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Ran B, Ren X, Lin X, Teng Y, Xin F, Ma W, Zhao X, Li M, Wang J, Wang C, Sun L, Zhang J. Glycyrrhetinic acid loaded in milk-derived extracellular vesicles for inhalation therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Control Release 2024; 370:811-820. [PMID: 38754632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and life-threatening lung disease for which treatment options are limited. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid with multiple biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. Herein, inhalable milk-derived extracellular vesicles (mEVs) encapsulating GA (mEVs@GA) were screened and evaluated for IPF treatment. The results indicated that the loading efficiency of GA in mEVs@GA was 8.65%. Therapeutic effects of inhalable mEVs@GA were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The mEVs@GA demonstrated superior anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated MHS cells. Furthermore, repeated noninvasive inhalation delivery of mEVs@GA in bleomycin-induced IPF mice could decrease the levels of transforming growth factors β1 (TGF-β1), Smad3 and inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. The mEVs@GA effectively diminished the development of fibrosis and improved pulmonary function in the IPF mice model at a quarter of the dose compared with the pirfenidone oral administration group. Additionally, compared to pirfenidone-loaded mEVs, mEVs@GA demonstrated superior efficacy at the same drug concentration in the pharmacodynamic study. Overall, inhaled mEVs@GA have the potential to serve as an effective therapeutic option in the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ran
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Xiaohong Ren
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xueyuan Lin
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Yupu Teng
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Fangyuan Xin
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Wuzhen Ma
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Mingwei Li
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Jinghuang Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China
| | - Caifen Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutiacal University, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226126, China.
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2
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Shao S, Zhang N, Specht GP, You S, Song L, Fu Q, Huang D, You H, Shu J, Domissy A, Li S, Nguyen-Tran V, Joseph SB, Chatterjee AK, Chen JJ, Schultz PG, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological expansion of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells promotes regenerative lower airway repair. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400077121. [PMID: 38598345 PMCID: PMC11032444 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400077121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) are stem cells in the adult lung that contribute to lower airway repair. Agents that promote the selective expansion of these cells might stimulate regeneration of the compromised alveolar epithelium, an etiology-defining event in several pulmonary diseases. From a high-content imaging screen of the drug repurposing library ReFRAME, we identified that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, widely used type 2 diabetes medications, selectively expand AEC2s and are broadly efficacious in several mouse models of lung damage. Mechanism of action studies revealed that the protease DPP4, in addition to processing incretin hormones, degrades IGF-1 and IL-6, essential regulators of AEC2 expansion whose levels are increased in the luminal compartment of the lung in response to drug treatment. To selectively target DPP4 in the lung with sufficient drug exposure, we developed NZ-97, a locally delivered, lung persistent DPP4 inhibitor that broadly promotes efficacy in mouse lung damage models with minimal peripheral exposure and good tolerability. This work reveals DPP4 as a central regulator of AEC2 expansion and affords a promising therapeutic approach to broadly stimulate regenerative repair in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Shao
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Gregory P. Specht
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Shaochen You
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Lirui Song
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Qiangwei Fu
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - David Huang
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Hengyao You
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Jian Shu
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02129
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Alain Domissy
- DNA Array Core, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Shuangwei Li
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | | | - Sean B. Joseph
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | | | | | - Peter G. Schultz
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Michael J. Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
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Fijardo M, Kwan JYY, Bissey PA, Citrin DE, Yip KW, Liu FF. The clinical manifestations and molecular pathogenesis of radiation fibrosis. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105089. [PMID: 38579363 PMCID: PMC11002813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Advances in radiation techniques have enabled the precise delivery of higher doses of radiotherapy to tumours, while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Consequently, the incidence of radiation toxicities has declined, and will likely continue to improve as radiotherapy further evolves. Nonetheless, ionizing radiation elicits tissue-specific toxicities that gradually develop into radiation-induced fibrosis, a common long-term side-effect of radiotherapy. Radiation fibrosis is characterized by an aberrant wound repair process, which promotes the deposition of extensive scar tissue, clinically manifesting as a loss of elasticity, tissue thickening, and organ-specific functional consequences. In addition to improving the existing technologies and guidelines directing the administration of radiotherapy, understanding the pathogenesis underlying radiation fibrosis is essential for the success of cancer treatments. This review integrates the principles for radiotherapy dosimetry to minimize off-target effects, the tissue-specific clinical manifestations, the key cellular and molecular drivers of radiation fibrosis, and emerging therapeutic opportunities for both prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Fijardo
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Deborah E Citrin
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Kenneth W Yip
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Wang Z, Xia L, Cheng J, Liu J, Zhu Q, Cui C, Li J, Huang Y, Shen J, Xia Y. Combination Therapy of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation and Electroacupuncture for the Repair of Intrauterine Adhesions in Rats: Mechanisms and Functional Recovery. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01465-3. [PMID: 38499950 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has demonstrated promising clinical utility in the treatment of endometrial injury and the restoration of fertility. However, since the efficacy of BMSCs after transplantation is not stable, it is very important to find effective ways to enhance the utilisation of BMSCs. Electroacupuncture (EA) has some positive effects on the chemotaxis of stem cells and diseases related to uterine injury. In this study, we established the intrauterine adhesion (IUA) model of the Sprague-Dawley rat using lipopolysaccharide infection and mechanical scratching. Phosphate-buffered saline, BMSCs alone, and BMSCs combined with EA were randomly administered to the rats. Fluorescent cell labelling showed the migration of transplanted BMSCs. H&E staining, Masson staining, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and qRT-PCR were utilised to detect changes in endometrial morphology and expressions of endometrial receptivity-related factors, endometrial pro-inflammatory factors, and fibrosis factors. Finally, we conducted a fertility test to measure the recovery of uterine function. The results showed that EA promoted transplanted BMSCs to migrate into the injured uterus by activating the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Endometrial morphology showed the most significant improvement in the BMSC + EA group. The expressions of endometrial pro-inflammatory factors and fibrosis indexes in the BMSC + EA group were lower than those in the model and BMSC groups. Further studies revealed that the expression of endometrial receptivity-related factors and the number of embryos implanted on day 8 of gestation increased in the BMSC + EA group compared with the model group and the BMSC group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Wang
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liangjun Xia
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chuting Cui
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junwei Li
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yueying Huang
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Shen
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Youbing Xia
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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5
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Jiang G, Liu W, Wang X, Wang Z, Song C, Chen R, He Z, Li H, Zheng M, Mao W. The causality between systemic inflammatory regulators and chronic respiratory diseases: A bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study. Cytokine 2024; 174:156470. [PMID: 38071841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulative evidence suggests the associations between systemic inflammatory regulators and chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). However, the intrinsic causation remains implicit. Therefore, this study aimed to examine causative associations by mendelian randomization (MR) and to identify valuable active factors. METHODS Based on data from the GWAS database, we performed MR analyses of 41 serum cytokines from 8,293 Finnish and European descent cohorts from GBMI and UKBB for five major CRDs. We mainly applied inverse variance weighted regression, supplemented by MR-Egger regression, weighted median, maximum likelihood, weighted mode, and simple mode algorithms. Moreover, sensitivity analyses were conducted using Cochrane's Q test, MR-Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO Global test and MR-Steiger filtering. Eventually, the consistency of MR results was assessed by leave-one-out. RESULTS Our results suggest that 12 genetically predicted systemic inflammatory regulators probably participate in the progression of CRDs, including four risk factors (IL-1RA, IL-4, MIP-1A, PDGF-BB) and one protective factor (IL-6) in IPF, two protective factors (SCF, SDF-1A) in COPD, and two protective factors (SCF, SDF-1A) in asthma, two protective factors (GROA, IL-2RA) were also included in asthma, whereas only one factor (HGF) was protective against bronchiectasis. Additionally, two protective factors (FGF-BASIC, G-CSF) were identified in sarcoidosis. Sensitivity analyses showed no horizontal pleiotropy and significant heterogeneity. Finally, based on the findings of inverse MR analysis, no inverse causal association was uncovered, confirming the robustness of results. CONCLUSION Our study unearths potential associations between systemic inflammatory modulators and common CRDs, providing new insights for inflammation-mediated CRD prevention and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weici Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenghu Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruo Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huixing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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Cojocaru E, Cojocaru T, Pînzariu GM, Vasiliu I, Armașu I, Cojocaru C. Perspectives on Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment. J Pers Med 2023; 14:51. [PMID: 38248752 PMCID: PMC10817460 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis, a critical outcome of chronic inflammatory diseases, has gained prominence in the context of post-coronavirus (post-COVID-19) complications. This review delves into the multifaceted landscape of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis, elucidating the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and highlighting promising therapeutic avenues. Examining the aftermath of severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the review reveals key signaling pathways implicated in the fibrotic cascade. Drawing parallels with previous coronavirus outbreaks enhances our understanding of the distinctive features of post-COVID-19 fibrosis. Antifibrotic drugs, like pirfenidone and nintedanib, take center stage; their mechanisms of action and potential applications in post-COVID-19 cases are thoroughly explored. Beyond the established treatments, this review investigates emerging therapeutic modalities, including anti-interleukin agents, immunosuppressants, and experimental compounds, like buloxybutide, saracatinib, sirolimus, and resveratrol. Emphasizing the critical importance of early intervention, this review highlights the dynamic nature of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis research. In conclusion, the synthesis of current knowledge offers a foundation for advancing our approaches to the prevention and treatment of these consequential sequelae of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.C.); (I.V.)
| | - Tudor Cojocaru
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.M.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Giulia Mihaela Pînzariu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.M.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Ioana Vasiliu
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.C.); (I.V.)
| | - Ioana Armașu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.M.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Cristian Cojocaru
- Medical III Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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7
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Al-Mutairy EA, Al Qattan S, Khalid M, Al-Enazi AA, Al-Saif MM, Imtiaz F, Ramzan K, Raveendran V, Alaiya A, Meyer BF, Atamas SP, Collison KS, Khabar KS, Hasday JD, Al-Mohanna F. Wild-type S100A3 and S100A13 restore calcium homeostasis and mitigate mitochondrial dysregulation in pulmonary fibrosis patient-derived cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1282868. [PMID: 38099297 PMCID: PMC10720433 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1282868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with digenic S100A3 and S100A13 mutations exhibited an atypical and progressive interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, with impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we provide direct evidence of a causative effect of the mutation on receptor mediated calcium signaling and calcium store responses in control cells transfected with mutant S100A3 and mutant S100A13. We demonstrate that the mutations lead to increased mitochondrial mass and hyperpolarization, both of which were reversed by transfecting patient-derived cells with the wild type S100A3 and S100A13, or extracellular treatment with the recombinant proteins. In addition, we demonstrate increased secretion of inflammatory mediators in patient-derived cells and in control cells transfected with the mutant-encoding constructs. These findings indicate that treatment of patients' cells with recombinant S100A3 and S100A13 proteins is sufficient to normalize most of cellular responses, and may therefore suggest the use of these recombinant proteins in the treatment of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eid A. Al-Mutairy
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Somaya Al Qattan
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Khalid
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azizah A. Al-Enazi
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher M. Al-Saif
- BioMolecular Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiqa Imtiaz
- Clinical Genomics, Center of Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khushnooda Ramzan
- Clinical Genomics, Center of Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vineesh Raveendran
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayodele Alaiya
- Stem Cell Therapy Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F. Meyer
- Clinical Genomics, Center of Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei P. Atamas
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kate S. Collison
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. Khabar
- BioMolecular Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeffrey D. Hasday
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Futwan Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Cojocaru E, Cojocaru C, Vlad CE, Eva L. Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Long COVID's Cardiovascular Injuries. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2004. [PMID: 37509643 PMCID: PMC10377338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the biggest challenges of cardiovascular medicine. The significance of the RAS in the chronic progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its consequences is one of the topics that are currently being mostly discussed. SARS-CoV-2 undermines the balance between beneficial and harmful RAS pathways. The level of soluble ACE2 and membrane-bound ACE2 are both upregulated by the endocytosis of the SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 complex and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-converting enzyme (ADAM17)-induced cleavage. Through the link between RAS and the processes of proliferation, the processes of fibrous remodelling of the myocardium are initiated from the acute phase of the disease, continuing into the long COVID stage. In the long term, RAS dysfunction may cause an impairment of its beneficial effects leading to thromboembolic processes and a reduction in perfusion of target organs. The main aspects of ACE2-a key pathogenic role in COVID-19 as well as the mechanisms of RAS involvement in COVID cardiovascular injuries are studied. Therapeutic directions that can be currently anticipated in relation to the various pathogenic pathways of progression of cardiovascular damage in patients with longCOVID have also been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Cojocaru
- Medical III Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristiana-Elena Vlad
- Medical II Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- "Dr. C. I. Parhon" Clinical Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian Eva
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Apollonia" University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu" Clinic Emergency Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania
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9
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Fadanni GP, Calixto JB. Recent progress and prospects for anti-cytokine therapy in preclinical and clinical acute lung injury. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 71-72:13-25. [PMID: 37481378 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous cause of respiratory failure that has a rapid onset, a high mortality rate, and for which there is no effective pharmacological treatment. Current evidence supports a critical role of excessive inflammation in ARDS, resulting in several cytokines, cytokine receptors, and proteins within their downstream signalling pathways being putative therapeutic targets. However, unsuccessful trials of anti-inflammatory drugs have thus far hindered progress in the field. In recent years, the prospects of precision medicine and therapeutic targeting of cytokines coevolving into effective treatments have gained notoriety. There is an optimistic and growing understanding of ARDS subphenotypes as well as advances in treatment strategies and clinical trial design. Furthermore, large trials of anti-cytokine drugs in patients with COVID-19 have provided an unprecedented amount of information that could pave the way for therapeutic breakthroughs. While current clinical and nonclinical ARDS research suggest relatively limited potential in monotherapy with anti-cytokine drugs, combination therapy has emerged as an appealing strategy and may provide new perspectives on finding safe and effective treatments. Accurate evaluation of these drugs, however, also relies on well-founded experimental research and the implementation of biomarker-guided stratification in future trials. In this review, we provide an overview of anti-cytokine therapy for acute lung injury and ARDS, highlighting the current preclinical and clinical evidence for targeting the main cytokines individually and the therapeutic prospects for combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Pasetto Fadanni
- Centre of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIEnP), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - João Batista Calixto
- Centre of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIEnP), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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10
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Ding D, Gao R, Xue Q, Luan R, Yang J. Genomic Fingerprint Associated with Familial Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Review. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:329-345. [PMID: 36860670 PMCID: PMC9969503 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe interstitial lung disease; although the recent introduction of two anti-fibrosis drugs, pirfenidone and Nidanib, have resulted in a significant reduction in lung function decline, IPF is still not curable. Approximately 2-20% of patients with IPF have a family history of the disease, which is considered the strongest risk factor for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. However, the genetic predispositions of familial IPF (f-IPF), a particular type of IPF, remain largely unknown. Genetics affect the susceptibility and progression of f-IPF. Genomic markers are increasingly being recognized for their contribution to disease prognosis and drug therapy outcomes. Existing data suggest that genomics may help identify individuals at risk for f-IPF, accurately classify patients, elucidate key pathways involved in disease pathogenesis, and ultimately develop more effective targeted therapies. Since several genetic variants associated with the disease have been found in f-IPF, this review systematically summarizes the latest progress in the gene spectrum of the f-IPF population and the underlying mechanisms of f-IPF. The genetic susceptibility variation related to the disease phenotype is also illustrated. This review aims to improve the understanding of the IPF pathogenesis and facilitate his early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianfei Xue
- Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rumei Luan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junling Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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11
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Oxy210, a Semi-Synthetic Oxysterol, Inhibits Profibrotic Signaling in Cellular Models of Lung and Kidney Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010114. [PMID: 36678611 PMCID: PMC9862207 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxy210, a semi-synthetic oxysterol derivative, displays cell-selective inhibition of Hedgehog (Hh) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages as well as antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory efficacy in models of liver fibrosis. In the present report, we examine the effects of Oxy210 in cellular models of lung and kidney fibrosis, such as human lung fibroblast cell lines IMR-90, derived from healthy lung tissue, and LL97A, derived from an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patient. In addition, we examine the effects of Oxy210 in primary human renal fibroblasts, pericytes, mesangial cells, and renal tubular epithelial cells, known for their involvement in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney fibrosis. We demonstrate in fibroblasts that the expression of several profibrotic TGF-β target genes, including fibronectin (FN), collagen 1A1 (COL1A1), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) are inhibited by Oxy210, both at the basal level and following TGF-β stimulation in a statistically significant manner. The inhibition of COL1A1 gene expression translated directly to significantly reduced COL1A1 protein expression. In human primary small airway epithelial cells (HSAECs) and renal tubular epithelial cells, Oxy210 significantly inhibited TGF-β target gene expression associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Oxy210 also inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts, pericytes, and mesangial cells in a dose-dependent and statistically significant manner.
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12
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Clément V, Roy V, Paré B, Goulet CR, Deschênes LT, Berthod F, Bolduc S, Gros-Louis F. Tridimensional cell culture of dermal fibroblasts promotes exosome-mediated secretion of extracellular matrix proteins. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19786. [PMID: 36396670 PMCID: PMC9672399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion, deposition and assembly are part of a whole complex biological process influencing the microenvironment and other cellular behaviors. Emerging evidence is attributing a significant role to extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes in a plethora of ECM-associated functions, but the role of dermal fibroblast-derived EVs in paracrine signalling is yet unclear. Herein, we investigated the effect of exosomes isolated from stimulated human dermal fibroblasts. We report that tridimensional (3D) cell culture of dermal fibroblasts promotes secretion of exosomes carrying a large quantity of proteins involved in the formation, organisation and remodelling of the ECM. In our 3D model, gene expression was highly modulated and linked to ECM, cellular migration and proliferation, as well as inflammatory response. Mass spectrometry analysis of exosomal proteins, isolated from 3D cultured fibroblast-conditioned media, revealed ECM protein enrichment, of which many were associated with the matrisome. We also show that the cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) is predicted to be central to the signalling pathways related to ECM formation and contributing to cell migration and proliferation. Overall, our data suggest that dermal fibroblast-derived EVs participate in many steps of the establishment of dermis's ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Clément
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Vincent Roy
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Bastien Paré
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Cassandra R. Goulet
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Lydia Touzel Deschênes
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - François Berthod
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
| | - François Gros-Louis
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University Experimental Organogenesis Research Center/LOEX, CHU de Québec Research Center – Enfant-Jésus Hospital, Québec, QC Canada
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13
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Kurche JS, Stancil IT, Michalski JE, Yang IV, Schwartz DA. Dysregulated Cell-Cell Communication Characterizes Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:3319. [PMID: 36291184 PMCID: PMC9600037 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease of older adults characterized by fibrotic replacement of functional gas exchange units in the lung. The strongest risk factor for IPF is a genetic variantin the promoter region of the gel-forming mucin, MUC5B. To better understand how the MUC5B variant influences development of fibrosis, we used the NicheNet R package and leveraged publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data to identify and evaluate how epithelia participating in gas exchange are influenced by ligands expressed in control, MUC5B variant, and fibrotic environments. We observed that loss of type-I alveolar epithelia (AECI) characterizes the single-cell RNA transcriptome in fibrotic lung and validated the pattern of AECI loss using single nuclear RNA sequencing. Examining AECI transcriptomes, we found enrichment of transcriptional signatures for IL6 and AREG, which we have previously shown to mediate aberrant epithelial fluidization in IPF and murine bleomycin models. Moreover, we found that the protease ADAM17, which is upstream of IL6 trans-signaling, was enriched in control MUC5B variant donors. We used immunofluorescence to validate a role for enhanced expression of ADAM17 among MUC5B variants, suggesting involvement in IPF pathogenesis and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Kurche
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ian T. Stancil
- Program in Cellular Biology and Biophysics, Graduate School, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jacob E. Michalski
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ivana V. Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David A. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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14
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Selle J, Dinger K, Jentgen V, Zanetti D, Will J, Georgomanolis T, Vohlen C, Wilke R, Kojonazarov B, Klymenko O, Mohr J, V Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S, Rhodes CJ, Ulrich A, Hirani D, Nestler T, Odenthal M, Mahabir E, Nayakanti S, Dabral S, Wunderlich T, Priest J, Seeger W, Dötsch J, Pullamsetti SS, Alejandre Alcazar MA. Maternal and perinatal obesity induce bronchial obstruction and pulmonary hypertension via IL-6-FoxO1-axis in later life. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4352. [PMID: 35896539 PMCID: PMC9329333 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pre-disposing condition for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolic influences during development can determine chronic lung diseases (CLD). We demonstrate that maternal obesity causes early metabolic disorder in the offspring. Here, interleukin-6 induced bronchial and microvascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) hyperproliferation and increased airway and pulmonary vascular resistance. The key anti-proliferative transcription factor FoxO1 was inactivated via nuclear exclusion. These findings were confirmed using primary SMC treated with interleukin-6 and pharmacological FoxO1 inhibition as well as genetic FoxO1 ablation and constitutive activation. In vivo, we reproduced the structural and functional alterations in offspring of obese dams via the SMC-specific ablation of FoxO1. The reconstitution of FoxO1 using IL-6-deficient mice and pharmacological treatment did not protect against metabolic disorder but prevented SMC hyperproliferation. In human observational studies, childhood obesity was associated with reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio Z-score (used as proxy for lung function) and asthma. We conclude that the interleukin-6-FoxO1 pathway in SMC is a molecular mechanism by which perinatal obesity programs the bronchial and vascular structure and function, thereby driving CLD development. Thus, FoxO1 reconstitution provides a potential therapeutic option for preventing this metabolic programming of CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaco Selle
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Dinger
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Jentgen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniela Zanetti
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Johannes Will
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Theodoros Georgomanolis
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Vohlen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Wilke
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Oleksiy Klymenko
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Jasmine Mohr
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Silke V Koningsbruggen-Rietschel
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher J Rhodes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Ulrich
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dharmesh Hirani
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Tim Nestler
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Esther Mahabir
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Comparative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sreenath Nayakanti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Swati Dabral
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Wunderlich
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster for Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - James Priest
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Werner Seeger
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Soni S Pullamsetti
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Miguel A Alejandre Alcazar
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics-Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster for Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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15
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Ramakrishnan RK, Bajbouj K, Guimei M, Rawat SS, Kalaji Z, Hachim MY, Mahboub B, Ibrahim SM, Hamoudi R, Halwani R, Hamid Q. Bcl10 Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pro-Fibrotic Signaling in Bronchial Fibroblasts from Severe Asthma Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071716. [PMID: 35885021 PMCID: PMC9312497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Subepithelial fibrosis is a characteristic hallmark of airway remodeling in asthma. Current asthma medications have limited efficacy in treating fibrosis, particularly in patients with severe asthma, necessitating a deeper understanding of the fibrotic mechanisms. The NF-κB pathway is key to airway inflammation in asthma, as it regulates the activity of multiple pro-inflammatory mediators that contribute to airway pathology. Bcl10 is a well-known upstream mediator of the NF-κB pathway that has been linked to fibrosis in other disease models. Therefore, we investigated Bcl10-mediated NF-κB activation as a potential pathway regulating fibrotic signaling in severe asthmatic fibroblasts. We demonstrate here the elevated protein expression of Bcl10 in bronchial fibroblasts and bronchial biopsies from severe asthmatic patients when compared to non-asthmatic individuals. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the increased expression of the pro-fibrotic cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TGF-β1 in bronchial fibroblasts, and this induction was associated with the activation of Bcl10. Inhibition of the Bcl10-mediated NF-κB pathway using an IRAK1/4 selective inhibitor abrogated the pro-fibrotic signaling induced by LPS. Thus, our study indicates that Bcl10-mediated NF-κB activation signals increased pro-fibrotic cytokine expression in severe asthmatic airways. This reveals the therapeutic potential of targeting Bcl10 signaling in ameliorating inflammation and fibrosis, particularly in severe asthmatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhee K. Ramakrishnan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
| | - Maha Guimei
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt;
| | - Surendra Singh Rawat
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates; (S.S.R.); (M.Y.H.)
| | - Zaina Kalaji
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
| | - Mahmood Y. Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates; (S.S.R.); (M.Y.H.)
| | - Bassam Mahboub
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
- Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai P.O. Box 4545, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (R.H.); (Q.H.)
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
- Immunology Research Lab, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 145111, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (R.H.); (Q.H.)
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.K.R.); (K.B.); (Z.K.); (B.M.); (S.M.I.)
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (R.H.); (Q.H.)
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16
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Ramírez-Martínez G, Jiménez-Álvarez LA, Cruz-Lagunas A, Ignacio-Cortés S, Gómez-García IA, Rodríguez-Reyna TS, Choreño-Parra JA, Zúñiga J. Possible Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and TGF-β in COVID-19 Severity and Sequelae. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:352-368. [PMID: 35647937 PMCID: PMC9422783 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The costs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are devastating. With millions of deaths worldwide, specific serological biomarkers, antiviral agents, and novel therapies are urgently required to reduce the disease burden. For these purposes, a profound understanding of the pathobiology of COVID-19 is mandatory. Notably, the study of immunity against other respiratory infections has generated reference knowledge to comprehend the paradox of the COVID-19 pathogenesis. Past studies point to a complex interplay between cytokines and other factors mediating wound healing and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that results in exacerbated inflammation, tissue injury, severe manifestations, and a sequela of respiratory infections. This review provides an overview of the immunological process elicited after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Also, we analyzed available data about the participation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in immune responses of the lungs. Furthermore, we discuss their possible implications in severe COVID-19 and sequela, including pulmonary fibrosis, and remark on the potential of these molecules as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of convalescent COVID-19 patients. Our review provides a theoretical framework for future research aimed to discover molecular hallmarks that, combined with clinical features, could serve as therapeutic targets and reliable biomarkers of the different clinical forms of COVID-19, including convalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Armando Jiménez-Álvarez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Lagunas
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Ignacio-Cortés
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Alejandra Gómez-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tatiana Sofia Rodríguez-Reyna
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
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17
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Nguee SYT, Júnior JWBD, Epiphanio S, Rénia L, Claser C. Experimental Models to Study the Pathogenesis of Malaria-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:899581. [PMID: 35677654 PMCID: PMC9168995 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.899581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS) is increasingly gaining recognition as a severe malaria complication because of poor prognostic outcomes, high lethality rate, and limited therapeutic interventions. Unfortunately, invasive clinical studies are challenging to conduct and yields insufficient mechanistic insights. These limitations have led to the development of suitable MA-ARDS experimental mouse models. In patients and mice, MA-ARDS is characterized by edematous lung, along with marked infiltration of inflammatory cells and damage of the alveolar-capillary barriers. Although, the pathogenic pathways have yet to be fully understood, the use of different experimental mouse models is fundamental in the identification of mediators of pulmonary vascular damage. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on endothelial activation, leukocyte recruitment, leukocyte induced-endothelial dysfunction, and other important findings, to better understand the pathogenesis pathways leading to endothelial pulmonary barrier lesions and increased vascular permeability. We also discuss how the advances in imaging techniques can contribute to a better understanding of the lung lesions induced during MA-ARDS, and how it could aid to monitor MA-ARDS severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Yee Teng Nguee
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Sabrina Epiphanio
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laurent Rénia
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carla Claser
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Carla Claser,
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18
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Cao J, Li L, Xiong L, Wang C, Chen Y, Zhang X. Research on the mechanism of berberine in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia pulmonary fibrosis using network pharmacology and molecular docking. PHYTOMEDICINE PLUS : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 2:100252. [PMID: 35403089 PMCID: PMC8895682 DOI: 10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Pulmonary fibrosis caused by COVID-19 pneumonia is a serious complication of COVID-19 infection, there is a lack of effective treatment methods clinically. This article explored the mechanism of action of berberine in the treatment of COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19) pneumonia pulmonary fibrosis with the help of the network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods We predicted the role of berberine protein targets with the Pharmmapper database and the 3D structure of berberine in the Pubchem database. And GeneCards database was used in order to search disease target genes and screen common target genes. Then we used STRING web to construct PPI interaction network of common target protein. The common target genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG by DAVID database. The disease-core target gene-drug network was established and molecular docking was used for prediction. We also analyzed the binding free energy and simulates molecular dynamics of complexes. Results Berberine had 250 gene targets, COVID-19 pneumonia pulmonary fibrosis had 191 gene targets, the intersection of which was 23 in common gene targets. Molecular docking showed that berberine was associated with CCl2, IL-6, STAT3 and TNF-α. GO and KEGG analysis reveals that berberine mainly plays a vital role by the signaling pathways of influenza, inflammation and immune response. Conclusion Berberine acts on TNF-α, STAT3, IL-6, CCL2 and other targets to inhibit inflammation and the activation of fibrocytes to achieve the purpose of treating COVID-19 pneumonia pulmonary fibrosis.
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Key Words
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- BP, biological process
- Berberine
- CC, cellular component
- CCL2, chemokine ligand2
- COVID-19
- COVID-19 pneumonia
- COVID-19, corona virus disease 2019
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal cell transformation
- FOXM1, forkhead box M1
- Fsp1, fibroblast-specific protein 1
- GO, gene ontology
- HIF-1, hypoxia inducible factor
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- IL-12, interleukin 12
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- JAK, Janus kinase
- KEGG, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes
- LR-MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- MF, molecular function
- MMP14, matrix metalloproteinase 14
- MMP7, matrix metalloproteinase 7
- Molecular docking
- NF-κB, nuclear transcription factor
- NOS, nitric oxide synthase
- Network pharmacology
- OTUB1, deubiquitinase
- PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- PPI, protein-protein interaction
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- STAT3, transcription activator
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- sIL-6R, interleukin 6 receptor
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Cao
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianglei Li
- Center for Experimental Technology of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, No.783 Xindu Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaochao Wang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Center for Experimental Technology of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, No.783 Xindu Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
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19
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Mohammadi A, Balan I, Yadav S, Matos WF, Kharawala A, Gaddam M, Sarabia N, Koneru SC, Suddapalli SK, Marzban S. Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cureus 2022; 14:e22770. [PMID: 35371880 PMCID: PMC8974316 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions worldwide with a high mortality rate due to a lack of definitive treatment. Despite having a wide range of clinical features, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has emerged as the primary cause of mortality in these patients. Risk factors and comorbidities like advanced age with limited lung function, pre-existing diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity have increased the risk for severe COVID-19 infection. Rise in inflammatory markers like transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 7 (MMP-1, MMP-7), along with collagen deposition at the site of lung injury, results in extensive lung scarring and fibrosis. Anti-fibrotic drugs, such as Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, have emerged as potential treatment options for post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. A lung transplant might be the only life-saving treatment. Despite the current advances in the management of COVID-19, there is still a considerable knowledge gap in the management of long-term sequelae in such patients, especially concerning pulmonary fibrosis. Follow up on the current clinical trials and research to test the efficacy of various anti-inflammatory drugs is needed to prevent long-term sequelae early mortality in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Mohammadi
- Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.,Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - Irina Balan
- Internal Medicine, State Medical and Pharmaceutical University "N.Testemitau", Fayetteville, USA
| | - Shikha Yadav
- Internal Medicine, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu, NPL.,Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - Wanessa F Matos
- Research, Institute of Systems Biology (ISB) - Hadlock Lab, Seattle, USA.,Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - Amrin Kharawala
- Medicine, Medical College Baroda, Vadodara, IND.,Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, USA
| | - Mrunanjali Gaddam
- Internal Medicine, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, IND.,Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Noemi Sarabia
- Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | | | - Siva K Suddapalli
- Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - Sima Marzban
- Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
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20
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Shen H, Zhang N, Liu Y, Yang X, He Y, Li Q, Shen X, Zhu Y, Yang Y. The Interaction Between Pulmonary Fibrosis and COVID-19 and the Application of Related Anti-Fibrotic Drugs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:805535. [PMID: 35069217 PMCID: PMC8766975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.805535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly contagious respiratory disease, which mainly affects the lungs. Critically ill patients are easily complicated by cytokine storms, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and respiratory failure, which seriously threaten their lives. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a common interstitial lung disease, and its pathogenesis may involve the participation of a variety of immune cells and inflammatory factors. Current studies have shown that patients with COVID-19 may be complicated by pulmonary fibrosis, and patients with pulmonary fibrosis may also be at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 than healthy people. Pulmonary fibrosis is an important risk factor leading to the aggravation of COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 complicated by cytokine storm and ARDS mechanism pathways are similar to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. The potential interaction between pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19 can cause acute exacerbation of the patient’s condition, but the potential mechanism between the two has not been fully elucidated. Most of the drug treatment programs for COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis are currently formulated about the relevant guidelines for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and there is no clear drug treatment program recommendation. This article aims to summarize the relevant mechanism pathways of COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis, explore the interrelationships and possible mechanisms, and discuss the value and risks of existing and potential COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis treatment drugs, to provide reference for anti-fibrosis treatment for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Fushun County, Fushun, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuerong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ziyang People's Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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21
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The Stiffness of Cardiac Fibroblast Substrates Exerts a Regulatory Influence on Collagen Metabolism via α2β1 Integrin, FAK and Src Kinases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123506. [PMID: 34944014 PMCID: PMC8700012 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Information about mechanical strain in the extracellular space is conducted along collagen fibers connected with integrins and then transmitted within cells. An aim of the study is to verify the hypothesis that the stiffness of cardiac human fibroblast substrates exerts a regulatory effect on collagen metabolism via integrin α2β1 and downstream signaling. The experiments were performed on human cardiac fibroblasts cultured on stiff or soft polyacrylamide gels. Extracellular and intracellular collagen content, metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and expression of the α1 chain of the procollagen type I gene (Col1A1) were elevated in cultures settled on soft substrate. The substrate stiffness did not modify tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase capacity (TIMPs 1–4). Integrin α2β1 inhibition (TC-I 15) or α2 subunit silencing resulted in augmentation of collagen content within the culture. Expression of Col1A1 and Col3A1 genes was increased in TC-I 15-treated fibroblasts. Total and phosphorylated levels of both FAK and Src kinases were elevated in fibroblasts cultured on stiff substrate. Inhibition of FAK (FAK kinase inhibitor 14) or Src kinase (AZM 47527) increased collagen content within the culture. The substrate stiffness exerted a regulatory influence on collagen metabolism via integrin α2β1 and its downstream signaling (FAK and Src kinases) in cardiac fibroblasts.
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22
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In vitro impact preliminary assessment of airborne particulate from metalworking and woodworking industries. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20181. [PMID: 34642423 PMCID: PMC8511069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate the mode of action of pollutants. Gillian3500 pumps were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using an MTT assay. For preliminary assessment, RT-qPCR analyses were performed to analyze the expression of gelsolin, caspase-3, and IL-6. Tissue morphology was assessed by hematoxylin/eosin staining. An effect on the proliferation of lung epithelial cell line A549 was assessed. Acute exposure to workspace pollutants slightly affected tissue viability and did not change the morphology. No inhibiting effect was observed on the proliferation of A549 cells. Preliminary analysis showed that both types of particles suppressed the expression of gelsolin, with the effect of metalworking samples being more pronounced. A slight reduction in caspase-3 expression was observed. Particles from metalworking suppressed IL-6 expression.
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23
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Pryimak N, Zaiachuk M, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. The Potential Use of Cannabis in Tissue Fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:715380. [PMID: 34708034 PMCID: PMC8542845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.715380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a condition characterized by thickening or/and scarring of various tissues. Fibrosis may develop in almost all tissues and organs, and it may be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. It provokes excessive scarring that excels the usual wound healing response to trauma in numerous organs. Currently, very little can be done to prevent tissue fibrosis, and it is almost impossible to reverse it. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs are among the few treatments that may be efficient in preventing fibrosis. Numerous publications suggest that cannabinoids and extracts of Cannabis sativa have potent anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic properties. In this review, we describe the types and mechanisms of fibrosis in various tissues and discuss various strategies for prevention and dealing with tissue fibrosis. We further introduce cannabinoids and their potential for the prevention and treatment of fibrosis, and therefore for extending healthy lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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24
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Shin YJ, Kim SH, Park CM, Kim HY, Kim IH, Yang MJ, Lee K, Kim MS. Exposure to cigarette smoke exacerbates polyhexamethylene guanidine-induced lung fibrosis in mice. J Toxicol Sci 2021; 46:487-497. [PMID: 34602533 DOI: 10.2131/jts.46.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is the leading cause of chronic pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of repeated CS exposure on polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. A single intratracheal instillation of 0.6 mg/kg PHMG enhanced the immune response of mice by increasing the number of total and specific inflammatory cell types in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. It induced histopathological changes such as granulomatous inflammation/fibrosis and macrophage infiltration in the lungs. These responses were upregulated upon exposure to a combination of PHMG and CS. In contrast, a 4-hr/day exposure to 300 mg/m3 CS alone for 2 weeks by nose-only inhalation resulted in minimal inflammation in the mouse lung. Furthermore, PHMG administration increased the expression of fibrogenic mediators, especially in the pulmonary tissues of the PHMG + CS group compared with that in the PHMG alone group. However, there was no upregulation in the expression of inflammatory cytokines following exposure to a combination of PHMG and CS. Our results demonstrate that repeated exposure to CS may promote the development of PHMG-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Shin
- Inhalation Toxicity Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factors, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Chul Min Park
- Inhalation Toxicity Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Young Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factors, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - In-Hyeon Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factors, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yang
- Pathology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factors, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea.,Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Inhalation Toxicity Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
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25
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Takao S, Nakashima T, Masuda T, Namba M, Sakamoto S, Yamaguchi K, Horimasu Y, Miyamoto S, Iwamoto H, Fujitaka K, Hamada H, Takahashi S, Nakashima A, Hattori N. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in serum-free media demonstrate enhanced antifibrotic abilities via prolonged survival and robust regulatory T cell induction in murine bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:506. [PMID: 34530920 PMCID: PMC8444523 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a potential therapeutic tool for pulmonary fibrosis. However, ex vivo MSC expansion using serum poses risks of harmful immune responses or unknown pathogen infections in the recipients. Therefore, MSCs cultured in serum-free media (SF-MSCs) are ideal for clinical settings; however, their efficacy in pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of SF-MSCs on bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis compared to those of MSCs cultured in serum-containing media (S-MSCs). Methods SF-MSCs and S-MSCs were characterized in vitro using RNA sequence analysis. The in vivo kinetics and efficacy of SF-MSC therapy were investigated using a murine model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. For normally distributed data, Student’s t test and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance followed by post hoc Tukey’s test were used for comparison between two groups and multiple groups, respectively. For non-normally distributed data, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for comparison between groups, using e Bonferroni’s correction for multiple comparisons. All tests were two-sided, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Serum-free media promoted human bone marrow-derived MSC expansion and improved lung engraftment of intravenously administered MSCs in recipient mice. SF-MSCs inhibited the reduction in serum transforming growth factor-β1 and the increase of interleukin-6 in both the serum and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. SF-MSC administration increased the numbers of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the blood and lungs more strongly than in S-MSC administration. Furthermore, SF-MSCs demonstrated enhanced antifibrotic effects on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which were diminished by antibody-mediated Treg depletion. Conclusions SF-MSCs significantly suppressed BLM-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis through enhanced induction of Tregs into the lungs and corrected the dysregulated cytokine balance. Therefore, SF-MSCs could be a useful tool for preventing pulmonary fibrosis progression without the demerits of serum use. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02574-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Takao
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Taku Nakashima
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masashi Namba
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kakuhiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasushi Horimasu
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shintaro Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kazunori Fujitaka
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hamada
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shinya Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Noboru Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Jenkins RH, Hughes STO, Figueras AC, Jones SA. Unravelling the broader complexity of IL-6 involvement in health and disease. Cytokine 2021; 148:155684. [PMID: 34411990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The classification of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a pro-inflammatory cytokine undervalues the biological impact of this cytokine in health and disease. With broad activities affecting the immune system, tissue homeostasis and metabolic processes, IL-6 displays complex biology. The significance of these involvements has become increasingly important in clinical settings where IL-6 is identified as a prominent target for therapy. Here, clinical experience with IL-6 antagonists emphasises the need to understand the context-dependent properties of IL-6 within an inflammatory environment and the anticipated or unexpected consequences of IL-6 blockade. In this review, we will describe the immunobiology of IL-6 and explore the gamut of IL-6 bioactivity affecting the clinical response to biological drugs targeting this cytokine pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Jenkins
- Division of Infection & Immunity, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Stuart T O Hughes
- Division of Infection & Immunity, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Ana Cardus Figueras
- Division of Infection & Immunity, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Simon A Jones
- Division of Infection & Immunity, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
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Oldham JM. Interstitial Lung Abnormalities and Aging Biomarkers: A Mediation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203:1058-1060. [PMID: 33227215 PMCID: PMC8314893 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202011-4046ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine University of California at Davis Sacramento, California
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28
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The interplay of DAMPs, TLR4, and proinflammatory cytokines in pulmonary fibrosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1373-1384. [PMID: 34258628 PMCID: PMC8277227 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic debilitating condition characterized by progressive deposition of connective tissue, leading to a steady restriction of lung elasticity, a decline in lung function, and a median survival of 4.5 years. The leading causes of pulmonary fibrosis are inhalation of foreign particles (such as silicosis and pneumoconiosis), infections (such as post COVID-19), autoimmune diseases (such as systemic autoimmune diseases of the connective tissue), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The therapeutics currently available for pulmonary fibrosis only modestly slow the progression of the disease. This review is centered on the interplay of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17) as they contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, and the possible avenues to develop effective therapeutics that disrupt this interplay.
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29
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Tascioglu D, Akkaya E, Genc S. The understanding of the immunopathology in COVID-19 infection. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2021; 81:255-263. [PMID: 34032527 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2021.1892817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coronaviruses belonging to the Coronaviridae family are single-stranded RNA viruses. The entry of SARS-CoV-2 is accomplished via ACE-2 receptors. SARS-CoV-2 infection coactivates both innate and adaptive immune responses. Although SARS-CoV-2 stimulates antibody production with a typical pattern of IgM/IgG, cellular immunity is also impaired. In severe cases, low CD4 + and CD8 + T cell counts are associated with impaired immune functions, and high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios accompanying low lymphocyte subsets have been demonstrated. Recently, high IFN -α/γ ratios with impaired T cell responses, and increased IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, IP-10, IL-4, IL-10 have been reported in COVID-19 infection. Increased proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in patients with severe COVID-19 may cause the suppression of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells and regulatory T cells, causing excessive inflammatory responses and fatal cytokine storm with tissue and organ damage. Consequently, novel therapeutics to be developed against host immune system, including blockade of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1, IFN) themselves, their receptors or signaling pathways- JAK inhibitors- could be effective as potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Tascioglu
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Liv Hospital, Istinye University, Esenyurt, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Akkaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Genc
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Peng W, Chang M, Wu Y, Zhu W, Tong L, Zhang G, Wang Q, Liu J, Zhu X, Cheng T, Li Y, Chen X, Weng D, Liu S, Zhang H, Su Y, Zhou J, Li H, Song Y. Lyophilized powder of mesenchymal stem cell supernatant attenuates acute lung injury through the IL-6-p-STAT3-p63-JAG2 pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:216. [PMID: 33781349 PMCID: PMC8008635 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are syndromes of acute respiratory failure with extremely high mortality and few effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may reportedly contribute to tissue repair in ALI and ARDS. However, applications of MSCs have been restricted due to safety considerations and limitations in terms of large-scale production and industrial delivery. Alternatively, the MSC secretome has been considered promising for use in therapeutic approaches and has been advanced in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Furthermore, the MSC secretome can be freeze-dried into a stable and ready-to-use supernatant lyophilized powder (SLP) form. Currently, there are no studies on the role of MSC SLP in ALI. METHODS Intratracheal bleomycin was used to induce ALI in mice, and intratracheal MSC SLP was administered as a treatment. Histopathological assessment was performed by hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining. Apoptosis, inflammatory infiltration, immunological cell counts, cytokine levels, and mRNA- and protein-expression levels of relevant targets were measured by performing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assays, determining total cell and protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, flow cytometry, multiple cytokine-detection techniques, and reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS We found that intratracheal MSC SLP considerably promoted cell survival, inhibited epithelial cell apoptosis, attenuated inflammatory cell recruitment, and reversed immunological imbalances induced by bleomycin. MSC SLP inhibited the interleukin 6-phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway to activate tumor protein 63-jagged 2 signaling in basal cells, suppress T helper 17 cell differentiation, promote p63+ cell proliferation and lung damage repair, and attenuate inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS MSC SLP ameliorated ALI by activating p63 and promoting p63+ cell proliferation and the repair of damaged epithelial cells. The findings of this study also shed insight into ALI pathogenesis and imply that MSC SLP shows considerable therapeutic promise for treating ALI and ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Meijia Chang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wensi Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yijia Li
- Public Translational Platform for Cell Therapy, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Yunnan Province Stem cell Bank, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong Weng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Sanhong Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yao Su
- Public Translational Platform for Cell Therapy, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200540, China.
| | - Huayin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200540, China.
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31
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She YX, Yu QY, Tang XX. Role of interleukins in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:52. [PMID: 33723241 PMCID: PMC7960958 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukins, a group of cytokines participating in inflammation and immune response, are proved to be involved in the formation and development of pulmonary fibrosis. In this article, we reviewed the relationship between interleukins and pulmonary fibrosis from the clinical, animal, as well as cellular levels, and discussed the underlying mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Despite the effects of interleukin-targeted treatment on experimental pulmonary fibrosis, clinical applications are lacking and unsatisfactory. We conclude that intervening in one type of interleukins with similar functions in IPF may not be enough to stop the development of fibrosis as it involves a complex network of regulation mechanisms. Intervening interleukins combined with other existing therapy or targeting interleukins affecting multiple cells/with different functions at the same time may be one of the future directions. Furthermore, the intervention time is critical as some interleukins play different roles at different stages. Further elucidation on these aspects would provide new perspectives on both the pathogenesis mechanism, as well as the therapeutic strategy and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xin She
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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32
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Rai N, Baidya DK. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic: Is Sequela the Bigger Threat? Indian J Crit Care Med 2021; 25:245-246. [PMID: 33707913 PMCID: PMC7922440 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
How to cite this article: Rai N, Baidya DK. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic: Is Sequela the Bigger Threat? Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(2):245-246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Rai
- Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi, India
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33
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Jafarzadeh A, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S. Contribution of STAT3 to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104836. [PMID: 33691172 PMCID: PMC7937040 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyper-inflammatory responses, lymphopenia, unbalanced immune responses, cytokine storm, large viral replication and massive cell death play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Extreme production of many kinds of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines occur in severe COVID-19 that called cytokine storm. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) present in the cytoplasm in an inactive form and can be stimulated by a vast range of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Thus, STAT-3 can participate in the induction of inflammatory responses during coronavirus infections. STAT-3 can also suppress anti-virus interferon response and induce unbalanced anti-virus adaptive immune response, through influencing Th17-, Th1-, Treg-, and B cell-mediated functions. Furthermore, STAT-3 can contribute to the M2 macrophage polarization, lung fibrosis and thrombosis. Moreover, STAT-3 may be directly targeted by some virus-derived protein and operate as a pro-viral or anti-viral element in a virus-specific process. Here, the possible contribution of STAT-3 to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 was explained, while providing potential approaches to target this transcription factor in an attempt for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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34
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Jamshidi E, Babajani A, Soltani P, Niknejad H. Proposed Mechanisms of Targeting COVID-19 by Delivering Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exosomes to Damaged Organs. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:176-192. [PMID: 33432484 PMCID: PMC7799400 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the world has been facing an unprecedented challenge. Considering the lack of appropriate therapy for COVID-19, it is crucial to develop effective treatments instead of supportive approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as multipotent stromal cells have been shown to possess treating potency through inhibiting or modulating the pathological events in COVID-19. MSCs and their exosomes participate in immunomodulation by controlling cell-mediated immunity and cytokine release. Furthermore, they repair the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) malfunction, increase alveolar fluid clearance, and reduce the chance of hypercoagulation. Besides the lung, which is the primary target of SARS-CoV-2, the heart, kidney, nervous system, and gastrointestinal tract are also affected by COVID-19. Thus, the efficacy of targeting these organs via different delivery routes of MSCs and their exosomes should be evaluated to ensure safe and effective MSCs administration in COVID-19. This review focuses on the proposed therapeutic mechanisms and delivery routes of MSCs and their exosomes to the damaged organs. It also discusses the possible application of primed and genetically modified MSCs as a promising drug delivery system in COVID-19. Moreover, the recent advances in the clinical trials of MSCs and MSCs-derived exosomes as one of the promising therapeutic approaches in COVID-19 have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Soltani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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35
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P KM, Sivashanmugam K, Kandasamy M, Subbiah R, Ravikumar V. Repurposing of histone deacetylase inhibitors: A promising strategy to combat pulmonary fibrosis promoted by TGF-β signalling in COVID-19 survivors. Life Sci 2020; 266:118883. [PMID: 33316266 PMCID: PMC7831549 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread around the world causing global public health emergency. In the last twenty years, we have witnessed several viral epidemics such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 and most recently Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). There were tremendous efforts endeavoured globally by scientists to combat these viral diseases and now for SARS-CoV-2. Several drugs such as chloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, favipiravir and dexamethasone are adopted for use against COVID-19 and currently clinical studies are underway to test their safety and efficacy for treating COVID-19 patients. As per World Health Organization reports, so far more than 16 million people are affected by COVID-19 with a recovery of close to 10 million and deaths at 600,000 globally. SARS-CoV-2 infection is reported to cause extensive pulmonary damages in affected people. Given the large number of recoveries, it is important to follow-up the recovered patients for apparent lung function abnormalities. In this review, we discuss our understanding about the development of long-term pulmonary abnormalities such as lung fibrosis observed in patients recovered from coronavirus infections (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) and probable epigenetic therapeutic strategy to prevent the development of similar pulmonary abnormalities in SARS-CoV-2 recovered patients. In this regard, we address the use of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors therapy to manage pulmonary fibrosis and their underlying molecular mechanisms in managing the pathologic processes in COVID-19 recovered patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Murthy P
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Mahesh Kandasamy
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India; Faculty Recharge Programme, University Grants Commission (UGC-FRP), New Delhi, India
| | - Rajasekaran Subbiah
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhauri, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vilwanathan Ravikumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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36
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Tocilizumab for treatment patients with COVID-19: Recommended medication for novel disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107018. [PMID: 33045577 PMCID: PMC7494278 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus has spread all over the world. Scientists are trying to discover drugs as effective treatment for patients with COVID-19. So far about 30 drugs have been introduced that one of them is Tocilizumab. Recently Tocilizumab has been introduced to treat patients with COVID-19 and researchers are investigating further the efficacy of this drug for different are patients. In Iran and China, some reports showed a positive effect of Tocilizumab on Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SPO2) but results of CT scan in patients in different. In some patients, CT scan showed reduced infiltration, however in other no change was observed. Unfortunately, until now there has been no definitive and effective treatment for patients with COVID-19. Although Tocilizumab has been accepted by China Health Commission to treat infected patients, its positive effects still cannot be predicted in all patients. Based on evidence of the Tocilizumab's effect on the SARS COV 2, researchers hope this drug will make effective and promising treatment to improve lung tissue inflammation in patients with the fatal COVID-19 virus. The present study provides an overview of respiratory inflammation with COVID-19 and probable effect of Tocilizumab on SARS-COV 2.
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37
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Chen X, Wu Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Zheng W, Zhou S, Xu H, Li Y, Yuan L, Xiang C. Human menstrual blood-derived stem cells mitigate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:477. [PMID: 33176882 PMCID: PMC7656201 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a kind of diffuse interstitial lung disease, the pathogenesis of which is unclear, and there is currently a lack of good treatment to improve the survival rate. Human menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) have shown great potential in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of MenSCs for bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS We investigated the transplantation of MenSCs in a pulmonary fibrosis mouse model induced by BLM. Mouse was divided into three groups: control group, BLM group, MenSC group. Twenty-one days after MenSC transplantation, we examined collagen content, pathological, fibrosis area in the lung tissue, and the level of inflammatory factors of serum. RNA sequence was used to examine the differential expressed gene between three groups. Transwell coculture experiments were further used to examine the function of MenSCs to MLE-12 cells and mouse lung fibroblasts (MLFs) in vitro. RESULTS We observed that transplantation of MenSCs significantly improves pulmonary fibrosis mouse through evaluations of pathological lesions, collagen deposition, and inflammation. Transwell coculturing experiments showed that MenSCs suppress the proliferation and the differentiation of MLFs and inhibit the apoptosis of MLE-12 cells. Furthermore, antibody array results demonstrated that MenSCs inhibit the apoptosis of MLE-12 cells by suppressing the expression of inflammatory-related cytokines, including RANTES, Eotaxin, GM-CSF, MIP-1γ, MCP-5, CCL1, and GITR. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggested MenSCs have a great potential in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, and cytokines revealed in antibody array are expected to become the target of future therapy of MenSCs in clinical treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wendi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sining Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huikang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yuan
- Innovative Precision Medicine (IPM) Group, Hangzhou, 311215 China
| | - Charlie Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
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38
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Dual Effect of Soloxolone Methyl on LPS-Induced Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217876. [PMID: 33114200 PMCID: PMC7660695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-extracted triterpenoids belong to a class of bioactive compounds with pleotropic functions, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this work, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of a semisynthetic derivative of 18βH-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βH-GA), soloxolone methyl (methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-18βH-olean-9(11),1(2)-dien-30-oate, or SM) in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and in vivo in models of acute inflammation: LPS-induced endotoxemia and carrageenan-induced peritonitis. SM used at non-cytotoxic concentrations was found to attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (II) and increase the level of reduced glutathione production by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, SM strongly suppressed the phagocytic and migration activity of activated macrophages. These effects were found to be associated with the stimulation of heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) expression, as well as with the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Akt phosphorylation. Surprisingly, it was found that SM significantly enhanced LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in RAW264.7 cells via activation of the c-Jun/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling axis. In vivo pre-exposure treatment with SM effectively inhibited the development of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in the peritoneal cavity, but it did not improve LPS-induced inflammation in the endotoxemia model.
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Wosiski-Kuhn M, Caress JB, Cartwright MS, Hawkins GA, Milligan C. Interleukin 6 (IL6) level is a biomarker for functional disease progression within IL6R358Ala variant groups in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2020; 22:248-259. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2020.1813310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Wosiski-Kuhn
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James B. Caress
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA, and
| | - Michael S. Cartwright
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA, and
| | - Gregory A. Hawkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carol Milligan
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Chiang CC, Chen CM, Suen JL, Su HH, Hsieh CC, Cheng CM. Stimulatory effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) on pulmonary fibroblast differentiation. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:988-994. [PMID: 32727693 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that prolonged micro-aspiration of gastric fluid is associated in gastroesophageal reflux disease with the development of chronic respiratory diseases, possibly caused by inflammation-related immunomodulation. Therefore, we sought to ascertain the effect of gastric fluid exposure on pulmonary residential cells. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin as a fibrotic marker was increased in both normal human pulmonary fibroblast cells and mouse macrophages. Gastric fluid enhanced the proliferation and migration of HFL-1 cells and stimulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in an antibody assay. Elevated expression of the Rho signaling pathway was noted in fibroblast cells stimulated with gastric fluid or conditioned media. These results indicate that gastric fluid alone, or the mixture of proinflammatory mediators induced by gastric fluid in the pulmonary context, can stimulate pulmonary fibroblast cell inflammation, migration, and differentiation, suggesting that a wound healing process is initiated. Subsequent aberrant repair in pulmonary residential cells may lead to pulmonary fibroblast differentiation and fibrotic progression. The results point to a stimulatory effect of chronic GERD on pulmonary fibroblast differentiation, and this may promote the development of chronic pulmonary diseases in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Che Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ming Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chun Shan Medicine University, Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jau Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chong Chao Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Ugai K, Matsuda S, Mikami H, Shimada A, Misawa T, Nakamura H, Tatsumi K, Hatano M, Murayama T, Kasuya Y. Inhibition of the SET8 Pathway Ameliorates Lung Fibrosis Even Through Fibroblast Dedifferentiation. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:192. [PMID: 32850975 PMCID: PMC7419601 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease of unknown etiopathogenesis. The activation of extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing myofibroblasts plays a key role in fibrotic tissue remodeling. The dedifferentiation of myofibroblasts has attracted considerable attention as a promising target for the development of effective therapeutic interventions against IPF. Here, we screened a small library of epigenetics-related inhibitors using dedifferentiation assay of lung myofibroblasts prepared from a patient at the terminal stages of IPF and chose UNC0379. The inhibition of SET8, a histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20) monomethyltransferase, by UNC0379 markedly suppressed the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and ED-A-fibronectin in myofibroblasts. In IPF myofibroblasts, SET8 expression and H4K20 monomethylation (H4K20me1) levels, which were significantly higher than those in normal human lung fibroblasts, were reduced upon treatment with UNC0379. Hence, the changes in the expression of the two fibrotic markers clearly correlated with those in SET8 expression and H4K20me1 level. Furthermore, in a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis, the intratracheal administration of UNC0379 at an early fibrotic stage markedly ameliorated the histopathological changes associated with collagen deposition in the lungs. However, treatment with UNC0379 did not significantly affect the number of proinflammatory cells or cytokine production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from mice treated with BLM. In the BLM-injured lung, SET8 was predominantly localized to the nuclei of α-SMA-positive cells, which colocalized with H4K20me1. Taken together, our results indicate that the inhibition of SET8 resulting in myofibroblast dedifferentiation may partly mitigate lung fibrosis without affecting the inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Ugai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Mikami
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayako Shimada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Misawa
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hatano
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Kasuya
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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42
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George PM, Wells AU, Jenkins RG. Pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19: the potential role for antifibrotic therapy. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2020; 8:807-815. [PMID: 32422178 PMCID: PMC7228727 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 674] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In December, 2019, reports emerged from Wuhan, China, of a severe acute respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). By the end of April, 2020, over 3 million people had been confirmed infected, with over 1 million in the USA alone, and over 215 000 deaths. The symptoms associated with COVID-19 are diverse, ranging from mild upper respiratory tract symptoms to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. The major risk factors for severe COVID-19 are shared with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), namely increasing age, male sex, and comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. However, the role of antifibrotic therapy in patients with IPF who contract SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the scientific rationale for their continuation or cessation, is poorly defined. Furthermore, several licensed and potential antifibrotic compounds have been assessed in models of acute lung injury and viral pneumonia. Data from previous coronavirus infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome, as well as emerging data from the COVID-19 pandemic, suggest there could be substantial fibrotic consequences following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antifibrotic therapies that are available or in development could have value in preventing severe COVID-19 in patients with IPF, have the potential to treat severe COVID-19 in patients without IPF, and might have a role in preventing fibrosis after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M George
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Athol U Wells
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - R Gisli Jenkins
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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43
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Kirtipal N, Bharadwaj S. Interleukin 6 polymorphisms as an indicator of COVID-19 severity in humans. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4563-4565. [PMID: 32490733 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1776640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Kirtipal
- Department of Science, Modern Institute of Technology, Dhalwala, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shiv Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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McGonagle D, Sharif K, O'Regan A, Bridgewood C. The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102537. [PMID: 32251717 PMCID: PMC7195002 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1119] [Impact Index Per Article: 279.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia patients may exhibit features of systemic hyper-inflammation designated under the umbrella term of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or cytokine storm, also known as secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (sHLH). This is distinct from HLH associated with immunodeficiency states termed primary HLH -with radically different therapy strategies in both situations. COVID-19 infection with MAS typically occurs in subjects with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and historically, non-survival in ARDS was linked to sustained IL-6 and IL-1 elevation. We provide a model for the classification of MAS to stratify the MAS-like presentation in COVID-19 pneumonia and explore the complexities of discerning ARDS from MAS. We discuss the potential impact of timing of anti-cytokine therapy on viral clearance and the impact of such therapy on intra-pulmonary macrophage activation and emergent pulmonary vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK.
| | - Kassem Sharif
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anthony O'Regan
- National University of Ireland, Saolta University Healthcare Group, Galway, Ireland
| | - Charlie Bridgewood
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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45
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Gubernatorova EO, Gorshkova EA, Polinova AI, Drutskaya MS. IL-6: Relevance for immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 53:13-24. [PMID: 32475759 PMCID: PMC7237916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 mortality is strongly associated with the development of severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome with the worst outcome resulting in cytokine release syndrome and multiorgan failure. It is becoming critically important to identify at the early stage of the infection those patients who are prone to develop the most adverse effects. Elevated systemic interleukin-6 levels in patients with COVID-19 are considered as a relevant parameter in predicting most severe course of disease and the need for intensive care. This review discusses the mechanisms by which IL-6 may possibly contribute to disease exacerbation and the potential of therapeutic approaches based on anti-IL-6 biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Gubernatorova
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Immunity, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E A Gorshkova
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Immunity, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Polinova
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Immunity, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Drutskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Immunity, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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46
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Kim YS, Li Q, Youn HY, Kim DY. Oral Administration of Chitosan Attenuates Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats. In Vivo 2020; 33:1455-1461. [PMID: 31471392 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal disorder of unknown aetiology with limited treatment options. Chitosan has antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumour, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan administration on bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A PF rat model was established by endotracheal instillation of 5 mg/kg BLM; then, chitosan was administered in drinking water for 3 weeks. Histology, cell counts, and cytokine responses in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and weight measurements (body and lung) were analyzed to assess its therapeutic effects. RESULTS Chitosan administration tended to reduce transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels in BALF, and histopathological examination confirmed that chitosan attenuated the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in the lung. CONCLUSION This study revealed that oral chitosan exhibits potential antifibrotic effects, as measured by decreased proinflammatory cytokine levels and histological evaluation, in a BLM-induced PF rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Seok Kim
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,KPC Corporation, Oporo, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Bio-nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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47
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Bisserier M, Hadri L. Lung-targeted SERCA2a Gene Therapy: From Discovery to Therapeutic Application in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 2:149-156. [PMID: 32587955 PMCID: PMC7316402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by an accumulation of scar tissue within the lungs and the common presence of usual interstitial pneumonia. Unfortunately, only a few FDA-approved therapeutic options are currently available for the treatment of IPF and IPF remains associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, the identification of new pharmacological targets and strategies are critical for the treatment of IPF. This commentary aims to further discuss the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a and its downstream signaling in IPF. Finally, this commentary offers new insights and perspectives regarding the therapeutic potential of AAV-mediated SERCA2A gene therapy as an emerging therapy for respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Correspondence should be addressed to Lahouaria Hadri, PhD, Cardiovascular Research Center, Box 1030, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029;
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Bisserier M, Milara J, Abdeldjebbar Y, Gubara S, Jones C, Bueno-Beti C, Chepurko E, Kohlbrenner E, Katz MG, Tarzami S, Cortijo J, Leopold J, Hajjar RJ, Sassi Y, Hadri L. AAV1.SERCA2a Gene Therapy Reverses Pulmonary Fibrosis by Blocking the STAT3/FOXM1 Pathway and Promoting the SNON/SKI Axis. Mol Ther 2019; 28:394-410. [PMID: 31879190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) by restoring sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a isoform (SERCA2a) expression using targeted gene therapy may be a potentially powerful new treatment approach for PF. Here, we found that SERCA2a expression was significantly decreased in lung samples from patients with PF and in the bleomycin (BLM) mouse model of PF. In the BLM-induced PF model, intratracheal aerosolized adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) encoding for human SERCA2a (AAV1.hSERCA2a) reduces lung fibrosis and associated vascular remodeling. SERCA2a gene therapy also decreases right ventricular pressure and hypertrophy in both prevention and curative protocols. In vitro, we observed that SERCA2a overexpression inhibits fibroblast proliferation, migration, and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition induced by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1). Thus, pro-fibrotic gene expression is prevented by blocking nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation. This effect is signaled toward an inhibitory mechanism of small mother against decapentaplegic (SMAD)/TGF-β signaling through the repression of OTU deubiquitinase, ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1 (OTUB1) and Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1). Interestingly, this cross-inhibition leads to an increase of SKI and SnoN expression, an auto-inhibitory feedback loop of TGF-β signaling. Collectively, our results demonstrate that SERCA2a gene transfer attenuates bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF by blocking the STAT3/FOXM1 pathway and promoting the SNON/SKI Axis. Thus, SERCA2a gene therapy may be a potential therapeutic target for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Javier Milara
- Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Pharmacy Unit, University Clinic Hospital, Valencia, Spain; CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yassine Abdeldjebbar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sarah Gubara
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carly Jones
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carlos Bueno-Beti
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena Chepurko
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erik Kohlbrenner
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael G Katz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sima Tarzami
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Pharmacy Unit, University Clinic Hospital, Valencia, Spain; CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jane Leopold
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yassine Sassi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Thimraj TA, Sompa SI, Ganguly K, Ernstgård L, Johanson G, Palmberg L, Upadhyay S. Evaluation of diacetyl mediated pulmonary effects in physiologically relevant air-liquid interface models of human primary bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104617. [PMID: 31381966 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diacetyl is an artificial flavouring agent, known to cause bronchiolitis obliterans. Diacetyl-induced pulmonary effects were assessed in human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI). The PBEC-ALI models were exposed to clean air (sham) and diacetyl vapour (1, 3, 10 and 30 ppm) for 30 min. At 6 and 24 h post-exposure, cell medium was sampled for assessment of cytotoxicity measurement, and CXCL8, MMP9 secretion by ELISA. Pro-inflammatory, oxidative stress, tissue injury/repair, anti-protease and beta-defensin markers were assessed using qRT-PCR. Additionally, epidermal growth factor receptor ligands (amphiregulin) and anti-protease (SLPI) were analysed at 6 h, 8 h and 24 h post exposure to 1 and 10 ppm diacetyl. No significant cytotoxicity was observed at any exposure level. MMP9 was significantly increased in both apical and basal media at 24 h. Both SLPI and amphiregulin secretion were significantly increased following exposure to 10 ppm diacetyl. Exposure of PBEC-ALI model to diacetyl vapour resulted in significantly altered transcript expression of pro-inflammatory, oxidative stress, anti-protease, tissue injury/repair markers. Changes in transcript expression of significantly altered markers were more prominent 24 h post-exposure compared to 6 h. This study warrants further mechanistic investigations to elucidate the pulmonary effects of inhaled diacetyl vapour using physiologically relevant in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania A Thimraj
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Shanzina I Sompa
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Koustav Ganguly
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lena Ernstgård
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gunnar Johanson
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lena Palmberg
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Swapna Upadhyay
- Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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50
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The Possible Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis considering MUC5B. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9712464. [PMID: 31309122 PMCID: PMC6594326 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9712464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Overexpression of the MUC5B protein is associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but little information is available regarding the pathogenic effects and regulatory mechanisms of overexpressed MUC5B in IPF. Main Body The overexpression of MUC5B in terminal bronchi and honeycomb cysts produces mucosal host defensive dysfunction in the distal airway which may play an important role in the development of IPF. This review addresses the possible association of overexpression of MUC5B, with MUC5B promoter polymorphism, MUC5B gene epigenetic changes, effects of some transcriptional factors, and inflammatory mediators in IPF. In addition, the associated signaling pathways which may influence the expression of MUC5B are also discussed. Conclusion This work has important implications for further exploration of the mechanisms of overexpression of MUC5B in IPF, and future personalized treatment.
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