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Carry PM, Vanderlinden LA, Johnson RK, Buckner T, Steck AK, Kechris K, Yang IV, Fingerlin TE, Fiehn O, Rewers M, Norris JM. Longitudinal changes in DNA methylation during the onset of islet autoimmunity differentiate between reversion versus progression of islet autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1345494. [PMID: 38915393 PMCID: PMC11194352 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is preceded by a heterogenous pre-clinical phase, islet autoimmunity (IA). We aimed to identify pre vs. post-IA seroconversion (SV) changes in DNAm that differed across three IA progression phenotypes, those who lose autoantibodies (reverters), progress to clinical T1D (progressors), or maintain autoantibody levels (maintainers). Methods This epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) included longitudinal DNAm measurements in blood (Illumina 450K and EPIC) from participants in Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) who developed IA, one or more islet autoantibodies on at least two consecutive visits. We compared reverters - individuals who sero-reverted, negative for all autoantibodies on at least two consecutive visits and did not develop T1D (n=41); maintainers - continued to test positive for autoantibodies but did not develop T1D (n=60); progressors - developed clinical T1D (n=42). DNAm data were measured before (pre-SV visit) and after IA (post-SV visit). Linear mixed models were used to test for differences in pre- vs post-SV changes in DNAm across the three groups. Linear mixed models were also used to test for group differences in average DNAm. Cell proportions, age, and sex were adjusted for in all models. Median follow-up across all participants was 15.5 yrs. (interquartile range (IQR): 10.8-18.7). Results The median age at the pre-SV visit was 2.2 yrs. (IQR: 0.8-5.3) in progressors, compared to 6.0 yrs. (IQR: 1.3-8.4) in reverters, and 5.7 yrs. (IQR: 1.4-9.7) in maintainers. Median time between the visits was similar in reverters 1.4 yrs. (IQR: 1-1.9), maintainers 1.3 yrs. (IQR: 1.0-2.0), and progressors 1.8 yrs. (IQR: 1.0-2.0). Changes in DNAm, pre- vs post-SV, differed across the groups at one site (cg16066195) and 11 regions. Average DNAm (mean of pre- and post-SV) differed across 22 regions. Conclusion Differentially changing DNAm regions were located in genomic areas related to beta cell function, immune cell differentiation, and immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Carry
- Colorado Program for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | - Randi K. Johnson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Teresa Buckner
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Dietetics, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, United States
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ivana V. Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Tasha E. Fingerlin
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- University of California Davis West Coast Metabolomics Center, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
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Abbas A, Hammad AS, Al-Shafai M. The role of genetic and epigenetic GNAS alterations in the development of early-onset obesity. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108487. [PMID: 38103632 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GNAS (guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha stimulating) is an imprinted gene that encodes Gsα, the α subunit of the heterotrimeric stimulatory G protein. This subunit mediates the signalling of a diverse array of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) that serves a pivotal role in regulating food intake, energy homoeostasis, and body weight. Genetic or epigenetic alterations in GNAS are known to cause pseudohypoparathyroidism in its different subtypes and have been recently associated with isolated, early-onset, severe obesity. Given the diverse biological functions that Gsα serves, multiple molecular mechanisms involving various GPCRs, such as MC4R, β2- and β3-adrenoceptors, and corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of severe, early-onset obesity that results from genetic or epigenetic GNAS changes. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review examines the structure and function of GNAS and provides an overview of the disorders that are caused by defects in this gene and may feature early-onset obesity. Moreover, it elucidates the potential molecular mechanisms underlying Gsα deficiency-induced early-onset obesity, highlighting some of their implications for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of this complex condition. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Gsα deficiency is an underappreciated cause of early-onset, severe obesity. Therefore, screening children with unexplained, severe obesity for GNAS defects is recommended, to enhance the molecular diagnosis and management of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abbas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayat S Hammad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mashael Al-Shafai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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He C, Wang D, Wang R, Huang Y, Huang X, Shen S, Lv J, Wu M. Epigallocatechin Gallate Induces the Demethylation of Actinin Alpha 4 to Inhibit Diabetic Nephropathy Renal Fibrosis via the NF-KB Signaling Pathway In Vitro. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221105704. [PMID: 35706474 PMCID: PMC9189538 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221105704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Actinin alpha 4 (ACTN4) is expressed in the kidney podocytes. ACTN4 gene methylation in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains high. Underlying mechanism of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inducing ACTN4 demethylation, and its inhibitory effect on DN renal fibrosis remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling He
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Ruoling Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yongli Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - ShuMin Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Mingcai Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Yeung EH, Mendola P, Sundaram R, Zeng X, Guan W, Tsai MY, Robinson SL, Stern JE, Ghassabian A, Lawrence D, O'Connor TG, Segars J, Gore-Langton RE, Bell EM. Conception by fertility treatment and offspring deoxyribonucleic acid methylation. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:493-504. [PMID: 33823999 PMCID: PMC8349775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation at birth and in childhood differ by conception using assisted reproductive technologies (ART) or ovulation induction compared with those in children conceived without fertility treatment. DESIGN Upstate KIDS is a matched exposure cohort which oversampled on newborns conceived by treatment. SETTING New York State (excluding New York City). PATIENT(S) This analysis included 855 newborns and 152 children at approximately 9 years of age. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) DNA methylation levels were measured using the Illumina EPIC platform. Single CpG and regional analyses at imprinting genes were conducted. RESULT(S) Compared to no fertility treatment, ART was associated with lower mean DNA methylation levels at birth in 11 CpGs (located in/near SYCE1, SPRN, KIAA2013, MYO1D, GET1/WRB-SH4BGR, IGF1R, SORD, NECAB3/ACTL10, and GET1) and higher mean methylation level in 1 CpG (KLK4; all false discovery rate P<.05). The strongest association (cg17676129) was located at SYCE1, which codes for a synaptonemal complex that plays a role in meiosis and therefore infertility. This CpG remained associated with newborn hypomethylation when the analysis was limited to those conceived with ICSI, but this may be because of underlying male infertility. In addition, nine regions in maternally imprinted genes (IGF1R, PPIEL, SVOPL GNAS, L3MBTL, BLCAP, HYMAI/PLAGL1, SNU13, and MEST) were observed to have decreased mean DNA methylation levels among newborns conceived by ART. In childhood, hypomethylation of the maternally imprinted gene, GNAS, persisted. No CpGs or regions were associated with ovulation induction. CONCLUSION(S) ART but not ovulation induction was associated with hypomethylation at birth, but only one difference at an imprinting region appeared to persist in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina H Yeung
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sonia L Robinson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Judy E Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Departments of Pediatrics, Population Health, and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - David Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, New York
| | - Thomas G O'Connor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - James Segars
- Howard W. and Georgeanna Seegar Jones Laboratory of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Erin M Bell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, New York
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Antoun E, Kitaba NT, Titcombe P, Dalrymple KV, Garratt ES, Barton SJ, Murray R, Seed PT, Holbrook JD, Kobor MS, Lin DTS, MacIsaac JL, Burdge GC, White SL, Poston L, Godfrey KM, Lillycrop KA. Maternal dysglycaemia, changes in the infant's epigenome modified with a diet and physical activity intervention in pregnancy: Secondary analysis of a randomised control trial. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003229. [PMID: 33151971 PMCID: PMC7643947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher maternal plasma glucose (PG) concentrations, even below gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) thresholds, are associated with adverse offspring outcomes, with DNA methylation proposed as a mediating mechanism. Here, we examined the relationships between maternal dysglycaemia at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation and DNA methylation in neonates and whether a dietary and physical activity intervention in pregnant women with obesity modified the methylation signatures associated with maternal dysglycaemia. METHODS AND FINDINGS We investigated 557 women, recruited between 2009 and 2014 from the UK Pregnancies Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT), a randomised controlled trial (RCT), of a lifestyle intervention (low glycaemic index (GI) diet plus physical activity) in pregnant women with obesity (294 contol, 263 intervention). Between 27 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, participants had an oral glucose (75 g) tolerance test (OGTT), and GDM diagnosis was based on diagnostic criteria recommended by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG), with 159 women having a diagnosis of GDM. Cord blood DNA samples from the infants were interrogated for genome-wide DNA methylation levels using the Infinium Human MethylationEPIC BeadChip array. Robust regression was carried out, adjusting for maternal age, smoking, parity, ethnicity, neonate sex, and predicted cell-type composition. Maternal GDM, fasting glucose, 1-h, and 2-h glucose concentrations following an OGTT were associated with 242, 1, 592, and 17 differentially methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (dmCpG) sites (false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05), respectively, in the infant's cord blood DNA. The most significantly GDM-associated CpG was cg03566881 located within the leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) (FDR = 0.0002). Moreover, we show that the GDM and 1-h glucose-associated methylation signatures in the cord blood of the infant appeared to be attenuated by the dietary and physical activity intervention during pregnancy; in the intervention arm, there were no GDM and two 1-h glucose-associated dmCpGs, whereas in the standard care arm, there were 41 GDM and 160 1-h glucose-associated dmCpGs. A total of 87% of the GDM and 77% of the 1-h glucose-associated dmCpGs had smaller effect sizes in the intervention compared to the standard care arm; the adjusted r2 for the association of LGR6 cg03566881 with GDM was 0.317 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.012, 0.022) in the standard care and 0.240 (95% CI 0.001, 0.015) in the intervention arm. Limitations included measurement of DNA methylation in cord blood, where the functional significance of such changes are unclear, and because of the strong collinearity between treatment modality and severity of hyperglycaemia, we cannot exclude that treatment-related differences are potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Maternal dysglycaemia was associated with significant changes in the epigenome of the infants. Moreover, we found that the epigenetic impact of a dysglycaemic prenatal maternal environment appeared to be modified by a lifestyle intervention in pregnancy. Further research will be needed to investigate possible medical implications of the findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN89971375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Antoun
- Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Negusse T. Kitaba
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Titcombe
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn V. Dalrymple
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma S. Garratt
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila J. Barton
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Murray
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Paul T. Seed
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna D. Holbrook
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S. Kobor
- BC Childrens Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David TS Lin
- BC Childrens Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Julia L. MacIsaac
- BC Childrens Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Graham C. Burdge
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sara L. White
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A. Lillycrop
- Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Islam ABMMK, Mohammad E, Khan MAAK. Aberration of the modulatory functions of intronic microRNA hsa-miR-933 on its host gene ATF2 results in type II diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disease development. Hum Genomics 2020; 14:34. [PMID: 32993798 PMCID: PMC7526404 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-020-00285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are ~ 22-nucleotide-long biological modifiers that act as the post-transcriptional modulator of gene expression. Some of them are identified to be embedded within the introns of protein-coding genes, these miRNAs are called the intronic miRNAs. Previous findings state that these intronic miRNAs are co-expressed with their host genes. This co-expression is necessary to maintain the robustness of the biological system. Till to date, only a few experiments are performed discretely to elucidate the functional relationship between few co-expressed intronic miRNAs and their associated host genes. RESULTS In this study, we have interpreted the underlying modulatory mechanisms of intronic miRNA hsa-miR-933 on its target host gene ATF2 and found that aberration can lead to several disease conditions. A protein-protein interaction network-based approach was adopted, and functional enrichment analysis was performed to elucidate the significantly over-represented biological functions and pathways of the common targets. Our approach delineated that hsa-miR-933 might control the hyperglycemic condition and hyperinsulinism by regulating ATF2 target genes MAP4K4, PRKCE, PEA15, BDNF, PRKACB, and GNAS which can otherwise lead to the development of type II diabetes mellitus. Moreover, we showed that hsa-miR-933 can regulate a target of ATF2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), to modulate the optimal expression of ATF2 in neuron cells to render neuroprotection for the inhibition of neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our in silico model provides interesting resources for experimentations in a model organism or cell line for further validation. These findings may extend the common perception of gene expression analysis with new regulatory functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eusra Mohammad
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Current Affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Md. Abdullah-Al-Kamran Khan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Current Affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Rizzo HE, Escaname EN, Alana NB, Lavender E, Gelfond J, Fernandez R, Hibbs MA, King JM, Carr NR, Blanco CL. Maternal diabetes and obesity influence the fetal epigenome in a largely Hispanic population. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:34. [PMID: 32075680 PMCID: PMC7031937 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-0824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and diabetes mellitus are directly implicated in many adverse health consequences in adults as well as in the offspring of obese and diabetic mothers. Hispanic Americans are particularly at risk for obesity, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease. Maternal obesity and/or diabetes through prenatal programming may alter the fetal epigenome increasing the risk of metabolic disease in their offspring. The aims of this study were to determine if maternal obesity or diabetes mellitus during pregnancy results in a change in infant methylation of CpG islands adjacent to targeted genes specific for obesity or diabetes disease pathways in a largely Hispanic population. Methods Methylation levels in the cord blood of 69 newborns were determined using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Over 850,000 different probe sites were analyzed to determine whether maternal obesity and/or diabetes mellitus directly attributed to differential methylation; epigenome-wide and regional analyses were performed for significant CpG sites. Results Following quality control, agranular leukocyte samples from 69 newborns (23 normal term (NT), 14 diabetes (DM), 23 obese (OB), 9 DM/OB) were analyzed for over 850,000 different probe sites. Contrasts between the NT, DM, OB, and DM/OB were considered. After correction for multiple testing, 15 CpGs showed differential methylation from the NT, associated with 10 differentially methylated genes between the diabetic and non-diabetic subgroups, CCDC110, KALRN, PAG1, GNRH1, SLC2A9, CSRP2BP, HIVEP1, RALGDS, DHX37, and SCNN1D. The effects of diabetes were partly mediated by the altered methylation of HOOK2, LCE3C, and TMEM63B. The effects of obesity were partly mediated by the differential methylation of LTF and DUSP22. Conclusions The presented data highlights the associated altered methylation patterns potentially mediated by maternal diabetes and/or obesity. Larger studies are warranted to investigate the role of both the identified differentially methylated loci and the effects on newborn body composition and future health risk factors for metabolic disease. Additional future consideration should be targeted to the role of Hispanic inheritance. Potential future targeting of transgenerational propagation and developmental programming may reduce population obesity and diabetes risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Rizzo
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX, 78212, USA
| | - Elia N Escaname
- Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas B Alana
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX, 78212, USA.,University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lavender
- Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew A Hibbs
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX, 78212, USA
| | - Jonathan M King
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX, 78212, USA.
| | - Nicholas R Carr
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia L Blanco
- Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Howe CG, Cox B, Fore R, Jungius J, Kvist T, Lent S, Miles HE, Salas LA, Rifas-Shiman S, Starling AP, Yousefi P, Ladd-Acosta C, Baccarelli A, Binder EB, Chatzi VL, Czamara D, Dabelea D, DeMeo DL, Ghantous A, Herceg Z, Kajantie E, Lahti JMT, Lawlor DA, Litonjua A, Nawrot TS, Nohr EA, Oken E, Pizzi C, Plusquin M, Räikkönen K, Relton CL, Sharp GC, Sørensen TIA, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M, Zhang W, Hivert MF, Breton CV. Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Newborn DNA Methylation: Findings From the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics Consortium. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:98-105. [PMID: 31601636 PMCID: PMC6925578 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with adverse outcomes in the offspring. Growing evidence suggests that the epigenome may play a role, but most previous studies have been small and adjusted for few covariates. The current study meta-analyzed the association between maternal GDM and cord blood DNA methylation in the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seven pregnancy cohorts (3,677 mother-newborn pairs [317 with GDM]) contributed results from epigenome-wide association studies, using DNA methylation data acquired by the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. Associations between GDM and DNA methylation were examined using robust linear regression, with adjustment for potential confounders. Fixed-effects meta-analyses were performed using METAL. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified by taking the intersection of results obtained using two regional approaches: comb-p and DMRcate. RESULTS Two DMRs were identified by both comb-p and DMRcate. Both regions were hypomethylated in newborns exposed to GDM in utero compared with control subjects. One DMR (chr 1: 248100345-248100614) was located in the OR2L13 promoter, and the other (chr 10: 135341870-135342620) was located in the gene body of CYP2E1. Individual CpG analyses did not reveal any differentially methylated loci based on a false discovery rate-adjusted P value threshold of 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Maternal GDM was associated with lower cord blood methylation levels within two regions, including the promoter of OR2L13, a gene associated with autism spectrum disorder, and the gene body of CYP2E1, which is upregulated in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Future studies are needed to understand whether these associations are causal and possible health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bianca Cox
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ruby Fore
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - James Jungius
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Tuomas Kvist
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samantha Lent
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Harriet E Miles
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sheryl Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Paul Yousefi
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Precision Environmental Biosciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vaia Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University for Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari M T Lahti
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, U.K
| | - Augusto Litonjua
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Costanza Pizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, U.K
| | - Gemma C Sharp
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Section on Metabolic Genetics, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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9
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Hjort L, Novakovic B, Grunnet LG, Maple-Brown L, Damm P, Desoye G, Saffery R. Diabetes in pregnancy and epigenetic mechanisms-how the first 9 months from conception might affect the child's epigenome and later risk of disease. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019; 7:796-806. [PMID: 31128973 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes in pregnancy is not only associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications and subsequent maternal metabolic disease, but also increases the risk of long-term metabolic disease in the offspring. At the interface between genetic and environmental factors, epigenetic variation established in utero represents a plausible link between the in utero environment and later disease susceptibility. The identification of an epigenetic fingerprint of diabetes in pregnancy linked to the metabolic health of the offspring might provide novel biomarkers for the identification of offspring most at risk, before the onset of metabolic dysfunction, for targeted monitoring and intervention. In this Personal View, we (1) highlight the scale of the problem of diabetes in pregnancy, (2) summarise evidence for the variation in offspring epigenetic profiles following exposure to diabetes in utero, and (3) outline potential future approaches to further understand the mechanisms by which exposure to maternal metabolic dysfunction in pregnancy is transmitted through generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Hjort
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone-metabolic Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise G Grunnet
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone-metabolic Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Maple-Brown
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Diseases Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT, Australia; Endocrinology Department, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Richard Saffery
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Taneera J, Dhaiban S, Mohammed AK, Mukhopadhyay D, Aljaibeji H, Sulaiman N, Fadista J, Salehi A. GNAS gene is an important regulator of insulin secretory capacity in pancreatic β-cells. Gene 2019; 715:144028. [PMID: 31374326 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex polygenic disease with unclear mechanism. In an attempt to identify novel genes involved in β-cell function, we harness a bioinformatics method called Loss-of-function tool (LoFtool) gene score. METHODS RNA-sequencing data from human islets were used to cross-reference genes within the 1st quartile of most intolerant LoFtool score with the 100th most expressed genes in human islets. Out of these genes, GNAS and EEF1A1 genes were selected for further investigation in diabetic islets, metabolic tissues along with their correlation with diabetic phenotypes. The influence of GNAS and EEF1A1 on insulin secretion and β-cell function were validated in INS-1 cells. RESULTS A comparatively higher expression level of GNAS and EEF1A1 was observed in human islets than fat, liver and muscle tissues. Furthermore, diabetic islets displayed a reduced expression of GNAS, but not of EEF1A, compared to non-diabetic islets. The expression of GNAS was positively correlated with insulin secretory index, GLP1R, GIPR and inversely correlated with HbA1c. Diabetic human islets displayed a reduced cAMP generation and insulin secretory capacity in response to glucose. Moreover, siRNA silencing of GNAS in INS-1 cells reduced insulin secretion, insulin content, and cAMP production. In addition, the expression of Insulin, PDX1, and MAFA was significantly down-regulated in GNAS-silenced cells. However, cell viability and apoptosis rate were unaffected. CONCLUSION LoFtool is a powerful tool to identify genes associated with pancreatic islets dysfunction. GNAS is a crucial gene for the β-cell insulin secretory capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Taneera
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sarah Dhaiban
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Debasmita Mukhopadhyay
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayat Aljaibeji
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nabil Sulaiman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joao Fadista
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Albert Salehi
- Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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11
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Samblas M, Milagro FI, Martínez A. DNA methylation markers in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and weight loss. Epigenetics 2019; 14:421-444. [PMID: 30915894 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1595297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fact that not all individuals exposed to the same environmental risk factors develop obesity supports the hypothesis of the existence of underlying genetic and epigenetic elements. There is suggestive evidence that environmental stimuli, such as dietary pattern, particularly during pregnancy and early life, but also in adult life, can induce changes in DNA methylation predisposing to obesity and related comorbidities. In this context, the DNA methylation marks of each individual have emerged not only as a promising tool for the prediction, screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of obesity and metabolic syndrome features, but also for the improvement of weight loss therapies in the context of precision nutrition. The main objectives in this field are to understand the mechanisms involved in transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and featuring the nutritional and lifestyle factors implicated in the epigenetic modifications. Likewise, DNA methylation modulation caused by diet and environment may be a target for newer therapeutic strategies concerning the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Samblas
- a Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research , University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Fermín I Milagro
- a Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research , University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.,b CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición , Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid , Spain.,c IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- a Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research , University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.,b CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición , Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid , Spain.,c IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) , Pamplona , Spain.,d IMDEA, Research Institute on Food & Health Sciences , Madrid , Spain
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12
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Yu DQ, Lv PP, Yan YS, Xu GX, Sadhukhan A, Dong S, Shen Y, Ren J, Zhang XY, Feng C, Huang YT, Tian S, Zhou Y, Cai YT, Ming ZH, Ding GL, Zhu H, Sheng JZ, Jin M, Huang HF. Intrauterine exposure to hyperglycemia retards the development of brown adipose tissue. FASEB J 2019; 33:5425-5439. [PMID: 30759346 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801818r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an exclusive tissue of nonshivering thermogenesis. It is fueled by lipids and glucose and involved in energy and metabolic homeostasis. Intrauterine exposure to hyperglycemia during gestational diabetes mellitus may result in abnormal fetal development and metabolic phenotypes in adulthood. However, whether intrauterine hyperglycemia influences the development of BAT is unknown. In this study, mouse embryos were exposed to the intrauterine hyperglycemia environment by injecting streptozocin into pregnant mice at 1 d post coitum (dpc). The structure of BAT was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis. The glucose uptake in BAT was measured in vivo by [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-micro-positron emission tomography. The gene expression in BAT was determined by real-time PCR, and the 5'-C-phosphate-G-3' site-specific methylation was quantitatively analyzed. Intrauterine hyperglycemia exposure resulted in the impaired structure of BAT and decreased glucose uptake function in BAT in adulthood. The expressions of the genes involved in thermogenesis and mitochondrial respiratory chain in BAT, such as Ucp1, Cox5b, and Elovl3, were down-regulated by intrauterine hyperglycemia exposure at 18.5 dpc and at 16 wk of age. Furthermore, higher methylation levels of Ucp1, Cox5b, and Elovl3 were found in offspring of mothers with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Our results provide the evidence for enduring inhibitory effects of intrauterine hyperglycemia on BAT development in offspring. Intrauterine hyperglycemia is associated with increased DNA methylation of the BAT specific genes in offspring, which support an epigenetic involvement.-Yu, D.-Q., Lv, P.-P., Yan, Y.-S., Xu, G.-X., Sadhukhan, A., Dong, S., Shen, Y., Ren, J., Zhang, X.-Y., Feng, C., Huang, Y.-T., Tian, S., Zhou, Y., Cai, Y.-T., Ming, Z.-H., Ding, G.-L., Zhu, H., Sheng, J.-Z., Jin, M., Huang, H.-F. Intrauterine exposure to hyperglycemia retards the development of brown adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qing Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping-Ping Lv
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Shang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guan-Xin Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Annapurna Sadhukhan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ting Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shen Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ting Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Ming
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Lian Ding
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; and
| | - Min Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zhu Z, Chen X, Xiao Y, Wen J, Chen J, Wang K, Chen G. Gestational diabetes mellitus alters DNA methylation profiles in pancreas of the offspring mice. J Diabetes Complications 2019; 33:15-22. [PMID: 30522793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which has an increasing global prevalence, contributes to the susceptibility to metabolic dysregulation and obesity in the offspring via epigenetic modifications. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely obscure. The current study established a GDM mice model to investigate the alternations in the metabolic phenotypes and genomic DNA methylation in the pancreas of the offspring. We found that in the GDM offspring, intrauterine hyperglycemia induced dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance. Meanwhile, altered DNA methylation patterns were exhibited in the pancreas and many differentially methylated regions (DMRs)-related genes were involved in glycolipids metabolism and related signaling pathways, including Agap2, Plcbr, Hnf1b, Gnas, Fbp2, Cdh13, Wnt2, Kcnq1, Lhcgr, Irx3, etc. Additionally, the overall hypermethylation of Agap2, verified by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP), was negatively correlated with its mRNA expression level. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the DNA methylation changes in the pancreatic genome of the GDM offspring may be associated with the glycolipid metabolism abnormalities, T2DM susceptibility, and obesity in the adult GDM offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangli Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiongfeng Chen
- Department of Scientific Research, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Yiqing Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junping Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- Department of Scientific Research, Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Scientific Research, Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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14
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Hjort L, Martino D, Grunnet LG, Naeem H, Maksimovic J, Olsson AH, Zhang C, Ling C, Olsen SF, Saffery R, Vaag AA. Gestational diabetes and maternal obesity are associated with epigenome-wide methylation changes in children. JCI Insight 2018; 3:122572. [PMID: 30185669 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of developing metabolic disease, potentially mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. We recruited 608 GDM and 626 control offspring from the Danish National Birth Cohort, aged between 9 and 16 years. DNA methylation profiles were measured in peripheral blood of 93 GDM offspring and 95 controls using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Pyrosequencing was performed for validation/replication of putative GDM-associated, differentially methylated CpGs in additional 905 offspring (462 GDM, 444 control offspring). We identified 76 differentially methylated CpGs in GDM offspring compared with controls in the discovery cohort (FDR, P < 0.05). Adjusting for offspring BMI did not affect the association between methylation levels and GDM status for any of the 76 CpGs. Most of these epigenetic changes were due to confounding by maternal prepregnancy BMI; however, 13 methylation changes were independently associated with maternal GDM. Three prepregnancy BMI-associated CpGs (cg00992687 and cg09452568 of ESM1 and cg14328641 of MS4A3) were validated in the replication cohort, while cg09109411 (PDE6A) was found to be associated with GDM status. The identified methylation changes may reflect developmental programming of organ disease mechanisms and/or may serve as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Hjort
- Department of Endocrinology (Diabetes and Metabolism), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - David Martino
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise Groth Grunnet
- Department of Endocrinology (Diabetes and Metabolism), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Haroon Naeem
- Bioinformatics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jovana Maksimovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Bioinformatics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anders Henrik Olsson
- Department of Endocrinology (Diabetes and Metabolism), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Charlotte Ling
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, CRC, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Richard Saffery
- Department of Pediatrics, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allan Arthur Vaag
- Department of Endocrinology (Diabetes and Metabolism), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease (CVMD) Translational Medicine Unit, Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Abraham E, Rousseaux S, Agier L, Giorgis-Allemand L, Tost J, Galineau J, Hulin A, Siroux V, Vaiman D, Charles MA, Heude B, Forhan A, Schwartz J, Chuffart F, Bourova-Flin E, Khochbin S, Slama R, Lepeule J. Pregnancy exposure to atmospheric pollution and meteorological conditions and placental DNA methylation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 118:334-347. [PMID: 29935799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution exposure represents a major health threat to the developing foetus. DNA methylation is one of the most well-known molecular determinants of the epigenetic status of cells. Blood DNA methylation has been proven sensitive to air pollutants, but the molecular impact of air pollution on new-borns has so far received little attention. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM10), temperature and humidity during pregnancy are associated with differences in placental DNA methylation levels. METHODS Whole-genome DNA-methylation was measured using the Illumina's Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in the placenta of 668 newborns from the EDEN cohort. We designed an original strategy using a priori biological information to focus on candidate genes with a specific expression pattern in placenta (active or silent) combined with an agnostic epigenome-wide association study (EWAS). We used robust linear regression to identify CpGs and differentially methylated regions (DMR) associated with each exposure during short- and long-term time-windows. RESULTS The candidate genes approach identified nine CpGs mapping to 9 genes associated with prenatal NO2 and PM10 exposure [false discovery rate (FDR) p < 0.05]. Among these, the methylation level of 2 CpGs located in ADORA2B remained significantly associated with NO2 exposure during the 2nd trimester and whole pregnancy in the EWAS (FDR p < 0.05). EWAS further revealed associations between the environmental exposures under study and variations of DNA methylation of 4 other CpGs. We further identified 27 DMRs significantly (FDR p < 0.05) associated with air pollutants exposure and 13 DMRs with meteorological conditions. CONCLUSIONS The methylation of ADORA2B, a gene whose expression was previously associated with hypoxia and pre-eclampsia, was consistently found here sensitive to atmospheric pollutants. In addition, air pollutants were associated to DMRs pointing towards genes previously implicated in preeclampsia, hypertensive and metabolic disorders. These findings demonstrate that air pollutants exposure at levels commonly experienced in the European population are associated with placental gene methylation and provide some mechanistic insight into some of the reported effects of air pollutants on preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Abraham
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Lydiane Agier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | | | | | - Valérie Siroux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- Genomics, Epigenetics and Physiopathology of Reproduction, Institut Cochin, U1016 Inserm - UMR 8104 CNRS - Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Inserm U1153, Early Origins of Child Health and Development team, Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Paris Descartes University, Villejuif, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Inserm U1153, Early Origins of Child Health and Development team, Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Paris Descartes University, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Forhan
- Inserm U1153, Early Origins of Child Health and Development team, Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Paris Descartes University, Villejuif, France
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Saadi Khochbin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Gentilini D, Somigliana E, Pagliardini L, Rabellotti E, Garagnani P, Bernardinelli L, Papaleo E, Candiani M, Di Blasio AM, Viganò P. Multifactorial analysis of the stochastic epigenetic variability in cord blood confirmed an impact of common behavioral and environmental factors but not of in vitro conception. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:77. [PMID: 29930742 PMCID: PMC5994106 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increased incidence of imprint-associated disorders has been reported in babies born from assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, previous studies supporting an association between ART and an altered DNA methylation status of the conceived babies have been often conducted on a limited number of methylation sites and without correction for critical potential confounders. Moreover, all the previous studies focused on the identification of methylation changes shared among subjects while an evaluation of stochastic differences has never been conducted. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ART and other common behavioral or environmental factors associated with pregnancy on stochastic epigenetic variability using a multivariate approach. Results DNA methylation levels of cord blood from 23 in vitro and 41 naturally conceived children were analyzed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. After multiple testing correction, no statistically significant difference emerged in the number of cord blood stochastic epigenetic variations or in the methylation levels between in vitro- and in vivo-conceived babies. Conversely, four multiple factor analysis dimensions summarizing common phenotypic, behavioral, or environmental factors (cord blood cell composition, pre or post conception supplementation of folates, birth percentiles, gestational age, cesarean section, pre-gestational mother’s weight, parents’ BMI and obesity status, presence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, mother’s smoking status, and season of birth) were significantly associated with stochastic epigenetic variability. The stochastic epigenetic variation analysis allowed the identification of a rare imprinting defect in the locus GNAS in one of the babies belonging to the control population, which would not have emerged using a classical case-control association analysis. Conclusions We confirmed the effect of several common behavioral or environmental factors on the epigenome of newborns and described for the first time an epigenetic effect related to season of birth. Children born after ART did not appear to have an increased risk of genome-wide changes in DNA methylation either at specific loci or randomly scattered throughout the genome. The inability to identify differences between cases and controls suggests that the number of stochastic epigenetic variations potentially induced by ART was not greater than that naturally produced in response to maternal behavior or other common environmental factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0510-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gentilini
- 1Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy.,5Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - E Somigliana
- 2Infertility Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - L Pagliardini
- 3Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - E Rabellotti
- 3Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - P Garagnani
- 4Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Bernardinelli
- 5Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - E Papaleo
- 3Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- 6Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - A M Di Blasio
- 1Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - P Viganò
- 3Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Yang IV, Zhang W, Davidson EJ, Fingerlin TE, Kechris K, Dabelea D. Epigenetic marks of in utero exposure to gestational diabetes and childhood adiposity outcomes: the EPOCH study. Diabet Med 2018; 35:612-620. [PMID: 29461653 PMCID: PMC5991099 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify gestational diabetes mellitus exposure-associated DNA methylation changes and assess whether such changes are also associated with adiposity-related outcomes. METHODS We performed an epigenome-wide association analysis, using Illumina 450k methylation arrays, on whole blood collected, on average, at 10.5 years of age from 81 gestational diabetes-exposed and 81 unexposed offspring enrolled in the EPOCH (Exploring Perinatal Outcomes in Children) study, and on the cord blood of 31 gestational diabetes-exposed and 64 unexposed offspring enrolled in the Colorado Healthy Start cohort. Validation was performed by pyrosequencing. RESULTS We identified 98 differentially methylated positions associated with gestational diabetes exposure at a false discovery rate of <10% in peripheral blood, with 51 loci remaining significant (plus additional 40 loci) after adjustment for cell proportions. We also identified 2195 differentially methylation regions at a false discovery rate of <5% after adjustment for cell proportions. We prioritized loci for pyrosequencing validation and association analysis with adiposity-related outcomes based on strengths of association and effect size, network and pathway analysis, analysis of cord blood, and previous publications. Methylation in six out of nine (67%) gestational diabetes-associated genes was validated and we also showed that methylation of SH3PXD2A was significantly (P<0.05) associated with multiple adiposity-related outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that epigenetic marks may provide an important link between in utero exposure to gestational diabetes and obesity in childhood, and add to the growing body of evidence that DNA methylation is affected by gestational diabetes exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Yang
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - E J Davidson
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | - T E Fingerlin
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - K Kechris
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora
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18
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Dunford AR, Sangster JM. Maternal and paternal periconceptional nutrition as an indicator of offspring metabolic syndrome risk in later life through epigenetic imprinting: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 2:S655-S662. [PMID: 28533070 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This review examined whether maternal and paternal periconceptional nutrition effects an offspring's likelihood of developing chronic metabolic related conditions due to epigenetic imprinting. METHODS A literature search was conducted in multiple science databases and limited to studies published after 2012, in English language and peer reviewed. The data from selected articles were extracted and a qualitative approach was employed due to heterogeneity of results. RESULTS Newborns from obese fathers showed altered methylation overall and significant hypomethylation at the Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) gene. High maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was associated with altered offspring DNA methylation levels and gestational diabetes mellitus induced significantly increased methylation levels in offspring. Gestational weight gain was not associated with differentially methylated cord blood. Birth weight was higher in offspring exposed to famine in early gestation. Offspring born post maternal bariatric surgery showed a lower percentage of body fat and improved fasting insulin levels compared to siblings born pre-maternal bariatric surgery. CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests that poor maternal and paternal periconceptional nutrition can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome in offspring, through epigenetic imprinting. Potential parents should be advised that maintaining a healthy diet and BMI is likely to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Dunford
- Nutrition Program, School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - Janice M Sangster
- Nutrition Program, School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia.
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19
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Wang X, Wan L, Weng X, Xie J, Zhang A, Liu Y, Dong M. Alteration in methylation level at differential methylated regions of MEST and DLK1 in fetus of preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2017; 37:1-8. [PMID: 29157033 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2017.1397689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Offspring born to preeclamptic women are at high risk for metabolic diseases in later life, but the mechanisms are not known. The purposes of the current investigation were to clarify the changes in DNA methylation at MEST and DLK1 DMRs in fetus of preeclampsia and to explore the possible mechanisms behind the high risk of adult diseases in the offspring of preeclampsia. METHODS Fetal lymphocytes were isolated from umbilical cord blood of 78 women with preeclampsia and 95 women with normal pregnancy. Genomic DNA was extracted and then DNA methylation levels of MEST and DLK1 DMRs were determined by MassARRAY quantitative methylation analysis. RESULTS The methylation levels were detected in 20 CpG sites of MEST DMR and 16 sites of DLK1 DMR. Methylation changes were significantly different at CPG1, 3, 4, 7.8, 15, 18.19, and 20 of MEST between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy (P = 0.014, 0.001, <0.001, <0.001, = 0.001, = 0.005, and = 0.003, respectively). Significant differences were also observed at CPG 3 and 9 of DLK1 (P = 0.002 and 0.027, respectively). However, overall methylation at these DMRs were not affected. CONCLUSION We conclude methylation changes at some CpG sites of MEST and DLK DMRs in preeclamptic group. This may be among the mechanisms behind the high risk of adult diseases in the later life of offspring born to preeclamptic pregnancies. ABBREVIATIONS DMR: Differentially Methylated Region; MEST: Mesoderm Specific Transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wang
- a Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University.,b Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital , Ningbo , China
| | - Liuxia Wan
- a Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University
| | - Xiaoling Weng
- a Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University
| | - Jiamin Xie
- a Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University
| | - Aiping Zhang
- c Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yun Liu
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fudan University Shanghai Medical College , Shanghai , China.,e Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College
| | - Minyue Dong
- a Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University
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20
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DNA Methylation Patterns in Cord Blood of Neonates Across Gestational Age: Association With Cell-Type Proportions. Nurs Res 2017; 66:115-122. [PMID: 28125511 PMCID: PMC5345885 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background A statistical methodology is available to estimate the proportion of cell types (cellular heterogeneity) in adult whole blood specimens used in epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS). However, there is no methodology to estimate the proportion of cell types in umbilical cord blood (also a heterogeneous tissue) used in EWAS. Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine whether differences in DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns in umbilical cord blood are the result of blood cell type proportion changes that typically occur across gestational age and to demonstrate the effect of cell type proportion confounding by comparing preterm infants exposed and not exposed to antenatal steroids. Methods We obtained DNAm profiles of cord blood using the Illumina HumanMethylation27k BeadChip array for 385 neonates from the Boston Birth Cohort. We estimated cell type proportions for six cell types using the deconvolution method developed by Houseman et al. (2012). Results The cell type proportion estimates segregated into two groups that were significantly different by gestational age, indicating that gestational age was associated with cell type proportion. Among infants exposed to antenatal steroids, the number of differentially methylated CpGs dropped from 127 to 1 after controlling for cell type proportion. Discussion EWAS utilizing cord blood are confounded by cell type proportion. Careful study design including correction for cell type proportion and interpretation of results of EWAS using cord blood are critical.
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21
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Moen GH, Sommer C, Prasad RB, Sletner L, Groop L, Qvigstad E, Birkeland KI. MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Epigenetic modifications and gestational diabetes: a systematic review of published literature. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:R247-R267. [PMID: 28232369 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the current knowledge on epigenetic alterations in mother and offspring subjected to gestational diabetes (GDM) and indicate future topics for research. DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS We performed extensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE and Google scholar, using a combination of the search terms: GDM, gestational diabetes, epigenetic(s), methylation, histone modification, histone methylation, histone acetylation, microRNA and miRNA. Studies that compared women diagnosed with GDM and healthy controls were included. Two authors independently scanned the abstracts, and all included papers were read by at least two authors. The searches were completed on October 31st, 2016. RESULTS We identified 236 articles, of which 43 were considered relevant for this systematic review. Studies published showed that epigenetic alterations could be found in both mothers with GDM and their offspring. However, differences in methodology, diagnostic criteria for GDM and populations studied, together with a limited number of published studies and small sample sizes, preclude clear conclusions about the role of epigenetic modifications in transmitting risk from GDM mothers to their offspring. CONCLUSION The current research literature suggests that GDM may have impact on epigenetic modifications in the mother and offspring. However, larger studies that include multiple cohorts of GDM patients and their offspring are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunn-Helen Moen
- Department of EndocrinologyMorbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Sommer
- Department of EndocrinologyMorbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical SciencesDiabetes and Endocrinology CRC, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Line Sletner
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescents MedicineAkershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology UnitUniversity of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical SciencesDiabetes and Endocrinology CRC, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine (FIMM)Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Qvigstad
- Department of EndocrinologyMorbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre I Birkeland
- Department of EndocrinologyMorbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Transplantation MedicineOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Chen P, Piaggi P, Traurig M, Bogardus C, Knowler WC, Baier LJ, Hanson RL. Differential methylation of genes in individuals exposed to maternal diabetes in utero. Diabetologia 2017; 60:645-655. [PMID: 28127622 PMCID: PMC7194355 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Individuals exposed to maternal diabetes in utero are more likely to develop metabolic and cardiovascular diseases later in life. This may be partially attributable to epigenetic regulation of gene expression. We performed an epigenome-wide association study to examine whether differential DNA methylation, a major source of epigenetic regulation, can be observed in offspring of mothers with type 2 diabetes during the pregnancy (OMD) compared with offspring of mothers with no diabetes during the pregnancy (OMND). METHODS DNA methylation was measured in peripheral blood using the Illumina HumanMethylation450K BeadChip. A total of 423,311 CpG sites were analysed in 388 Pima Indian individuals, mean age at examination was 13.0 years, 187 of whom were OMD and 201 were OMND. Differences in methylation between OMD and OMND were assessed. RESULTS Forty-eight differentially methylated CpG sites (with an empirical false discovery rate ≤0.05), mapping to 29 genes and ten intergenic regions, were identified. The gene with the strongest evidence was LHX3, in which six CpG sites were hypermethylated in OMD compared with OMND (p ≤ 1.1 × 10-5). Similarly, a CpG near PRDM16 was hypermethylated in OMD (1.1% higher, p = 5.6 × 10-7), where hypermethylation also predicted future diabetes risk (HR 2.12 per SD methylation increase, p = 9.7 × 10-5). Hypermethylation near AK3 and hypomethylation at PCDHGA4 and STC1 were associated with exposure to diabetes in utero (AK3: 2.5% higher, p = 7.8 × 10-6; PCDHGA4: 2.8% lower, p = 3.0 × 10-5; STC1: 2.9% lower, p = 1.6 × 10-5) and decreased insulin secretory function among offspring with normal glucose tolerance (AK3: 0.088 SD lower per SD of methylation increase, p = 0.02; PCDHGA4: 0.08 lower SD per SD of methylation decrease, p = 0.03; STC1: 0.072 SD lower per SD of methylation decrease, p = 0.05). Seventeen CpG sites were also associated with BMI (p ≤ 0.05). Pathway analysis of the genes with at least one differentially methylated CpG (p < 0.005) showed enrichment for three relevant biological pathways. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Intrauterine exposure to diabetes can affect methylation at multiple genomic sites. Methylation status at some of these sites can impair insulin secretion, increase body weight and increase risk of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Michael Traurig
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Clifton Bogardus
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E. Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA.
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Schenkel LC, Rodenhiser D, Siu V, McCready E, Ainsworth P, Sadikovic B. Constitutional Epi/Genetic Conditions: Genetic, Epigenetic, and Environmental Factors. J Pediatr Genet 2017; 6:30-41. [PMID: 28180025 PMCID: PMC5288004 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are more than 4,000 phenotypes for which the molecular basis is at least partly known. Though defects in primary DNA structure constitute a major cause of these disorders, epigenetic disruption is emerging as an important alternative mechanism in the etiology of a broad range of congenital and developmental conditions. These include epigenetic defects caused by either localized (in cis) genetic alterations or more distant (in trans) genetic events but can also include environmental effects. Emerging evidence suggests interplay between genetic and environmental factors in the epigenetic etiology of several constitutional "epi/genetic" conditions. This review summarizes our broadening understanding of how epigenetics contributes to pediatric disease by exploring different classes of epigenomic disorders. It further challenges the simplistic dogma of "DNA encodes RNA encodes protein" to best understand the spectrum of factors that can influence genetic traits in a pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila C. Schenkel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Rodenhiser
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Siu
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth McCready
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Ainsworth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Ghassabian A, Sundaram R, Wylie A, Bell E, Bello SC, Yeung E. Maternal medical conditions during pregnancy and gross motor development up to age 24 months in the Upstate KIDS study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2016; 58:728-34. [PMID: 26502927 PMCID: PMC4846588 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM We examined whether children of mothers with a medical condition diagnosed before or during pregnancy took longer to achieve gross motor milestones up to age 24 months. METHOD We obtained information on medical conditions using self-reports, birth certificates, and hospital records in 4909 mothers participating in Upstate KIDS, a population-based birth cohort. Mothers reported on their children's motor milestone achievement at 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. RESULTS After adjustment for covariates (including pre-pregnancy body mass index), children of mothers with gestational diabetes took longer to achieve sitting without support (hazard ratio [HR]=0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75-0.93), walking with assistance (HR=0.88, 95% CI 0.77-0.98), and walking alone (HR=0.88, 95% CI 0.77-0.99) than children of females with no gestational diabetes. Similar findings emerged for maternal diabetes. Gestational hypertension was associated with a longer time to achieve walking with assistance. These associations did not change after adjustment for gestational age or birthweight. Severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were related to a longer time to achieve milestones, but not after adjustment for perinatal factors. INTERPRETATION Children exposed to maternal diabetes, gestational or pre-gestational, may take longer to achieve motor milestones than non-exposed children, independent of maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhgar Ghassabian
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health
Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural
Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Wylie
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health
Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erin Bell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany
School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at
Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Scott C. Bello
- Developmental Pediatrician, CapitalCare Pediatrics-Troy, Troy,
NY, USA
| | - Edwina Yeung
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health
Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Sun M, Song MM, Wei B, Gao Q, Li L, Yao B, Chen L, Lin L, Dai Q, Zhou X, Tao J, Chen J, He C, Jin P, Xu Z. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine-mediated alteration of transposon activity associated with the exposure to adverse in utero environments in human. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:2208-2219. [PMID: 27005421 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are the most common clinical conditions in pregnancy that could result in adverse in utero environments. Fetal exposure to poor environments may raise the long-term risk of postnatal disorders, while epigenetic modifications could be involved. Recent research has implicated involvement of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a DNA base derived from 5-methylcytosine, via oxidation by ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, in DNA methylation-related plasticity. Here, we show that the TET2 expression and 5hmC abundance are significantly altered in the umbilical veins of GDM and preeclampsia. Genome-wide profiling of 5hmC revealed its specific reduction on intragenic regions from both GDM and preeclampsia compared to healthy controls. Gene Ontology analysis using loci bearing unique GDM- and preeclampsia-specific loss-of-5hmC indicated its impact on several critical biological pathways. Interestingly, the substantial alteration of 5hmC on several transposons and repetitive elements led to their differential expression. The alteration of TET expression, 5hmC levels and 5hmC-mediated transposon activity was further confirmed using established hypoxia cell culture model, which could be rescued by vitamin C, a known activator of TET proteins. Together, these results suggest that adverse pregnancy environments could influence 5hmC-mediated epigenetic profile and contribute to abnormal development of fetal vascular systems that may lead to postnatal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Mingxi M Song
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Bin Wei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Qing Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jianying Tao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu 215006, China
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26
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Su R, Wang C, Feng H, Lin L, Liu X, Wei Y, Yang H. Alteration in Expression and Methylation of IGF2/H19 in Placenta and Umbilical Cord Blood Are Associated with Macrosomia Exposed to Intrauterine Hyperglycemia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148399. [PMID: 26840070 PMCID: PMC4739655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Macrosomia is one of the most common complications in gestational diabetes mellitus. Insulin-like growth factor 2 and H19 are two of the imprinted candidate genes that are involved in fetal growth and development. Change in methylation at differentially methylated region of the insulin-like growth factor 2 and H19 has been proved to be an early event related to the programming of metabolic profile, including macrosomia and small for gestational age in offspring. Here we hypothesize that alteration in methylation at differentially methylated region of the insulin-like growth factor 2 and H19 is associated with macrosomia induced by intrauterine hyperglycemia. Results The expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 is significant higher in gestational diabetes mellitus group (GDM group) compared to normal glucose tolerance group (NGT group) both in umbilical cord blood and placenta, while the expression of H19 is significant lower in GDM group in umbilical cord blood. The expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 is significant higher in normal glucose tolerance with macrosomia group (NGT-M) compared to normal glucose tolerance with normal birthweight group (NGT-NBW group) both in placenta and umbilical cord blood. A model with interaction term of gene expression of IGF2 and H19 found that IGF2 and the joint action of IGF2 and H19 in placenta showed significantly relationship with GDM/NGT and GDM-NBW/NGT-NBW. A borderline significant association was seen among IGF2 and H19 in cord blood and GDM-M/NGT-M. The methylation level at different CpG sites of insulin-like growth factor 2 and H19 in umbilical cord blood was also significantly different among groups. Based on the multivariable linear regression analysis, the methylation of the insulin-like growth factor 2 / H19 is closely related to birth weight and intrauterine hyperglycemia. Conclusions We confirmed the existence of alteration in DNA methylation in umbilical cord blood exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia and reported a functional role in regulating gene associated with insulin-like growth factor 2/H19. Both of these might be the underlying pathogenesis of macrosomia. We also provided the evidence of strong associations between methylation of insulin-like growth factor 2/H19 and macrosomia induced by intrauterine hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yumei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HXY); (YMW)
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HXY); (YMW)
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27
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Baz B, Riveline JP, Gautier JF. ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PREGNANCY: Gestational diabetes mellitus: definition, aetiological and clinical aspects. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:R43-51. [PMID: 26431552 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is defined as a glucose intolerance resulting in hyperglycaemia of variable severity with onset during pregnancy. This review aims to revisit the pathogenesis and aetiology of GDM in order to better understand its clinical presentation and outcomes. During normal pregnancy, insulin sensitivity declines with advancing gestation. These modifications are due to placental factors, progesterone and estrogen. In a physiological situation, a compensatory increase in insulin secretion maintains a normal glucose homeostasis. GDM occurs if pancreatic β-cells are unable to face the increased insulin demand during pregnancy. GDM is most commonly a forerunner of type 2 diabetes (T2D) - the most prevalent form of diabetes. These women share similar characteristics with predisposed subjects to T2D: insulin resistance before and after pregnancy, and carry more T2D risk alleles. Auto-immune and monogenic diabetes are more rare aetiologies of GDM. Adverse pregnancy outcomes of GDM are mainly related to macrosomia caused by fetal hyperinsulinism in response to high glucose levels coming from maternal hyperglycaemia. Screening recommendations and diagnosis criteria of GDM have been recently updated. High risk patients should be screened as early as possible using fasting plasma glucose, and if normal, at 24-28 weeks of gestation using 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The treatment of GDM is based on education with trained nurses and dieticians, and if necessary insulin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baz Baz
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU FIRE, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris-Diderot University - Paris 7, 2, Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Riveline
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU FIRE, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris-Diderot University - Paris 7, 2, Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU FIRE, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris-Diderot University - Paris 7, 2, Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010 Paris, France
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28
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Schenkel LC, Rodenhiser DI, Ainsworth PJ, Paré G, Sadikovic B. DNA methylation analysis in constitutional disorders: Clinical implications of the epigenome. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2016; 53:147-65. [PMID: 26758403 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1113496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Genomic, chromosomal, and gene-specific changes in the DNA sequence underpin both phenotypic variations in populations as well as disease associations, and the application of genomic technologies for the identification of constitutional (inherited) or somatic (acquired) alterations in DNA sequence forms a cornerstone of clinical and molecular genetics. In addition to the disruption of primary DNA sequence, the modulation of DNA function by epigenetic phenomena, in particular by DNA methylation, has long been known to play a role in the regulation of gene expression and consequent pathogenesis. However, these epigenetic factors have been identified only in a handful of pediatric conditions, including imprinting disorders. Technological advances in the past decade that have revolutionized clinical genomics are now rapidly being applied to the emerging discipline of clinical epigenomics. Here, we present an overview of epigenetic mechanisms with a focus on DNA modifications, including the molecular mechanisms of DNA methylation and subtypes of DNA modifications, and we describe the classic and emerging genomic technologies that are being applied to this study. This review focuses primarily on constitutional epigenomic conditions associated with a spectrum of developmental and intellectual disabilities. Epigenomic disorders are discussed in the context of global genomic disorders, imprinting disorders, and single gene disorders. We include a section focused on integration of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms together with their effect on clinical phenotypes. Finally, we summarize emerging epigenomic technologies and their impact on diagnostic aspects of constitutional genetic and epigenetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David I Rodenhiser
- b Departments of Biochemistry , Oncology and Paediatrics, Western University , London , ON , Canada .,c London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada .,e Children's Health Research Institute , London , ON , Canada
| | - Peter J Ainsworth
- a Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine .,b Departments of Biochemistry , Oncology and Paediatrics, Western University , London , ON , Canada .,c London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada .,d Molecular Genetics Laboratory, London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada .,e Children's Health Research Institute , London , ON , Canada
| | - Guillaume Paré
- f Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine , and.,g Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics , McMaster University , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- a Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine .,c London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada .,d Molecular Genetics Laboratory, London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada .,e Children's Health Research Institute , London , ON , Canada
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29
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Demura M, Saijoh K. The Role of DNA Methylation in Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 956:583-598. [PMID: 27888489 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is the covalent modification of DNA that affects its function, without altering DNA sequences. Three important roles of DNA methylation include intrauterine programming, acquired predisposition, and transgenerational inheritance. A wide variety of factors can affect DNA methylation. Intrauterine programming involves drastic changes in DNA methylation patterns during cellular development and differentiation, which have a long-lasting effect on the predisposition of offspring. Influences from the mother, including maternal nutritional status, modify intrauterine epigenetic programming. In contrast to the rapid and drastic changes in utero, postnatal factors in daily life can also continue to slowly and dynamically change DNA methylation patterns in both somatic and germ cells. Epigenetic changes occurring in germ cell DNA exert a transgenerational impact on the phenotype of future generations, thus providing a means for ancestral transmission of environmental experiences. Despite adaptive ability, mismatch effect of transgenerational inheritance could be potentially harmful to health if environment has changed, and the acquired acclimatization is no longer beneficial. Increasing evidence from both human and animal studies indicates that DNA methylation exerts a causal impact on the development of hypertension. Therefore, an adverse outcome of maternal malnutrition could be the development of hypertension in offspring, whereby nutritional factors or disease conditions could induce phenotypes susceptible to hypertension through alteration of DNA methylation patterns. These factors are likely to alter DNA methylation patterns in all tissues including germ cells, and despite no direct evidence of an association between transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and hypertension, it is likely to play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Demura
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Kiyofumi Saijoh
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
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30
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Vangeel EB, Izzi B, Hompes T, Vansteelandt K, Lambrechts D, Freson K, Claes S. DNA methylation in imprinted genesIGF2andGNASXLis associated with prenatal maternal stress. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2015; 14:573-82. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. B. Vangeel
- Genetic Research about Stress and Psychiatry (GRASP), Department of Neurosciences; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (CMVB), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - B. Izzi
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (CMVB), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - T. Hompes
- Genetic Research about Stress and Psychiatry (GRASP), Department of Neurosciences; Leuven Belgium
- University Psychiatric Center, University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - K. Vansteelandt
- University Psychiatric Center, University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - D. Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB; Leuven Belgium
| | - K. Freson
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology (CMVB), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - S. Claes
- Genetic Research about Stress and Psychiatry (GRASP), Department of Neurosciences; Leuven Belgium
- University Psychiatric Center, University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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