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Lina G, Cuixin Q, Xia Z, Jing Y, Zhirong L, Zirou O, Jiayiren L, Yulian Z, Qiuyue H, Qianqing L, Yan L, Pu Q, Bin Z, Jianhong Z. CCR9+CD4+ T cells are associated with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37803. [PMID: 38640336 PMCID: PMC11030009 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
An increase in CD4+ T cells in the synovium is closely linked to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to identify the possible causes of the elevated CD4+ T cell levels and to explore the factors influencing disease activity in RA. Fifty-five RA patients, including 28 with active RA (ARA), 27 with inactive RA, and 22 healthy controls, were recruited for this study. The proportion of CCR9+CD4+ T cells and the expression of chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) on CD4+ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescent immunoassay were used to evaluate interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-6 levels, respectively. The proportion of CCR9+CD4+ T cells and the expression of CCR9 on CD4+ T cells increased significantly in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) in ARA compared to those in inactive RA. Furthermore, SF contained more CCR9+CD4+ T cells, IL-6, and IL-17A than PB in RA patients. Moreover, CD4+ T cells in the PB of patients with RA, especially ARA, expressed more CCR9 and secreted more IL-6 and IL-17A after activation. Here, we also demonstrated that both the percentage of CCR9+ cells in CD4+ T cells and the expression of CCR9 on circulating CD4+ T cells were positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody. CCR9+CD4+ T cells are elevated in PB and SF, and are associated with disease activity in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Lina
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Qiang Cuixin
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhang Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Jing
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Zhirong
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ouyang Zirou
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Jiayiren
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhang Yulian
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huo Qiuyue
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Qianqing
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Liu Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Qin Pu
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhang Bin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Zhao Jianhong
- Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Parthasarathy V, Cravero K, Xu L, Deng J, Sun Z, Engle SM, Sims JT, Okragly AJ, Kwatra SG. The blood proteomic signature of prurigo nodularis reveals distinct inflammatory and neuropathic endotypes: A cluster analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:1101-1109. [PMID: 36806647 PMCID: PMC11212685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an extremely pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease. Little is known about systemic inflammation in PN. OBJECTIVE To characterize plasma inflammatory biomarkers in patients with PN and investigate the presence of disease endotypes. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, Olink proteomic analysis was performed on plasma samples from patients with PN (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 18). RESULTS Patients with PN had increased levels of 8 circulating biomarkers compared to controls, including tumor necrosis factor, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 9, interleukin-12B, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (P < .05). Two PN clusters were identified in cluster 1 (n = 13) and cluster 2 (n = 16). Cluster 2 had higher levels of 25 inflammatory markers than cluster 1. Cluster 1 had a greater percentage of patients with a history of myelopathy and spinal disc disease compared with cluster 2 (69% vs 25%, P = .03). Patients in cluster 2 were more likely to have a history of atopy (38% in cluster 2 vs 8% in cluster 1, P = .09). LIMITATIONS Small sample size precludes robust subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of neuroimmune-biased endotypes in PN and can aid clinicians in managing patients with PN that are nonresponsive to traditional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Parthasarathy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Karen Cravero
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lillian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Junwen Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zhe Sun
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | | | - Shawn G Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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McBride DA, Kerr MD, Johnson WT, Nguyen A, Zoccheddu M, Yao M, Prideaux EB, Dorn NC, Wang W, Svensson MN, Bottini N, Shah NJ. Immunomodulatory Microparticles Epigenetically Modulate T Cells and Systemically Ameliorate Autoimmune Arthritis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2202720. [PMID: 36890657 PMCID: PMC10104670 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have improved the prognosis of autoimmune inflammatory arthritides but a large fraction of patients display partial or nonresponsiveness to front-line DMARDs. Here, an immunoregulatory approach based on sustained joint-localized release of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which modulates local immune activation and enhances disease-protective T cells and leads to systemic disease control is reported. ATRA imprints a unique chromatin landscape in T cells, which is associated with an enhancement in the differentiation of naïve T cells into anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells (Treg ) and suppression of Treg destabilization. Sustained release poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-based biodegradable microparticles encapsulating ATRA (PLGA-ATRA MP) are retained in arthritic mouse joints after intra-articular (IA) injection. IA PLGA-ATRA MP enhance migratory Treg which in turn reduce inflammation and modify disease in injected and uninjected joints, a phenotype that is also reproduced by IA injection of Treg . PLGA-ATRA MP reduce proteoglycan loss and bone erosions in the SKG and collagen-induced arthritis mouse models of autoimmune arthritis. Strikingly, systemic disease modulation by PLGA-ATRA MP is not associated with generalized immune suppression. PLGA-ATRA MP have the potential to be developed as a disease modifying agent for autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. McBride
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Matthew D. Kerr
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Wade T. Johnson
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Anders Nguyen
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchSahlgrenska AcademyInstitute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg41346Sweden
| | - Martina Zoccheddu
- Department of MedicineDivision of RheumatologyAllergy and ImmunologyUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Mina Yao
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Edward B. Prideaux
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Nicholas C. Dorn
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Mattias N.D. Svensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchSahlgrenska AcademyInstitute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg41346Sweden
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Department of MedicineDivision of RheumatologyAllergy and ImmunologyUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
| | - Nisarg J. Shah
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCA92093USA
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Isoda Y, Tanaka T, Suzuki H, Asano T, Kitamura K, Kudo Y, Ejima R, Ozawa K, Yoshikawa T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Epitope Mapping of the Novel Anti-Human CCR9 Monoclonal Antibody (C 9Mab-11) by 2 × Alanine Scanning. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2023; 42:73-76. [PMID: 37129305 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently developed a novel anti-human C-C chemokine receptor 9 (hCCR9) monoclonal antibody (mAb), C9Mab-11, which is applicable to flow cytometry, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This study aims to identify the binding epitope of C9Mab-11 by using 1 × and 2 × alanine (or glycine) substituted-hCCR9 peptides (1 × and 2 × Ala-scan) by ELISA. According to the 1 × Ala-scan analysis, the response of C9Mab-11 was diminished against M13A of the hCCR9 peptide, but was not eliminated. In the 2 × Ala-scan analysis, the reactions were abolished in the substitution of P11A-N12A, N12A-M13A, and M13A-A14G of hCCR9 N-terminal peptides. The results indicate that the binding epitope of C9Mab-11 includes Pro11, Asn12, Met13, and Ala14 of hCCR9, with the region around Met13 being particularly important. The successful identification of the C9Mab-11 epitope might be useful for the future pathophysiological analysis of hCCR9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Isoda
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaishi Kitamura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuma Kudo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Ejima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ozawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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5
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Murayama MA, Shimizu J, Miyabe C, Yudo K, Miyabe Y. Chemokines and chemokine receptors as promising targets in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100869. [PMID: 36860872 PMCID: PMC9968812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that commonly causes inflammation and bone destruction in multiple joints. Inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, play important roles in RA development and pathogenesis. Biological therapies targeting these cytokines have revolutionized RA therapy. However, approximately 50% of the patients are non-responders to these therapies. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to identify new therapeutic targets and therapies for patients with RA. In this review, we focus on the pathogenic roles of chemokines and their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in RA. Inflamed tissues in RA, such as the synovium, highly express various chemokines to promote leukocyte migration, tightly controlled by chemokine ligand-receptor interactions. Because the inhibition of these signaling pathways results in inflammatory response regulation, chemokines and their receptors could be promising targets for RA therapy. The blockade of various chemokines and/or their receptors has yielded prospective results in preclinical trials using animal models of inflammatory arthritis. However, some of these strategies have failed in clinical trials. Nonetheless, some blockades showed promising results in early-phase clinical trials, suggesting that chemokine ligand-receptor interactions remain a promising therapeutic target for RA and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori A Murayama
- Department of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chie Miyabe
- Department of Frontier Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yudo
- Department of Frontier Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshishige Miyabe
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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6
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Fu Q, Zhang P, Zhao S, Li Y, Li X, Cao M, Yang N, Li C. A novel full-length transcriptome resource from multiple immune-related tissues in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) using Pacbio SMART sequencing. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:106-113. [PMID: 35995372 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is an important cold-water economic fish. However, the production and development of turbot industry has been constantly hindered by the frequent occurrence of some diseases. Lacking full-length transcriptome for turbot limits immune gene discoveries and gene structures analysis. Therefore, we generated a full-length transcriptome using mixed immune-related tissues of turbot with PacBio Sequel platform. In this study, a total of 31.7 Gb high quality data were generated with the average subreads length of 2618 bp. According to the presence of 5' and 3' primers as well as poly (A) tails, FL (Full-length) and NFL (Non-full-length) isoforms were obtained. Meanwhile, we identified 32,003 non-redundant transcripts, 76.02% of which was novel isoforms of known genes. In addition, 12,176 alternative splicing (AS) events, 6614 polyadenylation (APA) events, 1905 transcription factors, and 2703 lncRNAs were identified. This work is a comprehensive report on the full-length transcriptome of immune-related tissues of turbot, and it also provides valuable molecular resources for future research on the adaptation mechanisms and functional genomics of turbot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shoucong Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xingchun Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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7
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Zhao J, Wei K, Jiang P, Chang C, Xu L, Xu L, Shi Y, Guo S, He D. G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Recent Insights into Mechanisms and Functional Roles. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907733. [PMID: 35874704 PMCID: PMC9304905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to joint damage and even disability. Although there are various clinical therapies for RA, some patients still have poor or no response. Thus, the development of new drug targets remains a high priority. In this review, we discuss the role of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including chemokine receptors, melanocortin receptors, lipid metabolism-related receptors, adenosine receptors, and other inflammation-related receptors, on mechanisms of RA, such as inflammation, lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, and bone destruction. Additionally, we summarize the latest clinical trials on GPCR targeting to provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the development of innovative GPCR-based clinical drugs for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linshuai Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Dongyi He
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Dongyi He,
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8
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Saito M, Suzuki H, Harigae Y, Li G, Tanaka T, Asano T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. C 9Mab-1: An Anti-Mouse CCR9 Monoclonal Antibody for Immunocytochemistry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:120-124. [PMID: 35471047 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
C-C motif chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) is a G protein-coupled receptor, which is highly expressed in T-lymphocytes and different cancer cells. CCR9 aggravates immune diseases and cancer progression and is considered a biomarker and a therapeutic target of diseases. The development of specific monoclonal antibody (mAbs) for human CCR9 (hCCR9) is required to diagnose and treat immune diseases and cancers. Previously, we established the cell-based immunization and screening (CBIS) method, which does not need purified target proteins. Anti-hCCR9 mAb (clone C9Mab-1; mouse IgG1, kappa) was also developed using the CBIS method. C9Mab-1 is usable for flow cytometry against exogenously and endogenously expressing hCCR9. This study showed that C9Mab-1 and its recombinant antibody (recC9Mab-1) specifically detected exogenous hCCR9 stably overexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells and endogenous hCCR9 expressed in a human T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line MOLT-4 cells through immunocytochemistry. This study provides a new application of C9Mab-1 and recC9Mab-1 in immunocytochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Harigae
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Ahmed Z, Renart EG, Zeeshan S. Investigating underlying human immunity genes, implicated diseases and their relationship to COVID-19. Per Med 2022; 19:229-250. [PMID: 35261286 PMCID: PMC8919975 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2021-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aim: A human immunogenetics variation study was conducted in samples collected from diverse COVID-19 populations. Materials & methods: Whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing (WGS/WES), data processing, analysis and visualization pipeline were applied to identify variants associated with genes of interest. Results: A total of 2886 mutations were found across the entire set of 13 genomes. Functional annotation of the gene variants revealed mutation type and protein change. Many variants were found to be biologically implicated in COVID-19. The involvement of these genes was also found in multiple other diseases. Conclusion: The analysis determined that ACE2, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS2, SLC6A20 and FYCOI had functional implications and TMPRSS4 was the gene most altered in virally infected patients. The quest to establish an understanding of the genetics underlying COVID-19 is a central focus of life sciences today. COVID-19 is triggered by SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded RNA respiratory virus. Several clinical-genomics studies have emerged positing different human gene mutations occurring due to COVID-19. A global analysis of these genes was conducted targeting major components of the immune system to identify possible variations likely to be involved in COVID-19 predisposition. Gene-variant analysis was performed on whole-genome sequencing samples collected from diverse populations. ACE2, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS2, SLC6A20 and FYCOI were found to have functional implications and TMPRSS4 may have a role in the severity of clinical manifestations of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Ahmed
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy & Aging Research, Rutgers University, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical & Health Sciences, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Eduard Gibert Renart
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy & Aging Research, Rutgers University, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Saman Zeeshan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, 195 Little Albany St, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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10
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Zhang LL, Li CH, Chen J. Molecular characterization and chemotaxis assay of a CC motif chemokine ligand 25 from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:563-574. [PMID: 34687884 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CC motif chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) is a key chemokine that attracts various types of leukocytes, such as activated peritoneal macrophages. However, information on CCL25 in fish is limited. Here, a CCL25 gene (LjCCL25) was identified from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), showing upregulation in multiple tissues against Vibrio harveyi infection. The recombinant LjCCL25 (rLjCCL25) only significantly induced the migration of monocytes/macrophages (MO/MΦ) both in vitro and in vivo, but didn't induce that of neutrophils or lymphocytes. Additionally, rLjCCL25 only induced migration of the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated MO/MΦ (M1 type). Knockdown of Japanese sea bass CC chemokine receptor 9 (LjCCR9) expression in MO/MФ by RNA interference inhibited the LjCCL25-induced chemotaxis of resting and M1 type MO/MФ. Moreover, administration of 300 ng/g rLjCCL25 effectively increased the survival of V. harveyi-infected fish and decreased bacterial load. Our study demonstrates that LjCCL25 functions as an MO/MФ chemoattractant via LjCCR9 in Japanese sea bass against V. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China
| | - Chang-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China.
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China.
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11
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Huang Y, Ding HS, Song T, Chen YT, Wang T, Tang YH, Barajas-Martinez H, Huang CX, Hu D. Abrogation of CC Chemokine Receptor 9 Ameliorates Ventricular Electrical Remodeling in Mice After Myocardial Infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:716219. [PMID: 34712704 PMCID: PMC8545906 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.716219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers structural and electrical remodeling. CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) mediates chemotaxis of inflammatory cells in MI. In our previous study, CCR9 knockout has been found to improve structural remodeling after MI. Here, we further investigate the potential influence of CCR9 on electrical remodeling following MI in order to explore potential new measures to improve the prognosis of MI. Methods and Results: Mice was used and divided into four groups: CCR9+/+/Sham, CCR9−/−/Sham, CCR9+/+/MI, CCR9−/−/MI. Animals were used at 1 week after MI surgery. Cardiomyocytes in the infracted border zone were acutely dissociated and the whole-cell patch clamp was used to record action potential duration (APD), L-type calcium current (ICa,L) and transient outward potassium current (Ito). Calcium transient and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium content under stimulation of Caffeine were measured in isolated cardiomyocytes by confocal microscopy. Multielectrode array (MEA) was used to measure the conduction of the left ventricle. The western-blot was performed for the expression level of connexin 43. We observed prolonged APD90, increased ICa,L and decreased Ito following MI, while CCR9 knockout attenuated these changes (APD90: 50.57 ± 6.51 ms in CCR9−/−/MI vs. 76.53 ± 5.98 ms in CCR9+/+/MI, p < 0.05; ICa,L: −13.15 ± 0.86 pA/pF in CCR9−/−/MI group vs. −17.05 ± 1.11 pA/pF in CCR9+/+/MI, p < 0.05; Ito: 4.01 ± 0.17 pA/pF in CCR9−/−/MI group vs. 2.71 ± 0.16 pA/pF in CCR9+/+/MI, p < 0.05). The confocal microscopy results revealed CCR9 knockout reversed the calcium transient and calcium content reduction in sarcoplasmic reticulum following MI. MEA measurements showed improved conduction velocity in CCR9−/−/MI mice (290.1 ± 34.47 cm/s in CCR9−/−/MI group vs. 113.2 ± 14.4 cm/s in CCR9+/+/MI group, p < 0.05). Western-blot results suggested connexin 43 expression was lowered after MI while CCR9 knockout improved its expression. Conclusion: This study shows CCR9 knockout prevents the electrical remodeling by normalizing ion currents, the calcium homeostasis, and the gap junction to maintain APD and the conduction function. It suggests CCR9 is a promising therapeutic target for MI-induced arrhythmia, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua-Sheng Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hector Barajas-Martinez
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnwood, PA, United States.,Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Cong-Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Wu X, Sun M, Yang Z, Lu C, Wang Q, Wang H, Deng C, Liu Y, Yang Y. The Roles of CCR9/CCL25 in Inflammation and Inflammation-Associated Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686548. [PMID: 34490243 PMCID: PMC8416662 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine is a structure-related protein with a relatively small molecular weight, which can target cells to chemotaxis and promote inflammatory response. Inflammation plays an important role in aging. C-C chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) and its ligand C-C chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) are involved in the regulating the occurrence and development of various diseases, which has become a research hotspot. Early research analysis of CCR9-deficient mouse models also confirmed various physiological functions of this chemokine in inflammatory responses. Moreover, CCR9/CCL25 has been shown to play an important role in a variety of inflammation-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, etc. Therefore, the purpose of this review gives an overview of the recent advances in understanding the roles of CCR9/CCL25 in inflammation and inflammation-associated diseases, which will contribute to the design of future experimental studies on the potential of CCR9/CCL25 and advance the research of CCR9/CCL25 as pharmacological inflammatory targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yonglin Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shenmu, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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13
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Obesity-induced changes in human islet G protein-coupled receptor expression: Implications for metabolic regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 228:107928. [PMID: 34174278 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that are the targets for many different classes of pharmacotherapy. The islets of Langerhans are central to appropriate glucose homeostasis through their secretion of insulin, and islet function can be modified by ligands acting at the large number of GPCRs that islets express. The human islet GPCRome is not a static entity, but one that is altered under pathophysiological conditions and, in this review, we have compared expression of GPCR mRNAs in human islets obtained from normal weight range donors, and those with a weight range classified as obese. We have also considered the likely outcomes on islet function that the altered GPCR expression status confers and the possible impact that adipokines, secreted from expanded fat depots, could have at those GPCRs showing altered expression in obesity.
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14
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Nanamiya R, Takei J, Asano T, Tanaka T, Sano M, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Hosono H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Development of Anti-Human CC Chemokine Receptor 9 Monoclonal Antibodies for Flow Cytometry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2021; 40:101-106. [PMID: 34161159 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) belongs to the beta chemokine receptor family and is mainly distributed on the surface of immature T lymphocytes and enterocytes. This receptor is highly expressed in rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, type 2 diabetes, and various tumors. Therefore, more sensitive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) need to be developed to predict the prognosis of many high CCR9 expression diseases. Because CCR9 is a structurally unstable G protein-coupled receptor, it has been difficult to develop anti-CCR9 mAbs using the traditional method. This study developed anti-human CCR9 (hCCR9) mAbs for flow cytometry using a Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method. Two mice were immunized with hCCR9-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells (CHO/hCCR9), and hybridomas showing strong signals from CHO/hCCR9 and no signals from CHO-K1 cells were selected by flow cytometry. We established an anti-hCCR9 mAb, C9Mab-1 (IgG1, kappa), which detected hCCR9 in MOLT-4 leukemia T lymphoblast cells and CHO/hCCR9 cells by flow cytometry. Our study showed that an anti-hCCR9 mAb was developed more rapidly by the CBIS method than the previous method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Hosono
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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15
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Umar S, Palasiewicz K, Van Raemdonck K, Volin MV, Romay B, Ahmad I, Tetali C, Sweiss N, Amin MA, Zomorrodi RK, Shahrara S. CCL25 and CCR9 is a unique pathway that potentiates pannus formation by remodeling RA macrophages into mature osteoclasts. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:903-914. [PMID: 33347617 PMCID: PMC10041658 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study elucidates the mechanism of CCL25 and CCR9 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA synovial fluid (SF) expresses elevated levels of CCL25 compared to OA SF and plasma from RA and normal. CCL25 was released into RA SF by fibroblasts (FLS) and macrophages (MΦs) stimulated with IL-1β and IL-6. CCR9 is also presented on IL-1β and IL-6 activated RA FLS and differentiated MΦs. Conversely, in RA PBMCs neither CCL25 nor CCR9 are impacted by 3-month longitudinal TNF inhibitor therapy. CCL25 amplifies RA FLS and monocyte infiltration via p38 and ERK phosphorylation. CCL25-stimulated RA FLS secrete potentiated levels of IL-8 which is disrupted by p38 and ERK inhibitors. CCL25 polarizes RA monocytes into nontraditional M1 MΦs that produce IL-8 and CCL2. Activation of p38 and ERK cascades are also responsible for the CCL25-induced M1 MΦ development. Unexpectedly, CCL25 was unable to polarize RA PBMCs into effector Th1/Th17 cells. Consistently, lymphokine like RANKL was uninvolved in CCL25-induced osteoclastogenesis; however, this manifestation was regulated by osteoclastic factors such as RANK, cathepsin K (CTSK), and TNF-α. In short, we reveal that CCL25/CCR9 manipulates RA FLS and MΦ migration and inflammatory phenotype in addition to osteoclast formation via p38 and ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiq Umar
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Karol Palasiewicz
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Katrien Van Raemdonck
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Michael V. Volin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL
| | - Bianca Romay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Chandana Tetali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Nadera Sweiss
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - M Asif Amin
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 481096
| | - Ryan K Zomorrodi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Shiva Shahrara
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
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16
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The Mechanism of PEDV-Carrying CD3 + T Cells Migrate into the Intestinal Mucosa of Neonatal Piglets. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030469. [PMID: 33809123 PMCID: PMC8000367 DOI: 10.3390/v13030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause intestinal infection in neonatal piglets through the nasal cavity. A process in which CD3+ T cells carry PEDV plays a key role. However, the modes through which PEDV bridles CD3+ T cells as a vehicle for migration to the intestinal epithelium have not been clarified. In this study, we first demonstrated that PEDV could survive in blood-derived CD3+ T cells for several hours, depending on the multiplicity of infection. In addition, PEDV preferentially survived in CD4+ T cells over CD8+ T cells. Moreover, viral transmission was mediated by cell-to-cell contact between mesenteric lymph-node-derived CD3+ T cells, but did not occur in blood-derived CD3+ T cells. Following an increase in gut-homing integrin α4β7, blood-derived CD3+ T cells carrying PEDV migrated to the intestines via blood circulation and transferred the virus to intestinal epithelial cells through cell-to-cell contact in neonatal piglets. Our findings have significant implications for understanding PEDV pathogenesis in neonatal piglets, which is essential for developing innovative therapies to prevent PEDV infection.
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17
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Wang J, Meng Z, Wang G, Fu Q, Zhang M. A CCL25 chemokine functions as a chemoattractant and an immunomodulator in black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:161-170. [PMID: 32135342 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are small cytokines that are classified into four groups, one of which is called CC chemokines. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of a CCL25 chemokine was identified from black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii (named as SsCCL25) by EST (expressed sequence tag) analysis. The cDNA of SsCCL25 consisted of a 5-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 74 bp, a 3-UTR of 882 bp with a poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 303 bp encoding a polypeptide of 100 amino acids with the putative molecular mass of 11.5 kDa. There was a SCY domain in the deduced amino acid sequence of SsCCL25. The phylogenetic relationships and syntenic analyses provided evidences for the identities of SsCCL25 with CCL25 group. The mRNA transcripts of SsCCL25 were expressed in all detected tissues and dominantly in liver, muscle and gill. Moreover, after Vibrio anguillarum stimulation, the mRNA expression levels of SsCCL25 were significantly up-regulated at 24 h (p < 0.05) in the liver and during 4-8 h (p < 0.05) in the spleen. Recombinant SsCCL25 protein induced chemotaxis of both control and LPS-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and enhanced their resistance to bacterial infection in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, rSsCCL25 showed significant inhibitory effect on V. anguillarum and Edwardsiella tarda growth. All these results collectively indicated that SsCCL25 might contribute to the defense against microbe infection and function as a chemoattractant in black rockfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Meng
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Guanghua Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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18
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Pabón-Porras MA, Molina-Ríos S, Flórez-Suárez JB, Coral-Alvarado PX, Méndez-Patarroyo P, Quintana-López G. Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: Pathophysiological mechanisms related to innate immune system. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119876146. [PMID: 35154753 PMCID: PMC8826259 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119876146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus are two highly prevalent autoimmune diseases that generate disability and low quality of life. The innate immune system, a long-forgotten issue in autoimmune diseases, is becoming increasingly important and represents a new focus for the treatment of these entities. This review highlights the role that innate immune system plays in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The role of the innate immune system in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus pathophysiology is not only important in early stages but is essential to maintain the immune response and to allow disease progression. In rheumatoid arthritis, genetic and environmental factors are involved in the initial stimulation of the innate immune response in which macrophages are the main participants, as well as fibroblast-like synoviocytes. In systemic lupus erythematosus, all the cells contribute to the inflammatory response, but the complement system is the major effector of the inflammatory process. Detecting alterations in the normal function of these cells, besides its contribution to the understanding of the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases, could help to establish new treatment strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Bruce Flórez-Suárez
- Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Ximena Coral-Alvarado
- Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paul Méndez-Patarroyo
- Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gerardo Quintana-López
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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19
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Li P, Wang X, Guo X, Wen Y, Liu L, Liang X, Du Y, Wu C, Wang S, Zhang F. Integrative analysis of genome-wide association study and expression quantitative trait loci datasets identified various immune cell-related pathways for rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 84:72-79. [PMID: 31486066 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune chronic disorder manifesting as warm, swollen, and painful joints. Multiple immune cells are implicated in the development of RA. Previous studies demonstrated that integrating the genetic information of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) is capable of identifying new disease-risk loci and providing novel insights into the etiology of complex human disease. In this study, we conducted an integrative pathway association analysis of RA by using GWAS summary data and five immune cell types related to eQTL datasets of RA. After combining the cell-specific eQTLs and GWAS summary of RA and performing a pathway-enrichment analysis, we detected a group of RA-associated pathways with common or cell-specific enriched in the five immune cell types. 41 pathways for B cells, 33 pathways for CD4+ T cells, 27 pathways for CD8+ T cells, 39 pathways for monocyte, and 25 pathways for natural killer cells are significant in RA, among which 48% are common pathways and 32% are cell-specific pathways. We detected a group of RA-associated eQTL pathways related to five different immune cell types. Our findings may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wen
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Du
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Sen Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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20
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Cederroth CR, Park JS, Basinou V, Weger BD, Tserga E, Sarlus H, Magnusson AK, Kadri N, Gachon F, Canlon B. Circadian Regulation of Cochlear Sensitivity to Noise by Circulating Glucocorticoids. Curr Biol 2019; 29:2477-2487.e6. [PMID: 31353184 PMCID: PMC6904421 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The cochlea possesses a robust circadian clock machinery that regulates auditory function. How the cochlear clock is influenced by the circadian system remains unknown. Here, we show that cochlear rhythms are system driven and require local Bmal1 as well as central input from the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). SCN ablations disrupted the circadian expression of the core clock genes in the cochlea. Because the circadian secretion of glucocorticoids (GCs) is controlled by the SCN and GCs are known to modulate auditory function, we assessed their influence on circadian gene expression. Removal of circulating GCs by adrenalectomy (ADX) did not have a major impact on core clock gene expression in the cochlea. Rather it abolished the transcription of clock-controlled genes involved in inflammation. ADX abolished the known differential auditory sensitivity to day and night noise trauma and prevented the induction of GABA-ergic and glutamate receptors mRNA transcripts. However, these improvements were unrelated to changes at the synaptic level, suggesting other cochlear functions may be involved. Due to this circadian regulation of noise sensitivity by GCs, we evaluated the actions of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) at different times of the day. DEX was effective in protecting from acute noise trauma only when administered during daytime, when circulating glucocorticoids are low, indicating that chronopharmacological approaches are important for obtaining optimal treatment strategies for hearing loss. GCs appear as a major regulator of the differential sensitivity to day or night noise trauma, a mechanism likely involving the circadian control of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung-Sub Park
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164, Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Vasiliki Basinou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Benjamin D Weger
- Department of Diabetes and Circadian Rhythms, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evangelia Tserga
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Heela Sarlus
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Anna K Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Nadir Kadri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Frédéric Gachon
- Department of Diabetes and Circadian Rhythms, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Canlon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
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21
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Ringe J, Hemmati-Sadeghi S, Fröhlich K, Engels A, Reiter K, Dehne T, Sittinger M. CCL25-Supplemented Hyaluronic Acid Attenuates Cartilage Degeneration in a Guinea Pig Model of Knee Osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1723-1729. [PMID: 30977553 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that the application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) counteracts osteoarthritis (OA) progression. However, the prospect of extracting and expanding these cells might be limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyaluronic acid (HA) supplemented with MSC-recruiting chemokine C-C motif ligand 25 (CCL25) can influence the natural course of spontaneous OA in the guinea pig. CCL25 concentration in synovial fluid (SF) was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Boyden chamber cell migration assay was used to test CCL25-mediated migration of guinea pig MSC. Forty-nine 11-month-old male guinea pigs were divided into seven groups. The main treatments consisted of five intra-articular injections of HA in pure form and in combination with three doses of CCL25 (63, 693, and 6,993 pg) given at a weekly interval. The severity of cartilage damage was assessed by using a modified Mankin score. The measured average physiological concentration of CCL25 in SF of animals is 85 ± 39 pg/ml. MSC showed a 3.2-fold increase in cell migration at 1,000 nM CCL25 in vitro demonstrating the biological migratory activity of CCL25 on these cells. In vivo, treatment with HA alone did not reduce OA progression. Similarly, OA scores were not found significantly reduced after treatment with 63 pg CCL25 + HA. However, when compared to pure HA, treatment with 693 pg CCL25 + HA and 6,993 pg CCL25 + HA significantly reduced the OA score from 10.1 to 7.4 (-28%) and 8.4 (-20%), respectively. These data suggest that intra-articular injections of HA supplemented with CCL25 attenuates OA. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1723-1729, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Ringe
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shabnam Hemmati-Sadeghi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Fröhlich
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Engels
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Reiter
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Föhrer Straße 15, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilo Dehne
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Duan K, Hua X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Shi W, Tang L, Li Y, Liu M. Oral immunization with a recombinant Lactobacillus expressing CK6 fused with VP2 protein against IPNV in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 83:223-231. [PMID: 30217507 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infects wild and cultured salmonid fish causing high mortality with serious economic losses to salmonid aquaculture. Ideally, the method of oral immunization should prevent the infection of rainbow trout juveniles with IPNV. In the present study, genetically engineered Lactobacillus casei 393 pPG-612-VP2/L. casei 393 and pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 constitutively expressing VP2 protein of IPNV were constructed. The recombinant strains pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 and pPG-612-VP2/L. casei 393 were orally administrated to juvenile rainbow trouts, and significant titers of IgM and IgT of pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 were observed. The results demonstrate that the recombinants could elicit both local mucosal and systemic immune responses. The proliferation of spleen lymphocytes in trouts immunized with pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 showed that the recombinant strain could induce a strong cellular immune response. The IL-1β, IL-8, CK6, MHC-II, Mx, β-defensin, and TNF-1α levels in the spleen and gut suggest that the target molecular chemokine has the ability to attract relevant immune cells to participate in the inflammatory response and enhance the function of the innate immune response. Additionally, the pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 induced the expression of cytokines, which have the effect of promoting inflammation to drive the differentiation of macrophages and clear target cells. After challenging with IPNV, the reduction in viral load caused by pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 was significantly higher than that of the other groups. Thus, the recombinant pPG-612-CK6-VP2/L. casei 393 is a promising candidate for the development of an oral vaccine against IPNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Hua
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijie Tang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yijing Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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23
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Rana AK, Li Y, Dang Q, Yang F. Monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: Circulating precursors of macrophages and osteoclasts and, their heterogeneity and plasticity role in RA pathogenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 65:348-359. [PMID: 30366278 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic, autoimmune and inflammatory disease represented as synovitis, pannus formation, adjacent bone erosions, and joint destruction. The major cells involved in the perpetuation of RA pathogenesis are CD4+ T-cells (mainly Th1 cells and Th17 cells), fibroblasts like synoviocytes (FLS), macrophages and B cells. Other autoimmune cells such as dendritic cells, neutrophils, mast cells, and monocytes also contribute to RA pathogenesis. Monocytes are mainly bone marrow (BM) derived cells in the circulation. The chemokine receptors CCR2 and CX3CR1 expressed by monocytes interact with chemokine ligands CCL2 (MCP-1) and CX3CL1 (fractalkine) respectively produced by FLS and this interaction promotes their migration and recruitment into RA synovium. Activated monocytes on their surface exhibit upregulated antigenic expressions such as CD14, CD16, HLA-DR, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and adhesion molecules B1 and B2 integrins. RA monocytes interconnect with other cells in a positive loop manner in the propagation of the rheumatoid process. They skew towards mainly intermediate monocyte subsets (CD14++ CD16+) which produce proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Moreover, the predominant intermediate monocytes in RA differentiate into M1-macrophages which play a major role in synovial inflammation. Demonstrations suggest monocytes with CD14+ and CD16- expression (classical monocytes?) differentiate to osteoclasts which are the cells responsible for bone erosion in RA synovial joints. Th17 cells induce the production of RANKL by FLS which promotes osteoclastogenesis. Cytokines mainly TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 amplify osteoclastogenesis. Hence, monocytes are the circulating precursors of macrophages and osteoclasts in RA. AIM OF THE REVIEW: To enlighten the identity of monocytes, the antigenic expression on monocyte surface and their cytokines role in RA. We also emphasize about the chemokine receptors expressed by monocytes subsets and chemotaxis of circulating monocytes into RA synovium. Additionally, we review monocytes as the circulating precursors of macrophages and osteoclasts in RA joints and their heterogeneity and plasticity role in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Rana
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
| | - Qiujie Dang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
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24
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Spinnen J, Ringe J, Sittinger M. CCL25 chemokine-guided stem cell attraction: an assessment of possible benefits and risks. Regen Med 2018; 13:833-844. [PMID: 30284497 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its chemoattraction potential on mesenchymal stromal cells of the CCL25/CCR9 axis, local application of CCL25 to severely damaged tissues may be a promising approach for regenerative therapies. Analysis of the given data revealed that CCL25/CCR9 signaling has a crucial role in regulation of an adult immune homeostasis. CCR9 expression variations resulted in dysfunctional immune response in colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and endometriosis. Regarding oncology, different neoplastic tissues exploit CCL25-dependent CCR9 signaling for either local proliferation or migration processes. The CCR9 pathway likely can trigger crosstalk between the Akt and NOTCH pathway and thus participate in the regulation of the neoplastic behavior. In conclusion, the designated application-tissue requires precise molecular analysis of possible CCR9 expression due to its proto-oncogenic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Spinnen
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Ringe
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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25
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Wang C, Liu Z, Xu Z, Wu X, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Wei J. The role of chemokine receptor 9/chemokine ligand 25 signaling: From immune cells to cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2071-2077. [PMID: 30008902 PMCID: PMC6036326 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) and chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) are important regulators of migration, proliferation and apoptosis in leukocytes and cancer cells. Blocking of the CCR9/CCL25 signal has been demonstrated to be a potential novel cancer therapy. Research into CCR9 and CCL25 has revealed their associated upstream and downstream signaling pathways; CCR9 is regulated by several immunological factors, including NOTCH, interleukin 2, interleukin 4 and retinoic acid. NOTCH in particular, has been revealed to be a crucial upstream regulator of CCR9. Furthermore, proteins including matrix metalloproteinases, P-glycoprotein, Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin and Livin are regulated via phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B, which are in turn stimulated by CCR9/CCL25. This is a review of the current literature on the functions and signaling pathways of CCR9/CCL25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghuan Liu
- Department of Urology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dongyang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jianqin Wei
- The University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33136, USA
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26
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Peck Y, Leom LT, Low PFP, Wang DA. Establishment of an in vitro three-dimensional model for cartilage damage in rheumatoid arthritis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e237-e249. [PMID: 28079986 DOI: 10.1002/term.2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to progressive joint destruction. To further understand the process of rheumatoid cartilage damage, an in vitro model consisting of an interactive tri-culture of synovial fibroblasts (SFs), LPS-stimulated macrophages and a primary chondrocyte-based tissue-engineered construct was established. The tissue-engineered construct has a composition similar to that of human cartilage, which is rich in collagen type II and proteoglycans. Data generated from this model revealed that healthy chondrocytes were activated in the presence of SFs and macrophages. The activated chondrocytes subsequently displayed aberrant behaviours as seen in a disease state such as increased apoptosis, decreased gene expression for matrix components such as type II collagen and aggrecan, increased gene expression for tissue-degrading enzymes (MMP-1, -3, -13 and ADAMTS-4, -5), and upregulation of inflammatory mediator gene expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IKBKB). Additionally, the inclusion of SFs and macrophages in the model enabled both cell types to more closely replicate an in vivo role in mediating cartilage destruction. This is evidenced by extensive matrix loss, detected in the model through immunostaining and biochemical analysis. Subsequent drug treatment with celecoxib has shown that the model was able to respond to the therapeutic effects of this drug by reversing cartilage damage. This study showed that the model was able to recapitulate certain pathological features of an RA cartilage. If properly validated, this model potentially can be used for screening new therapeutic drugs and strategies, thereby contributing to the improvement of anti-rheumatic treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Peck
- Division of BioEngineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Li Ting Leom
- Division of BioEngineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Pei Fen Patricia Low
- Division of BioEngineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Dong-An Wang
- Division of BioEngineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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27
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Aquilino C, Granja AG, Castro R, Wang T, Abos B, Parra D, Secombes CJ, Tafalla C. Rainbow trout CK9, a CCL25-like ancient chemokine that attracts and regulates B cells and macrophages, the main antigen presenting cells in fish. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17547-64. [PMID: 27003360 PMCID: PMC4951232 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CK9 is a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) CC chemokine phylogenetically related to mammalian CCL25. Although CK9 is known to be transcriptionally regulated in response to inflammation particularly in mucosal tissues, its functionality has never been revealed. In the current work, we have demonstrated that CK9 is chemoattractant for antigen presenting cells (APCs) expressing major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) on the cell surface. Among these APCs, CK9 has a strong chemotactic capacity for both B cells (IgM+ and IgT+) and macrophages. Along with its chemotactic capacities, CK9 modulated the MHC II turnover of B lymphocytes and up-regulated the phagocytic capacity of both IgM+ cells and macrophages. Although CK9 had no lymphoproliferative effects, it increased the survival of IgT+ lymphocytes. Furthermore, we have established that the chemoattractant capacity of CK9 is strongly increased after pre-incubation of leukocytes with a T-independent antigen, whereas B cell receptor (BCR) cross-linking strongly abrogated their capacity to migrate to CK9, indicating that CK9 preferentially attracts B cells at the steady state or under BCR-independent stimulation. These results point to CK9 being a key regulator of B lymphocyte trafficking in rainbow trout, able to modulate innate functions of teleost B lymphocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Aquilino
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), Spain
| | - Aitor G Granja
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), Spain
| | - Rosario Castro
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), Spain
| | - Tiehui Wang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Beatriz Abos
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), Spain
| | - David Parra
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), Spain
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28
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Pharmacological opportunities to control inflammatory diseases through inhibition of the leukocyte recruitment. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:37-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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29
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Huang Y, Wang D, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu T, Chen Y, Tang Y, Wang T, Hu D, Huang C. Abrogation of CC chemokine receptor 9 ameliorates ventricular remodeling in mice after myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32660. [PMID: 27585634 PMCID: PMC5009347 DOI: 10.1038/srep32660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9), which is a unique receptor for CC chemokine ligand (CCL25), is mainly expressed on lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes/macrophages. CCR9 mediates the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells and participates in the pathological progression of inflammatory diseases. However, the role of CCR9 in the pathological process of myocardial infarction (MI) remains unexplored; inflammation plays a key role in this process. Here, we used CCR9 knockout mice to determine the functional significance of CCR9 in regulating post-MI cardiac remodeling and its underlying mechanism. MI was induced by surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in CCR9 knockout mice and their CCR9+/+ littermates. Our results showed that the CCR9 expression levels were up-regulated in the hearts of the MI mice. Abrogation of CCR9 improved the post-MI survival rate and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and decreased the infarct size. In addition, the CCR9 knockout mice exhibited attenuated inflammation, apoptosis, structural and electrical remodeling compared with the CCR9+/+ MI mice. Mechanistically, CCR9 mainly regulated the pathological response by interfering with the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, the data reveal that CCR9 serves as a novel modulator of pathological progression following MI through NF-κB and MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Dan Hu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
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30
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Koga A, Kajihara I, Yamada S, Makino K, Ichihara A, Aoi J, Makino T, Fukushima S, Jinnin M, Ihn H. Enhanced CCR9 expression levels in psoriatic skin are associated with poor clinical outcome to infliximab treatment. J Dermatol 2015; 43:522-5. [PMID: 26507968 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Infliximab is an anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody drug that suppresses TNF-α and its associated inflammatory responses. Although infliximab therapy generally results in a 75% or greater improvement in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index from baseline in psoriasis patients, there is the heterogeneity of therapeutic efficacy in psoriasis patients among patients of a similar PASI baseline score. However, there are few published reports about the predictors of the clinical response among psoriasis patients who undergo biologic therapies. We thus evaluated the possible existence of biologic markers that would indicate poor prognosis of infliximab using skin biopsy specimens. This was because we assumed that the inhibitors for upregulated chemokine/chemokine receptors in non-responders may have the ability to reduce the occurrence of psoriatic eruptions. PCR array analyses identified that the levels of various chemokines and chemokine receptors were increased in non-responders in comparison to responders. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that upregulation of the CCR9 protein levels was not associated with the pretherapeutic PASI score, but with poor response to infliximab. Our results indicated that the expression levels of CCR9 in lesional skin may be a useful biologic marker of the clinical efficacy of infliximab therapy in psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Koga
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikko Kajihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saori Yamada
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Katsunari Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Asako Ichihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Aoi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Yokoyama W, Kohsaka H, Kaneko K, Walters M, Takayasu A, Fukuda S, Miyabe C, Miyabe Y, Love PE, Nakamoto N, Kanai T, Watanabe-Imai K, Charvat TT, Penfold ME, Jaen J, Schall TJ, Harigai M, Miyasaka N, Nanki T. Abrogation of CC chemokine receptor 9 ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis of mice. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:445. [PMID: 25248373 PMCID: PMC4201712 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-014-0445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biological drugs are effective in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but increase severe infections. The CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 9 antagonist was effective for Crohn's disease without critical adverse effects including infections in clinical trials. The present study was carried out to explore the pathogenic roles of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) 25 and its receptor, CCR9, in autoimmune arthritis and to study if the CCR9 antagonist could be a new treatment for RA. METHODS CCL25 and CCR9 expression was examined with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Effects of abrogating CCR9 on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was evaluated using CCR9-deficient mice or the CCR9 antagonist, CCX8037. Fluorescence labeled-CD11b+ splenocytes from CIA mice were transferred to recipient CIA mice and those infiltrating into the synovial tissues of the recipient mice were counted. RESULTS CCL25 and CCR9 proteins were found in the RA synovial tissues. CCR9 was expressed on macrophages, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and dendritic cells in the synovial tissues. Stimulation with CCL25 increased IL-6 and MMP-3 production from RA FLS, and IL-6 and TNF-α production from peripheral blood monocytes. CIA was suppressed in CCR9-deficient mice. CCX8037 also inhibited CIA and the migration of transferred CD11b+ splenocytes into the synovial tissues. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between CCL25 and CCR9 may play important roles in cell infiltration into the RA synovial tissues and inflammatory mediator production. Blocking CCL25 or CCR9 may represent a novel safe therapy for RA.
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Oxidized lipids and lysophosphatidylcholine induce the chemotaxis, up-regulate the expression of CCR9 and CXCR4 and abrogate the release of IL-6 in human monocytes. Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:2840-56. [PMID: 25251539 PMCID: PMC4179163 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6092840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids through regulation of chronic inflammation play key roles in the development of various diseases. Here, we report that a mixed population of human primary monocytes migrated towards LPC, as well as oxidized linoleic acid isoforms 9-S-HODE, 9-R-HODE and 13-R-HODE. Incubation with 9-R-HODE, 13-R-HODE and LPC resulted in increased expression of CXCR4, the receptor for SDF-1α/CXCL12, correlated with increased monocyte migration towards SDF-1α/CXCL12. Further, we report increased expression of CCR9, the receptor for TECK/CCL25, after stimulation with these lipids. Upon examining the migratory response towards TECK/CCL25, it was observed that an increase in CCR9 expression upon pre-treatment with 9-S-HODE, 9-R-HODE, 13-R-HODE and LPC resulted in increased migration of monocytes expressing CCR9. Only LPC but not any other lipid examined increased the influx of intracellular Ca2+ in monocytes. Finally, 9-S-HODE, 9-R-HODE, 13-R-HODE, or LPC inhibited the release of IL-6 from monocytes suggesting that these lipids may play important role in controlling inflammatory responses.
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Wurbel MA, Bras SL, Ibourk M, Pardo M, McIntire MG, Coco D, Geha RS, Fiebiger E, Snapper SB. CCL25/CCR9 interactions are not essential for colitis development but are required for innate immune cell protection from chronic experimental murine colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:1165-76. [PMID: 24874458 PMCID: PMC6249688 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chemokine CCL25, and its receptor CCR9, constitute a unique chemokine/receptor pair, which regulates trafficking of T lymphocytes to the small intestine under physiological conditions and is an attractive target for small bowel Crohn's disease drug development. We have previously shown that CCL25/CCR9 interactions regulate the recovery from acute dextran sulfate sodium-induced colonic inflammation. In this study, we explored whether these interactions also regulate chronic colitis development in 2 independent murine models of experimental colitis. METHODS Histological flow cytometry and qPCR analyses were performed to evaluate the role of CL25 and CCR9 in chronic colonic inflammation induced by serial exposures to dextran sulfate sodium salts or by adoptive transfer of CD45RB(hi) CD4(+) T cell into lymphopenic mice devoid of CCL25/CCR9 interactions. RESULTS Chronic dextran sulfate sodium exposure results in exacerbated colitis in mice deficient for either CCR9 or CCL25 when compared with wild-type control mice. Although CCR9-deficient T cells traffic to the colon and induce severe colitis similar to wild-type T cells in the CD45RB transfer model, naive wild-type T cells induce more severe disease in recipient animals devoid of CCL25 expression. CONCLUSIONS CCL25/CCR9 interactions are required for modulating protection against large intestinal inflammation in 2 models of chronic colitis. These data may have implications for the potential effects of disrupting CCL25/CCR9 interactions in humans in the setting of intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-André Wurbel
- Divisions of Gastroenterology/Nutrition and Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Severine Le Bras
- Divisions of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Mouna Ibourk
- Divisions of Gastroenterology/Nutrition and Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Michael Pardo
- Divisions of Gastroenterology/Nutrition and Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Maria G. McIntire
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dominique Coco
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raif S. Geha
- Divisions of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Edda Fiebiger
- Divisions of Gastroenterology/Nutrition and Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Scott B. Snapper
- Divisions of Gastroenterology/Nutrition and Boston Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
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Cartwright A, Schmutz C, Askari A, Kuiper JH, Middleton J. Orphan receptor GPR15/BOB is up-regulated in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine 2014; 67:53-9. [PMID: 24725539 PMCID: PMC3996549 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors on leukocytes mediate the recruitment and accumulation of these cells within affected joints in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Identification of involved receptors offers potential for development of therapeutic interventions. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of orphan receptor GPR15/BOB in the synovium of RA and non-RA patients and in peripheral blood of RA patients and healthy donors. GPR15/BOB protein and messenger RNA expression were examined in RA and non-RA synovium by immunofluorescence and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. GPR15/BOB expression on peripheral blood leukocytes was analysed by flow cytometry and GPR15/BOB messenger RNA was examined in peripheral blood monocytes by RT-PCR. GPR15/BOB protein was observed in CD68+ and CD14+ macrophages in synovia, with greater expression in RA synovia. GPR15/BOB protein was expressed in all patient synovia whereas in non-RA synovia expression was low or absent. Similarly GPR15/BOB messenger RNA was detected in all RA and a minority of non-RA synovia. GPR15/BOB protein was expressed on peripheral blood leukocytes from RA and healthy individuals with increased expression by monocytes and neutrophils in RA. GPR15/BOB messenger RNA expression was confirmed in peripheral blood monocytes. In conclusion GPR15/BOB is expressed by macrophages in synovial tissue and on monocytes and neutrophils in peripheral blood, and expression is up-regulated in RA patients compared to non-RA controls. This orphan receptor on monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils may play a role in RA pathophysiology.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Flow Cytometry
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Humans
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/blood
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Peptide/blood
- Receptors, Peptide/genetics
- Receptors, Peptide/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Synovial Membrane/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Cartwright
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University at Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Schmutz
- Division of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ayman Askari
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University at Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Jan-Herman Kuiper
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University at Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Middleton
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University at Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Oral and Dental Sciences, Bristol University, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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Hoshino A, Hanada S, Yamada H, Mii S, Takahashi M, Mitarai S, Yamamoto K, Manome Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis escapes from the phagosomes of infected human osteoclasts reprograms osteoclast development via dysregulation of cytokines and chemokines. Pathog Dis 2013; 70:28-39. [PMID: 23929604 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal tuberculosis is a condition characterized by massive resorption of the spinal vertebrae due to the infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, the pathogenesis of spinal tuberculosis has not been established because it was almost completely eradicated by the establishment of antibiotic treatment in the mid-20th century. In this study, we investigated the inflammatory responses of human multinucleated osteoclasts infected with virulent Mtb strain. We found that the intracellular Mtb infection of multinuclear osteoclasts resulted in the rapid growth of Mtb and an osteolytic response, rather than inflammation. In response to Mtb infection, the mononuclear osteoclast precursors produced proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, an intrinsic characteristic they share with macrophages. In contrast, highly fused multinucleated osteoclasts incapacitated the production of these cytokines. Instead, the intracellular Mtb inside multinuclear osteoclasts escaped from the endosome/phagosome, leading to a different pattern of osteoclast activation, with the production of chemokines such as CCL5, CCL17, CCL20, CCL22, CCL24, and CCL25. Moreover, intracellular infection with an avirulent Mtb strain resulted in diminished production of these chemokines. These findings indicate that intracellular Mtb infection in multinuclear osteoclasts reprograms osteoclast development via the dysregulation of cytokines and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Hoshino
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Schwenteit JM, Breithaupt A, Teifke JP, Koppang EO, Bornscheuer UT, Fischer U, Gudmundsdottir BK. Innate and adaptive immune responses of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus, L.) during infection with Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes and the effect of the AsaP1 toxin. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:866-873. [PMID: 23811350 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes, the causative agent of atypical furunculosis in many fish species, secretes the toxic metalloendopeptidase AsaP1. This study aimed to analyze innate and adaptive immune parameters induced in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus, L.) infected with wild type (wt) A. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes and its isogenic asaP1 deletion mutant (AsaP1-deficient). Head-kidney, liver and spleen were obtained from i.p. infected charr (wt, AsaP1-deficient), during a time schedule of 7 d post infection. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was applied to study the expression of immune parameters: pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α; anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; chemokines CXCL-8 (IL-8) and CC-chemokine; the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4/13A as tracers for Th1 and Th2 immune responses, respectively; and the cell markers CD8α and CD83. In addition, lymphoid organs were histopathologically examined at days 3 and 7 post infection, including B (IgM) and T (CD3ε) cell staining. The detected immune responses were initially driven by innate mechanisms represented by the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and later on by adaptive Th2 related responses cumulating in B-cell recruitment as shown by regulation of immune parameters in spleen and head-kidney, with significant differences between mutant and wt infected fish. Histological sections revealed IgM-positive cells around ellipsoid arterioles in spleen, while CD3ε positive cells were found in clusters scattered all over the section. However, histopathological differences were only detected between infected and non-infected fish, but not between AsaP1-deficient mutant and wt infected fish. This work represents the first study on innate and adaptive immune responses of Arctic charr induced by a bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Schwenteit
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur, Keldnavegur 3, IS-112 Reykjavík, Iceland.
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Qiu Q, Zheng Z, Chang L, Zhao YS, Tan C, Dandekar A, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Gui M, Li X, Zhang T, Kong Q, Li H, Chen S, Chen A, Kaufman RJ, Yang WL, Lin HK, Zhang D, Perlman H, Thorp E, Zhang K, Fang D. Toll-like receptor-mediated IRE1α activation as a therapeutic target for inflammatory arthritis. EMBO J 2013; 32:2477-90. [PMID: 23942232 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2013.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), macrophage is one of the major sources of inflammatory mediators. Macrophages produce inflammatory cytokines through toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signalling during RA. Herein, we studied macrophages from the synovial fluid of RA patients and observed a significant increase in activation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), a primary unfolded protein response (UPR) transducer. Myeloid-specific deletion of the IRE1α gene protected mice from inflammatory arthritis, and treatment with the IRE1α-specific inhibitor 4U8C attenuated joint inflammation in mice. IRE1α was required for optimal production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as evidenced by impaired TLR-induced cytokine production in IRE1α-null macrophages and neutrophils. Further analyses demonstrated that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) plays a key role in TLR-mediated IRE1α activation by catalysing IRE1α ubiquitination and blocking the recruitment of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a phosphatase that inhibits IRE1α phosphorylation. In summary, we discovered a novel regulatory axis through TRAF6-mediated IRE1α ubiquitination in regulating TLR-induced IRE1α activation in pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and demonstrated that IRE1α is a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chu PS, Nakamoto N, Ebinuma H, Usui S, Saeki K, Matsumoto A, Mikami Y, Sugiyama K, Tomita K, Kanai T, Saito H, Hibi T. C-C motif chemokine receptor 9 positive macrophages activate hepatic stellate cells and promote liver fibrosis in mice. Hepatology 2013; 58:337-50. [PMID: 23460364 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chemokine receptors mediate migration of immune cells into the liver, thereby promoting liver inflammation. C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR) 9(+) macrophages are crucial in the pathogenesis of acute liver inflammation, but the role and underlying mechanisms of this macrophage subset in chronic liver injury and subsequent liver fibrosis are not fully understood. We confirmed that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-producing CCR9(+) macrophages accumulated during the initiation of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced liver injury, and CCR9 deficiency attenuated the degree of liver damage. Accumulation of CCR9(+) macrophages persisted prominently during the process of liver fibrosis induced by repetitive CCl4 or thioacetamide (TAA)/leptin administration. Increased CCR9 expression was also found on activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Importantly, experimental liver fibrosis was significantly ameliorated in CCR9(-/-) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, assessed by α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunostain, Sirius red staining, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of α-SMA, collagen 1α1, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1. Accumulated CD11b(+) macrophages in CCl4 -treated WT mice showed marked increases in TNF, NO synthase-2, and TGF-β1 mRNA expression compared with CCR9(-/-) mice, implying proinflammatory and profibrogenic properties. Hepatic CD11b(+) macrophages from CCl4 -treated WT mice (i.e., CCR9(+) macrophages), but not CD8(+) T lymphocytes or non-CD11b(+) cells, significantly activated HSCs in vitro compared with those from CCR9(-/-) mice. TNF-α or TGF-β1 antagonism attenuated CCR9(+) macrophage-induced HSC activation. Furthermore, C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 25 mediated migration and, to a lesser extent, activation of HSCs in vitro. CONCLUSION Accumulated CD11b(+) macrophages are critical for activating HSCs through the CCR9/CCL25 axis and therefore promote liver fibrosis. CCR9 antagonism might be a novel therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Sung Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Anti-CCL25 antibody prolongs skin allograft survival by blocking CCR9 expression and impairing splenic T-cell function. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2013; 61:237-44. [PMID: 23456208 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-013-0223-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines, by virtue of their ability to recruit immune cells into allografts, play critical roles in acute transplantation rejection. CCR9 and its ligand, CCL25, is one of the key regulators of thymocyte migration and maturation in normal and inflammatory conditions. Moreover, several studies have revealed that high expression of CCR9 and CCL25 participated in many kinds of diseases. However, the role of CCR9 in allograft rejection is still unclear. In this study, we established a murine skin transplantation model of acute rejection. Our findings showed that the proportion of CCR9-expressing T cells was significantly increased in the spleen of allotransplanted mice compared with syngeneic transplantation. Furthermore, expression of CCL25 in allograft was similarly increased. Neutralization of CCL25 by intravenous injection of anti-CCL25 monoclonal antibody significantly prolonged skin allograft survival, decreased the number of infiltrating cells, and simultaneously suppressed the chemotactic ability and the proliferation of the splenic T cells in response to allogeneic antigens. Finally, blockade of CCL25 also diminished the secretion of IFN-γ by splenic T cells. These studies indicated that CCR9/CCL25 was involved in acute transplantation rejection and anti-CCL25 strategies might be useful in preventing acute rejection.
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40
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Arvonen M, Vähäsalo P, Turunen S, Salo HM, Mäki M, Laurila K, Vaarala O, Karttunen TJ. Altered expression of intestinal human leucocyte antigen D-related and immune signalling molecules in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 170:266-73. [PMID: 23121667 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04663.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to study intestinal immune activation status in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by assessing intestinal human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II expression and the mRNA expression levels of the pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and pattern recognition receptors. HLA-D-related (HLA-DR) expression was assessed using immunohistochemical staining of frozen sections in 11 children with JIA and 17 controls. The gene expression levels of the anti- and proinflammatory cytokines, lymphocyte recognition receptors and pattern recognition receptors were studied with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 14 children with JIA and 12 controls. All subjects had various gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms indicating endoscopic examinations, but eventually were not diagnosed with GI disease. In JIA patients, the expression of HLA-DR was increased in the crypt epithelial cells and in the epithelial basement membrane of the ileum when compared with the controls. Positive HLA-DR staining in the ileal mucosa was associated with the presence of high clinical disease activity of JIA and low mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory mediators, such as forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3), glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. Low ileal expression of interleukin (IL)-10, TGF-β, FoxP3, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) and TLR-4 transcripts correlated significantly with a high clinical disease activity in the JIA patients. The increased HLA-DR expression suggests enhanced intestinal antigen presentation in JIA. A correlation between clinical disease activity and low gene expression of tolerogenic mediators in the ileum supports the hypothesis that a link exists between the gut immune system and JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arvonen
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: It has been demonstrated that circulating monocytes relocate to the intestinal mucosa during intestinal inflammation, but the phenotype and inflammatory mechanisms of these monocytes remain poorly understood. Here, we have investigated blood monocytes expressing high levels of HLA-DR and CCR9 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Fifty-one patients with mild to severe ulcerative colitis (UC; n=31; UC-DAI 3–12) or Crohn's disease (CD; n=20; Harvey–Bradshaw indices (HBI) 2–16) were included together with 14 controls, during IBD therapy for four consecutive weeks. The frequency of CD14+HLA-DRhi monocytes was monitored weekly in peripheral blood, using flow cytometry. The surface phenotype and cytokine profile of these monocytes were established using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. Clinical parameters were assessed weekly in all patients. RESULTS: The frequency of circulating CD14+HLA-DRhi monocytes was significantly higher in IBD patients with moderate to severe disease compared with healthy controls (P<0.001). During treatment with corticosteroids and granulocyte/monocyte apheresis, the proportion of circulating CD14+HLA-DRhi monocytes was significantly reduced. CD14+HLA-DRhi monocytes produced high levels of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and expressed the gut-homing receptor CCR9. Furthermore, we found that the CCR9 ligand, CCL25/TECK, was expressed at high levels in the colonic mucosa in IBD patients with active disease. CONCLUSIONS: CD14+HLA-DRhi blood monocytes were increased in patients with active IBD. These monocytes exhibit a pro-inflammatory, gut-homing phenotype with regard to their TNF-α production and expression of CCR9. Our results suggest that these monocytes are important in mediating intestinal inflammation, and provide potential therapeutic targets in IBD.
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Mizukami T, Kanai T, Mikami Y, Hayashi A, Doi T, Handa T, Matsumoto A, Jun L, Matsuoka K, Sato T, Hisamatsu T, Hibi T. CCR9+ macrophages are required for eradication of peritoneal bacterial infections and prevention of polymicrobial sepsis. Immunol Lett 2012; 147:75-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Nakamoto N, Ebinuma H, Kanai T, Chu PS, Ono Y, Mikami Y, Ojiro K, Lipp M, Love PE, Saito H, Hibi T. CCR9+ macrophages are required for acute liver inflammation in mouse models of hepatitis. Gastroenterology 2012; 142:366-76. [PMID: 22079594 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are involved in the induction of liver inflammation. We investigated the roles of specific APCs in the pathogenesis of acute liver injury in mice. METHODS We used concanavalin A (con A) or carbon tetrachloride to induce acute liver inflammation in mice and studied the roles of macrophages that express CCR9. RESULTS After injection of con A, we detected CCR9(+)CD11b(+)CD11c(-) macrophages that express tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in livers of mice, whereas CCR9(+)Siglec-H(+)CD11b(-)CD11c(low) plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), which are abundant in normal livers, disappeared. The CCR9(+) macrophages were also detected in the livers of RAG-2(-/-) mice, which lack lymphocytes and natural killer T cells, after injection of con A. Under inflammatory conditions, CCR9(+) macrophages induced naive CD4(+) T cells to become interferon gamma-producing Th1 cells in vivo and in vitro. CCR9(-/-) mice injected with con A did not develop hepatitis unless they also received CCR9(+) macrophages from mice that received con A; more CCR9(+) macrophages accumulated in their inflamed livers than CCR9(+) pDCs, CCR9(-) pDCs, or CCR9(-) macrophages isolated from mice that had received injections of con A. Levels of CCL25 messenger RNA increased in livers after injection of con A; neutralizing antibodies against CCL25 reduced the induction of hepatitis by con A by blocking the migration of CCR9(+) macrophages and their production of TNF-α. Peripheral blood samples from patients with acute hepatitis had greater numbers of TNF-α-producing CCR9(+)CD14(+)CD16(high) monocytes than controls. CONCLUSIONS CCR9(+) macrophages contribute to the induction of acute liver inflammation in mouse models of hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang RC, Chen J, Li CH, Lu XJ, Shi YH. Prokaryotic expression, purification, and refolding of leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 and its effect on gene expression of head kidney-derived macrophages of a teleost fish, ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 31:911-918. [PMID: 21871568 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is reported to be an immunorelevant protein in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis). In this study, ayu LECT2 mature peptide (aLECT2m) was expressed as insoluble inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli. The denatured recombinant aLECT2m (raLECT2m) was refolded by a size-exclusion chromatography refolding process achieved by using arginine-containing mobile phase and a decreasing urea gradient. The in vitro chemotactic activity assay showed that the refolded raLECT2m had the bioactivity. By using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method, we further identified up-regulated genes in ayu macrophages treated with refolded raLECT2m. These genes were tightly involved in endocytosis, hydrolysis, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and so on. Moreover, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results confirmed that selected 10 genes expression was significantly up-regulated in refolded raLECT2m-treated ayu macrophages. This study provides a basis for further studies of the mechanism of cytokine LECT2 in fish immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo city 315211, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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