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Saaka SA, Mohammed K, K. A. Pienaah C, Luginaah I. Child malaria vaccine uptake in Ghana: Factors influencing parents' willingness to allow vaccination of their children under five (5) years. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296934. [PMID: 38241404 PMCID: PMC10798622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a substantial health burden in Ghana, particularly among children. Despite the availability of malaria vaccines, uptake remains low. Notwithstanding, there is a paucity of nationally representative studies on the factors driving hesitance towards the new malaria vaccine. In response, this study, guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviors (TPB), seeks to understand the determinants of child malaria vaccine uptake in Ghana to inform strategies for improving coverage. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed multiple regression model to examine the association between maternal awareness, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, geographical location, and vaccine uptake using data from the 2019 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). RESULTS Maternal awareness of vaccine (OR = 2.200; P<0.01) significantly predicted higher likelihood of vaccine uptake. Household wealth was associated with child vaccination as parents in middle-income households (OR = 9.342; P<0.01), and those in poorest households (OR = 9.409; P<0.05) recorded higher likelihood of allowing their children to be vaccinated. With regards to ethnicity, parents from the Mande ethnic group (OR = 0.106; P<0.05) were less likely to allow their children to be vaccinated when compared to parents from the Akan ethnic group. Knowing that malaria is covered by National Health Insurance (OR = 2.407; P<0.05) was associated with higher likelihood of allowing child vaccination compared to not knowing. More so, geographical variations were observed as parents who lived in rural areas (OR = 0.254; P<0.05) were significantly less likely to allow vaccination of their children compared to those in urban areas. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing awareness through education campaigns can improve child malaria vaccine coverage. Observing socioeconomic disparities in uptake and ensuring equitable access to vaccines are vital. Tailored strategies considering ethnic background and geographical location, can as well enhance acceptance of the vaccine. This study provides valuable insights for developing effective strategies to reduce the burden of malaria in children and improve coverage of uptake. This study underscores the need to improve parental awareness and the relevance of the vaccine in preventing child mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulemana Ansumah Saaka
- Department of Geography and Environment, Faculty of Social Science, University of Western, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kamaldeen Mohammed
- Department of Geography and Environment, Faculty of Social Science, University of Western, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cornelius K. A. Pienaah
- Department of Geography and Environment, Faculty of Social Science, University of Western, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isaac Luginaah
- Department of Geography and Environment, Faculty of Social Science, University of Western, London, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Wilson K, Wilson LA, Rusk KT, Henry JL, Denize KM, Hsu AT, Sveistrup H. Digital Immunization Tracking in Long-Term Care and Assisted Living Facilities. Can J Aging 2023; 42:516-519. [PMID: 36794367 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980822000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A disproportionate share of the health impacts of COVID-19 has been borne by older adults, particularly those in long-term care facilities (LTCs). Vaccination has been critical to efforts to combat this issue, but as we begin to emerge from this pandemic, questions remain about how to protect the health of residents of LTC and assisted living facilities proactively in order to prevent such a disaster from occurring again. Vaccination, not just against COVID-19, but also against other vaccine-preventable illness, will be a key component of this effort. However, there are currently substantial gaps in the uptake of vaccines recommended for older adults. Technology offers an opportunity to assist in filling these vaccination gaps. Our experiences in Fredericton, New Brunswick suggest that a digital immunization solution would facilitate better uptake of adult vaccines for older adults in assisted and independent living facilities and would help policy and decision makers to identify coverage gaps and develop interventions to protect these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumanan Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CANImmunize Labs, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kelsey T Rusk
- Centre for Innovation and Research in Aging, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Justine L Henry
- Centre for Innovation and Research in Aging, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Amy T Hsu
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heidi Sveistrup
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Storch J, Meissner F, Böde M, Kwetkat A, Pletz MW, Freytag A. [Once vaccinated, always vaccinated? A claims data analysis on repeated influenza vaccinations among individuals aged ≥ 60 years]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023; 66:953-961. [PMID: 37291252 PMCID: PMC10249936 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Standing Committee on Vaccination recommends the seasonal influenza vaccination as a standard vaccination for individuals aged ≥ 60 years and as an indication vaccination independent of age. Empirical data on repeated vaccination are not available for Germany. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the frequency and influencing factors of repeated vaccinations. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal retrospective observational study with claims data from ≥ 60‑year-olds insured with the statutory health insurance AOK Plus in Thuringia between 2012 and 2018. The number of seasons with influenza vaccination was described and the association with various individual characteristics was analysed in a regression model. RESULTS Included were 103,163 individuals with at least one influenza vaccination in the 2014/2015 season, of whom 75.3% had been vaccinated in ≥ 6 of 7 seasons. We found repeated vaccinations more frequently among nursing home residents (rate ratio (RR) 1.27), individuals with increased health risk due to underlying diseases (RR 1.21) and higher age groups (vs. 60-69 years: RR 1.17-1.25). With each additional year of participating in a disease management program, the number of vaccinations increased (RR 1.03). Women (RR 0.91), individuals with nursing care level 1 (vs. no nursing care level: RR 0.90) and people with a comorbidity (vs. no comorbidity: RR 0.97) were less likely to receive repeated vaccinations. DISCUSSION A large proportion of individuals aged ≥ 60 years who have been vaccinated against influenza once is likely to repeatedly receive vaccinations. In accordance with vaccination recommendations, nursing home residents and in particular individuals with an increased health risk are vaccinated repeatedly. General practitioners play a central role: non-acute patient contacts should be used to offer vaccinations, especially to women and individuals in need of care who are living at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Storch
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Bachstr. 18, 07743, Jena, Deutschland.
- Internationale Graduierten Akademie, Medizinische Fakultät, Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
| | - Franziska Meissner
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Bachstr. 18, 07743, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Monique Böde
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Bachstr. 18, 07743, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Anja Kwetkat
- Klinik für Geriatrie und Palliativmedizin, Klinikum Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Infektionsmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Antje Freytag
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Bachstr. 18, 07743, Jena, Deutschland
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4
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Bae S, Kim H. [The Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the 5C Psychological Antecedents of Vaccination Scale]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2023; 53:324-339. [PMID: 37435763 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.23021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to valuate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the 5C Psychological Antecedents of Vaccination (K-5C) scale. METHODS The English version of the 5C scale was translated into Korean, following the World Health Organization guidelines. Data were collected from 316 community-dwelling adults. Content validity was evaluated using the content validity index, while construct validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was examined by assessing the correlation with vaccination attitude, and concurrent validity was evaluated by examining the association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination status. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were also evaluated. RESULTS Content validity results indicated an item-level content validity index ranging from .83 to 1, and scale-level content validity index, averaging method was .95. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the fit of the measurement model, comprising a five-factor structure with a 15-item questionnaire (RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .05, CFI = .97, TLI = .96). Convergent validity was acceptable with a significant correlation between each sub-scale of the 5C scale and vaccination attitude. In concurrent validity evaluation, confidence, constraints, and collective responsibility of the 5C scale were significant independent predictors of the current COVID-19 vaccination status. Cronbach's alpha for each subscale ranged from .78 to .88, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for each subscale ranged from .67 to .89. CONCLUSION The Korean version of the 5C scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess the psychological antecedents of vaccination among Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuYeon Bae
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - HeeJu Kim
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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5
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Sharma B, Racey CS, Booth A, Albert A, Smith LW, Gottschlich A, Goldfarb DM, Murray MC, Galea LA, Kaida A, Brotto LA, Sadarangani M, Ogilvie GS. Characterizing intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among the general population in British Columbia based on their future intentions towards the seasonal influenza vaccine. Vaccine X 2022; 12:100208. [PMID: 35996447 PMCID: PMC9387116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study assessed the relationship between intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and intention to receive a seasonal influenza vaccine, as well as how intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine has changed during the pandemic. Methods Residents of British Columbia aged 25–69 years were invited to complete an online cross-sectional survey from August 2020 - March 2021. Mixed-effects logistic regression models assessed the relationship between intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and intention to receive the seasonal influenza vaccine. A generalized additive mixed model was used to investigate changes in COVID-19 vaccine intention during the pandemic (August 2020–March 2021). The relationship between intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and retrospective overall perceived value of vaccines prior to and during the pandemic was also considered. Results Of 6,333 participants, 80.2 % of participants were ‘somewhat or very likely’ to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and 69 % of participants reported intending to receive a seasonal influenza vaccine. In multivariable modeling, intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine was strongly associated with intention to receive a seasonal influenza vaccine (aOR = 4.25, 95 %CI 3.33–5.43). Intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine increased over the study period (p < 0.0001), with the largest increase coinciding with the announcement of forthcoming approvals of COVID-19 vaccines in November 2020 (aOR = 1.45, 95 %CI 1.11–1.91). Conclusion Intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was associated seasonal influenza vaccine intention, which is an important relationship to measure for implementation and future planning of COVID-19 booster doses. We found an increase in the intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine after public announcements of forthcoming vaccine approval, which highlights the importance of ongoing monitoring and reporting of vaccine uptake, and the potential impact of emerging vaccine safety and efficacy information may have on vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Sharma
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - C. Sarai Racey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Amy Booth
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
| | - Arianne Albert
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
| | - Laurie W. Smith
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, 675 W 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Anna Gottschlich
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
| | - David M. Goldfarb
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s and Women’s Health Centre, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Melanie C.M. Murray
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
| | - Liisa A.M. Galea
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowifaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Angela Kaida
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Lori A. Brotto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 938 W 28th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Vaccine Evaluation Centre, 950 W 28th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Gina S. Ogilvie
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Provincial Health Services Authority, 655 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4R4, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 2N9, Canada
- Corresponding author at: 4500 Oak Street, BC Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC.
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6
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Schmid P, Betsch C. Benefits and Pitfalls of Debunking Interventions to Counter mRNA Vaccination Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic. SCIENCE COMMUNICATION 2022; 44:531-558. [PMID: 38603361 PMCID: PMC9574536 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221129608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Misinformation about mRNA vaccination is a barrier in the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, authorities often rely on text-based refutations as a countermeasure. In two experiments (N = 2,444), text-based refutations effectively reduced the belief in misinformation and immunized participants against the impact of a misleading social media post. However, a follow-up (N = 817) questions the longevity of these debunking and prebunking effects. Moreover, the studies reveal potential pitfalls by showing a row of unintended effects of the refutations (lacking effect on intentions, backfire-effects among religious groups, and biased judgments when omitting information about vaccine side effects).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schmid
- University of Erfurt, Germany
- Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical
Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Betsch
- University of Erfurt, Germany
- Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical
Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Jung YJ, Gagneux-Brunon A, Bonneton M, Botelho-Nevers E, Verger P, Ward JK, Launay O. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among French population aged 65 years and older: results from a national online survey. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:637. [PMID: 35918635 PMCID: PMC9344255 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In France, the increase in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among older adults slowed down between May and June 2021. Using the data from a national survey, we aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake among French residents aged 65 years and older, particularly at risk of severe form of the infection, and identify factors associated with non-vaccination. Methods A cross-sectional online survey collected the immunization status/intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine, reasons for vaccination/non-vaccination and factors potentially associated with vaccine uptake between May 10 and 23, 2021 among a large sample of French residents. Characteristics of participants were compared according to immunization status. Factors potentially associated with non-vaccination were computed into a multivariate logistic regression. Results Among the 1941 survey participants, 1612 (83%) reported having received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Among the 329 unvaccinated, 197 (60%) declared having the intention to get vaccinated. Younger age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–2.14), thinking previously having COVID-19 (aOR = 4.01; 95% CI, 2.17–7.40), having suffered economic impact due to the pandemic (aOR = 2.63; 95% CI, 1.71–4.04), reporting an “unsafe” opinion about COVID-19 vaccine safety (aOR = 6.79; 95% CI, 4.50–10.26), reporting an “unsupportive” opinion about vaccination in general (aOR = 4.24; 95% CI, 2.77–6.49) were independent risk factors for non-vaccination. On the other hand, trust in COVID-19 vaccine information delivered by the doctor (aOR = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16–0.48) and trust in the government’s actions (aOR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.34–0.74) were independent protective factors for non-vaccination. Political affiliation also remained significantly associated with vaccine uptake. Conclusions Despite high overall COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the study participants, differences in vaccine uptake according to the level of concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety, socioeconomic profile and trust in the government were observed. Our results reinforce the importance of “reaching out” vaccination strategy that specifically targets the most vulnerable fringe of older adult population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03338-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Jung
- Université de Paris, Inserm, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC) 1417, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, CIC Cochin-Pasteur, Hôpital Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris, France.
| | - Amandine Gagneux-Brunon
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U111, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 530, Lyon, France.,Inserm, CIC 1408 Vaccinologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Chaire PREVACCI, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France.,Inserm, F-CRIN, I-REIVAC/COVIREIVAC, Paris, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U111, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 530, Lyon, France.,Inserm, CIC 1408 Vaccinologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Chaire PREVACCI, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France.,Inserm, F-CRIN, I-REIVAC/COVIREIVAC, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Verger
- Inserm, F-CRIN, I-REIVAC/COVIREIVAC, Paris, France.,Observatoire Régional de la Santé (ORS) - Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France.,VITROME (Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées), Marseille, France
| | - Jeremy K Ward
- VITROME (Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées), Marseille, France.,CERMES3 (Inserm, CNRS, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Université de Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Odile Launay
- Université de Paris, Inserm, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC) 1417, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, CIC Cochin-Pasteur, Hôpital Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris, France.,Inserm, F-CRIN, I-REIVAC/COVIREIVAC, Paris, France
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Reinhardt A, Rossmann C, Engel E. Radio public service announcements to promote vaccinations for older adults: Effects of framing and distraction. Vaccine 2022; 40:4864-4871. [PMID: 35810061 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This article investigates the effects of message framing and distraction on older adults' responses to a radio public service announcement (PSA) to promote influenza and pneumococci vaccinations. In detail, it addresses the message impact on recognition, attitudes toward the ad, and information-seeking intentions. The 2 × 2 online experiment was conducted in August 2019 in Germany. 378 participants aged 60 years and above received a radio PSA with either gain- or loss-framed messages (factor 1). Additionally, half of the participants completed a distraction task while listening (factor 2). Gain frames (η2p =.02) and a non-distracted reception situation (η2p =.04) positively influenced older adults' recognition accuracy. Recognition, in turn, was found to mediate the effect of framing and distraction on the intention to seek further information on the campaign (framing: b = -0.03, distraction: b = 0.05). We conclude that gain-framed radio PSAs are an appropriate tool to raise awareness for a vaccination campaign and its contents, especially when recipients are concentrated while listening to it. We suggest to implement them at the early stages of a health intervention to sensitize people about vaccination, followed by more in-depth information material (e.g., brochures) to create behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Reinhardt
- Department of Communication, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 29, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Constanze Rossmann
- Department of Media and Communication, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Oettingenstrasse 67, 80538 Munich, Germany.
| | - Elena Engel
- Department of Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Nordhaeuser Strasse 63, 99089 Erfurt, Germany.
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9
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Storch J, Fleischmann-Struzek C, Rose N, Lehmann T, Mikolajetz A, Maddela S, Pletz MW, Forstner C, Wichmann O, Neufeind J, Vogel M, Reinhart K, Vollmar HC, Freytag A. The effect of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in the elderly on health service utilisation and costs: a claims data-based cohort study. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2022; 23:67-80. [PMID: 34283323 PMCID: PMC8882088 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-021-01343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, cost-effectiveness of influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations was assumed in several health economic modelling studies, but confirmation by real-world data is sparse. The aim of this study is to assess the effects on health care utilisation and costs in the elderly using real-world data on both, outpatient and inpatient care. METHODS Retrospective community-based cohort study with 138,877 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, insured in a large health insurance fund in Thuringia (Germany). We assessed health care utilisation and costs due to influenza- or pneumococcal-associated diseases, respiratory infections, and sepsis in 2015 and 2016. Individuals were classified into four groups according to their vaccination status from 2008 to 2016 (none, both, or either only influenza or pneumococcal vaccination). Inverse probability weighting based on 236 pre-treatment covariates was used to adjust for potential indication and healthy vaccinee bias. RESULTS Influenza vaccination appeared as cost-saving in 2016, with lower disease-related health care costs of - €178.87 [95% CI - €240.03;- €117.17] per individual (2015: - €50.02 [95% CI - €115.48;€15.44]). Cost-savings mainly resulted from hospital inpatient care, whereas higher costs occurred for outpatient care. Overall cost savings of pneumococcal vaccination were not statistically significant in both years, but disease-related outpatient care costs were lower in pneumococci-vaccinated individuals in 2015 [- €9.43; 95% CI - €17.56;- €1.30] and 2016 [- €12.93; 95% CI - €25.37;- €0.48]. Although we used complex adjustment, residual bias cannot be completely ruled out. CONCLUSION Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in the elderly can be cost-saving in selective seasons and health care divisions. As cost effects vary, interpretation of findings is partly challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Storch
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
- International Graduate Academy, Medical Faculty, Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Norman Rose
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Lehmann
- Center for Clinical Studies, Jena University Hospital, Salvador-Allende-Platz 27, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Mikolajetz
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Germany
| | - Srikanth Maddela
- Center for Clinical Studies, Jena University Hospital, Salvador-Allende-Platz 27, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Forstner
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel, 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ole Wichmann
- Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Neufeind
- Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monique Vogel
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinhart
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, BIH Visiting Professor/Charité Foundation, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Horst Christian Vollmar
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Antje Freytag
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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10
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Morales-García WC, Huancahuire-Vega S, Saintila J, Ruiz Mamani PG. Validity and Reliability of a Brief Scale of Intention to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in a Peruvian Sample. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221075407. [PMID: 35373648 PMCID: PMC8984846 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221075407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of a brief scale measuring intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in a Peruvian sample in the context of the current pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional and instrumental study was carried out. A total of 547 Peruvian citizens selected through non-probability convenience sampling participated. Considering existing theories of vaccination hesitancy, 12 items were proposed that evaluate the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 and the internal structure was evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was analyzed with the ordinal alpha coefficient. RESULTS The exploratory factor analysis yielded a structure of 2 oblique factors that explain 69% of the total variance and the items saturated between 0.52 and 0.97. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that, of 4 models analyzed, the fourth model that was composed of 6 items presented optimal indices of goodness-of-fit (X2 = 11.089, P = .197, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.999, RMSEA = 0.034 [IC 90%, 0.000-0.077], SRMR = 0.016). Reliability analysis through the ordinal alpha coefficient yielded that the brief scale of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 has adequate internal consistency (α = .91). CONCLUSIONS The brief scale of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 presents adequate psychometric properties that demonstrate validity and reliability and can be used in future research and clinical practice.
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11
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Gallant AJ, Nicholls LAB, Rasmussen S, Cogan N, Young D, Williams L. Changes in attitudes to vaccination as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of older adults in the UK. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261844. [PMID: 34941951 PMCID: PMC8699689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has brought an unprecedented focus on public attitudes to vaccines, with intention to accept a COVID-19 vaccine fluctuating during the pandemic. However, it is unclear how the pandemic may influence attitudes and behaviour in relation to vaccines in general. The aim of the current study is to examine older adults' changes in vaccination attitudes and behaviour over the first year of the pandemic. METHODS In February-March 2020 (before the first COVID-19 national lockdown in the UK), 372 older adults (aged 65+) provided sociodemographic information, self-reported influenza vaccine uptake, and completed two measures of vaccination attitudes: the 5C scale and the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale. One-year later, following rollout of COVID-19 vaccines to older adults, participants provided information on their COVID-19 and influenza vaccine uptake in the previous 12 months, and completed the 5C and VAX scales again. Paired samples t-tests were used to examine changes in vaccination attitudes over time. RESULTS Almost all participants (98.7%) had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, and a significant increase in influenza uptake was identified (83.6% in 2020 to 91.6% in 2021). Complacency, mistrust of vaccine benefit, concerns about commercial profiteering, and constraints to vaccination had significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2, and collective responsibility had significant increased. However, calculation and worries about unforeseen future effects had increased, indicating that participants now perceived higher risks related to vaccination and were taking a more deliberative information-seeking approach. CONCLUSION The results show significant changes in vaccination attitudes across the pandemic. These changes suggest that while older adults became less complacent about the importance of vaccines, concerns about potential risks associated with vaccination increased. It will be important for public health communication to address these concerns for all vaccines offered to this group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise A. Brown Nicholls
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Rasmussen
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Cogan
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - David Young
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Williams
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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12
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Machida M, Nakamura I, Kojima T, Saito R, Nakaya T, Hanibuchi T, Takamiya T, Odagiri Y, Fukushima N, Kikuchi H, Amagasa S, Watanabe H, Inoue S. Trends in COVID-19 vaccination intent from pre- to post-COVID-19 vaccine distribution and their associations with the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination by sex and age in Japan. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3954-3962. [PMID: 34723753 PMCID: PMC8828139 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1968217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is widespread during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many recent studies have reported that the confidence of the vaccination and perceived risk were associated with vaccination intent, yet few studies have focused on other psychological factors. This study aimed to clarify the trends in COVID-19 vaccination intent and to identify the association between the 5C psychological antecedents and COVID-19 vaccination intent by sex and age in Japan. This was a longitudinal study conducted through an Internet-based survey from January 2021 to April 2021 before and after vaccine distribution in Japan, including 2,655 participants recruited by quota sampling. Participants were asked to indicate how likely they were to get vaccinated against COVID-19. In the second survey, the participants responded to questions regarding the 5C psychological antecedents: confidence, complacency, constraints (structural and psychological barriers), calculation (engagement in extensive information searching), and collective responsibility (willingness to protect others). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to clarify the association between the 5C psychological antecedents and COVID-19 vaccination intent in the second wave survey. COVID-19 vaccination intent improved from 62.1% to 72.4% after vaccine distribution, but no significant difference was found in young men. Confidence and collective responsibility were positively associated with vaccination intent, and calculation was negatively associated among all generations. COVID-19 vaccination intent may be affected not only by confidence and constraints but also by calculation and collective responsibility, and further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Machida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Nakamura
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Kojima
- Department of International Medical Communications, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Saito
- Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hanibuchi
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takamiya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Odagiri
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Fukushima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Amagasa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Watanabe
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Al-Hanawi MK, Alshareef N, El-Sokkary RH. Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination among Older Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Survey. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1257. [PMID: 34835188 PMCID: PMC8621281 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the factors driving vaccine hesitancy can improve vaccine attitudes and motivate individuals to have the recommended vaccinations. However, failure to address the issue directly, or worse, ignoring it, could deepen such concerns, resulting in lower vaccination rates, leading to elevated rates of illness and vaccine-preventable deaths among older adults. The aim of this study was to explore the rate of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among older adults in Saudi Arabia, along with the associated predicting factors and reasons for hesitancy. This study extracted data from a cross-sectional online survey on the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Saudi Arabia, which was conducted from 8 to 14 December 2020. The sample of the study included 488 older adults aged 50 and older. The major data analytic tools employed in the study were bivariate and multivariable regression analyses. Among the 488 participants, 214 (43.85%) reported willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine when available. Older men were more likely to be willing to be vaccinated (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.277; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.092-4.745) than older women. High levels of education were significantly associated with willingness to be vaccinated. Older adults who had previously refused any vaccine were less likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine (aOR: 0.358; 95% CI: 0.154-0.830). Those who expressed a high or very high level of concern related to becoming infected were more likely to accept the vaccine against COVID-19 (aOR: 4.437; 95% CI: 2.148-9.168). Adverse side effects (27.01%), and safety and efficacy concerns (22.63%) were the most commonly cited reasons for vaccine hesitancy. The vaccination acceptance rate among older adults in Saudi Arabia is low. Interventions designed specifically for older adults addressing worries and concerns related to the vaccine are of paramount importance. In particular, these interventions should be tailored to address gender-based and health literacy level differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi
- Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Alshareef
- Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab H. El-Sokkary
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
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14
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Perniciaro S, van der Linden M. Pneumococcal vaccine uptake and vaccine effectiveness in older adults with invasive pneumococcal disease in Germany: A retrospective cohort study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2021; 7:100126. [PMID: 34557837 PMCID: PMC8454757 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in people ≥60 years old is on the rise in Germany. There has been a recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination in this age group since 1998. METHODS We determined the vaccination status of people ≥60 years old with IPD in Germany. We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the recommended 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against IPD using the indirect cohort method. RESULTS The rate of pneumococcal vaccination in older adults with IPD is low, 26%, with only 16% of people receiving a pneumococcal vaccine within five years of the IPD episode. Age- and gender- adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) for PPV23 was 37% (95% confidence interval 12% - 55%). For people vaccinated with PPV23 less than two years prior to IPD, VE was -20% (-131% - 34%), between two and four years prior to IPD, VE was 56% (20% - 76%), and 47% (17% - 63%) for those vaccinated ≥5 five years ago. Excluding serotype 3, overall VE for the remaining serotypes in PPV23 was 63% (49% - 74%). For people receiving PPV23 within the past two years, VE against all serotypes except 3 was 49% (12% - 71%); for people vaccinated between two and four years prior to IPD 66% (37% - 82%); for those vaccinated ≥five years ago, 69% (50% - 81%). VE of PPV23 against serotype 3 IPD only was -110% (-198% - -47%). CONCLUSIONS To reduce IPD in older adults in Germany, we must increase the rate of pneumococcal vaccine uptake. For 22/23 serotypes, PPV23 was effective. Serotype 3 remains a major problem. FUNDING This work was supported by an investigator-initiated research grant from Pfizer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark van der Linden
- National Reference Center for Streptococci, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
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15
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Li P, Hayat K, Jiang M, Pu Z, Yao X, Zou Y, Lambojon K, Huang Y, Hua J, Xiao H, Du F, Shi L, Zhai P, Ji W, Feng Z, Gong Y, Fang Y. Impact of video-led educational intervention on the uptake of influenza vaccine among adults aged 60 years and above in China: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:222. [PMID: 33499830 PMCID: PMC7839176 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza is a global health threat to older adults, and the influenza vaccine is the most effective approach to prevent influenza infection. However, influenza vaccination coverage among Chinese older adults is far less than in developed countries such as the United States (4.0% vs. 64.9%). This study aims to increase influenza vaccination coverage in Chinese adults ≥60 years using a video-led educational intervention conducted by medical students. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted in 4 districts of Xi’an city, Shaanxi Province, China, using a stratified sampling approach. Adults aged ≥60 years will be recruited from 8 community hospitals. A self-administered questionnaire of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) will be employed to record the KAP score. During the 6-month interventional period, participants in the intervention group will receive educational videos focused on influenza and influenza vaccination, coupled with a group discussion conducted by the medical students. For those in the control group, no intervention will be provided. The outcomes measured in both groups will be the influenza vaccination coverage and the KAP scores of all participants. Discussion Medical students are more likely to educate older adults about scientific knowledge of influenza and its vaccine compared to clinical practitioners, who, most of the time, remain over-occupied due to the extensive workload. Video-led counseling and education could be a useful option to optimize older adults’ understanding of influenza and influenza vaccination. This eventually could improve the uptake of influenza vaccine among Chinese older adults. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; ChiCTR2000034330; Registered 3rd July 2019. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10220-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Li
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Khezar Hayat
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Minghuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhaojing Pu
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xuelin Yao
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yamin Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, the Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Krizzia Lambojon
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jinghua Hua
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hanri Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fulei Du
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Panpan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wenjing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhitong Feng
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yilin Gong
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Shaanxi Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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16
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Phanhdone T, Drummond P, Meisel T, Friede N, Di Rocco A, Chodosh J, Fleisher J. Barriers to Vaccination Among People with Parkinson's Disease and Implications for COVID-19. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2021; 11:1057-1065. [PMID: 33935103 PMCID: PMC8355058 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are at higher risk of vaccine-preventable respiratory infections. However, advanced, homebound individuals may have less access to vaccinations. In light of COVID-19, understanding barriers to vaccination in PD may inform strategies to increase vaccine uptake. OBJECTIVE To identify influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates, including barriers and facilitators to vaccination, among homebound and ambulatory individuals with PD and related disorders. METHODS Cross-sectional US-based study among individuals with PD, aged > 65 years, stratified as homebound or ambulatory. Participants completed semi-structured interviews on vaccination rates and barriers, and healthcare utilization. RESULTS Among 143 participants, 9.8% had missed all influenza vaccinations in the past 5 years, and 32.2% lacked any pneumococcal vaccination, with no between-group differences. Homebound participants (n = 41) reported difficulty traveling to clinic (p < 0.01) as a vaccination barrier, and despite similar outpatient visit frequencies, had more frequent emergency department visits (31.7% vs. 9.8%, p < 0.01) and hospitalizations (14.6% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.03). Vaccine hesitancy was reported in 35% of participants, vaccine refusal in 19%, and 13.3% reported unvaccinated household members, with no between-group differences. Nearly 13% thought providers recommended against vaccines for PD patients, and 31.5% were unsure of vaccine recommendations in PD. CONCLUSION Among a sample of homebound and ambulatory people with PD, many lack age-appropriate immunizations despite ample healthcare utilization. Many participants were unsure whether healthcare providers recommend vaccinations for people with PD. In light of COVID-19, neurologist reinforcement that vaccinations are indicated, safe, and recommended may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Phanhdone
- Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick Drummond
- Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Talia Meisel
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua Chodosh
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Medicine Service, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jori Fleisher
- Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Weber W, Reinhardt A, Rossmann C. Lifestyle Segmentation to Explain the Online Health Information-Seeking Behavior of Older Adults: Representative Telephone Survey. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e15099. [PMID: 32530433 PMCID: PMC7320311 DOI: 10.2196/15099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a result of demographic changes, the number of people aged 60 years and older has been increasing steadily. Therefore, older adults have become more important as a target group for health communication efforts. Various studies show that online health information sources have gained importance among younger adults, but we know little about the health-related internet use of senior citizens in general and in particular about the variables explaining their online health-related information–seeking behavior. Media use studies indicate that in addition to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors might play a role in this context. Objective The aim of this study was to examine older people’s health-related internet use. Our study focused on the explanatory potential of lifestyle types over and above sociodemographic variables to predict older adults’ internet use for health information. Methods A telephone survey was conducted with a random sample of German adults aged 60 years and older (n=701) that was quota-allocated by gender, age, educational status, and degree of urbanity of their place of residence. Results The results revealed that participants used the internet infrequently (mean 1.82 [SD 1.07]), and medical personnel (mean 2.89 [SD 1.11]), family and friends (mean 2.86 [SD 1.21]), and health brochures (mean 2.85 [SD 1.21]) were their main sources of health information. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on values, interests, and leisure time activities revealed three different lifestyle types for adults aged over 60 years: the Sociable Adventurer, the Average Family Person, and the Uninterested Inactive. After adding these types as second-step predictors in a hierarchical regression model with sociodemographic variables (step 1), the explained variance increased significantly (R2=.02, P=.001), indicating that the Average Family Person and the Sociable Adventurer use the internet more often for health information than the Uninterested Inactive, over and above their sociodemographic attributes. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the internet still plays only a minor role in the health information–seeking behavior of older German adults. Nevertheless, there are subgroups including younger, more active, down-to-earth and family-oriented males that may be reached with online health information. Our findings suggest that lifestyle types should be taken into account when predicting health-related internet use behavior.
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Betsch C, Bach Habersaat K, Deshevoi S, Heinemeier D, Briko N, Kostenko N, Kocik J, Böhm R, Zettler I, Wiysonge CS, Dubé È, Gagneur A, Botelho-Nevers E, Gagneux-Brunon A, Sivelä J. Sample study protocol for adapting and translating the 5C scale to assess the psychological antecedents of vaccination. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034869. [PMID: 32161160 PMCID: PMC7066639 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Published in 2018, the 5C scale is psychometrically validated to assess five psychological antecedents of vaccination (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation and collective responsibility). The original version offers a validated English and German scale to assess these determinants with a short 5-item scale (1 item per antecedent) and a long 15-item scale (3 items per antecedent). This sample study protocol provides a step-by-step guidance for the process of adapting the 5C scale to another country, language or cultural context. Data obtained from the 5C scale can support developing, implementing and evaluating an intervention and monitoring of general vaccine acceptance and demand. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Phase 1 comprises the adaptation of the 5C scale including the translation and back translation of the antecedents, an expert evaluation of the antecedents and the identification of new antecedents as well as a pretest. Phase 2 involves the validation of the translated and potentially expanded scale including the assessment of reliability, construct and concurrent validity of all items of the scale. Code for data analysis is provided. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The University of Erfurt's institutional review board provided ethical clearance (EV-201900416.2). The authors suggest and encourage publicly sharing all data obtained from the translated 5C scale (eg, on publication). The materials and the code for data analysis to support the process described in this protocol are available in https://osf.io/2agxe/. Sharing data on vaccine acceptance and demand is in the public and the scientific interest and will facilitate gaining a global overview of its current state and development over time. The authors of the original 5C scale are currently working on an online platform to facilitate publishing the data and to visualise the psychological antecedents across different countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Betsch
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences (CEREB), University Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
- Media and Communication Science, University Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
| | - Katrine Bach Habersaat
- Vaccine-preventable Diseases and Immunization (VPI), Division of Health Emergencies and Communicable Diseases (DEC), World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sergei Deshevoi
- Vaccine-preventable Diseases & Immunization (VPI), Division of Communicable Diseases & Health Security (DCH), World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorothee Heinemeier
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences (CEREB), University Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
- Media and Communication Science, University Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
| | - Nikolay Briko
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Kostenko
- Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 127051 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Janusz Kocik
- School of Public Health, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Böhm
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ingo Zettler
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles Shey Wiysonge
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Ève Dubé
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Gagneur
- Département de Pédiatrie, Unité de Néonatalogie, CHUS Fleurimont, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers
- Service d'Infectiologie, CIC-1408 INSERM Vaccinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Amandine Gagneux-Brunon
- Service d'Infectiologie, CIC-1408 INSERM Vaccinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Jonas Sivelä
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
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Martinez EP, Cepeda M, Jovanoska M, Bramer WM, Schoufour J, Glisic M, Verbon A, Franco OH. Seasonality of antimicrobial resistance rates in respiratory bacteria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221133. [PMID: 31415656 PMCID: PMC6695168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates may display seasonal variation. However, it is not clear whether this seasonality is influenced by the seasonal variation of infectious diseases, geographical region or differences in antibiotic prescription patterns. Therefore, we assessed the seasonality of AMR rates in respiratory bacteria. METHODS Seven electronic databases (Embase.com, Medline Ovid, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Core Collection, Biosis Ovid, and Google Scholar), were searched for relevant studies from inception to Jun 25th, 2019. Studies describing resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were included in this review. By using random-effects meta-analysis, pooled odd ratios of seasonal AMR rates were calculated using winter as the reference group. Pooled odd ratios were obtained by antibiotic class and geographical region. RESULTS We included 13 studies, of which 7 were meta-analyzed. Few studies were done in H. influenzae, thus this was not quantitively analyzed. AMR rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillins were lower in other seasons than in winter with pooled OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.65-0.77; I2 = 0.0%, and to all antibiotics with pooled OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.60-0.76; I2 = 14.4%. Irrespective of geographical region, the seasonality of AMR rates in S. pneumoniae remained the same. CONCLUSION The seasonality of AMR rates could result from the seasonality of infectious diseases and its accompanied antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Pamela Martinez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Magda Cepeda
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marija Jovanoska
- Medical Faculty, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Wichor M. Bramer
- Medical Library, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josje Schoufour
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marija Glisic
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Annelies Verbon
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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van der Linden M, Imöhl M, Perniciaro S. Limited indirect effects of an infant pneumococcal vaccination program in an aging population. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220453. [PMID: 31369597 PMCID: PMC6675109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A general recommendation for adult pneumococcal vaccination with 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) for adults 60 and older has been in place in Germany since 1998, but uptake has been low. Just over a decade after the implementation of an infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccine recommendation, we examined indirect protection effects on adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Germany. METHODS AND FINDINGS Reported IPD cases decreased in children under two years of age from 11.09 per 100,000 in 2003-2006 to 5.94 per 100,000 in 2017/18, while in adult age groups, reported IPD cases rose across the board, most dramatically in adults 60 years of age and over, from 1.64 to 10.08 cases per 100,000. PCV13-type IPD represents 31% of all cases in this age group, the lion's share of which is due to the rapid increase of serotype 3 IPD, which, by itself, has reached 2.11 reported cases per 100,000 and makes up 21% of all IPD cases in this age group. The two vaccine formulations currently in development (PCV15 and PCV20) would increase current (PCV13) coverage by 8.5% points and 28.0% points in children, while in adults coverage would increase by 10.4% points and 21.9% points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS While original models predicted that indirect effects of childhood vaccination would suffice for adults, it seems that the herd protection effect has reached its limit, with vaccine serotypes 4, 19F, and 19A IPD persisting in adults after initial reductions, and serotype 3 IPD not showing any herd protection effect at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark van der Linden
- National Reference Center for Streptococci, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Imöhl
- National Reference Center for Streptococci, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Perniciaro
- National Reference Center for Streptococci, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
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Weinmayr LM, Steinhäuser J, Gehring SC, Goetz K. Vaccination management for elderly patients in primary care settings - documentation and responsibilities during a vaccination campaign. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:1295-1302. [PMID: 31534316 PMCID: PMC6682325 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s212507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the current analysis were to evaluate the vaccination status and attitudes towards vaccinations of elderly patients and to explore effects of a vaccination campaign. METHODS The data were raised in primary care settings by a physicians network which collected data during routine care from 697 patients and by the analysis of health insurance claims data from the Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Schleswig-Holstein (KVSH/Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians of the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany), regarding vaccinations in the participating practices before and after a vaccination campaign. RESULTS Vaccination documentation for tetanus (57.7%), diphtheria (55.7%) and influenza (55.8%) was available for slightly more than half of the study sample. A lower documentation rate was observed for pertussis (33.1%), pneumococcal vaccination (30.3%) and polio (26.3%). Practice assistants were more responsible for determining the vaccination status than physicians. The attitude regarding influenza and pneumococcal vaccine was positive in 72.9% and 56.9% of patients respectively. After the campaign, rates of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine utilization increased by 13.4% and 62.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Attitudes regarding vaccination were generally positive. Documentation was missing for almost half of the elderly population. The delegation of vaccine management to practice assistants could increase the immunization rate. Moreover, it can be assumed that a campaign might be helpful in increasing vaccination awareness and vaccine coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Weinmayr
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck23538, Germany
| | - Jost Steinhäuser
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck23538, Germany
| | - Svante Christoph Gehring
- Ärztegenossenschaft Nord eG, Bad Segeberg23795, Germany
- HANN Haus & Facharztnetz Nord GmbH, Norderstedt22851, Germany
| | - Katja Goetz
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck23538, Germany
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Betsch C, Schmid P, Korn L, Steinmeyer L, Heinemeier D, Eitze S, Küpke NK, Böhm R. [Psychological antecedents of vaccination: definitions, measurement, and interventions]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2019; 62:400-409. [PMID: 30805674 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-019-02900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vaccinations are among the safest and most effective ways to prevent morbidity and mortality from severe infectious diseases - both on an individual and societal level. Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines some people decide against vaccination, which leads to recurrent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. In order to achieve the common goals of eliminating certain infectious diseases and to protect individual health, it is necessary to understand the antecedents of (non-)vaccination.The 5C model describes five relevant psychological antecedents of vaccination: confidence, complacency (risk perceptions), constraints (barriers), calculation (extent of information search), and collective responsibility (willingness to protect the community). This contribution provides an overview of how these antecedents can be measured on an individual level and how interventions should be designed and evaluated to address the respective antecedents.Data from Germany show that structural changes to reduce practical barriers are important to improve vaccine uptake. Thus, it is also important to address aspects beyond confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Betsch
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland.
| | - Philipp Schmid
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Lars Korn
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Lisa Steinmeyer
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Dorothee Heinemeier
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Sarah Eitze
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Nora Katharina Küpke
- Philosophische Fakultät, Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitskommunikation, Universität Erfurt, Nordhäuserstraße 63, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Robert Böhm
- Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Juniorprofessur für Decision Analysis, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
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Betsch C, Schmid P, Heinemeier D, Korn L, Holtmann C, Böhm R. Beyond confidence: Development of a measure assessing the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208601. [PMID: 30532274 PMCID: PMC6285469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 612] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring the reasons why a considerable number of people do not receive recommended vaccinations allows identification of important trends over time, and designing and evaluating strategies to address vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccine uptake. Existing validated measures assessing vaccine hesitancy focus primarily on confidence in vaccines and the system that delivers them. However, empirical and theoretical work has stated that complacency (not perceiving diseases as high risk), constraints (structural and psychological barriers), calculation (engagement in extensive information searching), and aspects pertaining to collective responsibility (willingness to protect others) also play a role in explaining vaccination behavior. The objective was therefore to develop a validated measure of these 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. METHODS AND FINDINGS Three cross-sectional studies were conducted. Study 1 uses factor analysis to develop an initial scale and assesses the sub-scales' convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity (N = 1,445, two German convenience-samples). In Study 2, a sample representative regarding age and gender for the German population (N = 1,003) completed the measure for vaccination in general and for specific vaccinations to assess the potential need for a vaccine-specific wording of items. Study 3 compared the novel scale's performance with six existing measures of vaccine hesitancy (N = 350, US convenience-sample). As an outcome, a long (15-item) and short (5-item) 5C scale were developed as reliable and valid indicators of confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility. The 5C sub-scales correlated with relevant psychological concepts, such as attitude (confidence), perceived personal health status and invulnerability (complacency), self-control (constraints), preference for deliberation (calculation), and communal orientation (collective responsibility), among others. The new scale provided similar results when formulated in a general vs. vaccine-specific way (Study 2). In a comparison of seven measures the 5C scale was constantly among the scales that explained the highest amounts of variance in analyses predicting single vaccinations (between 20% and 40%; Study 3). The present studies are limited to the concurrent validity of the scales. CONCLUSIONS The 5C scale provides a novel tool to monitor psychological antecedents of vaccination and facilitates diagnosis, intervention design and evaluation. Its short version is suitable for field settings and regular global monitoring of relevant antecedents of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Betsch
- CEREB - Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Philipp Schmid
- CEREB - Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Dorothee Heinemeier
- CEREB - Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Lars Korn
- CEREB - Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Cindy Holtmann
- CEREB - Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Böhm
- School of Business and Economics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Eitze S, Fleischmann-Struzek C, Betsch C, Reinhart K. Determinants of sepsis knowledge: a representative survey of the elderly population in Germany. Crit Care 2018; 22:273. [PMID: 30368239 PMCID: PMC6204268 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-2208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening medical emergency requiring early diagnosis and urgent treatment. Knowledge is crucial, especially in major risk groups such as the elderly. We therefore assessed sophisticated knowledge about sepsis in the German elderly population. METHODS A telephone survey was carried out with a representative sample of 701 Germans from 16 federal states and a separate cohort of 700 participants from Thuringia, all aged ≥ 60 years. Sepsis knowledge was assessed via a 10-item questionnaire. Sociodemographic data and health information sources were assessed to identify determinants of sepsis knowledge. RESULTS Of the participants, 88.6% had heard the term "sepsis" before; however, 50% of these failed to define sepsis correctly. Even if the knowledge of symptoms was moderately good, most participants could not correctly identify causes of sepsis and underestimated its incidence. Only a minority was aware that immunization may prevent sepsis. Regressions revealed that being younger, better educated and living in rural areas predicted higher levels of sepsis knowledge. Pharmacists were a relevant source of sepsis information. CONCLUSIONS Despite overall awareness of sepsis, the understanding of its risk factors, symptoms and prevention is low in the elderly, with important implications for emergency and intensive care. We suggest further educational measures to improve early sepsis recognition and prevention through vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Eitze
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Social Media and Communication Sciences, University of Erfurt, Nordhaeuser Strasse 63, 99089 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Carolin Fleischmann-Struzek
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Betsch
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Social Media and Communication Sciences, University of Erfurt, Nordhaeuser Strasse 63, 99089 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinhart
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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