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AlBloushi S, Al-Ahmad M. Exploring the immunopathology of type 2 inflammatory airway diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1285598. [PMID: 38680486 PMCID: PMC11045947 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1285598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant advancements have been achieved in understanding the roles of different immune cells, as well as cytokines and chemokines, in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway conditions. This review examines the pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP), marked by complex immune dysregulation, with major contributions from type 2 inflammation and dysfunctional airway epithelium. The presence of eosinophils and the role of T-cell subsets, particularly an imbalance between Treg and Th17 cells, are crucial to the disease's pathogenesis. The review also investigates the pathogenesis of eosinophilic asthma, a unique asthma subtype. It is characterized by inflammation and high eosinophil levels, with eosinophils playing a pivotal role in triggering type 2 inflammation. The immune response involves Th2 cells, eosinophils, and IgE, among others, all activated by genetic and environmental factors. The intricate interplay among these elements, chemokines, and innate lymphoid cells results in airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness, contributing to the pathogenesis of eosinophilic asthma. Another scope of this review is the pathogenesis of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA); a complex inflammatory disease that commonly affects the respiratory tract and small to medium-sized blood vessels. It is characterized by elevated eosinophil levels in blood and tissues. The pathogenesis involves the activation of adaptive immune responses by antigens leading to T and B cell activation and eosinophil stimulation, which causes tissue and vessel damage. On the other hand, Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitive response that occurs when the airways become colonized by aspergillus fungus, with the pathogenesis involving activation of Th2 immune responses, production of IgE antibodies, and eosinophilic action leading to bronchial inflammation and subsequent lung damage. This analysis scrutinizes how an imbalanced immune system contributes to these eosinophilic diseases. The understanding derived from this assessment can steer researchers toward designing new potential therapeutic targets for efficient control of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona Al-Ahmad
- Al-Rashed Allergy Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Chen W, Liu Q, Gao X, Geng Y, Kan H. Observational study on the potential mechanism of Sanao decoction in the treatment of asthma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37592. [PMID: 38518018 PMCID: PMC10957020 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic respiratory disease closely related to immune system dysregulation. Traditional Chinese medicine has long adopted the strategy of Sanao decoction in the treatment of bronchial asthma. However, due to the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine, we are still unclear about the specific mechanism of Sanao decoction in treating bronchial asthma. To investigate the mechanism of action of Sanao decoction in the treatment of BA using a network pharmacology approach and preliminary validation by molecular docking technology. Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform and UniProt databases were used to search the active ingredients and targets of Sanao decoction, and BA-related targets were screened according to GeneCards and online Mendelian inheritance in man database databases. The intersection targets were imported into the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction network, and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used to screen out hub genes. This study also constructed a "drug-ingredient-target" visual network diagram. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes enrichment analysis was performed on targets in the protein-protein interaction network using the ClusterProfiler package in R, with a P value < .05. Autodock software was used for molecular docking to complete the preliminary verification of core components and targets. A total of 73 active compounds and 308 targets of Sanao decoction, including 1640 BA-related disease targets, were retrieved from mainstream databases. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis suggested that Sanao decoction plays a role in the treatment of BA through signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and IL-17 signaling pathway. The 9 core goals represent the main elements related to Sanao decoction in the treatment of BA. Subsequently, the molecular docking results showed that most of the active compounds of Sanao decoction have strong binding efficiency with the hub gene. Sanao decoction has a key impact on BA through multiple channels. In summary, this intricate network reflects the potential of Sanao decoction in treating BA, a multifactorial disease. In addition, this study laid the foundation for further in vivo and in vitro experimental research and expanded the clinical application of Sanao decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpei Chen
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xuyan Gao
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yingbao Geng
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hongxing Kan
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
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Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim H, Mohsen M, Salep Aziz Hanna B, Mahmoud D, Mohamed Abdelhamid El-Khashab K. Childhood asthma biomarkers including zinc: An exploratory cross-sectional study. World J Clin Pediatr 2024; 13:87866. [PMID: 38596447 PMCID: PMC11000054 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v13.i1.87866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease. Nutritional conditions, including zinc deficiency, can affect such allergic disorders. AIM To outline the difference in serum zinc levels between asthmatic children and healthy controls. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out at Children's Hospital, Cairo University, investigating serum zinc levels in children with BA (n = 40) and healthy children (n = 21). Other markers included serum ferritin, iron, hemoglobin (Hb), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whinny tests were used for comparisons. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare serum ferritin and IgE levels with regard to asthma severity. Spearman's rank correlation was performed to explore the relationship between serum ferritin levels and both iron and Hb levels in asthmatic children. RESULTS Children with BA had higher levels of zinc, yet the difference was not significant (P = 0.115). Serum ferritin and IgE levels were significantly higher in asthmatic children (P = 0.006 and 0.001, respectively), yet their levels did not differ significantly by severity (P = 0.623 and 0.126, respectively). There was a nonsignificant weak correlation between serum ferritin levels and both serum iron and Hb levels. CONCLUSION Serum zinc levels do not seem to differ between asthmatic children and healthy children. Serum ferritin levels may be a marker of asthma control. Serum IgE levels are not markers of asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim
- Pediatric Clinical Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Mona Mohsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | | | - Dina Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
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Torres-Duque CA, Alí-Munive A, Severiche-Bueno D, Durán-Silva M, Aguirre-Franco CE, González-Florez A, Pareja-Zabala MJ, Jiménez-Maldonado L, Gonzalez-Garcia M. Tropical high altitude and severe asthma in adults: house dust mite sensitization and phenotypic distribution. J Asthma 2024; 61:222-231. [PMID: 37801283 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2263072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of information on house dust mite (HDM) sensitization and phenotype distribution in patients with severe asthma (SA) living permanently at high-altitude (HA) in tropical regions, which may be different. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize adults with SA in a tropical high altitude city (2,640 m): Bogotá, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS This observational cross-sectional study included severe asthmatic outpatients (n = 129) referred to the ASMAIRE program of the Fundación Neumológica Colombiana in Bogotá (2,640 m). Clinical history, spirometry, total IgE, blood eosinophils, and skin prick test (SPT), including HDM allergens, were performed. Phenotype definitions: Allergic/atopic (AA): IgE ≥100 IU/mL and/or at least one positive SPT; eosinophilic (EOS): blood eosinophils ≥300 cells/µL; type 2-high: AA and/or EOS phenotype; type 2-low: non-AA/non-EOS phenotype (IgE <100 IU/mL, negative SPT, and blood eosinophils <300 cells/µL). RESULTS A total of 129 adults with SA were included, 79.8% female. Phenotype distribution: AA: 61.2%; EOS: 37.2%; type 2-high: 72.1%; type 2-low: 27.9%. Among AA patients, HDM sensitization was present in 87% and 34.9% were non-eosinophilic. There was a significant overlap between the phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to non-tropical high-altitude regions, we found a high frequency of HDM sensitization in patients with AA phenotype living in a tropical high-altitude city. We also found a discrete lower frequency of EOS phenotype with no other significant differences in the phenotypic distribution compared to that described at low altitudes. We propose that tropical location may modify the effect of high altitude on HDM concentrations and allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Torres-Duque
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Abraham Alí-Munive
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Diego Severiche-Bueno
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Durán-Silva
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Carlos E Aguirre-Franco
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Angélica González-Florez
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María José Pareja-Zabala
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Libardo Jiménez-Maldonado
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Gonzalez-Garcia
- Asmaire Program and Departamento de Investigación, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
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Kim HJ, Dinh DTT, Yang J, Herath KHINM, Seo SH, Son YO, Kang I, Jee Y. High sucrose intake exacerbates airway inflammation through pathogenic Th2 and Th17 response in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acute allergic asthma in C57BL/6 mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109504. [PMID: 37944673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory disease characterized by chronic inflammation in lung tissues and excessive mucus production. High-fat diets have long been assumed to be a potential risk factor for asthma. However, to date, very few direct evidence indicating the involvement of high sucrose intake (HSI) in asthma progression exists. In this study, we investigate the effect of HSI on ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized allergic asthma mice. We observed that HSI increased the expression of inflammatory genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in adipose tissues and led to reactive oxygen species generation in the liver and lung. In addition, HSI accelerated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway leading to MMP9 activation, which promotes the chemokines and TGF-β secretion in the lungs of OVA-sensitized allergic asthma mice. More importantly, HSI significantly promoted the pathogenic Th2 and Th17 responses. The increase of IL-17A secretion by HSI increased the expression of chemokines (MCP-1, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8). It resulted in eosinophil and mast cell infiltration in the lung and trachea. We also demonstrated that HSI increased mucus hypersecretion, which was validated by increased main mucin protein (MUC5AC) secreted in the lungs. Our findings suggest that HSI exacerbates the development of Th2/Th17-predominant asthma by upregulating the TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway, leading to excessive MMP9 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Duong Thi Thuy Dinh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Yang
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University
| | | | - Seok Hee Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University
| | - Inhae Kang
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngheun Jee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Rubel KE, Lubner RJ, Lopez AA, Li P, Huang LC, Sheng Q, Wu J, Wise SK, DelGaudio JM, Chandra RK, Chowdhury N, Turner JH. Inflammatory characteristics of central compartment atopic disease. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023; 13:2133-2143. [PMID: 37302116 PMCID: PMC10711148 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) is an emerging phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) characterized by prominent central nasal inflammatory changes. This study compares the inflammatory characteristics of CCAD relative to other phenotypes of CRSwNP. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of data from a prospective clinical study was performed on patients with CRSwNP who were undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Patients with CCAD, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), and non-typed CRSwNP (CRSwNP NOS) were included and mucus cytokine levels and demographic data were analyzed for each group. Chi-squared/Mann-Whitney U tests and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed for comparison and classification. RESULTS A total of 253 patients were analyzed (CRSwNP, n = 137; AFRS, n = 50; AERD, n = 42; CCAD, n = 24). Patients with CCAD were the least likely to have comorbid asthma (p = 0.0004). The incidence of allergic rhinitis in CCAD patients did not vary significantly compared to patients with AFRS and AERD, but was higher compared to patients with CRSwNP NOS (p = 0.04). On univariate analysis, CCAD was characterized by less inflammatory burden, with reduced levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and eotaxin relative to other groups and significantly lower type 2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13) relative to both AERD and AFRS. These findings were supported by multivariate PLS-DA, which clustered CCAD patients into a relatively homogenous low-inflammatory cytokine profile. CONCLUSIONS CCAD has unique endotypic features compared to other patients with CRSwNP. The lower inflammatory burden may be reflective of a less severe variant of CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolin E Rubel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rory J Lubner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andrea A Lopez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Li-Ching Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Quanhu Sheng
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeffanie Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sarah K Wise
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John M DelGaudio
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rakesh K Chandra
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Naweed Chowdhury
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Justin H Turner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Bae HD, Cho M, Seo H, Lyoo IK, Lee K. Targeting the translationally controlled tumor protein by a monoclonal antibody improves allergic airway inflammation in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115655. [PMID: 37806090 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretion of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) was found in body fluids during the late phase of allergic reactions, implicating TCTP in allergic diseases. Furthermore, blocking TCTP has been shown to be helpful in treating asthma and allergies in animal models. The objectives of this study were to produce anti-TCTP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), test their ability to inhibit the cytokine-like function of dimeric TCTP (dTCTP) in vitro and to assess their therapeutic effects in a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation. We first verified the inhibitory effects of 4 anti-TCTP mAbs on dTCTP-induced secretion of IL-8 in BEAS-2B cells. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of anti-TCTP mAbs on allergic airway inflammation, we treated OVA-sensitized mice with anti-TCTP mAbs before OVA challenge. The changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels in both BALF and lung homogenates, plasma levels of OVA-specific IgE, and lung tissues were analyzed. We found that JEW-M449 anti-TCTP mAb bound to the flexible loop of TCTP and significantly inhibited dTCTP-induced IL-8 release, making it the most effective inhibitor in our study. We also found that treatment with JEW-M449 significantly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells and suppressed the OVA-induced upregulation of type 2 cytokines in both BALF and lung homogenates in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, JEW-M449 significantly attenuated the degree of goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion. Our results demonstrate that specific targeting of the flexible loop of TCTP is a potent strategy for treating airway inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Duck Bae
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Cho
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeran Seo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea.
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Singh S, Kulshrestha MR, Pathak AK, Srivastava S, Singh A, Tiwari V. Transfluthrin is Associated with High Susceptibility to Asthma in Children with Promoter Variants of Beta Chain of High-Affinity Receptor IgE and Tumour Necrosis Factors-α Genes. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10555-x. [PMID: 37980703 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the genetic variations in FcεR1β-109 C/T (rs512555) and TNF-α-308 G/A (rs1800629) genes and examines whether the mosquito repellent transfluthrin (TFT) modifies the risk for asthmatic children. A case-control study was conducted involving 130 asthmatic children and 123 age-sex matched controls. Differential leukocyte counts, IgE, and hs-CRP levels were estimated using a five-part haematology analyzer and Beckman Coulter (AU480), respectively. Genetic variations in FcεR1β-109 and TNF-α-308 were analysed using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum TFT levels were measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Asthmatic children had significantly increased total leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts (p < 0.0001), while their monocyte counts were lower compared to controls (p < 0.0001). TFT levels were higher in asthmatic children (1.38 ± 0.91 vs. control 0.69 ± 0.41µg/L, p < 0.0001), which predominantly induced wheezing. Elevated TFT levels were associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma (OR: 3.08, p < 0.0001). Children with the FcεRIβ TT (OR: 2.39, p < 0.017) and TNF-α GG genotypes (OR: 7.17, p < 0.0001) were more susceptible to asthma. TFT synergistically enhanced the risk of asthma in both FcεRIβ-109 TT (OR: 5.3, p = 0.001) and TNF-α-308 GG (OR: 17.18, p < 0.0001) genotypes. TFT levels were correlated with IgE (r = 0.363; p = 0.006), hs-CRP (r = 0.324; p = 0.049) and eosinophil (r = 0.300; p = 0.038), respectively. IgE and eosinophils were correlated (r = 0.599, p = 0.001) in the FcεRIβ TT genotype-carrying asthmatic children. Similarly, neutrophils and hs-CRP were correlated (r = 0.768, p < 0.0001) in asthmatic children with TNF-α GG genotype. The risk of asthma is inherently higher in children with FcεRIβ TT and TNF-α GG variants. TFT exposure amplifies the risk of asthma in children among all the subgenotypes of both genes. TFT influences IgE and eosinophil in FcεRIβ TT genotype while it influences neutrophils and hs-CRP in TNF-α GG genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Manish Raj Kulshrestha
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Anumesh K Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Shetanshu Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Aditi Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India.
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9
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Savin IA, Zenkova MA, Sen’kova AV. Bronchial Asthma, Airway Remodeling and Lung Fibrosis as Successive Steps of One Process. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16042. [PMID: 38003234 PMCID: PMC10671561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent respiratory system inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, and airflow obstruction. Airway remodeling, defined as changes in airway wall structure such as extensive epithelial damage, airway smooth muscle hypertrophy, collagen deposition, and subepithelial fibrosis, is a key feature of asthma. Lung fibrosis is a common occurrence in the pathogenesis of fatal and long-term asthma, and it is associated with disease severity and resistance to therapy. It can thus be regarded as an irreversible consequence of asthma-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. Asthma heterogeneity presents several diagnostic challenges, particularly in distinguishing between chronic asthma and other pulmonary diseases characterized by disruption of normal lung architecture and functions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The search for instruments that can predict the development of irreversible structural changes in the lungs, such as chronic components of airway remodeling and fibrosis, is particularly difficult. To overcome these challenges, significant efforts are being directed toward the discovery and investigation of molecular characteristics and biomarkers capable of distinguishing between different types of asthma as well as between asthma and other pulmonary disorders with similar structural characteristics. The main features of bronchial asthma etiology, pathogenesis, and morphological characteristics as well as asthma-associated airway remodeling and lung fibrosis as successive stages of one process will be discussed in this review. The most common murine models and biomarkers of asthma progression and post-asthmatic fibrosis will also be covered. The molecular mechanisms and key cellular players of the asthmatic process described and systematized in this review are intended to help in the search for new molecular markers and promising therapeutic targets for asthma prediction and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aleksandra V. Sen’kova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent’ev Ave 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.A.S.); (M.A.Z.)
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10
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Bernstein JA, Llanos JP, Hunter G, Martin N, Ambrose CS. Efficacy of Biologics in Patients with Allergic Severe Asthma, Overall and by Blood Eosinophil Count: A Literature Review. Adv Ther 2023; 40:4721-4740. [PMID: 37698716 PMCID: PMC10567947 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with uncontrolled, allergic severe asthma may be prescribed biologic therapies to reduce exacerbations and improve disease control. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of these therapies have differed in design, with varying results overall and by baseline blood eosinophil count (BEC). This study describes published annualized asthma exacerbation rate (AAER) reductions from RCTs in patients with allergic severe asthma, overall and by baseline BEC category. A literature search was performed to identify published phase 3 RCT data of US Food and Drug Administration-approved biologics for severe asthma in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma and confirmed sensitization to perennial aeroallergens. Analyses focused on AAER reduction versus placebo in the overall population and/or in those with an elevated or low BEC at baseline or screening. Baseline serum total immunoglobulin E levels varied between RCT populations. In patients with allergic severe asthma across all BEC categories, data were available for tezepelumab, dupilumab, benralizumab and omalizumab only; the greatest AAER reduction was observed with tezepelumab. In patients with allergic severe asthma and BECs of ≥ 260 cells/µL or ≥ 300 cells/μL, AAER reductions were observed with all biologics (tezepelumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, benralizumab and omalizumab); the greatest AAER reduction was observed with tezepelumab and the smallest AAER reduction was observed with omalizumab. In patients with allergic severe asthma and BECs of < 260 cells/µL or < 300 cells/μL (regardless of historical BEC), an AAER reduction was observed with tezepelumab but not with benralizumab or omalizumab. Differential mechanisms of action may explain the differences in results observed between biologics. Among patients with allergic severe asthma, the efficacy of biologics in RCTs varied considerably overall and by BEC. Tezepelumab was the only biologic to demonstrate AAER reductions consistently across all subgroups. These differences can inform provider treatment decisions when selecting biologic treatments for patients with allergic severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Bernstein Clinical Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Gillian Hunter
- Biometrics, Late-Stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Neil Martin
- Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher S Ambrose
- Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA.
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11
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Oylumlu E, Uzel G, Durmus L, Ciraci C. IgE Immune Complexes Mitigate Eosinophilic Immune Responses through NLRC4 Inflammasome. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:3224708. [PMID: 37885469 PMCID: PMC10599938 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3224708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune complexes (ICs) skew immune responses toward either a pro- or anti-inflammatory direction based on the type of stimulation. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is associated with Th2 immune responses and known to activate innate immune cells. However, roles of antigen (Ag)-specific-IgE ICs in regulating human eosinophil responses remain elusive; therefore, this study builts upon the mechanism of which ovalbumin (Ova)-IgE ICs affects eosinophilic responses utilizing human EoL-1 cell line as a model. Eosinophils are granulocytes functioning through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and destructive granule contents in allergic inflammation and parasitic infections. One of the PRRs that eosinophils express is NLRC4, a member of the CARD domain containing nucleotide-binding oligomerization (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family. Upon recognition of its specific ligand flagellin, NLRC4 inflammasome is formed and leads to the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). We exhibited that Ova-IgE ICs induced the NLRC4-inflammasome components, including NLRC4, caspase-1, intracellular IL-1β, and secretion of IL-1β, as well as the granule contents MMP9, TIMP1, and TIMP2 proteins via TLR2 signaling; these responses were suppressed, when NLRC4 inflammasome got actived in the presence of ICs. Furthermore, Ova-IgE ICs induced mRNA expressions of MMP9, TIMP2, and ECP and protein expressions of MMP9 and TIMP2 in EoL-1 through FcɛRII. Interestingly, TLR2 ligand and Ova-IgE ICs costimulation elevated the number of CD63+ cells, a degranulation marker, as compared to the native IgE. Collectively, our findings provide a mechanism for the impacts of Ova-IgE ICs on eosinophilic responses via NLRC4-inflammasome and may help understand eosinophil-associated diseases, including chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis, parasitic infections, allergy, and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Oylumlu
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Goksu Uzel
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Lubeyne Durmus
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Ceren Ciraci
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
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12
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Delgado J, Navarro A, Álvarez-Gutiérrez FJ, Cisneros C, Domínguez-Ortega J. [Unmet Needs in Severe Allergic Asthma]. OPEN RESPIRATORY ARCHIVES 2023; 5:100282. [PMID: 38053757 PMCID: PMC10694599 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2023.100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma affects 3%-10% of the world's population, according to estimates by the Global Initiative for ASTHMA (GINA). Allergic asthma is one of the most common phenotypes of severe asthma and it is characterized by allergen-induced type 2 inflammation in which immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a key mediator, making it an important therapeutic target. The introduction of targeted biological therapies or treatments has entered the management for severe asthma in the era of precision medicine, and the goal of treatment is clinical remission of the disease. There is a significant percentage of patients with severe allergic asthma who do not respond to treatments and whose symptoms are not controlled. In this paper, a group of experts in the management of severe allergic asthma reviewed and evaluated the most relevant evidence regarding the pathophysiology and phenotypes of severe allergic asthma, the role of IgE in allergic inflammation, allergen identification, techniques, biomarkers and diagnostic challenges, available treatments and strategies for disease management, with a special focus on biological treatments. From this review, recommendations were developed and validated through a Delphi consensus process with the aim of offering improvements in the management of severe allergic asthma to the professionals involved and identifying the unmet needs in the management of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Delgado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica, Alergología, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España
| | - Ana Navarro
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica, Alergología, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España
| | | | - Carolina Cisneros
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - Javier Domínguez-Ortega
- Servicio de Alergia, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación IDiPAZ, Madrid, España
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13
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Muhammad H, Salahuddin Z, Akhtar T, Aftab U, Rafi A, Hussain S, Shahzad M. Immunomodulatory effect of glabridin in ovalbumin induced allergic asthma and its comparison with methylprednisolone in a preclinical rodent model. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1503-1515. [PMID: 37584465 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Glabridin, a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) roots, has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The current study sought to investigate glabridin's immunomodulatory effect in ovalbumin induced allergic asthma. Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Group I served as a control group. Asthma was induced in groups II- IV. Groups III and IV were treated with glabridin (40 mg/kg) and methylprednisolone (15 mg/kg), respectively. Inflammatory cells counts were determined in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Serum IgE levels and levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in lung homogenate were measured. The levels of mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were analysed. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and acute toxicity of glabridin were also checked. Glabridin significantly decreased inflammatory cells in the blood and BALF. It increased the concentration of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Glabridin markedly decreased serum IgE levels and DTH when compared to asthmatic rats. It significantly alleviated the expression of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, CXCL1, iNOS, and NF-κB. Administering 10 times the therapeutic dose of glabridin did not show any signs of acute toxicity. Findings suggest that glabridin has the potential to ameliorate allergic asthma and its effects are comparable to those of methylprednisolone. The immunomodulatory effect of glabridin might be contributed by the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, IgE antibodies, and elevation of antioxidant enzymes, suggesting future study and clinical trials to propose it as a candidate to treat allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zari Salahuddin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Usman Aftab
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Rafi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Hussain
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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14
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Yu H, Huang X, Xie C, Song J, Zhou Y, Shi H, Chen M, Wu Y, Ruan Z, Deng L, Deng X, Lv Y, Luo Q, Dong J. Transcriptomics reveals apigenin alleviates airway inflammation and epithelial cell apoptosis in allergic asthma via MAPK pathway. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4002-4017. [PMID: 37128812 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Persistent chronic inflammation of the lungs and airway remodeling are important pathological features that cannot be ignored in patients with chronic asthma. Apigenin (API) is a natural small molecule compound with good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity that has been widely reported in recent years, but its role in chronic asthma is not well defined. Our study began with oral gavage intervention using API (10, 20 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (DEX, 2 mg/kg) in a BALB/c mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization. Different doses of API intervention effectively reduced airway resistance in the administered group. Additionally, inflammation was downregulated, mucus secretion was reduced, and airway remodeling was inhibited in the API intervention group compared with the model group. Asthma-related inflammatory cytokines, such as IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-17, were downregulated in alveolar lavage fluid. Moreover, the apoptosis level of the administered group was found to be lower than that of the model group in the Tunel staining experiment. By analyzing transcriptome sequencing results, we found that API may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by inhibiting the MAPK pathway. Our subsequent results supported this conclusion, showing that the phosphorylation levels of ERKs, JNKs, and p38 MAPKs were inhibited in the administered group relative to the model group. Downstream expression of the apoptosis-related protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was upregulated, and the expression of Bcl-2-associated × protein (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3 was downregulated. To further investigate the specific mechanism by which API acted, we established an in vitro model with house dust mite (HDM) stimulation, using API (10, 20 μM) for administration intervention. The results showed that API was able to improve cell viability, inhibit ROS production, and reverse HDM-induced decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and apoptosis in airway epithelial cells via the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Xie
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingrong Song
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaolong Zhou
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanlin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueren Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhui Ruan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Deng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Deng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubao Lv
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingli Luo
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Devadoss D, Surbaugh K, Manevski M, Wickramaratne C, Chaput D, Chung A, de Leon F, Chand HS, Dhau JS. Indoor-air purification by photoelectrochemical oxidation mitigates allergic airway responses to aerosolized cat dander in a murine model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10980. [PMID: 37414804 PMCID: PMC10325967 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Portable air purifiers help improve indoor air quality by neutralizing allergens, including animal dander proteins. However, there are limited in-vivo models to assess the efficacy of these devices. Here, we developed a novel animal model of experimental asthma using aerosolized cat dander extract (CDE) exposure and compared the efficacy of select air purification technologies. Mice were exposed to CDE aerosols for 6 weeks in separate custom-built whole-body exposure chambers equipped with either a photoelectrochemical oxidative (PECO) Molekule filtration device (PFD) or a HEPA-assisted air filtration device (HFD) along with positive (a device with no filtration capability) and negative controls. Compared to the positive control group, the CDE-induced airway resistance, and plasma IgE and IL-13 levels were significantly reduced in both air purifier groups. However, PFD mice showed a better attenuation of lung tissue mucous hyperplasia and eosinophilia than HFD and positive control mice, indicating a better efficacy in managing CDE-induced allergic responses. Cat dander protein destruction was evaluated by LCMS proteomic analysis, which revealed the degradation of 2731 unique peptides on PECO media in 1 h. Thus, allergen protein destruction on filtration media enhances air purifier efficacy that could provide relief from allergy responses compared to traditional HEPA-based filtration alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Devadoss
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Kerri Surbaugh
- Research and Development, Molekule Group, Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Marko Manevski
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Chatura Wickramaratne
- Research and Development, Molekule Group, Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Dale Chaput
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Arianne Chung
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Francisco de Leon
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Hitendra S Chand
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jaspreet S Dhau
- Research and Development, Molekule Group, Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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16
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Lando V, Calciano L, Minelli C, Bombieri C, Ferrari M, Malerba G, Margagliotti A, Murgia N, Nicolis M, Olivieri M, Potts J, Tardivo S, Accordini S. IL18 Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with Total IgE in Adult Subjects with Asthma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3963. [PMID: 37373658 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12123963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The allergic asthma phenotype is characterized by a T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response, based on Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Total IgE is the sum of all IgE types produced by the human body and is used as a biomarker of inflammation in asthma. We analysed data collected in 143 asthma cases (median age 42.1 years) from the general Italian population (GEIRD survey; 2008-2010) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes that are associated with total IgE in adult subjects with asthma. These patients reported respiratory symptoms in response to perennial allergens and provided data on 166 SNPs tagging 50 candidate genes or gene regions. Replication of the statistically significant results was performed in 842 asthma cases from other European countries (ECRHS II survey; 1998-2002). SNP rs549908 in interleukin 18 (IL18) gene was significantly associated with total IgE in GEIRD, and this result was replicated in ECRHS II. SNP rs1063320 in the human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) gene was identified in GEIRD, but this association was not replicated in ECRHS II. Further investigating IL18 and its biological pathways could be important for developing new therapeutic targets, due to its involvement in inflammatory response processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lando
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Calciano
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Cristina Bombieri
- Biology and Genetics Section, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marcello Ferrari
- Respiratory Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Biology and Genetics Section, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Antonino Margagliotti
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Murgia
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Morena Nicolis
- Unit of Hygiene and Preventive, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Olivieri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - James Potts
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Stefano Tardivo
- Unit of Hygiene and Preventive, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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17
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Srivastava S, Tiwari V, Singh S, Karoli R, Bhattacharya P, Gupta N. Low Serum Levels of Zinc, Selenium, and Vitamin D3 Are Biomarkers of Airway Inflammation and Poor Asthma Control: A Two-Centre Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41082. [PMID: 37519504 PMCID: PMC10376916 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with its control being affected by underlying oxidative stress. Trace elements, along with vitamin D3, play an important role in immune alterations leading to an imbalance of Th1/Th2 helper cells. However, their role in asthma pathogenesis and control is inconsistent and inconclusive. The objective of our study was to assess levels of serum trace elements like zinc, copper, selenium, iron, magnesium, vitamin D3 levels, IgE, and HsCRP in asthmatic children, compare with healthy controls, and assess their association with the level of asthma control. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2019 to 2021 enrolling 100 asthmatic children and 75 healthy controls. The level of asthma control was assessed as uncontrolled, partly controlled, and controlled asthma as per GINA Guidelines. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each element and mean differences between groups were analyzed by student t-test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean age was 8.75±2.89 yrs in cases and 9.04±2.79 in controls. A total of 57.6% of cases had atopic comorbidities. The mean serum zinc levels were 51±12.8 mg/dl, which was very low in asthmatic children as compared to 60±18.2mg/dl (p-value 0.0002) in healthy controls. Serum selenium was 13±3 µg/dl in asthmatics vs. 15±4 µg/dl (p-value 0.0002) in healthy controls. Serum copper was 115.2±21.92µg/dl vs. 125.3±31.99µg/dl (p-value 0.015), Serum vitamin D3 levels were 13.07±7.82ng/ml vs. 17.82±14.62 ng/ml(p-value 0.006) in both groups, respectively. SIgE and HsCRP were high in asthmatic children suggestive of eosinophilic inflammation. Serum zinc was 49±5.45 mg/dl in the uncontrolled group, 53±6.1 in the partly controlled, and 58±8.0 in the well-controlled group (p<0.0001). Serum selenium was 10± 3.0 µg/dl in the uncontrolled group vs. 13± 2.0 and 14± 2.0 µg/dl in the partly controlled and well-controlled groups, respectively (p-value <0.0001). Vitamin D3 was significantly low (9.32±5.95ng/dl) in the uncontrolled group vs. 12.99±4.97 and 13.40±5.92 ng/dl(p<0.005) in the partly controlled and well-controlled groups respectively. Vitamin D3 showed a strong positive correlation with zinc (r=0.4,p< 0.0001) and a negative correlation with inflammatory markers like SIgE and HsCRP. Conclusion Children with asthma had low zinc, selenium, and vitamin D3 levels, and were associated with airway inflammation and poor asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND
| | - Shivani Singh
- Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ritu Karoli
- Medicine, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND
| | - Piyali Bhattacharya
- Pediatrics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND
| | - Nikhil Gupta
- Medicine, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND
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18
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Martín-González E, Hernández-Pérez JM, Pérez JAP, Pérez-García J, Herrera-Luis E, González-Pérez R, González-González O, Mederos-Luis E, Sánchez-Machín I, Poza-Guedes P, Sardón O, Corcuera P, Cruz MJ, González-Barcala FJ, Martínez-Rivera C, Mullol J, Muñoz X, Olaguibel JM, Plaza V, Quirce S, Valero A, Sastre J, Korta-Murua J, Del Pozo V, Lorenzo-Díaz F, Villar J, Pino-Yanes M, González-Carracedo MA. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and Pi*S and Pi*Z SERPINA1 variants are associated with asthma exacerbations. Pulmonology 2023:S2531-0437(23)00091-0. [PMID: 37236906 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Asthma patients may experience potentially life-threatening episodic flare-ups, known as exacerbations, which may significantly contribute to the asthma burden. The Pi*S and Pi*Z variants of the SERPINA1 gene, which usually involve alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, had previously been associated with asthma. The link between AAT deficiency and asthma might be represented by the elastase/antielastase imbalance. However, their role in asthma exacerbations remains unknown. Our objective was to assess whether SERPINA1 genetic variants and reduced AAT protein levels are associated with asthma exacerbations. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the discovery analysis, SERPINA1 Pi*S and Pi*Z variants and serum AAT levels were analyzed in 369 subjects from La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). As replication, genomic data from two studies focused on 525 Spaniards and publicly available data from UK Biobank, FinnGen, and GWAS Catalog (Open Targets Genetics) were analyzed. The associations between SERPINA1 Pi*S and Pi*Z variants and AAT deficiency with asthma exacerbations were analyzed with logistic regression models, including age, sex, and genotype principal components as covariates. RESULTS In the discovery, a significant association with asthma exacerbations was found for both Pi*S (odds ratio [OR]=2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.40-4.04, p-value=0.001) and Pi*Z (OR=3.49, 95%CI=1.55-7.85, p-value=0.003)Likewise, AAT deficiency was associated with a higher risk for asthma exacerbations (OR=5.18, 95%CI=1.58-16.92, p-value=0.007) as well as AAT protein levels (OR= 0.72, 95%CI=0.57-0.91, p-value=0.005). The Pi*Z association with exacerbations was replicated in samples from Spaniards with two generations of Canary Islander origin (OR=3.79, p-value=0.028), and a significant association with asthma hospitalizations was found in the Finnish population (OR=1.12, p-value=0.007). CONCLUSIONS AAT deficiency could be a potential therapeutic target for asthma exacerbations in specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martín-González
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José M Hernández-Pérez
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario de N.S de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La Palma, 38713 Breña Alta, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - José A Pérez Pérez
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Javier Pérez-García
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Esther Herrera-Luis
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ruperto González-Pérez
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Severe Asthma Unit, Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Elena Mederos-Luis
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Paloma Poza-Guedes
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Severe Asthma Unit, Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Olaia Sardón
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Paula Corcuera
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - María J Cruz
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J González-Barcala
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Rivera
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Clinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Muñoz
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Olaguibel
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Allergy, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Vicente Plaza
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Quirce
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Allergy, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Valero
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Allergy Unit & Severe Asthma Unit, Pneumonology and Allergy Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sastre
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Allergy, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Korta-Murua
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Victoria Del Pozo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabián Lorenzo-Díaz
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jesús Villar
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Multidisciplinary Organ Dysfunction Evaluation Research Network (MODERN), Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Pino-Yanes
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Mario A González-Carracedo
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Blanco-Aparicio M, Domínguez-Ortega J, Cisneros C, Colás C, Casas F, Del Cuvillo A, Alobid I, Quirce S, Mullol J. Consensus on the management of united airways disease with type 2 inflammation: a multidisciplinary Delphi study. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 19:34. [PMID: 37088840 PMCID: PMC10124060 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-023-00780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific evidence on patients with multimorbid type 2 asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) from a united airways disease (UAD) perspective remains scarce, despite the frequent coexistence of these entities. We aimed to generate expert consensus-based recommendations for the management of UAD patients. METHODS Using a two-round Delphi method, Spanish expert allergists, pulmonologists and otolaryngologists expressed their agreement on 32 statements (52 items) on a 9-point Likert scale, classified as appropriate (median 7-9), uncertain (4-6) or inappropriate (1-3). Consensus was considered when at least two-thirds of the panel scored within the range containing the median. RESULTS A panel of 30 experts reached consensus on the appropriateness of 43 out of the 52 (82.7%) items. The usefulness of certain biomarkers (tissue and peripheral blood eosinophil count, serum total IgE, and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO]) in the identification and follow-up of type 2 inflammation, and assessment of the response to biologics, were agreed. Some of these biomarkers were also associated with disease severity and/or recurrence after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Consensus was achieved on treatment strategies related to the prescription of anti-IL-4/IL-13 or anti-IgE agents, concomitant treatment with systemic corticosteroids, and combining or switching to biologics with a different mechanism of action, considering a number of UAD clinical scenarios. CONCLUSION We provide expert-based recommendations to assist in clinical decision-making for the management of patients with multimorbid type 2 asthma and CRSwNP. Specific clinical trials and real-world studies focusing on the single-entity UAD are required to address controversial items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Blanco-Aparicio
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Domínguez-Ortega
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carolina Cisneros
- Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Health Research Institute (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Colás
- Department of Allergy, Hospital Clínico-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Casas
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Del Cuvillo
- Rhinology & Asthma Unit, ENT Department, Hospital Universitario de Jerez, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Isam Alobid
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, CIBERES, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, La Paz University Hospital, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, CIBERES, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Wang WJ, Lu X, Li Z, Peng K, Zhan P, Fu L, Wang Y, Zhao H, Wang H, Xu DX, Tan ZX. Early-life cadmium exposure elevates susceptibility to allergic asthma in ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114799. [PMID: 36933479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence have demonstrated that early-life exposure to environmental toxicants elevates risk of allergic asthma. Cadmium (Cd) is widely present in the environment. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the impact of early-life Cd exposure on susceptibility to ovalbumin (OVA)-evoked allergic asthma. Newly weaned mice were subjected to a low concentration of CdCl2 (1 mg/L) by drinking water for 5 consecutive weeks. Penh value, an index of airway obstruction, was increased in OVA-stimulated and challenged pups. Abundant inflammatory cells were observed in the lung of OVA-exposed pups. Goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion were shown in the airway of OVA-stimulated and challenged pups. Early-life Cd exposure exacerbated OVA-evoked airway hyperreactivity, Goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion. The in vitro experiments showed that mucoprotein gene MUC5AC mRNA was upregulated in Cd-exposed bronchial epithelial cells. Mechanistically, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related molecules GRP78, p-eIF2α, CHOP, p-IRE1α and spliced XBP-1 (sXBP-1) were elevated in Cd-subjected bronchial epithelial cells. The blockade of ER stress, using chemical inhibitor 4-PBA or sXBP-1 siRNA interference, attenuated Cd-induced MUC5AC upregulation in bronchial epithelial cells. These results indicate that early-life Cd exposure aggravates OVA-induced allergic asthma partially through inducing ER stress in bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Zhu-Xia Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Naorem LD, Sharma N, Raghava GPS. A web server for predicting and scanning of IL-5 inducing peptides using alignment-free and alignment-based method. Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106864. [PMID: 37058758 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-5 (IL-5) can act as an enticing therapeutic target due to its pivotal role in several eosinophil-mediated diseases. The aim of this study is to develop a model for predicting IL-5 inducing antigenic regions in a protein with high precision. All models in this study have been trained, tested and validated on experimentally validated 1907 IL-5 inducing and 7759 non-IL-5 inducing peptides obtained from IEDB. Our primary analysis indicates that IL-5 inducing peptides are dominated by certain residues like Ile, Asn, and Tyr. It was also observed that binders of a wide range of HLA alleles can induce IL-5. Initially, alignment-based methods have been developed using similarity and motif search. These alignment-based methods provide high precision but poor coverage. In order to overcome this limitation, we explore alignment-free methods which are mainly machine learning-based models. Firstly, models have been developed using binary profiles and eXtreme Gradient Boosting-based model achieved a maximum AUC of 0.59. Secondly, composition-based models have been developed and our dipeptide-based random forest model achieved a maximum AUC of 0.74. Thirdly, random forest model developed using selected 250 dipeptides and achieved AUC 0.75 and MCC 0.29 on validation dataset; best among alignment-free models. In order to improve the performance, we developed an ensemble or hybrid method that combined alignment-based and alignment-free methods. Our hybrid method achieved AUC 0.94 with MCC 0.60 on a validation/independent dataset. The best hybrid model developed in this study has been incorporated into the user-friendly web server and a standalone package named 'IL5pred' (https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/il5pred/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leimarembi Devi Naorem
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Gajendra P S Raghava
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
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22
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Maspero J, Pavie J, Torres-Duque CA, Montero-Arias F, Cerino-Javier R, Rovira F, Beekman MJHI. Toward a better understanding of severe asthma phenotypes in Latin America: results from the PREPARE study. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:627-638. [PMID: 36740960 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2174328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data on severe asthma phenotypes in Latin America are lacking. The PREPARE study describes the prevalence of certain determinants of severe asthma among patients in 5 Latin American countries with blood eosinophil counts (BEC) ≥300 cells/mm3 and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations >100 IU/mL. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, information on demographics, disease characteristics, and asthma treatments were extracted from the existing medical records of patients aged ≥12 years attending centers specialized in severe asthma management. Medical record data were transcribed onto electronic case report forms. Blood eosinophil counts and IgE concentrations were assayed from specimens obtained at study visit. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. RESULTS Data from 461 patients with severe asthma (mean age, 50.5 years) were analyzed. Most patients were female (73%), had a body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 (77%), and received full healthcare reimbursement (63%). In the previous 12 months, 52% of patients experienced ≥1 severe exacerbation and 44% received oral corticosteroid burst therapy. Blood eosinophil counts ≥300 cells/mm3 and ≥150 cells/mm3 were reported in 44% and 76% of patients, respectively. In 58% of patients, serum IgE concentrations exceeded 100 IU/mL. Uncontrolled asthma was documented in 50% (n = 230) of patients. CONCLUSIONS The PREPARE study provides useful insights about the prevalence of eosinophilic and atopic phenotypes in patients with severe asthma in Latin America, thereby paving the way for a more personalized approach to managing severe asthma. Notwithstanding the treatment at specialized medical centers, disease burden remained high in this study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Maspero
- Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Fundación CIDEA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juana Pavie
- Médico Broncopulmonar, Centro Respiratorio Integral, Quillota, Chile
| | - Carlos A Torres-Duque
- Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, CINEUMO, Research Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Ruth Cerino-Javier
- Consultorio de Especialidad Alergología Pediátrica, Hospital Angeles Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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Gvalani A, Athavale A, Gupta D. Biomarkers in severe asthma: Identifying the treatable trait. Lung India 2023; 40:59-67. [PMID: 36695260 PMCID: PMC9894287 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_271_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic condition of bronchial hyper-reactivity associated with inflammation ranges from mild to severe form. It affects 1 - 18% of the population globally and it is estimated that > 300million people in the world have asthma. Of this 5 - 10% have severe asthma. while the proportion of patients suffering from severe are smaller, the morbidity and mortality are higher in this group. With the advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of asthma there is a need to understand the role of various biomarkers. We live in an era of precision medicine and today there is a clear unmet need to understand targeted therapies. This review aims to raise awareness to the available biomarkers used in clinical practice in India and their role in predicting response to targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Gvalani
- Medical Affairs, GlaxoSmithKline, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amita Athavale
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and EPRC, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Disha Gupta
- Medical Affairs, GlaxoSmithKline, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Pezeshki PS, Nowroozi A, Razi S, Rezaei N. Asthma and Allergy. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818006-8.00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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25
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Matucci A, Vivarelli E, Bormioli S, Francesca N, Chiccoli F, Valentina M, Francesca G, Oliviero R, Parronchi P, Vultaggio A. Long-term retention rate of mepolizumab treatment in severe asthma: a 36-months real-life experience. J Asthma 2023; 60:158-166. [PMID: 35112934 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2036754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Mepolizumab is an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody that has shown, in different trials, the capacity to induce a reduction of exacerbations, an improvement of asthma control and a significant oral corticosteroid (OCS)-sparing effect. At present, there is limited real-life data about its long-term effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effects of mepolizumab in real-life.Methods: We conducted a 36-months single-center retrospective study in 51 patients suffering from severe eosinophilic asthma treated with mepolizumab 100 mg/4 weeks. Clinical outcomes (symptoms, annual asthma exacerbation rates) were monitored. Additionally, we estimated annualized OCS dosage before and after mepolizumab treatment. Mepolizumab retention rate in the follow-up period was also evaluated.Results: A significant decrease of the annual rate of asthma exacerbations in association with significant changes in asthma control was observed. Specifically, the exacerbation rate significantly fell from 5.1 ± 4 per person/year in the pre-mepolizumab treatment period to 0.8 ± 1.2 per person/year in the 12-follow-up. The clinical benefit was maintained throughout the study follow up period of 36 months. Mepolizumab treatment induced significant changes in both ACT and ACQ5 scores. The majority of patients (65.2%) experienced a more pronounced improvement of 50% or more in SNOT-22. A mean cumulative OCS exposure reduction of 5365.5 mg over a 3-year period for patients receiving mepolizumab was estimated. The drug retention rate was: 96% at 12 months; 93.7% at 18 months, 88.9% at 24 months and 82.3% at 36 months.Conclusions: Our real-life results confirm that mepolizumab treatment allows to control asthma symptoms, reduce exacerbations and OCS exposure in a significant and sustained manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Matucci
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Susanna Bormioli
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Unit, San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Nencini Francesca
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Chiccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mecheri Valentina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Grosso Francesca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rossi Oliviero
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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The Relationship between Eosinophil Density in the Colonic Mucosa and Eosinophil Blood Count in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010006. [PMID: 36670557 PMCID: PMC9856578 DOI: 10.3390/children10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophils are found in the mucosa of the healthy gastrointestinal tract, but they also often accompany gastrointestinal diseases. We hypothesized that a positive correlation exists between blood eosinophil count and colonic eosinophil mucosal density in children. Electronic health records regarding 181 colonoscopies, performed with biopsy in the years 2019-2022, were screened for information on blood and colonic eosinophil count, age, sex, diagnoses, weight, height, white blood cell (WBC) count, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and total IgE concentration. The median age (IQR) of the 107 included children (109 colonoscopies) was 12.4 years (8.1-15.5); 32 presented with blood eosinophilia (29.3%). The median eosinophil density/high-power field in the colonic mucosa was 22.5 (9-31). We found a weak correlation between colonic mucosal eosinophil density and blood eosinophil count (r = 0.295, 95% CI 0.108-0.462, p = 0.0018). This association was more pronounced in patients with elevated CRP (r = 0.529, 95% CI 0.167-0.766, p = 0.0054) and older than 12.4 years (r = 0.448, 95% CI 0.197-0.644, p = 0.00068). Peripheral blood eosinophilia might hint at increased mucosal colonic eosinophil density, especially in older children and in the presence of systemic inflammation. However, it seems unlikely that blood and colonic eosinophilia are strongly linked in younger children. Studies in adults are warranted.
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Riaz F, Pan F, Wei P. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: The master regulator of immune responses in allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057555. [PMID: 36601108 PMCID: PMC9806217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a widely studied ligand-activated cytosolic transcriptional factor that has been associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and allergies. Generally, AhR responds and binds to environmental toxins/ligands, dietary ligands, and allergens to regulate toxicological, biological, cellular responses. In a canonical signaling manner, activation of AhR is responsible for the increase in cytochrome P450 enzymes which help individuals to degrade and metabolize these environmental toxins and ligands. However, canonical signaling cannot be applied to all the effects mediated by AhR. Recent findings indicate that activation of AhR signaling also interacts with some non-canonical factors like Kruppel-like-factor-6 (KLF6) or estrogen-receptor-alpha (Erα) to affect the expression of downstream genes. Meanwhile, enormous research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of AhR signaling on innate and adaptive immunity. It has been shown that AhR exerts numerous effects on mast cells, B cells, macrophages, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), Th1/Th2 cell balance, Th17, and regulatory T cells, thus, playing a significant role in allergens-induced diseases. This review discussed how AhR mediates immune responses in allergic diseases. Meanwhile, we believe that understanding the role of AhR in immune responses will enhance our knowledge of AhR-mediated immune regulation in allergic diseases. Also, it will help researchers to understand the role of AhR in regulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Riaz
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Ping Wei, ; Fan Pan,
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ping Wei, ; Fan Pan,
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Corren J, Ambrose CS, Griffiths JM, Hellqvist Å, Lindsley AW, Llanos J, Colice G, Menzies‐Gow A. Efficacy of tezepelumab in patients with evidence of severe allergic asthma: Results from the phase 3
NAVIGATOR
study. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 53:417-428. [PMID: 36507576 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is the most common phenotype among patients with severe asthma. In the phase 3 NAVIGATOR study (NCT03347279), tezepelumab significantly reduced the annualized asthma exacerbation rate (AAER) versus placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. This exploratory analysis evaluated the efficacy of tezepelumab in NAVIGATOR participants with evidence of severe allergic asthma. METHODS Patients (12-80 years old) receiving medium- or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and ≥ 1 additional controller medication, with or without oral corticosteroids, were randomized to tezepelumab 210 mg or placebo subcutaneously every 4 weeks for 52 weeks in NAVIGATOR. In this analysis, the AAER, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1 ), patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and type 2 biomarker levels were evaluated in patients grouped by sensitivity to perennial aeroallergens, confirmed symptomatic allergy, and eligibility for omalizumab treatment according to the United States (OMA-US) and the European Union (OMA-EU) prescribing information, including subgroups according to baseline blood eosinophil counts and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels. RESULTS Of 1059 patients who received treatment in NAVIGATOR, 680 (64%) had perennial aeroallergen sensitivity and 318 (30%) had confirmed symptomatic allergy; 379 (36%) and 359 (34%) patients were OMA-US- and OMA-EU-eligible, respectively. Tezepelumab reduced the AAER over 52 weeks versus placebo by 58% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 47-67) to 68% (95% CI: 55-77) across these subgroups. Among omalizumab-eligible patients, AAERs were reduced in patients across baseline blood eosinophil counts and FeNO levels. Tezepelumab improved FEV1 and PROs, and reduced type 2 biomarkers, versus placebo in patients with and without perennial allergy. CONCLUSIONS Tezepelumab was efficacious in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma with evidence of allergic inflammation, defined by multiple clinically relevant definitions. These findings further support the benefits of tezepelumab in a broad population of patients with severe asthma, including those with severe allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Corren
- David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Los Angeles California USA
| | - Christopher S. Ambrose
- Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Medical AstraZeneca Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Janet M. Griffiths
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Åsa Hellqvist
- Biometrics, Late‐stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | | | - Gene Colice
- Late‐stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Andrew Menzies‐Gow
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King’s College London UK
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29
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Response to Omalizumab as an Add-On Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Asthma in Adult Chinese Patients-A Retrospective Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122068. [PMID: 36560478 PMCID: PMC9787189 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
(a) Background: Omalizumab is an anti-IgE humanized monoclonal antibody marketed in China for the conventional treatment of poorly controlled moderate-to-severe allergic asthma. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of omalizumab, but the data from studies in actual clinical treatment are still relatively limited. (b) Methods: Thirty-two patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma treated with omalizumab on the basis of ICS-LABA (inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta2-agonist) were selected. Clinical characteristics before and after treatment were collected to analyze the relationship between changes in serum total IgE levels and peripheral blood EOS (eosinophil) levels, FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second), PEF (peak expiratory flow), OCS (oral glucocorticoid) dosage, ATC (asthma control test) score, and the number of acute exacerbations and the treatment response, in order to observe the efficacy of omalizumab in addition to primary therapy, and to investigate whether baseline clinical characteristics such as serum total IgE and EOS levels could predict a treatment response. (c) Results: Using the ACT score as an evaluation, 68.75% of patients benefited from omalizumab treatment at the end of 16 weeks. The response group has a reduction in OCS dosage (p-values of 0.026 and 0.039), a significant reduction in ACT scores (both p < 0.001), and a reduction in the number of acute exacerbations (p = 0.034 and 0.025, respectively) after omalizumab treatment. The binary logistics analysis of factors affecting the effectiveness of omalizumab in the treatment of allergic asthma were total serum IgE and the presence of comorbidities (p-values of 0.039 and 0.046, respectively). (d) Conclusions: Combining omalizumab with ICS-LABA for 16 weeks significantly improves asthma symptoms in Chinese adults and can be used as an add-on treatment. In addition, high serum IgE levels and the presence of comorbidities were predictors of its therapeutic efficacy.
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Torres-Duque CA, Ocampo-Gómez J, Castillo MM, Cano-Rosales D, Giraldo-Montoya Á, Rodríguez F, Palacios-Ortega I, Durán-Silva M, Reynales H, García E, Proaños-Jurado J, Carreño A, Celis AM, Chapman E, García MB, González-García M, Jiménez-Maldonado L, Londoño J, Morales E, Morales-Castillo M, Valencia V, Vanegas I, Vargas-Ramírez L. Real-world effectiveness of omalizumab for severe allergic asthma treatment in Colombia. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:447. [DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The allergic phenotype is responsible for more than 50% of severe asthma cases. In a stepwise approach, add-on treatments such as anti-IgE are used for severe allergic asthma (SAA). This study was aimed to describe the real-world effectiveness of omalizumab in adult and pediatric patients with SAA in Colombia.
Methods
This was an observational, non-interventional, retrospective study. Data from patients with SAA that received at least one month of treatment with omalizumab was obtained from medical records at eight sites in Colombia. Time-zero (t − 0) was defined as the date of initiation of omalizumab, and data was gathered for a 12-month period before t − 0 and a 12-month period after t − 0. Clinical outcomes, including exacerbations, were assessed at 6 and 12 months. Effectiveness of omalizumab was evaluated in terms of the reduction of the risk of exacerbations (annualized rate).
Results
We included 143 patients with SAA. There was a decrease of 72.4% of the annualized rate of clinically significant asthma exacerbations during the year after omalizumab (from 1.74 before to 0.48 after) with a substantial reduction of the risk of exacerbations by 56.7% (RR [95% CI] 0.43 [0.30–0.63] p < 0,001).
Conclusion
The use of omalizumab in Colombia as a treatment for SAA notably reduced the risk of clinically significant exacerbations. This study is the first to evaluate omalizumab real-life effectiveness in pediatric and adult patients in the country.
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Zhao C, Qin M, Jin L, Lai J, Wang Y, Liu S, Yu S. Significance of Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide in Auxiliary Diagnosis and Evaluation of Allergic Rhinitis. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2083057. [PMID: 36466157 PMCID: PMC9712024 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2083057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The concentration of exhaled NO and CO is considered as a candidate marker of respiratory inflammatory disease. This report discusses the exhaled NO and CO in the auxiliary diagnosis and evaluation of allergic rhinitis (AR). METHODS 60 AR patients from October 2017 to March 2019, compared with 30 healthy controls. The severity of AR disease was distinguished by symptom score. Both groups were tested for exhaled nitric oxide through the nose or mouth and exhale carbon monoxide through the mouth. AR patients received glucocorticoid nasal spray for 1 month and were tested again for nNO, eNO, eCO, and symptom score. RESULTS Before treatment, all the nNO, eNO, and eCO of the AR group were higher than the control group. There were differences in the severe and moderate subgroup: severe > moderate > mild. eCO was not significantly different between the mild and control groups. The nNO, eNO, and eCO levels were positively correlated with symptom score. After treatment, nNO decreased significantly in the three subgroups; eNO and eCO in the severe AR group decreased significantly. Drawing the ROC curve, the area under curve (AUC) of nNO is 0.978. The AUC of eNO and eCO was 0.786 and 0.577, respectively. CONCLUSION The nNO, eNO, and eCO in the AR group are higher than healthy people, which positively correlated with the severity of AR symptoms. The detection of nNO, eNO, and eCO can monitor the changes of AR. The detection of nNO level as an indicator of AR auxiliary diagnosis has high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Mali Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Ju Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shuangxi Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shaoqing Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
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Implications of nasal delivery of bromelain on its pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and pharmacodynamic profile-A preclinical study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277849. [PMID: 36399461 PMCID: PMC9674142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a polygenic chronic inflammatory respiratory disease devastating the quality of life and state economies. Therefore, utilization of natural products as a therapeutic approach has attained wider consideration for development of novel drugs for asthma management. Bromelain, a mixture of natural bioactive cysteine proteases abundantly found in pineapple stem, has allured attention for its pharmacological activities. However, poor stability in gastric milieu, high dose and immunogenicity associated with prolonged use hinders its oral use. Therefore, need exists to explore alternative route of bromelain administration to achieve its plausible benefits. The present study investigated the preclinical prospects of nasal administration of bromelain on systemic bioavailability, tissue distribution and it's in vivo anti-histaminic, bronchodilator and anti-asthmatic activity in animal models. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed 1.43-fold higher relative bioavailability with faster absorption of bromelain on nasal administration at one-fourth oral dose. The enhanced cellular uptake and localization of bromelain in tissues of lung was observed significantly. Furthermore, faster onset and enhanced antihistaminic, bronchodilator and anti-asthmatic activity on bromelain's nasal administration signified faster absorption and higher in vivo stability of bromelain. Nasal administration significantly achieved decrease in level of oxidative and immunological markers along with restoration of antioxidant enzymes at considerably one-fourth dose administered orally. These findings distinctly manifested that nasal administration could be a substantial and effective route for bromelain delivery with enduring competency in asthma management.
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Saad EA, Elsaid AM, Shoaib RMS, Megahed KF, Elsharawy AN. MUC7 VNTR polymorphism and association with bronchial asthma in Egyptian children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18910. [PMID: 36344553 PMCID: PMC9640678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of mucins in the airways donates largely to airway blockage in asthma patients. Glycoprotein MUC7 plays a role in the clearance of bacteria and has anti-candidacidal criteria. Our goal was to investigate the association between the MUC7 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism and bronchial asthma among Egyptian children. The MUC7 VNTR polymorphism was investigated among 100 children with bronchial asthma and 100 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The frequencies of 6*5 genotype, 5*5 genotype, (6*5 + 5*5) genotypes, and MUC7*5 allele of the MUC7 VNTR variant were significantly lower among asthmatic patients than controls (p < 0.015, OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.19-0.81; p = 0.03, OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.04-0.86; p < 0.001, OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.15-0.58; p < 0.001, OR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.17-0.55, respectively). The (6*5 + 5*5) genotypes of the MUC7 VNTR variant were not associated with the clinical manifestations and serum levels of IgE, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 among asthmatic patients (p ˃ 0.05). In conclusion, the (6*5 + 5*5) genotypes of the MUC7 VNTR variant may have a protective role for bronchial asthma in Egyptian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Entsar A. Saad
- grid.462079.e0000 0004 4699 2981Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517 Egypt
| | - Afaf M. Elsaid
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Genetics Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. S. Shoaib
- grid.510451.4Food and Dairy Sciences and Technology Department, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Arish, North Sinai Egypt
| | - Khaled F. Megahed
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal N. Elsharawy
- grid.462079.e0000 0004 4699 2981Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517 Egypt
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Chen IL, Chung HW, Hsieh HM, Chen SC, Chen HC, Lin YC, Hung CH. The prenatal and postnatal effects of air pollution on asthma in children with atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2724-2734. [PMID: 35927981 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Air pollution is strongly associated with asthma, but has not been determined to induce new-onset asthma development in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). WORKING HYPOTHESIS To assess whether prenatal/postnatal exposure to air pollutants triggers new-onset asthma development in children with AD. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PATIENT-SUBJECT SELECTION Data of patients <age 18 years diagnosed with eczema or AD between 2009 and 2019 were extracted from the multicenter Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Research Database. Patients diagnosed with new-onset asthma were in the asthma group and patients without asthma history were in the non-asthma group. METHODOLOGY The monthly average concentration of air pollutants for 1, 3, and 5 years before the index date, and 3, 6, and 9 months prenatally were analyzed and further stratified by age, immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and the percentage of eosinophil and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). RESULTS Postnatal exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM2.5 , PM10 ), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), ozone (O3 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitric dioxide (NO2 ), and NOx , and prenatal exposure to PM2.5 , PM10 , SO2 , NO, and NOx were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the non-asthma group. Patients having IgE above 100 IU/ml and ECP less than 24 ng/ml were significantly influenced by postnatal exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 , especially CO, to develop asthma, and those having an eosinophil count >3% were significantly influenced by prenatal exposure to PM2.5 , especially SO2 , NO, and NO2 . CONCLUSIONS Prenatal and postnatal exposure to air pollution have an association with asthma development in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Community Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Big Data Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Doctoral Degree Program of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lee JH, Lin YT, Chu AL, Hsiao SY, Chang KY, Yang YH, Wang LC, Yu HH, Hu YC, Chiang BL. Predictive characteristics to discriminate the longitudinal outcomes of childhood asthma: a retrospective program-based study. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:1357-1363. [PMID: 35075263 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-01956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood asthma is an inflammatory disease with heterogeneous outcomes. We sought to determine the impact of total IgE, blood eosinophil, allergen sensitization, and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) on longitudinal outcomes and to identify characteristics for discriminating different outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study in 383 childhood asthma patients and another 313 patients with blood eosinophil data only receiving regular program-based visits from September 1, 2004, to December 31, 2018. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability, PEF predicted %, asthma severity, and asthma control at each visit were assessed as clinical outcomes. RESULTS Our data show that the percentage of blood eosinophils was significantly associated with increased asthma severity (OR: 1.043, 95% CI: 1.002-1.086, P = 0.0392). Mold sensitization was significantly associated with asthma severity (OR: 2.2485, 95% CI: 1.3253-3.8150, P = 0.0027). Characteristics including sensitization status plus ICS dosage had the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value for predicting longitudinal PEF predicted % (0.6609), PEF variability (0.6885), asthma severity (0.5918), and asthma control (0.6441), respectively. CONCLUSIONS We showed that the risk for adverse clinical outcomes at follow-up differed between serum IgE, blood eosinophil, and allergen sensitization identified at baseline. Sensitization and ICS dosage were predictive characteristics of long-term clinical outcomes. IMPACT The unique aspects of the study are its longitudinal assessment of patients receiving guideline-based asthma management program to help characterize the stability of the clinical outcomes over time. Characteristics including allergen sensitization and ICS dosage demonstrated an improved capability for distinguishing between better and worse clinical outcomes. Through longitudinal serial assessment, this study indicates the risk for adverse clinical outcomes differed between children with serum IgE/blood eosinophil/allergen sensitization characterized at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Hong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Tsan Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ai-Lin Chu
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ya Hsiao
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuei-Ying Chang
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yao-Hsu Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Hui Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Chiao Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Ameliorative Effect of Imperatorin on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus-Induced Allergic Asthma by Suppressing the Th2 Response in Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207028. [PMID: 36296620 PMCID: PMC9610181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Imperatorin is a furanocoumarin derivative and an effective ingredient in several Chinese medicinal herbs. It has favorable expectorant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated whether imperatorin has protective effects against Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-induced asthma in mice. Lung and bronchial tissues were histopathologically examined through hematoxylin–eosin staining. The concentrations of immunoglobin E (IgE), IgG1, IgG2a in serum and those of T helper 1 (Th1) and two cytokines and eosinophil-activated chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected using an enzyme immunoassay. Histological examination revealed that imperatorin reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, and endothelial cell hyperplasia. The examination also indicated that imperatorin could reduce the inflammatory cell count in BALF as well as IgE and IgG1 expression in serum, but IgG2a expression was significantly increased. Imperatorin reduced the production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 by Th2, promoted the production of interferon-γ and IL-12 by Th1, and increased the production of IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These findings suggest that imperatorin has a considerable anti-inflammatory effect on Der p-induced allergic asthma in mice.
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Shi L, Liu C, Xiong H, Shi D. Elevation of IgE in patients with psoriasis: Is it a paradoxical phenomenon? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1007892. [PMID: 36314037 PMCID: PMC9606585 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1007892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) elevation is a hallmark of allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis (AD). The pathogenesis of AD is typically associated with high levels of IL-4 and IL-13 produced by activated T helper 2 (Th2) cells. Psoriasis, on the other hand, is an inflammatory skin disease mainly driven by Th17 cells and their related cytokines. Although the immunopathologic reactions and clinical manifestations are often easily distinguished in the two skin conditions, patients with psoriasis may sometimes exhibit AD-like manifestations, such as elevated IgE and persistent pruritic lesions. Given the fact that the effective T cells have great plasticity to re-differentiate in response to innate and environmental factors, this unusual skin condition could be a consequence of a cross-reaction between distinct arms of T-cell and humoral immunity. Here we review the literature concerning the roles of IgE in the development of AD and psoriasis, showing that elevated IgE seems to be an important indicator for this non-typical psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyao Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Chen Liu
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Basic Medical School, Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China,Huabao Xiong
| | - Dongmei Shi
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China,Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China,*Correspondence: Dongmei Shi
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Chan Y, Singh SK, Gulati M, Wadhwa S, Prasher P, Kumar D, Kumar AP, Gupta G, Kuppusamy G, Haghi M, George Oliver BG, Adams J, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Advances and applications of monoolein as a novel nanomaterial in mitigating chronic lung diseases. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022; 74:103541. [PMID: 35774068 PMCID: PMC9221924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and the recently emerged COVID-19, are a huge threat to human health, and among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality every year. Despite availability of various conventional therapeutics, many patients remain poorly controlled and have a poor quality of life. Furthermore, the treatment and diagnosis of these diseases are becoming increasingly challenging. In the recent years, the application of nanomedicine has become increasingly popular as a novel strategy for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, as well as follow-up of chronic lung diseases. This is attributed to the ability of nanoscale drug carriers to achieve targeted delivery of therapeutic moieties with specificity to diseased site within the lung, thereby enhancing therapeutic outcomes of conventional therapies whilst minimizing the risks of adverse reactions. For this instance, monoolein is a polar lipid nanomaterial best known for its versatility, thermodynamic stability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. As such, it is commonly employed in liquid crystalline systems for various drug delivery applications. In this review, we present the applications of monoolein as a novel nanomaterial-based strategy for targeted drug delivery with the potential to revolutionize therapeutic approaches in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
| | - Sheetu Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Avvaru Praveen Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Po Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mehra Haghi
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Al Ahmad M, Borboa Olivares LM, Cardoso AP, Djazmati W, Vinuesa MA, Domínguez MDJG, Neto AC, Gamboa LU, Lee JK, Pinho N, Tassinari P. Real-life Effectiveness of Omalizumab in Patients with Severe Allergic Asthma: RELIEF Study. Open Respir Med J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18743064-v16-e2206130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
Patients with severe allergic asthma (SAA) are at risk of severe exacerbations. Omalizumab is recommended as an add-on treatment for patients with uncontrolled SAA, despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long acting β2-agonist combination therapy (standard therapy).
RELIEF was a prospective, open label, multicenter study conducted to assess the real-life effectiveness of omalizumab co-administered with standard therapy in patients with SAA for 24 months.
Methods:
A total of 347 patients aged ≥ 6 years with SAA were enrolled, 285 of whom (8 pediatrics and 277 adolescents and adults) completed this 24-month study. Compared with the 12 months prior to baseline, the mean number of exacerbations was reduced in the overall population at any time interval during the study. Proportion of patients with no exacerbations increased to 77.7% at 24 months from 32.6% at 12 months prior to baseline. A reduction in healthcare resource utilization was also observed. The mean number of specialist visits reduced from baseline (5.8 visits) to 2.4 visits at Month 24.
Results:
The mean asthma control test score was >19 at every time-point during the study. The rate of Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (GETE) for asthma response significantly increased at Months 18 and 24 (P <0.05) compared to baseline. Pulmonary function remained relatively stable for the overall study population. There were no new or unexpected safety findings in the study.
Conclusion:
RELIEF study showed that add-on therapy with omalizumab is effective in reducing exacerbations, healthcare utilization, and improving GETE score in patients with SAA uncontrolled by standard therapy.
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Okwuofu EO, Hui AYC, Woei JLC, Stanslas J. Molecular and Immunomodulatory Actions of New Antiasthmatic Agents: Exploring the Diversity of Biologics in Th2 Endotype Asthma. Pharmacol Res 2022; 181:106280. [PMID: 35661709 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a major respiratory disorder characterised by chronic inflammation and airway remodelling. It affects about 1-8% of the global population and is responsible for over 461,000 deaths annually. Until recently, the pharmacotherapy of severe asthma involved high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in combination with β-agonist for prolonged action, including theophylline, leukotriene antagonist or anticholinergic yielding limited benefit. Although the use of newer agents to target Th2 asthma endotypes has improved therapeutic outcomes in severe asthmatic conditions, there seems to be a paucity of understanding the diverse mechanisms through which these classes of drugs act. This article delineates the molecular and immunomodulatory mechanisms of action of new antiasthmatic agents currently being trialled in preclinical and clinical studies to remit asthmatic conditions. The ultimate goal in developing antiasthmatic agents is based on two types of approaches: either anti-inflammatory or bronchodilators. Biologic and most small molecules have been shown to modulate specific asthma endotypes, targeting thymic stromal lymphopoietin, tryptase, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), Janus kinase, PD-L1/PD-L2, GATA-3, and CD38 for the treatment and management of Th2 endotype asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Oshiogwe Okwuofu
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Jonathan Lim Chee Woei
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Chang YH, Yeh KW, Huang JL, Su KW, Tsai MH, Hua MC, Liao SL, Lai SH, Chen LC, Chiu CY. Metabolomics analysis reveals molecular linkages for the impact of vitamin D on childhood allergic airway diseases. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13785. [PMID: 35616893 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported the relevance between serum vitamin D and allergic immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses and atopic diseases. However, a metabolomics-based approach to the impacts of vitamin D on allergic reactions remains unclear. METHODS A total of 111 children completed a 3-year follow-up were enrolled and classified based on longitudinal vitamin D status (≥ 30 ng/ml, n = 54; 20-29.9 ng/ml, n = 41; <20 ng/ml, n = 16). Urinary metabolomic profiling was performed using 1 H-Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy at age 3. Integrative analyses of their associations related to vitamin D levels, atopic indices, and allergies were performed, and their roles in functional metabolic pathways were also assessed. RESULTS Six and five metabolites were identified to be significantly associated with vitamin D status and atopic diseases, respectively (FDR-adjusted p-value <.05). A further correlation analysis revealed that vitamin D-associated 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid and glutamine were positively correlated with atopic disease-associated succinic acid and alanine, respectively. Furthermore, hippuric acid was negatively correlated with atopic disease-associated formic acid, which was positively correlated with vitamin D level (p < .01). Absolute eosinophil count (AEC) was positively correlated with serum D. pteronyssinus- and D. farinae-specific IgE level (p < .01) but negatively correlated with vitamin D level (p < .05). Amino acid metabolisms were significantly associated with vitamin D related to childhood allergies. CONCLUSION Integrative metabolomic analysis provides the link of vitamin D-associated metabolites with the gut microbiome and immunoallergic reactions related to childhood allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ho Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chin Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Ling Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Mukherjee D, Bhatt S. Biocomposite-based nanostructured delivery systems for treatment and control of inflammatory lung diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:845-863. [PMID: 35477308 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases related to the lungs are among the most prevalent medical problems threatening human life. The treatment options and therapeutics available for these diseases are hindered by inadequate drug concentrations at pathological sites, a dearth of cell-specific targeting and different biological barriers in the alveoli or conducting airways. Nanostructured delivery systems for lung drug delivery have been significant in addressing these issues. The strategies used include surface engineering by altering the material structure or incorporation of specific ligands to reach prespecified targets. The unique characteristics of nanoparticles, such as controlled size and distribution, surface functional groups and therapeutic release triggering capabilities, are tailored to specific requirements to overcome the major therapeutic barriers in pulmonary diseases. In the present review, the authors intend to deliver significant up-to-date research in nanostructured therapies in inflammatory lung diseases with an emphasis on biocomposite-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrubojyoti Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560054, India
| | - Shvetank Bhatt
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474005, India
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43
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Ko H, Kim CJ, Im SH. T Helper 2-Associated Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866549. [PMID: 35444658 PMCID: PMC9014558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that mainly affects women in their reproductive years. A complex interaction of environmental and genetic factors leads to the disruption of immune tolerance towards self, causing overt immune activation and production of autoantibodies that attack multiple organs. Kidney damage, termed lupus nephritis, is the leading cause of SLE-related morbidity and mortality. Autoantibodies are central to propagating lupus nephritis through forming immune complexes and triggering complements. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) potently activates complement; therefore, autoantibodies were mainly considered to be of the IgG isotype. However, studies revealed that over 50% of patients produce autoantibodies of the IgE isotype. IgE autoantibodies actively participate in disease pathogenesis as omalizumab treatment, a humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, improved disease severity in an SLE clinical trial. IgE is a hallmark of T helper 2-associated immunity. Thus, T helper 2-associated immunity seems to play a pathogenic role in a subset of SLE patients. This review summarizes human and animal studies that illustrate type 2 immune responses involved during the pathology of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeun Ko
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Chan Johng Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea.,Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea.,Institute for Convergence Research and Education, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,ImmunoBiome Inc., Bio Open Innovation Center, Pohang, South Korea
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44
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Cheng H, Guo P, Su T, Jiang C, Zhu Z, Wei W, Zhang L, Wang Q. G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 2 and β-arrestin2: Key players in immune cell functions and inflammation. Cell Signal 2022; 95:110337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yang Y, Huang L, Tian C, Qian B. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate alleviate airway inflammatory responses in ovalbumin-induced mouse model of allergic asthma. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:525-533. [PMID: 35315307 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2055567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease, lacking effective therapeutic approaches. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) is an anti-inflammatory drug for treating chronic inflammation. However, it is still ambiguous whether MgIG can function in allergy induced asthma. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammation effect of MgIG in mice with allergy induced asthma and explored the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Mouse asthma model was established with ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. Subsequently, mice sensitized with OVA were randomly assigned into fourgroups: asthma model group (MDL), dexamethasone group (DXM), MgIG group (MgIG), and normal mice were used as normal control (CON). The mice in MgIG, MDL were given 0.2 mg/ml MgIG solution by atomization inhalation for 30 min before 1% (w/v) OVA challenge. At the completion of model establishment and drug treatment, cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were classified, inflammatory factors in serum were determined, histopathological analysis was performed by H&E staining, and expression of MUC5AC, NLRP3, and cleaved caspase-1 in the lung tissue was also determined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, respectively. KEY FINDINGS In comparison to MDL group, MgIG treatment could significantly inhibit the recruitment of white blood cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in BALF, reduced the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IgE in serum, and reduced mucus secretion and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Also, an increase of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 protein levels were suppressed by MgIG treatment. CONCLUSION Our study findings support that nebulizer inhalation of MgIG as an effective therapy in treating the allergy induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
| | - Chongchong Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
| | - Bingjun Qian
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
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Wu G, Hu H, Zhang T, Zhang XD, Sun B. Profiles of sensitization and comorbidity in asthma patients with markedly increased serum total IgE (>1000kU/L). Allergy Asthma Proc 2022; 43:124-132. [PMID: 35317889 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2022.43.210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays an important role in asthma, but a few patients exhibit extremely high levels of serum total IgE. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the profiles of comorbidity and/or complications, severity, and sensitizations in patients with asthma and with a total IgE level > 1000 kU/L. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 170 patients with asthma and with total IgE levels of >1000 kU/L from the inpatient data base. Available information, including age, gender, body mass index, diagnosis, results of routine blood tests, pulmonary function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, induced sputum (if any), IgE (both total and specific) tests and medication records were analyzed. Results: In the study subjects, >80% were adults, and the average total IgE level was median (interquartile range) 1438 kU/L (1181-2255 kU/L). Approximately 15% of the subjects had at least one comorbidity and/or complication, and 78.82% of the subjects were positive for at least one allergen. Airway infections (44.71%) and rhinosinusitis (41.18%) accounted for the two most common conditions despite age groups. Total IgE levels did not differ among the subjects with different conditions. Overall, mites had the highest positive rate (59.4%). Serum total IgE levels were positively correlated with house-dust mite specific IgE (sIgE) levels (r = 0.23; p < 0.05), peripheral blood eosinophil counts (r = 0.21; p < 0.01), and the number of confirmed sIgE positivity (r = 0.19; p < 0.01), and optimal scaling analysis showed that asthma severity was associated with Aspergillus fumigatus sIgE levels. Conclusion: In the subjects with asthma and with a total IgE level of >1000 kU/L, the two most common conditions were airway infections and rhinosinusitis, despite sensitization. A. fumigatus sIgE levels were closely associated with total IgE levels and asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wu
- From the National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Haisheng Hu
- From the National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Teng Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | | | - Baoqing Sun
- From the National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China; and
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Nadhim LI. Investigation on the Effect of Age and Gender on Hypersensitivity Reactions due to Allergens Injection in Iraqi Population. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2022; 77:359-365. [PMID: 35891761 PMCID: PMC9288604 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.356679.1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of the immune system due to the insertion of allergens into the living body has been known as an allergic reaction. Some substances, such as pollen grains, insects' venom, house dust mite, foods, and medicines, can induce allergic responses. Therefore, this study was designed to shed light on the role of gender and age in allergic reactions resulting from some organic and chemical allergens. A total of 200 individuals participated in this study, including 70 males and 130 females. A skin test was performed by subcutaneously injecting allergens, namely amoxicillin, cefotaxine, gentamicin, Vespula spp., and Apis mellifera. All the chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise stated. The spot of injection was sterilized by ethyl alcohol (70%) and well dried; subsequently, 0.05 mL of each allergen (antigen) was injected via a 1-mL medical syringe. The results showed that 140 cases were allergic. Anti-cefotaxine occupied the highest percentage among the studied drug allergens. The highest percentage of males (37.5%) that were allergic was at the age range of 28-35 years, whereas the highest percentage of females (18.5%) that were allergic was at the age range of 17-27 years. Sensitivity to amoxicillin accounted for 12.5% of males at the age range of 28-37 years and 3.7% of females at the age range of 17-27 years. Gentamicin triggered the highest percentage of sensitivity in 12.5% and 7.4% of males and females aged 48-57 years and 17-27 years, respectively. The results showed that honey bees had the highest percentage of total sensitivity at 40%. The highest sensitivity rate stood at 37.5% in males at the age range of 28-37 years and 18.5% in females at the age range of 17-27 years. Wasps recorded a total sensitivity rate of 17.1%, with the highest percentage at 37.5% in males who were aged 17-27 years and 3.7% in females at the age ranges of 17-27 and 48-57 years. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that there were significant (P≤0.05) differences for all allergens that were studied regarding gender and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lateef I Nadhim
- Department of General Sciences, College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Guryanova SV, Gigani OB, Gudima GO, Kataeva AM, Kolesnikova NV. Dual Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin in Experimental Model of Asthma. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020192. [PMID: 35207480 PMCID: PMC8879587 DOI: 10.3390/life12020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases, affecting over 200 million people. A large number of drugs control asthma attacks, but there is no effective therapy. Identification of reasons for asthma and preventing this disease is a relevant task. The influence of bacterial components is necessary for the normal development of the immune system and the formation of an adequate immune response to antigens. In the absence of microorganisms or their insufficient exposure, the prerequisites are formed for excessive reactivity to harmless antigens. In the present study, we analyzed cellular and humoral factors in a standard mouse model of OVA-induced asthma modified by 5-fold intraperitoneal injection of bacterial cell wall fragments of glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP) 5 μg/animal or 1 μg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) per animal for 5 days before sensitization by ovalbumin (OVA). Preliminary administration of LPS or GMDP to animals significantly reduced goblet cells as well as the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage, wherein GMDP corrected neutrophilia to a 2-fold degree, and LPS reduced the severity of eosinophilia by 1.9 times. With OVA administration of GMDP or LPS at the sensitization stage, an increase in the total number of bronchoalveolar lavage cells due to neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and eosinophils in relation to the group with asthma without GMDP or LPS was observed. The administration of GMDP or LPS to normal mice without asthma for 5 days had no statistically significant effect on the change in the number and population composition of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage in comparison with the control group receiving PBS. As a result of a study in a mouse model of asthma, a dual effect of LPS and GMDP was established: the introduction of LPS or GMDP before sensitization reduces neutrophilia and eosinophilia, while the introduction of LPS or GMDP together with an allergen significantly increases neutrophilia and eosinophilia. The study of the immunoglobulin status shows that in normal-asthma mice, GMDP and LPS slightly increase IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage; at the same time, in the asthma model, injections of GMDP or LPS before sensitization contribute to a significant decrease in IgA (2.6 times and 2.1 times, respectively) in BALF and IgE (2.2 times and 2.0 times, respectively) in blood serum. In an experimental model of asthma, the effect of GMDP and LPS was multidirectional: when they are repeatedly administered before sensitization, the bacterial components significantly reduce the severity of the allergic process, while in the case of a joint injection with an allergen, they increase the influx of macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils into the lungs, which can aggravate the course of pathological process. Thus, the insufficient effect of antigens of a bacterial nature, in particular, with prolonged use of antibiotics can be compensated for by substances based on low-molecular-weight bioregulators of bacterial origin to establish the missing signals for innate immunity receptors, whose constant activation at a certain level is necessary to maintain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Guryanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (O.B.G.); (A.M.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga B. Gigani
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (O.B.G.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Georgii O. Gudima
- National Research Center-Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency, 115522 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasiya M. Kataeva
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (O.B.G.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Natalya V. Kolesnikova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Kuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 350063 Krasnodar, Russia;
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Liu C, You J, Lu Y, Sun J, Pan J, Li Y, Liu T, Li Y, Wang A, Zhang X, Wang Y, Pan W. Protective effects on ovalbumin-induced mouse asthma models and qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple compounds in Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:990-1005. [PMID: 34936206 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba is widely used to treat cough and asthma in China. However, its effects on allergic asthma as related to its chemical compositions have not been fully elucidated, and there is a scarcity of methods to determine multi-component contents for quality control. In this study, protective effects of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba on ovalbumin-induced asthma models were investigated, while qualitative and quantitative analyses of multiple constituents in Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba were conducted by using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography -Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry and an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography -photodiode array detection. The results showed that Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba could significantly mitigate asthma symptoms, reduce eosinophils counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as decrease IgE, IL-5 and IL-13 concentration, and inflammatory cellular infiltration in lung tissues. A total of 51 compounds were tentatively identified, in which the content of 10 representative compounds was determined in 24 batches of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba by using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography method with good linearity, precision, repeatability, accuracy and stability. This research presents a comprehensive strategy combining biological activity evaluation with chemical profiling, providing a useful and comprehensive reference for further application and quality control of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jingrui You
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yueting Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Aimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
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50
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Wen TH, Tsai KW, Wu YJ, Liao MT, Lu KC, Hu WC. The Framework for Human Host Immune Responses to Four Types of Parasitic Infections and Relevant Key JAK/STAT Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413310. [PMID: 34948112 PMCID: PMC8705408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human host immune responses to parasitic infections are complex. They can be categorized into four immunological pathways mounted against four types of parasitic infections. For intracellular protozoa, the eradicable host immunological pathway is TH1 immunity involving macrophages (M1), interferon gamma (IFNγ) CD4 T cells, innate lymphoid cells 1 (NKp44+ ILC1), CD8 T cells (Effector-Memory4, EM4), invariant natural killer T cells 1 (iNKT1) cells, and immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) B cells. For intracellular protozoa, the tolerable host immunological pathway is TH1-like immunity involving macrophages (M2), interferon gamma (IFNγ)/TGFβ CD4 T cells, innate lymphoid cells 1 (NKp44- ILC1), CD8 T cells (EM3), invariant natural killer T 1 (iNKT1) cells, and immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) B cells. For free-living extracellular protozoa, the eradicable host immunological pathway is TH22 immunity involving neutrophils (N1), interleukin-22 CD4 T cells, innate lymphoid cells 3 (NCR+ ILC3), iNKT17 cells, and IgG2 B cells. For free-living extracellular protozoa, the tolerable host immunological pathway is TH17 immunity involving neutrophils (N2), interleukin-17 CD4 T cells, innate lymphoid cells 3 (NCR- ILC3), iNKT17 cells, and IgA2 B cells. For endoparasites (helminths), the eradicable host immunological pathway is TH2a immunity with inflammatory eosinophils (iEOS), interleukin-5/interleukin-4 CD4 T cells, interleukin-25 induced inflammatory innate lymphoid cells 2 (iILC2), tryptase-positive mast cells (MCt), iNKT2 cells, and IgG4 B cells. For ectoparasites (parasitic insects and arachnids), the eradicable host immunological pathway is TH2b immunity with inflammatory basophils, chymase- and tryptase-positive mast cells (MCct), interleukin-3/interleukin-4 CD4 T cells, interleukin-33 induced nature innate lymphoid cells 2 (nILC2), iNKT2 cells, and immunoglobulin E (IgE) B cells. The tolerable host immunity against ectoparasites and endoparasites is TH9 immunity with regulatory eosinophils, regulatory basophils, interleukin-9 mast cells (MMC9), thymic stromal lymphopoietin induced innate lymphoid cells 2, interleukin-9 CD4 T cells, iNKT2 cells, and IgA2 B cells. In addition, specific transcription factors important for specific immune responses were listed. This JAK/STAT signaling is key to controlling or inducing different immunological pathways. In sum, Tfh is related to STAT5β, and BCL6 expression. Treg is related to STAT5α, STAT5β, and FOXP3. TH1 immunity is related to STAT1α, STAT4, and T-bet. TH2a immunity is related to STAT6, STAT1α, GATA1, and GATA3. TH2b immunity is related to STAT6, STAT3, GATA2, and GATA3. TH22 immunity is associated with both STAT3α and AHR. THαβ immunity is related to STAT1α, STAT1β, STAT2, STAT3β, and ISGF. TH1-like immunity is related to STAT1α, STAT4, STAT5α, and STAT5β. TH9 immunity is related to STAT6, STAT5α, STAT5β, and PU.1. TH17 immunity is related to STAT3α, STAT5α, STAT5β, and RORG. TH3 immunity is related to STAT1α, STAT1β, STAT2, STAT3β, STAT5α, STAT5β, and ISGF. This categorization provides a complete framework of immunological pathways against four types of parasitic infections. This framework as well as relevant JAK/STAT signaling can provide useful knowledge to control allergic hypersensitivities and parasitic infections via development of vaccines or drugs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Wen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan;
| | - Yan-Jun Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City 325, Taiwan; (Y.-J.W.); (M.-T.L.)
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City 325, Taiwan; (Y.-J.W.); (M.-T.L.)
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation No. 289, Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-89676779
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