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Bonus CG, Hatcher D, Northall T, Montayre J. Using a co-design methodological approach to optimize perioperative nursing care for older adult patients from ethnically diverse backgrounds: a study protocol. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2349438. [PMID: 38709958 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2349438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This article outlines the use of a co-design methodological approach aimed at optimizing perioperative care experiences for ethnically diverse older adults and their family carers. The research involved three phases. In Phase 1, the foundation was established with the formation of a Core Advisory Group comprising key informants, including health consumers. This initial phase focused on forming relationships and conducting a literature review to inform subsequent stages of the research. Phase 2 progressed to data collection, where a qualitative survey on perioperative experiences was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were held with patients, their family carers, and perioperative staff. Phase 3 advanced the co-design process through a workshop involving patients, family carers, perioperative staff, and key stakeholders. Workshop participants collaborated on potential practice changes, proposing strategies for future clinical implementation. While data analysis and reporting for Phases 2 and 3 are forthcoming, the continued involvement of the Core Advisory Group ensures ongoing consensus-building on health consumer needs. This methodology article adopts a prospective stance, with findings to be presented in subsequent scholarly works. Use of this methodology will help to determine how the use of a co-design approach may impact the development of culturally responsive perioperative nursing care for those from ethnically diverse communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine G Bonus
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Blacktown, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah Hatcher
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Tiffany Northall
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Jed Montayre
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR
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Cheers N, Matheson M, Skinner I, Wells C. Perspectives and Experiences of Dance-Related Injuries: A Qualitative Survey of Adolescent Pre-Professional Ballet Dancers in Australia. J Dance Med Sci 2024; 28:90-108. [PMID: 38279801 DOI: 10.1177/1089313x231224011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore perspectives and experiences of adolescent ballet dancers in Australia in relation to dance-related injuries and their impact, injury risk factors, prevention, and treatment. Design: Adolescent ballet dancers aged from 12 to 19 years in Australia were invited to participate in an online qualitative survey. Methods: Responses to open-ended questions were analyzed thematically using grounded theory while quantitative information was summarized with descriptive statistics and triangulated with qualitative data. Results: Nineteen adolescent dancers reported experiencing pain and multiple injuries but hiding or ignoring injuries due to fear. Dancers recognized the significant physical and psycho-social impact of dance-related injuries on themselves and others. Several risks and injury prevention strategies were identified by dancers. Dancers perceived that treatments were not always informed or effective. Conclusion: Findings suggest that adolescent ballet dancers experience multiple dance-related injuries but require support to disclose injuries, participate in injury prevention, and access treatment. Health professionals may improve quality of care by increasing their understanding of ballet and providing specific management advice. Dance teachers may benefit from further education to support their students. Clinical trials are required to confirm or negate the validity of proposed injury risks and the effectiveness of injury prevention strategies and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Cheers
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Matheson
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Skinner
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Cherie Wells
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
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Szabo RA, Molloy E, Allen KJ, Francis J, Story D. Leaders' experiences of embedding a simulation-based education programme in a teaching hospital: an interview study informed by normalisation process theory. Adv Simul (Lond) 2024; 9:21. [PMID: 38769574 PMCID: PMC11106868 DOI: 10.1186/s41077-024-00294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
There is limited research on the experiences of people in working to embed, integrate and sustain simulation programmes. This interview-based study explored leaders' experiences of normalising a simulation-based education programme in a teaching hospital. Fourteen known simulation leaders across Australia and North America were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis sensitised by normalisation process theory, an implementation science theory which defines 'normal' as something being embedded, integrated and sustained. We used a combined social and experiential constructivist approach. Four themes were generated from the data: (1) Leadership, (2) business startup mindset, (3) poor understanding of simulation undermines normalisation and (4) tension of competing objectives. These themes were interlinked and represented how leaders experienced the process of normalising simulation. There was a focus on the relationships that influence decision-making of simulation leaders and organisational buy-in, such that what started as a discrete programme becomes part of normal hospital operations. The discourse of 'survival' was strong, and this indicated that simulation being normal or embedded and sustained was still more a goal than a reality. The concept of being like a 'business startup' was regarded as significant as was the feature of leadership and how simulation leaders influenced organisational change. Participants spoke of trying to normalise simulation for patient safety, but there was also a strong sense that they needed to be agile and innovative and that this status is implied when simulation is not yet 'normal'. Leadership, change management and entrepreneurship in addition to implementation science may all contribute towards understanding how to embed, integrate and sustain simulation in teaching hospitals without losing responsiveness. Further research on how all stakeholders view simulation as a normal part of a teaching hospital is warranted, including simulation participants, quality and safety teams and hospital executives. This study has highlighted that a shared understanding of the purpose and breadth of simulation is a prerequisite for embedding and sustaining simulation. An approach of marketing simulation beyond simulation-based education as a patient safety and systems improvement mindset, not just a technique nor technology, may assist towards simulation being sustainably embedded within teaching hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Szabo
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Gandel Simulation Service, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Molloy
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kara J Allen
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Gandel Simulation Service, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jillian Francis
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - David Story
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Pai NN, Brown RC, Black KE. Risk of low energy availability and nutrition knowledge among female team sport athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:446-454. [PMID: 38305006 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.23.15273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition knowledge influences adequate dietary intake in athletes. Inadequate dietary intakes can result in low energy availability (LEA) which can lead to relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S). To date, there is little information on the relationship between nutrition knowledge and the risk of LEA in female team sport athletes. This study investigates if general and sports nutrition knowledge are associated with the risk of LEA in female team athletes. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used. Female athletes (>16 years) who participate in team sports in New Zealand were asked to complete an online questionnaire. The LEA in Females Questionnaire and the Abridged Sport Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire were included. LEA risk and general/sports nutrition knowledge were assessed. The relationship between LEA risk and knowledge was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis Test of independent variables and χ2 tests. RESULTS Among 100 female athletes, 53% were at-risk for LEA, and 70% (N.=67) had poor nutrition knowledge. Athletes who were "at-risk" for LEA and those who were "not at-risk" for LEA did not differ statistically in terms of age (P=0.350) or BMI (P=0.576). Of those "not at risk" 54% had an A-NSK score between 50 and 60% (i.e., average knowledge), whereas 54% of the athletes who were "at risk" for LEA had poor nutrition knowledge. There was no statistical difference between the groups (P=0.273). CONCLUSIONS The poor nutrition knowledge and the high rates of those "at risk" of LEA among team sports athletes indicates the need for more nutrition education in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namratha N Pai
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Dietetics and Applied Nutrition, Welcomgroup Graduate School of Hotel Administration, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rachel C Brown
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Katherine E Black
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand -
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Wodecka L, Koulouglioti C, Gonçalves AC, Hill A, Hodgson L. Exploring the recovery journey of COVID-19 critical care survivors during the first year after hospital discharge. J Intensive Care Soc 2024; 25:181-189. [PMID: 38737315 PMCID: PMC11086722 DOI: 10.1177/17511437241227738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the longitudinal recovery of patients admitted to critical care following COVID-19 over the year following hospital discharge. To understand the important aspects of the patients' recovery process and key elements of their caregivers' experiences during this time. Design A longitudinal qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Setting Two acute hospitals in South East England and follow-up in the community. Participants Six COVID-19 critical care survivors from the first wave of the pandemic (March-May 2020) and five relatives were interviewed 3 months after hospital discharge. The same six survivors and one relative were interviewed again at 1 year. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, anonymised and a reflexive thematic analysis was conducted. Results Three themes were developed: (1) 'The cycle of guilt, fear and stigma'; (2) 'Facing the uncertainties of recovery' and (3) 'Coping with lingering symptoms - the new norm'. The first theme highlights survivors' reluctance to share their experiences associated with contracting the disease. The second theme, explores challenges faced by the survivors and their relatives in navigating the recovery process, given the unknown nature of the illness. The final theme illustrates the mechanisms survivors develop to come to terms with the remnants of their illness and critical care stay. Conclusions The longitudinal nature of the study highlighted the persisting symptoms of long COVID-19, their impact on survivors and coping methods amidst the ongoing pandemic. Further research into the experiences of those affected in the first and subsequent waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, is desirable to help guide the formulation of the optimally supported recovery pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Wodecka
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Christina Koulouglioti
- Research and Innovation Department, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Ana-Carolina Gonçalves
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Adele Hill
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Luke Hodgson
- Intensive care and respiratory consultant, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Honorary Clinical Reader, BSMS, UK
- Honorary Clinical Reader, Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS), University of Sussex, Brighton and Hove, UK
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Haroutounian S, Holzer KJ, Kerns RD, Veasley C, Dworkin RH, Turk DC, Carman KL, Chambers CT, Cowan P, Edwards RR, Eisenach JC, Farrar JT, Ferguson M, Forsythe LP, Freeman R, Gewandter JS, Gilron I, Goertz C, Grol-Prokopczyk H, Iyengar S, Jordan I, Kamp C, Kleykamp BA, Knowles RL, Langford DJ, Mackey S, Malamut R, Markman J, Martin KR, McNicol E, Patel KV, Rice AS, Rowbotham M, Sandbrink F, Simon LS, Steiner DJ, Vollert J. Patient engagement in designing, conducting, and disseminating clinical pain research: IMMPACT recommended considerations. Pain 2024; 165:1013-1028. [PMID: 38198239 PMCID: PMC11017749 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the traditional clinical research model, patients are typically involved only as participants. However, there has been a shift in recent years highlighting the value and contributions that patients bring as members of the research team, across the clinical research lifecycle. It is becoming increasingly evident that to develop research that is both meaningful to people who have the targeted condition and is feasible, there are important benefits of involving patients in the planning, conduct, and dissemination of research from its earliest stages. In fact, research funders and regulatory agencies are now explicitly encouraging, and sometimes requiring, that patients are engaged as partners in research. Although this approach has become commonplace in some fields of clinical research, it remains the exception in clinical pain research. As such, the Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials convened a meeting with patient partners and international representatives from academia, patient advocacy groups, government regulatory agencies, research funding organizations, academic journals, and the biopharmaceutical industry to develop consensus recommendations for advancing patient engagement in all stages of clinical pain research in an effective and purposeful manner. This article summarizes the results of this meeting and offers considerations for meaningful and authentic engagement of patient partners in clinical pain research, including recommendations for representation, timing, continuous engagement, measurement, reporting, and research dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Haroutounian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Katherine J. Holzer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Robert D. Kerns
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Christin Veasley
- Chronic Pain Research Alliance, North Kingstown, RI, United States
| | - Robert H. Dworkin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Dennis C. Turk
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristin L. Carman
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), Washington, DC, United States
| | - Christine T. Chambers
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, and Centre for Pediatric Pain Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Penney Cowan
- American Chronic Pain Association, Rocklin, CA, United States
| | - Robert R. Edwards
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - James C. Eisenach
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - John T. Farrar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - McKenzie Ferguson
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, School of Pharmacy, Edwardsville, IL, United States
| | - Laura P. Forsythe
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), Washington, DC, United States
| | - Roy Freeman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Gewandter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ian Gilron
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine and Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Goertz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Smriti Iyengar
- Division of Translational Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Isabel Jordan
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, and Centre for Pediatric Pain Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Cornelia Kamp
- Center for Health and Technology/Clinical Materials Services Unit, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Bethea A. Kleykamp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rachel L. Knowles
- Medical Research Council (part of UK Research and Innovation), London, United Kingdom
| | - Dale J. Langford
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sean Mackey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - John Markman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kathryn R. Martin
- Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan McNicol
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kushang V. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrew S.C. Rice
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Rowbotham
- Departments of Anesthesia and Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Friedhelm Sandbrink
- National Pain Management, Opioid Safety, and Prescription Drug Monitoring Program, Specialty Care Program Office, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Deborah J. Steiner
- Global Pain, Pain & Neurodegeneration, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jan Vollert
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Tchouaket E, Kruglova K, Sieleunou I, Tsafack M, Tankwa JM, Takoguen G, Argiropoulos N, Robins S, Sia D. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of stakeholders involved in healthcare financing programs on economic evaluations in Cameroon. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003101. [PMID: 38662686 PMCID: PMC11045103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
There are many healthcare financing programs (HFPs) in Cameroon; however, there is a lack of information on these programs' economic effectiveness and efficiency. Involvement of local stakeholders in the economic evaluations (EEs) of HFPs is critical for ensuring contextual factors are considered prior to program implementation. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the need for EEs of Cameroonian HFPs. Regular staff in supervisory roles aged 18 years and above were recruited in four Cameroonian cities. Data were collected via face-to-face surveys between June 15 and August 1, 2022. Descriptive analyses summarized participants' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in relation to performing EEs of HFPs. Principal component analyses identified organizational, individual, and contextual factors that could influence participants' involvement. The total sample included 106 participants. On average, 65% of participants reported being aware of the listed HFPs; however, of these, only 28% said that they had been involved in the HFPs. Of the 106 participants, 57.5% knew about EEs; yet, almost 90% reported that the HFP in question had never been subject to an EE, and 84% had never been involved in an EE. Most participants indicated that they had intended or would like to receive EE training. Using principal component analyses, the organizational factors were classified into two components ('policy and governance' and 'planning and implementation'), the individual factors were classified into two components ('training' and 'motivation'), and the contextual factors were classified into three components ('funding,' 'political economy,' and 'public expectations'). The findings of this study highlight the need to invest in EE training to improve participation rates of Cameroonian stakeholders in the EEs of HFPs. Improved knowledge, diversified skills, and increased participation of stakeholders from all levels of the Cameroonian healthcare system are critical to the effective and efficient development, implementation, and EE of the country's HFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tchouaket
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Québec, Canada
| | - Katya Kruglova
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Nikolas Argiropoulos
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Robins
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Québec, Canada
| | - Drissa Sia
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Québec, Canada
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Bochkezanian V, Henricksen KJ, Lineburg BJ, Myers-Macdonnell LA, Bourbeau D, Anderson KD. Priorities, needs and willingness of use of nerve stimulation devices for bladder and bowel function in people with spinal cord injury (SCI): an Australian survey. Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2024; 10:15. [PMID: 38514608 PMCID: PMC10957911 DOI: 10.1038/s41394-024-00628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Anonymous online survey OBJECTIVES: To investigate the priorities, needs and willingness to adopt nerve stimulation devices for managing neurogenic bladder and bowel function in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in Australia. SETTING Online survey of people living with SCI in Australia. METHODS This anonymous online survey used Qualtrics and was advertised via standard communication channels, such as advocacy groups representing the SCI community in Australia, social media, attending SCI sporting events and by word-of-mouth. RESULTS Responses from 62 individuals (32% female, 68% male) were included. Bladder emptying through urethra without catheter was the highest priority for bladder function. Reducing time required for bowel routines and constipation were the top priorities regarding bowel function. The highest concern for internal/implanted devices was the 4% chance of device surgical removal, while wearing wires under the clothes was the main concern for external devices. 53% of respondents were willing to trial an implanted nerve stimulation device, while 70% would trial an external device to improve and gain independence in bladder and bowel function. CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlighted the potential role in which nerve stimulation can have in addressing bladder and bowel dysfunction in people with SCI, and have also identified that there was a need for Australian physiotherapists to evaluate their role in bladder and bowel dysfunction. Results from this study can help guide further research in nerve stimulation devices for bladder and bowel dysfunction in people with SCI. SPONSORSHIP n/a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Bochkezanian
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences College of Health Sciences Building 34 Office 1.02, Bruce Highway, CQUniversity Australia, Rockhampton North, QLD 4702, Australia.
- The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Kelsey J Henricksen
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences College of Health Sciences, CQUniversity Australia 1/1.04-2, University Dr, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Lineburg
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences College of Health Sciences, CQUniversity Australia 1/1.04-2, University Dr, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia
| | - Louis A Myers-Macdonnell
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences College of Health Sciences, CQUniversity Australia 1/1.04-2, University Dr, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia
| | - Dennis Bourbeau
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Cleveland FES Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- MetroHealth Rehabilitation Institute, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kim D Anderson
- MetroHealth Rehabilitation Institute, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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9
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Kunz Coyne AJ, Holger D, Kennedy E, Connell M, Binienda J, Giuliano C, Bailey EM. Penicillin allergy reassessment for treatment improvement: A dental office tool to support appropriate penicillin allergy labeling. J Am Dent Assoc 2024:S0002-8177(24)00055-2. [PMID: 38520419 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental appointments offer an opportunity to evaluate a documented penicillin (PCN) allergy and determine whether the patient might be a candidate for medical reassessment of their allergy. The authors gathered feedback on the Penicillin Allergy Reassessment for Treatment Improvement (PARTI) tool, designed to enhance dentist-patient communications regarding PCN allergies. METHODS From January 2022 through May 2023, the authors conducted a mixed-methods study, collecting focus group data from patients with PCN allergies and surveying health care workers (HCWs) regarding the PARTI tool. Feedback focused on reassessment procedures, patient-centered allergy information, and medical records updates. Thematic analysis was used for focus group data. RESULTS The study included 15 patients in focus groups and 50 HCW survey respondents representing diverse US regions. Patient demographic characteristics included varied races, the mean age was 52 years, and most of the patients were female (53.3%). Most patients had health care interactions within the preceding year, at which 86.6% of patients were asked about drug allergies. HCW respondents primarily consisted of pharmacists (30%) and dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants (28%). Feedback on the PARTI tool was constructive, with both patients and HCWs recognizing its potential benefits and providing insights for improvement. Many HCWs (68%) highlighted the importance of step 3 of the PARTI tool, that is, the section on PCN allergy testing. Feedback from participants was incorporated into the final PARTI tool. CONCLUSIONS Patient and HCW feedback on the PARTI tool was used to finalize a tool for the dental office to provide to patients who are candidates for PCN allergy reassessment. The feedback will also be used to inform an upcoming pilot study in US dental offices, focused on the process for PCN allergy reassessment and health record documentation. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Deploying the PARTI tool in dental offices is pivotal, as mislabeling patients with PCN allergies could have severe consequences, such as hindering the prescription of lifesaving antibiotics for conditions like endocarditis, in the future. This implementation not only enhances communication between dentists and patients, but it is also crucial for ensuring improved patient safety and maintaining accurate medical records among health care settings.
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Bekteshi V, Sifat M, Kendzor DE. Reaching the unheard: overcoming challenges in health research with hard-to-reach populations. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:61. [PMID: 38500133 PMCID: PMC10946112 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Addressing obstacles such as logistical complexities, social stigma, and the impact of historical traumas is essential for the successful inclusion of underrepresented groups in health research. METHODS This article reviews engagement and interview techniques used to ethically engage recently settled Afghan refugees in Oklahoma and rural Mexican-born women in Illinois in research. The paper concludes with a reflective discussion on the challenges and lessons learned. RESULTS Creative strategies to engage hard-to-reach populations in research included considering the participants' socioeconomic and cultural contexts in their interactions and developing community partnerships to establish trust and obtain reliable data. Other engagement strategies were communicating in the participants' preferred language, providing assistance with reading and responding to study questions for those with low literacy, employing research staff from the population of interest, and recruiting in specific locations where the populations of interest live. CONCLUSIONS Community engagement is essential at all stages of research for building trust in hard-to-reach populations, achieving inclusivity in health research, and ensuring that interventions are culturally sensitive and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Bekteshi
- Dodge Family College of Arts and Sciences, School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
| | - Munjireen Sifat
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Darla E Kendzor
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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11
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Hammond N, Chantry A, Cheeseman M, Peng A. Disrupted biographies and gendered identities: A qualitative study exploring sexuality and blood cancer. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2024; 70:102544. [PMID: 38513454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines how blood cancer impacts patients' sexuality and sense of gendered identity. METHODS An interpretive epistemological framework necessitated a qualitative study design. Participants (6 male and 6 female), recruited from a hospital Haematology department in a large Northern English City, took part in semi-structured in-depth interviews to gather rich data about their subjective experiences. RESULTS A key theme from the qualitative data was a sense of disruption in relation to several aspects of their gendered identities and sexual life. Participants explained disruption to their sexual function and sexual sense of self. They narrated concerns about future imagined relationships. The emotional burden of sexuality related concerns was strongly articulated. A gendered perspective enabled the similarities and differences between men and women to be explored. CONCLUSION This study, drawing on rich qualitative data, documents the sexuality concerns of blood cancer patients; for some such concerns arise many years post treatment. The findings highlight the need for gender appropriate care around sexuality which should continue to be accessible well after diagnosis and treatment phases have ceased.
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12
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Finnegan E, Daly E, Ryan L. Nutritional Considerations of Irish Performance Dietitians and Nutritionists in Concussion Injury Management. Nutrients 2024; 16:497. [PMID: 38398823 PMCID: PMC10891776 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sport-related concussion incidence has increased in many team-based sports, such as rugby, Gaelic (camogie, hurling, football), and hockey. Concussion disrupts athletes' brain function, causing an "energy crisis" that requires energy and nutrient support to restore function and heal. Performance dietitians and nutritionists play a role in supporting athletes' post-injury nutritional demands. This study aimed to investigate Irish performance dietitians' and nutritionists' knowledge and implementation of nutritional strategies to manage and support athletes' recovery following concussion. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seventeen (n = 17) Irish performance dietitians and nutritionists recruited from the Sport and Exercise Nutrition register and other sporting body networks across Ireland. Participants practised or had practised with amateur and/or professional athletes within the last ten years. All interviews and their transcripts were thematically analysed to extract relevant insights. These data provided valuable insights revealing performance dietitians and nutritionists: (1) their awareness of concussion events and (2) their use of nutritional supports for concussion management. Furthermore, the research highlighted their implementation of 'novel nutritional protocols' specifically designed to support and manage athletes' concussion recovery. There was a clear contrast between participants who had an awareness and knowledge of the importance of nutrition for brain recovery after sport-related concussion(s) and those who did not. Participants presenting with a practical understanding mentioned re-emphasising certain foods and supplements they were already recommending to athletes in the event of a concussion. Performance dietitians and nutritionists were keeping up to date with nutrition research on concussions, but limited evidence has prevented them from implementing protocols in practice. Meanwhile, participants mentioned trialling/recommending nutritional protocols, such as carbohydrate reloading, reducing omega-6 intake, and acutely supplementing creatine, omega-3 fish oils high in Docosahexaenoic acid, and probiotics to support brain healing. Performance dietitians' and nutritionists' use of nutrition protocols with athletes following concussion was linked to their knowledge and the limited scientific evidence available. Nutrition implementation, therefore, may be overlooked or implemented with uncertainty, which could negatively affect athletes' recovery following sports-related concussions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Ryan
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Atlantic Technological University (ATU), H91 T8NW Galway, Ireland; (E.F.); (E.D.)
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13
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Siegel A, Toledo-Tamula MA, Martin S, Gillespie A, Goodwin A, Widemann B, Wolters PL. Written language achievement in children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1 and Plexiform Neurofibromas. Child Neuropsychol 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38318699 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2307663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is associated with below average writing achievement. However, little is known about specific aspects of written language impacted by NF1, changes in writing over time, and associations between cognitive aspects of the NF1 phenotype and writing. At three timepoints over six years, children with NF1 and plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) completed Woodcock-Johnson tests of writing mechanics (Spelling, Punctuation & Capitalization, handwriting), written expression of ideas (Writing Samples), writing speed (Writing Fluency), and tests of general cognitive ability, executive function, memory, and attention. Children (N = 76, mean age = 12.8 ± 3.4 years) completed at least one baseline writing subtest. Overall writing scores were in the Average range (M = 93.4, SD = 17.4), but lower than population norms (p = 0.002). Scores were highest on Writing Samples (M = 95.2, SD = 17.3), and lowest for Punctuation & Capitalization (M = 87.9, SD = 18.8, p = 0.034). Writing scores were mostly stable over time. Nonverbal reasoning was related to some tests of writing mechanics and written expression of ideas. Short-term memory and inattention explained additional variance in Writing Samples and Spelling. Poor handwriting was associated with writing content beyond the impact of cognitive factors. Children with NF1 and PNs may benefit from early screening and writing support. Interventions should address the contribution of both cognitive and handwriting difficulties in written language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atara Siegel
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mary Anne Toledo-Tamula
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Staci Martin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andy Gillespie
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne Goodwin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brigitte Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela L Wolters
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Gogalniceanu P, Kunduzi B, Ruckley C, Kaafarani H, Sevdalis N, Mamode N. Surgical leadership in a culture of safety: An inter-professional study of metrics and tools for improving clinical practice. Am J Surg 2024; 228:32-42. [PMID: 37709628 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leadership in a safety culture environment is essential in avoiding patient harm. However, leadership in surgery is not routinely taught or assessed. This study aims to identify a framework, metrics and tools to improve surgical leadership and safety outcomes. METHODS Qualitative interviews were performed with leadership experts from safety-critical professions. Non-probability-based sampling was undertaken in major international airlines. Data underwent thematic analysis and clinical adaptation by multiple surgeon-analysts using the framework method. RESULTS 583 codes were synthesised into 10 themes. Leaders were identified as 'threat and error managers' who placed safety first. Their core attribute was humble confidence. This allowed them to set the tone for high standards of practice, whilst empowering individuals to speak up about safety issues. Safety-oriented leaders assumed complete responsibility and applied their authority discerningly to obtain optimal outcomes. Finally, effective leaders rallied support for their mission by instilling confidence, building collaborations and managing conflict. CONCLUSIONS Surgical leadership requires the ability to manage risk, opportunity and people. The study provides an assessment matrix and deliverable tools for improving surgical safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrut Gogalniceanu
- Guy's and St.Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; King's College London, UK.
| | - Basir Kunduzi
- Guy's and St.Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Haytham Kaafarani
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Curi HT, Ferretti EC, Franco RC, Allegretti ALC, Silva MSPD. [Satisfaction of wheelchair users in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2024; 29:e17552022. [PMID: 38324835 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024292.17552022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This article seeks to identify user satisfaction in relation to wheelchairs and the provision of public and private health services in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region. It involved a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Quebec Assistive Technology User Satisfaction Assessment. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics by means of Student's t test. Cohen's d effect sizes were also calculated. Participants (n = 42) were "more or less satisfied" with the wheelchairs and "quite satisfied" with the services provided. Rigid frame wheelchair users were significantly more satisfied with their wheelchairs compared to users of wheelchairs weighing over 198 lbs. (p = 0.010, d = 1.04). Users of private services showed significantly greater satisfaction with the provision of the service compared to public services users (p = 0.021, d = 0.75). Wheelchair users in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region are more satisfied with the rigid frame wheelchair and less satisfied with public services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidar Tafner Curi
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira César. 01246-903 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Eliana Chaves Ferretti
- Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Departamento de Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil
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Rostomian L, Chiloyan A, Hentschel E, Messerlian C. Effects of armed conflict on maternal and infant health: a mixed-methods study of Armenia and the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076171. [PMID: 38159954 PMCID: PMC10759127 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Armed conflict worldwide and across history has harmed the health of populations directly and indirectly, including generations beyond those immediately exposed to violence. The 2020 war between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited by an ethnically Armenian population, provides an example of how conflict harmed health during COVID-19. We hypothesised that crises exposure would correspond to decreased healthcare utilisation rates and worse health outcomes for the maternal and infant population in Armenia, compounded during the pandemic. METHODS Following a mixed-methods approach, we used ecological data from 1980 to 2020 to evaluate health trends in conflict, measured as battle-related deaths (BRDs), COVID-19 cases, and maternal and infant health indicators during periods of conflict and peace in Armenia. We also interviewed 10 key informants about unmet needs, maternal health-seeking behaviours and priorities during the war, collecting recommendations to mitigate the effects of future crisis on maternal and infant health. We followed a deductive coding approach to analyse transcripts and harvest themes. RESULTS BRDs totalled more in the 2020 war compared with the previous Nagorno-Karabakh conflicts. Periods of active conflict between 1988-2020 were associated with increased rates of sick newborn mortality, neonatal mortality and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. Weekly average COVID-19 cases increased sevenfold during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. Key informants expressed concerns about the effects of stress and grief on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes and recommended investing in healthcare system reform. Participants also stressed the synergistic effects of the war and COVID-19, noting healthcare capacity concerns and the importance of a strong primary care system. CONCLUSIONS Maternal and infant health measures showed adverse trends during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, potentially amplified by the concurrent COVID-19 pandemic. To mitigate effects of future crises on population health in Armenia, informants recommended investments in healthcare system reform focused on primary care and health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Rostomian
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Araz Chiloyan
- Ministry of Health of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Elizabeth Hentschel
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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17
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Leal TMDO, Souza CBD, Gabriel IM, Alexandrin LG, Okido ACC, Silva L, Carlos DM. Meanings of nurses' role in Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Centers. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20230124. [PMID: 38055494 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the meaning attributed to nurses' role in mental health care in Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Centers. METHODS qualitative research, anchored in the paradigm of complexity. Data collection was carried out through online semi-structured interviews with ten nurses from São Paulo, between March and September 2022, being analyzed thematically. RESULTS the diversity and specificity of a child and adolescent mental health clinic, with the need for expanded, territorial and intersectoral care, were unveiled in addition to a fragmented training in the area. There was a need for a deconstruction of being a nurse to make it possible to produce more inclusive and salutogenic practices. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS the need for training nurses with adequate knowledge and skills to care for the mental health of children, adolescents and their families is reinforced as well as permanent education of working teams.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucía Silva
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang X, Gu Y, Yin J, Zhang Y, Jin C, Wang W, Li AM, Wang Y, Su L, Xu H, Ge X, Ye C, Tang L, Shen B, Fang J, Wang D, Feng R. Development, Reliability, and Structural Validity of the Scale for Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in Ethics Implementation Among AI Researchers: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e42202. [PMID: 37883175 PMCID: PMC10636617 DOI: 10.2196/42202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly contributed to decision support for disease screening, diagnosis, and management. With the growing number of medical AI developments and applications, incorporating ethics is considered essential to avoiding harm and ensuring broad benefits in the lifecycle of medical AI. One of the premises for effectively implementing ethics in Medical AI research necessitates researchers' comprehensive knowledge, enthusiastic attitude, and practical experience. However, there is currently a lack of an available instrument to measure these aspects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive scale for measuring the knowledge, attitude, and practice of ethics implementation among medical AI researchers, and to evaluate its measurement properties. METHODS The construct of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice in Ethics Implementation (KAP-EI) scale was based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) model, and the evaluation of its measurement properties was in compliance with the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) reporting guidelines for studies on measurement instruments. The study was conducted in 2 phases. The first phase involved scale development through a systematic literature review, qualitative interviews, and item analysis based on a cross-sectional survey. The second phase involved evaluation of structural validity and reliability through another cross-sectional study. RESULTS The KAP-EI scale had 3 dimensions including knowledge (10 items), attitude (6 items), and practice (7 items). The Cronbach α for the whole scale reached .934. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the goodness-of-fit indices of the scale were satisfactory (χ2/df ratio:=2.338, comparative fit index=0.949, Tucker Lewis index=0.941, root-mean-square error of approximation=0.064, and standardized root-mean-square residual=0.052). CONCLUSIONS The results show that the scale has good reliability and structural validity; hence, it could be considered an effective instrument. This is the first instrument developed for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Philosophy Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuejie Zhang
- School of Computer Science Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- School of Computer Science Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibing Wang
- School of Public Health Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Albert Martin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingwen Wang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Su
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Ge
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjie Ye
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangfeng Tang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Shanghai Hospital Development Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwu Fang
- School of Public Health Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daoyang Wang
- School of Public Health Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Feng
- School of Computer Science Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Xu L, Chang R, Wang H, Xu C, Yu X, Chen H, Wang R, Liu S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Cai Y. Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Suicide Screening in Transgender Women. Transgend Health 2023; 8:450-456. [PMID: 37810941 PMCID: PMC10551761 DOI: 10.1089/trgh.2021.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High prevalence of depression in transgender women highlights the importance of validating the measure to assess depression. Moreover, depression is significantly associated with suicide across research studies. The aims of the current study were to validate a Chinese-language version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and to assess operating characteristics of the PHQ-9 for suicide screening in transgender women. Methods With the approval of an Institutional Review Board (IRB), a total of 198 transgender women living in Shenyang, China, were recruited, and asked to complete the PHQ-9, including measures of their suicidal ideation, planning and attempt. Results A one-factor model of the PHQ-9 was supported in the current sample, showing good reliability and validity. The best cutoff point for the PHQ-9 in suicidal ideation was 17, with a sensitivity/specificity of 77.78%; the best cutoff point for PHQ-9 in suicidal planning was 17, with a sensitivity of 81.82% and a specificity of 73.26%; and the best cutoff point for PHQ-9 in suicidal attempt was 20, with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 90.21%. Conclusion Findings supported the validity of the PHQ-9. With potential clinical or research application, the PHQ-9 can be an efficient instrument for suicide screening in transgender women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xu
- Department of Student Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huwen Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongxi Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hartman J, Dholakia K. An Exploratory Study of Physical Therapists From High-Income Countries Practising Outside of Their Scope in Low and Middle-Income Countries. JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2023; 20:543-562. [PMID: 37861947 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantify how often physical therapists from high-income countries (HIC) travelling to low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) practise outside their scope of practice, in what circumstances, and their likelihood of doing the same in the future. METHODS An exploratory descriptive study using a survey. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-six licensed physical therapists from around the world participated. Physical therapists typically spent less than a month (73.8 per cent) in LMIC; 67.5 per cent believed that physical therapists practise outside of their scope, and 31.7 per cent reported doing so. Reasons were believing that something is better than nothing (47.5 per cent ), a mismatch between the physical therapist's and host's expectations (40.0 per cent ), and preserving their relationship with the host (25.0 per cent ). It was deemed appropriate by 64.5 per cent to practise outside of their scope in some situations and 53.8% considered repeating the activity in the future. Half of the respondent's first experience in LMIC occurred as a student or in their first decade of practice. CONCLUSIONS Working in LMIC requires a keen understanding of the risks and challenges associated with such experiences. To ensure best practice, a skill set that consists of critical self-reflection, systems thinking, and structural competency combined with clinical competency and accountability is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hartman
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, 5110 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - K Dholakia
- Institute for Physical Therapy Education, Widener University, One University Place, Chester, PA, 19013, USA
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21
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Cathcart HF, Mohammadi S, Erlander B, Robillard JM, Miller WC. Evaluating the role of social media in providing support for family caregivers of individuals with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2023; 61:460-465. [PMID: 37443387 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-023-00914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Quantitative study. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to explore Family Caregivers of Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury (FC-SCI) social media use patterns, most frequently used platforms, importance of social media for receiving and providing support, and type of social support (i.e., social companionship, emotional support, informational support) that FC-SCI receive or provide online. SETTING FC-SCI participants from Canada and USA. METHODS FC-SCI responded to measures regarding the social media platforms they use to access support, the importance of each platform, and the types of online social support they access through social media. RESULTS Sample consisted of 115 FC-SCI. Most caregivers were a partner or spouse of the individual with SCI (n = 110) and female (n = 111). Majority of FC-SCI spent 1-3 h daily on social media (n = 74), and Facebook was used predominantly (n = 108), followed by Instagram (n = 92), and YouTube (n = 66). For receiving or providing support, Facebook was ranked most important (60%), followed by Instagram (26%) and YouTube (17%). The mean differences and standard deviation were found for the types of social support: emotional support (25.93 ± 7.60), social companionship (23.85 ± 7.46), and informational support (27.24 ± 7.50). CONCLUSIONS Using social media for informational support is desired by FC-SCI as it is easily accessible, and time-efficient. The prevalent use of social media for support by FC-SCI demonstrates that social media is a valued platform for support. The support benefits for the mental and physical health of caregivers should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Somayyeh Mohammadi
- GF Strong Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, London, UK
| | | | - Julie M Robillard
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William C Miller
- GF Strong Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Garcia-Vazquez E, Garcia-Ael C, Ardura A, Rodriguez N, Dopico E. Towards a plastic-less planet. Gender and individual responsibility predict the effect of imagery nudges about marine (micro)plastic pollution on R-behavior intentions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115157. [PMID: 37321005 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Emerging microplastics (MP) pollution is one of the biggest threats for the oceans today. Consumers could reduce MP pollution adopting R-behaviors such as reducing consumption of plastic, refusing products with MP, replacing them for green products, and recycling. Here we tested the efficiency of online nudges (images and short messages) for promoting MP-conscious behavior in Spain (n = 671). The perceived level of environmental responsibility and the willingness to adopt R-behaviors were measured. Messages about seafood with MP and plastic-polluted marine environment were more efficient than images of animals killed by plastics. Feeling responsible for MP pollution predicted R-behavior intention. Women would adopt more R-behaviors than men, while men were more sensitive than females to the proposed nudges. Raising the sense of environmental responsibility would be priority in education campaigns. For different cultural sensitivities to animal suffering, evoking environmental health instead of threats to wildlife would be generally recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Garcia-Vazquez
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain; Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Faculty of Psychology, C/Juan del Rosal 14, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Garcia-Ael
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Faculty of Psychology, C/Juan del Rosal 14, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Ardura
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Noemi Rodriguez
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Dopico
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
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Yu M, Keel S, Mariotti S, Mills JA, Müller A. Development of the WHO eye care competency framework. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2023; 21:46. [PMID: 37337207 PMCID: PMC10278260 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-023-00834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eye care workforce, particularly in lower resource settings, face challenges of limited integration into the health system, limited workforce capacity, mismatch of workforce to population need and poor quality of care. In recognition of these challenges, coupled with a gap in existing tools, provides a strong rationale for the development of the Eye care competency framework (ECCF). METHODS A mixed methods approach was utilised to develop and validate the ECCF. Content was developed by extracting relevant components of existing frameworks used both within and outside of eye care. A diverse technical working group provided feedback and guidance on the structure, design, and content to create a preliminary draft. Competencies and activities were validated using a modified-Delphi study, and the framework was then piloted at four sites to understand how the tool can be implemented in different settings. RESULTS The final version of the ECCF included eight outcomes, nine guiding principles, and content of each of the key elements, including the six domains, 22 competencies, 21 activities, 193 behaviours and 234 tasks, and the knowledge and skills that underpin them. 95/112 participants from the six WHO regions completed the modified-Delphi study, yielding an average of 96% agreement across the competencies and activities in the ECCF. The pilot showcased the versatility and flexibility of the ECCF, where each of the four sites had a different experience in implementing the ECCF. All sites found that the ECCF enabled them to identify gaps within their current workforce documentation. CONCLUSIONS The ECCF was developed using a collaborative approach, reflecting the opinions of participants and stakeholders from all around the world. The comprehensive competencies and activities developed in the ECCF encompass the diverse roles of eye care workers, and thus encourage multi-disciplinary care and better integration into the health system. It is recommended that eye care workforce planners and developers use the ECCF, and adapt it to their context, to support workforce development and focus on the quality and scope of eye care service provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitasha Yu
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Stuart Keel
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Mariotti
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jody-Anne Mills
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Müller
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Italy was the first European country to be involved with the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, many healthcare professionals were deployed and suddenly faced end-of-life care management and its challenges. AIMS To understand the experiences of palliative care professionals deployed in supporting emergency and critical care staff during the COVID-19 first and second pandemic waves. RESEARCH DESIGN A qualitative descriptive design was adopted, and in-depth interviews were used to investigate and analyse participants' perceptions and points of view. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT Twenty-four healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, psychologists, physiotherapists, and spiritual support) from the most affected areas of Italy were recruited via the Italian society of palliative care and researchers' network. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS The University Institutional Board granted ethical approval. Participants gave written informed consent and agreed to be video-recorded. FINDINGS The overarching theme highlighted participants' experience supporting health professionals to negotiate ethical complexity in end-of-life care. Crucial topics that emerged within themes were: training emergency department professionals on ethical dimensions of palliative and end-of-life care, preserving dying patients' dignity and developing ethical competence in managing end-of-life care. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed palliative care teams' challenges in supporting health professionals' ethical awareness in emergencies. However, while they highlighted their concerns in dealing with the emergency staff's lack of ethical perspectives, they also reported the positive impact of an ethically-informed palliative care approach. Lastly, this study illuminates how palliative care professionals' clinical and ethical competence might have assisted a cultural change in caring for dying patients during COVID-19 and future emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico De Luca
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Academy of
Nursing, Exeter, Exeter University, Exeter, UK
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25
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Favre S, Aubry JM, Richard-Lepouriel H. Perceived public stigma and perceived public exposure by persons living with bipolar disorder: A qualitative study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:378-387. [PMID: 35506642 PMCID: PMC9983048 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221093495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma impact the lives of persons living with bipolar disorder. AIM The aim of this study was to explore how perceived public stigma is described by people living with bipolar disorder and examine the links between perceived public stigma and perceived public exposure. METHOD Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted in a purposive sample of euthymic people living with bipolar disorder recruited in a mood disorder ambulatory unit. RESULTS Thematic analysis of the transcript yielded five independent themes that were related to perceived public stigma. Perceived public stigma of bipolar disorder was modeled as comprising the three elements of public stigmas (stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination), with the addition of public exposure as a core component. CONCLUSION The representation of bipolar disorder in society via newspapers, films/TV series, conferences, and celebrity self-disclosures is considered to have multiple impacts. People living with bipolar disorder have also reported a perceived public stigma of bipolar disorder that has both specific features and characteristics of general mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Favre
- Mood Disorder Unit, Psychiatric Specialties Service, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland
| | | | - Hélène Richard-Lepouriel
- Mood Disorder Unit, Psychiatric Specialties Service, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Rosanowski SM, Magouras I, Ho WC, Yiu WCJ, Pfeiffer DU, Zeeh F. The challenges of pig farming in Hong Kong: a study of farmers' perceptions and attitudes towards a pig health and production management service. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:30. [PMID: 36726131 PMCID: PMC9890852 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pig farming in Hong Kong differs markedly from other places in the world, with a highly urbanised population, the majority of pigs being imported for slaughter, and limited on-farm veterinary support. Little is known about the barriers and attitudes of pig farmers in Hong Kong and their expectations of a new pig health and production management service provided by veterinarians. We collected qualitative and quantitative data to 1) describe pig farms, 2) identify barriers to pig farming in Hong Kong and 3) describe the perceptions of the new service. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify barriers and attitudes. RESULTS Eight and nine out of 38 pig farmers agreed to participate in the qualitative and quantitative components, respectively. All farms were farrow-to-finish farms with a median of 2800 (range 950 to 7000) pigs per farm. Three themes were identified during the interview analysis and could be ranked based on their importance to the farmers: the regulatory environment (Theme 1), veterinary support structures (Theme 2), and the sustainability of the pig industry (Theme 3). Farmers expressed dissatisfaction with the regulation of the industry and veterinary services on offer within Hong Kong. However, farmers did note that the provision of a new pig health and production management service was as a positive development. The public perception of pig farming, market forces, and competition from mainland pig farmers have resulted in sustainability challenges for the industry. CONCLUSIONS Farmers identified very specific local systems and challenges unique to pig farming in Hong Kong. The lack of veterinary support was one of these challenges and although a certain level of scepticism towards the new pig health and production service was expressed, farmers indicated their interest and listed areas where they would benefit from improved veterinary support. Prior experiences of veterinary services clouded farmers perceptions of the usefulness of a new service. To be successful in this environment, clear communication about the goals, role and limitations of the new on farm service is crucial, as is the alignment with the needs of farmers. Despite the small sample size, the qualitative methodology used allows us to assume that these themes give a general idea of what Hong Kong farmers' concerns and attitudes are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Rosanowski
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.417738.e0000 0001 2110 5328Digital Agriculture, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ioannis Magouras
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing-Chung Ho
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Chi Jacqueline Yiu
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dirk U. Pfeiffer
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Friederike Zeeh
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Mpaata CN, Matovu B, Takuwa M, Kiwanuka N, Lewis S, Norrie J, Ononge S, Tuck S, Wolters M, Demulliez M, Ssekitoleko RT. Systems and processes for regulation of investigational medical devices in Uganda. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 4:1054120. [PMID: 36756148 PMCID: PMC9899893 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.1054120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In many parts of the world, medical devices and the processes of their development are tightly regulated. However, the current regulatory landscape in Uganda like other developing countries is weak and poorly defined, which creates significant barriers to innovation, clinical evaluation, and translation of medical devices. Aim To evaluate current knowledge, systems and infrastructure for medical devices regulation and innovation in Uganda. Methods A mixed methods study design using the methods triangulation strategy was employed in this study. Data of equal weight were collected sequentially. First, a digital structured questionnaire was sent out to innovators to establish individual knowledge and experience with medical device innovation and regulation. Then, a single focus group discussion involving both medical device innovators and regulators to collect data about the current regulatory practices for medical devices in Uganda. Univariate and bivariate analysis was done for the quantitative data to summarize results in graphs and tables. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Ethical review and approval were obtained from the Makerere University School of Biomedical Sciences, Research and Ethics Committee, and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology. Results A total of 47 innovators responded to the questionnaire. 14 respondents were excluded since they were not medical device innovators. Majority (76%) of individuals had been innovators for more than a year, held a bachelor's degree with a background in Engineering and applied sciences, and worked in an academic research institute. 22 of the 33 medical device innovators had stopped working on their innovations and had stalled at the proof-of-concept stage. Insufficient funding, inadequate technical expertise and confusing regulatory landscape were major challenges to innovation. The two themes that emerged from the discussion were "developing standards for medical devices regulation" and "implementation of regulations in practical processes". Legal limitations, lengthy processes, and low demand were identified as challenges to developing medical device regulations. Conclusions Efforts have been taken by government to create a pathway for medical device innovations to be translated to the market. More work needs to be done to coordinate efforts among stakeholders to build effective medical device regulations in Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Norman Mpaata
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Brian Matovu
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mercy Takuwa
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Noah Kiwanuka
- Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Steff Lewis
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - John Norrie
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Ononge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sharon Tuck
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Wolters
- Informatics Forum, School of Informatics, College of Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Demulliez
- School of Engineering & Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T. Ssekitoleko
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Correspondence: Robert T. Ssekitoleko
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Parry M, Beleno R, Nissim R, Baiden D, Baxter P, Betini R, Bjørnnes AK, Burnside H, Gaetano D, Hemani S, McCarthy J, Nickerson N, Norris C, Nylén-Eriksen M, Owadally T, Pilote L, Warkentin K, Coupal A, Hasan S, Ho M, Kulbak O, Mohammed S, Mullaly L, Theriault J, Wayne N, Wu W, Yeboah EK, O'Hara A, Peter E. Mental health and well-being of unpaid caregivers: a cross-sectional survey protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070374. [PMID: 36639219 PMCID: PMC9843178 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unpaid caregiving, care provided by family/friends, is a public health issue of increasing importance. COVID-19 worsened the mental health conditions of unpaid caregivers, increasing substance/drug use and early development of chronic disease. The impact of the intersections of race and ethnicity, sex, age and gender along with unpaid care work and caregivers' health and well-being is unknown. The aim of this study is to describe the inequities of caregiver well-being across the intersections of race and ethnicity, sex, age and gender using a cross-sectional survey design. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We are collaborating with unpaid caregivers and community organisations to recruit a non-probability sample of unpaid caregivers over 18 years of age (n=525). Recruitment will focus on a target sample of 305 South Asian, Chinese and Black people living in Canada, who represent 60% of the Canadian racial and ethnic populations. The following surveys will be combined into one survey: Participant Demographic Form, Caregiver Well-Being Index, interRAI Self-report of Carer Needs and the GENESIS (GENdEr and Sex DetermInantS of Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Beyond-Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome) PRAXY Questionnaire. Sample characteristics will be summarised using descriptive statistics. The scores from the Caregiver Well-Being Index will be dichotomised into fair/poor and good/excellent. A two-stage analytical strategy will be undertaken using logistic regression to model fair/poor well-being and good/excellent well-being according to the following axes of difference set a priori: sex, race and ethnicity, gender identity, age, gender relations, gender roles and institutionalised gender. The first stage of analysis will model the main effects of each factor and in the second stage of analysis, interaction terms will be added to each model. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The University of Toronto's Health Sciences Research Ethics Board granted approval on 9 August 2022 (protocol number: 42609). Knowledge will be disseminated in pamphlets/infographics/email listservs/newsletters and journal articles, conference presentation and public forums, social media and through the study website. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This is registered in the Open Sciences Framework with a Registration DOI as follows: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PB9TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Parry
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron Beleno
- Patient Partner (Caregiver), AGE WELL, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rinat Nissim
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah Baiden
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela Baxter
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ann Kristin Bjørnnes
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heather Burnside
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Gaetano
- Patient Partner (Caregiver), Dementia Canada, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Salima Hemani
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane McCarthy
- Director, Programs and Services, The Ontario Caregiver Organization, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Nickerson
- Patient Partner (Caregiver), Canadian Women's Heart Health Alliance, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Colleen Norris
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mats Nylén-Eriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tasneem Owadally
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louise Pilote
- General Internal Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kyle Warkentin
- Patient Partner (Caregiver), Gender Outcomes International Group, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy Coupal
- Chief Executive Officer, The Ontario Caregiver Organization, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samya Hasan
- Executive Director, Council of Agencies Serving South Asians, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mabel Ho
- Director, Education and Research, Yee Hong Centre for Geriatric Care, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Kulbak
- Policy Analyst, Canadian Cancer Society, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shan Mohammed
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Mullaly
- Manager, Knowledge Mobilization, Mental Health Commission of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenny Theriault
- Executive Director, Caregivers Nova Scotia, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Nancy Wayne
- Executive Director, Canadian Black Policy Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wendy Wu
- Patient Partner (Caregiver), North York Toronto Health Partners, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eunice K Yeboah
- Executive Director, Canadian Black Policy Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arland O'Hara
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Peter
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Delgado-Ron JA, Jeyabalan T, Watt S, Black S, Gumprich M, Salway T. Sampling Sexual and Gender Minority Youth With UnACoRN (Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships, and Networks): Lessons From a Web-Based Survey. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44175. [PMID: 36633900 PMCID: PMC9893884 DOI: 10.2196/44175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodic surveys of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations are essential for monitoring and investigating health inequities. Recent legislative efforts to ban so-called conversion therapy make it necessary to adapt youth surveys to reach a wider range of SGM populations, including those <18 years of age and those who may not adopt an explicit two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (2S/LGBTQ) identity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to share our experiences in recruiting SGM youth through multiple in-person and online channels and to share lessons learned for future researchers. METHODS The Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships, and Networks (UnACoRN) web-based survey collected anonymous data in English and French from 9679 mostly SGM respondents in the United States and Canada. Respondents were recruited from March 2022 to August 2022 using word-of-mouth referrals, leaflet distribution, bus advertisements, and paid and unpaid campaigns on social media and a pornography website. We analyzed the metadata provided by these and other online resources we used for recruitment (eg, Bitly and Qualtrics) and describe the campaign's effectiveness by recruitment venue based on calculating the cost per completed survey and other secondary metrics. RESULTS Most participants were recruited through Meta (13,741/16,533, 83.1%), mainly through Instagram; 88.96% (visitors: 14,888/18,179) of our sample reached the survey through paid advertisements. Overall, the cost per survey was lower for Meta than Pornhub or the bus advertisements. Similarly, the proportion of visitors who started the survey was higher for Meta (8492/18,179, 46.7%) than Pornhub (58/18,179, 1.02%). Our subsample of 7037 residents of Canada had a similar geographic distribution to the general population, with an average absolute difference in proportion by province or territory of 1.4% compared to the Canadian census. Our US subsample included 2521 participants from all US states and the District of Columbia. A total of CAD $8571.58 (the currency exchange rate was US $1=CAD $1.25) was spent across 4 paid recruitment channels (Facebook, Instagram, PornHub, and bus advertisements). The most cost-effective tool of recruitment was Instagram, with an average cost per completed survey of CAD $1.48. CONCLUSIONS UnACoRN recruited nearly 10,000 SGM youth in the United States and Canada, and the cost per survey was CAD $1.48. Researchers using online recruitment strategies should be aware of the differences in campaign management each website or social media platform offers and be prepared to engage with their framing (content selection and delivery) to correct any imbalances derived from it. Those who focus on SGM populations should consider how 2S/LGBTQ-oriented campaigns might deter participation from cisgender or heterosexual people or SGM people not identifying as 2S/LGBTQ, if relevant to their research design. Finally, those with limited resources may select fewer venues with lower cost per completed survey or that appeal more to their specific audience, if needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Andrés Delgado-Ron
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Thiyaana Jeyabalan
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Watt
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Black
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Martha Gumprich
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Travis Salway
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Garcia-Vazquez E, Garcia-Ael C, Mesa MLC, Rodriguez N, Dopico E. Greater willingness to reduce microplastics consumption in Mexico than in Spain supports the importance of legislation on the use of plastics. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1027336. [PMID: 36710796 PMCID: PMC9875725 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1027336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microplastics (MP) threaten all organisms worldwide. MP are produced directly as microbeads in cosmetics and hygiene products, or indirectly from breakage of larger plastics. The control of MP requires consumers' engagement to refuse products containing microbeads. Methods We conducted a survey on 572 university students from Mexico and Spain, two countries where microbeads are not banned yet. More strict laws for plastic control areenforced in Mexico than in Spain. Results Controlling for age and education, despite knowing less about MP, Mexicans checked for microbeads on product labels more frequently than Spaniards, and desired to reduce MP consumption more. A stronger correlation between individual awareness and willingness of MP control was found for Mexican than for Spanish students. Discussion Perhaps more strict legislation against plastics creates an environment favorable to MP control. Unclear statement of microbeads on labels was the main reason for not checking microbead contents; environmental education and a stricter control of plastics and MP were identified as necessary policy changes in the two countries. Corporation engagement on clearer product labeling is also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Garcia-Vazquez
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain,Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia UNED, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Eva Garcia-Vazquez ✉
| | - Cristina Garcia-Ael
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Noemi Rodriguez
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Dopico
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Buzigi E, Onakuse S. Food price volatility and socio-economic inequalities in poor food consumption status during coronavirus disease-2019 lockdown among slum and non-slum households in urban Nansana municipality, Uganda. Nutr J 2023; 22:4. [PMID: 36631774 PMCID: PMC9832412 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed staple food price volatility, household food consumption scores (FCS), poor household food consumption status and its association with socio-economic inequalities during enforcing and partial lifting of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) lockdown restrictions in slum and non-slum households (HHs) of Nansana municipality, Uganda. METHODS Repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted during enforcing and partial lifting of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. A total of 205 slum and 200 non-slum HHs were selected for the study. Telephone based interviews with HH heads were used to collect data on socio-economic factors. Data for FCS was collected using the World Food Programme FCS method. Prices for staple foods were collected by face-to-face interviews with food vendors from the local market. Mean staple food price differences before COVID-19 lockdown, during enforcing, and partial lifting of lockdown was tested by Analysis of variance with repeated measures. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between socio-economic variables and poor food consumption status. A statistical test was considered significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS Mean staple food prices were significantly higher during enforcing COVID-19 total lockdown restrictions compared to either 1 week before lockdown or partial lifting of lockdown (p < 0.05). Mean FCS for staple cereals and legumes were significantly higher in slum HHs during COVID-19 lockdown compared to when the lockdown was partially lifted (p < 0.05). In slum HHs, the prevalence of poor food consumption status was significantly higher during partial lifting (55.1%) compared to total lockdown of COVID-19 (15.1%), p < 0.05. Among slum HHs during lockdown restrictions, food aid distribution was negatively associated with poor food consumption status (AOR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-0.6), whilst being a daily wage earner was positively associated with poor food consumption status (AOR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.1-0.6). During partial lifting of COVID-19 lockdown in slum HHs, poor food consumption status was positively associated with female headed HHs (AOR: 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1-1.6), daily wage earners (AOR: 3.2, 95% CI: 2.6-3.8), unemployment (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.5-2.1) and tenants (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.8-3.5). Female headed HHs, daily wage earners and tenants were positively associated with poor food consumption status either during enforcing or partial lifting of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in non-slum HHs. CONCLUSION Staple food prices increased during enforcing either the COVID-19 lockdown or partial lifting of the lockdown compared to before the lockdown. During the lockdown, food consumption improved in slum HHs that received food aid compared to those slum HHs that did not receive it. Household heads who were females, daily wage earners, unemployed, and tenants were at risk of poor food consumption status either in slum or non-slum, and therefore needed some form of food assistance either during enforcing or partial lifting of the lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Buzigi
- Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Victoria University, Kampala, Uganda. .,Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda. .,Department of Food Business & Development, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland.
| | - Stephen Onakuse
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Food Business & Development, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland
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Simões Corrêa Galendi J, Siefen AC, Moretti DM, Yeo SY, Grüll H, Bratke G, Morganti AG, Bazzocchi A, Gasperini C, De Felice F, Blanco Sequeiros R, Huhtala M, Nijholt IM, Boomsma MF, Bos C, Verkooijen HM, Müller D, Stock S. Factors Influencing the Adoption of Magnetic Resonance-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Painful Bone Metastases in Europe, A Group Concept Mapping Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1084. [PMID: 36673840 PMCID: PMC9858703 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) is an innovative treatment for patients with painful bone metastases. The adoption of MR-HIFU will be influenced by several factors beyond its effectiveness. To identify contextual factors affecting the adoption of MR-HIFU, we conducted a group concept mapping (GCM) study in four European countries. The GCM was conducted in two phases. First, the participants brainstormed statements guided by the focus prompt "One factor that may influence the uptake of MR-HIFU in clinical practice is...". Second, the participants sorted statements into categories and rated the statements according to their importance and changeability. To generate a concept map, multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were conducted, and average ratings for each (cluster of) factors were calculated. Forty-five participants contributed to phase I and/or II (56% overall participation rate). The resulting concept map comprises 49 factors, organized in 12 clusters: "competitive treatments", "physicians' attitudes", "alignment of resources", "logistics and workflow", "technical disadvantages", "radiotherapy as first-line therapy", "aggregating knowledge and improving awareness", "clinical effectiveness", "patients' preferences", "reimbursement", "cost-effectiveness" and "hospital costs". The factors identified echo those from the literature, but their relevance and interrelationship are case-specific. Besides evidence on clinical effectiveness, contextual factors from 10 other clusters should be addressed to support adoption of MR-HIFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Simões Corrêa Galendi
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ann-Cathrine Siefen
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Debora M. Moretti
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics, Chair for Technology, Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sin Yuin Yeo
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Grüll
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Grischa Bratke
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna University, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bazzocchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Gasperini
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mira Huhtala
- Department of Oncology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Ingrid M. Nijholt
- Department of Radiology, Isala Hospital, 8025 AB Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn F. Boomsma
- Department of Radiology, Isala Hospital, 8025 AB Zwolle, The Netherlands
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Bos
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helena M. Verkooijen
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Müller
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stock
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
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Wong JA, Wyatt LC, Yusuf Y, Rabat L, Tavake-Pasi OF, Kawpunna H, Ching V, Trinh-Shevrin C, Kwon SC. Meaningful Community-Engaged Partnerships: Lessons Learned from Implementing a Community Health Needs Survey among Asian American and Pacific Islander Subgroups. Prog Community Health Partnersh 2023; 17:233-246. [PMID: 37462552 PMCID: PMC10361577 DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2023.a900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-based needs assessments are instrumental to address gaps in data collection and reporting, as well as to guide research, policy, and practice decisions to address health disparities in under-resourced communities. OBJECTIVES The New York University Center for the Study of Asian American Health collaboratively developed and administered a large-scale health needs assessment in diverse, low-income Asian American and Pacific Islander communities in New York City and three U.S. regional areas using an in-person or web-based, community-engaged approach. METHODS Community-engaged processes were modified over the course of three survey rounds, and findings were shared back to communities of interest using community preferred channels and modalities. LESSONS LEARNED Sustaining multiyear, on-the-ground engagement to drive community research efforts requires active bidirectional communication and delivery of tangible support to maintain trust between partners. CONCLUSIONS Findings to facilitate community health programming and initiatives were built from lessons learned and informed by new and existing community-based partners.
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O'Brien P, Prehn R, Green C, Lin I, Flanagan W, Conley B, Bessarab D, Coffin J, Choong PFM, Dowsey MM, Bunzli S. Understanding the Impact and Tackling the Burden of Osteoarthritis for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023; 75:125-135. [PMID: 36214055 PMCID: PMC10952431 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to understand and describe the lived experience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with osteoarthritis. METHODS Qualitative study guided by cultural security, which ensures that research is conducted in a way that will not compromise the cultural values, beliefs, and expectations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Participants were purposively sampled through the networks of project staff. Research yarns (a cultural form of conversation used as a data gathering tool) were conducted with 25 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults with self-reported osteoarthritis in Western Australia and Victoria, Australia. Data were analyzed using a framework approach and presented through composite storytelling (hypothetical stories representing an amalgam of participants' experiences). RESULTS Two composite stories were constructed to reflect themes relating to beliefs and knowledge, impact, coping, and health care experiences. Common beliefs held by participants were that osteoarthritis is caused by previous physically active lifestyles. Many participants feared for their future, increasing disability and needing a wheelchair. Pain associated with osteoarthritis impacted daily activities, sleep, work, family, and social life and cultural activities. Multidimensional impacts were often experienced within complex health or life circumstances and associated with increased anxiety and depression. Most participants reported negative health care experiences, characterized by poor patient-provider communication. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that osteoarthritis is a multidimensional issue for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people that permeates all aspects of life and highlights the need for integrated, multidisciplinary care that is culturally informed and individualized to patient need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny O'Brien
- The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ryan Prehn
- The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Charmaine Green
- The University of Western Australia, Western Australian Centre for Rural HealthGeraldtonWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ivan Lin
- The University of Western Australia, Western Australian Centre for Rural HealthGeraldtonWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Wanda Flanagan
- The University of Western Australia, Western Australian Centre for Rural HealthGeraldtonWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Brooke Conley
- The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Dawn Bessarab
- The University of Western Australia, Centre for Aboriginal Medical and Dental HealthPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Juli Coffin
- Ngangk Yira Institute for Change, Murdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Peter F. M. Choong
- The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michelle M. Dowsey
- The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Samantha Bunzli
- The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Lu J, Xu P, Ge J, Zeng H, Liu W, Tang P. Analysis of Factors Affecting Psychological Resilience of Emergency Room Nurses Under Public Health Emergencies. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2023; 60:469580231155296. [PMID: 36786370 PMCID: PMC9932789 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231155296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Resilience is essential for frontline health workers to cope with the unfavorable situations, especially under public health emergencies. Emergency room (ER) nurses are a special cohort of health professionals that may present moderate level of resilience. This study aimed to identify factors that are correlated with resilience in this special cohort to provide directions for intervention and management. ER nurses that have encountered a public health emergency within 3 months were recruited using purposive sampling and snowball technique for the study. Questionnaires, including Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) were established, followed by an in-depth interview to identify different clusters of themes. Thirteen ER nurses were recruited, and the average CD-RISC score was 66 ± 21. Resilience was negatively correlated with SDS index, and positively correlated with personal accomplishment. Five clusters of themes were identified from in-depth interviews, including physical tolerability, psychological tolerability, tenacity of internal drive, institutional implementation, and external adjustment. This study identified factors associated with resilience in ER nurses under public health emergencies, providing useful information for future directions for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Lu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai
University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai,
China
| | - Pei Xu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai
University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai,
China
| | - Jinjin Ge
- Tongji University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- Emergency Room, Shanghai University of
Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqun Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai
University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai,
China
| | - Peifeng Tang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai
University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai,
China
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Ely-Ledesma E, Champagne-Langabeer T. Advancing Access to Healthcare through Telehealth: A Brownsville Community Assessment. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122509. [PMID: 36554033 PMCID: PMC9778105 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This paper focuses on the development of a community assessment for telehealth using an interprofessional lens, which sits at the intersection of public health and urban planning using multistakeholder input. The paper analyzes the process of designing and implementing a telemedicine plan for the City of Brownsville and its surrounding metros. (2) Methods: We employed an interprofessional approach to CBPR which assumed all stakeholders as equal partners alongside the researchers to uncover the most relevant and useful knowledge to inform the development of telehealth community assessment. (3) Results: Key findings include that: physicians do not have the technology, financial means, or staff to provide a comprehensive system for telemedicine; and due to language and literacy barriers, many patients are not able to use a web-based system of telemedicine. We also found that all stakeholders believe that telehealth is a convenient tool that has the capacity to increase patient access and care. (4) Conclusions: Ultimately, the use of an interprofessional community-based participatory research (CBPR) design allowed our team to bring together local knowledge with that of trained experts to advance the research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ely-Ledesma
- Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Graham M, McKenzie H, Lamaro Haintz G, Dennis C. Who do Australian women seek social support from during the reproductive decision-making process? HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e4028-e4040. [PMID: 35302266 PMCID: PMC10078729 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Limited evidence exists about women's experiences of social support for reproductive decision-making, particularly who women seek social support from during decision-making. Using a concurrent mixed methods approach, this research explored who women aged 25-35 years living in Victoria, Australia, seek social support from during reproductive decision-making. Women seek social support for reproductive decision-making from multiple sources. However, through exploring women's support seeking for reproductive decision-making, rather than once a reproductive decision had been made, the study highlights the nuanced and contextual nature of support seeking for reproductive decision-making demonstrating support seeking is influenced by: type of reproductive decision; women's relationships with members of their social network; previous experiences of support seeking for reproductive decisions; expectations of the support they would receive; homophily; and temporality. This research provides important insight into who women seek support from for reproductive decision-making. Understanding this will help inform future social and public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Graham
- School of Psychology and Public HealthDepartment of Public HealthLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Hayley McKenzie
- School of Health and Social DevelopmentDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Carly Dennis
- School of Health and Social DevelopmentDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
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O'Sullivan P, McCarthy S. A qualitative study investigating Stakeholders' perspectives on a professional body of pharmacy. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2022; 7:100170. [PMID: 36082146 PMCID: PMC9445372 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the advent of “shared regulation” over a decade ago in healthcare to allow for greater public input, the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland (PSI) shed its professional leadership role. Since then there has been no unified voice for the profession of pharmacy in Ireland, which is in stark contrast to other jurisdictions and allied healthcare professions, where both public and practitioner are catered for in separate entities. This is an issue which has received little academic scrutiny thus far, and therefore this study provides a unique opportunity for stakeholders to submit their views. Methods Semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders working in representative bodies in Ireland using purposive and snowball sampling. Each interview was audio-video recorded and transcribed accordingly for six phase thematic analysis. Results Interviews were conducted with thirteen participants working in diverse sectors relevant to professional representation. There was a consensus regarding the existing void in the pharmacy profession, and how this has had a detrimental impact on the development of the profession and pharmacists' position in the Irish healthcare system. Different structural models were proposed by participants and potential financial and logistical hurdles for the profession to overcome were considered. Conclusion The study provides a unique review of stakeholders' perspectives who had clear desires for change. The manner in which such change will occur is a consideration for the profession and policy makers going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter O'Sullivan
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Corresponding author.
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Catal C, Ozcan A, Donmez E, Kasif A. Analysis of cyber security knowledge gaps based on cyber security body of knowledge. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 28:1809-1831. [PMID: 35967829 PMCID: PMC9362361 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasing number of cyber incidents and overwhelming skills shortage, it is required to evaluate the knowledge gap between cyber security education and industrial needs. As such, the objective of this study is to identify the knowledge gaps in cyber security graduates who join the cyber security workforce. We designed and performed an opinion survey by using the Cyber Security Knowledge Areas (KAs) specified in the Cyber Security Body of Knowledge (CyBOK) that comprises 19 KAs. Our data was gathered from practitioners who work in cyber security organizations. The knowledge gap was measured and evaluated by acknowledging the assumption for employing sequent data as nominal data and improved it by deploying chi-squared test. Analyses demonstrate that there is a gap that can be utilized to enhance the quality of education. According to acquired final results, three key KAs with the highest knowledge gap are Web and Mobile Security, Security Operations and Incident Management. Also, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Software Lifecycles, and Vulnerabilities are the knowledge areas with largest difference in perception of importance between less and more experienced personnel. We discuss several suggestions to improve the cyber security curriculum in order to minimize the knowledge gaps. There is an expanding demand for executive cyber security personnel in industry. High-quality university education is required to improve the qualification of upcoming workforce. The capability and capacity of the national cyber security workforce is crucial for nations and security organizations. A wide range of skills, namely technical skills, implementation skills, management skills, and soft skills are required in new cyber security graduates. The use of each CyBOK KA in the industry was measured in response to the extent of learning in university environments. This is the first study conducted in this field, it is considered that this research can inspire the way for further researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagatay Catal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alper Ozcan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emrah Donmez
- Department of Software Engineering, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kasif
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
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O'Brien P, Prehn R, Rind N, Lin I, Choong PFM, Bessarab D, Coffin J, Mason T, Dowsey MM, Bunzli S. Laying the foundations of community engagement in Aboriginal health research: establishing a community reference group and terms of reference in a novel research field. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2022; 8:40. [PMID: 35927687 PMCID: PMC9354439 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-022-00365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community engagement or community involvement in Aboriginal health research is a process that involves partnering, collaborating and involving Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people or potential research participants to empower them to have a say in how research with Aboriginal communities is conducted. In the context of Aboriginal health, this is particularly important so that researchers can respond to the priorities of the community under study and conduct research in a way that is respectful of Aboriginal cultural values and beliefs. One approach to incorporating the principals of community engagement and to ensure cultural oversight and guidance to projects is to engage a community reference group. The aim of this study was to describe the process of establishing an Aboriginal community reference group and terms of reference. The community reference group was established to guide the research activities of a newly formed research collaboration aiming to to develop osteoarthritis care that meets the needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia. METHODS Adopting a Participatory Action Research approach, this two-phase study was conducted in Victoria, Australia. In phase one, semi-structured research yarns (a cultural form of conversation used as a data gathering tool) were conducted collaboratively by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal co-investigators to explore Aboriginal health stakeholder perspectives on establishing a community reference group and terms of reference. In phase two, recommendations in phase one were identified to invite members to participate in the community reference group and to ratify the terms of reference through a focus group. Data were analyzed using a framework analysis approach. RESULTS Thirteen people (eight female, four male) participated in phase one. Participants represented diverse professional backgrounds including physiotherapy, nursing, general practice, health services management, hospital liaison, cultural safety education, health research and the arts. Three themes were identified in phase one; Recruitment and Representation (trust and relationships, in-house call-outs, broad-spectrum expertise and Aboriginal majority); Purpose (community engagement, research steering, knowledge dissemination and advocacy) and; Function and Logistics (frequency and format of meetings, size of group, roles and responsibilities, authority, communication and dissemination). In phase two, six Aboriginal people were invited to become members of the community reference group who recommended changes which were incorporated into the seven domains of the terms of reference. CONCLUSION The findings of this study are captured in a 10-step framework which describes practical strategies for establishing a community reference group and terms of reference in Aboriginal health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny O'Brien
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Ryan Prehn
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Naz Rind
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Ivan Lin
- Centre for Aboriginal Medical and Dental Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6000, Australia
| | - Peter F M Choong
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Dawn Bessarab
- Western Australian Centre for Rural Health, The University of Western Australia, Geraldton, WA, 6530, Australia
| | - Juli Coffin
- Ngangk Yira Institute for Change, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Toni Mason
- ECCO Community Reference Group, Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Michelle M Dowsey
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Samantha Bunzli
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
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Hensel DJ, O’Sullivan LF. Sexual Concurrency Among Adolescent Women With Multiple Partners: A Daily Diary Study. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:70-77. [PMID: 35354537 PMCID: PMC9232968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sexual partnerships that overlap in some period of time (i.e., concurrent) are a key factor in sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission. Research examining concurrency among adolescents typically uses person-level, cross-sectional, and/or retrospective data, obscuring factors that manifest on any given occasion of concurrency. We used sexual diaries to examine: (1) daily prevalence of vaginal sex concurrency when two partners are reported by adolescent women; and (2) individual, relational, and behavioral attributes that impact the likelihood of sex with neither partner, with one partner or the other, or with both partners on any given day. METHODS Daily diaries were drawn from a large longitudinal cohort study examining sexual relationships, behaviors, and STIs among adolescent women. Participants contributed 280,844 partner-associated diary entries, of which (27.9%; n = 78,356) indicated multiple partners. All two-partner diary entries were retained for analysis (N = 323; Mage = 17.55; 90% African American). Random intercept mixed-effects multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the impact of predictor variables on odds of having sex with one or the other, both, or neither partner. RESULTS Most two-partner days (93.5%) involved no sex with either partner. Few reports (.2%) indicated same-day sexual concurrency. Older age, greater partner support, and higher sexual interest increased the likelihood of sex with both partners on the same day. CONCLUSIONS Individual, relational, and behavioral factors predict concurrency in ways that challenge assumptions that secondary partnerships constitute negligible relationships. Programs targeting partner concurrency in adolescents may find success tailoring messaging around these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J. Hensel
- Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN,Department of Sociology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
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van Hees SGM, Carlier BE, Blonk RWB, Oomens S. Strengthening supervisor support for employees with common mental health problems: developing a workplace intervention using intervention mapping. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1146. [PMID: 35676640 PMCID: PMC9174917 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study presents the development of a workplace intervention to strengthen supervisor’s support for employees with common mental health problems (CMHP). CMHP have been increasing over the last years, resulting into negative work outcomes, such as absenteeism or reduced work performance. To date, organisational interventions have been promising in preventing these negative work outcomes, however it is yet unknown in what way the role of workplace stakeholders, in particular supervisors, can be strengthened. This study contributes to the literature of interventions on an organizational level which uses a preventative approach by promoting stay at work among employees with CMHP through supervisor support. Methods we applied the intervention mapping (IM) approach, by actively involving workplace stakeholders (employees with CMHP, supervisors and occupational health professionals) through the development process and the use of Integrated model of behaviour prediction for employers. All six steps of IM are followed and thematic analysis was used to analyse interviews and focus groups. Results Based on a comprehensive needs assessment, the intervention resulted in an online guideline, with five step-wise themes on how to support employees with CMHP to stay at work (SAW). The guideline addressed the most important and changeable actions using the Integrated model of behaviour prediction. The guideline presents how to signal and address problems in the workplace and find solutions by stimulating autonomy of employees, explore job accommodations and ask for occupational support. In addition, basic conditions on how to create mentally healthy workplaces were presented. Coaching sessions by occupational health professionals, that include practical strategies using the best available evidence, were identified by the stakeholders. Conclusions This SAW-Supervisor Guideline-intervention responds to the need of supervisors to be supported in their role, responsibility and ways to support employees with mental health issues, through a behaviour-oriented, preventative approach. Intervention mapping provided a systematic process to identify, structure and prioritize factors of supervisor support, resulting in a novel workplace intervention. The active involvement of workplace stakeholders throughout the process resulted into a well-received intervention. The theoretical framework provided practical ways to induce supportive behaviour of supervisors, bridging theory with practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne G M van Hees
- Occupation and Health Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Bouwine E Carlier
- Occupation and Health Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland W B Blonk
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.,TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Optentia, North West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Shirley Oomens
- Occupation and Health Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Primary and Community Care, Nijmegen School of Occupational Health, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Towards a Sustainable Metamorphosis of a Small Island Tourism: Dynamizing Capacity Building, Alternating Governance Arrangements, and Emerging Political Bargaining Power. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14126957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examines how local agents (non-profit-seeking actors and residents of Pahawang Island) developed empowering methods to address ecological problems during the island’s transformation from a small, secluded island to a tourist destination. Building capacity through grassroots initiatives, bottom-linked collaboration, and improved political bargaining power were critical components, constituting the conceptual framework to analyse the data. The socio-spatial shift in Pahawang Island reflects the nature, degree of involvement, and participation of multiple stakeholders. Slowly and gradually, bottom-up and later bottom-linked institutional efforts were implemented to lay the groundwork for a more sustainable ecology, social economy, and political transformation. Capacity building was dynamized by including it in a social innovation process, bottom-linked governance, and stimulated empowerment, which altered the governance, political bargaining power and policymaking power balance. Under these conditions, collaborative grassroots learning and action efforts can be a virtuous panacea for improving the sustainable governance of small islands, which is frequently disregarded in a neoliberal society.
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Kasoka K, Weait M. HIV Testing Autonomy: The Importance of Relationship Factors in HIV Testing to People in Lusaka and Chongwe, Zambia. JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2022; 19:239-254. [PMID: 35212947 PMCID: PMC9233643 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-022-10169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, informed consent has been adopted worldwide as a cornerstone to ensure autonomy during HIV testing. However, there are still ongoing debates on whether the edifice on which informed consent requirements are grounded, that is, personal autonomy, is philosophically, morally, and practically sound, especially in countries where HIV is an epidemic and/or may have a different ontological perspective or lived reality. This study explores the views of participants from Zambia. In-depth and focus group discussions were conducted at various locations in Lusaka and Chongwe, Zambia. Participants came from various demographics, including people living with HIV (PLHIV), healthcare professionals and workers, policymakers, pregnant women, churchgoers, teachers, rural-based persons, and police officers. Data were manually analysed by conducting inductive and deductive thematic analyses. Results show that participants were not in favour of HIV policies that promote personal autonomy at the expense of pursuit of the common good. Participants viewed interdependence, not autonomy, as an essential characteristic of being human. The participants' views have a realistic potential to provide a contextual and appropriate ethical, respectful, and realistic foundation for HIV testing policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasoka Kasoka
- HIV Programmes and Advocacy, International AIDS Society, Avenue de France 23, 1202 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Weait
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB UK
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Gonçalves A, Williams A, Koulouglioti C, Leckie T, Hunter A, Fitzpatrick D, Richardson A, Hardy B, Venn R, Hodgson L. Surviving severe COVID-19: Interviews with patients, informal carers and health professionals. Nurs Crit Care 2022; 28:80-88. [PMID: 35561020 PMCID: PMC9348004 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with an unprecedented number of critical care survivors. Their experiences through illness and recovery are likely to be complex, but little is known about how best to support them. AIM This study aimed to explore experiences of illness and recovery from the perspective of survivors, their relatives and professionals involved in their care. STUDY DESIGN In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with three stakeholder groups during the first wave of the pandemic. A total of 23 participants (12 professionals, 6 survivors and 5 relatives) were recruited from 5 acute hospitals in England and interviewed by telephone or video call. Data analysis followed the principles of Reflexive Thematic Analysis. FINDINGS Three themes were generated from their interview data: (1) Deteriorating fast-a downhill journey from symptom onset to critical care; (2) Facing a new virus in a hospital-a remote place; and (3) Returning home as a survivor, maintaining normality and recovering slowly. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight challenges in accessing care and communication between patients, hospital staff and relatives. Following hospital discharge, patients adopted a reframed 'survivor identity' to cope with their experience of illness and slow recovery process. The concept of survivorship in this patient group may be beneficial to promote and explore further. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE All efforts should be made to continue to improve communication between patients, relatives and health professionals during critical care admissions, particularly while hospital visits are restricted. Adapting to life after critical illness may be more challenging while health services are restricted by the impacts of the pandemic. It may be beneficial to promote the concept of survivorship, following admission to critical care due to severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana‐Carolina Gonçalves
- School of SportHealth and Exercise Science, University of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK,Department of Intensive Care medicineUniversity Hospitals SussexWorthingUK
| | - Annabel Williams
- Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social WorkOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK
| | | | - Todd Leckie
- Department of Intensive Care medicineUniversity Hospitals SussexWorthingUK
| | - Alexander Hunter
- Department of Intensive Care medicineUniversity Hospitals SussexWorthingUK
| | - Daniel Fitzpatrick
- School of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK,General Practice training programmeSt George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Alan Richardson
- School of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK
| | - Benjamin Hardy
- Department of Intensive Care medicineUniversity Hospitals SussexWorthingUK
| | - Richard Venn
- Department of Intensive Care medicineUniversity Hospitals SussexWorthingUK
| | - Luke Hodgson
- Department of Intensive Care medicineUniversity Hospitals SussexWorthingUK,School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
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Mitchell L, Lehane P, McCarthy M, O'Shea K, Tracey M, Whyte T, Neville R. Nutrition knowledge of elite and non-elite Gaelic footballers. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2022; 6:159-163. [PMID: 35475752 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1906440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intake plays a significant role in athletic performance and is influenced by several factors, including nutrition knowledge. Gaelic footballers are amateur athletes who conduct high-intensity, intermittent activity during training and competition, and have previously demonstrated insufficient dietary intake. This study aimed to examine nutrition knowledge in elite and non-elite Gaelic footballers. An online survey was distributed to competitive Gaelic footballers, examining nutrition knowledge using the Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire. Total, general, and sport nutrition knowledge were compared between elite and non-elite athletes, and those who had and had not previously received nutrition education, using Mann-Whitney U-tests. A total of 190 participants (15.3% women) completed the survey. No differences between elite and non-elite athletes in nutrition knowledge were identified (p > 0.05). Athletes with previous nutrition education scored higher than those without previous nutrition education in total (54.0 ± 4.9% vs 46.8 ± 9.6%; p = 0.002) and sport (51.9 ± 12.5% vs 43.4 ± 11.8%; p = 0.005) nutrition knowledge. Findings suggest an importance of nutrition education at all levels of athletic competition to improve nutrition knowledge, which may empower athletes to make appropriate dietary decisions to support training and competition demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan Mitchell
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Paul Lehane
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Mark McCarthy
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Kris O'Shea
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Mark Tracey
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Taylor Whyte
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Ross Neville
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
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Rapport F, Lo CY, Elks B, Warren C, Clay-Williams R. Cochlear implant aesthetics and its impact on stigma, social interaction and quality of life: a mixed-methods study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058406. [PMID: 35321898 PMCID: PMC8943735 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Awareness of the benefits of cochlear implants is low, and barriers such as fear of surgery and ongoing rehabilitation have been noted. Perceived stigma associated with hearing loss also plays a key role, with many adults not wanting to appear old or be identified as a person with a disability. In effect, a cochlear implant makes deafness visible. New technologies have led to a smaller external profile for some types of cochlear implants, but qualitative assessments of benefit have not been explored. This study will examine cochlear implant aesthetics and cosmetics, and its impact on perceived stigma, social interactions, communication and quality of life. A particular focus will be the examination of totally implantable device concepts. A secondary aim is to understand what research techniques are best suited and most appealing for cochlear implant recipients, to assist in future study design and data collection methods. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study utilises a mixed-methods design. Three datasets will be collected from each participant with an expected sample size of 10-15 participants to allow for data saturation of themes elicited. Each participant will complete a demographic questionnaire, a quickfire survey (a short concise questionnaire on a topic of research familiarity and preference) and a semi-structured interview. Questionnaire and quickfire survey data will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Interviews will be transcribed and analysed thematically. All participants will be adults with more than 1 year of experience using cochlear implants. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been granted ethical approval from Macquarie University (HREC: 520211056232432) and meets the requirements set out in the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research. Study findings will be disseminated widely through international peer-reviewed journal articles, public and academic presentations, plain language summaries for participants and an executive summary for the project funder. This work was supported by Cochlear Limited (Cochlear Ltd). The funder will have no role in conducting or reporting on the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Rapport
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chi Yhun Lo
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Beth Elks
- Cochlear Limited, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Warren
- Cochlear Limited, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn Clay-Williams
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Woodward S, Coggrave M, Dibley L, McClurg D, Norton C. A Qualitative Study of Health Care Professionals' Views on Bowel Care in Multiple Sclerosis: Whose Job Is It Anyway? Int J MS Care 2022; 24:81-89. [PMID: 35462871 PMCID: PMC9017657 DOI: 10.7224/1537-2073.2020-087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bowel dysfunction, including constipation and fecal incontinence, is prevalent in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), adversely affecting quality of life and increasing caregiver burden. How health care professionals (HCPs) identify, assess, and manage people with MS with bowel dysfunction is understudied. This study explored how HCPs think about, assess, and manage bowel dysfunction in individuals with MS. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 HCPs from different professional disciplines and clinical specialties recruited from UK National Health Service primary, secondary, and tertiary care services using purposive and chain referral sampling through professional networks. One participant worked for a bladder and bowel charity. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Views differed regarding responsibilities for providing bowel care. Participants thought individuals with MS should notify HCPs of bowel symptoms and take responsibility for self-management where possible, with family caregivers required to help with bowel care. Although people with MS were often referred to bladder and bowel specialists when a crisis point was reached, earlier referral was called for by these HCPs. There were variations in assessment processes, treatment options offered, and service provision. Participants thought HCPs needed more education on bowel dysfunction, bowel care should take a high priority, and evidence-based clinical guidelines and referral pathways would improve service delivery. CONCLUSIONS The HCPs caring for individuals with MS see many with bowel dysfunction, and there is variation in care and service provision; HCPs require more education, evidence-based clinical guidelines, and referral pathways to improve case finding, assessment, and management of these symptoms for individuals with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Woodward
- From the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, London, UK (SW, MC, CN)
| | - Maureen Coggrave
- From the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, London, UK (SW, MC, CN)
| | - Lesley Dibley
- Faculty of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, UK (LD)
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK (LD)
| | - Doreen McClurg
- Nursing, Midwifery, and Allied Health Professions, Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland (DM)
| | - Christine Norton
- From the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, London, UK (SW, MC, CN)
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Chang R, Zeng C, Qiao S, Wang H, Xu C, Yu X, Ma T, Wang Y, Li X, Cai Y. The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relation Between Interpersonal Needs and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese Transgender Women. Front Public Health 2022; 9:764198. [PMID: 35127616 PMCID: PMC8810492 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.764198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgender women are at high risk of depression and suicidal ideation. The interpersonal theory of suicide proposes that suicidal ideation could be a consequence of high interpersonal needs (thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness). The current study tests this theory and investigates whether depression could mediate the relationship between interpersonal needs and suicidal ideation among transgender women in Shenyang, China. METHODS A total of 198 transgender women were recruited by snowball sampling. A cross-sectional study was conducted through a structured questionnaire. Suicidal ideation, depression, and interpersonal needs were assessed. Path analysis was used to carry out the research goals and the mediating effect of depression was tested. RESULTS There were nearly 37% of the participants reported lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was positively correlated with thwarted belongingness (t = -5.53, p < 0.01) and perceived burdensomeness (t = -5.02, p < 0.01). The direct effect from thwarted belongingness to suicidal ideation via depression was statistically significant (Std. β = 0.232, p < 0.01). Depression could also mediate the indirect path from perceived burdensomeness to suicidal ideation through depression (Std. β = 0.222, p < 0.01) although the direct path between them was not significant (Std. β = 0.046, p = 0.693). CONCLUSIONS Depression fully mediated the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and suicidal ideation, and partially mediate the relationship between thwarted belongingness and suicidal ideation. To reduce the risk of suicidal ideation among transgender women, interventions targeting thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and depression are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengbo Zeng
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Shan Qiao
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Huwen Wang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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