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Mendes C, Carvalho M, Martins C, Rodrigues LM, Gregório J. Design and Development of a Nurse-Led Program for the Management of Bariatric Surgery Patients-The NURLIFE Program. Prof Case Manag 2024; 29:229-234. [PMID: 39058569 DOI: 10.1097/ncm.0000000000000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Mendes
- Cláudia Mendes, MSc, Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal. She is affiliated with Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade eMetabólica, Évora, Portugal, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies Lisbon, Portugal, d Escuela de Doctorado, Programa de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain and CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Manuel Carvalho, MD, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal and CRI.COM - Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade e Metabólica, Évora, Portugal
- Catarina Martins, RN, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal
- Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
- João Gregório, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Carvalho
- Cláudia Mendes, MSc, Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal. She is affiliated with Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade eMetabólica, Évora, Portugal, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies Lisbon, Portugal, d Escuela de Doctorado, Programa de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain and CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Manuel Carvalho, MD, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal and CRI.COM - Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade e Metabólica, Évora, Portugal
- Catarina Martins, RN, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal
- Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
- João Gregório, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Martins
- Cláudia Mendes, MSc, Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal. She is affiliated with Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade eMetabólica, Évora, Portugal, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies Lisbon, Portugal, d Escuela de Doctorado, Programa de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain and CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Manuel Carvalho, MD, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal and CRI.COM - Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade e Metabólica, Évora, Portugal
- Catarina Martins, RN, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal
- Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
- João Gregório, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Monteiro Rodrigues
- Cláudia Mendes, MSc, Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal. She is affiliated with Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade eMetabólica, Évora, Portugal, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies Lisbon, Portugal, d Escuela de Doctorado, Programa de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain and CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Manuel Carvalho, MD, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal and CRI.COM - Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade e Metabólica, Évora, Portugal
- Catarina Martins, RN, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal
- Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
- João Gregório, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Gregório
- Cláudia Mendes, MSc, Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal. She is affiliated with Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade eMetabólica, Évora, Portugal, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies Lisbon, Portugal, d Escuela de Doctorado, Programa de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain and CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Manuel Carvalho, MD, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal and CRI.COM - Centro Responsabilidade Integrada de Cirurgia da Obesidade e Metabólica, Évora, Portugal
- Catarina Martins, RN, is affiliated with Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora - Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, Portugal
- Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
- João Gregório, PhD, is affiliated with CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
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Cuda S. Special considerations for the child with obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) clinical practice statement (CPS) 2024. OBESITY PILLARS 2024; 11:100113. [PMID: 38953014 PMCID: PMC11216014 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Background This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) details assessment and management of the child with overweight or obesity. The term "child" is defined as the child between 2 and 12 years of age. Because children are in a continual state of development during this age range, we will specify when our discussion applies to subsets within this age range. For the purposes of this CPS, we will use the following definitions: overweight in the child is a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th and <95th percentile, obesity in the child is a BMI ≥95th percentile, and severe obesity is a BMI ≥120% of the 95th percentile. Methods The information and clinical guidance in this OMA Clinical Practice Statement are based on scientific evidence, supported by medical literature, and derived from the clinical perspectives of the authors. Results This OMA Clinical Practice Statement provides an overview of prevalence of disease in this population, reviews precocious puberty in the child with obesity, discusses the current and evolving landscape of the use of anti-obesity medications in children in this age range, discusses the child with obesity and special health care needs, and reviews hypothalamic obesity in the child. Conclusions This OMA Clinical Practice Statement on the child with obesity is an evidence based review of the literature and an overview of current recommendations. This CPS is intended to provide a roadmap to the improvement of the health of children with obesity, especially those with metabolic, physiological, psychological complications and/or special healthcare needs. This CPS addresses treatment recommendations and is designed to help the clinician with clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Cuda
- Alamo City Healthy Kids and Families, 1919 Oakwell Farms Parkway, Ste 145, San Antonio, TX, 78218, USA
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Ezenabor EH, Adeyemi AA, Adeyemi OS. Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome: Relationships and Opportunities for New Therapeutic Strategies. SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:4222083. [PMID: 39041052 PMCID: PMC11262881 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4222083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Since its discovery, numerous studies have shown the role of the microbiota in well-being and disease. The gut microbiota represents an essential factor that plays a multidirectional role that affects not just the gut but also other parts of the body, including the brain, endocrine system, humoral system, immune system, and metabolic pathways, as well as host-microbiome interactions. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature using the desktop research methodology, this review elucidates the mechanisms by which gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to metabolic dysfunction, including obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, hyperuricemia, and hyperglycaemia. Furthermore, it examines the bidirectional communication pathways between gut microbiota and host metabolism, highlighting the role of microbial-derived metabolites, immune modulation, and gut barrier integrity in shaping metabolic homeostasis. Importantly, the review identifies promising therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota as potential interventions for metabolic syndrome, including probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, dietary modifications, and faecal microbiota transplantation. By delineating the bidirectional interactions between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome, the review not only advances our understanding of disease pathophysiology but also underscores the potential for innovative microbiota-based interventions to mitigate the global burden of metabolic syndrome and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Henry Ezenabor
- Department of BiochemistryMedicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology LaboratoryBowen University, Iwo 232102, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Aishat Abimbola Adeyemi
- Department of BiochemistryMedicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology LaboratoryBowen University, Iwo 232102, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- Department of BiochemistryMedicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology LaboratoryBowen University, Iwo 232102, Osun State, Nigeria
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Liu C, Xia X, Zhu T, Gu W, Wang Z. Lower levels of vitamin D are associated with an increase in carotid intima-media thickness in children and adolescents with obesity. NUTR HOSP 2024. [PMID: 39037178 DOI: 10.20960/nh.05265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in children and adolescents with obesity is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels and CIMT in children and adolescents with obesity. METHODS a total of 440 children and adolescents aged 6-16 with obesity were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, blood lipids, blood glucose, and vitamin D levels were measured. Bilateral carotid ultrasound was performed to assess CIMT. The relationships between vitamin D levels and CIMT were assessed using multivariate linear regression with Generalized Linear Models and restricted cubic splines. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between vitamin D status and the risk of abnormal CIMT. RESULTS vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with CIMT in subjects with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels less than or equal to 50 nmol/L (ß = -0.147, 95 % CI [-0.263, -0.030], p = 0.013), but this correlation was not significant in subjects with serum 25(OH)D levels above 50 nmol/L. After correcting for various confounders, the risk of abnormal CIMT was significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group (OR = 2.080, 95 % CI [1.112, 3.891], p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for abnormal CIMT, and vitamin D deficiency may play a promoting role in the atherosclerotic process in children and adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition. Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xiaona Xia
- Department of Clinical Nutrition. Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. School of Public Health. Nanjing Medical University
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition. Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology. Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Zhixu Wang
- School of Public Health. Nanjing Medical University
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Lin J, Wang D, Wang W, Chen H, Lin W, Yin L, Ma Z, Fan Y, Fan F. Concurrent and longitudinal associations of dissatisfaction with height and weight, body mass index with sleep disturbance among adolescents in China. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02499-3. [PMID: 38967648 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disturbance in adolescents is a significant global public health issue that can result in various physical and mental disorders. Height and weight dissatisfaction, as subjective perceptions of body shape, are common in adolescence and may affect individuals' sleep situations. However, the association of them is unclear. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among height dissatisfaction, weight dissatisfaction, body mass index (BMI), and sleep disturbance in adolescents. A total of 27,260 participants completed measures of sleep disturbance, height and weight satisfaction, and BMI. The cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of height satisfaction, weight satisfaction, and BMI as well as their changes in sleep disturbance over time were tested. Height satisfaction (ps < 0.001) and weight satisfaction (ps < 0.001) were negatively associated with concurrent sleep disturbance after adjusting for socio-demographic covariates and previous sleep disturbance. Height satisfaction (ps < 0.001) and weight satisfaction (ps < 0.001) at T1 as well as their increases (ps < 0.001) over 6 months predicted decreases in sleep disturbance over time. The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between BMI and sleep disturbance were not significant (ps > 0.42). Moreover, height dissatisfaction (ORs = 1.06 to 1.34) and weight dissatisfaction (ORs = 1.21 to 1.36) were risk factors for concurrent and long-term sleep disturbance while adjusting socio-demographic covariates and previous sleep disturbance. Greater attention to subjective perception of height satisfaction and weight satisfaction, instead of BMI is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxu Lin
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haihui Chen
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weishi Lin
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luning Yin
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunge Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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He D, Cheng S, Wei W, Zhao Y, Cai Q, Chu X, Shi S, Zhang N, Qin X, Liu H, Jia Y, Cheng B, Wen Y, Zhang F. Body shape from birth to adulthood is associated with skeletal development: A Mendelian randomization study. Bone 2024; 187:117191. [PMID: 38969278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have shown that childhood obesity is associated with adult bone health but yield inconsistent results. We aimed to explore the potential causal association between body shape and skeletal development. METHODS We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate causal relationships between body shape from birth to adulthood and skeletal phenotypes, with exposures including placental weight, birth weight, childhood obesity, BMI, lean mass, fat mass, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Independent genetic instruments associated with the exposures at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8) were selected from corresponding large-scale genome-wide association studies. The inverse-variance weighted analysis was chosen as the primary method, and complementary MR analyses included the weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, and simple mode. RESULTS The MR analysis shows strong evidence that childhood (β = -1.29 × 10-3, P = 8.61 × 10-5) and adulthood BMI (β = -1.28 × 10-3, P = 1.45 × 10-10) were associated with humerus length. Tibiofemoral angle was negatively associated with childhood BMI (β = -3.60 × 10-1, P = 3.00 × 10-5) and adolescent BMI (β = -3.62 × 10-1, P = 2.68 × 10-3). In addition, genetically predicted levels of appendicular lean mass (β = 1.16 × 10-3, P = 1.49 × 10-13), whole body fat mass (β = 1.66 × 10-3, P = 1.35 × 10-9), waist circumference (β = 1.72 × 10-3, P = 6.93 × 10-8) and hip circumference (β =1.28 × 10-3, P = 4.34 × 10-6) were all associated with tibia length. However, we found no causal association between placental weight, birth weight and bone length/width. CONCLUSIONS This large-scale MR analysis explores changes in growth patterns in the length/width of major bone sites, highlighting the important role of childhood body shape in bone development and providing insights into factors that may drive bone maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenming Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijing Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoge Chu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sirong Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyue Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education of China, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Burke E, Jenkins T, Boles RE, Mitchell JE, Inge T, Gunstad J. Cognitive function 10 years after adolescent bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2024; 20:614-620. [PMID: 38413319 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent bariatric surgery produces substantial weight loss and reduction of medical co-morbidities. Research in adult samples shows improved cognitive function postoperatively, although much less is known about the potential cognitive benefits of bariatric surgery in adolescents-especially at extended follow-up. OBJECTIVE Examine cognitive function 10 years after adolescent bariatric surgery. SETTING University hospital. METHODS A total of 99 young adults who underwent bariatric surgery as adolescents completed a computerized cognitive test battery as part of a larger 10-year postoperative assessment. All had been long-term participants in the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) study. RESULTS Cognitive dysfunction was prevalent on tests of attention and executive function (e.g., Continuous Performance Test - Reaction Time 30%; Maze Errors - Overrun 30%), and 53.5% met research criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Modified Poisson regression with robust error variance revealed participants with preoperative hypertension and those completing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were more likely to meet criteria for MCI at 10-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The current findings indicate that cognitive deficits are common 10 years after bariatric surgery. Additional studies are needed to clarify possible cohort effects, determine whether these cognitive deficits persist to even later follow-up (e.g., 20 yr after surgery), and identify underlying mechanisms and mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Burke
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Todd Jenkins
- Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Richard E Boles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - James E Mitchell
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota; University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Science, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Thomas Inge
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John Gunstad
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio.
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Zhao F, Wang Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Xia Y, Jiang X, Zhou L, Khan A, Cheng S, Zou Z, Chen C, Qiu J. Association between protein-to-energy ratio and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in the United States: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1383602. [PMID: 38983459 PMCID: PMC11232357 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1383602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The dietary protein proportion may be crucial in triggering overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional data from 4,336 children and adolescents who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and March 2020 were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Restricted cubic splines assessed the nonlinear relationships between dietary protein intake and the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Results Adjusted logistic regression models showed that each 1% increase in dietary protein proportion was associated with a 4% higher risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07). A nonlinear relationship was noted in children aged 6-11 years (P < 0.05), as demonstrated by restricted cubic spline analysis. After dividing dietary protein intake into quartiles, the highest quartile had an adjusted OR of 2.07 (95% CI: 1.35, 3.16, P = 0.001) compared to the lowest, among children aged 6-11 years. Conclusion Dietary protein intake is positively linked to overweight and obesity in American children, irrespective of individual characteristics and total energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoyi Liu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ahmad Khan
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Omidi F, Nasiri MJ, Sadeghi S. Impact of Obesity on Cardiac Volumes and Left Ventricular Diameter: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Iranian Heart Center. Adv Med 2024; 2024:7038875. [PMID: 38899165 PMCID: PMC11186677 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7038875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity, a pressing global health issue worldwide, contributes to risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, creating an unfavorable cardiovascular environment and increasing the likelihood of adverse cardiac events. His study aims to assess the impact of obesity on various cardiovascular parameters. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted at a Heart Center, focusing on adults admitted for suspected heart diseases. The dataset included information on demographics, clinical history, laboratory results, and echocardiography. Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression were employed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Results The study of 105 individuals with suspected heart diseases revealed prevalent health factors such as hypertension (47.6%) and hyperlipidemia (61%). Body mass index (BMI) averaged 30, indicating a trend toward overweight. Obesity significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP, p=0.005) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, p=0.002), larger cardiac volumes (end-diastolic volume, EDV, p=0.013; end-systolic volume, ESV, p=0.040), and a marginally significant influence on left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD, p=0.068). No significant associations were found with left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDS), heart rate (HR), or ejection fraction (EF). Conclusions Our study highlights a significant association between obesity and elevated blood pressure, larger cardiac volumes, and a marginal impact on left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. While caution is needed in inferring causation due to the study's cross-sectional nature, these findings underscore the importance of addressing obesity as a potential risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Further investigations are warranted to enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between obesity and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Omidi
- Department of Cardiology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Soheila Sadeghi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Hossein Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Wang S, Fu Z, Chen W, Wu S, Ke S, Tu J, Wei B. Saccharina Japonica Polysaccharides Suppress High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Modulate Gut Microbiota Composition and Function. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202401088. [PMID: 38856108 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the potential of Saccharina japonica Polysaccharides (SJPs) in alleviating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity by regulating gut microbiota, which warrants further exploration to elucidate the underlying structure-activity relationship. In this study, five polysaccharide fractions (Sj-T, Sj-T-1, Sj-T-2, Sj-T-3, and Sj-T-4) with different structure characteristics were prepared from S. japonica, and their effects on HFD-induced obesity and gut microbiota composition were investigated using C57BL/6J mice. The results revealed that oral administration of Sj-T considerably suppressed HFD-induced obesity, glucose metabolic dysfunction, and other disordered symptoms. While, Sj-T-2, which has the lowest molecular weight, was the most effective in alleviating HFD-induced obesity and had the second-best effect on improving HFD-induced impaired glucose tolerance among the five SJPs. Supplementation with SJPs significantly modulated HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis both at the phylum and species levels, such as enriching Desulfobacterota and Actinobacteriota, while suppressing the abundance of Bacteroidota. Sj-T also dramatically restored the gut microbiota composition by modulating the abundance of many crucial gut bacterial taxa, including s_Bacteroides_acidifaciens, s_Lachnospiraceae _bacterium, and g_Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. Besides, SJPs also dramatically altered the function of gut microbiota, including many carbohydrate-metabolism enzymes. This study highlights the potential of SJPs in preventing obesity and restoring intestinal homeostasis in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA-90024, USA
| | - Zixi Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Weibing Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Sitong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Songze Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jianfeng Tu
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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11
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Varshney A, Al Sadiq MF, Kaur M, Nathawani RR, Rajadhyaksha A, Gharat RS, Motwani KG. Evaluating Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Morbid Obesity: A Prospective Follow-Up Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e61630. [PMID: 38966472 PMCID: PMC11222902 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become a primary option within bariatric surgery (BS), exhibiting favorable outcomes in terms of weight reduction and improvement of associated health conditions. This study was conducted to assess the outcomes of LSG in morbid obesity (MO) in terms of weight reduction and improvement of comorbidities. Materials and methods A prospective follow-up study was conducted from January 2021 to January 2023 at the Department of Surgery, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee with protocol no. IEC/612/2020, including 25 patients diagnosed with MO (BMI >40kg/m2) who underwent LSG. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery to track improvements in comorbidities and weight loss. Pre- and post-operative photos were taken, and any complications during the follow-up period were noted. Results Most participants in the study were middle-aged individuals, and 84% of the cohort had common comorbidities such as hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). LSG led to significant and sustained weight loss, with patients achieving an average reduction of 31.56 kg by the 12th month following the surgery. Moreover, substantial improvements in comorbidities, particularly HTN (76.9%) and DM (80%), were observed. However, not all comorbidities exhibited similar rates of recovery, highlighting the need for tailored management strategies. Using a correlation test, no significant correlation was found between the percentage over ideal body weight (IBW) and the reduction in excess weight, as indicated by a p-value exceeding 0.05. Conclusion LSG is an effective treatment for severe obesity, delivering significant weight loss and notable improvements in metabolic health and overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Varshney
- Department of Surgery, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur, IND
| | - Mohammed Fajar Al Sadiq
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Kerala, IND
| | - Mankirat Kaur
- Department of Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, IND
| | | | | | - Riya Shailesh Gharat
- Department of Surgery, Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy Group of Hospital, Grant Government Medical College, Mumbai, IND
| | - Kushal G Motwani
- Department of Surgery, Sir Byramjee Jeejeebhoy (BJ) Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, IND
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12
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Xu Q, Hu Z, Zeng M, Su Y, Jiang K, Li S, Li Z, Fu L, Shi Z, Sharma M, Zhao Y. Relationships among Sleep Time, Physical Activity Time, Screen Time, and Nutrition Literacy of Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chongqing, China. Nutrients 2024; 16:1314. [PMID: 38732561 PMCID: PMC11085315 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Unhealthy lifestyles among adolescents are reaching alarming levels and have become a major public health problem. This study aimed to assess the relationship between sleep time, physical activity (PA) time, screen time (ST), and nutritional literacy (NL). Methods: This cross-sectional online study involving adolescents aged 10-18 years was conducted in September 2020 in 239 schools in Chongqing, China. NL was measured using the "Nutrition Literacy Scale for middle school students in Chongqing (CM-NLS)". According to the recommended by the Chinese dietary guidelines (2022), we divided the sleep time of junior high school students into <9 h and ≥9 h, high school students into <8 h and ≥8 h, divided the workdays into weekend PA time < 1 h and ≥1 h, and divided the workdays into weekend ST < 2 h and ≥2 h. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine the association. Results: A total of 18,660 adolescents (50.2% males) were included. The proportion of participants that were junior high school students and attended boarding schools was 57.2% and 65.3%, respectively. Compared with senior high school students, junior high school students had a higher level of NL. Whether on workdays or weekends, participants with sleep time ≥ 8/9 h, PA time ≥ 1 h, and ST < 2 h per day had higher levels of NL. On weekdays, participants who met the sleep time ≥ 8 h/9 h (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.36, 1.62) and PA time ≥ 1 h (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.59, 1.81) had higher reporting of NL levels. Conclusions: Sleep time, PA time, and ST were positively correlated with NL among adolescents, especially junior high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Q.X.); (Z.H.); (K.J.); (Z.L.); (L.F.)
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhichuan Hu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Q.X.); (Z.H.); (K.J.); (Z.L.); (L.F.)
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mao Zeng
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Shuangliu District Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chengdu 610202, China;
| | - Yu Su
- Chongqing Jiulongpo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400080, China;
| | - Ke Jiang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Q.X.); (Z.H.); (K.J.); (Z.L.); (L.F.)
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shengping Li
- Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 400012, China;
| | - Zhourong Li
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Q.X.); (Z.H.); (K.J.); (Z.L.); (L.F.)
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lin Fu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Q.X.); (Z.H.); (K.J.); (Z.L.); (L.F.)
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zumin Shi
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Q.X.); (Z.H.); (K.J.); (Z.L.); (L.F.)
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Heath, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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13
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Kong R, Li S. Effects of childhood obesity on heart failure and its associated risk factors in the European population: A Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1080-1087. [PMID: 38233270 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Observational studies have shown that obesity considerably affects the cardiovascular system. Thus we conducted this Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the causal effect of childhood obesity on heart failure (HF) and its risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS We obtained genetic instruments from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that investigated childhood obesity, HF, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), valvular heart disease, myocarditis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and hyperthyroidism. Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median analysis, MR-Egger, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) were employed for MR analyses. In addition, the leave-one-out sensitivity test, MR-PRESSO global test, and Cochran's Q test were used for sensitivity analyses. Genetic evaluations showed that childhood obesity increases the risk of HF (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.05-1.17, p = 1.26 × 10-4), T2DM (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.12-1.23, p = 8.80 × 10-12), AF (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.05-1.12, p = 2.66 × 10-7), MI (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.04-1.13, p = 3.35 × 10-4), and CAD (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.03-1.13, p = 1.48 × 10-3). We found no association between childhood obesity and CKD, valvular heart disease, myocarditis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or hyperthyroidism. Sensitivity analysis and Bonferroni's correction showed consistent results. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new evidence for the relationship between childhood obesity and HF and its risk factors. The results indicate that individuals with a history of childhood obesity require more clinical attention to prevent the development of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjing Kong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Wu X, Liu Q, Li Y, Yue M, Su Q, Luo J, Li Y, Zeng S, Gao J. Urinary neonicotinoid concentrations and obesity: A cross-sectional study among Chinese adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123516. [PMID: 38346638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological and toxicological studies on neonicotinoids and obesity have been relevant to adults and young children, but data are limited in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association between urinary neonicotinoid concentrations and obesity measures among Chinese adolescent. A total of 524 urine samples from 300 boys (11.3-16.1 years) and 224 girls (12.1-15.8 years) were collected to detect the concentrations of eleven neonicotinoids. Generalized linear regression, weighted quantile sum regression (WQS) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to estimate covariate-adjusted associations between detectable neonicotinoids and ten indicators of obesity. Nitenpyram concentration was associated with increased body mass index z-score (β = 0.170, 95% CI: 0.041, 0.299) and greater odds of being general obesity (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.11, 5.46). N-desmethyl- acetamiprid concentration was associated with an increase in waist-to-height ratio (β = 0.102, 95% CI: 0.029, 0.176) and waist-to-hip ratio (β = 0.083, 95% CI: 0.011, 0.155). The concentrations of clothianidin (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.88) and flonicamid (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.07, 5.32) were associated with greater odds of being abdominal obesity. In contrast, the concentrations of imidacloprid (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.88) and thiacloprid (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.99) were associated with lower odds of being general obesity. The estimates of general obesity and abdominal obesity increased significantly when concentrations of neonicotinoids mixture were at or above the 55th and 65th percentiles, respectively, compared to the 50th percentile concentration. Sex modified the association between nitenpyram and clothianidin and the risk of obesity with a positive association among boys, and a nonsignificant inverse association among girls. The findings suggest that these associations may be mixed and sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qin Liu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yin Li
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Min Yue
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Shapingba Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Qian Su
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jinzhu Luo
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Shaohua Zeng
- China Coal Technology & Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing 400039, PR China
| | - Jieying Gao
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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15
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Eseberri I, Gómez-Maqueo A, Trepiana J, Gómez-López I, Proença C, Cano MP, Portillo MP. In Vitro Screening and Lipid-Lowering Effect of Prickly Pear (Opuntia Ficus-Indica L. Mill.) Fruit Extracts in 3T3-L1 Pre-Adipocytes and Mature Adipocytes. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:143-150. [PMID: 38206481 PMCID: PMC10891207 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica fruits have been widely used due to their nutritional composition and beneficial effects on health, particularly against chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, among others. In recent years, prickly pear peel and pulp extracts have been characterised, and a high number of bioactive compounds have been identified. This study aimed to analyse the triglyceride-lowering effect of prickly pear peel and pulp extracts obtained from fruits of three varieties (Pelota, Sanguinos, and Colorada) in 3T3-L1 maturing and mature adipocytes. At a concentration of 50 µg/mL, peel extracts from Colorada reduced triglyceride accumulation in pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes. Additionally, at 25 µg/mL, Pelota peel extract decreased triglyceride content in mature adipocytes. Moreover, maturing pre-adipocytes treated with 50 and 25 µg/mL of Sanguinos pulp extract showed a reduction of triglyceride accumulation. In addition, the lipid-lowering effect of the main individual betalain and phenolic compounds standards were assayed. Piscidic acid and isorhamnetin glycoside (IG2), found in Colorada peel extract, were identified as the bioactive compounds that could contribute more notably to the triglyceride-lowering effect of the extract. Thus, the betalain and phenolic-rich extracts from Opuntia ficus indica fruits may serve as an effective tool in obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Eseberri
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrea Gómez-Maqueo
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Gómez-López
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Carina Proença
- REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Maria P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Margetaki K, Bempi V, Michalaki E, Roumeliotaki T, Iakovides M, Stephanou E, Kogevinas M, Chatzi L, Vafeiadi M. Prenatal air pollution exposure and childhood obesity: Effect modification by maternal fruits and vegetables intake. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114314. [PMID: 38183793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Prenatal exposure to air pollution is robustly associated with fetal growth restriction but the extent to which it is associated with postnatal growth and the risk of childhood obesity remains unknown. We examined the association of prenatal exposure to air pollution with offspring obesity related measures and evaluated the possible protective effect of maternal fruits and vegetables intake (FV). METHODS We included 633 mother-child pairs from the Rhea pregnancy cohort in Crete, Greece. Fine particles (PM2.5 and PM10) exposure levels during pregnancy were estimated using land-use regression models. We measured weight, height and waist circumference at 4 and 6 years of age, and body composition analysis was performed at 6 years using bioimpedance. Maternal diet was evaluated by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in mid-pregnancy. Adjusted associations were obtained via multivariable regression analyses and multiplicative interaction was used to evaluate the potential modifying role of FV intake. RESULTS Exposure to PMs in utero was not associated with measures of adiposity at 4 or 6 years of age. Associations at 4 years did not differ according to maternal consumption of FV. However, at 6 years, among children whose mothers reported consuming less than 5 servings of FV per day, one SD increase in PM10 during pregnancy was associated with increased BMI (beta 0.41 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.88, p-interaction = 0.037) and increased waist circumference (beta 0.83 cm, 95% CI: -0.38, 2.05, p-interaction = 0.043) and one SD increase in PM2.5 was associated with increased fat mass (beta 0.5 kg, 95% CI: 0.0, 0.99, p-interaction = 0.039) and increased percentage of body fat (beta 1.06%, 95% CI: -0.06, 2.17, p-interaction = 0.035). Similarly, higher prenatal PM2.5 and PM10 exposure was associated with increased risk for obesity and abdominal obesity at 6 years only in the low FV group. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy was not associated with obesity-related measures at 4 and 6 years. However, only among offspring of mothers who consumed inadequate FV, we observed higher obesity-related measures at 6 years. Our results indicate that mothers' diet during pregnancy may play a role in the relationship between air-pollution and childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Margetaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
| | - Vicky Bempi
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Michalaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Minas Iakovides
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Euripides Stephanou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Non-Communicable Diseases Programme, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
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17
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Men X, Han X, Oh G, Im JH, Lim JS, Cho GH, Choi SI, Lee OH. Plant sources, extraction techniques, analytical methods, bioactivity, and bioavailability of sulforaphane: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:539-556. [PMID: 38274178 PMCID: PMC10805900 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate commonly found in cruciferous vegetables. It is formed via the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucoraphanin by myrosinase. SFN exerts various biological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory effects, and is widely used in functional foods and clinical medicine. However, the structure of SFN is unstable and easily degradable, and its production is easily affected by temperature, pH, and enzyme activity, which limit its application. Hence, several studies are investigating its physicochemical properties, stability, and biological activity to identify methods to increase its content. This article provides a comprehensive review of the plant sources, extraction and analysis techniques, in vitro and in vivo biological activities, and bioavailability of SFN. This article highlights the importance and provides a reference for the research and application of SFN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Men
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Xionggao Han
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Oh
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Im
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - June seok Lim
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Geun hee Cho
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Il Choi
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
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18
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Averbuch S, Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Ben Simon A, Interator H, Lopez A, Borger O, Laurian I, Dorfman A, Chorna E, Oren A, Eyal O, Brener A, Lebenthal Y. Muscle-to-fat ratio in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in predicting glycaemic control and partial clinical remission. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3767. [PMID: 38407547 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in treatment could mitigate the expected adverse changes in the body composition of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). OBJECTIVES To examine the evolution of weight status and body composition and their association with glycaemic control and partial clinical remission in youth with T1D. METHODS Ninety-nine participants with T1D (median age 9.5 years [interquartile range 7.3, 12.9], 59.6% boys) were longitudinally followed for 3 years since diagnosis. Data at seven pre-determined time points were extracted from medical files. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI) z-scores, muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) z-scores, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, continuous glucose monitoring metrics, and insulin dose-adjusted HbA1c (IDAA1c) levels. RESULTS The BMI z-scores increased significantly (p < 0.001) for both sexes, with no significant change in MFR z-scores over time. The girls had higher BMI z-scores (p < 0.001) and lower MFR z-scores than the boys (p = 0.016). The mean HbA1c levels decreased during the first month and at 3 months since diagnosis (p < 0.001), then plateaued and achieved a median overall HbA1c of 7.1% for the entire cohort. At 12 months, 37 participants (37.6%) were in partial clinical remission, as evidenced by IDAA1c ≤ 9. The odds of partial clinical remission at 2 years increased by 2.1-fold for each standard deviation increase in the MFR z-score (p < 0.001). Higher MFR z-scores were associated with better metabolic control. CONCLUSIONS Integration of body composition assessments could mitigate adverse body changes in paediatric patients with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Averbuch
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Asaf Ben Simon
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagar Interator
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Nutrition & Dietetics Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adar Lopez
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Nutrition & Dietetics Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ophir Borger
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Nutrition & Dietetics Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irina Laurian
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Nursing Services, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Dorfman
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Nursing Services, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Efrat Chorna
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Social Services, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Asaf Oren
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Eyal
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avivit Brener
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Lebenthal
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Zhang L, Peng H, Wang Y, Ba H. Association of dietary inflammatory index with obesity among children and adolescents in the United States NHANES cohort: a population-based study. Ital J Pediatr 2024; 50:14. [PMID: 38273385 PMCID: PMC10809428 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-024-01586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity has become a huge challenge to childhood health, and there is a lack of understanding about the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and childhood obesity. The main objective of this study was to analyze the potential link between DII and obesity among children and adolescents residing in the United States. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2009 and 2018. In total, 12,454 participants were included in the analysis. DII was calculated based on dietary data from the first day of the 24-hour dietary recall. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between DII and obesity, as well as central obesity defined by the waist-to-height ratio of 0.5 or higher or waist circumference ≥ 90th percentile for age and sex. RESULTS The mean dietary inflammation index was 2.05 (SE = 0.02), with higher levels in children than in adolescents (P = 0.01). According to our findings, the prevalence of central obesity was higher among adolescents (38.0%) than among children (31.4%). The adolescents in the third quartile of DII have a higher risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.24-1.71) after adjusting for age, sex, and race. This positive association remained significant even after physical activity was added to the model. Concerning central obesity, the adolescents in the highest quartile of DII have a higher risk, independent of demographic characteristics and physical activity. However, no significant association was observed among children. CONCLUSIONS The dietary inflammation index was positively associated with overweight/obesity and central obesity among adolescents in the United States after adjusting for confounding factors. These findings highlight the importance of promoting anti-inflammatory diets in adolescents to prevent obesity and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Peng
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongjun Ba
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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20
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Lu Y, Liu Q, Huang C, Tang X, Wei Y, Mo X, Huang S, Lin Y, Luo T, Gou R, Zhang Z, Qin J, Cai J. Association between plasma and dietary trace elements and obesity in a rural Chinese population. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:123-133. [PMID: 37439087 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements may play an important role in obesity. This study aimed to assess the plasma and dietary intake levels of four trace elements, Mn, Cu, Zn and Se in a rural Chinese population, and analyse the relationship between trace elements and obesity. A cross-sectional study involving 2587 participants was conducted. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between trace elements and obesity; restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to assess the dose-response relationship between trace elements and obesity; the weighted quantile sum (WQS) model was used to examine the potential interaction of four plasma trace elements on obesity. Logistic regression analysis showed that plasma Se concentrations in the fourth quartile (Q4) exhibited a lower risk of developing obesity than the first quartile (Q1) (central obesity: OR = 0·634, P = 0·002; general obesity: OR = 0·525, P = 0·005). Plasma Zn concentration in the third quartile (Q3) showed a lower risk of developing obesity in general obesity compared with the first quartile (Q1) (OR = 0·625, P = 0·036). In general obesity, the risk of morbidity was 1·727 and 1·923 times higher for the second and third (Q2, Q3) quartiles of dietary Mn intake than for Q1, respectively. RCS indicated an inverse U-shaped correlation between plasma Se and obesity. WQS revealed the combined effects of four trace elements were negatively associated with central obesity. Plasma Zn and Se were negatively associated with obesity, and dietary Mn was positively associated with obesity. The combined action of the four plasma trace elements had a negative effect on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufu Lu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuwu Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Tang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenxiang Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinxia Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingyu Luo
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, 20 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Gou
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, 20 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, 20 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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21
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Zhao L, Qu H, Ouyang J, Meng Y, Gao Z. Hypertension in non-obese children and BMI in adulthood: the Bogalusa heart study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:20. [PMID: 38172674 PMCID: PMC10765895 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the association between hypertension(HTN) in non-obese children body mass index (BMI) in adulthood. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 1111 participants from the Bogalusa Heart Study was conducted, in which data on hypertension history during childhood in non-obese children, anthropometric and cardiovascular risk factors and other indicators from cross-sectional examinations in adulthood were collected. BMI was used as both a continuous and a categorical variable, and multivariate linear regression modelling and logistic regression modelling were used. RESULTS Of the 1111 participants finally enrolled, 40 (3.60%) had HTN during childhood. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lipid, glucose and insulin levels in childhood, and smoking status, alcohol intake, and disease history as adults, HTN among non-obese children was positively associated with BMI in adulthood (β = 2.64 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.88-4.40, P = 0.0033), and the odds of being overweight or obese was 3.71 times higher in the group with a history of hypertension in childhood than those without a history of HTN(95% CI: 1.11-12.46, P = 0.0337). CONCLUSION Among non-obese children, hypertension is at risk for higher levels of BMI in adulthood. Identifying and controlling blood pressure and childhood may aid in the prevention of adult obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jiahui Ouyang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanyan Meng
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Skantze C, Almqvist-Tangen G, Nyholm M, Karlsson S. Parents' Experiences of Communication With School Nurses About Their Child's Weight Development in Sweden. J Sch Nurs 2023:10598405231221050. [PMID: 38130128 DOI: 10.1177/10598405231221050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe parents' experiences of communication with school nurses concerning the growth data and weight development of their children aged 8 and 10 years old in Sweden. Eighteen interviews with parents were conducted and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The result showed a need for improved dialogue where the parents viewed the health visit's purpose as unclear and lacked feedback. The parents desired access to their child's growth data and described the need for an improved channel for receiving information. The parents moreover experienced the lack of a child-centered perspective, described the child's context as not in focus, and desired collaboration around their child. This study shows the need for the development of evidence-based methods for communicating growth data and weight development between School Health Service (SHS) and parents, as well as the need for a reformed SHS perspective towards parents and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Skantze
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Halland, Sweden
| | - Gerd Almqvist-Tangen
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | - Maria Nyholm
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Halland, Sweden
| | - Staffan Karlsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Halland, Sweden
- Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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23
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Zhang J, Shi C, Liang Z, Jin C, Wang L, Zhong Y, Li Y. Burden of noncommunicable diseases among children and adolescents aged 10-24 years in China, 1990-2019: A population-based study. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101331. [PMID: 38118417 PMCID: PMC10772456 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
China has hundreds of millions of children and adolescents aged 10-24 years, accounting for one-sixth of their total counterparts worldwide. We perform this study to clarify the priority of noncommunicable disease (NCD) control among youth in China via the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. The highest disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from NCDs among youth in China remain in mental disorders, while the most increasing incidence is from diabetes and kidney diseases during 1990-2019. Bullying victimization and high BMI are the top risk factors for DALYs from mental disorders and diabetes mellitus, respectively. The most substantial gender differences are found for alcohol use disorders among the 20-24 age subgroup, which is also the top risk factor for neoplasm DALYs. Targeted interventions for NCDs among youth in China should focus on high body mass, alcohol usage, and bullying victimization, providing crucial information for resource-limited settings across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenyan Shi
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenye Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Department of Pediatric, Shenzhen United Family Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongze Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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24
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Bains A, Sridhar K, Singh BN, Kuhad RC, Chawla P, Sharma M. Valorization of onion peel waste: From trash to treasure. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140178. [PMID: 37714483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Globally, fruits and vegetables are consumed as raw, processed, or as an additive, accounting for approximately 50% of total food wastage. Among the fruits and vegetables, onion is well known for its potential bioactive components; however, peels of onion are a major concern for the environmental health and food industries. Effective utilization methods for valorizing the onion peel should be needed to develop value-added products, which are more eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable. Therefore, this review attempts to emphasize the conventional and emerging valorization techniques for onion peel waste to generate value-added products. Several vital applications including anticancerous, antiobesity, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities are thoroughly discussed. The findings showed that the use of advanced technologies like ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and enzymatic extraction, demonstrated improved extraction efficiency and higher yield of bioactive compounds, which showed the anticancerous, antiobesity, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, in-depth studies are recommended to elucidate the mechanisms of action and potential synergistic effects of the bioactive compounds derived from onion peel waste, and to promote the sustainable utilization of onion peel waste in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, 641021, India
| | - Brahma Nand Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Chander Kuhad
- Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida - 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India; DPG Institute of Management and Technology, Sector-34, Gurugram - 122004, Haryana, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- CARAH ASBL, Rue Paul Pastur, 11, Ath, 7800, Belgium.
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Hong Y, Ullah R, Wang JB, Fu JF. Trends of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents in China. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:1115-1126. [PMID: 36920656 PMCID: PMC10015139 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-023-00709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent decades have shown a rapid increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children based on several national surveys. Restrictions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak have worsened its epidemiology. This review updates the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents and analyzes the underlying reasons to provide evidence for better policy making. METHODS Studies published in English and Chinese were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing for decades and varies with age, sex and geography but is more pronounced in primary school students. The increase in obesity in boys appeared to be slower, whereas that in girls showed a declining trend. The northern areas of China have persistently maintained the highest levels of obesity with a stable trend in recent years. Meanwhile, the prevalence in eastern regions has dramatically increased. Notably, the overall prevalence of obesity in children has shown a stabilizing trend in recent years. However, the occurrence of obesity-related metabolic diseases increased. The effect of migrants floating into east-coast cities should not be neglected. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents persists but with varying patterns. Obesity-related metabolic diseases occur more frequently despite a stable trend of obesity. Multiple factors are responsible for the changing prevalence. Thus, comprehensive and flexible policies are needed to effectively manage and prevent the burden of obesity and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Rahim Ullah
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jian-Bing Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jun-Fen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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Islam MM, Islam MM, Rahman MA, Ripon MAR, Hossain MS. Gut microbiota in obesity and related complications: Unveiling the complex interplay. Life Sci 2023; 334:122211. [PMID: 38084672 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the obesity epidemic has escalated into a serious public health catastrophe that is only getting worse. However, research into the pathophysiological pathways behind the obesity development and the illnesses that it is associated with is ongoing. In the last decades, it is now clear that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in the genesis and progression of obesity and obesity-related illnesses, particularly changes in its metabolites and composition as obesity progresses. Here, we provide a summary of the processes by which variations in gut metabolite levels and the composition of gut microbiota affect obesity and associated disorders. The bacteria residing in the gut release several chemicals that influence the appetite control, metabolism, and other systems. Since it can either encourage or restrict the deposition of fat in several different ways, the gut microbiota's role in obesity is debatable. Additionally, we go over potential therapeutic approaches that could be utilized to alter gut microbiota composition and focus on the important metabolic pathways associated with obesity and metabolic disorders linked to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahmodul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rahman Ripon
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Salim Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
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Foscolou A, Androutsos O, Kosti RI. Addressing a Growing Crisis: Exploring Novel Insights and Solutions in Research on Nutrition and Childhood and Adolescent Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1883. [PMID: 38136085 PMCID: PMC10741571 DOI: 10.3390/children10121883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Given the escalating global prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), it is consequently crucial to address childhood obesity by promoting lifestyle adjustments, as exemplified in the World Health Organization's Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease Interventions for Primary Healthcare [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Foscolou
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece (O.A.)
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece (O.A.)
| | - Rena I. Kosti
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece (O.A.)
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Bektas İ, Gürkan KP. Investigation of the relationships between mindfulness, emotional eating, weight control self-efficacy, and obesity in adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e381-e387. [PMID: 37827859 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This research was conducted to examine the relationships between mindfulness, emotional eating, weight control self-efficacy, and obesity in adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS The research was conducted with 198 adolescents aged 13-18 years in three high schools in the central county of a province in Türkiye. Data were collected using a sociodemographic information form, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-Adolescents, the Emotional Eating Scale for Children and Adolescents, and the Weight-Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire for Adolescents-Short Form. In this study, adolescents' height and weight were measured to determine the effects of the study variables on their body mass indexes (BMIs). RESULTS The variables were analyzed according to BMI. The mean age of the adolescents participating in the research was 15.25 ± 1.01 years; 52% were female, and 85% were ninth-grade high school students. Their mean height was 170.33 ± 8.59 cm, and their mean weight was 62.24 ± 12.84 kg. The adolescents' BMI was found to have a low-level, significant negative correlation with their mindfulness, a low-level, significant positive correlation with their emotional eating, and a low-level significant negative correlation with their weight control self-efficacy. Adolescents' mindfulness, emotional eating, and weight control self-efficacy scores significantly predicted their BMI and explained 14.1% of the variance in their BMI levels. CONCLUSIONS Mindfulness, emotional eating, and weight control self-efficacy in adolescents have a facilitating effect on the management of obesity. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE Multidimensional programs should be developed that take into account the interaction of parents, children, and the environment, which will pave the way for the development of healthy nutrition behaviors and contribute to the prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Bektas
- lzmir Bakırcay University Faculty of Health Science, Seyrek, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Kübra Pınar Gürkan
- lzmir Bakırcay University Faculty of Health Science, Seyrek, Izmir, Turkey
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Chun A, Paik SJ, Park J, Kim R, Park S, Jung SK, Kim SR. Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Yeast-Fermented Cabbage. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1329-1336. [PMID: 37463863 PMCID: PMC10619550 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2302.02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fermentation is often used to improve the functionality of plant-based food materials. Herein, we investigated changes in the physicochemical and functional properties of cabbage during yeast fermentation to develop new products using fermented cabbage. Among the 8 types of food-grade yeast, both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii fermented 10% cabbage powder solution (w/w) the most effectively, leaving no soluble sugars after 12 h of fermentation. In addition, the yeast fermentation of cabbage resulted in functionally positive outcomes in terms of sulforaphane content, antioxidant properties, and anti-inflammatory activity. Specifically, the yeast-fermented cabbages contained about 500% more sulforaphane. The soluble fraction (5 μg/ml) of yeast-fermented cabbage had no cytotoxicity in murine RAW 264.7 cells, and the radical-scavenging capacity was equivalent to 1 μg/ml of ascorbic acid. Moreover, cabbage fermented with S. boulardii significantly suppressed both lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced nitric oxide production and LPS-induced reactive oxygen species production in RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. These results support the idea that yeast fermentation is promising for developing functionally improved cabbage products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahhyeon Chun
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jeong Paik
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbeom Park
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeongeun Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Park
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Rin Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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30
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Aziz C, Morales A, Pinto W, Fanchini V, Dell Aquila L, Sangaleti C, Elias R, Dalboni M. Evaluation of IL-6, FoxP3 Treg lymphocytes, intestinal barrier biomarkers and the use of synbiotics in obese adolescents: a pilot study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1215793. [PMID: 37859769 PMCID: PMC10583575 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1215793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This prospective pilot study evaluated inflammatory and intestinal barrier biomarkers and the effects of a synbiotic in obese adolescents. Methods Eighteen obese and 20 eutrophic adolescents were evaluated for body composition using bioimpedance analysis (BIA), body mass index (BMI), IL-6 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serum levels, CD4 and FoxP3 Treg lymphocytes and monocytes. Synbiotic supplementation for 60 days was also evaluated for these parameters only in obese adolescents. Results We observed an increase in CD4 lymphocyte (18.0 ± 12.4 vs. 8.9 ± 7.5; p < 0.01), IL-6 (0.30 ± 0.06 vs. 0.20 ± 0.06; p = 0.02) and LPS (0.18 ± 0.15 vs. 0.08 ± 0.05; p < 0.01) levels in obese compared to eutrophic adolescents. After synbiotic supplementation, FoxP3 Treg lymphocytes increased (14.0 ± 6.7 vs. 9.9 ± 5.4; p = 0.02) in obese adolescents. Conclusions Obese adolescents presented a state of microinflammation and intestinal barrier breakdown, and synbiotic supplementation increased the expression of FoxP3 Treg lymphocytes, an anti-inflammatory regulator. Whether the increase in FoxP3 Treg lymphocytes may have an impact on inflammation and outcomes in obese adolescents deserves further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cylmara Aziz
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Armando Morales
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walter Pinto
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fanchini
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Dell Aquila
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carine Sangaleti
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Nanosciences and Biosciences, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Elias
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Dalboni
- Department of Postgraduate Studies in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhu Z, Wong SYS, Sung JJY, Lam TYT. Team-Based Approach to Reduce Malignancies in People with Diabetes and Obesity. Curr Diab Rep 2023; 23:253-263. [PMID: 37535293 PMCID: PMC10520129 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-023-01518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Numerous observations have indicated an increased risk of developing various types of cancers, as well as cancer-related mortality, among patients with diabetes and obesity. The purpose of this review is to outline multiple-cancer screening among these patients through a team-based approach and to present the findings of a pioneering integrated care program designed for patients with obesity with a specific emphasis on cancer prevention. RECENT FINDINGS A community-based multi-cancer prevention program, which provides all services in one location and utilizes team-based approaches, is reported to be feasible and has the potential to enhance the uptake rate of multiple cancers screening among patients with diabetes and obesity. The team-based approach is a commonly utilized method for managing patients with diabetes, obesity, and cancer, and has been shown to be efficacious. Nevertheless, research on team-based cancer screening programs for patients with diabetes and obesity remains limited. Providing a comprehensive screening for colorectal, prostate, and breast cancer, as well as metabolic syndrome, during a single clinic visit has been proven effective and well-received by participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhu
- Stanley Ho Big Data Analytic and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph Jao Yiu Sung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas Yuen Tung Lam
- Stanley Ho Big Data Analytic and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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32
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Oranika US, Adeola OL, Egbuchua TO, Okobi OE, Alrowaili DG, Kajero A, Koleowo OM, Okobi E, David AB, Ezeamii JC. The Role of Childhood Obesity in Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e48037. [PMID: 38034219 PMCID: PMC10687489 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a growing concern worldwide, with significant implications for public health. Of particular interest is its association with the early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children. Exploring this relationship and identifying contributing factors may help strengthen understanding of this complex relationship. Factors such as family history, gender, and sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary habits, insulin resistance in adipose tissue have been identified as significant contributors to early-onset type 2 diabetes. The rising prevalence of childhood obesity and its association with diabetes necessitates early interventions to mitigate this concerning trend and ensure a lasting impact on public health. This scoping review aims to investigate the relationship between childhood obesity and early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus while also exploring other contributing factors. We employed a standardized framework for reviews to analyze relevant literature published in English between 2000 and 2021. Only primary research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses addressing the association between childhood obesity and early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) format. Out of the 3614 articles assessed, 17 were ultimately incorporated into this scoping review as they met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the literature primarily represented North American studies, with no inclusion of studies from South America. The findings from these studies have highlighted several factors contributing to type 2 diabetes mellitus development. Most of the studies associated obesity development with hypertension and unfavorable lipid profiles. It is important to acknowledge that these findings are derived from the available literature and may not encompass the entirety of research on childhood obesity and early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the limited regional diversity in the selected studies may restrict the generalizability of these findings to other geographic regions. Additional research involving diverse populations is imperative for a comprehensive understanding of the link between childhood obesity and early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance in adipose tissue among obese individuals contributes to the transition from obesity to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Notably, this transition occurs at approximately half the duration in obese youths compared to obese adults, where it typically takes around a decade. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and diabetes mellitus in high-income, low-income, and middle-income countries necessitate collective efforts to reduce the increasing rates of early-onset type 2 diabetes in children. This scoping review, therefore, seeks to underscore the importance of early interventions with regard to ensuring a lasting impact capable of extending into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thelma O Egbuchua
- Pediatrics and Neonatology, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, NGA
| | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Hialeah, USA
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | | | - Ayokunle Kajero
- Sexual and Reproductive Health/Adolescent Health, Ondo State Primary Health Care Development Agency, Akure, NGA
| | | | - Emeka Okobi
- Dentistry, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, NGA
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van den Berg RJ, Pos JN, Scheffers LE, van den Berg LEM, Helbing WA. Body composition in patients with Fontan physiology: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:4309-4321. [PMID: 37542012 PMCID: PMC10587222 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Fontan circulation is a highly abnormal circulatory state that may affect various organ systems. The effect on body composition is an important factor to assess the condition of the patient. This systematic review assesses body composition and possibly related adverse outcomes in patients with a Fontan circulation, to provide an overview of current insights. Studies evaluating body composition by compartment (either fat mass or lean/muscle mass) in Fontan patients published up to April 2023 were included in this systematic review. Of 1392 potential studies, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, body composition measurements of 774 Fontan patients were included. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (n = 12), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (n = 5), computer tomography (CT) (n = 1), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n = 1). All studies reported a normal body mass index (BMI) in Fontan patients, compared to controls. Five out of nine studies reported significantly higher body fat values, and twelve out of fifteen studies reported significantly lower muscle or lean mass values in the Fontan population compared to the healthy population. Unfavorable body composition in Fontan patients was associated with decreased exercise capacity, worse cardiac function, and adverse outcomes including hospital admissions and death. Conclusions: Despite having a normal BMI, Fontan patients have an increased fat mass and decreased muscle mass or lean mass compared to the healthy population. This unfavorable body composition was associated with various adverse outcomes, including a decreased exercise capacity and worse cardiac function. What is Known: • Patients with a Fontan circulation have a decreased exercise capacity compared to healthy peers, an unfavorable body composition might be a contributor to their impaired exercise capacity. What is New: • Fontan patients are predisposed to an unfavorable body composition, characterized by increased fat mass and decreased muscle mass accompanied by a normal BMI compared to the healthy population. • Among others, unfavorable body composition was associated with decreased exercise capacity, cardiac function, and increased morbidity in patients with a Fontan circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens J van den Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jayanti N Pos
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda E Scheffers
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda E M van den Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem A Helbing
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Brandfon S, Eylon A, Khanna D, Parmar MS. Advances in Anti-obesity Pharmacotherapy: Current Treatments, Emerging Therapies, and Challenges. Cureus 2023; 15:e46623. [PMID: 37937009 PMCID: PMC10626572 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health concern linked to health risks such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), stroke, metabolic syndrome, asthma, and cancer. It is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide caused by an unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity, but genetic or hormonal factors may also contribute. Over a third of adults in the United States are obese. Pharmacological agents have been designed to reduce weight gain caused by excessive calorie intake and low physical activity. They work by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fat or stimulating the secretion of satiety hormones. These drugs include lipase inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. However, the current weight-loss strategies do not effectively treat genetic-related diseases, such as generalized lipodystrophy, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) deficiency. Emerging therapies for these gene mutations have been developed targeting leptin and melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4Rs), restoring the normal function of leptin or melanocortin-4 receptors regulating energy balance and appetite. Leptin analogs and MC4R agonists are novel therapies that target genetic or hormonal causes of obesity. This article provides a comprehensive review of anti-obesity medications (AOMs). In this review, we discuss the clinical trials, efficacy, United States FDA-approved indication, contraindications, and serious side effects of different classes of drugs, including lipase inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists, leptin analogs, and MC4R agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skyler Brandfon
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Adi Eylon
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Deepesh Khanna
- Foundational Sciences, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Mayur S Parmar
- Foundational Sciences, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
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Neyman A, Hannon TS. Low-Carbohydrate Diets in Children and Adolescents With or at Risk for Diabetes. Pediatrics 2023; 152:e2023063755. [PMID: 37718964 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-063755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate restriction is increasingly popular as a weight loss strategy and for achieving better glycemic control in people with diabetes, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, evidence to support low-carbohydrate diets in youth (children and adolescents 2-18 years of age) with obesity or diabetes is limited. There are no guidelines for restricting dietary carbohydrate consumption to reduce risk for diabetes or improve diabetes outcomes in youth. Thus, there is a need to provide practical recommendations for pediatricians regarding the use of low-carbohydrate diets in patients who elect to follow these diets, including those with type 1 diabetes and for patients with obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes. This clinical report will: Provide background on current dietary patterns in youth, describe how moderate-, low-, and very low-carbohydrate diets differ, and review safety concerns associated with the use of these dietary patternsReview the physiologic rationale for carbohydrate reduction in youth with type 1 diabetes and for youth with obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetesReview the evidence for low-carbohydrate diets in the management of youth with type 1 diabetesReview the evidence for low-carbohydrate diets in the management of youth with obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetesProvide practical information for pediatricians counseling families and youth on carbohydrate recommendations for type 1 diabetes and for obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Neyman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Tamara S Hannon
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Kochman M, Brzuszek M, Jabłoński M. Changes in Metabolic Health and Sedentary Behavior in Obese Children and Adolescents. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5456. [PMID: 37685523 PMCID: PMC10487512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming more common among children and adolescents. As in adults, obesity in the pediatric population is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders and diseases. In the related literature, little attention has been devoted to evaluating how metabolic health and sedentary behavior change in the obese pediatric population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess changes in metabolic health and sedentary behavior in obese children aged 7-12 and adolescents aged 13-17. For this single-center hospital-based prospective observational study, we included 202 Polish children and adolescents aged 7-17 years. We performed blood pressure measurements and collected blood samples to assess metabolic health markers. Based on the performed measurements, we also calculated additional indexes and ratios: BMI, WHtR, ABSI, VAI, and HOMA-IR. The analysis of the results showed clear and significant differences between the study groups. The older boys and girls were identified with higher values of anthropometric ratios, blood pressure, time spent sitting, and lower HDL cholesterol values (p < 0.05). The analysis also revealed a strong-to-moderate correlation between age and anthropometric ratios, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and sitting time (p < 0.05). Obese children and adolescents included in this study represent poor metabolic health and are at great risk of developing other metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or metabolic syndrome. This risk increases with age; therefore, a number of preventive and therapeutic actions should be taken in overweight and obese children and adolescents to avoid further metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Kochman
- Physiotherapy Department, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Marszałkowska 24, 35-215 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marta Brzuszek
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mirosław Jabłoński
- Chair of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Barrón-Cabrera E, Soria-Rodríguez R, Amador-Lara F, Martínez-López E. Physical Activity Protocols in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Management: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials and Animal Models. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1992. [PMID: 37510432 PMCID: PMC10379178 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11141992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with other metabolic disease and cardiovascular disease. Regular exercise reduces hepatic fat content and could be the first-line treatment in the management of NAFLD. This review aims to summarize the current evidence of the beneficial effects of exercise training and identify the molecular pathways involved in the response to exercise to define their role in the resolution of NAFLD both in animal and human studies. According to the inclusion criteria, 43 animal studies and 14 RCTs were included in this systematic review. Several exercise modalities were demonstrated to have a positive effect on liver function. Physical activity showed a strong association with improvement in inflammation, and reduction in steatohepatitis and fibrosis in experimental models. Furthermore, both aerobic and resistance exercise in human studies were demonstrated to reduce liver fat, and to improve insulin resistance and blood lipids, regardless of weight loss, although aerobic exercises may be more effective. Resistance exercise is more feasible for patients with NAFLD with poor cardiorespiratory fitness. More effort and awareness should be dedicated to encouraging NAFLD patients to adopt an active lifestyle and benefit from it its effects in order to reduce this growing public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Barrón-Cabrera
- Faculty of Nutrition and Gastronomy Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80010, Mexico
| | - Raúl Soria-Rodríguez
- Program in Physical Activity and Lifestyle, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Fernando Amador-Lara
- Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Department of Molecular and Genomic Biology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
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India Aldana S, Valvi D, Joshi A, Lucchini RG, Placidi D, Petrick L, Horton M, Niedzwiecki M, Colicino E. Salivary Metabolomic Signatures and Body Mass Index in Italian Adolescents: A Pilot Study. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad091. [PMID: 37457847 PMCID: PMC10341611 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Obesity surveillance is scarce in adolescents, and little is known on whether salivary metabolomics data, emerging minimally invasive biomarkers, can characterize metabolic patterns associated with overweight or obesity in adolescents. Objective This pilot study aims to identify the salivary molecular signatures associated with body mass index (BMI) in Italian adolescents. Methods Saliva samples and BMI were collected in a subset of n = 74 young adolescents enrolled in the Public Health Impact of Metal Exposure study (2007-2014). A total of 217 untargeted metabolites were identified using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Robust linear regression was used to cross-sectionally determine associations between metabolomic signatures and sex-specific BMI-for-age z-scores (z-BMI). Results Nearly 35% of the adolescents (median age: 12 years; 51% females) were either obese or overweight. A higher z-BMI was observed in males compared to females (P = .02). One nucleoside (deoxyadenosine) and 2 lipids (18:0-18:2 phosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoyl-phosphoethanolamine) were negatively related to z-BMI (P < .05), whereas 2 benzenoids (3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and a phthalate metabolite) were positively associated with z-BMI (P < .05). In males, several metabolites including deoxyadenosine, as well as deoxycarnitine, hyodeoxycholic acid, N-methylglutamic acid, bisphenol P, and trigonelline were downregulated, while 3 metabolites (3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, theobromine/theophylline/paraxanthine, and alanine) were upregulated in relation to z-BMI (P < .05). In females, deoxyadenosine and dipalmitoyl-phosphoethanolamine were negatively associated with z-BMI while deoxycarnitine and a phthalate metabolite were positively associated (P < .05). A single energy-related pathway was enriched in the identified associations in females (carnitine synthesis, P = .04). Conclusion Salivary metabolites involved in nucleotide, lipid, and energy metabolism were primarily altered in relation to BMI in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra India Aldana
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Anu Joshi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Lauren Petrick
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Megan Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Megan Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Chiu YH, Tsai SC, Lin CS, Wang LY, Huang KC. Effects of a 12-week walking intervention on circulating lipid profiles and adipokines in normal weight and abdominal obese female college students. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:253-259. [PMID: 37180765 PMCID: PMC10173777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Regular exercise such as aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of some diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, only few studies have investigated the impact of regular aerobic exercise on non-obese and overweight/obese persons. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effect of a 12-week 10,000 steps a day walking intervention on the body composition, serum lipids, adipose tissue function, and obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk between normal weight and overweight/obese female college students. Methods Ten normal weight (NWCG) and 10 overweight/obese (AOG) individuals were recruited in this study. Both groups performed a regular 10,000 steps a day walk for 12 weeks. Their blood pressure, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and blood lipid profiles were evaluated. Moreover, serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Our results revealed that triglyceride (TG), TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and leptin were significantly reduced in the AOG group after the 12-week walking intervention. However, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and adiponectin/leptin ratio were significantly increased in the AOG group. There was little or no change in these variables in the NWCG group after the 12-week walking intervention. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that a 12-week walking intervention may help improve cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk by decrease resting heart rate, modulating blood lipid profiles, and inducing adipokine alterations in obese individuals. Therefore, our research encourages obese young adults to improve their physical health by participating in a 12-week walking program of 10,000 steps a day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei, 111, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Chwen Tsai
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, 111, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Si Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 111, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- Holistic Education Center, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Holistic Education Center, MacKay Medical College, 25245, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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40
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Aizawa M, Murakami K, Yonezawa Y, Takahashi I, Onuma T, Noda A, Ueno F, Matsuzaki F, Ishikuro M, Obara T, Kuriyama S. Associations between sugar-sweetened beverages before and during pregnancy and offspring overweight/obesity in Japanese women: the TMM BirThree Cohort Study. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1222-1229. [PMID: 36754389 PMCID: PMC10346008 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between high sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) intake during pregnancy and offspring overweight/obesity has been reported only from Western countries. The objective of this study was to examine the association between SSB intake before and during pregnancy and offspring overweight/obesity among Japanese women. DESIGN Japanese prospective birth cohort study. SETTING We analysed mother-offspring pairs who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study from 2013 to 2017. SSB intake during pregnancy was evaluated using the FFQ and classified into three groups: none (0 g/d), medium (<195 g/d) and high (>195 g/d). Overweight or obesity at 1 year of age in offspring was defined as having a BMI Z-score greater than 2 sd, calculated based on the BMI reference data for Japanese children. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between SSB intake before and during pregnancy and offspring overweight/obesity, after adjusting for covariates. PARTICIPANTS Japanese mother-offspring pairs (n 7114). RESULTS The overweight/obesity rate of the offspring was 8·8 %. Pregnant women with a high intake of SSB in early to mid-pregnancy had a higher risk of overweight/obesity in their offspring compared with those who did not; the OR was 1·52 (95 % CI (1·09, 2·12)). CONCLUSIONS High SSB intake in early to mid-pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 1 year of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Aizawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiko Murakami
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
| | - Yudai Yonezawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Innovation Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Nasushiobara-Shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ippei Takahashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomomi Onuma
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
| | - Aoi Noda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
| | - Fumiko Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
| | - Mami Ishikuro
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
| | - Taku Obara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8573, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Richer LP, Tan Q, Butler MG, Avedzi HM, DeLorey DS, Peng Y, Tun HM, Sharma AM, Ainsley S, Orsso CE, Triador L, Freemark M, Haqq AM. Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction in Childhood Obesity and Prader-Willi Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098013. [PMID: 37175718 PMCID: PMC10179129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) may play a role in the distribution of body fat and the development of obesity and its complications. Features of individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) impacted by PWS molecular genetic classes suggest alterations in ANS function; however, these have been rarely studied and presented with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate if the ANS function is altered in PWS. In this case-control study, we assessed ANS function in 20 subjects with PWS (6 males/14 females; median age 10.5 years) and 27 body mass index (BMI) z-score-matched controls (19 males/8 females; median age 12.8 years). Standardized non-invasive measures of cardiac baroreflex function, heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability, quantitative sudomotor axon reflex tests, and a symptom questionnaire were completed. The increase in heart rate in response to head-up tilt testing was blunted (p < 0.01) in PWS compared to controls. Besides a lower heart rate ratio with Valsalva in PWS (p < 0.01), no significant differences were observed in other measures of cardiac function or sweat production. Findings suggest possible altered sympathetic function in PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence P Richer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Qiming Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Merlin G Butler
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Hayford M Avedzi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Darren S DeLorey
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Ye Peng
- JC School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- JC School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Arya M Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Steven Ainsley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Camila E Orsso
- Department of Agricultural Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Lucila Triador
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Michael Freemark
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Andrea M Haqq
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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Berardo C, Calcaterra V, Mauri A, Carelli S, Messa L, Destro F, Rey F, Cordaro E, Pelizzo G, Zuccotti G, Cereda C. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Transcriptome Highlights Specific Expression Profiles in Severe Pediatric Obesity: A Pilot Study. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081105. [PMID: 37190014 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of pediatric obesity is rising rapidly worldwide, and "omic" approaches are helpful in investigating the molecular pathophysiology of obesity. This work aims to identify transcriptional differences in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) of children with overweight (OW), obesity (OB), or severe obesity (SV) compared with those of normal weight (NW). Periumbilical scAT biopsies were collected from 20 male children aged 1-12 years. The children were stratified into the following four groups according to their BMI z-scores: SV, OB, OW, and NW. scAT RNA-Seq analyses were performed, and a differential expression analysis was conducted using the DESeq2 R package. A pathways analysis was performed to gain biological insights into gene expression. Our data highlight the significant deregulation in both coding and non-coding transcripts in the SV group when compared with the NW, OW, and OB groups. A KEGG pathway analysis showed that coding transcripts were mainly involved in lipid metabolism. A GSEA analysis revealed the upregulation of lipid degradation and metabolism in SV vs. OB and SV vs. OW. Bioenergetic processes and the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids were upregulated in SV compared with OB, OW, and NW. In conclusion, we report for the first time that a significant transcriptional deregulation occurs in the periumbilical scAT of children with severe obesity compared with those of normal weight or those with overweight or mild obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Berardo
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mauri
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Stephana Carelli
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Messa
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Destro
- Surgery Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Rey
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Cordaro
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gloria Pelizzo
- Surgery Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
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Hegazy HA, Abo-ElMatty DM, Farid O, Saleh S, Ghattas MH, Omar NN. Nano-melatonin and-histidine modulate adipokines and neurotransmitters to improve cognition in HFD-fed rats: A formula to study. Biochimie 2023; 207:137-152. [PMID: 36351496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The established correlation between obesity and cognitive impairment portrays pharmacological products aimed at both disorders as an important therapeutic advance. Modulation of dysregulated adipokines and neurotransmitters is hence a critical aspect of the assessment of in-use drugs. At the cellular level, repairments in brain barrier integrity and cognitive flexibility are the main checkpoints. The aim of this study was to investigate whether melatonin and histidine, alone or in combination, could produce weight loss, meanwhile improve the cognitive processes. In this study, obese rat model was established by feeding high fat diet (HFD) composed of 25% fats (soybean oil) for 8 weeks, accompanied by melatonin (10 mg/kg), histidine (780 mg/kg), and combination of both in conventional form and nanoform. At the end of the study, adiposity hormones, neuronal monoamines and amino acids, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) were assessed. HFD feeding resulted in significant weight gain and poor performance on cognitive test. Coadministration of histidine in the nanoform increased the level of ZO-1; an indicator of improving the brain barrier integrity, along with adjusting the adipokines and neurotransmitters levels, which had a positive impact on learning tasks. Cotreatment with melatonin resulted in an increase in the level of BDNF, marking ameliorated synaptic anomalies and learning disabilities, while reducing weight gain. On the other hand, the combination of melatonin and histidine reinstated the synaptic plasticity as well as brain barrier junctions, as demonstrated by increased levels of BDNF and ZO-1, positively affecting weight loss and the intellectual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Ahmed Hegazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dina M Abo-ElMatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Omar Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control & Research, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Sami Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Maivel H Ghattas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.
| | - Nesreen Nabil Omar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yang J, Liang C, Liu L, Wang L, Yu G. High-Fat Diet Related Lung Fibrosis-Epigenetic Regulation Matters. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030558. [PMID: 36979493 PMCID: PMC10046645 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by the destruction of the pulmonary parenchyma caused by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Despite the well-known etiological factors such as senescence, aberrant epithelial cell and fibroblast activation, and chronic inflammation, PF has recently been recognized as a metabolic disease and abnormal lipid signature was observed both in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of PF patients and mice PF model. Clinically, observational studies suggest a significant link between high-fat diet (HFD) and PF as manifested by high intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and meat increases the risk of PF and mice lung fibrosis. However, the possible mechanisms between HFD and PF remain unclear. In the current review we emphasize the diversity effects of the epigenetic dysregulation induced by HFD on the fibrotic factors such as epithelial cell injury, abnormal fibroblast activation and chronic inflammation. Finally, we discuss the potential ways for patients to improve their conditions and emphasize the prospect of targeted therapy based on epigenetic regulation for scientific researchers or drug developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chenxi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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45
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Shi K, Huang S, Li X, Xu HY, Yang MX, Li Y, Guo YK, Yang ZG. Effect of Obesity on Left Ventricular Remodeling and Clinical Outcome in Chinese Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Assessed by Cardiac MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 57:800-809. [PMID: 35715897 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is highly prevalent in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and believed to influence its phenotype. PURPOSE To explore the effects of obesity on left ventricular (LV) remodeling and long-term clinical course in Chinese patients with HCM. STUDY TYPE Longitudinal. POPULATION A total of 247 patients with HCM classified according to body mass index (BMI) (normal weight: BMI = 18.0-22.9 kg/m2 [N = 90]; overweight: BMI = 23.0-24.9 kg/m2 [N = 58]; and obese: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 [N = 99]). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T/Balanced steady-state free precession sequence and phase-sensitive inversion recovery late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequence. ASSESSMENT LV function and geometry were measured. LV peak strain analysis was performed. The presence and percentage of LGE in the LV were recorded. The endpoints including heart failure, sudden cardiac death, and overall composite outcome were assessed during a median follow-up of 4.1 years (interquartile range, 3.0-6.2 years). STATISTICAL TESTS One-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, or chi-square test; Pearson correlation coefficient (r); multivariable linear regression analysis; Kaplan-Meier survival analysis; and Cox proportional hazards model analysis were conducted. A two-tailed P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Obese patients exhibited a significant progressive increase in LV mass compared with normal-weight patients. The magnitude of all LV strain indices gradually and significantly decreased as BMI increased, whereas LV ejection fraction was not significantly different among BMI groups (P = 0.364). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that obesity had a significant association with impaired strain indices as well as with indexed LV mass. Multivariable Cox model analysis retained obesity as an independent marker for future endpoints, and conveyed a > 3-fold increase in risk compared with patients with normal weight (hazard ratio, 3.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-6.57). DATA CONCLUSION Obesity is an important environmental modifier that is associated with adverse LV remodeling and is independently associated with future clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with HCM. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua-Yan Xu
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng-Xi Yang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Radiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying-Kun Guo
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Costa JP, Magalhães V, Araújo J, Ramos E. A lower energy intake contributes to a better cardiometabolic profile in adolescence: Data from the EPITeen cohort. Nutr Res 2023; 111:14-23. [PMID: 36791661 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction has been associated with improved cardiometabolic health. Available data in humans are commonly based on short follow-up periods, specific diets, or population groups. We hypothesized that participants of a population-based cohort (Epidemiological Health Investigation of Teenagers in Porto) with a dietary pattern characterized by a lower energy intake during adolescence have a better cardiometabolic profile in adolescence and young adulthood than other dietary patterns. At aged 13 and 21 year evaluations, diet, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic measures were assessed. Diet was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire and, at 13 years, summarized in dietary patterns identified by cluster analysis. The lower intake dietary pattern included 40% of the participants. The energy intake misreport was estimated using the Goldberg method. Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were used to compare cardiometabolic risk factors according to dietary patterns. The mean energy intake was 2394 and 2242 Kcal/d for the total sample at aged 13 years (n = 962) and 21 years (n = 862), respectively. Those belonging to the lower intake dietary pattern showed a 25% and 5% lower energy intake, respectively. In the cross-sectional analysis at aged 13, adolescents belonging to the lower intake dietary pattern presented lower glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and blood pressure values after adjusting for body mass index and parents' education level. Among the plausible reporters, differences were only statistically significant for glucose and systolic blood pressure. Our data support that a dietary pattern characterized by a lower energy intake may contribute to a better cardiometabolic profile in adolescents. However, no significant effect was found in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pinto Costa
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vânia Magalhães
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Araújo
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ramos
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
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Raksha N, Halenova T, Vovk T, Kostyuk O, Synelnyk T, Andriichuk T, Maievska T, Savchuk O, Ostapchenko L. Anti-obesity effect of collagen peptides obtained from Diplulmaris antarctica, a jellyfish of the Antarctic region. Croat Med J 2023; 64. [PMID: 36864815 PMCID: PMC10028559 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2023.64.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the ability of collagen peptides derived from a jellyfish of the Antarctic region (Diplulmaris antarctica) to prevent the development of obesity in rats fed a high-calorie diet. METHODS Collagen peptides were produced by pepsin hydrolysis of jellyfish-derived collagen. The purity of collagen and collagen peptides was confirmed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Rats were fed a high-calorie diet for ten weeks and were simultaneously orally administered collagen peptides (1 g per 1 kg of body weight every other day) starting from the fourth week. Body mass index (BMI), body weight gain, selected nutritional parameters, the key parameters associated with insulin resistance, and the level of oxidative stress markers were assessed. RESULTS Compared with untreated obese rats, rats treated with hydrolyzed jellyfish collagen peptides had a decreased body weight gain and body mass index. They also had a decreased level of fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, lipid peroxidation products (conjugated dienes, Schiff bases), and oxidatively modified proteins, as well as a restored activity of superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSION Collagen peptides obtained from Diplulmaris antarctica can be used to prevent and treat obesity caused by a high-calorie diet and pathologies associated with increased oxidative stress. Given the obtained results and the abundance of Diplulmaris antarctica in the Antarctic region, this species can be considered a sustainable source of collagen and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Raksha
- Nataliia Raksha, Volodymyrska Street 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine,
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48
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Raksha N, Halenova T, Vovk T, Kostyuk O, Synelnyk T, Andriichuk T, Maievska T, Savchuk O, Ostapchenko L. Anti-obesity effect of collagen peptides obtained from Diplulmaris antarctica, a jellyfish of the Antarctic region. Croat Med J 2023; 64:21-28. [PMID: 36864815 PMCID: PMC10028559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the ability of collagen peptides derived from a jellyfish of the Antarctic region (Diplulmaris antarctica) to prevent the development of obesity in rats fed a high-calorie diet. METHODS Collagen peptides were produced by pepsin hydrolysis of jellyfish-derived collagen. The purity of collagen and collagen peptides was confirmed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Rats were fed a high-calorie diet for ten weeks and were simultaneously orally administered collagen peptides (1 g per 1 kg of body weight every other day) starting from the fourth week. Body mass index (BMI), body weight gain, selected nutritional parameters, the key parameters associated with insulin resistance, and the level of oxidative stress markers were assessed. RESULTS Compared with untreated obese rats, rats treated with hydrolyzed jellyfish collagen peptides had a decreased body weight gain and body mass index. They also had a decreased level of fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, lipid peroxidation products (conjugated dienes, Schiff bases), and oxidatively modified proteins, as well as a restored activity of superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSION Collagen peptides obtained from Diplulmaris antarctica can be used to prevent and treat obesity caused by a high-calorie diet and pathologies associated with increased oxidative stress. Given the obtained results and the abundance of Diplulmaris antarctica in the Antarctic region, this species can be considered a sustainable source of collagen and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Raksha
- Nataliia Raksha, Volodymyrska Street 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine,
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Safatle-Ribeiro AV, Jr UR. Is gastric cancer after bariatric surgery on the rise? Will history repeat itself? Chin J Cancer Res 2023; 35:11-14. [PMID: 36910856 PMCID: PMC9993001 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2023.01.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Vaz Safatle-Ribeiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, (ICESP-HCFMUSP) São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Ulysses Ribeiro Jr
- Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, (ICESP-HCFMUSP) São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
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50
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Zeng F, Zhang L, Deng F, Lou S. Early-life exposure to di (2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate: Role in children with endocrine disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1115229. [PMID: 36846588 PMCID: PMC9950113 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1115229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Di (2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has widespread concern due to its serious health hazards. Exposure to DEHP in the early stage of life affects fetal metabolic and endocrine function, which even would cause genetic lesions. To date, it is widely believed that the increasing incidence of childhood obesity and diabetes in adolescents is related to the impact of DEHP on glucose and lipid homeostasis in children. However, there remains a knowledge gap to recognize these adverse effects. Thus, in this review, besides the exposure routes and levels of DEHP, we further outline the effects of early-life exposure to DEHP on children and potential mechanisms, focusing on the aspect of metabolic and endocrine homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Zeng
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luodan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Fang Deng, ; Shuiping Lou,
| | - Shuiping Lou
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Fang Deng, ; Shuiping Lou,
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