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Balázs A, Lakatos K, Harmati-Pap V, Tóth I, Kas B. The influence of temperament and perinatal factors on language development: a longitudinal study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1375353. [PMID: 39027051 PMCID: PMC11256306 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1375353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Early language development is characterized by large individual variation. Several factors were proposed to contribute to individual pathways of language acquisition in infancy and childhood. One of the biologically based explaining factors is temperament, however, the exact contributions and the timing of the effects merits further research. Pre-term status, infant sex, and environmental factors such as maternal education and maternal language are also involved. Our study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between infant temperament and early language development, also considering infant gender, gestational age, and birthweight. Early temperament was assessed at 6, 9, 18, 24, and 30 months with the Very Short Form of Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ-R) and the Very Short Form of Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ). Early nonverbal communication skills, receptive and expressive vocabulary were evaluated with the Hungarian version of The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (HCDI). Our study adds further evidence to the contribution of infant temperament to early language development. Temperament, infant gender, and gestational age were associated with language development in infancy. Infants and toddlers with higher Surgency might enter communicative situations more readily and show more engagement with adult social partners, which is favorable for communication development. Gestational age was previously identified as a predictor for language in preterm infants. Our results extend this association to the later and narrower gestational age time window of term deliveries. Infants born after longer gestation develop better expressive vocabulary in toddlerhood. Gestational age may mark prenatal developmental processes that may exert influence on the development of verbal communication at later ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balázs
- Institute for General and Hungarian Linguistics, HUN-REN Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, Budapest, Hungary
- Sound and Speech Perception Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Lakatos
- Sound and Speech Perception Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Harmati-Pap
- Institute for General and Hungarian Linguistics, HUN-REN Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Tóth
- Sound and Speech Perception Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Kas
- Institute for General and Hungarian Linguistics, HUN-REN Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Language-Learning Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education, Budapest, Hungary
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Siffredi V, Liverani MC, Fernandez N, Freitas LGA, Borradori Tolsa C, Van De Ville D, Hüppi PS, Ha-Vinh Leuchter R. Impact of a mindfulness-based intervention on neurobehavioral functioning and its association with large-scale brain networks in preterm young adolescents. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:416-425. [PMID: 38757554 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM Adolescents born very preterm (VPT; <32 weeks of gestation) face an elevated risk of executive, behavioral, and socioemotional difficulties. Evidence suggests beneficial effects of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on these abilities. This study seeks to investigate the association between the effects of MBI on executive, behavioral, and socioemotional functioning and reliable changes in large-scale brain networks dynamics during rest in VPT young adolescents who completed an 8-week MBI program. METHODS Neurobehavioral assessments and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were performed before and after MBI in 32 VPT young adolescents. Neurobehavioral abilities in VPT participants were compared with full-term controls. In the VPT group, dynamic functional connectivity was extracted by using the innovation-driven coactivation patterns framework. The reliable change index was used to quantify change after MBI. A multivariate data-driven approach was used to explore associations between MBI-related changes on neurobehavioral measures and temporal brain dynamics. RESULTS Compared with term-born controls, VPT adolescents showed reduced executive and socioemotional functioning before MBI. After MBI, a significant improvement was observed for all measures that were previously reduced in the VPT group. The increase in executive functioning, only, was associated with reliable changes in the duration of activation of large-scale brain networks, including frontolimbic, amygdala-hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal, and visual networks. CONCLUSION The improvement in executive functioning after an MBI was associated with reliable changes in large-scale brain network dynamics during rest. These changes encompassed frontolimbic, amygdala-hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal, and visual networks that are related to different executive processes including self-regulation, attentional control, and attentional awareness of relevant sensory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Siffredi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Chiara Liverani
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- SensoriMotor, Affective and Social Development Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Fernandez
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lorena G A Freitas
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Borradori Tolsa
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra Susan Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Russia Ha-Vinh Leuchter
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Gao Y, Li R, Ma Q, Baker JM, Rauch S, Gunier RB, Mora AM, Kogut K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Reiss AL, Sagiv SK. Childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides: Functional connectivity and working memory in adolescents. Neurotoxicology 2024; 103:206-214. [PMID: 38908438 PMCID: PMC11302996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides is linked with adverse neurodevelopment and brain function in children. However, we have limited knowledge of how these exposures affect functional connectivity, a measure of interaction between brain regions. To address this gap, we examined the association between early life OP pesticide exposure and functional connectivity in adolescents. METHODS We administered functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to 291 young adults with measured prenatal or childhood dialkylphosphates (DAPs) in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, a longitudinal study of women recruited during pregnancy and their offspring. We measured DAPs in urinary samples collected from mothers during pregnancy (13 and 26 weeks) and children in early life (ages 6 months, 1, 2, 3, and 5 years). Youth underwent fNIRS while they performed executive function and semantic language tasks during their 18-year-old visit. We used covariate-adjusted regression models to estimate the associations of prenatal and childhood DAPs with functional connectivity between the frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, and a mediation model to examine the role of functional connectivity in the relationship between DAPs and task performance. RESULTS We observed null associations of prenatal and childhood DAP concentrations and functional connectivity for the entire sample. However, when we looked for sex differences, we observed an association between childhood DAPs and functional connectivity for the right interior frontal and premotor cortex after correcting for the false discovery rate, among males, but not females. In addition, functional connectivity appeared to mediate an inverse association between DAPs and working memory accuracy among males. CONCLUSION In CHAMACOS, a secondary analysis showed that adolescent males with elevated childhood OP pesticide exposure may have altered brain regional connectivity. This altered neurofunctional pattern in males may partially mediate working memory impairment associated with childhood DAP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gao
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Rihui Li
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Qianheng Ma
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Joseph M Baker
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stephen Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Robert B Gunier
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Ana M Mora
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Katherine Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, CA, United States
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Allan L Reiss
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sharon K Sagiv
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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White TA, Miller SL, Sutherland AE, Allison BJ, Camm EJ. Perinatal compromise affects development, form, and function of the hippocampus part two; preclinical studies. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1709-1719. [PMID: 38519795 PMCID: PMC11245392 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a vital brain structure deep in the medial temporal lobe that mediates a range of functions encompassing emotional regulation, learning, memory, and cognition. Hippocampal development is exquisitely sensitive to perturbations and adverse conditions during pregnancy and at birth, including preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), acute hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), and intrauterine inflammation. Disruptions to hippocampal development due to these conditions can have long-lasting functional impacts. Here, we discuss a range of preclinical models of prematurity and FGR and conditions that induce hypoxia and inflammation, which have been critical in elucidating the underlying mechanisms and cellular and subcellular structures implicated in hippocampal dysfunction. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets to reduce the burden of these perinatal insults on the developing hippocampus. IMPACT: The review explores the preclinical literature examining the association between pregnancy and birth complications, and hippocampal form and function. The developmental processes and cellular mechanisms that are disrupted within the hippocampus following perinatal compromise are described, and potential therapeutic targets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan A White
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Suzanne L Miller
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy E Sutherland
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Beth J Allison
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily J Camm
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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Ufkes S, Kennedy E, Poppe T, Miller SP, Thompson B, Guo J, Harding JE, Crowther CA. Prenatal Magnesium Sulfate and Functional Connectivity in Offspring at Term-Equivalent Age. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2413508. [PMID: 38805222 PMCID: PMC11134217 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Understanding the effect of antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) treatment on functional connectivity will help elucidate the mechanism by which it reduces the risk of cerebral palsy and death. Objective To determine whether MgSO4 administered to women at risk of imminent preterm birth at a gestational age between 30 and 34 weeks is associated with increased functional connectivity and measures of functional segregation and integration in infants at term-equivalent age, possibly reflecting a protective mechanism of MgSO4. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was nested within a randomized placebo-controlled trial performed across 24 tertiary maternity hospitals. Participants included infants born to women at risk of imminent preterm birth at a gestational age between 30 and 34 weeks who participated in the MAGENTA (Magnesium Sulphate at 30 to 34 Weeks' Gestational Age) trial and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent age. Ineligibility criteria included illness precluding MRI, congenital or genetic disorders likely to affect brain structure, and living more than 1 hour from the MRI center. One hundred and fourteen of 159 eligible infants were excluded due to incomplete or motion-corrupted MRI. Recruitment occurred between October 22, 2014, and October 25, 2017. Participants were followed up to 2 years of age. Analysis was performed from February 1, 2021, to February 27, 2024. Observers were blind to patient groupings during data collection and processing. Exposures Women received 4 g of MgSO4 or isotonic sodium chloride solution given intravenously over 30 minutes. Main Outcomes and Measures Prior to data collection, it was hypothesized that infants who were exposed to MgSO4 would show enhanced functional connectivity compared with infants who were not exposed. Results A total of 45 infants were included in the analysis: 24 receiving MgSO4 treatment and 21 receiving placebo; 23 (51.1%) were female and 22 (48.9%) were male; and the median gestational age at scan was 40.0 (IQR, 39.1-41.1) weeks. Treatment with MgSO4 was associated with greater voxelwise functional connectivity in the temporal and occipital lobes and deep gray matter structures and with significantly greater clustering coefficients (Hedge g, 0.47 [95% CI, -0.13 to 1.07]), transitivity (Hedge g, 0.51 [95% CI, -0.10 to 1.11]), local efficiency (Hedge g, 0.40 [95% CI, -0.20 to 0.99]), and global efficiency (Hedge g, 0.31 [95% CI, -0.29 to 0.90]), representing enhanced functional segregation and integration. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, infants exposed to MgSO4 had greater voxelwise functional connectivity and functional segregation, consistent with increased brain maturation. Enhanced functional connectivity is a possible mechanism by which MgSO4 protects against cerebral palsy and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Ufkes
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eleanor Kennedy
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tanya Poppe
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven P. Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong
| | - Jessie Guo
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane E. Harding
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Milczarek O, Jarocha D, Starowicz-Filip A, Kasprzycki M, Kijowski J, Mordel A, Kwiatkowski S, Majka M. Bone Marrow Nucleated Cells and Bone Marrow-Derived CD271+ Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Treatment of Encephalopathy and Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1015-1025. [PMID: 38483743 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The broad spectrum of brain injuries in preterm newborns and the plasticity of the central nervous system prompts us to seek solutions for neurodegeneration to prevent the consequences of prematurity and perinatal problems. The study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the implantation of autologous bone marrow nucleated cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in different schemes in patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and immunological encephalopathy. Fourteen patients received single implantation of bone marrow nucleated cells administered intrathecally and intravenously, followed by multiple rounds of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells implanted intrathecally, and five patients were treated only with repeated rounds of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Seizure outcomes improved in most cases, including fewer seizures and status epilepticus and reduced doses of antiepileptic drugs compared to the period before treatment. The neuropsychological improvement was more frequent in patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy than in the immunological encephalopathy group. Changes in emotional functioning occurred with similar frequency in both groups of patients. In the hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy group, motor improvement was observed in all patients and the majority in the immunological encephalopathy group. The treatment had manageable toxicity, mainly mild to moderate early-onset adverse events. The treatment was generally safe in the 4-year follow-up period, and the effects of the therapy were maintained after its termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Milczarek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Children's Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Danuta Jarocha
- Hematology Department, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Starowicz-Filip
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Children's Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medicl College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Maciej Kasprzycki
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jacek Kijowski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Transplantation, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Mordel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Transplantation, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland
| | - Stanisław Kwiatkowski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Children's Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Majka
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Transplantation, Jagiellonian University Medical College Institute of Pediatrics, Cracow, Poland
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Kata A, McPhee PG, Chen YJ, Zwaigenbaum L, Singal D, Roncadin C, Bennett T, Carter M, Di Rezze B, Drmic I, Duku E, Fournier S, Frei J, Gentles SJ, Georgiades K, Hanlon-Dearman A, Hoult L, Kelley E, Koller J, de Camargo OK, Lai J, Mahoney B, Mesterman R, Ng O, Robertson S, Rosenbaum P, Salt M, Zubairi MS, Georgiades S. The Pediatric Autism Research Cohort (PARC) Study: protocol for a patient-oriented prospective study examining trajectories of functioning in children with autism. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e083045. [PMID: 38684247 PMCID: PMC11086431 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The developmentally variable nature of autism poses challenges in providing timely services tailored to a child's needs. Despite a recent focus on longitudinal research, priority-setting initiatives with stakeholders highlighted the importance of studying a child's day-to-day functioning and social determinants of health to inform clinical care. To address this, we are conducting a pragmatic multi-site, patient-oriented longitudinal investigation: the Pediatric Autism Research Cohort (PARC) Study. In young children (<7 years of age) newly diagnosed with autism, we will: (1) examine variability in trajectories of adaptive functioning from the point of diagnosis into transition to school; and (2) identify factors associated with trajectories of adaptive functioning. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We aim to recruit 1300 children under 7 years of age with a recent (within 12 months) diagnosis of autism from seven sites: six in Canada; one in Israel. Participants will be followed prospectively from diagnosis to age 8 years, with assessments at 6-month intervals. Parents/caregivers will complete questionnaires administered via a customized online research portal. Following each assessment timepoint, families will receive a research summary report describing their child's progress on adaptive functioning and related domains. Analysis of the longitudinal data will map trajectories and examine child, family and service characteristics associated with chronogeneity (interindividual and intraindividual heterogeneity over time) and possible trajectory turning points around sensitive periods like the transition to school. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approvals have been received by all sites. All parents/respondents will provide informed consent when enrolling in the study. Using an integrated knowledge translation approach, where stakeholders are directly engaged in the research process, the PARC Study will identify factors associated with trajectories of functioning in children with autism. Resulting evidence will be shared with government policy makers to inform provincial and national programs. Findings will be disseminated at conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kata
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick G McPhee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yun-Ju Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lonnie Zwaigenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deepa Singal
- Autism Alliance of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline Roncadin
- McMaster Children's Hospital Autism Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Carter
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Drmic
- McMaster Children's Hospital Autism Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Duku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Julia Frei
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J Gentles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathy Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Hanlon-Dearman
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judah Koller
- Seymour Fox School of Education, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Olaf Kraus de Camargo
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Lai
- Autism Alliance of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bill Mahoney
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronit Mesterman
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Ng
- McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sue Robertson
- McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Rosenbaum
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mackenzie Salt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Autism Alliance of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad S Zubairi
- McMaster Children's Hospital Autism Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Barnes-Davis ME, Williamson BJ, Kline JE, Kline-Fath BM, Tkach J, He L, Yuan W, Parikh NA. Structural connectivity at term equivalent age and language in preterm children at 2 years corrected. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae126. [PMID: 38665963 PMCID: PMC11043656 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously reported interhemispheric structural hyperconnectivity bypassing the corpus callosum in children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks) versus term children. This increased connectivity was positively associated with language performance at 4-6 years of age in our prior work. In the present study, we aim to investigate whether this extracallosal connectivity develops in extremely preterm infants at term equivalent age by leveraging a prospective cohort study of 350 very and extremely preterm infants followed longitudinally in the Cincinnati Infant Neurodevelopment Early Prediction Study. For this secondary analysis, we included only children born extremely preterm and without significant brain injury (n = 95). We use higher-order diffusion modelling to assess the degree to which extracallosal pathways are present in extremely preterm infants and predictive of later language scores at 22-26 months corrected age. We compare results obtained from two higher-order diffusion models: generalized q-sampling imaging and constrained spherical deconvolution. Advanced MRI was obtained at term equivalent age (39-44 weeks post-menstrual age). For structural connectometry analysis, we assessed the level of correlation between white matter connectivity at the whole-brain level at term equivalent age and language scores at 2 years corrected age, controlling for post-menstrual age, sex, brain abnormality score and social risk. For our constrained spherical deconvolution analyses, we performed connectivity-based fixel enhancement, using probabilistic tractography to inform statistical testing of the hypothesis that fibre metrics at term equivalent age relate to language scores at 2 years corrected age after adjusting for covariates. Ninety-five infants were extremely preterm with no significant brain injury. Of these, 53 had complete neurodevelopmental and imaging data sets that passed quality control. In the connectometry analyses adjusted for covariates and multiple comparisons (P < 0.05), the following tracks were inversely correlated with language: bilateral cerebellar white matter and middle cerebellar peduncles, bilateral corticospinal tracks, posterior commissure and the posterior inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. No tracks from the constrained spherical deconvolution/connectivity-based fixel enhancement analyses remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Our findings provide critical information about the ontogeny of structural brain networks supporting language in extremely preterm children. Greater connectivity in more posterior tracks that include the cerebellum and connections to the regions of the temporal lobes at term equivalent age appears to be disadvantageous for language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Barnes-Davis
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brady J Williamson
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Julia E Kline
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Beth M Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jean Tkach
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lili He
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Weihong Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nehal A Parikh
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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9
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Hong X, Farmer C, Kozhemiako N, Holmes GL, Thompson L, Manwaring S, Thurm A, Buckley A. Differences in Sleep EEG Coherence and Spindle Metrics in Toddlers With and Without Language Delay: A Prospective Observational Study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3904113. [PMID: 38410470 PMCID: PMC10896365 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3904113/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Sleep plays a crucial role in early language development, and sleep disturbances are common in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Examining sleep microarchitecture in toddlers with and without language delays can offer key insights into neurophysiological abnormalities associated with atypical neurodevelopmental trajectories and potentially aid in early detection and intervention. Methods Here, we investigated electroencephalogram (EEG) coherence and sleep spindles in 16 toddlers with language delay (LD) compared with a group of 39 typically developing (TD) toddlers. The sample was majority male (n = 34, 62%). Participants were aged 12-to-22 months at baseline, and 34 (LD, n=11; TD, n=23) participants were evaluated again at 36 months of age. Results LD toddlers demonstrated increased EEG coherence compared to TD toddlers, with differences most prominent during slow-wave sleep. Within the LD group, lower expressive language skills were associated with higher coherence in REM sleep. Within the TD group, lower expressive language skills were associated with higher coherence in slow-wave sleep. Sleep spindle density, duration, and frequency changed between baseline and follow-up for both groups, with the LD group demonstrating a smaller magnitude of change than the TD group. The direction of change was frequency-dependent for both groups. Conclusions These findings indicate that atypical sleep EEG connectivity and sleep spindle development can be detected in toddlers between 12 and 36 months and offers insights into neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01339767; Registration date: 4/20/2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Hong
- National Institute of Mental Health Division of Intramural Research Programs: National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program
| | - Cristan Farmer
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program
| | | | | | - Lauren Thompson
- Washington State University Elson S Floyd College of Medicine
| | - Stacy Manwaring
- University of Utah Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders
| | - Audrey Thurm
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program
| | - Ashura Buckley
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program
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10
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França LGS, Ciarrusta J, Gale-Grant O, Fenn-Moltu S, Fitzgibbon S, Chew A, Falconer S, Dimitrova R, Cordero-Grande L, Price AN, Hughes E, O'Muircheartaigh J, Duff E, Tuulari JJ, Deco G, Counsell SJ, Hajnal JV, Nosarti C, Arichi T, Edwards AD, McAlonan G, Batalle D. Neonatal brain dynamic functional connectivity in term and preterm infants and its association with early childhood neurodevelopment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:16. [PMID: 38331941 PMCID: PMC10853532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44050-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain dynamic functional connectivity characterises transient connections between brain regions. Features of brain dynamics have been linked to emotion and cognition in adult individuals, and atypical patterns have been associated with neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism. Although reliable functional brain networks have been consistently identified in neonates, little is known about the early development of dynamic functional connectivity. In this study we characterise dynamic functional connectivity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the first few weeks of postnatal life in term-born (n = 324) and preterm-born (n = 66) individuals. We show that a dynamic landscape of brain connectivity is already established by the time of birth in the human brain, characterised by six transient states of neonatal functional connectivity with changing dynamics through the neonatal period. The pattern of dynamic connectivity is atypical in preterm-born infants, and associated with atypical social, sensory, and repetitive behaviours measured by the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) scores at 18 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G S França
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Judit Ciarrusta
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Oliver Gale-Grant
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sunniva Fenn-Moltu
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sean Fitzgibbon
- Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Andrew Chew
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Shona Falconer
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anthony N Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Eugene Duff
- Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jetro J Tuulari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, 20500, Turku, Finland
- Turku Collegium for Science and Medicine and Technology, University of Turku, 20500, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Pompeu Fabra University, 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Joseph V Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - A David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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11
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Bridgen P, Tomi-Tricot R, Uus A, Cromb D, Quirke M, Almalbis J, Bonse B, De la Fuente Botella M, Maggioni A, Cio PD, Cawley P, Casella C, Dokumaci AS, Thomson AR, Willers Moore J, Bridglal D, Saravia J, Finck T, Price AN, Pickles E, Cordero-Grande L, Egloff A, O’Muircheartaigh J, Counsell SJ, Giles SL, Deprez M, De Vita E, Rutherford MA, Edwards AD, Hajnal JV, Malik SJ, Arichi T. High resolution and contrast 7 tesla MR brain imaging of the neonate. FRONTIERS IN RADIOLOGY 2024; 3:1327075. [PMID: 38304343 PMCID: PMC10830693 DOI: 10.3389/fradi.2023.1327075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Ultra-high field MR imaging offers marked gains in signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, and contrast which translate to improved pathological and anatomical sensitivity. These benefits are particularly relevant for the neonatal brain which is rapidly developing and sensitive to injury. However, experience of imaging neonates at 7T has been limited due to regulatory, safety, and practical considerations. We aimed to establish a program for safely acquiring high resolution and contrast brain images from neonates on a 7T system. Methods Images were acquired from 35 neonates on 44 occasions (median age 39 + 6 postmenstrual weeks, range 33 + 4 to 52 + 6; median body weight 2.93 kg, range 1.57 to 5.3 kg) over a median time of 49 mins 30 s. Peripheral body temperature and physiological measures were recorded throughout scanning. Acquired sequences included T2 weighted (TSE), Actual Flip angle Imaging (AFI), functional MRI (BOLD EPI), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), and MR spectroscopy (STEAM). Results There was no significant difference between temperature before and after scanning (p = 0.76) and image quality assessment compared favorably to state-of-the-art 3T acquisitions. Anatomical imaging demonstrated excellent sensitivity to structures which are typically hard to visualize at lower field strengths including the hippocampus, cerebellum, and vasculature. Images were also acquired with contrast mechanisms which are enhanced at ultra-high field including susceptibility weighted imaging, functional MRI, and MR spectroscopy. Discussion We demonstrate safety and feasibility of imaging vulnerable neonates at ultra-high field and highlight the untapped potential for providing important new insights into brain development and pathological processes during this critical phase of early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Bridgen
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Tomi-Tricot
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alena Uus
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Cromb
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Quirke
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Almalbis
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beya Bonse
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel De la Fuente Botella
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Maggioni
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierluigi Di Cio
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Cawley
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Casella
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ayse Sila Dokumaci
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice R. Thomson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jucha Willers Moore
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Devi Bridglal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joao Saravia
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Finck
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony N. Price
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth Pickles
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexia Egloff
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena J. Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon L. Giles
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Deprez
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico De Vita
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MR Physics, Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A. Rutherford
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. David Edwards
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph V. Hajnal
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shaihan J. Malik
- LondonCollaborative Ultra High Field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Ogata R, Watanabe K, Chong PF, Okamoto J, Sakemi Y, Nakashima T, Ohno T, Nomiyama H, Sonoda Y, Ichimiya Y, Inoue H, Ochiai M, Yamashita H, Sakai Y, Ohga S. Divergent neurodevelopmental profiles of very-low-birth-weight infants. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:233-240. [PMID: 37626120 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02778-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced perinatal medicine has decreased the mortality rate of preterm infants. Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) remain to be investigated. METHODS Participants were 124 VLBWIs who had in-hospital birth from 2007 to 2015. Perinatal information, developmental or intelligence quotient (DQ/IQ), and neurological comorbidities at ages 3 and 6 years were analyzed. RESULTS Fifty-eight (47%) VLBWIs received neurodevelopmental assessments at ages 3 and 6 years. Among them, 15 (26%) showed DQ/IQ <75 at age 6 years. From age 3 to 6 years, 21 (36%) patients showed a decrease (≤-10), while 5 (9%) showed an increase (≥+10) in DQ/IQ scores. Eight (17%) with autism spectrum disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ASD/ADHD) showed split courses of DQ/IQ, including two with ≤-10 and one with +31 to their scores. On the other hand, all 7 VLBWIs with cerebral palsy showed DQ ≤35 at these ages. Magnetic resonance imaging detected severe brain lesions in 7 (47%) of those with DQ <75 and 1 (18%) with ASD/ADHD. CONCLUSIONS VLBWIs show a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental outcomes after 6 years. These divergent profiles also indicate that different risks contribute to the development of ASD/ADHD from those of cerebral palsy and epilepsy in VLBWIs. IMPACT Very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) show divergent neurodevelopmental outcomes from age 3 to 6 years. A deep longitudinal study depicts the dynamic change in neurodevelopmental profiles of VLBWIs from age 3 to 6 years. Perinatal brain injury is associated with developmental delay, cerebral palsy and epilepsy, but not with ASD or ADHD at age 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan.
| | - Pin Fee Chong
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Okamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakemi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakashima
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Takuro Ohno
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nomiyama
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Yuri Sonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Ichimiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ochiai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamashita
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, 802-8533, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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13
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Jafrasteh B, Lubián-López SP, Benavente-Fernández I. A deep sift convolutional neural networks for total brain volume estimation from 3D ultrasound images. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 242:107805. [PMID: 37738840 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Preterm infants are a highly vulnerable population. The total brain volume (TBV) of these infants can be accurately estimated by brain ultrasound (US) imaging which enables a longitudinal study of early brain growth during Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU) admission. Automatic estimation of TBV from 3D images increases the diagnosis speed and evades the necessity for an expert to manually segment 3D images, which is a sophisticated and time consuming task. We develop a deep-learning approach to estimate TBV from 3D ultrasound images. It benefits from deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) with dilated residual connections and an additional layer, inspired by the fuzzy c-Means (FCM), to further separate the features into different regions, i.e. sift layer. Therefore, we call this method deep-sift convolutional neural networks (DSCNN). The proposed method is validated against three state-of-the-art methods including AlexNet-3D, ResNet-3D, and VGG-3D, for TBV estimation using two datasets acquired from two different ultrasound devices. The results highlight a strong correlation between the predictions and the observed TBV values. The regression activation maps are used to interpret DSCNN, allowing TBV estimation by exploring those pixels that are more consistent and plausible from an anatomical standpoint. Therefore, it can be used for direct estimation of TBV from 3D images without needing further image segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Jafrasteh
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Simón Pedro Lubián-López
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University, Cádiz, Spain; Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Isabel Benavente-Fernández
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University, Cádiz, Spain; Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain; Area of Paediatrics, Department of Child and Mother Health and Radiology, Medical School, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
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14
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Keles E, Bagci U. The past, current, and future of neonatal intensive care units with artificial intelligence: a systematic review. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:220. [PMID: 38012349 PMCID: PMC10682088 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Machine learning and deep learning are two subsets of artificial intelligence that involve teaching computers to learn and make decisions from any sort of data. Most recent developments in artificial intelligence are coming from deep learning, which has proven revolutionary in almost all fields, from computer vision to health sciences. The effects of deep learning in medicine have changed the conventional ways of clinical application significantly. Although some sub-fields of medicine, such as pediatrics, have been relatively slow in receiving the critical benefits of deep learning, related research in pediatrics has started to accumulate to a significant level, too. Hence, in this paper, we review recently developed machine learning and deep learning-based solutions for neonatology applications. We systematically evaluate the roles of both classical machine learning and deep learning in neonatology applications, define the methodologies, including algorithmic developments, and describe the remaining challenges in the assessment of neonatal diseases by using PRISMA 2020 guidelines. To date, the primary areas of focus in neonatology regarding AI applications have included survival analysis, neuroimaging, analysis of vital parameters and biosignals, and retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis. We have categorically summarized 106 research articles from 1996 to 2022 and discussed their pros and cons, respectively. In this systematic review, we aimed to further enhance the comprehensiveness of the study. We also discuss possible directions for new AI models and the future of neonatology with the rising power of AI, suggesting roadmaps for the integration of AI into neonatal intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Keles
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ulas Bagci
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Chicago, IL, USA
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15
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Fourdain S, Provost S, Tremblay J, Vannasing P, Doussau A, Caron-Desrochers L, Gaudet I, Roger K, Hüsser A, Dehaes M, Martinez-Montes E, Poirier N, Gallagher A. Functional brain connectivity after corrective cardiac surgery for critical congenital heart disease: a preliminary near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) report. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:1088-1108. [PMID: 36718095 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2023.2170340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring cardiac surgery in infancy are at high risk for neurodevelopmental impairments. Neonatal imaging studies have reported disruptions of brain functional organization before surgery. Yet, the extent to which functional network alterations are present after cardiac repair remains unexplored. This preliminary study aimed at investigating cortical functional connectivity in 4-month-old infants with repaired CHD, using resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). After fNIRS signal frequency decomposition, we compared values of magnitude-squared coherence as a measure of connectivity strength, between 21 infants with corrected CHD and 31 healthy controls. We identified a subset of connections with differences between groups at an uncorrected statistical level of p < .05 while controlling for sex and maternal socioeconomic status, with most of these connections showing reduced connectivity in infants with CHD. Although none of these differences reach statistical significance after FDR correction, likely due to the small sample size, moderate to large effect sizes were found for group-differences. If replicated, these results would therefore suggest preliminary evidence that alterations of brain functional connectivity are present in the months after cardiac surgery. Additional studies involving larger sample size are needed to replicate our data, and comparisons between pre- and postoperative findings would allow to further delineate alterations of functional brain connectivity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Fourdain
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Provost
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Tremblay
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Amélie Doussau
- Clinique d'investigation neurocardiaque (CINC), Sainte-Justine, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laura Caron-Desrochers
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gaudet
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kassandra Roger
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alejandra Hüsser
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dehaes
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Radio-oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Nancy Poirier
- Clinique d'investigation neurocardiaque (CINC), Sainte-Justine, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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16
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Fujishiro S, Tsuji S, Akagawa S, Akagawa Y, Yamanouchi S, Ishizaki Y, Hashiyada M, Akane A, Kaneko K. Dysbiosis in Gut Microbiota in Children Born Preterm Who Developed Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:4012-4020. [PMID: 35909184 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota was reported to differ between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in preterm infants is common. Here, we explored the characteristics of gut microbiota in children born preterm with ASD. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing using stool samples from ASD children born preterm and TD children born preterm. Alpha diversity was significantly greater in the ASD group. A comparison of beta diversity showed different clusters. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis revealed significantly more Firmicutes in the ASD group compared with the TD group. In conclusion, the gut microbiota in children born preterm differs between children with ASD and TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadayuki Fujishiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Shohei Akagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yuko Akagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Sohsaku Yamanouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishizaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashiyada
- Department of Legal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Atsushi Akane
- Department of Legal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kaneko
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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Liu J, Chen H, Cornea E, Gilmore JH, Gao W. Longitudinal developmental trajectories of functional connectivity reveal regional distribution of distinct age effects in infancy. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10367-10379. [PMID: 37585708 PMCID: PMC10545442 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior work has shown that different functional brain networks exhibit different maturation rates, but little is known about whether and how different brain areas may differ in the exact shape of longitudinal functional connectivity growth trajectories during infancy. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during natural sleep to characterize developmental trajectories of different regions using a longitudinal cohort of infants at 3 weeks (neonate), 1 year, and 2 years of age (n = 90; all with usable data at three time points). A novel whole brain heatmap analysis was performed with four mixed-effect models to determine the best fit of age-related changes for each functional connection: (i) growth effects: positive-linear-age, (ii) emergent effects: positive-log-age, (iii) pruning effects: negative-quadratic-age, and (iv) transient effects: positive-quadratic-age. Our results revealed that emergent (logarithmic) effects dominated developmental trajectory patterns, but significant pruning and transient effects were also observed, particularly in connections centered on inferior frontal and anterior cingulate areas that support social learning and conflict monitoring. Overall, unique global distribution patterns were observed for each growth model indicating that developmental trajectories for different connections are heterogeneous. All models showed significant effects concentrated in association areas, highlighting the dominance of higher-order social/cognitive development during the first 2 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Imaging, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Haitao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Imaging, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Emil Cornea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - John H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Imaging, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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18
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Valois R, Tojal C, Barros H, Costa R. [Formula: see text] Perinatal and social risk of poor language, memory, and learning outcomes in a cohort of extremely and very preterm children. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:906-921. [PMID: 36343685 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2138845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Children born extremely preterm (EPT) or very preterm (VPT) are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. How the interaction between biological and social risk factors affects cognitive development has not yet been completely understood. The objectives of this study are to analyze and compare the language, memory, and learning outcomes of five-year-old children born EPT (<28 weeks' gestational age) and VPT (28-31+6 weeks' gestational age) and to determine the risk of having poor outcomes attending to perinatal and maternal characteristics. The analysis included 377 children born VPT (n = 284) and EPT (n = 93) in 2011-2012. Maternal, neonatal, and clinical information was obtained at birth, and maternal education was obtained at five years using a parental questionnaire. At five years, the language, memory, and learning outcomes were assessed with the developmental NEuroPSYchological assessment second edition (NEPSY-II®). Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association of biological and social risk factors with performance below the expected level for the child's age in language, memory, and learning subtests. Lower maternal age and education increased the odds of having language performance below the expected level for the child's age, while lower maternal educational level and gestational age increased the likelihood of having memory performance below the expected level. Children living in the most social disadvantage contexts are at a higher risk of suboptimal cognitive development. Implementing intervention programs in disadvantaged contexts and targeting specific cognitive domains may enable EPT and VPT children to reach and fulfill their potential in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Valois
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Matosinhos Public Health Unit, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Catarina Tojal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Barros
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Costa
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- HEI-Lab: Digital Human-Environment Interactions Lab, Lusofona University, Lisbon, Portugal
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19
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Gao X, Wang D, Wang N, Xie R, Tong X, He Y, Yang L. Early biomarkers of neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm infants: protocol for a longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070230. [PMID: 37295829 PMCID: PMC10277126 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preterm (PT) infants are at high likelihood for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), which could considerably impair the individuals' functions throughout their whole life. The current cohort study aims to investigate adverse outcomes, especially NDDs, in PT children, and the related early aberrant brain developmental biomarkers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China. We plan to recruit 400 PT infants born at <37 weeks of gestational age (GA), and 200 full-term (FT) controls during the neonatal period (40 weeks corrected GA), then follow them up until they reach 6 years of age. This cohort is designed to assess neuropsychological functions, brain development, related environmental risk factors and the incidence of NDDs by using the following measures: (1) social, emotional, cognitive and sensorimotor functions; (2) MRI, electroencephalogram and functional near-infrared spectroscopy; (3) social economic status, maternal mental health and DNA methylation; and (4) symptoms and diagnosis of NDDs. Main data analyses will include comparing the neurodevelopment outcomes and brain developmental trajectories between PT and FT children using linear or logistic regressions and mixed-effects models. Regression analyses and machine learning will be used to identify early biological predictors and environmental risk or protective factors for later NDDs outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the research ethics committee of Peking University Third Hospital (M2021087). This study is under review in the Chinese Clinical Trial Register. The study results from the current cohort will be disseminated and popularised through social media to participating parents, as well as parents who are giving care to PT children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilu Zhao
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuping Gao
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rao Xie
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and International Digital Group/McGovern Institute for Brain Research; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Gonzalez-Moreira E, Harmony T, Hinojosa-Rodríguez M, Carrillo-Prado C, Juárez-Colín ME, Gutiérrez-Hernández CC, Carlier MEM, Cubero-Rego L, Castro-Chavira SA, Fernández T. Prevention of Neurological Sequelae in Preterm Infants. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050753. [PMID: 37239225 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is one of the world's critical health problems, with an incidence of 5% to 18% of living newborns according to various countries. White matter injuries due to preoligodendrocytes deficits cause hypomyelination in children born preterm. Preterm infants also have multiple neurodevelopmental sequelae due to prenatal and perinatal risk factors for brain damage. The purpose of this work was to explore the effects of the brain risk factors and MRI volumes and abnormalities on the posterior motor and cognitive development at 3 years of age. METHODS A total of 166 preterm infants were examined before 4 months and clinical and MRI evaluations were performed. MRI showed abnormal findings in 89% of the infants. Parents of all infants were invited to receive the Katona neurohabilitation treatment. The parents of 128 infants accepted and received Katona's neurohabilitation treatment. The remaining 38 infants did not receive treatment for a variety of reasons. At the three-year follow-up, Bayley's II Mental Developmental Index (MDI) and the Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) were compared between treated and untreated subjects. RESULTS The treated children had higher values of both indices than the untreated. Linear regression showed that the antecedents of placenta disorders and sepsis as well as volumes of the corpus callosum and of the left lateral ventricle significantly predicted both MDI and PDI, while Apgar < 7 and volume of the right lateral ventricle predicted the PDI. CONCLUSIONS (1) The results indicate that preterm infants who received Katona's neurohabilitation procedure exhibited significantly better outcomes at 3 years of age compared to those who did not receive the treatment. (2) The presence of sepsis and the volumes of the corpus callosum and lateral ventricles at 3-4 months were significant predictors of the outcome at 3 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gonzalez-Moreira
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Thalía Harmony
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Manuel Hinojosa-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Cristina Carrillo-Prado
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - María Elena Juárez-Colín
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Claudia Calipso Gutiérrez-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - María Elizabeth Mónica Carlier
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Cubero-Rego
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Susana A Castro-Chavira
- Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Thalía Fernández
- Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
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21
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Retzler C, Hallam G, Johnson S, Retzler J. Person-centred Approaches to Psychopathology in the ABCD Study: Phenotypes and Neurocognitive Correlates. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023:10.1007/s10802-023-01065-w. [PMID: 37119331 PMCID: PMC10368562 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Issues with classifying psychopathology using narrow diagnostic categories have prompted calls for the use of dimensional approaches. Yet questions remain about how closely dimensional approaches reflect the way symptoms cluster in individuals, whether known risk factors (e.g. preterm birth) produce distinct symptom phenotypes, and whether profiles reflecting symptom clusters are associated with neurocognitive factors. To identify distinct profiles of psychopathology, latent class analysis was applied to the syndrome scales of the parent-reported Child Behaviour Checklist for 11,381 9- and 10- year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Four classes were identified, reflecting different profiles, to which children were assigned probabilistically; Class 1 (88.6%) reflected optimal functioning; Class 2 (7.1%), predominantly internalising; Class 3 (2.4%), predominantly externalising; and Class 4 (1.9%), universal difficulties. To investigate the presence of a possible preterm behavioural phenotype, the proportion of participants allocated to each class was cross-tabulated with gestational age category. No profile was specific to preterm birth. Finally, to assess the neurocognitive factors associated with class membership, elastic net regressions were conducted revealing a relatively distinct set of neurocognitive factors associated with each class. Findings support the use of large datasets to identify psychopathological profiles, explore phenotypes, and identify associated neurocognitive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Retzler
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
| | - Glyn Hallam
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jenny Retzler
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
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22
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Taylor RL, Rogers CE, Smyser CD, Barch DM. Associations Between Preterm Birth, Inhibitory Control-Implicated Brain Regions and Tracts, and Inhibitory Control Task Performance in Children: Consideration of Socioeconomic Context. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01531-y. [PMID: 37119410 PMCID: PMC10949152 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is associated with increased risk for unfavorable outcomes such as deficits in attentional control and related brain structure alterations. Crucially, PTB is more likely to occur within the context of poverty. The current study examined associations between PTB and inhibitory control (IC) implicated brain regions/tracts and task performance, as well as the moderating role of early life poverty on the relation between PTB and IC-implicated regions/tracts/task performance. 2,899 children from the ABCD study were sampled for this study. Mixed effects models examined the relation between PTB and subsequent IC performance as well as prefrontal gray matter volume, white matter fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD). Household income was examined as a moderator. PTB was significantly associated with less improvement in IC task performance over time and decreased FA in left uncinate fasciculus (UF) and cingulum bundle (CB). Early life poverty moderated the relation between PTB and both CB FA and UF MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita L Taylor
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Box 1125, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Box 1125, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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23
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Fenn-Moltu S, Fitzgibbon SP, Ciarrusta J, Eyre M, Cordero-Grande L, Chew A, Falconer S, Gale-Grant O, Harper N, Dimitrova R, Vecchiato K, Fenchel D, Javed A, Earl M, Price AN, Hughes E, Duff EP, O’Muircheartaigh J, Nosarti C, Arichi T, Rueckert D, Counsell S, Hajnal JV, Edwards AD, McAlonan G, Batalle D. Development of neonatal brain functional centrality and alterations associated with preterm birth. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:5585-5596. [PMID: 36408638 PMCID: PMC10152096 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of the functional connectome in early life underpins future learning and behavior. However, our understanding of how the functional organization of brain regions into interconnected hubs (centrality) matures in the early postnatal period is limited, especially in response to factors associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes such as preterm birth. We characterized voxel-wise functional centrality (weighted degree) in 366 neonates from the Developing Human Connectome Project. We tested the hypothesis that functional centrality matures with age at scan in term-born babies and is disrupted by preterm birth. Finally, we asked whether neonatal functional centrality predicts general neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months. We report an age-related increase in functional centrality predominantly within visual regions and a decrease within the motor and auditory regions in term-born infants. Preterm-born infants scanned at term equivalent age had higher functional centrality predominantly within visual regions and lower measures in motor regions. Functional centrality was not related to outcome at 18 months old. Thus, preterm birth appears to affect functional centrality in regions undergoing substantial development during the perinatal period. Our work raises the question of whether these alterations are adaptive or disruptive and whether they predict neurodevelopmental characteristics that are more subtle or emerge later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunniva Fenn-Moltu
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Sean P Fitzgibbon
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Ciarrusta
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Eyre
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid & CIBER-BBN, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Andrew Chew
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Shona Falconer
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Gale-Grant
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Harper
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Katy Vecchiato
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Daphna Fenchel
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Ayesha Javed
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Earl
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Paediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony N Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene P Duff
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Paediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Rueckert
- Biomedical Image Analysis Group, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Serena Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph V Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - A David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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24
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Kelly KJ, Hutton JS, Parikh NA, Barnes-Davis ME. Neuroimaging of brain connectivity related to reading outcomes in children born preterm: A critical narrative review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1083364. [PMID: 36937974 PMCID: PMC10014573 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1083364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature children are at high risk for delays in language and reading, which can lead to poor school achievement. Neuroimaging studies have assessed structural and functional connectivity by diffusion MRI, functional MRI, and magnetoencephalography, in order to better define the "reading network" in children born preterm. Findings point to differences in structural and functional connectivity compared to children born at term. It is not entirely clear whether this discrepancy is due to delayed development or alternative mechanisms for reading, which may have developed to compensate for brain injury in the perinatal period. This narrative review critically appraises the existing literature evaluating the neural basis of reading in preterm children, summarizes the current findings, and suggests future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn J. Kelly
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - John S. Hutton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of General & Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Nehal A. Parikh
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Maria E. Barnes-Davis
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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25
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Cañete-Massé C, Carbó-Carreté M, Peró-Cebollero M, Cui SX, Yan CG, Guàrdia-Olmos J. Abnormal degree centrality and functional connectivity in Down syndrome: A resting-state fMRI study. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100341. [PMID: 36262644 PMCID: PMC9551068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Neuroimaging studies have shown brain abnormalities in Down syndrome (DS) but have not clarified the underlying mechanisms of dysfunction. Here, we investigated the degree centrality (DC) abnormalities found in the DS group compared with the control group, and we conducted seed-based functional connectivity (FC) with the significant clusters found in DC. Moreover, we used the significant clusters of DC and the seed-based FC to elucidate differences between brain networks in DS compared with controls. Method The sample comprised 18 persons with DS (M = 28.67, SD = 4.18) and 18 controls (M = 28.56, SD = 4.26). Both samples underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Results DC analysis showed increased DC in the DS in temporal and right frontal lobe, as well as in the left caudate and rectus and decreased DC in the DS in regions of the left frontal lobe. Regarding seed-based FC, DS showed increased and decreased FC. Significant differences were also found between networks using Yeo parcellations, showing both hyperconnectivity and hypoconnectivity between and within networks. Conclusions DC, seed-based FC and brain networks seem altered in DS, finding hypo- and hyperconnectivity depending on the areas. Network analysis revealed between- and within-network differences, and these abnormalities shown in DS could be related to the characteristics of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cañete-Massé
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,UB Institute of Complex Systems, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author at: Campus de Mundet, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Carbó-Carreté
- Serra Hunter Fellow, Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Peró-Cebollero
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,UB Institute of Complex Systems, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shi-Xian Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China,International Big-Data Center for Depression Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Gan Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China,International Big-Data Center for Depression Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joan Guàrdia-Olmos
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,UB Institute of Complex Systems, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Demirbilek O, Rekik I. Predicting the evolution trajectory of population-driven connectional brain templates using recurrent multigraph neural networks. Med Image Anal 2023; 83:102649. [PMID: 36257134 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The mapping of the time-dependent evolution of the human brain connectivity using longitudinal and multimodal neuroimaging datasets provides insights into the development of neurological disorders and the way they alter the brain morphology, structure and function over time. Recently, the connectional brain template (CBT) was introduced as a compact representation integrating a population of brain multigraphs, where two brain regions can have multiple connections, into a single graph. Given a population of brain multigraphs observed at a baseline timepoint t1, we aim to learn how to predict the evolution of the population CBT at follow-up timepoints t>t1. Such model will allow us to foresee the evolution of the connectivity patterns of healthy and disordered individuals at the population level. Here we present recurrent multigraph integrator network (ReMI-Net⋆) to forecast population templates at consecutive timepoints from a given single timepoint. In particular, we unprecedentedly design a graph neural network architecture to model the changes in the brain multigraph and identify the biomarkers that differentiate between the typical and atypical populations. Addressing such issues is of paramount importance in diagnosing neurodegenerative disorders at early stages and promoting new clinical studies based on the pinned-down biomarker brain regions or connectivities. In this paper, we demonstrate the design and use of the ReMI-Net⋆ model, which learns both the multigraph node level and time level dependencies concurrently. Thanks to its novel graph convolutional design and normalization layers, ReMI-Net⋆ predicts well-centered, discriminative, and topologically sound connectional templates over time. Additionally, the results show that our model outperforms all benchmarks and state-of-the-art methods by comparing and discovering the atypical connectivity alterations over time. Our ReMI-Net⋆ code is available on GitHub at https://github.com/basiralab/ReMI-Net-Star.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Demirbilek
- BASIRA lab, Faculty of Computer and Informatics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Islem Rekik
- BASIRA lab, Faculty of Computer and Informatics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey; School of Science and Engineering, Computing, University of Dundee, UK.
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27
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Vulnerability of the Neonatal Connectome following Postnatal Stress. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8948-8959. [PMID: 36376077 PMCID: PMC9732827 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0176-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress following preterm birth can disrupt the emerging foundation of the neonatal brain. The current study examined how structural brain development is affected by a stressful early environment and whether changes in topological architecture at term-equivalent age could explain the increased vulnerability for behavioral symptoms during early childhood. Longitudinal changes in structural brain connectivity were quantified using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and tractography in preterm born infants (gestational age <28 weeks), imaged at 30 and/or 40 weeks of gestation (N = 145, 43.5% female). A global index of postnatal stress was determined based on the number of invasive procedures during hospitalization (e.g., heel lance). Higher stress levels impaired structural connectivity growth in a subnetwork of 48 connections (p = 0.003), including the amygdala, insula, hippocampus, and posterior cingulate cortex. Findings were replicated in an independent validation sample (N = 123, 39.8% female, n = 91 with follow-up). Classifying infants into vulnerable and resilient based on having more or less internalizing symptoms at two to five years of age (n = 71) revealed lower connectivity in the hippocampus and amygdala for vulnerable relative to resilient infants (p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that higher stress exposure during hospital admission is associated with slower growth of structural connectivity. The preservation of global connectivity of the amygdala and hippocampus might reflect a stress-buffering or resilience-enhancing factor against a stressful early environment and early-childhood internalizing symptoms.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The preterm brain is exposed to various external stimuli following birth. The effects of early chronic stress on neonatal brain networks and the remarkable degree of resilience are not well understood. The current study aims to provide an increased understanding of the impact of postnatal stress on third-trimester brain development and describe the topological architecture of a resilient brain. We observed a sparser neonatal brain network in infants exposed to higher postnatal stress. Limbic regulatory regions, including the hippocampus and amygdala, may play a key role as crucial convergence sites of protective factors. Understanding how stress-induced alterations in early brain development might lead to brain (re)organization may provide essential insights into resilient functioning.
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28
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Otani S, Fushimi Y, Iwanaga K, Tomotaki S, Shimotsuma T, Nakajima S, Sakata A, Okuchi S, Hinoda T, Wicaksono KP, Takita J, Kawai M, Nakamoto Y. Evaluation of deep gray matter for early brain development using quantitative susceptibility mapping. Eur Radiol 2022; 33:4488-4499. [PMID: 36418626 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate susceptibility values associated with iron accumulation in the deep gray matter during postnatal development and to compare magnetic susceptibility between patients with normal and delayed development. METHODS Patients with postmenstrual age (PMA) ≤ 1000 days underwent MR scans between August 2015 and April 2020 at our hospital. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was performed, and magnetic susceptibility was measured using three-dimensional volumes of interest (VOIs) for the caudate nucleus (CN), globus pallidus (GP), putamen (PT), and ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VL). Cross-sectional analysis was performed for 99 patients with normal development and 39 patients with delayed development. Longitudinal analysis was also performed to interpret changes over time in 13 patients with normal development. Correlations between magnetic susceptibility in VOIs and PMA or chronological age (CA) were assessed. RESULTS Susceptibility values for CN, GP, PT, and VL showed positive moderate correlations with both PMA (ρ = 0.45, 0.69, 0.62, and 0.33, respectively) and CA (ρ = 0.53, 0.69, 0.66, and 0.39, respectively). The slope of the correlation between susceptibility values and age was highest in the GP among the four gray matter areas. Susceptibility values for the CN, GP, PT, and VL were higher with normal development than with delayed development at early postnatal age, although a significant difference was only observed for the CN. Susceptibility values also increased with age in the longitudinal analysis. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic susceptibility values in deep gray matter increased with age ≤ 1000 days. The normal development group showed higher susceptibility values than the delayed development group at early postnatal age (PMA ≤ 285 days). KEY POINTS • Magnetic susceptibilities in deep gray matter nuclei increased with age (postmenstrual age ≤ 1000 days) in a large number of pediatric patients. • The normal development group showed higher susceptibility values than the delayed development group in the basal ganglia and ventrolateral thalamic nucleus at early postnatal age (PMA ≤ 285 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Otani
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fushimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kogoro Iwanaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Seiichi Tomotaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taiki Shimotsuma
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakajima
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sakata
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Sachi Okuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Hinoda
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Krishna Pandu Wicaksono
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kawai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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29
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Impact of COVID-19 Related Maternal Stress on Fetal Brain Development: A Multimodal MRI Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226635. [PMID: 36431112 PMCID: PMC9695517 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruptions in perinatal care and support due to the COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented but significant stressor among pregnant women. Various neurostructural differences have been re-ported among fetuses and infants born during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic counterparts. The relationship between maternal stress due to pandemic related disruptions and fetal brain is yet unexamined. METHODS Pregnant participants with healthy pregnancies were prospectively recruited in 2020-2022 in the greater Los Angeles Area. Participants completed multiple self-report assessments for experiences of pandemic related disruptions, perceived stress, and coping behaviors and underwent fetal MRI. Maternal perceived stress exposures were correlated with quantitative multimodal MRI measures of fetal brain development using multivariate models. RESULTS Increased maternal perception of pandemic related stress positively correlated with normalized fetal brainstem volume (suggesting accelerated brainstem maturation). In contrast, increased maternal perception of pandemic related stress correlated with reduced global fetal brain temporal functional variance (suggesting reduced functional connectivity). CONCLUSIONS We report alterations in fetal brainstem structure and global functional fetal brain activity associated with increased maternal stress due to pandemic related disruptions, suggesting altered fetal programming. Long term follow-up studies are required to better understand the sequalae of these early multi-modal brain disruptions among infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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30
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Rajagopalan V, Reynolds WT, Zepeda J, Lopez J, Ponrartana S, Wood J, Ceschin R, Panigrahy A. Impact of COVID-19 related maternal stress on fetal brain development: A Multimodal MRI study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.10.26.22281575. [PMID: 36324796 PMCID: PMC9628193 DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.26.22281575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Disruptions in perinatal care and support due to the COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented but significant stressor among pregnant women. Various neurostructural differences have been re-ported among fetuses and infants born during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic counterparts. The relationship between maternal stress due to pandemic related disruptions and fetal brain is yet unexamined. Methods Pregnant participants with healthy pregnancies were prospectively recruited in 2020-2022 in the greater Los Angeles Area. Participants completed multiple self-report assessments for experiences of pandemic related disruptions, perceived stress, and coping behaviors and underwent fetal MRI. Maternal perceived stress exposures were correlated with quantitative multimodal MRI measures of fetal brain development using ltivariate models. Results Fetal brain stem volume increased with increased maternal perception of pandemic related stress positively correlated with normalized fetal brainstem volume (suggesting accelerated brainstem maturation). In contrast, increased maternal perception of pandemic related stress correlated with reduced global fetal brain temporal functional variance (suggesting reduced functional connectivity). Conclusions We report alterations in fetal brainstem structure and global functional fetal brain activity associated with increased maternal stress due to pandemic related disruptions, suggesting altered fetal programming. Long term follow-up studies are required to better understand the sequalae of these early multi-modal brain disruptions among infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Rajagopalan
- Department of Radiology Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA
| | - William T. Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Jeremy Zepeda
- Department of Radiology Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA
| | - Jeraldine Lopez
- Neuropsychology Core, The Saban Research Institute, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles
| | - Skorn Ponrartana
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA
| | - John Wood
- Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA
| | - Rafael Ceschin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15206
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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31
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Lean RE. Sensitive Parenting: A Key Moderator of Neonatal Cortical Dysmaturation and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children Born Very Preterm. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:609-611. [PMID: 36137704 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Lean
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Mento G, Toffoli L, Della Longa L, Farroni T, Del Popolo Cristaldi F, Duma GM. Adaptive Cognitive Control in Prematurely Born Children: An HD-EEG Investigation. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081074. [PMID: 36009137 PMCID: PMC9406101 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is a neurodevelopmental risk condition often associated with cognitive control (CC) impairment. Recent evidence showed that CC can be implicitly adapted through associative learning. In the present study we investigated the ability to flexibly adjust CC as a function of implicit stimulus-response temporal regularities in preterm (PT; N = 21; mean age 8 ± 1.3 years; gestational age 30 ± 18.5 weeks) and full-term (FT; N = 20; mean age 8 ± 1.3 years) school-age children. All children underwent an HD-EEG recording while undergoing the Dynamic Temporal Prediction (DTP) task, a simple S1–S2 detection task purposely designed to generate local-global temporal predictability of imperative stimuli. The Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) was administered to measure explicit CC. The PT group showed more premature and slower (DTP) as well as perseverative (WCST) responses than the FT group. Moreover, pre-terms showed poor adaptive CC as revealed by less efficient global response-speed adjustment. This behavioral pattern was mirrored by a reduced and less sensitive to global manipulation anticipatory Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) and by different cortical source recruitment. These findings suggest that implicit CC may be a reliable endophenotypic marker of atypical cognitive development associated with preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mento
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Lisa Toffoli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Letizia Della Longa
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Teresa Farroni
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Fiorella Del Popolo Cristaldi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- IRCCS “La Nostra Famiglia-Medea”, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Duma
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
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Greene MM, Schoeny ME, Berteletti J, Keim SA, Neel ML, Patra K, Smoske S, Breitenstein S. ezPreemie study protocol: a randomised controlled factorial trial testing web-based parent training and coaching with parents of children born very preterm. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063706. [PMID: 35732380 PMCID: PMC9226920 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children born very preterm (VPT; gestational age <32 weeks) are twice as likely to demonstrate behaviour problems such as aggression, non-compliance, temper tantrums and irritability compared with their term-born peers. While behavioural parent training (BPT), also referred to as behaviour therapy is a gold standard for prevention and treatment of childhood problem behaviours, there are limited accessible and effective BPT interventions for families with children born VPT. The purpose of this paper is to describe a multicentre, randomised controlled protocol for a factorial design trial evaluating the independent and combined effects of the ezParent BPT intervention plus brief, weekly coaching calls on parent and child outcomes for families with toddlers born VPT. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study employs a 2×2 factorial randomised design. Parents (n=220) of children aged 20-30 months corrected age who were born VPT (<32 weeks) will be recruited from two large metropolitan Neonatal Intensive Care Units follow-up clinics and randomised to one of four conditions: (1) ezParent (2) ezParent +coach, (3) Active control or (4) Active Control +coach. Data on parenting and child behaviour outcomes will be obtained from all participants at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months postbaseline. All analyses will use an intention-to-treat approach, independent of their actual dose of each intervention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol has been approved by The Ohio State University Institutional Review Board (IRB) using a single IRB. Study results will be disseminated through presentations at regional and national conferences, publications in peer-reviewed journals, and sharing research reports with participating families and recruiting sites. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05217615.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Greene
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M E Schoeny
- College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Sarah A Keim
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Lauren Neel
- Division of Neonatology & Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kousiki Patra
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shea Smoske
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Benki-Nugent SF, Yunusa R, Mueni A, Laboso T, Tamasha N, Njuguna I, Gómez L, Wamalwa DC, Tapia K, Maleche-Obimbo E, Bangirana P, Boivin MJ, John-Stewart GC. Lower Neurocognitive Functioning in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Compared With That in HIV-Unexposed Children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 89:441-447. [PMID: 35202050 PMCID: PMC8873990 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal HIV and antiretroviral therapy exposure may influence neurocognitive outcomes, although evidence is mixed and most studies are limited to outcomes in the first 24 months. We compared neurocognitive outcomes in school-aged children who were HIV exposed uninfected (CHEU) with those in children who were HIV unexposed uninfected (CHUU). SETTING Children were recruited from a health center in Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS Key inclusion criteria were children aged 5-12 years and confirmed child and maternal HIV status; for CHEU, mothers reported knowing HIV-positive status before or at delivery of the index child. Children underwent a detailed battery of neuropsychological tests and behavioral assessment, and comparisons of scores between CHEU and CHUU were conducted using linear regression. RESULTS Among 56 CHEU and 65 CHUU, the median age and sex distributions were 6.8 and 7.0 years (P = 0.8) and 48% and 60% girls (P = 0.2), respectively. In analyses adjusted for child's age and sex and caregiver's age, education, and household rent, CHEU had significantly lower mean z scores for global cognitive ability than CHUU [-0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.64 to -0.05; P = 0.02], short-term memory (-0.44, 95% CI: -0.76 to -0.12; P = 0.008), delayed memory (-0.43, 95% CI: -0.79 to -0.08; P = 0.02), attention (-0.41, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.05; P = 0.03), and processing speed (-0.76, 95% CI: -1.37 to -0.16; P = 0.01). Models adjusted for child nutritional status, household food security, and orphanhood yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS Children exposed to HIV had poorer long-term neurocognitive outcomes than CHUU. These data suggest that long-term studies of neurocognitive and educational attainment in CHEU are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rabi Yunusa
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Alice Mueni
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Tony Laboso
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nancy Tamasha
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Irene Njuguna
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Laurén Gómez
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Dalton C Wamalwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kenneth Tapia
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Paul Bangirana
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michael J Boivin
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neurology & Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Grace C John-Stewart
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Departments of Pediatrics
- Epidemiology; and
- Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Li Y, Wang D, Li Z, Ouyang Z. PSB0788 ameliorates maternal inflammation-induced periventricular leukomalacia-like injury. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10224-10234. [PMID: 35436416 PMCID: PMC9161964 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2061296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a distinctive form of cerebral white matter injury that pertains to myelination disturbances. Maternal inflammation is a main cause of white matter injury. Intrauterine inflammation cellular will be propagated to the developing brain by the entire maternal-placental-fetal axis, and triggers neural immune injury. As a low-affinity receptor, adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR) requires high concentrations of adenosine to be significantly activated in pathological conditions. We hypothesized that in the maternal inflammation-induced PVL model, a selective A2BAR antagonist PSB0788 had the potential to prevent the injury. In this work, a total of 18 SD pregnant rats were divided into three groups, and treated with intraperitoneal injection of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or LPS+PSB0788. Placental infection was determined by H&E staining and the inflammatory condition was determined by ELISA. Change of MBP, NG2 and CC-1 in the brain of the rats' offspring were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, LPS-induced maternal inflammation reduced the expression of MBP, which related to the decrease in the numbers of OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes in neonate rats. After treatment with PSB0788, the levels of MBP proteins increased in the rats' offspring, improved the remyelination. In conclusion, our study shows that the selective A2BAR antagonist PSB0788 plays an important role in promoting the normal development of OPCs in vivo by the maternal inflammation-induced PVL model. Future studies will focus on the mechanism of PSB0788 in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, scDFG Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of clinical medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China,Department of clinical medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhuoyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, scDFG Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,South China University of Technology-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Ouyang
- South China University of Technology Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,CONTACT Zhi Ouyang South China University of Technology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Namiranian R, Rahimi Malakshan S, Abrishami Moghaddam H, Khadem A, Jafari R. Normal development of the brain: a survey of joint structural-functional brain studies. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:745-765. [PMID: 35304982 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Joint structural-functional (S-F) developmental studies present a novel approach to address the complex neuroscience questions on how the human brain works and how it matures. Joint S-F biomarkers have the inherent potential to model effectively the brain's maturation, fill the information gap in temporal brain atlases, and demonstrate how the brain's performance matures during the lifespan. This review presents the current state of knowledge on heterochronous and heterogeneous development of S-F links during the maturation period. The S-F relationship has been investigated in early-matured unimodal and prolonged-matured transmodal regions of the brain using a variety of structural and functional biomarkers and data acquisition modalities. Joint S-F unimodal studies have employed auditory and visual stimuli, while the main focus of joint S-F transmodal studies has been resting-state and cognitive experiments. However, nonsignificant associations between some structural and functional biomarkers and their maturation show that designing and developing effective S-F biomarkers is still a challenge in the field. Maturational characteristics of brain asymmetries have been poorly investigated by the joint S-F studies, and the results were partially inconsistent with previous nonjoint ones. The inherent complexity of the brain performance can be modeled using multifactorial and nonlinear techniques as promising methods to simulate the impact of age on S-F relations considering their analysis challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Namiranian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 16317-14191, Iran
| | - Sahar Rahimi Malakshan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 16317-14191, Iran
| | - Hamid Abrishami Moghaddam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 16317-14191, Iran.,Inserm UMR 1105, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Ali Khadem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 16317-14191, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
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Early development of sleep and brain functional connectivity in term-born and preterm infants. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:771-786. [PMID: 33859364 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The proper development of sleep and sleep-wake rhythms during early neonatal life is crucial to lifelong neurological well-being. Recent data suggests that infants who have poor quality sleep demonstrate a risk for impaired neurocognitive outcomes. Sleep ontogenesis is a complex process, whereby alternations between rudimentary brain states-active vs. wake and active sleep vs. quiet sleep-mature during the last trimester of pregnancy. If the infant is born preterm, much of this process occurs in the neonatal intensive care unit, where environmental conditions might interfere with sleep. Functional brain connectivity (FC), which reflects the brain's ability to process and integrate information, may become impaired, with ensuing risks of compromised neurodevelopment. However, the specific mechanisms linking sleep ontogenesis to the emergence of FC are poorly understood and have received little investigation, mainly due to the challenges of studying causal links between developmental phenomena and assessing FC in newborn infants. Recent advancements in infant neuromonitoring and neuroimaging strategies will allow for the design of interventions to improve infant sleep quality and quantity. This review discusses how sleep and FC develop in early life, the dynamic relationship between sleep, preterm birth, and FC, and the challenges associated with understanding these processes. IMPACT: Sleep in early life is essential for proper functional brain development, which is essential for the brain to integrate and process information. This process may be impaired in infants born preterm. The connection between preterm birth, early development of brain functional connectivity, and sleep is poorly understood. This review discusses how sleep and brain functional connectivity develop in early life, how these processes might become impaired, and the challenges associated with understanding these processes. Potential solutions to these challenges are presented to provide direction for future research.
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Martini MI, Merkelbach I, Begeer S. Gestational Age in Autistic Children and Adolescents: Prevalence and Effects on Autism Phenotype. J Autism Dev Disord 2022; 53:1906-1914. [PMID: 35129797 PMCID: PMC10123031 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPre- and post-term children show increased autism risk. Little is known about gestational age (GA) prevalence among autistic children, and their respective autism phenotype. We compared prevalence of pre-, full- and post-term birth between a population-derived sample of N = 606 (137 females, 22.61%) autistic children and adolescents (mean age = 14.01, SD = 3.63, range 3–24) from the Netherlands Autism Register, and matched controls from the Dutch birth register. Autism phenotype and comorbid symptoms were assessed with the AQ-short and SDQ questionnaires. Using logistic regression, we found higher prevalence of pre- and post-term birth among autistic individuals but no phenotypical differences across GA groups. Autism risk was particularly elevated for post-term children, highlighting the need for closer investigation of autism on the whole GA range.
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Barnes-Davis ME, Williamson BJ, Merhar SL, Nagaraj UD, Parikh NA, Kadis DS. Extracallosal Structural Connectivity Is Positively Associated With Language Performance in Well-Performing Children Born Extremely Preterm. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:821121. [PMID: 35372163 PMCID: PMC8971711 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.821121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestation) are at risk for language delay or disorders. Decreased structural connectivity in preterm children has been associated with poor language outcome. Previously, we used multimodal imaging techniques to demonstrate that increased functional connectivity during a stories listening task was positively associated with language scores for preterm children. This functional connectivity was supported by extracallosal structural hyperconnectivity when compared to term-born children. Here, we attempt to validate this finding in a distinct cohort of well-performing extremely preterm children (EPT, n = 16) vs. term comparisons (TC, n = 28) and also compare this to structural connectivity in a group of extremely preterm children with a history of language delay or disorder (EPT-HLD, n = 8). All participants are 4-6 years of age. We perform q-space diffeomorphic reconstruction and functionally-constrained structural connectometry (based on fMRI activation), including a novel extension enabling between-groups comparisons with non-parametric ANOVA. There were no significant differences between groups in age, sex, race, ethnicity, parental education, family income, or language scores. For EPT, tracks positively associated with language scores included the bilateral posterior inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi and bilateral cerebellar peduncles and additional cerebellar white matter. Quantitative anisotropy in these pathways accounted for 55% of the variance in standardized language scores for the EPT group specifically. Future work will expand this cohort and follow longitudinally to investigate the impact of environmental factors on developing language networks and resiliency in the preterm brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Barnes-Davis
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Brady J Williamson
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie L Merhar
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Usha D Nagaraj
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Nehal A Parikh
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Darren S Kadis
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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40
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Hua J, Barnett AL, Lin Y, Guan H, Sun Y, Williams GJ, Fu Y, Zhou Y, Du W. Association of Gestational Age at Birth With Subsequent Neurodevelopment in Early Childhood: A National Retrospective Cohort Study in China. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:860192. [PMID: 35712637 PMCID: PMC9194570 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.860192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between preterm birth and neurodevelopmental delays have been well examined, however, reliable estimates for the full range of gestational age (GA) are limited, and few studies explored the impact of post-term birth on child development. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the long-term neuropsychological outcomes of children born in a full range of GA with a national representative sample in China. METHODS In this retrospective population-based cohort study, a total of 137,530 preschoolers aged 3-5 years old (65,295/47.5% females and 72,235/52.5% males) were included in the final analysis. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) was completed by parents to evaluate children's neurodevelopment. The associations between GA and neurodevelopment were analyzed by a generalized additive mixed model with thin plate regression splines. Logistic regression was also conducted to examine the differences in children's development with different GAs. RESULTS There was a non-linear relationship between GA and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes with the highest scores at 40 weeks gestational age. The adjusted risks of GAs (very and moderately preterm, late-preterm, early-term, and post-term groups) on suspected developmental delays were observed in communication (OR were 1.83, 1.28, 1.13, and 1.21 respectively, each p < 0.05), gross motor skill (OR were 1.67, 1.38, 1.10, and 1.05 respectively, each p < 0.05), and personal social behavior (OR were 1.01, 1.36, 1.12, and 1.18 respectively, each p < 0.05). The adjusted OR of very and moderately preterm, late-preterm, and early-term were observed in fine motor skills (OR were 1.53, 1.22, and 1.09 respectively, each p < 0.05) and problem-solving (OR were 1.33, 1.12, and 1.06 respectively, each p < 0.05). CONCLUSION GAs is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental delays in preschoolers after controlling for a wide range of covariates, and 40-41 weeks may be the ideal delivery GA for optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Close observation and monitoring should be considered for early- and post-term born children as well as pre-term children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yao Lin
- Haikou Hospital of the Maternal and Child Health, Hainai, China
| | | | - Yuanjie Sun
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gareth J Williams
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Kitase Y, Chin EM, Ramachandra S, Burkhardt C, Madurai NK, Lenz C, Hoon AH, Robinson S, Jantzie LL. Sustained peripheral immune hyper-reactivity (SPIHR): an enduring biomarker of altered inflammatory responses in adult rats after perinatal brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:242. [PMID: 34666799 PMCID: PMC8527679 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chorioamnionitis (CHORIO) is a principal risk factor for preterm birth and is the most common pathological abnormality found in the placentae of preterm infants. CHORIO has a multitude of effects on the maternal–placental–fetal axis including profound inflammation. Cumulatively, these changes trigger injury in the developing immune and central nervous systems, thereby increasing susceptibility to chronic sequelae later in life. Despite this and reports of neural–immune changes in children with cerebral palsy, the extent and chronicity of the peripheral immune and neuroinflammatory changes secondary to CHORIO has not been fully characterized. Methods We examined the persistence and time course of peripheral immune hyper-reactivity in an established and translational model of perinatal brain injury (PBI) secondary to CHORIO. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy on embryonic day 18 (E18, preterm equivalent). Uterine arteries were occluded for 60 min, followed by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at young adult (postnatal day P60) and middle-aged equivalents (P120). Serum and PBMCs secretome chemokines and cytokines were assayed using multiplex electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Multiparameter flow cytometry was performed to interrogate immune cell populations. Results Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-5, IL-6, C–X–C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CXCL1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C–C motif chemokine ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1) were significantly higher in CHORIO animals compared to sham controls at P60. Notably, CHORIO PBMCs were primed. Specifically, they were hyper-reactive and secreted more inflammatory mediators both at baseline and when stimulated in vitro. While serum levels of cytokines normalized by P120, PBMCs remained primed, and hyper-reactive with a robust pro-inflammatory secretome concomitant with a persistent change in multiple T cell populations in CHORIO animals. Conclusions The data indicate that an in utero inflammatory insult leads to neural–immune changes that persist through adulthood, thereby conferring vulnerability to brain and immune system injury throughout the lifespan. This unique molecular and cellular immune signature including sustained peripheral immune hyper-reactivity (SPIHR) and immune cell priming may be a viable biomarker of altered inflammatory responses following in utero insults and advances our understanding of the neuroinflammatory cascade that leads to perinatal brain injury and later neurodevelopmental disorders, including cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Kitase
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC Building, 6-104A, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric M Chin
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramachandra
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC Building, 6-104A, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Burkhardt
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC Building, 6-104A, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nethra K Madurai
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC Building, 6-104A, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Colleen Lenz
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander H Hoon
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shenandoah Robinson
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lauren L Jantzie
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC Building, 6-104A, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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From Neonatal Intensive Care to Neurocritical Care: Is It Still a Mirage? The Sicilian Multicenter Project. Crit Care Res Pract 2021; 2021:1782406. [PMID: 34426771 PMCID: PMC8380151 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1782406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neonatal brain injury (NBI) can lead to a significant neurological disability or even death. After decades of intense efforts to improve neonatal intensive care and survival of critically ill newborns, the focus today is an improved long-term neurological outcome through brain-focused care. The goal of neuroprotection in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is the prevention of new or worsening NBI in premature and term newborns. As a result, the neonatal neurocritical care unit (NNCU) has been emerging as a model of care to decrease NBI and improve the long-term neurodevelopment in critically ill neonates. Purpose Neurocritical care (NCC) Sicilian project includes three academic sites with NICU in Sicily (Catania, Messina, and Palermo), and its primary goal is to develop neurocritical neonatal care unit (NNCU). Methods In 2018, the three NICUs created a dedicated space for neonates with primary neurological diagnosis or at risk for neurological injuries—NNCU. Admission criteria for eligible patients and treatment protocols were created. Contact with parents, environmental protection, basic monitoring, brain monitoring, pharmacological therapy, and organization of the staff were protocolized. Results Evaluation of the efforts to establish NNCU within existing NICU, current protocols, and encountered problems are shown. Implications for Practice. Our outcome confirmed the need for dedicated NNCU for neuroprotection of critically ill neonates at risk for a neurological injury. Although the literature on neonatal neurocritical care is still scarce, we see the value of such targeted approach to newborn brain protection and therefore we will continue developing our NNCU, even though there have been problems encountered. The project of building NNCU will continue to be closely monitored. Conclusions The development of our neonatal neurocritical model of care is far from being completed. Although it is currently limited to the Sicilian area only, the goal of this paper is to share the development of this multicenter interdisciplinary project focused on a newborn brain protection. After evaluating our outcome, we strongly believe that a combined expertise in neonatal neurology and neonatal critical care can lead to an improved neurodevelopmental outcome for critically ill neonates, from the extremely preterm to those with brain injuries.
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Gustorff C, Scheuer T, Schmitz T, Bührer C, Endesfelder S. GABA B Receptor-Mediated Impairment of Intermediate Progenitor Maturation During Postnatal Hippocampal Neurogenesis of Newborn Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:651072. [PMID: 34421540 PMCID: PMC8377254 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.651072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter GABA and its receptors assume essential functions during fetal and postnatal brain development. The last trimester of a human pregnancy and early postnatal life involves a vulnerable period of brain development. In the second half of gestation, there is a developmental shift from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing in the GABAergic system, which might be disturbed by preterm birth. Alterations of the postnatal GABA shift are associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. In this in vivo study, we investigated neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) in response to daily administration of pharmacological GABAA (DMCM) and GABAB (CGP 35348) receptor inhibitors to newborn rats. Six-day-old Wistar rats (P6) were daily injected (i.p.) to postnatal day 11 (P11) with DMCM, CGP 35348, or vehicle to determine the effects of both antagonists on postnatal neurogenesis. Due to GABAB receptor blockade by CGP 35348, immunohistochemistry revealed a decrease in the number of NeuroD1 positive intermediate progenitor cells and a reduction of proliferative Nestin-positive neuronal stem cells at the DG. The impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis at this stage of differentiation is in line with a significantly decreased RNA expression of the transcription factors Pax6, Ascl1, and NeuroD1. Interestingly, the number of NeuN-positive postmitotic neurons was not affected by GABAB receptor blockade, although strictly associated transcription factors for postmitotic neurons, Tbr1, Prox1, and NeuroD2, displayed reduced expression levels, suggesting impairment by GABAB receptor antagonization at this stage of neurogenesis. Antagonization of GABAB receptors decreased the expression of neurotrophins (BDNF, NT-3, and NGF). In contrast to the GABAB receptor blockade, the GABAA receptor antagonization revealed no significant changes in cell counts, but an increased transcriptional expression of Tbr1 and Tbr2. We conclude that GABAergic signaling via the metabotropic GABAB receptor is crucial for hippocampal neurogenesis at the time of rapid brain growth and of the postnatal GABA shift. Differentiation and proliferation of intermediate progenitor cells are dependent on GABA. These insights become more pertinent in preterm infants whose developing brains are prematurely exposed to spostnatal stress and predisposed to poor neurodevelopmental disorders, possibly as sequelae of early disruption in GABAergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gustorff
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Scheuer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Lin CH, Lin WD, Chou IC, Lee IC, Hong SY. Is Preterm Birth a Risk Factor for Subsequent Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children with Febrile Seizure?-A Retrospective Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080854. [PMID: 34440598 PMCID: PMC8398685 DOI: 10.3390/life11080854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS) is the most prevalent childhood seizure; it is significantly related to subsequent epilepsy and has possible links to childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Separately, premature births are believed to increase the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, this study investigated whether preterm birth is a risk factor for subsequent epilepsy, ASD, and ADHD in children with FS. We retrospectively collected data for children aged < 5 years with FS from 1 January 2005, to 31 December 2013. We divided these children into two groups-the premature birth group and the full-term group-and compared their incidence rates of epilepsy, ASD and ADHD. The data of 426 patients with history of febrile convulsion were retrospectively collected. The premature birth group (FS+/preterm+) had 108 patients and the full-term group (FS+/preterm-) had 318 patients. The overall epilepsy risk in the FS+/preterm+ group was higher than in the FS+/preterm- group (odds ratio [OR], 2.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-5.58; p = 0.02). The overall risk of ADHD in the FS+/preterm+ group was higher than that in the FS+/preterm- group (OR, 6.41; 95% CI, 3.39-12.09; p = 0.0001). In addition, children with FS+/preterm+ had 16.9 times (95% CI, 4.79-59.7; p = 0.0001) higher odds of having ASD compared with those with FS+/preterm-. Preterm birth may be a risk factor for subsequent epilepsy, ASD and ADHD in children with FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Heng Lin
- Division of Pediatrics Pulmonology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Wei-De Lin
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Division of Pediatrics Neurology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
| | - Inn-Chi Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402306, Taiwan;
| | - Syuan-Yu Hong
- Division of Pediatrics Neurology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Argyropoulou MI, Xydis VG, Drougia A, Giantsouli AS, Giapros V, Astrakas LG. Structural and functional brain connectivity in moderate-late preterm infants with low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage. Neuroradiology 2021; 64:197-204. [PMID: 34342681 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-021-02770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brain functional connectivity (FC) changes and microstructural abnormalities are reported in infants born moderate and late preterm (MLPT). We evaluated the effect of low-grade (grades I, II) intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in MLPT babies on brain structural connectivity (SC) and FC. METHODS Babies born MLPT between January 2014 and May 2017 underwent brain ultrasound (US) at 72 h and 7 days after birth, and MRI at around term equivalent. The MRI protocol comprised T1- and T2-weighted sequences, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI). SC and FC were assessed using graph analysis. RESULTS Of 350 MLPT neonates, 15 showed low-grade IVH on US at 72 h, for which brain MRI was available in 10. These 10 infants, with mean gestational age (GA) 34.0 ± 0.8 weeks, comprised the study group, and 10 MLPT infants of mean GA 33.9 ± 1.1 weeks, with no abnormalities on brain US and MRI, were control subjects. All study subjects presented modularity, small world topology, and rich club organization for both SC and FC. The patients with low-grade IVH had lower FC rich club coefficient and lower SC betweenness centrality in the left frontoparietal operculum, and lower SC rich club coefficient in the right superior orbitofrontal cortex than the control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Topological and functional properties of mature brain connectivity are present in MLPT infants. IVH in these infants was associated with structural and functional abnormalities in the left frontoparietal operculum and right orbitofrontal cortex, regions related to language and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Argyropoulou
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Vasileios G Xydis
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Drougia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anastasia S Giantsouli
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasileios Giapros
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Loukas G Astrakas
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Lean RE, Ortinau CM. Neonatal Brain Structure and Cognitively Stimulating Parenting Differentially Relate to Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Children Born Very Preterm. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 1:87-89. [PMID: 36324996 PMCID: PMC9616377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Lean
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cynthia M. Ortinau
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Kelsey CM, Farris K, Grossmann T. Variability in Infants' Functional Brain Network Connectivity Is Associated With Differences in Affect and Behavior. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:685754. [PMID: 34177669 PMCID: PMC8220897 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.685754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Variability in functional brain network connectivity has been linked to individual differences in cognitive, affective, and behavioral traits in adults. However, little is known about the developmental origins of such brain-behavior correlations. The current study examined functional brain network connectivity and its link to behavioral temperament in typically developing newborn and 1-month-old infants (M [age] = 25 days; N = 75) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Specifically, we measured long-range connectivity between cortical regions approximating fronto-parietal, default mode, and homologous-interhemispheric networks. Our results show that connectivity in these functional brain networks varies across infants and maps onto individual differences in behavioral temperament. Specifically, connectivity in the fronto-parietal network was positively associated with regulation and orienting behaviors, whereas connectivity in the default mode network showed the opposite effect on these behaviors. Our analysis also revealed a significant positive association between the homologous-interhemispheric network and infants' negative affect. The current results suggest that variability in long-range intra-hemispheric and cross-hemispheric functional connectivity between frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex is associated with individual differences in affect and behavior. These findings shed new light on the brain origins of individual differences in early-emerging behavioral traits and thus represent a viable novel approach for investigating developmental trajectories in typical and atypical neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Kelsey
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Katrina Farris
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Tobias Grossmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Liu GXH, Harding JE. Caregiver-reported health-related quality of life of New Zealand children born very and extremely preterm. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253026. [PMID: 34101760 PMCID: PMC8186812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children born preterm, particularly at earlier gestations, are at increased risk for mortality and morbidity, but later health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is less well described. Neurodevelopmental impairment and socio-economic status may also influence HRQoL. Our aim was to describe the HRQoL of a cohort of New Zealand children born very and extremely preterm, and how this is related to neurodevelopmental impairment, gestational age, and socio-economic deprivation. METHODS Children born <30 weeks' gestation or <1500 g birthweight were assessed at 7 years' corrected age. Caregivers completed the Child Health Questionnaire Parent Form (CHQ-PF50), and the Health Utilities Index Mark 2 (HUI-2). Neurodevelopmental impairment was defined as Wechsler full scale intelligence quotient below -1 standard deviation (SD), Movement Assessment Battery for Children total score ≤15 percentile, cerebral palsy, deafness, or blindness. RESULTS Data were collected for 127 children, of whom 60 (47%) had neurodevelopmental impairment. Overall, HRQoL was good: mean (SD) CHQ-PF50 physical summary score = 50.8 (11.1), psychosocial summary score = 49.3 (9.1) [normative mean 50 (10)]; HUI-2 dead-healthy scale = 0.92 (0.09) [maximum 1.0]. Neurodevelopmental impairment, lower gestational age, and higher socio-economic deprivation were all associated with reduced HRQoL. However, on multivariable analysis, only intelligence quotient and motor function were associated with psychosocial HRQoL, while intelligence quotient was associated with physical HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS Most seven-year-old children born very and extremely preterm have good HRQoL. Further improvements will require reduced neurodevelopmental impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon X. H. Liu
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane E. Harding
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
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Yu WH, Wang ST, Chen LW, Lin YC, Huang CC. Effect of first-month head-size growth trajectory on cognitive outcomes in preterm infants. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:367-374. [PMID: 34099330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine whether the patterns of head-size growth trajectory in the first month after birth are associated with different susceptibility to cognitive impairment outcomes at age 24 months. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 590 infants of very-preterm survivors born between 2001 and 2016 receiving neurodevelopmental assessment at age 24 months. 403 children were enrolled for analysis after excluding infants with small-for-gestational age and severe brain injury. The head circumference (HC) growth evaluated weekly in the first month after birth compared to the at-birth HC was analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling. Neurocognition outcomes were determined as normal, borderline delay, or impaired using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. RESULTS The HC growth dynamics in the first month after birth showed three trajectory patterns: delayed catch-up (31.5%), slow catch-up (54.0%), and fast catch-up (14.5%), which significantly corresponded to different rates of impaired cognition at 19.5%, 6.0%, and 8.5%, respectively (p < 0.001). While 60% of the fast catch-up group had normal cognition, only one-third of the delayed catch-up group showed normal cognition. Three neonatal risk factors, gestational age (p = 0.006), respiratory distress syndrome requiring surfactant therapy (p = 0.012), and hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus requiring intervention (p = 0.047) significantly affected HC growth trajectory patterning that led to cognitive impairment outcomes at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Preterm infants with delayed catch-up of head-size growth in the first month of age is susceptible to cognitive impairment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Yu
- Graduate Institutes of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Tair Wang
- Graduate Institutes of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institutes of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chieh Lin
- Graduate Institutes of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ching Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sun Y, Lan Z, Xue SW, Zhao L, Xiao Y, Kuai C, Lin Q, Bao K. Brain state-dependent dynamic functional connectivity patterns in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:569-575. [PMID: 33991995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients have presented aberrant static brain networks, however identifying ADHD patients based on dynamic information in brain networks is not fully clear. Data were obtained from 32 boys with ADHD and 52 sex- and age-matched typically developing controls; a sliding-window method was used to assess dynamic functional connectivity (dFC), and two reoccurring dFC states (the hot and cool states) were then identified using a k-means clustering method. The results showed that ADHD patients had significant changes in occurrence, transitions times and dFC strength of the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and sensorimotor network (SMN) in the cool state. The severity of ADHD symptoms showed significant correlations with the regional amplitude of dFC fluctuations in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior medial prefrontal cortex (amPFC) and precuneus. These findings could provide insights on the state-dependent dynamic changes in large-scale brain connectivity and network configurations in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Sun
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhihui Lan
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Shao-Wei Xue
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Changxiao Kuai
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Lin
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China; College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Kangchen Bao
- College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
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