1
|
Wei S, Xiao D, Li Y, Bian C. Nitrate Sensor with a Wide Detection Range and High Stability Based on a Cu-Modified Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:487. [PMID: 38675298 PMCID: PMC11051931 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes an electrochemical sensor based on a Cu-modified boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode for the detection of nitrate-contaminated water. The sensor utilizes the catalytic effect of copper on nitrate and the stability of the BDD electrode. By optimizing the electrolyte system, the linear detection range was expanded, allowing the sensor to detect highly concentrated nitrate samples up to 100 mg/L with a low detection limit of 0.065 mg/L. Additionally, the stability of the sensor was improved. The relative standard deviation of the current responses during 25 consecutive tests was only 1.03%. The wide detection range and high stability of the sensor makes it suitable for field applications and the on-site monitoring of nitrate-contaminated waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (S.W.); (D.X.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Danlin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (S.W.); (D.X.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (S.W.); (D.X.)
| | - Chao Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (S.W.); (D.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hadi M, Bashardoust P, Solaimany Aminabad M, Nazmara S, Rezvani Ghalhari M, Mesdaghinia A, Hemmati Borji S. Exposure assessment of nitrate and phenol derivatives in Tehran's water distribution system. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2024; 22:147-168. [PMID: 38295078 PMCID: wh_2023_133 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in drinking water is a global concern. Nitrate and phenol derivatives are examples of pollutants that could be of anthropogenic origin. They are associated with numerous health risks, underscoring the importance of monitoring their presence in drinking water. This study aimed to measure nitrate and phenol derivatives, including 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), Pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), 2-Chlorophenol (2-CP), 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP), and phenol, in Tehran's water distribution system (WDS). The pollutants in Tehran's WDS were significantly and positively correlated with precipitation. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) and the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of the detected pollutants were estimated. The results showed that the regional mean of nitrate and PCP in Tehran's WDS were 35.58±8.71mg L-1 and 76.14±16.93 ng L-1 lower than the guideline values of 50 mg L-1 and 1000 ng L-1, respectively. Some districts exhibited nitrate concentration exceeding the allowable limit by a factor of 1.2 to 2.3. Consequently, the nitrate intake in some districts constituted approximately 50% of the reference dose. While PCP as a phenol derivative with more health concerns was identified in Tehran's WDS, the likelihood of its health effects was determined to be negligible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hadi
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail: ;
| | - Parnia Bashardoust
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Solaimany Aminabad
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rezvani Ghalhari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghinia
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Hemmati Borji
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gomes-Silva AP, Cunha de Medeiros PD, Silva LN, Da Silva Araújo Santiago M, Perobelli JE. Exposure to manganese during sertoli cell formation and proliferation disturbs early testicular development in rats. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108447. [PMID: 37499885 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is a metal and important micronutrient. However, exposure to supraphysiological levels of Mn, which occur through fungicides, atmospheric emissions, drainages, and spills, has been related to health risks, including morphometric changes in the male reproductive organs and impairment on gametogenesis and sperm quality, impacting the fertile ability of adult animals. Despite the relevance of the fetal/perinatal period for toxicological studies on Mn, previous data only deal with the physical and neurological development of the offspring, without mentioning their reproductive development. The present study investigated whether exposure to Mn during fetal/perinatal phase, specifically during the period of formation and proliferation of Sertoli cells, impairs the reproductive development of male offspring in early postnatal life. Therefore, pregnant Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 3 experimental groups: Ctl (received saline solution), Mn-9 (received 9 mg/kg of MnCl2), and Mn-90 (received 90 mg/kg of MnCl2). The female rats received the experimental treatment by gavage from gestational day 13 to lactational day 15, i.e., postnatal day (PND) 15 of the pups. Oxidative damage to the genetic material of germ and Sertoli cells, together with a decrease in connexin 43 immunolabeling were observed in the testis of male pups evaluated at PND 15. In addition, an increase in the seminiferous tubules presenting slight epithelium vacuolization and cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm were observed, without apparent epididymal changes. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that Mn perturbed the initial testicular development by altering Sertoli cell integrity through oxidative insult, which may compromise the spermatogenesis in the long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Priscila Gomes-Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paloma da Cunha de Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Nogueira Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcella Da Silva Araújo Santiago
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Elaine Perobelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alshehri RF, Amin AS, Darwish ER. Ultrasensitive and highly selective detection of nickel ion by two novel optical sensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5695-5707. [PMID: 37493813 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Novel optical sensors for nickel determination by incorporation of 5-(2`-bromo-phenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (I), 5-(2`,4`-dimethylphenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (II), dibutylphthalate (DBP) and sodium tetra-phenylborate (Na-TPB) to the plasticized polyvinyl chloride matrices were prepared. The introduction of DBP in the membrane substantially increased the ability of both ionophores I and II to function as chromo ionophores. The advantages of the reported sensors include great stability, reproducibility, and relatively long lifespan, as well as excellent selectivity for Ni2+ ion detection across a wide range of alkali, alkaline earth, transition, and heavy metal ions.Under optimized membrane compositions and experimental parameters, the response of both sensors was linear throughout a concentration range of 3.5 × 10-8 to 8.1 × 10-5 and 2.0 × 10-8 to 5.1 × 10-5 M for I and II, respectively. Sensor detection and quantification limits based on the definition that the concentration of the sample leads to a signal equal to the blank signal plus three and ten times its standard deviation were determined to be 1.15 × 10-8 and 3.45 × 10-8 M when utilizing I, whereas they were 0.61 × 10-8 and 1.95 × 10-8 M when utilizing II, respectively. The reaction time of optodes is defined as the period required achieving 95% of based sensors and found to be 8.0 and 5.0 min using I and II, respectively. Ni2+ ion concentrations in water, food, and environmental samples were effectively determined using the proposed optical sensors. Representative diagram for preparation of the sensing Ni2+ sensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem F Alshehri
- Chemistry Department, College of Science & Arts, Taibah University, Madina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa S Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
| | - Eman R Darwish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rahman MF, Ali MA, Chowdhury AIA, Ravenscroft P. Manganese in Groundwater in South Asia Needs Attention. ACS ES&T WATER 2023; 3:1425-1428. [PMID: 37324532 PMCID: PMC10262691 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Feisal Rahman
- Department
of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf Ali
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University
of Engineering and Technology, Ramna, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed I. A. Chowdhury
- Institute
of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh
University of Engineering and Technology, Ramna, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Davies TC. Current status of research and gaps in knowledge of geophagic practices in Africa. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1084589. [PMID: 36890865 PMCID: PMC9987423 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1084589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This article synthesises current knowledge and identifies research gaps on the still intriguing aspects of the subject of geophagy as practised in Africa. Despite the voluminous research literature that exists on the subject, geophagy in Africa is still a largely misunderstood phenomenon. Although the practice is not confined to any particular age group, race, gender, or geographical region, in Africa it is most commonly recorded among pregnant women and children. Till now, the precise aetiology of geophagy remains obscure; but the practice is thought to have both beneficial effects such as having a role as a nutrient supplement, as well as several demerits. An updated critical review of human geophagy in Africa - with a section on (other) animal geophagy -, highlights several aspects of the practice that need further research. A comprehensive bibliography is assembled, comprising some of the more pertinent and recently published papers (mostly post-dating the year 2005), as well as older seminal works, providing a baseline and robust framework for aiding the search process of Medical Geology researchers and those from allied fields wanting to explore the still poorly understood aspects of geophagy in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theophilus C. Davies
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bradley PM, Romanok KM, Smalling KL, Focazio MJ, Charboneau R, George CM, Navas-Acien A, O’Leary M, Red Cloud R, Zacher T, Breitmeyer SE, Cardon MC, Cuny CK, Ducheneaux G, Enright K, Evans N, Gray JL, Harvey DE, Hladik ML, Kanagy LK, Loftin KA, McCleskey RB, Medlock-Kakaley EK, Meppelink SM, Valder JF, Weis CP. Tapwater Exposures, Effects Potential, and Residential Risk Management in Northern Plains Nations. ACS ES&T WATER 2022; 2:1772-1788. [PMID: 36277121 PMCID: PMC9578051 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.2c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In the United States (US), private-supply tapwater (TW) is rarely monitored. This data gap undermines individual/community risk-management decision-making, leading to an increased probability of unrecognized contaminant exposures in rural and remote locations that rely on private wells. We assessed point-of-use (POU) TW in three northern plains Tribal Nations, where ongoing TW arsenic (As) interventions include expansion of small community water systems and POU adsorptive-media treatment for Strong Heart Water Study participants. Samples from 34 private-well and 22 public-supply sites were analyzed for 476 organics, 34 inorganics, and 3 in vitro bioactivities. 63 organics and 30 inorganics were detected. Arsenic, uranium (U), and lead (Pb) were detected in 54%, 43%, and 20% of samples, respectively. Concentrations equivalent to public-supply maximum contaminant level(s) (MCL) were exceeded only in untreated private-well samples (As 47%, U 3%). Precautionary health-based screening levels were exceeded frequently, due to inorganics in private supplies and chlorine-based disinfection byproducts in public supplies. The results indicate that simultaneous exposures to co-occurring TW contaminants are common, warranting consideration of expanded source, point-of-entry, or POU treatment(s). This study illustrates the importance of increased monitoring of private-well TW, employing a broad, environmentally informative analytical scope, to reduce the risks of unrecognized contaminant exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Bradley
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Columbia, South Carolina 29210, United States
| | | | - Kelly L. Smalling
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Lawrenceville, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | | | - Robert Charboneau
- Spirit
Lake Tribe Office of Environmental Health, Fort Totten, North Dakota 58335, United States
| | - Christine Marie George
- Johns
Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Columbia
University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Marcia O’Leary
- Missouri
Breaks Industries Research Inc., Eagle Butte, South Dakota 57625, United States
| | - Reno Red Cloud
- Oglala
Sioux Tribe Natural Resources Regulatory Agency, Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770, United States
| | - Tracy Zacher
- Missouri
Breaks Industries Research Inc., Eagle Butte, South Dakota 57625, United States
| | | | - Mary C. Cardon
- U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Christa K. Cuny
- Missouri
Breaks Industries Research Inc., Eagle Butte, South Dakota 57625, United States
| | - Guthrie Ducheneaux
- Missouri
Breaks Industries Research Inc., Eagle Butte, South Dakota 57625, United States
| | - Kendra Enright
- Missouri
Breaks Industries Research Inc., Eagle Butte, South Dakota 57625, United States
| | - Nicola Evans
- U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - James L. Gray
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Lakewood, Colorado 80228-3742, United States
| | - David E. Harvey
- Indian Health Service/HHS, Rockville, Maryland 20857, United States
| | | | - Leslie K. Kanagy
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Lakewood, Colorado 80228-3742, United States
| | - Keith A. Loftin
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, United States
| | | | | | | | - Joshua F. Valder
- U.S. Geological
Survey, Rapid City, South Dakota 57702, United States
| | - Christopher P. Weis
- National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou Z, Zhou Y, Liang X, Luo J, Liu S, Ma J. Design and fabrication of a sensitive electrochemical sensor for uranyl ion monitoring in natural waters based on poly (brilliant cresyl blue). Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:412. [PMID: 36216990 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New insights are proposed into enhancing detection of uranyl ions (UO22+) by electropolymerization brilliant cresyl blue-modified glassy carbon electrode (PBCB/GCE). The mercury-free PBCB/GCE sensor was applied to determine UO22+ in water samples by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV). The unique combination of the PBCB/GCE and DPAdSV significantly improves sensitivity due to the polymer of high electroactive area and fast electron transfer rate. The DPAdSV current using a 3 mm diameter PBCB/GCE was proportional to the UO22+ concentration in the range 2.0-90.0 μg·L-1 (- 0.113 V vs. SCE) with a detection limit of 0.650 μg·L-1, RSD = 3.1% (n = 10), and 4.5% reproducibility. In addition, the sensitivity for UO22+ determination was further improved at using an 1 mm diameter PBCB/GCE, which enhances the efficiency of UO22+ deposition due to its higher current density. The 1 mm diameter PBCB/GCE based on DPAdSV technique could be used to determine uranyl ions in the concentration range 0.20-2.0 μg·L-1 (- 0.113 V vs. SCE) with a detection limit of 0.067 μg·L-1, RSD = 5.7 % (n = 10) and 5.4% reproducibility. Hence, the PBCB/GCE is a suitable candidate to substitute the mercury electrode. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Zhou
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xizhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Djurić M, Levstek L, Oprčkal P, Mladenovič A, Pranjić AM, Ščančar J, Milačič R. Simultaneous speciation of chromate, molybdate and arsenate in lysimetric water from geotechnical composites installed in field lysimeters. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15186. [PMID: 36071144 PMCID: PMC9452492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) was used for simultaneous speciation of chromate, molybdate and arsenate. The repeatability of measurement tested for multielemental standard solution of chromate, molybdate and arsenate (50 ng mL−1 of Cr, Mo and As, pH 12) was ± 0.9%, ± 4.9% and ± 4.1%, respectively. Limits of quantification (LOQs) were low (0.53 ng mL−1 for chromate and arsenate and 1.03 ng mL−1 for molybdate, expressed as elemental concentrations). A wide linear concentration range (from LOQs to 500 ng mL−1) was obtained. The performances of this method enabled simultaneous speciation analysis in samples of water from lysimeters, in which three geotechnical composites, made of recycled waste, were installed in parallel in compacted and uncompacted, 20 times less dense form. The release of toxic chemical species of elements into lysimetric waters from each composite was studied. The results revealed that the degree of compaction and the composition of composites both have a significant influence on leaching of chromate, molybdate and arsenate. The study proved that multielemental speciation analysis is fast and cost-effective method for investigations of environmental impacts of materials, made from recycled waste, and can be used in other similar applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Djurić
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva 12, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Levstek
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Oprčkal
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva 12, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Mladenovič
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva 12, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Mauko Pranjić
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva 12, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ščančar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Environmental Influences on the Behavioural and Emotional Outcomes of Children: A Network Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148479. [PMID: 35886325 PMCID: PMC9320434 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Intellectual developmental disorders are a serious source of health morbidity with negative consequences for adults as well as children. However, there is limited evidence on the environmental, trace element, behavioural, and emotional outcomes in children. Here, we investigated whether there is any association between child behaviour and emotional outcomes and micronutrients using network analysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 9-year-old children within a Pacific Island Families study birth cohort. Elemental concentration was determined in children’s toenails after acid digestion and analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We used network analysis to identify closely associated trace elements and tested the directions and strength of these trace elements. MANCOVA were used to identify the significant associations between individual elements and the behavioural/emotional function of the children using the children behaviour checklist (CBCL). At the final step, quantile regression analysis was used to assess and quantify the identified associations between CBCL function scores and manganese, adjusted by sex, ethnicity, and standardized BMI. Results: Three major nutrient networks were identified. In the Mn network, Mn was strongly positively associated with Al (0.63) and Fe (r = 0.65) and moderately associated with Pb (r = 0.45) and Sb (r = 0.42). Al was also strongly associated with Fe (r = 0.9). Children in the second or third clinical group, with an elevated externalized CBCL score, had a much higher mean and median level of Mn as compared to the normal range group. The aggression score was significantly associated with Mn concentration and sex. Higher Mn concentrations were associated with a higher aggression score. A 1 ug/g unit increase in Mn was associated with a 2.44-fold increase (95% confidence interval: 1.55–4.21) in aggression score, and boys had higher median aggression score than girls (difference: 1.7, 95% CI: 0.9–2.8). Attention and rule breaking scores were both significantly associated with Mn concentration. Higher Mn concentrations were associated with higher attention behaviour problem and rule breaking scores. A 1 ug/g unit increase in Mn was found to be associated with a 1.80-fold increase (95% confidence interval: 1.37–2.82) in attention score, and a 1.46-fold increase (95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.74) in the rule breaking score. Thought score was not significantly associated with Mn concentration (p = 0.13) but was significantly lower in boys (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Exceeding Mn levels is potentially toxic and has been identified to be associated with worse externalized children’s behavioural health and emotional well-being. Future studies are necessary to find the exposure paths so that advice shall be provided to family and care providers in public health and environmental protection.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferreira SA, Loreto JS, Dos Santos MM, Barbosa NV. Environmentally relevant manganese concentrations evoke anxiety phenotypes in adult zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 93:103870. [PMID: 35523392 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal for living organisms. However, the excess of Mn can be toxic, especially for the central nervous system. Herein, we used adult zebrafish as model organism to investigate the relationship of an environmentally relevant Mn exposure with the onset of neurobehavioral disturbances and brain biochemical alterations. Fish were exposed to MnCl2 at 0.5, 2.0, 7.5 and 15.0 mg/L for 96 h, and after submitted to trials for examining exploratory, locomotor and anxiety-related behaviors. The neurobehavioral parameters were followed by the analyses of cell viability, Mn accumulation and acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain, and whole-body cortisol levels. By Novel tank, Light dark and Social preference test, we found that the exposure to Mn, along with locomotor deficits induced anxiety-like phenotypes in zebrafish. Most of these behavioral changes were evoked by the highest concentrations, which also caused cell viability loss, higher accumulation of Mn and increased AChE activity in the brain, and an increase in the whole-body cortisol content. Our findings demonstrated that zebrafish are quite sensitive to levels of Mn found in the environment, and that the magnitude of the neurotoxic effects may be associated with the levels of manganese accumulated in the brain. Interestingly, we showed that Mn exposure in addition to motor deficits may also cause psychiatric abnormalities, namely anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Antunes Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Sepel Loreto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mülling Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Collu DA, Carucci C, Piludu M, Parsons DF, Salis A. Aurivillius Oxides Nanosheets-Based Photocatalysts for Efficient Oxidation of Malachite Green Dye. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105422. [PMID: 35628232 PMCID: PMC9140923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurivillius oxides ferroelectric layered materials are formed by bismuth oxide and pseu-do-perovskite layers. They have a good ionic conductivity, which is beneficial for various photo-catalyzed reactions. Here, we synthesized ultra-thin nanosheets of two different Aurivillius oxides, Bi2WO6 (BWO) and Bi2MoO6 (BMO), by using a hard-template process. All materials were characterized through XRD, TEM, FTIR, TGA/DSC, DLS/ELS, DRS, UV-Vis. Band gap material (Eg) and potential of the valence band (EVB) were calculated for BWO and BMO. In contrast to previous reports on the use of multi composite materials, a new procedure for photocatalytic efficient BMO nanosheets was developed. The procedure, with an additional step only, avoids the use of composite materials, improves crystal structure, and strongly reduces impurities. BWO and BMO were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of the water pollutant dye malachite green (MG). MG removal kinetics was fitted with Langmuir—Hinshelwood model obtaining a kinetic constant k = 7.81 × 10−2 min−1 for BWO and k = 9.27 × 10−2 min−1 for BMO. Photocatalytic dye degradation was highly effective, reaching 89% and 91% MG removal for BWO and BMO, respectively. A control experiment, carried out in the absence of light, allowed to quantify the contribution of adsorption to MG removal process. Adsorption contributed to MG removal by a 51% for BWO and only by a 19% for BMO, suggesting a different degradation mechanism for the two photocatalysts. The advanced MG degradation process due to BMO is likely caused by the high crystallinity of the material synthetized with the new procedure. Reuse tests demonstrated that both photocatalysts are highly active and stable reaching a MG removal up to 95% at the 10th reaction cycle. These results demonstrate that BMO nanosheets, synthesized with an easy additional step, achieved the best degradation performance, and can be successfully used for environmental remediation applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Collu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.A.C.); (C.C.); (D.F.P.)
| | - Cristina Carucci
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.A.C.); (C.C.); (D.F.P.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Piludu
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Drew F. Parsons
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.A.C.); (C.C.); (D.F.P.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Andrea Salis
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.A.C.); (C.C.); (D.F.P.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fiałkowska E, Fiałkowski W, Wilson CG, Pajdak-Stós A. Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17671-17681. [PMID: 34674125 PMCID: PMC8873159 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PAX-18 (polyaluminum chloride) is frequently used in WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) to overcome sludge bulking. An alternative biological method is the usage of Lecane rotifers, which can be endangered by predacious fungi. We investigated the influence of different PAX-18 concentrations on the relationship between Lecane inermis and predacious fungi (Zoophagus and Lecophagus) differing in feeding mode. High PAX concentration (6 mg Al3+ L-1) strongly limited the number of the rotifers, which in low concentration (1.2 mg Al3+ L-1), after an initial decline, increased, but significantly slower than in control. Under the simultaneous influence of Lecophagus and PAX, rotifers were driven almost extinct at the high concentration, but survived at the lower concentration and increased in the control. When treated with Zoophagus, only one or two rotifers survived in treatments and control. High concentrations of PAX significantly restricted the growth of fungi, whereas in low concentrations and control conditions, their length increased, with Zoophagus growing much quicker than Lecophagus. Zoophagus was significantly more efficient in trapping rotifers regardless of PAX concentration. The trapping ability of mycelium following extended exposure to PAX was strongly limited at high concentrations, in comparison to control. Conidia of Zoophagus turned out to be considerably more resistant to PAX-18 and starvation than Lecophagus conidia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Fiałkowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Fiałkowski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Christopher G Wilson
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Agnieszka Pajdak-Stós
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Electrochemical sensor for uranium monitoring in natural water based on poly Nile blue modified glassy carbon electrode. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-05102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
15
|
Drinking Water Quality and Public Health in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: Coliform Bacteria, Chemical Contaminants, and Health Status of Consumers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:3895859. [PMID: 35190745 PMCID: PMC8858048 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3895859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Residents of Nepal’s Kathmandu Valley draw drinking water from tube wells, dug wells, and stone spouts, all of which have been reported to have serious water quality issues. In this study, we analyzed drinking water samples from 35 tube wells, dug wells, stone spouts, and municipal tap water for bacterial and chemical contaminants, including total and fecal coliform, aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, fluoride, iron, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, selenium, thallium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. We also asked a sampling of households who used these specific water sources to rate the taste of their water, list any waterborne diseases they were aware of, and share basic health information about household members. This survey provided us with information from 146 households and 603 individuals. We found widespread bacterial contamination of water sources, with 94% of sources having detectable total or fecal coliform. Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standards and World Health Organization (WHO) Drinking-Water Guidelines or health-based values were exceeded for aluminum (max = 0.53 mg/L), arsenic (max = 0.071 mg/L), iron (max = 7.22 mg/L), and manganese (max = 3.229 mg/L). The distribution of water sources with high arsenic, iron, and manganese appeared to be associated with floodplain deposits. Mixed effects logistic regression models were used to examine the interactions between social factors and water contaminants and their effects on household members’ health. Consumers of water sources with both high and low concentrations of manganese were less likely to have a positive attitude towards school than those whose water sources had moderate concentrations of manganese. Social factors, especially education, played a large role in predicting individual health outcomes. Household taste ratings of drinking water were not correlated with iron or manganese concentrations, suggesting that WHO’s reliance on aesthetic criteria for these contaminants instead of formal drinking-water guidelines may not be sufficient to protect public health.
Collapse
|
16
|
Erdemir S, Malkondu S. A switch-on xanthene-triphenylamine based fluorescent and colorimetric sensor for the detection of ultra-trace Hg 2+ in food samples and living cells. Food Chem 2021; 376:131951. [PMID: 34973638 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel colorimetric and fluorescent "switch-on" probe based on xanthene-triphenylamine was developed for detection of Hg2+, which threatens public health, food safety and the environment. The probe displayed superior colorimetric and fluorescent selectivity/sensitivity toward Hg2+ over a series of metal ions via Hg2+-triggered deprotection reaction. Hg2+ induced a ∼18-fold enhancement in emission intensity of probe TXS with yellow fluorescence (λem = 558 nm) and led to distinct color transition from light yellow to blue or yellow under daylight depending on solvent mixture. Detection parameters were optimized and examined for the influence that they exerted on the detection which involved the usage of the Box-Behnken design methodology. The sensing pathway was also examined theoretically by DFT and TD-DFT calculations. The probe was successfully utilized for the detection of Hg2+ in several food and water samples with good recoveries. Cell imaging studies demonstrated that the probe was suitable for Hg2+ detection in live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Erdemir
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 42250 Konya, Turkey
| | - Sait Malkondu
- Giresun University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Giresun 28200, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Highly Sensitive Detection for Mercury Ions Using Graphene Oxide (GO) Sensors. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12091070. [PMID: 34577713 PMCID: PMC8470607 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mercury ion (Hg2+) is one of the heavy metal ions, and its presence in trace amounts can cause physiological damage to an organism. Traditional methods of Hg2+ detection have been useful but have also had numerous limitations and challenges, and as a result, it is important to design new and sophisticated methods that can aid in the detection of Hg2+. In this paper, two fluorescent dyes, carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and SYBR Green I, were used to label and intercalate DNA probes immobilized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) for sensors to detect Hg2+. FAM and SYBR Green I dye share close excitation and emission wavelength spectra, which can promote and amplify the detection of signals, and also increase the limit of detection (LOD). The results showed that the limit of detection in this method was 0.53 nM. Moreover, when the sensors with double amino groups on the surface of GO were carried out to detect Hg2+, a limit of detection was improved to 0.43 nM. The sensors were then applied in the real sample. The results show that this method has a promising potential in Hg2+ detection.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lawson-Wood K, Jaafar M, Felipe-Sotelo M, Ward NI. Investigation of the uptake of molybdenum by plants from Argentinean groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:48929-48941. [PMID: 33928502 PMCID: PMC8410703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Some regions of Argentina are affected by high concentrations of molybdenum, arsenic and vanadium from natural sources in their groundwater. In particular, Mo levels in groundwater from Eduardo Castex (La Pampa, Argentina) typically exceed the guidelines for drinking water formerly established by WHO at 70 μg/L. Therefore, this study investigated the uptake of Mo in plants, using cress (Lepidium sativum L.) as a model using hydroponic experiments with synthetic solutions and groundwater from La Pampa. Cress grown from control experiments (150 μg/L Mo, pH 7) presented an average Mo concentration of 35.2 mg/kg (dry weight, d.w.), higher than the typical total plant range (0.7-2.5 mg/kg d.w.) in the literature. Using pooled groundwater samples (65.0-92.5 μg/L Mo) from wells of La Pampa (Argentina) as growth solutions resulted in significantly lower cress Mo levels (1.89-4.59 mg/kg d.w.) than were obtained for synthetic solutions of equivalent Mo concentration. This may be due to the high levels in these groundwater samples of As, V, Fe and Mn which are known to be associated with volcanic deposits. This research addressed the hitherto scarcity of data about the effect of various physicochemical parameters on the uptake of Mo in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lawson-Wood
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
- Perkin Elmer, Chalfont Road, Seer Green, Buckinghamshire, HP9 2FX, UK
| | - Maisarah Jaafar
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mónica Felipe-Sotelo
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Neil I Ward
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Collaborative determination of trace element mass fractions and isotope ratios in AQUA-1 drinking water certified reference material. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4959-4978. [PMID: 34453184 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Isotrace CNRS workgroup in collaboration with National Research Council of Canada has characterized a number of trace element mass fractions and isotope ratios currently not certified in AQUA-1 natural drinking water reference material (NRC Canada). This survey further expands the use of this material as a tool for environmental quality control, method validation, and method development tool for the international community. Simultaneously, the SLRS-6 river water was analyzed as quality control and also in order to compare both water characteristics, which were sampled in the same area but having undergone different treatment. Mass fractions for B, Cs, Li, Ga, Ge, Hf, Nb, P, Rb, Rh, Re, S, Sc, Se, Si, Sn, Th, Ti, Tl, W, Y, Zr, REEs, and six isotopic ratios are proposed for Sr and Pb. Measurements were mostly performed using ICP-MS with various calibration approaches. The results are reported as consensus or indicative values depending on the number of available datasets, with their associated uncertainties.
Collapse
|
20
|
Detection of Mercury Ion with High Sensitivity and Selectivity Using a DNA/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Immobilized on Glass Slides. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11090300. [PMID: 34562890 PMCID: PMC8471904 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Excessive mercury ions (Hg2+) cause great pollution to soil/water and pose a major threat to human health. The high sensitivity and high selectivity in the Hg2+ detection demonstrated herein are significant for the research areas of analytical chemistry, chemical biology, physical chemistry, drug discovery, and clinical diagnosis. In this study, a series of simple, low-cost, and highly sensitive biochips based on a graphene oxide (GO)/DNA hybrid was developed. Hg2+ is detected with high sensitivity and selectivity by GO/DNA hybrid biochips immobilized on glass slides. The performance of the biosensors can be improved by introducing more phosphorothioate sites and complementary bases. The best limit of detection of the biochips is 0.38 nM with selectivity of over 10:1. This sensor was also used for Hg2+ detection in Dendrobium. The results show this biochip is promising for Hg2+ detection.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao H, Wu W, Zhang X, Zhu Q, Tang J, He H, Chen G, Qin J. Associations between molybdenum exposure and ultrasound measures of fetal growth parameters: A pilot study. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128709. [PMID: 33153843 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested the association of molybdenum (Mo) exposure with some adverse outcomes. However, limited epidemiological studies have been performed to explore the association between maternal Mo exposure level and fetal growth. This study recruited 220 pregnant women during their second trimester. The mother's urinary Mo concentration was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The fetal biometric parameters, including head circumference (HC), biparietal diameter (BPD), femur diaphysis length (FL), and abdominal circumference (AC) were assessed by prenatal ultrasound. Estimated fetal weight (EFW) was evaluated using the formula of Hadlock. Multivariable linear regression models were applied to estimate the relationships between Mo level and fetal biometric parameters, and potential confounders were adjusted. A one-unit increment in natural-logarithm transformed urinary Mo level was significantly associated with reductions in fetal AC of -0.34 cm (95%CI: -0.63, -0.04), and was negatively related to EFW (β = -18.2, 95%CI: -40.5, 4.2). Furthermore, when participants were stratified by copper (Cu) level, the results showed that the magnitude of negative association between Mo and AC (β = -0.55, 95%CI: -1.13, 0.04) was greater in pregnant women with Cu level below median value, comparing with those with Cu level above median value (β = -0.08, 95%CI: -0.57, 0.42), and a similar pattern was found for EFW, although the interaction between Mo and Cu was not significant. Our data suggested an inverse association of maternal urinary Mo level with fetal AC and EFW during the second trimester of pregnancy. These associations might be stronger in pregnant women with relatively lower Cu levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhao
- Department of Public Health, And Department of Reproductive Endocrinology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Jiashan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qinheng Zhu
- Department of Public Health, And Department of Reproductive Endocrinology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongsen He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangdi Chen
- Department of Public Health, And Department of Reproductive Endocrinology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Qin
- Department of Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Scher DP, Goeden HM, Klos KS. Potential for Manganese-Induced Neurologic Harm to Formula-Fed Infants: A Risk Assessment of Total Oral Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:47011. [PMID: 33848192 PMCID: PMC8043326 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High oral exposure and biological vulnerabilities may put formula-fed infants at risk for manganese-induced neurotoxicity. OBJECTIVES We sought to characterize manganese concentrations in public drinking water and prepared infant formulas commonly purchased in the United States, integrate information from these sources into a health risk assessment specific to formula-fed infants, and examine whether households that receive water with elevated manganese concentrations avoid or treat the water, which has implications for formula preparation. METHODS Manganese was measured in 27 infant formulas and nearly all Minnesota community public water systems (CPWS). The risk assessment produced central tendency and upper-end exposure estimates that were compared to a neonatal animal-based health reference dose (RfD) and considered possible differences in bioavailability. A survey study assessed esthetic concerns, treatment, and use of water in a Twin Cities community with various levels of manganese in drinking water. RESULTS Ten percent of CPWSs were estimated to exceed the EPA health advisory level of 300 μ g / L . Manganese concentrations in formula ranged from 69.8 to 741 μ g / L , with amino acid > soy > cow ' s milk formula concentrations. Central tendency estimates of soy and amino acid formula reconstituted with water at the CPWS 95th percentile manganese concentration exceeded the neonatal-based RfD. Upper-end estimates of manganese intake from formula alone, independent of any water contribution, equaled or exceeded the neonatal-based RfD. In the survey study, we observed increased awareness of esthetic issues and water avoidance at higher manganese concentrations, but these concentrations were not a reliable consumption deterrent, as the majority of households with inside tap drinking water results above 300 μ g / L reported drinking the water. DISCUSSION Excessive exposure to manganese early in life can have long-lasting neurological impacts. This assessment underscores the potential for manganese overexposure in formula-fed infants. U.S. agencies that regulate formula and drinking water must work collaboratively to assess and mitigate potential risks. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7901.
Collapse
|
23
|
Souza TL, Batschauer AR, Brito PM, Martino-Andrade AJ, Ortolani-Machado CF. Evaluation of testicular structure in mice after exposure to environmentally relevant doses of manganese during critical windows of development. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111537. [PMID: 33254399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite being an essential trace element with great importance for vital metabolic activities, the manganese (Mn) can also cause damage to organ systems. However, data on the effect of this metal on the male reproductive system are limited, especially using relevant doses to human exposure. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of Mn exposure on the testicular structure of mice. Three experiments were conducted: (I) direct exposure to realistic doses (0.013, 0.13, and 1.3 mg/kg/day of MnCl2); (II) parental and direct exposure to realistic doses (as in experiment I), where the animals were exposed during intrauterine development and from lactation until reproductive maturity; (III) direct exposure to high doses (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg/day of MnCl2). Biometric, histopathological, histomorphometric and stereological parameters of the testis were evaluated, in addition to sperm morphology. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify potential Mn binding sites in 3β-HSD and P450ssc, as well as their protein-protein interaction network. The results obtained were compared using the integrated biomarker response index (IBR). There was an increase of seminiferous tubules pathologies in all experimental conditions tested, with effects on tubular volume, as well as a reduction in tubular diameter. The IBR analyses showed that parental and direct exposure had a significant negative effect on the testicular structure due to the exposure of this metal to sensitive periods of animal development. This study suggests that Mn has the potential to alter the morphological parameters of the testes, affecting the spermatogenesis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugstênio L Souza
- Laboratory of Embryotoxicology, Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Amândia R Batschauer
- Laboratory of Embryotoxicology, Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Patricia M Brito
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Anderson J Martino-Andrade
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Animal Reproduction, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Ortolani-Machado
- Laboratory of Embryotoxicology, Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Plagg B, Zerbe S. How does the environment affect human ageing? An interdisciplinary review. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2020. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
25
|
Schaefer MV, Plaganas M, Abernathy MJ, Aiken ML, Garniwan A, Lee I, Ying SC. Manganese, Arsenic, and Carbonate Interactions in Model Oxic Groundwater Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10621-10629. [PMID: 32786605 PMCID: PMC8435213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Manganese and arsenic both threaten groundwater quality globally, but their chemical behavior leads to both co-contamination and separation of these contaminants from individual well to regional scales. Here we tested manganese and arsenic retention under conditions commonly found within aquifer redox fluctuating and transition zones where both arsenic and iron phases are present in oxidized forms, but manganese persists as reduced and soluble Mn(II). Analysis of column aqueous breakthrough data and characterization of solid-phase products using X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and absorption spectroscopies (XAS) show that the addition of bicarbonate increased manganese retention but decreased arsenic retention, while the presence of manganese and arsenic together increased both arsenic and manganese retention. In the presence of O2 arsenic remained oxidized as arsenate under all conditions measured; however, reduced Mn(II) was oxidized to an average Mn oxidation state of ∼3 in the absence of arsenate. The presence of arsenate partially inhibited Mn(II) oxidation likely by blocking ferrihydrite surfaces needed to catalyze Mn(II) oxidation by O2 and by stabilizing Mn(II) via ternary complex formation. These results highlight the interactions between reduced and oxidized contaminants that can contribute to the co-occurrence or physical separation of manganese and arsenic in groundwater systems under changing or stratified redox conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Schaefer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States
| | - Mariejo Plaganas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Macon J Abernathy
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Miranda L Aiken
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Abdi Garniwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ilkeun Lee
- Analytical Chemistry Instrumentation Facility, Central Facility for Advanced Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Samantha C Ying
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dórea JG. Neurotoxic effects of combined exposures to aluminum and mercury in early life (infancy). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109734. [PMID: 32544722 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum and mercury are environmentally ubiquitous. Individually they are both neurotoxic elements with shared neuro-pathogenic pathways: oxidative stress, altered neurotransmission, and disruption of the neuroendocrine and immune systems. In the infant, Al and Hg differ in type of exposure, absorption, distribution (brain access), and metabolism. In environmentally associated exposure (breast milk and infant formulas) their co-occurrences fluctuate randomly, but in Thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) they occur combined in a proprietary ratio; in these cases, low-doses of Thimerosal-ethylmercury (EtHg) and adjuvant-Al present the most widespread binary mixture in less developed countries. Although experimental studies at low doses of the binary Hg and Al mixture are rare, when studied individually they have been shown to affect neurological outcomes negatively. In invitro systems, comparative neurotoxicity between Al and Hg varies in relation to the measured parameters but seems less for Al than for Hg. While neurotoxicity of environmental Hg (mainly fish methyl-Hg, MeHg) is associated with neurobehavioral outcomes in children, environmental Al is not associated, except in certain clinical conditions. Therefore, the issues of their neurotoxic effects (singly or combined) are discussed. In the infant (up to six months) the organic-Hg and Al body burdens from a full TCV schedule are estimated to reach levels higher than that originating from breastfeeding or from high aluminum soy-based formulas. Despite worldwide exposure to both Al and Hg (inorganic Hg, MeHg, and Thimerosal/EtHg), our knowledge on this combined exposure is insufficient to predict their combined neurotoxic effects (and with other co-occurring neurotoxicants).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José G Dórea
- Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 70919-970, DF, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Selenium relieves oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis within spleen of chicken exposed to mercuric chloride. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5430-5439. [PMID: 33142460 PMCID: PMC7647867 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) is a widely distributed environmental pollutant with multiorgan toxicity including immune organs such as spleen. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element in animal nutrition and exerts biological activity to antagonize organ toxicity caused by heavy metals. The objective of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism of the protective effects of Se against spleen damage caused by HgCl2 in chicken. Ninety male Hyline brown chicken were randomly divided into 3 groups namely Cont, HgCl2, and HgCl2+Se group. Chicken were provided with the standard diet and nontreated water, standard diet and HgCl2-treated water (250 ppm), and sodium selenite-treated diet (10 ppm) plus HgCl2-treated water (250 ppm), respectively. After being fed for 7 wk, the spleen tissues were collected, and spleen index, the microstructure of the spleen, and the indicators of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis as well as heat shock proteins (HSP) were detected. First, the results of spleen index and pathological examination confirmed that Se exerted an antagonistic effect on the spleen injury induced by HgCl2. Second, Se ameliorated HgCl2-induced oxidative stress by decreasing the level of malondialdehyde and increasing the levels of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Third, Se attenuated HgCl2-induced inflammation by decreasing the protein expression of nuclear factor kappa-B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2, and the gene expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12β, IL-18 as well as tumor necrosis factor-α. Fourth, Se inhibited HgCl2-induced apoptosis by downregulating the protein expression of BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 and upregulating the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2. Finally, Se reversed HgCl2-triggered activation of HSP 60, 70, and 90. In conclusion, Se antagonized HgCl2-induced spleen damage in chicken, partially through the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic signaling.
Collapse
|
28
|
Association between Drinking Water Nitrate and Adverse Reproductive Outcomes: A Systematic PRISMA Review. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12082287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
One in six couples experience fertility problems. Environmental factors may affect reproductive health; however, evidence is lacking regarding drinking water nitrates and outcomes of male and female fertility. The aim of this study was to investigate if exposure to nitrates in drinking water is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes in humans, and animals of fertile age. We conducted a systematic literature search and included case-control studies, cohort studies, and randomized control trials reporting on the association between drinking water nitrate exposure of men, women, or animals and adverse reproductive outcomes, specified as: Semen quality parameters, time to pregnancy (TTP), pregnancy rates, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), and spontaneous abortion. Findings were reported in a narrative synthesis. A total of 12 studies were included. The only human study included reported a decrease in spontaneous abortion at any detectable nitrate level. Overall, the 11 included animal studies support a potential negative effect on semen quality parameters but report equivocal results on TTP and number of offspring produced, and higher risk of spontaneous abortion. In conclusion, animal studies indicate possible effects on semen quality parameters and spontaneous abortion. However, with a few studies, including some with methodological limitations and small sample sizes, caution must be applied when interpreting these results.
Collapse
|
29
|
Souza TL, Batschauer AR, Brito PM, Leão-Buchir J, Spercoski KM, Neto FF, Martino-Andrade AJ, Ortolani-Machado CF. Evaluation of Mn exposure in the male reproductive system and its relationship with reproductive dysfunction in mice. Toxicology 2020; 441:152504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
30
|
Yang JY, Jia XD, Wang XY, Chen ML, Yang T, Wang JH. Mercury speciation based on mercury-stimulated peroxidase mimetic activity of gold nanoparticles. Analyst 2020; 145:5200-5205. [PMID: 32555886 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00803f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mercury speciation is of significant importance in environmental and biological analysis because its toxicity and metabolic behavior in the human body differ among species. Nanomaterial-assisted optical sensors are widely used for mercury ion detection but rarely applied in mercury speciation analysis. In this work, we develop a novel colorimetric sensing strategy for mercury speciation based on mercury-stimulated peroxidase mimetic activity of gold nanoparticles with the assistance of different reductants. In the presence of a weak reductant, only inorganic mercury can be reduced to Hg0, whereas both inorganic mercury and organic mercury can be reduced to Hg0 in the presence of a strong reductant. Due to the high affinity between Hg and Au, Hg0 deposits on the AuNP surface in the form of a Au-Hg amalgam, leading to a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase mimetic activity of gold nanoparticles. On the basis of this effect, inorganic mercury and total mercury can be detected by using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the substrate. The limits of detection for inorganic mercury and total mercury are 1.9 and 0.9 nM within 5-100 nM, respectively. The selectivity of this sensing system is high due to the specificity of Au-Hg interaction. Its practical applications are further demonstrated by organic mercury analysis in a fish sample and mercury speciation in a human hair sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fluorescent, colourimetric, and ratiometric probes based on diverse fluorophore motifs for mercuric(II) ion (Hg 2+) sensing: highlights from 2011 to 2019. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020; 74:3195-3232. [PMID: 32427198 PMCID: PMC7229441 DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Though it has not been shown to deliver any biological importance, mercuric(II) ion (Hg2+) is a deleterious cation which poses grievous effects to the human body and/or the ecosystem, hence, the need for its sensitive and selective monitoring in both environmental and biological systems. Over the years, there has been a great deal of work in the use of fluorescent, colourimetric, and/or ratiometric probes for Hg2+ recognition. Essentially, the purpose of this review article is to give an overview of the advances made in the constructions of such probes based on the works reported in the period from 2011 to 2019. Discussion in this review work has been tailored to the kinds of fluorophore scaffolds used for the constructions of the probes reported. Selected examples of probes under each fluorophore subcategory were discussed with mentions of the typically determined parameters in an analytical sensing operation, including modulation in fluorescence intensity, optimal pH, detection limit, and association constant. The environmental and biological application ends of the probes were also touched where necessary. Important generalisations and conclusions were given at the end of the review. This review article highlights 196 references.
Collapse
|
32
|
Dolgova NV, Nehzati S, MacDonald TC, Summers KL, Crawford AM, Krone PH, George GN, Pickering IJ. Disruption of selenium transport and function is a major contributor to mercury toxicity in zebrafish larvae. Metallomics 2020; 11:621-631. [PMID: 30688331 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00315g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the most toxic elements threatening the biosphere, with levels steadily rising due to both natural and human activities. Selenium is an essential micronutrient, required for normal development and functioning of many organisms. While selenium is known to counteract mercury's toxicity under some conditions, to date information about the mercury-selenium relationship is fragmented and often controversial. As part of a systematic study of mercury and selenium interactions, zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae (a model verterbrate) were exposed to methylmercury chloride or mercuric chloride. The influence of pre- and post-treatment of selenomethionine on the level and distribution of mercury and selenium in the brain and eye sections, as well as on toxicity, were examined. Selenomethionine treatment decreased the amount of maternally transfered mercury in the larval brain. Selenomethionine treatment prior to exposure to mercuric chloride increased both mercury and selenium levels in the brain but decreased their toxic effects. Conversely, methylmercury levels were not changed as a result of selenium pre-treatment, while toxicity was increased. Strikingly, both forms of mercury severely disrupted selenium metabolism, not only by depleting selenium levels due to formation of Hg-Se complexes, but also by blocking selenium transport into and out of tissues, suggesting that restoring normal selenium levels by treating the organism with selenium after mercury exposure may not be possible. Disruption of selenium metabolism by mercury may lead to disruption in function of selenoproteins. Indeed, the production of thyroid hormones by selenoprotein deiodinases was found to be severely impaired as a result of mercury exposure, with selenomethionine not always being a suitable source of selenium to restore thyroid hormone levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Dolgova
- Molecular and Environment Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
More-Bayona JA, Torrealba D, Thomson C, Wakaruk J, Barreda DR. Differential Effects of Drinking Water Quality on Phagocyte Responses of Broiler Chickens Against Fungal and Bacterial Challenges. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584. [PMID: 32318069 PMCID: PMC7154071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combinatorial effects of xenobiotics in water on health may occur even at levels within current acceptable guidelines for individual chemicals. Herein, we took advantage of the sensitivity of the immune system and an avian animal model to examine the impact of xenobiotic mixtures on animal health. Water was derived from an underground well in Alberta, Canada and met guidelines for consumption, but contained a number of contaminants. Changes to chicken immunity were evaluated following acute (7d) exposure to contaminated water under basal and immune challenged conditions. An increase in resident macrophages and a decrease in CD8+ lymphocytes were identified in the abdominal cavity, which served as a relevant site where immune leukocytes could be examined. Subsequent intra-abdominal immune stimulation detected differential in vivo acute inflammatory responses to fungal and bacterial challenges. Leukocyte recruitment into the challenge site and activation of phagocyte antimicrobial responses were affected. These functional responses paralleled molecular changes in the expression for pro-inflammatory and regulatory genes. In all, this study primarily highlights dysregulation of phagocyte responses following acute (7d) exposure of poultry to contaminated water. Given that production food animals hold a unique position at the interface of animal, environmental and human health, this emphasizes the need to consider the impact of xenobiotic mixtures in our assessments of water quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A More-Bayona
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Health, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Débora Torrealba
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Health, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Caitlin Thomson
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Health, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremy Wakaruk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel R Barreda
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Health, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Welch BM, Branscum A, Geldhof GJ, Ahmed SM, Hystad P, Smit E, Afroz S, Megowan M, Golam M, Sharif O, Rahman M, Quamruzzaman Q, Christiani DC, Kile ML. Evaluating the effects between metal mixtures and serum vaccine antibody concentrations in children: a prospective birth cohort study. Environ Health 2020; 19:41. [PMID: 32276596 PMCID: PMC7146972 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many populations are exposed to arsenic, lead, and manganese. These metals influence immune function. We evaluated the association between exposure to single and multiple metals, including arsenic, lead, and manganese, to humoral immunity as measured by antibody concentrations to diphtheria and tetanus toxoid among vaccinated Bangladeshi children. Additionally, we examined if this association was potentially mediated by nutritional status. METHODS Antibody concentrations to diphtheria and tetanus were measured in children's serum at age 5 (n = 502). Household drinking water was sampled to quantify arsenic (W-As) and manganese (W-Mn), whereas lead was measured in blood (B-Pb). Exposure samples were taken during pregnancy, toddlerhood, and early childhood. Multiple linear regression models (MLRs) with single or combined metal predictors were used to determine the association with antibody outcomes. MLR results were transformed to units of percent change in outcome per doubling of exposure to improve interpretability. Structural equation models (SEMs) were used to further assess exposure to metal mixtures. SEMs regressed a latent exposure variable (Metals), informed by all measured metal variables (W-As, W-Mn, and B-Pb), on a latent outcome variable (Antibody), informed by measured antibody variables (diphtheria and tetanus). Weight-for-age z-score (WFA) at age 5 was evaluated as a mediator. RESULTS Diphtheria antibody was negatively associated with W-As during pregnancy in MLR, but associations were attenuated after adjusting for W-Mn and B-Pb (- 2.9% change in diphtheria antibody per doubling in W-As, 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 7%, 1.5%). Conversely, pregnancy levels of B-Pb were positively associated with tetanus antibody, even after adjusting for W-As and W-Mn (13.3%, 95% CI: 1.7%, 26.3%). Overall, null associations were observed between W-Mn and antibody outcomes. Analysis by SEMs showed that the latent Metals mixture was significantly associated with the latent Antibody outcome (β = - 0.16, 95% CI: - 0.26, - 0.05), but the Metals variable was characterized by positive and negative loadings of W-As and B-Pb, respectively. Sex-stratified MLR and SEM analyses showed W-As and B-Pb associations were exclusive to females. Mediation by WFA was null, indicating Metals only had direct effects on Antibody. CONCLUSIONS We observed significant modulation of vaccine antibody concentrations among children with pregnancy and early life exposures to drinking water arsenic and blood lead. We found distinct differences by child sex, as only females were susceptible to metal-related modulations in antibody levels. Weight-for-age, a nutritional status proxy, did not mediate the association between the metal mixture and vaccine antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barrett M. Welch
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
- Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Adam Branscum
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - G. John Geldhof
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Sharia M. Ahmed
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Ellen Smit
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Sakila Afroz
- Dhaka Community Hospital Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Meghan Megowan
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | | | - Omar Sharif
- Dhaka Community Hospital Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Molly L. Kile
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall, Room 101, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Erulaş FA. Sensitive determination of nickel at trace levels in surface water samples by slotted quartz tube flame atomic absorption spectrometry after switchable solvent liquid-phase microextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:272. [PMID: 32266579 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, switchable solvent (SS) for liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) was used as a tool to preconcentrate nickel from aqueous samples for determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The SS-LPME method was optimized thoroughly to boost the absorbance signal of nickel for trace level determination. Parameters optimized included switchable solvent volume, sodium hydroxide concentration, sodium hydroxide volume, and eluent volume. The SS-LPME method enhanced the detection power by about 32-folds, and a slotted quartz tube (SQT) was used to obtain 2.6-folds increase in detection power. The combination of LPME and SQT-FAAS produced 104-folds enhancement, correlating to a limit of detection value of 1.8 μg/L. Low relative standard deviations calculated for the lowest calibration concentration indicated good repeatability for replicate measurements. Accuracy of the optimized method and its applicability to real samples was tested on two river samples. The results (85-103%) obtained from the spike recovery experiments were satisfactory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ahmet Erulaş
- Faculty of Education, Department of Science Education, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
The Sealing Step in Aluminum Anodizing: A Focus on Sustainable Strategies for Enhancing Both Energy Efficiency and Corrosion Resistance. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Increasing demands for environmental accountability and energy efficiency in industrial practice necessitates significant modification(s) of existing technologies and development of new ones to meet the stringent sustainability demands of the future. Generally, development of required new technologies and appropriate modifications of existing ones need to be premised on in-depth appreciation of existing technologies, their limitations, and desired ideal products or processes. In the light of these, published literature mostly in the past 30 years on the sealing process; the second highest energy consuming step in aluminum anodization and a step with significant environmental impacts has been critical reviewed in this systematic review. Emphasis have been placed on the need to reduce both the energy input in the anodization process and environmental implications. The implications of the nano-porous structure of the anodic oxide on mass transport and chemical reactivity of relevant species during the sealing process is highlighted with a focus on exploiting these peculiarities, in improving the quality of sealed products. In addition, perspective is provided on plausible approaches and important factors to be considered in developing sealing procedures that can minimize the energy input and environmental impact of the sealing step, and ensure a more sustainable aluminum anodization process/industry.
Collapse
|
37
|
Souza TL, Batschauer AR, Brito PM, Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Martino-Andrade AJ, Ortolani-Machado CF. Multigenerational analysis of the functional status of male reproductive system in mice after exposure to realistic doses of manganese. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
38
|
Lin X, Xiao F, Li X, Li F, Liu C, Xiao X, Hu N, Yang S. A cytosine-rich hairpin DNA loaded with silver nanoclusters as a fluorescent probe for uranium(IV) and mercury(II) ions. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:519. [PMID: 31289935 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A dually responsive fluorescent probe for determination of U(IV) and mercury(II) ions was synthesized. The probe consists of a cytosine-rich hairpin DNA loaded with silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs). The fluorescence of the AgNCs is found to be quenched by UO2(II) at pH 5.0 and Hg(II) at pH 7.0 due to combined static and dynamic quenching. Under the optimal conditions, the green fluorescence of the DNA-AgNCs, best measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 420/525 nm, decreases in the 4.0 to 75 pM UO2(II) concentration range, and in the 0.3 to 8.0 nM Hg(II) concentration range. The respective detection limits are as low as 1.8 pM and 0.1 nM. The method was successfully applied to the determination of UO2(II) and Hg(II) in (spiked) pond and taps waters and in soil extracts. Graphical abstract A label-free DNA was designed to synthesize green-fluorescent silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) and used for rapid dual detection of uranyl ions (UO2(II)) at pH 5.0 and of mercury ions (Hg(II)) at pH 7.0 in environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lin
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubing Xiao
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Feifei Li
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Liu
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilin Xiao
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Shengyuan Yang
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Selenium, a trace element, is ubiquitous in the environment. The main source of human exposure is diet. Despite its nutritional benefits, it is one of the most toxic naturally occurring elements. Selenium deficiency and overexposure have been associated with adverse health effects. Its level of toxicity may depend on its chemical form, as inorganic and organic species have distinct biological properties. RECENT FINDINGS Nonexperimental and experimental studies have generated insufficient evidence for a role of selenium deficiency in human disease, with the exception of Keshan disease, a cardiomyopathy. Conversely, recent randomized trials have indicated that selenium overexposure is positively associated with type 2 diabetes and high-grade prostate cancer. In addition, a natural experiment has suggested an association between overexposure to inorganic hexavalent selenium and two neurodegenerative diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Risk assessments should be revised to incorporate the results of studies demonstrating toxic effects of selenium. Additional observational studies and secondary analyses of completed randomized trials are needed to address the uncertainties regarding the health risks of selenium exposure.
Collapse
|
40
|
Simple simultaneous determination of iron and manganese by sequential injection spectrophotometry using astilbin extracted from Smilax china L. root. Talanta 2019; 191:307-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
41
|
Mejri A, Mars A, Elfil H, Hamzaoui AH. Graphene nanosheets modified with curcumin-decorated manganese dioxide for ultrasensitive potentiometric sensing of mercury(II), fluoride and cyanide. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:529. [PMID: 30402665 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified by electropolymerization of curcumin on MnO2-Gr nanosheets to obtain a detection method for Hg(II) and for the anions fluoride and cyanide. The complexation by curcumin can be monitored by potentiometry. The results revealed a cathodic shift for the simultaneous detection of fluoride and cyanide and an anodic shift for the mercury(II) sensing, with peak potentials of -0.24, 0.12 and 0.82 V, respectively (vs. Ag/AgCl). The modified GCE is fairly selective, reproducible and repeatable. The detection limits are 19.2 nM for Hg(II), 17.2 nM for fluoride, and 28.3 nM for cyanide (LOD, S/N = 3). The method was successfully applied to the analysis of spiked samples of tap water, river water and petrochemical refinery wastewater. Graphical abstract Schematic of an electrochemical curcumin-MnO2-graphene nanosheet platform for the simultaneous assay of fluoride, cyanide and mercury(II) in the ppb concentration range in various natural and wastewater samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Mejri
- Valorization Laboratory of Useful Materials (LVMU), National Center of Material Science Research (CNRSM), Techno-park Borj Cedria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Abdelmoneim Mars
- Valorization Laboratory of Useful Materials (LVMU), National Center of Material Science Research (CNRSM), Techno-park Borj Cedria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia. .,Laboratory of Natural Water Treatment (LABTEN), Water Researches and Technologies Center, Techno-park Borj Cedria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia.
| | - Hamza Elfil
- Laboratory of Natural Water Treatment (LABTEN), Water Researches and Technologies Center, Techno-park Borj Cedria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Hichem Hamzaoui
- Valorization Laboratory of Useful Materials (LVMU), National Center of Material Science Research (CNRSM), Techno-park Borj Cedria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Vinceti M, Vicentini M, Wise LA, Sacchettini C, Malagoli C, Ballotari P, Filippini T, Malavolti M, Rossi PG. Cancer incidence following long-term consumption of drinking water with high inorganic selenium content. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:390-396. [PMID: 29674262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Selenium, a trace element to which humans are exposed mainly through diet, has been involved in the etiology of human cancer. We investigated the long-term effects of selenium exposure on cancer incidence using data from a natural experiment in Northern Italy. During the 1970s-1980s, in a part of the Italian municipality of Reggio Emilia, residents were inadvertently exposed to unusually high levels of inorganic hexavalent selenium (selenate) through drinking water. We followed the exposed residents for 28years, generating data on incidence (when available) and mortality rates for selected cancer sites; the remaining municipal residents comprised the unexposed (reference) group. We observed no substantial difference in overall cancer incidence comparing exposed and unexposed cohorts. We detected, however, a higher incidence of cancer at some sites, and for a few of them, namely cancers of the buccal cavity and pharynx, melanoma, urinary tract and lymphoid tissue, the excess incidence was particularly evident in the first period of follow-up but decreased over time. Overall, these results suggest that consumption of water with levels of selenium in its inorganic hexavalent form close to the European standard, 10μg/L, may have unfavourable effects on cancer incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Massimo Vicentini
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, IRCCS, Viale Giovanni Amendola, 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Claudio Sacchettini
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, IRCCS, Viale Giovanni Amendola, 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Ballotari
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, IRCCS, Viale Giovanni Amendola, 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, IRCCS, Viale Giovanni Amendola, 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alexandrov PN, Pogue AI, Lukiw WJ. Synergism in aluminum and mercury neurotoxicity. INTEGRATIVE FOOD, NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2018; 5:10.15761/IFNM.1000214. [PMID: 29938114 PMCID: PMC6013271 DOI: 10.15761/ifnm.1000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum and mercury are common neurotoxic contaminants in our environment - from the air we breathe to the water that we drink to the foods that we eat. It is remarkable that to date neither of these two well-established environmental neurotoxins (i.e. those having a general toxicity towards brain cells) and genotoxins (those agents which exhibit directed toxicity toward the genetic apparatus) have been critically studied, nor have their neurotoxicities been evaluated in human neurobiology or in cells of the human central nervous system (CNS). In this paper we report the effects of added aluminum [sulfate; Al₂(SO₄)₃] and/or mercury [sulfate; HgSO4] to human neuronal-glial (HNG) cells in primary co-culture using the evolution of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kB (p50/p65) complex as a critical indicator for the onset of inflammatory neurodegeneration and pathogenic inflammatory signaling. As indexed by significant induction of the NF-kB (p50/p65) complex the results indicate: (i) a notable increase in pro-inflammatory signaling imparted by each of these two environmental neurotoxins toward HNG cells in the ambient 20-200 nM range; and (ii) a significant synergism in the neurotoxicity when aluminum (sulfate) and mercury (sulfate) were added together. This is the first report on the neurotoxic effects of aluminum sulfate and/or mercury sulfate on the initiation of inflammatory signaling in human brain cells in primary culture. The effects aluminum+mercury together on other neurologically important signaling molecules or the effects of other combinations of common environmental metallic neurotoxins to human neurobiology currently remain not well understood but certainly warrant additional investigation and further study in laboratory animals, in human primary tissue cultures of CNS cells, and in other neurobiologically realistic experimental test systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Walter J Lukiw
- Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 113152, Russia
- Alchem Biotek Research, Toronto ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite 904, New Orleans LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite 904, New Orleans LA 70112, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite 904, New Orleans LA 70112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Erarpat S, Özzeybek G, Chormey DS, Bakırdere S. Determination of lead at trace levels in mussel and sea water samples using vortex assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 189:180-185. [PMID: 28938199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and slotted quartz tube (SQT) were coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) to increase the sensitivity of lead. Conditions such as the formation of the lead-dithizone complex, efficiency of the DLLME method and the output of the SQT were systematically optimized to improve the detection limit for the analyte. The conventional FAAS system was improved upon by about 3.0 times with SQT-FAAS, 32 times with DLLME-FAAS and 142 times with DLLME-SQT-FAAS. The method was applicable over a wide linear range (10-500 μg L-1). The limit of detection (LOD) determined by DLLME-SQT-FAAS for seawater and mussel were 2.7 μg L-1 and 270 μg kg-1, respectively. The percent recoveries obtained for mussel and seawater samples (spiked at 20 and 50 μg L-1) were 95-96% and 98-110%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Erarpat
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34349 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gözde Özzeybek
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34349 İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34349 İstanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Albert S, Kvennefors C, Jacob K, Kera J, Grinham A. Environmental change in a modified catchment downstream of a gold mine, Solomon Islands. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:942-953. [PMID: 28888940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solomon Islands is rapidly developing its natural resource exploitation sector, but data needed to assess consequent environmental impacts are scarce. We assessed catchments surrounding the Gold Ridge gold mine (Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands) and found that extensive changes in river course, and water and sediment quality have occurred downstream of the gold mine since its development. Sediment run-off from exposed areas associated with the mine pit has increased, elevating turbidity (up to 2450 NTU) and metal and arsenic levels, with levels of the latter being up to 0.141 mg/L in surface waters and 265 mg/kg in sediments. An overfull, inoperative tailings storage facility associated with the currently inactive gold mine with fluctuating arsenic levels (up to 0.087 mg/L in the water; 377 mg/kg in the sediment) presents an ongoing threat to the environment. Arsenic, due to its toxicity, appears to be the greatest threat, with sediment and water guideline levels in rivers exceeded 10-fold and exceeded nearly 20-fold in the tailings dam sediments. Despite elevated metal and arsenic content in the area, no toxic inorganic arsenic was found to have bioaccumulated in locally harvested food. In summary, the natural environment surrounding the Gold Ridge mine has been modified substantially and requires an ongoing monitoring program to ensure the ecosystem services of food and water for the local communities continue to be safe. This study informs not only the local area but also provides a microcosm of the broader global challenges facing the regulation of extractive industries in proximity to subsistence communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Albert
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
| | - Charlotte Kvennefors
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Krista Jacob
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Joshua Kera
- Malangano Village, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands
| | - Alistair Grinham
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ying SC, Schaefer MV, Cock-Esteb A, Li J, Fendorf S. Depth Stratification Leads to Distinct Zones of Manganese and Arsenic Contaminated Groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8926-8932. [PMID: 28695739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Providing access to safe drinking water is a global challenge, for which groundwater is increasingly being used throughout the world. However, geogenic contaminants limit the suitability of groundwater for domestic purposes over large geographic areas across most continents. Geogenic contaminants in groundwater are often evaluated individually, but here we demonstrate the need to evaluate multiple contaminants to ensure that groundwater is safe for human consumption and agricultural usage. We compiled groundwater chemical data from three aquifer regions across the world that have been reported to have widespread As and Mn contamination including the Glacial Aquifer in the U.S., the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Mehta Basin within Bangladesh, and the Mekong Delta in Cambodia, along with newly sampled wells in the Yangtze River Basin of China. The proportion of contaminated wells increase by up to 40% in some cases when both As and Mn contaminants are considered. Wilcoxon rank-sum analysis indicates that Mn contamination consistently occurs at significantly shallower depths than As contaminated wells in all regions. Arsenic concentrations in groundwater are well predicted by redox indicators (Eh and dissolved oxygen) whereas Mn shows no significant relationship with either parameter. These findings illustrate that the number of safe wells may be drastically overestimated in some regions when Mn contamination is not taken into account and that depth may be used as a distinguishing variable in efforts to predict the presence of groundwater contaminants regionally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Ying
- Environmental Sciences Department, University of California-Riverside , 900 University Ave, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Michael V Schaefer
- Environmental Sciences Department, University of California-Riverside , 900 University Ave, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Alicea Cock-Esteb
- Earth System Science Department Stanford University , 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Statistics Department, University of California-Riverside , 900 University Ave, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Scott Fendorf
- Earth System Science Department Stanford University , 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bouchard MF, Surette C, Cormier P, Foucher D. Low level exposure to manganese from drinking water and cognition in school-age children. Neurotoxicology 2017; 64:110-117. [PMID: 28716743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) is an element found in the environment and certain geographic areas have elevated concentrations in soil and water du to natural conditions or anthropic activities. A growing body of data suggests that exposure to manganese in drinking water could be neurotoxic. OBJECTIVE Firstly, we aimed to examine the association between exposure to manganese from drinking water and cognition in children consuming well water. Secondly, we also aimed to examine the relation between cognition and manganese concentrations in children's hair, nail, and saliva. METHODS A total 259 children from 189 households consuming well water were included in the present study (ages 5.9 to 13.7 years). We assessed children's cognition with the WISC-IV, and we used five indicators of manganese exposure: concentration in tap water, intake from the consumption of water divided by child's weight, manganese concentration in children's hair, toe nail, and saliva. We used General Estimating Equation analysis to assess the relation between manganese exposure indicators and IQ scores, adjusting for potential confounders, and taking into account family clusters. RESULTS Drinking water manganese concentrations were generally low, with 48% of children consuming water <5μg/L, 25% >50μg/L, and 4% >400μg/L. Results differed by sex. In girls, higher manganese concentration in water, hair, and toe nail were associated with poorer Performance IQ scores but this was significant only for toe nail (for a 10-fold increase in manganese, β: -5.65, 95% CIs: -10.97, -0.32). Opposite associations were observed in boys, i.e., better Performance IQ scores with higher manganese concentration hair, toe nail, and water, the latter being significant (β: 2.66, 95% CIs: 0.44, 4.89). Verbal IQ scores did not seem to be associated with manganese exposure indicators. CONCLUSIONS Drinking water manganese levels were considerably lower than in previous studies reporting neurotoxic effects. There was no clear indication of an association between exposure to manganese and cognitive development in this sample of school-age children although the data suggest there might be sex-specific associations. Given the low levels of exposure and sex-specific associations, a larger sample size would have been required to increase the statistical power and better characterize the relations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryse F Bouchard
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C4, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montreal, C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Céline Surette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, PavillonRémi-Rossignol, 18, Avenue Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - Pierre Cormier
- École de psychologie, Université de Moncton, Pavillon Léopold-Taillon, 18, Avenue Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - Delphine Foucher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, PavillonRémi-Rossignol, 18, Avenue Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vinceti M, Filippini T, Cilloni S, Bargellini A, Vergoni AV, Tsatsakis A, Ferrante M. Health risk assessment of environmental selenium: Emerging evidence and challenges (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3323-3335. [PMID: 28339083 PMCID: PMC5428396 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
New data have been accumulated in the scientific literature in recent years which allow a more adequate risk assessment of selenium with reference to human health. This new evidence comes from environmental studies, carried out in populations characterized by abnormally high or low selenium intakes, and from high-quality and large randomized controlled trials with selenium recently carried out in the US and in other countries. These trials have consistently shown no beneficial effect on cancer and cardiovascular risk, and have yielded indications of unexpected toxic effects of selenium exposure. Overall, these studies indicate that the minimal amount of environmental selenium which is source of risk to human health is much lower than anticipated on the basis of older studies, since toxic effects were shown at levels of intake as low as around 260 µg/day for organic selenium and around 16 µg/day for inorganic selenium. Conversely, populations with average selenium intake of less than 13–19 µg/day appear to be at risk of a severe cardiomyopathy, Keshan disease. Overall, there is the need to reconsider the selenium standards for dietary intake, drinking water, outdoor and indoor air levels, taking into account the recently discovered adverse health effects of low-dose selenium overexposure, and carefully assessing the significance of selenium-induced proteomic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Section of Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Section of Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Cilloni
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Section of Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bargellini
- CREAGEN, Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Section of Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Vergoni
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Vinceti M, Ballotari P, Steinmaus C, Malagoli C, Luberto F, Malavolti M, Rossi PG. Long-term mortality patterns in a residential cohort exposed to inorganic selenium in drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 150:348-356. [PMID: 27344266 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a metalloid of considerable nutritional and toxicological importance in humans. To date, limited epidemiologic evidence exists about the health effects of exposure to this trace element in drinking water. We investigated the relationship between Se levels in water and mortality in the municipality of Reggio Emilia, Italy, where high levels of Se were previously observed in drinking water. From 1974 to 1985, 2065 residents consumed drinking water with Se levels close to the European standard of 10μg/l, in its inorganic hexavalent form (selenate). Follow-up was conducted for the years 1986-2012 in Reggio Emilia and a lesser exposed comparison group of around 100,000 municipal residents, with comparable socio-demographic characteristics. Overall mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer showed little evidence of differences. However, excess rate ratios were seen for some site specific cancers such as neoplasms of buccal cavity and pharynx, urinary tract, lymphohematopoietic tissue, melanoma, and two neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Excess mortality in the exposed cohort for specific outcomes was concentrated in the first period of follow-up (1986-1997), and waned starting 10 years after the high exposure ended. We also found lower mortality from breast cancer in females during the first period of follow-up. When we extended the analysis to include residents who had been consuming the high-selenium drinking water for a shorter period, mortality rate ratios were also increased, but to a lesser extent. Overall, we found that the mortality patterns related to long-term exposure to inorganic hexavalent selenium through drinking water were elevated for several site-specific cancers and neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Paola Ballotari
- Interinstitutional Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, Reggio Emilia and Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Craig Steinmaus
- Department of Epidemiology, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Luberto
- Interinstitutional Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, Reggio Emilia and Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Interinstitutional Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority, Reggio Emilia and Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lead preconcentration by solid phase extraction using oxidized carbon xerogel and spectrophotometric determination with dithizone. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|