in particulate matter health research. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2013; 16:381-394. [PMID: 24151968 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2013.832649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is consistently associated with increased morbidity and mortality rate. The mechanisms for these adverse health effects have been vigorously investigated for many years, but remain uncertain, in part due to the complex interactions between host and exposure. Over the past decade, the use of global gene expression profiling has increased to investigate molecular changes in an attempt to gain more insight into the complex mechanisms that underlie the adverse health effects induced by PM. These experiments have been performed mostly in cell cultures, in part due to the easy availability and maneuverability of different cell types. Whether or not the results obtained from these in vitro experiments are relevant to human exposure is unclear. In this study, cell culture studies were reviewed that used microarray technology to measure global gene expression in response to PM and the findings discussed in the context of global gene expression results obtained from animal and human exposure studies. Ten in vitro studies were identified from PubMed that reported global gene expression results in response to PM exposure. Despite difference in cell types, microarray platforms, incubation time, and PM sources and doses, these experiments showed commonality in the expression of genes and pathways, especially xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These gene expression profiles were consistent with results from animal and human controlled exposure experiments. The in vitro experiments also uncovered novel biological mechanisms that may be important in PM-induced health effects reported in epidemiological studies. Data indicate that in vitro microarray experiments complement animal and human exposure studies and allow the PM-associated health research to focus on the "toxic" components in PM and novel mechanisms, and may enhance risk assessment beyond the current mass-based standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Chin T Huang
- a Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , North Carolina , USA
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