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Ozdemir C, Kucuksezer UC, Ogulur I, Pat Y, Yazici D, Ardicli S, Akdis M, Nadeau K, Akdis CA. Lifestyle Changes and Industrialization in the Development of Allergic Diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024:10.1007/s11882-024-01149-7. [PMID: 38884832 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Modernization and Westernization in industrialized and developing nations is associated with a substantial increase in chronic noncommunicable diseases. This transformation has far-reaching effects on lifestyles, impacting areas such as economics, politics, social life, and culture, all of which, in turn, have diverse influences on public health. Loss of contact with nature, alternations in the microbiota, processed food consumption, exposure to environmental pollutants including chemicals, increased stress and decreased physical activity jointly result in increases in the frequency of inflammatory disorders including allergies and many autoimmune and neuropsychiatric diseases. This review aims to investigate the relationship between Western lifestyle and inflammatory disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Several hypotheses have been put forth trying to explain the observed increases in these diseases, such as 'Hygiene Hypothesis', 'Old Friends', and 'Biodiversity and Dysbiosis'. The recently introduced 'Epithelial Barrier Theory' incorporates these former hypotheses and suggests that toxic substances in cleaning agents, laundry and dishwasher detergents, shampoos, toothpastes, as well as microplastic, packaged food and air pollution damage the epithelium of our skin, lungs and gastrointestinal system. Epithelial barrier disruption leads to decreased biodiversity of the microbiome and the development of opportunistic pathogen colonization, which upon interaction with the immune system, initiates local and systemic inflammation. Gaining a deeper comprehension of the interplay between the environment, microbiome and the immune system provides the data to assist with legally regulating the usage of toxic substances, to enable nontoxic alternatives and to mitigate these environmental challenges essential for fostering a harmonious and healthy global environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child Health, Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Umut Can Kucuksezer
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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Zheng X, Chen M, Zhuang Y, Xu J, Zhao L, Qian Y, Shen W. Genetic associations between gut microbiota and allergic rhinitis: an LDSC and MR analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1395340. [PMID: 38855765 PMCID: PMC11157438 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have suggested a potential link between allergic rhinitis (AR) and gut microbiota. In response, we conducted a meta-analysis of Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC) and Mendelian randomization (MR) to detect their genetic associations. Methods Summary statistics for 211 gut microbiota taxa were gathered from the MiBioGen study, while data for AR were sourced from the Pan-UKB, the FinnGen, and the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Aging (GERA). The genetic correlation between gut microbiota and AR was assessed using LDSC. The principal estimate of causality was determined using the Inverse-Variance Weighted (IVW) method. To assess the robustness of these findings, sensitivity analyses were conducted employing methods such as the weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO. The summary effect estimates of LDSC, forward MR and reverse MR were combined using meta-analysis for AR from different data resources. Results Our study indicated a significant genetic correlation between genus Sellimonas (Rg = -0.64, p = 3.64 × 10-5, Adjust_P = 3.64 × 10-5) and AR, and a suggestive genetic correlation between seven bacterial taxa and AR. Moreover, the forward MR analysis identified genus Gordonibacter, genus Coprococcus2, genus LachnospiraceaeUCG010, genus Methanobrevibacter, and family Victivallaceae as being suggestively associated with an increased risk of AR. The reverse MR analysis indicated that AR was suggestively linked to an increased risk for genus Coprococcus2 and genus RuminococcaceaeUCG011. Conclusion Our findings indicate a causal relationship between specific gut microbiomes and AR. This enhances our understanding of the gut microbiota's contribution to the pathophysiology of AR and lays the groundwork for innovative approaches and theoretical models for future prevention and treatment strategies in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - WenMing Shen
- Emergency Department, Wujin People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Bu S, Beavers AW, Sugino KY, Keller SF, Alaimo K, Comstock SS. Influence of Compost Amendments on Soil and Human Gastrointestinal Bacterial Communities during a Single Gardening Season. Microorganisms 2024; 12:928. [PMID: 38792758 PMCID: PMC11123992 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
To measure associations between gardening with different compost amendments and the human gut microbiota composition, gardeners (n = 25) were provided with one of three types of compost: chicken manure (CM), dairy manure and plant material (DMP), or plant-based (P). Stool samples were collected before gardening (T1), after compost amendment (T2), and at peak garden harvest (T3). Compost and soil samples were collected. DNA was extracted, 16S rRNA libraries were established, and libraries were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq. Sequences were processed using mothur, and data were analyzed in R software version 4.2.2. Fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking analysis was used to determine stool bacteria sources. At T2/T3, the gut microbiotas of P participants had the lowest Shannon alpha diversity, which was also the trend at T1. In stool from T2, Ruminococcus 1 were less abundant in the microbiotas of those using P compost as compared to those using CM or DMP. At T2, Prevotella 9 had the highest abundance in the microbiotas of those using CM compost. In participants who used CM compost to amend their gardening plots, a larger proportion of the human stool bacteria were sourced from CM compared to soil. Soil exposure through gardening was associated with a small but detectable change in the gardeners' gut microbiota composition. These results suggest that human interactions with soil through gardening could potentially impact health through alterations to the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Bu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.B.); (K.Y.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Alyssa W. Beavers
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kameron Y. Sugino
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.B.); (K.Y.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Sarah F. Keller
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.B.); (K.Y.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Katherine Alaimo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.B.); (K.Y.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.B.); (K.Y.S.); (K.A.)
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Klain A, Senatore AA, Licari A, Galletta F, Bettini I, Tomei L, Manti S, Mori F, Miraglia del Giudice M, Indolfi C. The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:469. [PMID: 38671686 PMCID: PMC11048898 DOI: 10.3390/children11040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This review provides a concise overview of preventive measures against dust mite allergies in pediatric populations, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive and evolving approach. Dust mites, ubiquitous microscopic arachnids, pose a significant threat to children's health, triggering allergies and asthma. Traditional preventive strategies such as regular cleaning, mattress covers, and humidity control are essential but warrant refinement. Empowering children through personalized hygiene education and exploring innovative bedding solutions showcase a forward-thinking paradigm. Collaboration with healthcare professionals and embracing technology-driven solutions ensures a holistic and adaptable approach to safeguarding pediatric health against dust mite-related ailments. This abstract underscores the importance of continually reassessing and innovating preventive measures to create resilient and health-conscious living environments for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Klain
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.K.); (C.I.)
| | - Antonio Andrea Senatore
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.A.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Amelia Licari
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.A.S.); (A.L.)
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Galletta
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Irene Bettini
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Tomei
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Sara Manti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Francesca Mori
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Michele Miraglia del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.K.); (C.I.)
| | - Cristiana Indolfi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.K.); (C.I.)
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Robinson JM, Breed AC, Camargo A, Redvers N, Breed MF. Biodiversity and human health: A scoping review and examples of underrepresented linkages. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118115. [PMID: 38199470 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence supports the connections between exposure to environmental typologies(such as green and blue spaces)and human health. However, the mechanistic links that connect biodiversity (the variety of life) and human health, and the extent of supporting evidence remain less clear. Here, we undertook a scoping review to map the links between biodiversity and human health and summarise the levels of associated evidence using an established weight of evidence framework. Distinct from other reviews, we provide additional context regarding the environment-microbiome-health axis, evaluate the environmental buffering pathway (e.g., biodiversity impacts on air pollution), and provide examples of three under- or minimally-represented linkages. The examples are (1) biodiversity and Indigenous Peoples' health, (2) biodiversity and urban social equity, and (3) biodiversity and COVID-19. We observed a moderate level of evidence to support the environmental microbiota-human health pathway and a moderate-high level of evidence to support broader nature pathways (e.g., greenspace) to various health outcomes, from stress reduction to enhanced wellbeing and improved social cohesion. However, studies of broader nature pathways did not typically include specific biodiversity metrics, indicating clear research gaps. Further research is required to understand the connections and causative pathways between biodiversity (e.g., using metrics such as taxonomy, diversity/richness, structure, and function) and health outcomes. There are well-established frameworks to assess the effects of broad classifications of nature on human health. These can assist future research in linking biodiversity metrics to human health outcomes. Our examples of underrepresented linkages highlight the roles of biodiversity and its loss on urban lived experiences, infectious diseases, and Indigenous Peoples' sovereignty and livelihoods. More research and awareness of these socioecological interconnections are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake M Robinson
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
| | - Andrew C Breed
- Epidemiology and One Health Section, Department of Agriculture, Water, and the Environment, Canberra, ACT, Australia; School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia
| | | | - Nicole Redvers
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Martin F Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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Milani TMS, Sandy CM, Calazans APCT, Silva RQ, Fonseca VMB, Martins FS, Borges MC. Dose-Response Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 on the Prevention of Asthma in an Animal Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:53-61. [PMID: 36445686 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics should be administered in adequate amounts to confer health benefits. Probiotic dose-response studies are still missing. Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 prevented asthma development; however, the ideal dose has not been investigated. We evaluated the optimal dose and administration regimen of S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 in the prevention of asthma. Male Balb/c mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) and challenged with OVA intranasally. Mice received, via gavage, daily or alternate-day S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905. In daily regimen, different concentrations (107, 108, or 109 CFU/mL) were given 10 days before OVA sensitization and during challenges. In alternate-day regimen, a concentration of 109 CFU/mL was administered three times per week for 5 weeks, starting 2 weeks prior to the first sensitization. After the last challenge, in vivo bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway and lung inflammation were assessed. OVA-challenged mice, when compared to saline-challenged mice, presented a significant increase in bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway and lung inflammation. Daily and alternate-day administration of 109 CFU/mL of S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 significantly reduced bronchial hyperresponsiveness; lower concentrations of S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 did not significantly reduce bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Daily regimen with the highest concentration significantly reduced total cell number, eosinophil count in the BAL, and the levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Daily administration of S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 at 107 and 108 CFU/mL and alternate-day regimen did not significantly decrease airway and lung inflammation. S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 led to a significant attenuation of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires M S Milani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila M Sandy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Q Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M B Fonseca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flaviano S Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, São Paulo, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos C Borges
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Bazdar S, van den Berg S, Rutjes NW, Bloemsma LD, Downward GS, De Weger LA, Terheggen-Lagro SWJ, van Wijck Y, Maitland van der Zee AH, Kapitein B. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on PICU admissions for severe asthma exacerbations: A single-center experience. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:263-273. [PMID: 37937901 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of severe asthma exacerbations (SAE) requiring a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (and its association with public restrictions) is largely unknown. We examined the trend of SAE requiring PICU admission before, during, and after COVID-19 restrictions in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its relationship with features such as environmental triggers and changes in COVID-19 restriction measures. METHODS In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, all PICU admissions of children aged ≥2 years for severe asthma at the Amsterdam UMC between 2018 and 2022 were included. The concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and pollen were obtained from official monitoring stations. RESULTS Between January 2018 and December 2022, 228 children were admitted to the PICU of the Amsterdam UMC for SAE. While we observed a decrease in admissions during periods of more stringent restriction, there was an increase in the PICU admission rate for SAE in some periods following the lifting of restrictions. In particular, following the COVID-19 restrictions in 2021, we observed a peak incidence of admissions from August to November, which was higher than any other peak during the indicated years. No association with air pollution or pollen was observed. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that an increase in clinically diagnosed viral infections after lockdown periods was the reason for the altered incidence of SAE at the PICU in late 2021, rather than air pollution and pollen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Bazdar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah van den Berg
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels W Rutjes
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lizan D Bloemsma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - George S Downward
- Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Global Public Health & Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Letty A De Weger
- Department of Pulmonology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne W J Terheggen-Lagro
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda van Wijck
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anke H Maitland van der Zee
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Berber Kapitein
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Haahtela T, Bousquet J, Antó JM. From biodiversity to nature deficiency in human health and disease. Porto Biomed J 2024; 9:245. [PMID: 38344457 PMCID: PMC10857682 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nature (biodiversity) loss is the loss or decline of the state of nature taking place in the wider environment. We present a novel concept, nature deficiency, referring to nature loss in the human body influencing health. Humans are connected with the natural environment and its microbes and biogenic chemicals through eating (drinking), breathing, and touching. The mental and sociocultural links to the environment are also strong. With medical and ecological research and guidelines, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of nature deficiency may become part of the clinical practice. Nature prescription is likely to find plausible forms in patient care and inspire preventive actions at the society level. Health professionals are in a key position to integrate public health promotion and environmental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), Montpellier, France
| | - Josep M. Antó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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Zhang G, Le Souëf P. The influence of modern living conditions on the human microbiome and potential therapeutic opportunities for allergy prevention. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100857. [PMID: 38235259 PMCID: PMC10793171 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern living conditions and the recent surge in global urbanization have transformed the human microbiome. This transformation is believed to be a significant factor in the recent spike of common chronic inflammatory diseases like asthma and allergies worldwide, evident in both developed and developing nations. Immigrants from less developed regions who settle in highly urbanized and affluent areas present an ideal demographic for research. Investigating immigrant populations can yield valuable insights, particularly when studying microbiome changes that occur as individuals transition from areas with low asthma prevalence to regions with a high prevalence of the condition. The application of prebiotics and probiotics as potential treatments for asthma and allergies faces challenges. This is due to the complex interplay of numerous factors that contribute to their aetiology. Exploring the interaction between the human microbiome and potential epigenetic changes in specific populations, such as immigrants adapting to new, urbanized environments, may offer crucial insights. Such research could underscore the role of prebiotics and probiotics in preventing allergic conditions. Recognizing the changes in the human microbiome in the context of a Western/modern environment might be essential in addressing the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases. Persistent research in this domain is pivotal for devising effective interventions such as dietary supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guicheng Zhang
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia
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Koga T, Kawahara N, Aburada M, Ono A, Mae S, Yoshida A, Iwaoka Y, Ito H, Tai A. Antiallergic Activity of 3- O-Dodecyl-l-ascorbic Acid. Molecules 2023; 29:69. [PMID: 38202652 PMCID: PMC10779884 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
2-O-Alkyl-l-ascorbic acids and 3-O-alkyl-l-ascorbic acids were synthesized, and their degranulation inhibitory activities were evaluated. Among ascorbic acid derivatives with butyl, octyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl groups introduced at the C-2 or C-3 positions, an AA derivative with a dodecyl group introduced at the C-3 position, 3-O-dodecyl-l-ascorbic acid (compound 8), showed the strongest inhibitory activity against antigen-stimulated degranulation. Compound 8 also inhibited calcium ionophore-stimulated degranulation. Compound 11, in which the hydroxyl group at the C-6 position of compound 8 was substituted with an amino group, and compound 12, in which the dodecyloxy group at the C-3 position of compound 8 was exchanged with a dodecylamino group, were synthesized, and these derivatives showed weaker inhibitory activity against antigen-stimulated degranulation than that of compound 8. In addition, orally administered compound 8 inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions in mice with a potency equal to that of oxatomide, an antiallergic agent. These results suggest that compound 8 may be a candidate for antiallergic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Koga
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-Cho, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan;
| | - Naoaki Kawahara
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-Cho, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Mei Aburada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka-Cho, Shobara 727-0023, Japan
| | - Asako Ono
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka-Cho, Shobara 727-0023, Japan
| | - Shiori Mae
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka-Cho, Shobara 727-0023, Japan
| | - Aina Yoshida
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-Cho, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Yuji Iwaoka
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan; (Y.I.); (H.I.)
| | - Hideyuki Ito
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan; (Y.I.); (H.I.)
| | - Akihiro Tai
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-Cho, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan;
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka-Cho, Shobara 727-0023, Japan
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Conte M, Varraso R, Fournier A, Rothwell JA, Baglietto L, Fornili M, Sbidian E, Severi G. A prospective study of the association between living in a rural environment during childhood and risk of psoriasis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117062. [PMID: 37660877 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Living in a rural environment during childhood is associated with a decreased risk of certain IMIDs, like asthma, in adulthood. However, its role in other IMIDs, such as psoriasis is still unclear. To evaluate the relationships between different factors related to the environment during childhood and the risk of psoriasis in adulthood we conducted a study in E3N, a French prospective cohort composed of 98 995 women. During the 1990-2018 follow-up of 72 154 study participants, we identified 1 967 incident cases of psoriasis from self-reports in self-administered structured questionnaires. During the 2004-2018 follow-up of 67 917 study participants, 188 moderate-to-severe cases of psoriasis were identified through self-reports and from data from a drug reimbursement database. We fitted Cox proportional hazards regression models with age as the time scale from which we estimated hazard ratios adjusted for putative confounders (aHRs). We found inverse associations with risk of psoriasis for rural birthplace [aHR: 0.89 (95%CI: 0.79-0.96)] and for having farming parents [aHR: 0.84 (95%CI: 0.72-0.97)]. For moderate-to-severe psoriasis we found a nominally similar inverse association with rural birthplace but not with having farming parents. Our results suggest that an exposure to a rural environment during childhood may be associated with a reduced risk of psoriasis. These findings may help to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Conte
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Exposome and Heredity team, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, CESP, Villejuif, 94807, France
| | - Agnès Fournier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Exposome and Heredity team, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Exposome and Heredity team, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Marco Fornili
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Emilie Sbidian
- Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Dermatology, Créteil, 94010, France; Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), Epidemiology in Dermatology and Evaluation of Therapeutics (Epi-DermE), Créteil, 94010, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Exposome and Heredity team, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications « G. Parenti », University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy.
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12
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Pawankar R, Akdis CA. Climate change and the epithelial barrier theory in allergic diseases: A One Health approach to a green environment. Allergy 2023; 78:2829-2834. [PMID: 37675628 DOI: 10.1111/all.15885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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13
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Jutel M, Agache I, Zemelka-Wiacek M, Akdis M, Chivato T, Del Giacco S, Gajdanowicz P, Gracia IE, Klimek L, Lauerma A, Ollert M, O'Mahony L, Schwarze J, Shamji MH, Skypala I, Palomares O, Pfaar O, Torres MJ, Bernstein JA, Cruz AA, Durham SR, Galli SJ, Gómez RM, Guttman-Yassky E, Haahtela T, Holgate ST, Izuhara K, Kabashima K, Larenas-Linnemann DE, von Mutius E, Nadeau KC, Pawankar R, Platts-Mills TAE, Sicherer SH, Park HS, Vieths S, Wong G, Zhang L, Bilò MB, Akdis CA. Nomenclature of allergic diseases and hypersensitivity reactions: Adapted to modern needs: An EAACI position paper. Allergy 2023; 78:2851-2874. [PMID: 37814905 DOI: 10.1111/all.15889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The exponential growth of precision diagnostic tools, including omic technologies, molecular diagnostics, sophisticated genetic and epigenetic editing, imaging and nano-technologies and patient access to extensive health care, has resulted in vast amounts of unbiased data enabling in-depth disease characterization. New disease endotypes have been identified for various allergic diseases and triggered the gradual transition from a disease description focused on symptoms to identifying biomarkers and intricate pathogenetic and metabolic pathways. Consequently, the current disease taxonomy has to be revised for better categorization. This European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Position Paper responds to this challenge and provides a modern nomenclature for allergic diseases, which respects the earlier classifications back to the early 20th century. Hypersensitivity reactions originally described by Gell and Coombs have been extended into nine different types comprising antibody- (I-III), cell-mediated (IVa-c), tissue-driven mechanisms (V-VI) and direct response to chemicals (VII). Types I-III are linked to classical and newly described clinical conditions. Type IVa-c are specified and detailed according to the current understanding of T1, T2 and T3 responses. Types V-VI involve epithelial barrier defects and metabolic-induced immune dysregulation, while direct cellular and inflammatory responses to chemicals are covered in type VII. It is notable that several combinations of mixed types may appear in the clinical setting. The clinical relevance of the current approach for allergy practice will be conferred in another article that will follow this year, aiming at showing the relevance in clinical practice where various endotypes can overlap and evolve over the lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ioana Agache
- Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, Brasov, Romania
| | | | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tomás Chivato
- School of Medicine, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Del Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "Duilio Casula", Monserrato, Italy
| | - Pawel Gajdanowicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ibon Eguiluz Gracia
- Allergy Unit, UMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, IBIMA-BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Antti Lauerma
- Department of Dermatology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense, Denmark
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Child Life and Health, Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mohamed H Shamji
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Isabel Skypala
- Department of Inflammation and Repair, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Part of Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maria Jose Torres
- Allergy Unit, UMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, IBIMA-BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Alvaro A Cruz
- Fundaçao ProAR, Federal University of Bahia and GARD/WHO Planning Group, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Stephen R Durham
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephen T Holgate
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Désirée E Larenas-Linnemann
- Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy, Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erica von Mutius
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giesen, Germany
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomas A E Platts-Mills
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Scott H Sicherer
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Gary Wong
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - M Beatrice Bilò
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona and Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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14
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Marques Dos Santos M, Pivniouk V, Rankl B, Walker A, Pagani G, Hertkorn N, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Müller C, Bracher F, Merl-Pham J, Hauck SM, Schloter M, Michael AN, Anderson D, Honeker L, Gozdz J, Pivniouk O, Ober C, Holbreich M, Martinez FD, Snyder SA, von Mutius E, Vercelli D. Asthma-protective agents in dust from traditional farm environments. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:610-621. [PMID: 37271318 PMCID: PMC10680491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing up on traditional European or US Amish dairy farms in close contact with cows and hay protects children against asthma, and airway administration of extracts from dust collected from cowsheds of those farms prevents allergic asthma in mice. OBJECTIVES This study sought to begin identifying farm-derived asthma-protective agents. METHODS Our work unfolded along 2 unbiased and independent but complementary discovery paths. Dust extracts (DEs) from protective and nonprotective farms (European and Amish cowsheds vs European sheep sheds) were analyzed by comparative nuclear magnetic resonance profiling and differential proteomics. Bioactivity-guided size fractionation focused on protective Amish cowshed DEs. Multiple in vitro and in vivo functional assays were used in both paths. Some of the proteins thus identified were characterized by in-solution and in-gel sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis enzymatic digestion/peptide mapping followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The cargo carried by these proteins was analyzed by untargeted liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. RESULTS Twelve carrier proteins of animal and plant origin, including the bovine lipocalins Bos d 2 and odorant binding protein, were enriched in DEs from protective European cowsheds. A potent asthma-protective fraction of Amish cowshed DEs (≈0.5% of the total carbon content of unfractionated extracts) contained 7 animal and plant proteins, including Bos d 2 and odorant binding protein loaded with fatty acid metabolites from plants, bacteria, and fungi. CONCLUSIONS Animals and plants from traditional farms produce proteins that transport hydrophobic microbial and plant metabolites. When delivered to mucosal surfaces, these agents might regulate airway responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vadim Pivniouk
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Bettina Rankl
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alesia Walker
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, BGC, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Giulia Pagani
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Hertkorn
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, BGC, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany; ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ashley N Michael
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Dayna Anderson
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Linnea Honeker
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; Biosphere2, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Justyna Gozdz
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Oksana Pivniouk
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Fernando D Martinez
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; The BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center-Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - Donata Vercelli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; The BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Diseases, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.
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15
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Martín-Masot R, Díaz-Martín JJ, Santamaría-Orleans A, Navas-López VM. Spanish Pediatricians' Positions Regarding Prevention, Diagnosis, Nutritional Management, and Challenges in Cow's Milk Protein Allergy. Nutrients 2023; 15:3586. [PMID: 37630776 PMCID: PMC10458855 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) can vary depending on the experience and area of expertise of the clinician responsible for the patient's follow-up, which may or may not align with the recently published literature. To analyze the perspectives of Spanish pediatricians on this topic, a survey was conducted. The survey aimed to determine the current opinions and attitudes of 222 primary care and hospital pediatricians toward CMPA prevention and nutritional management. Participating pediatricians completed the questionnaire, providing insights into their daily clinical practices, including access to testing, attitudes with respect to various aspects of CMPA diagnosis, prevention, oral food challenges, and treatment. The findings revealed that pediatricians generally agree on the use of extensively hydrolyzed formulas (eHFs) to prevent CMPA in high-risk atopic children, despite limited evidence supporting the widespread use of this practice. However, consensus was lacking regarding the utility of formulas with prebiotics and probiotics for expediting tolerance development. In most cases, pediatricians preferred eHFs for the nutritional management of CMPA, followed by hydrolyzed rice formulas (HRFs), with amino-acid-based formulas (AAFs) being the third option. Certain issues remained controversial among pediatricians, such as prevention methods, symptom assessment, and the role of probiotics. These variations in management approaches reflect the influence of clinician experience and area of expertise, underscoring the need for standardized guidelines in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Martín-Masot
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29011 Málaga, Spain (V.M.N.-L.)
| | - Juan José Díaz-Martín
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Manuel Navas-López
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29011 Málaga, Spain (V.M.N.-L.)
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16
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Antó JM, Pearce N, Douwes J, Garcia-Aymerich J, Pembrey L, Richiardi L, Sunyer J. Why has epidemiology not (yet) succeeded in identifying the origin of the asthma epidemic? Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:974-983. [PMID: 37004248 PMCID: PMC10396414 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Antó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucy Pembrey
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, and CPO-Piemonte, Torino, Italy
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Peñaranda A, Pérez-Herrera LC, Gantiva M, Moreno-López S, Manrique J, Peñaranda D, García E. Factors associated with allergic rhinitis and combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS) in adults undergoing immunotherapy in a tropical country: Is ISAAC-III questionnaire useful in adult populations? Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:78-86. [PMID: 37422783 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i4.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases affect about 10-30% of the population in low- or middle-income tropical countries. Few studies describe the factors associated with allergic diseases in adult patients undergoing immunotherapy in Latin American countries. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the factors associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) and AR in comorbidity with asthma (CARAS) in adults treated with immunotherapy in two allergy referral centers in Bogotá (Colombia). MATERIAL AND METHODS Observational, cross-sectional study conducted between January 2018 and January 2019. ISAAC-III and sociodemographic questionnaires were applied to determine the factors associated with AR and CARAS in adults treated with immunotherapy who attended the allergy consult at the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and Unimeq-Orl. RESULTS Among 416 adults aged 18-68 years, 71.4% (n = 297) were women. Regarding the sensitization results obtained by skin prick test, the most frequent allergens were house dust mites (64.18%): 49.03% were positive for both Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, while 28.61% were positive for Blomia tropicalis. Excluding house dust mites, the most frequent allergens were dog hair (31.01%), cat hair (15.1%), grasses (15.9%), and food (15.9%). The main factor associated with exclusive AR was regular acetaminophen use more than four times a year: Prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.77 (95% CI: 1.12-2.25). The main factor associated with CARAS was cesarean delivery PR: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.09-1.78). CONCLUSION The main factor associated with AR was regular acetaminophen use, while that associated with CARAS was cesarean delivery. The ISAAC-III questionnaire can be a useful low-cost tool to assess the factors associated with allergic diseases in adults in tropical countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Peñaranda
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departmen of Otolaryngology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- Allergy and Otolaryngology Research Groups, UNIMEQ-ORL, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lucía C Pérez-Herrera
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departmen of Otolaryngology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuela Gantiva
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departmen of Otolaryngology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- Section of Otolaryngology, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sergio Moreno-López
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departmen of Otolaryngology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julian Manrique
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Allergy section, Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Peñaranda
- Allergy and Otolaryngology Research Groups, UNIMEQ-ORL, Bogotá, Colombia
- Section of Otolaryngology, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Elizabeth García
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departmen of Otolaryngology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- Section of Otolaryngology, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia;
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18
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Wenger M, Grosse-Kathoefer S, Kraiem A, Pelamatti E, Nunes N, Pointner L, Aglas L. When the allergy alarm bells toll: The role of Toll-like receptors in allergic diseases and treatment. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1204025. [PMID: 37426425 PMCID: PMC10325731 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1204025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors of the human immune system are specialized pathogen detectors able to link innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR ligands include among others bacteria-, mycoplasma- or virus-derived compounds such as lipids, lipo- and glycoproteins and nucleic acids. Not only are genetic variations in TLR-related genes associated with the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis, their expression also differs between allergic and non-allergic individuals. Due to a complex interplay of genes, environmental factors, and allergen sources the interpretation of TLRs involved in immunoglobulin E-mediated diseases remains challenging. Therefore, it is imperative to dissect the role of TLRs in allergies. In this review, we discuss i) the expression of TLRs in organs and cell types involved in the allergic immune response, ii) their involvement in modulating allergy-associated or -protective immune responses, and iii) how differential activation of TLRs by environmental factors, such as microbial, viral or air pollutant exposure, results in allergy development. However, we focus on iv) allergen sources interacting with TLRs, and v) how targeting TLRs could be employed in novel therapeutic strategies. Understanding the contributions of TLRs to allergy development allow the identification of knowledge gaps, provide guidance for ongoing research efforts, and built the foundation for future exploitation of TLRs in vaccine design.
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19
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Avizemel O, Frishman S, Pinto Y, Michael Y, Turjeman S, Tenenbaum-Gavish K, Yariv O, Peled Y, Poran E, Pardo J, Chen R, Hod M, Schwartz B, Hadar E, Koren O, Agay-Shay K. "Residential greenness, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and microbiome diversity during pregnancy". Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 251:114191. [PMID: 37290331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with reduced gut microbiota richness that was also reported to differ significantly between those living in rural compared to urban environments. Therefore, our aim was to examine the associations between greenness and maternal blood glucose levels and GDM, with microbiome diversity as a possible mediator in these associations. METHODS Pregnant women were recruited between January 2016 and October 2017. Residential greenness was evaluated as mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within 100, 300 and 500 m buffers surrounding each maternal residential address. Maternal glucose levels were measured at 24-28 weeks of gestation and GDM was diagnosed. We estimated the associations between greenness and glucose levels and GDM using generalized linear models, adjusting for socioeconomic status and season at last menstrual period. Using causal mediation analysis, the mediation effects of four different indices of microbiome alpha diversity in first trimester stool and saliva samples were assessed. RESULTS Of 269 pregnant women, 27 participants (10.04%) were diagnosed with GDM. Although not statistically significant, adjusted exposure to medium tertile levels of mean NDVI at 300 m buffer had lower odds of GDM (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.16, 1.26, p = 0.13) and decreased change in mean glucose levels (β = -6.28, 95% CI: 14.91, 2.24, p = 0.15) compared to the lowest tertile levels of mean NDVI. Mixed results were observed at 100 and 500 m buffers, and when comparing highest tertile levels to lowest. No mediation effect of first trimester microbiome on the association between residential greenness and GDM was observed, and a small, possibly incidental, mediation effect on glucose levels was observed. CONCLUSION Our study suggests possible associations between residential greenness and glucose intolerance and risk of GDM, though without sufficient evidence. Microbiome in the first trimester, while involved in GDM etiology, is not a mediator in these associations. Future studies in larger populations should further examine these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Avizemel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; The Health & Environment Research (HER) Lab, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
| | - Sigal Frishman
- Institute of Biochemistry, School of Nutritional Sciences Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel; Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yishay Pinto
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Yaron Michael
- Department of Soil & Water Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Kinneret Tenenbaum-Gavish
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Or Yariv
- Department of Soil & Water Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoav Peled
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Clalit Medical Services, Dan Petach-Tikva District, Israel
| | - Eran Poran
- Clalit Medical Services, Dan Petach-Tikva District, Israel
| | - Joseph Pardo
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Clalit Medical Services, Dan Petach-Tikva District, Israel
| | - Rony Chen
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Moshe Hod
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Betty Schwartz
- Institute of Biochemistry, School of Nutritional Sciences Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Hadar
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Omry Koren
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Keren Agay-Shay
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; The Health & Environment Research (HER) Lab, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
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20
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Parker W, Patel E, Jirků-Pomajbíková K, Laman JD. COVID-19 morbidity in lower versus higher income populations underscores the need to restore lost biodiversity of eukaryotic symbionts. iScience 2023; 26:106167. [PMID: 36785786 PMCID: PMC9908430 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The avoidance of infectious disease by widespread use of 'systems hygiene', defined by hygiene-enhancing technology such as sewage systems, water treatment facilities, and secure food storage containers, has led to a dramatic decrease in symbiotic helminths and protists in high-income human populations. Over a half-century of research has revealed that this 'biota alteration' leads to altered immune function and a propensity for chronic inflammatory diseases, including allergic, autoimmune and neuropsychiatric disorders. A recent Ethiopian study (EClinicalMedicine 39: 101054), validating predictions made by several laboratories, found that symbiotic helminths and protists were associated with a reduced risk of severe COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio = 0.35; p<0.0001). Thus, it is now apparent that 'biome reconstitution', defined as the artificial re-introduction of benign, symbiotic helminths or protists into the ecosystem of the human body, is important not only for alleviation of chronic immune disease, but likely also for pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kateřina Jirků-Pomajbíková
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jon D. Laman
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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21
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Haahtela T, Alenius H, Auvinen P, Fyhrquist N, von Hertzen L, Jousilahti P, Karisola P, Laatikainen T, Lehtimäki J, Paalanen L, Ruokolainen L, Saarinen K, Valovirta E, Vasankari T, Vlasoff T, Erhola M, Bousquet J, Vartiainen E, Mäkelä MJ. A short history from Karelia study to biodiversity and public health interventions. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1152927. [PMID: 36998574 PMCID: PMC10043497 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1152927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact with natural environments enriches the human microbiome, promotes immune balance and protects against allergies and inflammatory disorders. In Finland, the allergy & asthma epidemic became slowly visible in mid 1960s. After the World War II, Karelia was split into Finnish and Soviet Union (now Russia) territories. This led to more marked environmental and lifestyle changes in the Finnish compared with Russian Karelia. The Karelia Allergy Study 2002–2022 showed that allergic conditions were much more common on the Finnish side. The Russians had richer gene-microbe network and interaction than the Finns, which associated with better balanced immune regulatory circuits and lower allergy prevalence. In the Finnish adolescents, a biodiverse natural environment around the homes associated with lower occurrence of allergies. Overall, the plausible explanation of the allergy disparity was the prominent change in environment and lifestyle in the Finnish Karelia from 1940s to 1980s. The nationwide Finnish Allergy Programme 2008–2018 implemented the biodiversity hypothesis into practice by endorsing immune tolerance, nature contacts, and allergy health with favorable results. A regional health and environment programme, Nature Step to Health 2022–2032, has been initiated in the City of Lahti, EU Green Capital 2021. The programme integrates prevention of chronic diseases (asthma, diabetes, obesity, depression), nature loss, and climate crisis in the spirit of Planetary Health. Allergic diseases exemplify inappropriate immunological responses to natural environment. Successful management of the epidemics of allergy and other non-communicable diseases may pave the way to improve human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: Tari Haahtela
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petri Auvinen
- DNA Sequencing and GenomicsLaboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nanna Fyhrquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Piia Karisola
- Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Laura Paalanen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lasse Ruokolainen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Erkka Valovirta
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Clinical Allergology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Allergy Clinic, Terveystalo, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Vasankari
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Clinical Allergology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Finnish Lung Health Association (FILHA), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Vlasoff
- North Karelia Centre for Public Health, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Marina Erhola
- Pirkanmaa Joint Authority for Health Services and Social Welfare, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Institute of Allergology, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Erkki Vartiainen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika J. Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Grierson J, Flies EJ, Bissett A, Ammitzboll H, Jones P. Which soil microbiome? Bacteria, fungi, and protozoa communities show different relationships with urban green space type and use-intensity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160468. [PMID: 36464041 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to diverse microbial communities early in life can help support healthy human immune function. Soil microbiomes in public and private urban green spaces are potentially important sources of contact with diverse microbiomes for much of the global population. However, we lack understanding of how soil microbial communities vary across and within urban green spaces, and whether these patterns vary across microbial kingdoms; closing this knowledge gap may help us optimise green spaces' capacities to provide this ecosystem service. Here we explore the diversity and community compositions of soil microbiomes across urban green space types in Tasmania, Australia. Specifically, we analysed soil bacterial, fungal, and protozoan diversity and composition across private backyards and public parks. Within parks, we conducted separate sampling for areas of high and low intensity use. We found that: (i) bacteria, fungi, and protozoa showed different patterns of variation, (ii) bacterial alpha-diversity was lowest in low-intensity use areas of parks, (iii) there was relatively little variation in the community composition across backyards, and high and low intensity-use park areas and (iv) neither human-associated bacteria, nor potential microbial community function of bacteria and fungi differed significantly across green space types. To our knowledge, this is the first urban soil microbiome analysis which analyses these three soil microbial kingdoms simultaneously across public and private green space types and within public spaces according to intensity of use. These findings demonstrate how green space type and use intensity may impact on soil microbial diversity and composition, and thus may influence our opportunity to gain healthy exposure to diverse environmental microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Grierson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; Healthy Landscapes Research Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia.
| | - Emily J Flies
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; Healthy Landscapes Research Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | - Andrew Bissett
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Hans Ammitzboll
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | - Penelope Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; Healthy Landscapes Research Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia
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23
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Zimmermann EJ, Candeias J, Gawlitta N, Bisig C, Binder S, Pantzke J, Offer S, Rastak N, Bauer S, Huber A, Kuhn E, Buters J, Groeger T, Delaval MN, Oeder S, Di Bucchianico S, Zimmermann R. Biological impact of sequential exposures to allergens and ultrafine particle-rich combustion aerosol on human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells at the air liquid interface. J Appl Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 36869434 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases is constantly increasing since few decades. Anthropogenic ultrafine particles (UFPs) and allergenic aerosols is highly involved in this increase; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms are not yet understood. Studies observing these effects focused mainly on singular in vivo or in vitro exposures of single particle sources, while there is only limited evidence on their subsequent or combined effects. Our study aimed at evaluating the effect of subsequent exposures to allergy-related anthropogenic and biogenic aerosols on cellular mechanism exposed at air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions. Bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to UFP-rich combustion aerosols for 2 h with or without allergen pre-exposure to birch pollen extract (BPE) or house dust mite extract (HDME). The physicochemical properties of the generated particles were characterized by state-of-the-art analytical instrumentation. We evaluated the cellular response in terms of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and in-depth gene expression profiling. We observed that single exposures with UFP, BPE, and HDME cause genotoxicity. Exposure to UFP induced pro-inflammatory canonical pathways, shifting to a more xenobiotic-related response with longer preincubation time. With additional allergen exposure, the modulation of pro-inflammatory and xenobiotic signaling was more pronounced and appeared faster. Moreover, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling activation showed to be an important feature of UFP toxicity, which was especially pronounced upon pre-exposure. In summary, we were able to demonstrate the importance of subsequent exposure studies to understand realistic exposure situations and to identify possible adjuvant allergic effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Josef Zimmermann
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Joana Candeias
- Center for Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University Munich, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Nadine Gawlitta
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bisig
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Binder
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jana Pantzke
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Svenja Offer
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Narges Rastak
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bauer
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anja Huber
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Evelyn Kuhn
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jeroen Buters
- Center for Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University Munich, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Thomas Groeger
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mathilde N Delaval
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Oeder
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sebastiano Di Bucchianico
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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24
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Burbank AJ, Hernandez ML, Jefferson A, Perry TT, Phipatanakul W, Poole J, Matsui EC. Environmental justice and allergic disease: A Work Group Report of the AAAAI Environmental Exposure and Respiratory Health Committee and the Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Committee. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:656-670. [PMID: 36584926 PMCID: PMC9992350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Environmental justice is the concept that all people have the right to live in a healthy environment, to be protected against environmental hazards, and to participate in decisions affecting their communities. Communities of color and low-income populations live, work, and play in environments with disproportionate exposure to hazards associated with allergic disease. This unequal distribution of hazards has contributed to health disparities and is largely the result of systemic racism that promotes segregation of neighborhoods, disinvestment in predominantly racial/ethnic minority neighborhoods, and discriminatory housing, employment, and lending practices. The AAAAI Environmental Exposure and Respiratory Health Committee and Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Committee jointly developed this report to improve allergy/immunology specialists' awareness of environmental injustice, its roots in systemic racism, and its impact on health disparities in allergic disease. We present evidence supporting the relationship between exposure to environmental hazards, particularly at the neighborhood level, and the disproportionately high incidence and poor outcomes from allergic diseases in marginalized populations. Achieving environmental justice requires investment in at-risk communities to increase access to safe housing, clean air and water, employment opportunities, education, nutrition, and health care. Through policies that promote environmental justice, we can achieve greater health equity in allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Burbank
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Children's Research Institute, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Michelle L Hernandez
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Children's Research Institute, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Akilah Jefferson
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark; Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Ark
| | - Tamara T Perry
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark; Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Ark
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jill Poole
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Elizabeth C Matsui
- Departments of Population Health and Pediatrics, Dell Medical School at University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
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25
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Cao NW, Zhou HY, Du YJ, Li XB, Chu XJ, Li BZ. The effect of greenness on allergic rhinitis outcomes in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160244. [PMID: 36402344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between greenness and health emerges as new public health concern. More published studies from multiple areas have explored the relationship between greenness and allergic rhinitis (AR) in children and adolescents. This study aims to determine the association between greenness and allergic rhinitis by systematic review and meta-analysis, in order to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the impact of greenness on AR in children and adolescents. METHODS The relative literature was systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Web of science lastly on September 25, 2022. Terms related to greenness and allergic rhinitis were used for searching. Summary effect estimates of greenness on AR in children and adolescents were calculated for per 10 % increase of greenness exposure with different buffer sizes by random-effects model. RESULTS A total of 579 studies were screened, and fourteen studies from Europe, Asia and North America were finally included. Most greenness exposure were measured by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Enhanced vegetation index, outdoor-green environmental score and existed to measuring different greenness types. Greenness surrounding residences and schools were assessed. The overall effect of greenness on primary outcome was 1.00 (95%CI = 0.99-1.00). Most effect estimates of greenness were included in the NDVI-500 m group, and the pooled OR was 0.99 (95%CI = 0.97-1.01). No significant pooled estimates were found in analyses with study locations. CONCLUSION This study indicates no significant association between greenness exposure and AR in children and adolescents. Various exposure measures and conversion of data may affect the results of this meta-analysis. More precise assessment of personal greenness exposure in well-designed prospective studies are vital for drawing a definite association in future. Furthermore, greenness exposure surrounding schools should be paid considerable attention for its effect on AR in school-aged children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nv-Wei Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao-Yue Zhou
- Hospital-Acquired Infection Control Department, The First Hospital of Jiaxing & The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Jie Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xian-Bao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiu-Jie Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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26
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Laha A, Moitra S, Podder S. A review on aero-allergen induced allergy in India. Clin Exp Allergy 2023. [PMID: 36756731 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, rhinitis and eczema are an important public health issue globally in 21st century. Their prevalence and impact in India is high, in terms of total numbers of people affected. Due to diverse climate and lifestyle, the Indian population is exposed to a rich and varied range of aerobiological particles. In the last two decades in India, 83 pollens, 34 fungi, six dust mite and 19 insect species were reported as allergenic, often contributing to heavy allergenic exposure in indoor and outdoor environments. There are currently few practitioners who offer allergy diagnosis and treatment in India, but there is active basic and molecular research aiming to improve the health of allergic patients. This review explores the field of aero-allergy in India during the last two decades, with special emphasis on prevalence across various centres and relevant scientific advances such as genetic associations and new therapeutics. This review will be helpful for clinicians to select aero-allergens for sensitisation testing in patients suffering from symptoms in different regions of India, and to support patients undertaking prophylaxis of allergic symptoms in India according to local environmental conditions. This study also helps to define patient selection for allergy testing and the role of test results in guiding allergic disease management in the Indian context. Finally, we summarize genetic findings relevant to aero-allergy in India and discuss the development of novel therapeutics for investigation and management of aero-allergy in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Laha
- Ecology and Allergology Lab, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Saibal Moitra
- Apollo Multispecialty Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjoy Podder
- Ecology and Allergology Lab, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
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27
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Joshi AA, Vocanson M, Nicolas JF, Wolf P, Patra V. Microbial derived antimicrobial peptides as potential therapeutics in atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125635. [PMID: 36761743 PMCID: PMC9907850 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that significantly affects the patient's quality of life. A disrupted skin barrier, type 2 cytokine-dominated inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis with increased Staphylococcus aureus colonization are critical components of AD pathogenesis. Patients with AD exhibit decreased expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) which is linked to increased colonization by Staphylococcus aureus. The skin microbiome itself is a source of several AMPs. These host- and microbiome-derived AMPs define the microbial landscape of the skin based on their differential antimicrobial activity against a range of skin microbes or their quorum sensing inhibitory properties. These are particularly important in preventing and limiting dysbiotic colonization with Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, AMPs are critical for immune homeostasis. In this article, we share our perspectives about the implications of microbial derived AMPs in AD patients and their potential effects on overlapping factors involved in AD. We argue and discuss the potential of bacterial AMPs as therapeutics in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaroh Anand Joshi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marc Vocanson
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Francois Nicolas
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France,Department of Allergology & Clinical Immunology, Lyon-Sud University Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vijaykumar Patra
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France,*Correspondence: Vijaykumar Patra,
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28
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Ballegaard ASR, Bøgh KL. Intestinal protein uptake and IgE-mediated food allergy. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112150. [PMID: 36596102 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is affecting 5-8% of young children and 2-4% of adults and seems to be increasing in prevalence. The cause of the increase in food allergy is largely unknown but proposed to be influenced by both environmental and lifestyle factors. Changes in intestinal barrier functions and increased uptake of dietary proteins have been suggested to have a great impact on food allergy. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal barrier function and provide a more detailed description of intestinal protein uptake, including the various routes of epithelial transport, how it may be affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and the relation to food allergy. Further, we give an overview of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo techniques available for evaluation of intestinal protein uptake and gut permeability in general. Proteins are digested by gastric, pancreatic and integral brush border enzymes in order to allow for sufficient nutritional uptake. Absorption and transport of dietary proteins across the epithelial layer is known to be dependent on the physicochemical properties of the proteins and their digestion fragments themselves, such as size, solubility and aggregation status. It is believed, that the greater an amount of intact protein or larger peptide fragments that is transported through the epithelial layer, and thus encountered by the mucosal immune system in the gut, the greater is the risk of inducing an adverse allergic response. Proteins may be absorbed across the epithelial barrier by means of various mechanisms, and studies have shown that a transcellular facilitated transport route unique for food allergic individuals are at play for transport of allergens, and that upon mediator release from mast cells an enhanced allergen transport via the paracellular route occurs. This is in contrast to healthy individuals where transcytosis through the enterocytes is the main route of protein uptake. Thus, knowledge on factors affecting intestinal barrier functions and methods for the determination of their impact on protein uptake may be useful in future allergenicity assessments and for development of future preventive and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrine Lindholm Bøgh
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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29
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Taniguchi Y, Kobayashi M. Exposure to dogs and cats and risk of asthma: A retrospective study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282184. [PMID: 36888591 PMCID: PMC9994694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Findings on the relationship between pet exposure and asthma in western countries are inconsistent. This retrospective study examined the association of owning a dog or cat with the onset of asthma in Japanese people. We also investigated whether there is a critical window during which exposure to dogs and cats can reduce the risk of asthma by stratifying the analysis by the age at which pet ownership began. We analyzed data collected in an internet survey conducted by the Japan Pet Food Association in 2021. Valid data were obtained from 4290 participants for analysis of dog ownership and 4308 participants for analysis of cat ownership. In these respective groups, 41.2% had owned a dog and 26.5% had owned a cat. During the follow-up period, 5.7% of dog owners and 14.8% of non-dog owners developed asthma, as did 5.6% of cat owners and 13.5% of non-cat owners. On binomial logistic regression analysis, participants who had not owned a dog had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45-2.78) of developing asthma compared to those who had owned a dog after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics. The corresponding OR of asthma onset among participants who had not owned a cat was 2.24 (95%CI: 1.56-3.23). Stratified analysis showed that while younger participants who had not owned a dog had higher ORs of developing asthma, those who had not owned a cat had similar ORs of asthma onset across all age categories. These results suggest that while there may be a critical window in early life during which exposure to dogs can prevent asthma onset, the protective effect of cat exposure is constant across all ages in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Taniguchi
- Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Maasa Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Li P, Ma X, Liu D, Wei Y, Li P, Hou H, Yao J, Chen A, Liang Y, Zhou Z, Wang P. A microbiome abundant environment remodels the intestinal microbiota and improves resistance to obesity induced by chlorpyrifos in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120415. [PMID: 36257564 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing consensus that the appropriate microbiome abundant environment actuates microbiota changes to influence human health. Whether living environment reacts on the threat of contaminants and the underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. Therefore, we constructed microbiome abundant environment models, focusing on their regulatory effects on the obesity induced by the exogenous chemical chlorpyrifos (CPF) and the related mechanisms. The results uncovered that the constructed farm and woodland microbiome abundant environment could protect mice against CPF-induced obesity effectively. The microbiome abundant environment regulated CPF-induced microbiota imbalance, characterized by an increase in Lactobacillus abundance. These altered microbiotas modified the intestinal immune system by increasing the expression of Foxp3 and IL-10, and mitigated intestinal barrier injury by upregulating the expression of IL-22 and intestinal tight junction proteins. Fecal microbiota transplantation could receive similar phenotypes on alleviating CPF-induced obesity development. Our results demonstrate that the microbiome abundant environment attenuates exogenous chemical-induced health risks by remodeling the intestinal microbiota, improving the intestinal ecosystem, and preventing intestinal epithelial leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peize Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoran Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yimu Wei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pengxi Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haonan Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianing Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Aisong Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
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31
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Wu B, Guo X, Liang M, Sun C, Gao J, Xie P, Feng L, Xia W, Liu H, Ma S, Zhao D, Qu G, Sun Y. Association of individual green space exposure with the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88461-88487. [PMID: 36329245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23718-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The association between allergic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR), and green space (GS) remains controversial. Our study aimed to summarize and synthesize the association between individual GS exposure and the incidence of asthma/AR. We systematically summarized the qualitative relationship between GS exposure and asthma and AR. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was used to estimate the effect of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) on asthma and AR. A total of 21 studies were included for systematic review, and 8 of them underwent meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis of current asthma, the 0 < radius ≤ 100 m group, 100 < radius ≤ 300 m group, and 500 < radius ≤ 1000 m group presented weak negative associations between the NDVI and current asthma. For ever asthma, slight positive associations existed in the 0 < radius ≤ 100 m group and 300 < radius ≤ 500 m group. In addition, the NDVI might slightly reduce the risk of AR in radius of 100 m and 500 m. Our findings suggest that the effects of GS exposure on asthma and AR were not significant. Differences in GS measurements, disease diagnoses and adjusted confounders across studies may have an impact on the results. Subsequent studies should consider potential confounding factors and use more accurate GS exposure measurements to better understand the impact of GS exposure on respiratory disease in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, 2900 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60657, USA
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linya Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weihang Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 238006, Anhui, China.
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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32
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Tong S, Beggs PJ, Davies JM, Jiang F, Kinney PL, Liu S, Yin Y, Ebi KL. Compound impacts of climate change, urbanization and biodiversity loss on allergic disease. Int J Epidemiol 2022:6760684. [PMID: 36228124 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Tong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Public Health, Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul J Beggs
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janet M Davies
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Child Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrick L Kinney
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Shijian Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kristie L Ebi
- Center for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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33
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Kloepfer KM, McCauley KE, Kirjavainen PV. The Microbiome as a Gateway to Prevention of Allergic Disease Development. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY: IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2195-2204. [PMID: 35718258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases exclusively affect tissues that face environmental challenges and harbor endogenous bacterial microbiota. The microbes inhabiting the affected tissues may not be mere bystanders in this process but actively affect the risk of allergic sensitization, disease development, and exacerbation or abatement of symptoms. Experimental evidence provides several plausible means by which the human microbiota could influence the development of allergic diseases including, but not limited to, effects on antigen presentation and induction of tolerance and allergen permeation by endorsing or disrupting epithelial barrier integrity. Epidemiological evidence attests to the significance of age-appropriate, nonpathogenic microbiota development in skin, gastrointestinal tract, and airways for protection against allergic disease development. Thus, there exist potential targets for preventive actions either in the prenatal or postnatal period. These could include maternal dietary interventions, antibiotic stewardship for both the mother and infant, reducing elective cesarean deliveries, and understanding barriers to breastfeeding and timing of food diversification. In here, we will review the current understanding and evidence of allergy-associated human microbiota patterns, their role in the development of allergic diseases, and how we could harness these associations to our benefit against allergies.
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34
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Zhu Q, Zhu J, Wang X, Xu Q. A Meta Analysis of Physical Exercise on Improving Lung Function and Quality of Life Among Asthma Patients. J Asthma Allergy 2022; 15:939-955. [PMID: 35859665 PMCID: PMC9289173 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s369811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This paper aims to perform a systematic assessment of the influence of physical exercise on asthma patients and discuss the intervention effects of different exercises on the lung function FEV1 (%pred) and quality of life among asthma patients so as to lay a scientific foundation for improving asthma symptoms. Methods Both Chinese and English databases were retrieved, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, and VIP, whose retrieval period started from the founding date of each database to 1st, November 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) studying the symptom indicators of asthma patients were collected. Those collected papers were screened according to the Inclusion Criteria and Exclusion Criteria. Then, methodological quality assessments were conducted on the included papers, and combined effect sizes were analyzed by using software ReMan 5.3.5. Results The meta analysis showed that physical exercise could significantly improve lung function FEV1 (%pred) and quality of life score. Trails containing breathing exercise are the main source of heterogeneity, and the subgroup of breathing exercise may have better performance than the subgroup of aerobic exercise in improving FEV1 (%pred). Conclusion Physical exercise can significantly improve the symptoms and quality of life of asthma patients. Except the breathing exercise that showed heterogeneity, the subgroup of aerobic exercise could improve the capacity of FEV1 (%pred) more effectively, which led to a significant difference in the influence of quality of life. However, with regard to the gymnastic exercise including breathing exercise, there are limited same intervention methods and insufficient same outcome indicators. Therefore, more precise and high-quality researches are needed to make deeper verification in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- Sports Department, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, 200042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Xu
- School of Physical Health, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, 201400, People's Republic of China
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35
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Donovan GH, Gatziolis D, Derrien M, Michael YL, Prestemon JP, Douwes J. Shortcomings of the normalized difference vegetation index as an exposure metric. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:617-622. [PMID: 35697731 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of exposure to trees and plants is a rapidly expanding field of study. Research has shown that exposure is associated with improvements in a wide range of health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, birth outcomes, respiratory disease, cancer, mental health and all-cause mortality1. One of the challenges that these studies face is characterizing participants' exposure to trees and plants. A common approach is to use the normalized difference vegetation index, a greenness index typically derived from satellite imagery. Reliance on the normalized difference vegetation index is understandable; for decades, the imagery required to calculate the normalized difference vegetation index has been available for the entire Earth's surface and is updated at regular intervals. However, the normalized difference vegetation index may do a poor job of fully characterizing the human experience of being exposed to trees and plants, because scenes with the same normalized difference vegetation index value can appear different to the human eye. We demonstrate this phenomenon by identifying sites in Portland, Oregon that have the same normalized difference vegetation index value as a large, culturally significant elm tree. These sites are strikingly different aesthetically, suggesting that use of the normalized difference vegetation index may lead to exposure misclassification. Where possible, the normalized difference vegetation index should be supplemented with other exposure metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monika Derrien
- USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yvonne L Michael
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Prestemon
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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36
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Augustine T, Kumar M, Al Khodor S, van Panhuys N. Microbial Dysbiosis Tunes the Immune Response Towards Allergic Disease Outcomes. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022:10.1007/s12016-022-08939-9. [PMID: 35648372 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The hygiene hypothesis has been popularized as an explanation for the rapid increase in allergic disease observed over the past 50 years. Subsequent epidemiological studies have described the protective effects that in utero and early life exposures to an environment high in microbial diversity have in conferring protective benefits against the development of allergic diseases. The rapid advancement in next generation sequencing technology has allowed for analysis of the diverse nature of microbial communities present in the barrier organs and a determination of their role in the induction of allergic disease. Here, we discuss the recent literature describing how colonization of barrier organs during early life by the microbiota influences the development of the adaptive immune system. In parallel, mechanistic studies have delivered insight into the pathogenesis of disease, by demonstrating the comparative effects of protective T regulatory (Treg) cells, with inflammatory T helper 2 (Th2) cells in the development of immune tolerance or induction of an allergic response. More recently, a significant advancement in our understanding into how interactions between the adaptive immune system and microbially derived factors play a central role in the development of allergic disease has emerged. Providing a deeper understanding of the symbiotic relationship between our microbiome and immune system, which explains key observations made by the hygiene hypothesis. By studying how perturbations that drive dysbiosis of the microbiome can cause allergic disease, we stand to benefit by delineating the protective versus pathogenic aspects of human interactions with our microbial companions, allowing us to better harness the use of microbial agents in the design of novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Augustine
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Sidra Medicine, PO BOX 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Microbiome and Host-Microbes Interactions Laboratory, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Souhaila Al Khodor
- Microbiome and Host-Microbes Interactions Laboratory, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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37
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Lin R, Xiao M, Cao S, Sun Y, Zhao L, Mao X, Chen P, Tong X, Ou Z, Zhu H, Men D, Li X, Deng Y, Zhang X, Wen J. Distinct gut microbiota and health outcomes in asymptomatic infection, viral nucleic acid test re-positive, and convalescent COVID-19 cases. MLIFE 2022; 1:183-197. [PMID: 37731585 PMCID: PMC9349603 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota composition is suggested to associate with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, but the impact of gut microbiota on health outcomes is largely unclear. We recruited 81 individuals from Wuhan, China, including 13 asymptomatic infection cases (Group A), 24 COVID-19 convalescents with adverse outcomes (Group C), 31 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) re-positive cases (Group D), and 13 non-COVID-19 healthy controls (Group H). The microbial features of Groups A and D were similar and exhibited higher gut microbial diversity and more abundant short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing species than Group C. Group C was enriched with opportunistic pathogens and virulence factors related to adhesion and toxin production. The abundance of SCFA-producing species was negatively correlated, while Escherichia coli was positively correlated with adverse outcomes. All three groups (A, C, and D) were enriched with the mucus-degrading species Akkermansia muciniphila, but decreased with Bacteroides-encoded carbohydrate-active enzymes. The pathways of vitamin B6 metabolic and folate biosynthesis were decreased, while selenocompound metabolism was increased in the three groups. Specifically, the secondary bile acid (BA) metabolic pathway was enriched in Group A. Antibiotic resistance genes were common among the three groups. Conclusively, the gut microbiota was related to the health outcomes of COVID-19. Dietary supplementations (SCFAs, BA, selenium, folate, vitamin B6) may be beneficial to COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingzhong Xiao
- Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
| | - Shanshan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega‐ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yu Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Department of EndocrinologyGuang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Peng Chen
- Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Department of EndocrinologyGuang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zheyuan Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hui Zhu
- Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
| | - Dong Men
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega‐ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
| | - Yiqun Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xian‐En Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Jikai Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Hartley K, Ryan PH, Gillespie GL, Perazzo J, Wright JM, Rice GE, Donovan GH, Gernes R, Hershey GKK, LeMasters G, Brokamp C. Residential greenness, asthma, and lung function among children at high risk of allergic sensitization: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health 2022; 21:52. [PMID: 35549707 PMCID: PMC9097404 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While benefits of greenness to health have been reported, findings specific to child respiratory health are inconsistent. METHODS We utilized a prospective birth cohort followed from birth to age 7 years (n = 617). Residential surrounding greenness was quantified via Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within 200, 400, and 800 m distances from geocoded home addresses at birth, age 7 years, and across childhood. Respiratory health outcomes were assessed at age 7 years, including asthma and lung function [percent predicted forced expiratory volume in the first second (%FEV1), percent predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC), and percent predicted ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (%FEV1/FVC)]. We assessed associations using linear and logistic regression models adjusted for community deprivation, household income, and traffic-related air pollution. We tested for effect measure modification by atopic status. RESULTS We noted evidence of positive confounding as inverse associations were attenuated upon adjustment in the multivariable models. We found evidence of effect measure modification of NDVI and asthma within 400 m at age 7 years by atopic status (p = 0.04), whereby children sensitized to common allergens were more likely to develop asthma as exposure to greenness increased (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9, 2.0) versus children not sensitized to common allergens (OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.5, 1.2). We found consistently positive associations between NDVI and %FEV1 and %FVC which similarly evidenced positive confounding upon adjustment. In the adjusted regression models, NDVI at 7 years of age was associated with %FEV1 (200 m: β = 2.1, 95% CI: 0.1, 3.3; 400 m: β = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.3, 2.9) and %FVC (200 m: β = 1.8, 95% CI: 0.7, 3.0; 400 m: β = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.3, 2.8; 800 m: β = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.1, 2.8). Adjusted results for %FEV1/FVC were non-significant except exposure at birth in the 400 m buffer (β = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.1, 1.5). We found no evidence of effect measure modification of NDVI by atopic status for objective measures of lung function. CONCLUSION Sensitivity to allergens may modify the effect of greenness on risk for asthma in children but greenness is likely beneficial for concurrent lung function regardless of allergic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Hartley
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, 3110 Vine St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA
| | - Patrick H. Ryan
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Gordon L. Gillespie
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, 3110 Vine St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA
| | - Joseph Perazzo
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, 3110 Vine St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA
| | - J. Michael Wright
- Toxic Effects Assessment Branch (Cincinnati), Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA), Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West M.L. King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA
| | - Glenn E. Rice
- Toxic Effects Assessment Branch (Cincinnati), Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA), Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West M.L. King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA
| | - Geoffrey H. Donovan
- USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, 1220 SW 3rd Ave, Portland, OR 97204 USA
| | - Rebecca Gernes
- Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (ASPPH), Environmental Health Research Participant, 2014-2016, 1900 M St NW #710, DC 20036 Washington, USA
| | - Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Grace LeMasters
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Cole Brokamp
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
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Stiebing C, Post N, Schindler C, Göhrig B, Lux H, Popp J, Heutelbeck A, Schie IW. Revealing the Chemical Composition of Birch Pollen Grains by Raman Spectroscopic Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095112. [PMID: 35563504 PMCID: PMC9101400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of the biochemical composition of pollen grains is of the utmost interest for several environmental aspects, such as their allergenic potential and their changes in growth conditions due to climatic factors. In order to fully understand the composition of pollen grains, not only is an in-depth analysis of their molecular components necessary but also spatial information of, e.g., the thickness of the outer shell, should be recorded. However, there is a lack of studies using molecular imaging methods for a spatially resolved biochemical composition on a single-grain level. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was implemented as an analytical tool to investigate birch pollen by imaging single pollen grains and analyzing their spectral profiles. The imaging modality allowed us to reveal the layered structure of pollen grains based on the biochemical information of the recorded Raman spectra. Seven different birch pollen species collected at two different locations in Germany were investigated and compared. Using chemometric algorithms such as hierarchical cluster analysis and multiple-curve resolution, several components of the grain wall, such as sporopollenin, as well as the inner core presenting high starch concentrations, were identified and quantified. Differences in the concentrations of, e.g., sporopollenin, lipids and proteins in the pollen species at the two different collection sites were found, and are discussed in connection with germination and other growth processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Stiebing
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Nele Post
- Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany;
| | - Claudia Schindler
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 103, 07747 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (B.G.); (H.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Bianca Göhrig
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 103, 07747 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (B.G.); (H.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Harald Lux
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 103, 07747 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (B.G.); (H.L.); (A.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (J.P.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Astrid Heutelbeck
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 103, 07747 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (B.G.); (H.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Iwan W. Schie
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (J.P.)
- Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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Celebi Sozener Z, Ozdel Ozturk B, Cerci P, Turk M, Gorgulu Akin B, Akdis M, Altiner S, Ozbey U, Ogulur I, Mitamura Y, Yilmaz I, Nadeau K, Ozdemir C, Mungan D, Akdis CA. Epithelial barrier hypothesis: Effect of the external exposome on the microbiome and epithelial barriers in allergic disease. Allergy 2022; 77:1418-1449. [PMID: 35108405 PMCID: PMC9306534 DOI: 10.1111/all.15240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposure plays a major role in the development of allergic diseases. The exposome can be classified into internal (e.g., aging, hormones, and metabolic processes), specific external (e.g., chemical pollutants or lifestyle factors), and general external (e.g., broader socioeconomic and psychological contexts) domains, all of which are interrelated. All the factors we are exposed to, from the moment of conception to death, are part of the external exposome. Several hundreds of thousands of new chemicals have been introduced in modern life without our having a full understanding of their toxic health effects and ways to mitigate these effects. Climate change, air pollution, microplastics, tobacco smoke, changes and loss of biodiversity, alterations in dietary habits, and the microbiome due to modernization, urbanization, and globalization constitute our surrounding environment and external exposome. Some of these factors disrupt the epithelial barriers of the skin and mucosal surfaces, and these disruptions have been linked in the last few decades to the increasing prevalence and severity of allergic and inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and asthma. The epithelial barrier hypothesis provides a mechanistic explanation of how these factors can explain the rapid increase in allergic and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss factors affecting the planet's health in the context of the 'epithelial barrier hypothesis,' including climate change, pollution, changes and loss of biodiversity, and emphasize the changes in the external exposome in the last few decades and their effects on allergic diseases. In addition, the roles of increased dietary fatty acid consumption and environmental substances (detergents, airborne pollen, ozone, microplastics, nanoparticles, and tobacco) affecting epithelial barriers are discussed. Considering the emerging data from recent studies, we suggest stringent governmental regulations, global policy adjustments, patient education, and the establishment of individualized control measures to mitigate environmental threats and decrease allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Betul Ozdel Ozturk
- School of MedicineDepartment of Chest DiseasesDivision of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Pamir Cerci
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesEskisehir City HospitalEskisehirTurkey
| | - Murat Turk
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesKayseri City HospitalKayseriTurkey
| | - Begum Gorgulu Akin
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesAnkara City HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Seda Altiner
- Clinic of Internal Medicine Division of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesKahramanmaras Necip Fazil City HospitalKahramanmarasTurkey
| | - Umus Ozbey
- Department of Nutrition and DietAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Insu Yilmaz
- Department of Chest DiseasesDivision of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University School of MedicineDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child HealthDepartment of Pediatric Basic SciencesIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Istanbul Faculty of MedicineDepartment of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric Allergy and ImmunologyIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Dilsad Mungan
- School of MedicineDepartment of Chest DiseasesDivision of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
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Haahtela T. Biodiversity for resilience-What is needed for allergic children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13779. [PMID: 35616890 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
What is needed for our children facing unprecedented challenges of modern time? Biodiversity, both for immunological and psychological well-being and resilience. That is also the keyword for the children with allergies and asthma. The cultural evolution with advanced technology and medicine along with major move to urban environment has profoundly changed our lifestyle and surroundings. We are increasingly disconnected from our evolutionary home, soil, natural waters, and air we used to breathe. The ecosystem of human body and mind has been tested, survived, and evolved closely in relation with other ecosystems. For balance and tolerance, immune regulatory circuits need training by microbes, biogenic chemicals, and close relation to natural environment throughout life. This is addressed by the biodiversity hypothesis of tolerance/resilience for health, supported by the pioneering real-world interventions and a few controlled studies. No need to go "back to nature," but we must take natural elements back to our everyday life to breathe, eat, drink, and touch. The change for better is plausible and cost-effective, as shown by the Finnish and other European initiatives, but needs contribution of the whole society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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42
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Szczuko M, Syrenicz A, Szymkowiak K, Przybylska A, Szczuko U, Pobłocki J, Kulpa D. Doubtful Justification of the Gluten-Free Diet in the Course of Hashimoto's Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091727. [PMID: 35565695 PMCID: PMC9101474 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The popularization of the gluten-free diet brings with it a fashion for its use, which can harm the treatment of Hashimoto's disease. The few studies in this regard do not confirm positive changes resulting from a gluten-free diet. At the same time, the presence of other comorbid autoimmune diseases in this group of patients is increasing. This may have important implications for the interpretation of test results and the need for a gluten-free diet in some patients. In this review, the PubMed database was searched for links between a gluten-free diet, Hashimoto's disease, and autoimmune diseases. When analyzing the available literature, we found no basis for introducing a gluten-free diet for the standard management of Hashimoto patients. The recommended diet is instead an anti-inflammatory diet that levels the supply (to compensate for deficiencies) of vitamin D, iodine, and selenium, which are found in plant products rich in polyphenols, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids, as illustrated in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (K.S.); (U.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-441-4810
| | - Anhelli Syrenicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Szymkowiak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (K.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Przybylska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-834 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Urszula Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (K.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Jakub Pobłocki
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Danuta Kulpa
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
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Palacios-García I, Mhuireach GA, Grasso-Cladera A, Cryan JF, Parada FJ. The 4E approach to the human microbiome: Nested interactions between the gut-brain/body system within natural and built environments. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100249. [PMID: 35338496 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of the human mind and its interaction with the environment is one of the main epistemological debates throughout history. Recent ideas, framed as the 4E perspective to cognition, highlight that human experience depends causally on both cerebral and extracranial processes, but also is embedded in a particular sociomaterial context and is a product of historical accumulation of trajectory changes throughout life. Accordingly, the human microbiome is one of the most intriguing actors modulating brain function and physiology. Here, we present the 4E approach to the Human Microbiome for understanding mental processes from a broader perspective, encompassing one's body physiology and environment throughout their lifespan, interconnected by microbiome community structure and dynamics. We review evidence supporting the approach theoretically and motivates the study of the global set of microbial ecosystem networks encountered by a person across their lifetime (from skin to gut to natural and built environments). We furthermore trace future empirical implementation of the approach. We finally discuss novel research opportunities and clinical interventions aimed toward developing low-cost/high-benefit integrative and personalized bio-psycho-socio-environmental treatments for mental health and including the brain-gut-microbiome axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Palacios-García
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gwynne A Mhuireach
- Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
| | - Aitana Grasso-Cladera
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francisco J Parada
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
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Chong-Neto HJ, D'amato G, Rosário Filho NA. Impact of the environment on the microbiome. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022; 98 Suppl 1:S32-S37. [PMID: 34742719 PMCID: PMC9510925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to verify indoor and outdoor pollution, host and environmental microbiome, and the impact on the health of the pediatric population. SOURCES A review of the literature, non-systematic, with the search for articles since 2001 in PubMed with the terms "pollution" AND "microbiome" AND "children's health" AND "COVID-19". SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS Prevention of allergic diseases includes the following aspects: avoid cesarean delivery, the unnecessary overuse of antibiotics, air pollution, smoking in pregnancy and second-hand tobacco smoke, stimulate breastfeeding, soil connection, consume fresh fruits and vegetables, exercise and outdoor activities and animal contact. The children's microbiota richness and diversity decrease the risk of immune disbalance and allergic disease development. CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle and exposure to pollutants, both biological and non-biological, modify the host and the environment microbiome provoking an immune disbalance with inflammatory consequences and development of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gennaro D'amato
- Federico II University, School of Specialization in Respiratory Diseases, High Specialty Hospital A. Cardarelli, Division of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Naples, NA, Italy
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Abstract
Social and political policy, human activities, and environmental change affect the ways in which microbial communities assemble and interact with people. These factors determine how different social groups are exposed to beneficial and/or harmful microorganisms, meaning microbial exposure has an important socioecological justice context. Therefore, greater consideration of microbial exposure and social equity in research, planning, and policy is imperative. Here, we identify 20 research questions considered fundamentally important to promoting equitable exposure to beneficial microorganisms, along with safeguarding resilient societies and ecosystems. The 20 research questions we identified span seven broad themes, including the following: (i) sociocultural interactions; (ii) Indigenous community health and well-being; (iii) humans, urban ecosystems, and environmental processes; (iv) human psychology and mental health; (v) microbiomes and infectious diseases; (vi) human health and food security; and (vii) microbiome-related planning, policy, and outreach. Our goal was to summarize this growing field and to stimulate impactful research avenues while providing focus for funders and policymakers.
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Di Pierro F. Gut Microbiota Parameters Potentially Useful in Clinical Perspective. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112402. [PMID: 34835527 PMCID: PMC8623243 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in gut microbiota analyses is at an all-time high. Gut microbiota is thought to relate to an increasing range of diseases of interest to physicians and nutritionists. Overweight, obesity, response to diet, metabolic syndrome, low grade inflammation, diabetes and colon neoplasms could maybe be observed in microbiota if affordable markers were available. Possible biomarkers like the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, the Gram-positive/Gram-negative ratio, the Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio, and the Fusobacterium nucleatum/Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ratio are here reviewed in a narrative way in the attempt to highlight their possible future role in routine practice and clinically relevant diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Pierro
- Digestive Endoscopy & Gastroenterology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy;
- UNICAM, Camerino University, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Scientific Department, Velleja Research, 20124 Milan, Italy
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Dietary Fibers: Effects, Underlying Mechanisms and Possible Role in Allergic Asthma Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114153. [PMID: 34836408 PMCID: PMC8621630 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma is increasing, but the cause remains under debate. Research currently focuses on environmental and dietary factors that may impact the gut-lung axis. Dietary fibers are considered to play a crucial role in supporting diversity and activity of the microbiome, as well as immune homeostasis in the gut and lung. This review discusses the current state of knowledge on how dietary fibers and their bacterial fermentation products may affect the pathophysiology of allergic asthma. Moreover, the impact of dietary fibers on early type 2 asthma management, as shown in both pre-clinical and clinical studies, is described. Short-chain fatty acids, fiber metabolites, modulate host immunity and might reduce the risk of allergic asthma development. Underlying mechanisms include G protein-coupled receptor activation and histone deacetylase inhibition. These results are supported by studies in mice, children and adults with allergic asthma. Fibers might also exert direct effects on the immune system via yet to be elucidated mechanisms. However, the effects of specific types of fiber, dosages, duration of treatment, and combination with probiotics, need to be explored. There is an urgent need to further valorize the potential of specific dietary fibers in prevention and treatment of allergic asthma by conducting more large-scale dietary intervention trials.
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48
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Minami M, Konishi T, Takase H, Makino T. Shin'iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang) extract ameliorates ovalbumin-induced murine allergic rhinitis by regulating cytokines. J Nat Med 2021; 76:244-253. [PMID: 34792735 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Shin'iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang) is a formula of traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and for chronic sinusitis. However, the precise action mechanism has been unknown. We examined the effect of shin'iseihaito extract (SSHT) on murine allergic rhinitis model using ovalbumin (OVA). We decocted the mixture of 9 crude drugs in water to prepare SSHT. SSHT (20 times amount of human dose) was orally administered to mice treated with OVA. After mice were sacrificed on day 28, immunoglobulin (Ig) E, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-γ, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels in nasal lavage fluid samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological tissue sections from the nasal epithelial mucosa were histopathologically investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopies. We also investigated the effects of modified SSHTs prepared by removing one crude drug from shin'iseihaito to clarify the active ingredients. SSHT suppressed IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP levels, while increased the IFN-γ levels in OVA-induced allergic mice. Sensitization with OVA resulted in an increase in eosinophilia and goblet cells in murine nasal cavity tissue in comparison with those in untreated group, however, those were significantly reduced by the treatment with SSHT. The extracts of 8 crude drug's mixtures except for the removal of Gypsum fibrosum (GF) from shin'iseihaito counteracted on the suppressive effects of SSHT on IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP levels in nasal lavage fluid. Our result demonstrated that SSHT may contribute to inhibit the exacerbation of OVA-induced murine allergic rhinitis by regulating cytokines, and the components except for GF contributed anti-allergic effect of shin'iseihaito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Minami
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Toru Konishi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
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Social-Environmental Conflicts in Chile: Is There Any Potential for an Ecological Constitution? SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132212701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Social unrest is on the rise worldwide amid deepening inequalities, environmental degradation, and job crises worsened by increasing social-environmental conflicts. In Chile, a social revolt in 2019 resulted in a national referendum in 2020. An ample majority (78.3% vs. 21.7%) voted to draft a new constitution to replace the current constitution drawn up under dictatorship. The result led to the emergence and empowerment of several organizations demanding an “ecological constitution”. In this context, we aim to analyze: (1) the main social-environmental conflicts in Chile and how they are related to the country’s current constitution, and (2) the potential drafting of an ecological constitution that addresses these conflicts. Across different industries in Chile, we observed common problems that are intrinsically related to the current constitution. This relationship seems to be perceived by Chilean citizens since a survey carried out in May 2021 found 79% support for an ecological constitution. Moreover, 105 of the 155 delegates to the constitutional convention proposed three or more environmental principles to be included in the new constitution. A potential ecological constitution entails principles that would improve the current situation of social-environmental conflicts in Chile. Based on our analysis, we recommend the establishment of watershed-based “territorial rights” in the new Chilean constitution to improve sustainability and environmental justice.
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Giacinto JJ, Fricker GA, Ritter M, Yost J, Doremus J. Urban forest biodiversity and cardiovascular disease: Potential health benefits from California's street trees. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254973. [PMID: 34731162 PMCID: PMC8565780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced immune functioning in response to biodiversity may explain potential health benefits from exposure to green space. Using unique data on urban forest biodiversity at the zip code level for California measured from 2014 to 2019 we test whether greater diversity of street trees is associated with reduced death from cardiovascular disease. We find that urban forests with greater biodiversity measured via the Shannon Index at the genus level are associated with a lower mortality rate for heart disease and stroke. Our estimates imply that increasing the Shannon Index by one standard deviation (0.64) is associated with a decrease in the mortality rate of 21.4 per 100,000 individuals for heart disease or 13% and 7.7 per 100,000 individuals for stroke or 16%. Our estimates remain robust across several sensitivity checks. A policy simulation for tree planting in Los Angeles based on our estimates suggests that if these relationships were causal, investment in planting for a more biodiverse set of street trees would be a cost-effective way to reduce mortality related to cardiovascular disease in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J. Giacinto
- Economics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States of America
| | - G. Andrew Fricker
- Social Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States of America
| | - Matthew Ritter
- Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States of America
| | - Jenn Yost
- Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Doremus
- Economics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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