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Zhu Y, Duan A, Yu Q, Tian S, Zhou Z, Li P, Pan D, Tao H, Zhu Q. Screening bioactive compounds from Fangji Huangqi decoction for treating rheumatoid arthritis via COX-2 magnetic ligand fishing combined with in vivo validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118725. [PMID: 39222761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fangji Huangqi Decoction (FHD) is a classical Chinese compound formula for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with satisfactory effects. FHD is reputed for its ability to tonify qi with strengthening exterior, and dispel wind while removing dampness, but its mechanisms and bioactive compounds for treating RA remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to explore the key target and bioactive compounds that were responsible for FHD-mediated improvements in RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using network pharmacology, we discovered that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was the key target of FHD against RA. We utilized a ligand fishing technique with COX-2 immobilized magnetic beads to recognize the bioactive components that act on COX-2. Then we carried out an in vitro assay of COX-2 enzyme inhibition and in vivo assay of carrageenan-induced inflammation and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) to validate the bioactive effects of these captured ingredients. In the CIA assay, micro-CT, hematoxylin‒eosin staining and safranin-O/fast green staining were employed to assess the influence of the captured ligand on bone damage, pathological injury and cartilage destruction, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to detect the expression of COX-2 target in the ankle joint. interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the serum were also detected by ELISA. Molecular docking was used to reveal the binding mechanism of the COX-2 protein and the captured ligand. RESULTS Eleven ligands, including tetrandrine, fangchinoline, cyclanoline, licochalcone B, ononin, calycosin and liquiritin, were specifically bound to the COX-2 protein, as determined by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), seven of which were present at high levels. One ligand, tetrandrine, not only had a great inhibitory effect on COX-2 enzyme activity but also significantly reduced carrageenan-induced inflammation. In the CIA assay, middle- and high-dose tetrandrine (25 and 50 mg/kg) had effects comparable to those of FHD and celecoxib on ameliorating RA symptoms in CIA mice via the COX-2 target. Furthermore, compared with the low-dose tetrandrine group (12.5 mg/kg), the FHD group exhibited significantly lower arthritis index scores and serum IL-6 expression, although the content of tetrandrine in FHD extract solution was approximately 0.1% of that in the low-dose tetrandrine group. CONCLUSIONS Hence, we inferred that tetrandrine was the main bioactive component responsible for the effects of FHD against RA by suppressing the expression of the COX-2 protein and inhibiting the enzyme catalytic activity of COX-2. The reason for these effects may be that tetrandrine can interact with the residue Tyr385 of COX-2, the enzymatic catalytic site of COX-2 to transform arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and thereby reduce the production of prostaglandins and inflammatory metabolites. Moreover, in addition to tetrandrine, FHD contains other compounds that could supplement the activity of tetrandrine when FHD was used to treat RA, which is manifested the "multi-component" characteristic of how Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Ao Duan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, PR China
| | - Shuo Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zishan Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, PR China
| | - Dongmei Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Huaming Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Quanhong Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Laha A, Nasra S, Bhatia D, Kumar A. Advancements in rheumatoid arthritis therapy: a journey from conventional therapy to precision medicine via nanoparticles targeting immune cells. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:14975-14993. [PMID: 39056352 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02182g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive autoimmune disease that mainly affects the inner lining of the synovial joints and leads to chronic inflammation. While RA is not known as lethal, recent research indicates that it may be a silent killer because of its strong association with an increased risk of chronic lung and heart diseases. Patients develop these systemic consequences due to the regular uptake of heavy drugs such as disease-modifying antirheumatic medications (DMARDs), glucocorticoids (GCs), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs), etc. Nevertheless, a number of these medications have off-target effects, which might cause adverse toxicity, and have started to become resistant in patients as well. Therefore, alternative and promising therapeutic techniques must be explored and adopted, such as post-translational modification inhibitors (like protein arginine deiminase inhibitors), RNA interference by siRNA, epigenetic drugs, peptide therapy, etc., specifically in macrophages, neutrophils, Treg cells and dendritic cells (DCs). As the target cells are specific, ensuring targeted delivery is also equally important, which can be achieved with the advent of nanotechnology. Furthermore, these nanocarriers have fewer off-site side effects, enable drug combinations, and allow for lower drug dosages. Among the nanoparticles that can be used for targeting, there are both inorganic and organic nanomaterials such as solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, hydrogels, dendrimers, and biomimetics that have been discussed. This review highlights contemporary therapy options targeting macrophages, neutrophils, Treg cells, and DCs and explores the application of diverse nanotechnological techniques to enhance precision RA therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Laha
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Simran Nasra
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382055, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
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Ren S, Xu Y, Dong X, Mu Q, Chen X, Yu Y, Su G. Nanotechnology-empowered combination therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: principles, strategies, and challenges. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:431. [PMID: 39034407 PMCID: PMC11265020 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with multifactorial etiology and intricate pathogenesis. In RA, repeated monotherapy is frequently associated with inadequate efficacy, drug resistance, and severe side effects. Therefore, a shift has occurred in clinical practice toward combination therapy. However, conventional combination therapy encounters several hindrances, including low selectivity to arthritic joints, short half-lives, and varying pharmacokinetics among coupled drugs. Emerging nanotechnology offers an incomparable opportunity for developing advanced combination therapy against RA. First, it allows for co-delivering multiple drugs with augmented physicochemical properties, targeted delivery capabilities, and controlled release profiles. Second, it enables therapeutic nanomaterials development, thereby expanding combination regimens to include multifunctional nanomedicines. Lastly, it facilitates the construction of all-in-one nanoplatforms assembled with multiple modalities, such as phototherapy, sonodynamic therapy, and imaging. Thus, nanotechnology offers a promising solution to the current bottleneck in both RA treatment and diagnosis. This review summarizes the rationale, advantages, and recent advances in nano-empowered combination therapy for RA. It also discusses safety considerations, drug-drug interactions, and the potential for clinical translation. Additionally, it provides design tips and an outlook on future developments in nano-empowered combination therapy. The objective of this review is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying combination therapy for RA and unlock the maximum potential of nanotechnology, thereby facilitating the smooth transition of research findings from the laboratory to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, PR China
| | - Yuhang Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, PR China
| | - Xingpeng Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, PR China
| | - Qingxin Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, PR China.
| | - Yanyan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, PR China.
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, PR China.
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Li X, Peng X, Zoulikha M, Boafo GF, Magar KT, Ju Y, He W. Multifunctional nanoparticle-mediated combining therapy for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:1. [PMID: 38161204 PMCID: PMC10758001 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining existing drug therapy is essential in developing new therapeutic agents in disease prevention and treatment. In preclinical investigations, combined effect of certain known drugs has been well established in treating extensive human diseases. Attributed to synergistic effects by targeting various disease pathways and advantages, such as reduced administration dose, decreased toxicity, and alleviated drug resistance, combinatorial treatment is now being pursued by delivering therapeutic agents to combat major clinical illnesses, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, myocarditis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Combinatorial therapy involves combining or co-delivering two or more drugs for treating a specific disease. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery systems, i.e., liposomal NPs, polymeric NPs and nanocrystals, are of great interest in combinatorial therapy for a wide range of disorders due to targeted drug delivery, extended drug release, and higher drug stability to avoid rapid clearance at infected areas. This review summarizes various targets of diseases, preclinical or clinically approved drug combinations and the development of multifunctional NPs for combining therapy and emphasizes combinatorial therapeutic strategies based on drug delivery for treating severe clinical diseases. Ultimately, we discuss the challenging of developing NP-codelivery and translation and provide potential approaches to address the limitations. This review offers a comprehensive overview for recent cutting-edge and challenging in developing NP-mediated combination therapy for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Xiuju Peng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Makhloufi Zoulikha
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - George Frimpong Boafo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Kosheli Thapa Magar
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Yanmin Ju
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China.
| | - Wei He
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
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Chen R, Zhou D, Chen Y, Chen M, Shuai Z. Understanding the role of exosomal lncRNAs in rheumatic diseases: a review. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16434. [PMID: 38107573 PMCID: PMC10725171 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases, a group of diseases whose etiology is still unclear, are thought to be related to genetic and environmental factors, leading to complex pathogenesis. Based on their multi-system involvement, the diagnosis and treatment continue to face huge challenges. Whole-genome assays provide a distinct direction for understanding the underlying mechanisms of such diseases. Exosomes, nano-sized bilayer membrane vesicles secreted by cells, are mentioned as a key element in the physiological and pathological processes of the body. These exosomes mediate biologically active substances, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and deliver them to cells. Notably, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a unique class of non-coding RNAs, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. However, the mechanism needs to be further explored. This article provided a comprehensive review of the findings on exosomal lncRNAs in rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune liver diseases, primary dermatomyositis, and systemic sclerosis. Through in-depth understanding of these lncRNAs and their involved signaling pathways provide new theoretical supports for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dongqing Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yangfan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
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Mashaal K, Shabbir A, Shahzad M, Mobashar A, Akhtar T, Fatima T, Riaz B, Alharbi R, Fatima A, Alanezi AA, Ahmad A. Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Fragaria nubicola (Wild Strawberry) via Attenuation of Inflammatory Mediators in Sprague Dawley Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1917. [PMID: 38003966 PMCID: PMC10672992 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fragaria nubicola has never been evaluated scientifically for its anti-arthritic potential despite its use in folkloric systems of medicine. The research was conducted to assess the potential of F. nubicola against rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and Methods: The current study provided scientific evidence by evaluating the effects of plants using an in vivo CFA-induced model of arthritic rats and subsequent microscopic histopathological evaluation of ankle joints along with the determination of paw edema using a digital water displacement plethysmometer. The study also gave insight by determining levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase enzymes (MMPs), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and biochemical and hematological parameters. GCMS analysis was also conducted for the identification of possible anti-inflammatory plant constituents. Results: The data showed that F. nubicola-treated groups attenuated the progression of arthritis and paw edema. Microscopic histopathological evaluation validated the anti-arthritic potential by showing amelioration of bone erosion, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and pannus formation. RT-PCR analysis displayed that treatment with F. nubicola down-regulated IL1β, IL6, TNFα, NF-κB, VEGF, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 levels. Moreover, ELISA exhibited a reduction in levels of PGE2 levels in treatment groups. The levels of RBCs, platelets, WBCs, and Hb content were found to be nearly similar to negative control in the treated group. Statistically, a non-significant difference was found when all groups were compared for urea, creatinine, ALT, and AST analysis, indicating the safety of plant extract and fractions at test doses. GCMS analysis of extract and fractions showed the existence of many anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phytochemicals. Conclusion: In conclusion, F. nubicola possessed anti-arthritic properties that might be attributed to the amelioration of MMPs and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Mashaal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Arham Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Aisha Mobashar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Tabinda Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bushra Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Rana Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Afreen Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdulkareem A. Alanezi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
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Kumari A, Kaur A, Aggarwal G. The emerging potential of siRNA nanotherapeutics in treatment of arthritis. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100845. [PMID: 37881798 PMCID: PMC10594572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) using small interfering RNA (siRNA) has shown potential as a therapeutic option for the treatment of arthritis by silencing specific genes. However, siRNA delivery faces several challenges, including stability, targeting, off-target effects, endosomal escape, immune response activation, intravascular degradation, and renal clearance. A variety of nanotherapeutics like lipidic nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles have been developed to improve siRNA cellular uptake, protect it from degradation, and enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Researchers are also investigating chemical modifications and bioconjugation to reduce its immunogenicity. This review discusses the potential of siRNA nanotherapeutics as a therapeutic option for various immune-mediated diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. siRNA nanotherapeutics have shown an upsurge of interest and the future looks promising for such interdisciplinary approach-based modalities that combine the principles of molecular biology, nanotechnology, and formulation sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Kumari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Amanpreet Kaur
- Centre for Advanced Formulation Technology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi 110017, India
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Centre for Advanced Formulation Technology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi 110017, India
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
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Huang J, Dai M, He M, Bu W, Cao L, Jing J, Cao R, Zhang H, Men K. Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis by Cationic Liposome Delivered NLRP3 siRNA. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4647-4662. [PMID: 37605735 PMCID: PMC10440093 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s413149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is related to the occurrence and development of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the ideal drug and delivery system remain important factors limiting the targeting of NLRP3 inflammasome in UC therapy. Gene therapy by delivering siRNA is effective in treating various diseases. Therefore, delivering siNLRP3 using an ideal vector for UC treatment is necessary. Materials and Methods Nanoparticles delivering siNLRP3 were developed based on cationic liposome (CLP/siNLRP3). Their ability to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation was monitored using Western blot (WB) and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The ASC oligomerization in LPS-primed peritoneal macrophages (PMs) was detected by WB and immunofluorescence. Moreover, we assessed the role of CLP/siNLRP3 on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC by examining NLRP3 levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, and disease-associated index (DAI). Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the contents of macrophages and T cells. Finally, we assessed the safety of CLP/siNLRP3. Results The prepared CLP was spherical, with a small particle size (94 nm) and low permeability. The CLP could efficiently protect siNLRP3 from degradation and then deliver siNLRP3 into PMs, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Also, the CLP/siNLRP3 could inhibit the secretion of mature IL-1β and IL-18 from PMs, thereby achieving a favorable anti-inflammation effect. In vivo, CLP/siNLRP3 could effectively alleviate intestinal injury in UC mice, which was attributed to down-regulating levels of IL-1β and IL-18, inhibiting infiltration of macrophages and other immune cells, and the polarization of M1 macrophages. Finally, pathological testing of tissue sections and blood biochemical tests showed no significant toxic effects of CLP/siNLRP3. Conclusion We introduced a prospective approach for the efficient delivery of siRNA in vitro and in vivo with high safety and stability, which was found to have great potential in treating NLRP3-driven diseases in an RNA-silencing manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Dai
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxia He
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weicheng Bu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwen Cao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Jing
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Run Cao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Men
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610044, People’s Republic of China
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Balendran T, Lim K, Hamilton JA, Achuthan AA. Targeting transcription factors for therapeutic benefit in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196931. [PMID: 37457726 PMCID: PMC10339812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes pain and disability. Many of the currently available drugs for treating RA patients are aimed at halting the progression of the disease and alleviating inflammation. Further, some of these treatment options have drawbacks, including disease recurrence and adverse effects due to long-term use. These inefficiencies have created a need for a different approach to treating RA. Recently, the focus has shifted to direct targeting of transcription factors (TFs), as they play a vital role in the pathogenesis of RA, activating key cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and enzymes. In light of this, synthetic drugs and natural compounds are being explored to target key TFs or their signaling pathways in RA. This review discusses the role of four key TFs in inflammation, namely NF-κB, STATs, AP-1 and IRFs, and their potential for being targeted to treat RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thivya Balendran
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Keith Lim
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - John A. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrian A. Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Negi S, Tandel N, Sharma P, Kumar R, Tyagi RK. Aceclofenac and methotrexate combination therapy could influence Th1/Th17 axis to modulate rheumatoid-arthritis-induced inflammation. Drug Discov Today 2023:103671. [PMID: 37330038 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory, autoimmune and connective-tissue arthropathy. The methotrexate (MTX) and aceclofenac (ACL) combination drug regimen is known to regulate the immunological pathways. Also, RA-elicited inflammation is decreased by the combination drug treatment. ACL and MTX combination treatment has been shown to regulate the signaling pathway controlled by NF-κB and FOXO1. The present manuscript reviews the importance of the combination drug regimen to treat and/or manage RA. The combination drug regimen could affect the Th1/Th17 axis to switch the balance toward the immunoregulatory (Th1) phenotype for establishing immune homeostasis. In conclusion, we propose the study of the immunological signaling pathways in experimental humanized RA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Negi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sec-39A, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Nikunj Tandel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG highway, Ahmedabad-382481, India
| | - Prakriti Sharma
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sec-39A, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Rajinder Kumar
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sec-39A, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Rajeev K Tyagi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sec-39A, Chandigarh-160036, India.
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11
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Afrasiabi S, Chiniforush N, Partoazar A, Goudarzi R. The role of bacterial infections in rheumatoid arthritis development and novel therapeutic interventions: Focus on oral infections. J Clin Lab Anal 2023:e24897. [PMID: 37225674 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents a primary public health challenge, which is a major source of pain, disability, and socioeconomic effects worldwide. Several factors contribute to its pathogenesis. Infections are an important concern in RA patients, which play a key role in mortality risk. Despite major advances in the clinical treatment of RA, long-term use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs can cause serious adverse effects. Therefore, effective strategies for developing novel prevention and RA-modifying therapeutic interventions are sorely needed. OBJECTIVE This review investigates the available evidence on the interplay between various bacterial infections, particularly oral infections and RA, and focuses on some potential interventions such as probiotics, photodynamic therapy, nanotechnology, and siRNA that can have therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Afrasiabi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Partoazar
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Goudarzi
- Division of Research and Development, Pharmin USA, LLC, San Jose, California, USA
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12
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Zhou M, Tan W, Hasimu H, Liu J, Gu Z, Zhao J. Euphorbium total triterpenes improve Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis through PI3K/AKT/Bax and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116146. [PMID: 36610673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euphorbium is the resinous secretion of Euphorbia resinifera Berg. According to the record, Euphorbium was first used by Roman doctors to treat the emperor's joint pain. In China, it is applied in folk medicine to treat damp-cold or mucous diseases, such as arthralgia and ascites, etc. This herb is used for rheumatoid arthritis and skin tumors in the folklore of northeastern Brazil. Triterpenes are mainly characteristic constituents of Euphorbium, and possibly possess anti-rheumatoid arthritis. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the preventive effect of Euphorbium total triterpenes (TTE) on Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis in rats and its mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS TTE was extracted and isolated from Euphorbium, and its components were analyzed by HPLC. The safety of TTE was evaluated by an acute toxicity test in mice. Arthritis was induced in rats by injecting 0.2 mL FCA into the right hind paw toe, except for the control group, which was given the same volume of physiological saline. Tripterygium Glycosides (TG, 7.5 mg/kg) and TTE (32, 64 and 128 mg/kg) were administered by gavage for 30 days. Body weights, paw swelling, and arthritic scores were measured during the experiment process. After 30 days, blood and joints were harvested to determine various indicators of arthritis. RESULTS The contents of euphol and euphorbol in TTE were 47.03% and 18.77% respectively, and the maximal feasible dose of TTE in mice is 12 g/kg. The experimental results showed that arthritis indicators in rats deteriorated after FCA inducement compared with the control group. After treatment with TTE, the swelling degree and histopathological change of the hind paws in rats were significantly improved as well as arthritic score; the serum TNF-α, CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and RF levels in rats were significantly reduced; The expression of PI3K, AKT, P-AKT, Bcl-2, NF-κB, NLRP3 and Pro-caspase-1 protein in joint tissue were down-regulated, and the expression of Bax protein was up-regulated. CONCLUSION The results suggested that TTE possessed anti-arthritis effects, and its mechanism may be related to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, as well as regulation of PI3K/AKT/Bax and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojie Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Hamulati Hasimu
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830013, China.
| | - Zhengyi Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Urumqi, 830004, China.
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13
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Xiao C, Guan Y, Gao Z, Huang W. Research Advances in Nucleic Acid Delivery System for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1237. [PMID: 37111722 PMCID: PMC10145518 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the lives of nearly 1% of the total population worldwide. With the understanding of RA, more and more therapeutic drugs have been developed. However, lots of them possess severe side effects, and gene therapy may be a potential method for RA treatment. A nanoparticle delivery system is vital for gene therapy, as it can keep the nucleic acids stable and enhance the efficiency of transfection in vivo. With the development of materials science, pharmaceutics and pathology, more novel nanomaterials and intelligent strategies are applied to better and safer gene therapy for RA. In this review, we first summarized the existing nanomaterials and active targeting ligands used for RA gene therapy. Then, we introduced various gene delivery systems for RA treatment, which may enlighten the relevant research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Congcong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Youyan Guan
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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14
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Jie SS, Sun HJ, Liu JX, Gao Y, Bai D, Zhu LL, Zhao HY, Zeng H, Ma YL. Simiao Yong'an decoction ameliorates murine collagen-induced arthritis by modulating neutrophil activities: An in vitro and in vivo study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116119. [PMID: 36596398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic autoimmune disease with high morbidity and disability rate. Currently, there is no effective allopathic treatment for RA, and most of the drugs provoke many adverse effects. Simiao Yong'an decoction (SMYAD) is a traditional Chinese prescription for the treatment of sore and gangrene caused by hot poison. With the development of pharmacology and clinical research, SMYAD has remarkable anti-inflammatory properties and has been used for RA treatments for years. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effect of SMYAD and further explore the immunopharmacological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by two-time immunizations. Collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) mice were divided into 4 groups: control, model, methotrexate (MTX), and SMYAD group (n = 6). The administration groups were given MTX (0.5 mg/kg/3 d) and SMYAD (4.5 g/kg/d) by gavage from day 14. The arthritis index (AI) score was evaluated every 3 days after the second immunization. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Safranin-O fast green staining, Trap staining, and Micro-CT were used to measure the histopathology injuries and bone destruction of joints. Granulocyte changes in the spleen, bone marrow, and period blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in joints were detected by qRT-PCR. SMYAD-containing serum was obtained from SD rats gavaged with SMYAD. Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood and bone marrow for the in vitro experiments of transwell cell assay, apoptosis assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. RESULTS SMYAD significantly relieved arthritis severity in CIA mice. The AI score was significantly decreased in the SMYAD group compared with the model group. Additionally, SMYAD alleviated inflammatory infiltration, cartilage damage, osteoclast formation, and bone damage in the ankle joints. In the flow cytometry assay, SMYAD significantly reduced granulocytes number in the spleen and bone marrow, while increased in peripheral blood. Furthermore, compared with the CIA group, SMYAD suppressed the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, and IL-8 in the inflamed joints. In the in vitro studies, 20% SMYAD-containing serum effectively inhibited the migration of neutrophils, promoted neutrophils apoptosis, reduced ROS production and NETs formation. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results demonstrated that SMYAD effectively restrained arthritis in CIA mice by modulating neutrophil activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Jie
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hui-Juan Sun
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Dong Bai
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Liu-Luan Zhu
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Ya-Luan Ma
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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15
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Shen Q, Du Y. A comprehensive review of advanced drug delivery systems for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122698. [PMID: 36754181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disease, is characterized by articular pain and swelling, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage and bone destruction. Conventional treatment strategies for RA involve the use of anti-rheumatic drugs, which warrant high-dose, frequent, and long-term administration, resulting in serious adverse effects and poor patient compliance. To overcome these problems and improve clinical efficacy, drug delivery systems (DDS) have been designed for RA treatment. These systems have shown success in animal models of RA. In this review, representative DDS that target RA through passive or active effects on inflammatory cells are discussed and highlighted using examples. In particular, DDS allowing controlled and targeted drug release based on a variety of stimuli, intra-articular DDS, and transdermal DDS for RA treatment are described. Thus, this review provides an improved understanding of these DDS and paves the way for the development of novel DDS for efficient RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiying Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yu-HangTang Road, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-HangTang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-HangTang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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16
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Jogdeo CM, Panja S, Kanvinde S, Kapoor E, Siddhanta K, Oupický D. Advances in Lipid-Based Codelivery Systems for Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202400. [PMID: 36453542 PMCID: PMC10023350 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy targeting multiple therapeutic targets is a favorable strategy to achieve better therapeutic outcomes in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Codelivery is a subfield of drug delivery that aims to achieve combined delivery of diverse therapeutic cargoes within the same delivery system, thereby ensuring delivery to the same site and providing an opportunity to tailor the release kinetics as desired. Among the wide range of materials being investigated in the design of codelivery systems, lipids have stood out on account of their low toxicity, biocompatibility, and ease of formulation scale-up. This review highlights the advances of the last decade in lipid-based codelivery systems focusing on the codelivery of drug-drug, drug-nucleic acid, nucleic acid-nucleic acid, and protein therapeutic-based combinations for targeted therapy in cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay M. Jogdeo
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sudipta Panja
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shrey Kanvinde
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ekta Kapoor
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kasturi Siddhanta
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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17
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Logesh K, Raj B, Bhaskaran M, Thirumaleshwar S, Gangadharappa H, Osmani R, Asha Spandana K. Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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18
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Chen Y, Su W, Tie S, Cui W, Yu X, Zhang L, Hua Z, Tan M. Orally deliverable sequence-targeted astaxanthin nanoparticles for colitis alleviation. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121976. [PMID: 36566552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Orally targeted strategy of anti-inflammatory agents has attracted tremendous attention for reducing highly health-care costs and enhancing the intervention efficiency of ulcerative colitis (UC). Herein, we developed a new kind of sequence-targeted astaxanthin nanoparticles for UC treatment. Astaxanthin nanoparticles were firstly designed by self-assembly method using (3-carboxypentyl) (triphenyl) phosphonium bromide (TPP)-modified whey protein isolate (WPI)-dextran (DX) conjugates. Subsequently, lipoic acid (LA) modified hyaluronic acid (HA) was coated on the surface of the nanoparticles by double emulsion evaporation method. Exhilaratingly, the constructed sequence-targeted astaxanthin nanoparticle exhibited excellent macrophages and mitochondria targeting ability, with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.84 adstnd 0.92, respectively. In vivo imaging elucidated an obvious accumulation of the sequence-targeted nanoparticles in colon tissues in UC mice. Meanwhile, the reduction stimulus release features of astaxanthin were observed in the presence of 10 mM of glutathione (GSH) at pH 7.4. Most importantly, in vivo experiments indicated that sequence-targeted astaxanthin nanoparticles could markedly alleviate inflammation by moderating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. What's more, the composition of gut microbiota and the production of short chain fatty acid were also improved upon the uptake of sequence-targeted astaxanthin nanoparticles. Our results suggested this novel astaxanthin nanoparticles, which showed sequence-targeted ability and reduction response feature, could be exploited as a promising strategy for effective UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Chen
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanshan Tie
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Weina Cui
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Zheng Hua
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China.
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Nguyen NT, Kim J, Le XT, Lee WT, Lee ES, Oh KT, Choi HG, Youn YS. Amplified Fenton-Based Oxidative Stress Utilizing Ultraviolet Upconversion Luminescence-Fueled Nanoreactors for Apoptosis-Strengthened Ferroptosis Anticancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:382-401. [PMID: 36579941 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging anticancer strategy, ferroptosis has recently been developed in combination with current therapeutic modalities to overcome the existing limitations of conventional therapies. Herein, an ultraviolet (UV) upconversion luminescence-fueled nanoreactor is explored to combine ferroptosis and apoptosis through the UV-catalyzed Fenton reaction of an iron supplement (ferric ammonium citrate) loaded in a mesoporous silica layer in addition to the support of a chemotherapeutic agent (cisplatin) attached on the functionalized silica surface for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The nanoplatform can circumvent the low penetration depth typical of UV light by upconverting near-infrared irradiation and emitting UV photons that convert Fe3+ to Fe2+ to boost the generation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH), causing devastating lipid peroxidation. Apart from DNA damage-induced apoptosis, cisplatin can also catalyze Fenton-based therapy by its abundant production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). As a bioinspired lipid membrane, the folate receptor-targeted liposome as the coating layer offers high biocompatibility and colloidal stability for the upconversion nanoparticles, in addition to prevention of the premature release of encapsulated hydrophilic compounds, before driving the nanoformulation to the target tumor site. As a result, superior antitumor efficacy has been observed in a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model with negligible side effects, suggesting that such a nanoformulation could play a pivotal role in effective apoptosis-strengthened ferroptosis TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Juho Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan Thien Le
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Tak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
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20
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Chintapula U, Chikate T, Sahoo D, Kieu A, Guerrero Rodriguez ID, Nguyen KT, Trott D. Immunomodulation in age-related disorders and nanotechnology interventions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1840. [PMID: 35950266 PMCID: PMC9840662 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the aging population has increased exponentially around the globe bringing more challenges to improve quality of life in those populations while reducing the economic burden on healthcare systems. Aging is associated with changes in the immune system culminating in detrimental effects such as immune dysfunction, immunosenescence, and chronic inflammation. Age-related decline of immune functions is associated with various pathologies including cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases to name a few. Conventional treatment addresses the onset of age-related diseases by early detection of risk factors, administration of vaccines as preventive care, immunomodulatory treatment, and other dietary supplements. However, these approaches often come with systemic side-effects, low bioavailability of therapeutic agents, and poor outcomes seen in the elderly. Recent innovations in nanotechnology have led to the development of novel biomaterials/nanomaterials, which explore targeted drug delivery and immunomodulatory interactions in vivo. Current nanotechnology-based immunomodulatory approaches that have the potential to be used as therapeutic interventions for some prominent age-related diseases are discussed here. Finally, we explore challenges and future aspects of nanotechnology in the treatments of age-related disorders to improve quality of life in the elderly. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tanmayee Chikate
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Deepsundar Sahoo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Amie Kieu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | | | - Kytai T. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Trott
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
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Zheng K, Bai J, Yang H, Xu Y, Pan G, Wang H, Geng D. Nanomaterial-assisted theranosis of bone diseases. Bioact Mater 2022; 24:263-312. [PMID: 36632509 PMCID: PMC9813540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases refer to a group of skeletal disorders that are characterized by bone and cartilage destruction. Conventional approaches can regulate bone homeostasis to a certain extent. However, these therapies are still associated with some undesirable problems. Fortunately, recent advances in nanomaterials have provided unprecedented opportunities for diagnosis and therapy of bone-related diseases. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of current advanced theranostic nanomaterials in bone-related diseases. First, the potential utility of nanomaterials for biological imaging and biomarker detection is illustrated. Second, nanomaterials serve as therapeutic delivery platforms with special functions for bone homeostasis regulation and cellular modulation are highlighted. Finally, perspectives in this field are offered, including current key bottlenecks and future directions, which may be helpful for exploiting nanomaterials with novel properties and unique functions. This review will provide scientific guidance to enhance the development of advanced nanomaterials for the diagnosis and therapy of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author.Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Nasra S, Bhatia D, Kumar A. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3479-3494. [PMID: 36134349 PMCID: PMC9400644 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has increasingly emerged as a promising tool for exploring new approaches, from treating complex conditions to early detection of the onset of multiple disease states. Tailored designer nanoparticles can now more comprehensively interact with their cellular targets and various pathogens due to a similar size range and tunable surface properties. The basic goal of drug delivery is to employ pharmaceuticals only where they are needed, with as few adverse effects and off-target consequences as possible. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory illness that leads to progressive loss of bone and cartilage, resulting in acute impairment, decreased life expectancy, and increased death rates. Recent advancements in treatment have significantly slowed the progression of the disease and improved the lives of many RA sufferers. Some patients, on the other hand, attain or maintain illness remission without needing to continue immunosuppressive therapy. Furthermore, a large percentage of patients do not respond to current treatments or acquire tolerance to them. As a result, novel medication options for RA therapy are still needed. Nanocarriers, unlike standard medications, are fabricated to transport drugs directly to the location of joint inflammation, evading systemic and negative effects. As a result, researchers are reconsidering medicines that were previously thought to be too hazardous for systemic delivery. This article gives an overview of contemporary nanotechnology-based tactics for treating rheumatoid arthritis, as well as how the nanotherapeutic regimen could be enhanced in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Nasra
- Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus Navrangpura Ahmedabad Gujarat India +91796191127
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Gandhinagar Palaj 382355 Gujarat India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus Navrangpura Ahmedabad Gujarat India +91796191127
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23
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The Peptide/Antibody-Based Surface Decoration of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Carrying siRNA Influences the p65 NF-κB Protein Expression in Inflamed Cells In Vitro. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071571. [PMID: 35884877 PMCID: PMC9313450 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies with nanoparticles carrying siRNA were restricted to investigating the inhibition of target-specific protein expression, while almost ignoring effects related to the nanoparticle composition. Here, we demonstrate how the design and surface decoration of nanoparticles impact the p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expression in inflamed leucocytes and endothelial cells in vitro. We prepared silica-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles carrying encapsulated siRNA against p65 NF-κB and surface-decorated with peptides or antibodies. We show that RGD-decorated nanoparticles are efficient in down-regulating p65 NF-κB protein expression in endothelial cells as a result of an enhanced specific cellular binding and subsequent uptake of nanoparticles. In contrast, nanoparticles decorated with IgG (whether specific or not for CD69) are efficient in down-regulating p65 NF-κB protein expression in T-cells, but not in B-cells. Thus, an optimized nanoparticle decoration with xenogenic IgG may stimulate a specific cellular uptake. In summary, the composition of siRNA-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles can either weaken or stimulate p65 NF-κB protein expression in targeted inflamed leucocytes and endothelial cells. In general, unveiling such interactions may be very useful for the future design of anti-p65 siRNA-based nanomedicines for treatment of inflammation-associated diseases.
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Li C, Zheng X, Hu M, Jia M, Jin R, Nie Y. Recent progress in therapeutic strategies and biomimetic nanomedicines for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:883-898. [PMID: 35760767 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2094364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune systemic disease in which inflammatory and immune cells accumulate in inflamed joints. Researchers aimed at the characteristics of RA to achieve the effect of treating RA through different therapeutic strategies, and have used various endogenous materials to design drug-loaded nanoparticles that can target RA by binding to cell adhesion molecules or chemokines. In some cases, the nanoparticles can respond to the characteristics of the microenvironment. AREAS COVERED This article reviews the recent advances in the treatment of RA from two aspects of therapeutic strategies and delivery strategies. Therapeutic strategies mainly include neutralization of inflammatory factors, promotion of inflammatory cell apoptosis, ROS scavenger, immunosuppression, and bone tissue repair. The drug delivery strategy is mainly described from two aspects: chemically functionalized biomimetic nanoparticles and endogenous nanoparticles. EXPERT OPINION Biomimetic NPs may be effective drug carriers for targeted RA treatment. NPs can reduce the clearance of mononuclear phagocytes, prolong the blood circulation time, and improve the targeting ability. With the deepening of research, more and more biomimetic NPs have entered the clinical trial stage. However, safe and scalable preparation methods are needed to improve their clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiu Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Pharmacy Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Rongrong Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yu Nie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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25
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López-Armada MJ, Fernández-Rodríguez JA, Blanco FJ. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061151. [PMID: 35740048 PMCID: PMC9220001 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress could provide new targets for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in the treatment of chronic inflammation or any pathology that develops under an inflammatory scenario, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increasing evidence has demonstrated the role of mitochondrial alterations in autoimmune diseases mainly due to the interplay between metabolism and innate immunity, but also in the modulation of inflammatory response of resident cells, such as synoviocytes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction derived from several danger signals could activate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) disruption, thereby favoring a vicious cycle of oxidative/mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction can act through modulating innate immunity via redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways or direct activation of the inflammasome. Besides, mitochondria also have a central role in regulating cell death, which is deeply altered in RA. Additionally, multiple evidence suggests that pathological processes in RA can be shaped by epigenetic mechanisms and that in turn, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation. Finally, we will discuss about the involvement of some dietary components in the onset and progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José López-Armada
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
| | - Jennifer Adriana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, Universidade da Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
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26
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Liu S, Cao Y, Ma L, Sun J, Ramos-Mucci L, Ma Y, Yang X, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Xiao B. Oral antimicrobial peptide-EGCG nanomedicines for synergistic treatment of ulcerative colitis. J Control Release 2022; 347:544-560. [PMID: 35580812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with severe inflammation, damaged colonic barriers, increased oxidative stress, and intestinal dysbiosis. The majority of current medications strive to alleviate inflammation but fail to target additional disease pathologies. Addressing multiple symptoms using a single 'magic bullet' remains a challenge. To overcome this, a smart epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-loaded silk fibroin-based nanoparticle (NP) with the surface functionalization of antimicrobial peptides (Cathelicidin-BF, CBF) was constructed, which were internalized by Colon-26 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages with high efficiencies. These CBF-EGCG-NPs efficiently restored colonic epithelial barriers by relieving oxidative stress and promoting epithelium migration. They also alleviated immune responses through the downregulation of pro-inflammatory factors, upregulation of anti-inflammatory factors, M2 macrophage polarization, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) elimination. Interestingly, oral administration of hydrogel (chitosan/alginate)-embedding CBF-EGCG-NPs could not only retard progression and treat UC, but also modulate intestinal microbiota by increasing their overall diversity and richness and augmenting the abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Firmicutes and Lactobacillaceae). Our work provides a "many birds with one stone" strategy for addressing UC symptoms using a single NP-based oral platform that targets immune microenvironment modulation, LPS clearance, and microbial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lingli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianfeng Sun
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ramos-Mucci
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Ya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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27
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Liu Q, Zhou M, Wang K, Wang Y, Nie J, Gui S, Peng D, He Z, Li Z. Emerging nanotherapeutics alleviating rheumatoid arthritis by readjusting the seeds and soils. J Control Release 2022; 345:851-879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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28
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Shi H, Li S, Geng Y, Fan H, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Pan J, Song G, Ge L, Xie T, Wang L. Euphorbia factor L3 ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing the inflammatory response by targeting Rac family small GTPase 1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10984-10997. [PMID: 35475473 PMCID: PMC9208460 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2066761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia factor L3 (EFL3) is extracted from Euphorbia lathyris and is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. This study focused on the potential anti-inflammatory and therapeutic effects of EFL3 on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and arthritis animal models. Functional analysis showed that EFL3 could ameliorate the inflammatory phenotype of FLSs derived from RA patients, as evidenced by the decreases in cell viability, migration, invasion and cytokine production. Luciferase activity, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that EFL3 inhibited the nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit and the subsequent activation of the nuclear factor kappa-Β (NF-κB) pathway. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects of EFL3 against arthritic progression were evidenced by decreases in joint swelling, arthritis scores, inflammatory factor production, synovial hyperplasia, and bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) transgenic (TNF-tg) mouse models. Molecular analysis identified Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1) as the potential target that was required for EFL3-mediated suppression of the inflammatory RA FLS phenotype. In summary, this study uncovered the therapeutic potential of EFL3 in RA, which suggests its future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojun Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Geng
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huancai Fan
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, NHC Key Laboratory of biotechnology drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruojia Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, NHC Key Laboratory of biotechnology drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuang Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, NHC Key Laboratory of biotechnology drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, NHC Key Laboratory of biotechnology drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guanhua Song
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Luna Ge
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, NHC Key Laboratory of biotechnology drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianhua Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, NHC Key Laboratory of biotechnology drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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29
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Xiang C, Liao Y, Chen Z, Xiao B, Zhao Z, Li A, Xia Y, Wang P, Li H, Xiao T. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Ligusticum Chuanxiong Against Osteoarthritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854215. [PMID: 35496280 PMCID: PMC9050356 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease which serious affects patients. Ligusticum chuanxiong (CX) has been shown to have a certain curative effect on osteoarthritis in traditional Chinese medicine therapy. This study is based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to explore the potential mechanism of CX. Methods: Components of CX to treat osteoarthritis were screened in the TCMSP database and targets were predicted by the PharmMapper database, the osteoarthritis targets were collected from the GeneCards database, and intersection genes were found to be the possible targets of CX anti-OA. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were utilized for protein-protein interaction analysis and further screening of core targets. The Metascape database was used for KEGG and GO enrichment analyses. Then, the top 10 pathways were selected to construct “drug-compound-target-pathway-disease” network analysis. Finally, molecular docking was used to analyze the binding affinity of seven compounds with core targets and TNF-α. Results: Seven compounds with 253 non-repetitive targets of CX were screened from the TCMSP database and 60 potential intersection targets of CX anti-OA were found. PPI network analysis showed that the core targets were ALB, AKT1, IGF1, CASP3, MAPK1, ANXA5, and MAPK14, while GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that the relevant biological processes involved in the treatment of osteoarthritis by CX might include the MAPK cascade and reactive oxygen species metabolic process. The KEGG pathway analysis result was mainly associated with the MAPK signaling pathway and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. We further docked seven ingredients with MAPK1 and MAPK14 enriched in the MAPK pathway, and TNF-α as the typical inflammatory cytokine. The results also showed good binding affinity, especially FA, which may be the most important component of CX anti-OA. Conclusion: Our research revealed the potential mechanism of CX in the treatment of OA, and our findings can also pave the way for subsequent basic experimental verification and a new research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yilin Liao
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Chen
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyue Zhao
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aoyu Li
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingxiao Wang
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Li
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li, ; Tao Xiao,
| | - Tao Xiao
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li, ; Tao Xiao,
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30
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Sun P, Su J, Wang X, Zhou M, Zhao Y, Gu H. Nucleic Acids for Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1990-2008. [PMID: 35118863 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that severely affects the life quality of patients. Current therapeutics in clinic mainly focus on alleviating the development of RA or relieving the pain of patients. The emerging biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) require long-term treatment to achieve the expected efficacy. With the development of bionanotechnology, nucleic acids fulfill characters as therapeutics or nanocarriers and can therefore be alternatives to combat RA. This review summarizes the therapeutic RNAs developed through RNA interference (RNAi), nucleic acid aptamers, DNA nanostructures-based drug delivery systems, and nucleic acid vaccines for the applications in RA therapy and diagnosis. Furthermore, prospects of nucleic acids for RA therapy are intensively discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Jingjing Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Mo Zhou
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Hongzhou Gu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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31
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Polymer nanotherapeutics to correct autoimmunity. J Control Release 2022; 343:152-174. [PMID: 34990701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immune system maintains homeostasis and protects the body from pathogens, mutated cells, and other harmful substances. When immune homeostasis is disrupted, excessive autoimmunity will lead to diseases. To inhibit the unexpected immune responses and reduce the impact of treatment on immunoprotective functions, polymer nanotherapeutics, such as nanomedicines, nanovaccines, and nanodecoys, were developed as part of an advanced strategy for precise immunomodulation. Nanomedicines transport cytotoxic drugs to target sites to reduce the occurrence of side effects and increase the stability and bioactivity of various immunomodulating agents, especially nucleic acids and cytokines. In addition, polymer nanomaterials carrying autoantigens used as nanovaccines can induce antigen-specific immune tolerance without interfering with protective immune responses. The precise immunomodulatory function of nanovaccines has broad prospects for the treatment of immune related-diseases. Besides, nanodecoys, which are designed to protect the body from various pathogenic substances by intravenous administration, are a simple and relatively noninvasive treatment. Herein, we have discussed and predicted the application of polymer nanotherapeutics in the correction of autoimmunity, including treating autoimmune diseases, controlling hypersensitivity, and avoiding transplant rejection.
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Tu AB, Lewis JS. Biomaterial-based immunotherapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2371-2393. [PMID: 34414564 PMCID: PMC8376117 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an extremely painful autoimmune disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation leading to the erosion of adjacent cartilage and bone. Rheumatoid arthritis pathology is primarily driven by inappropriate infiltration and activation of immune cells within the synovium of the joint. There is no cure for RA. As such, manifestation of symptoms entails lifelong management via various therapies that aim to generally dampen the immune system or impede the function of immune mediators. However, these treatment strategies lead to adverse effects such as toxicity, general immunosuppression, and increased risk of infection. In pursuit of safer and more efficacious therapies, many emerging biomaterial-based strategies are being developed to improve payload delivery, specific targeting, and dose efficacy, and to mitigate adverse reactions and toxicity. In this review, we highlight biomaterial-based approaches that are currently under investigation to circumvent the limitations of conventional RA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen B Tu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, Davis , CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, Davis , CA, 95616, USA.
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Rahimizadeh P, Rezaieyazdi Z, Behzadi F, Hajizade A, Lim SI. Nanotechnology as a promising platform for rheumatoid arthritis management: Diagnosis, treatment, and treatment monitoring. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121137. [PMID: 34592396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that develops in about 5 per 1000 people. Over the past years, substantial progresses in knowledge of the disease's pathophysiology, effective diagnosis methods, early detection, and efficient treatment strategies have been made. Notably, nanotechnology has emerged as a game-changer in the efficacious management of many diseases, especially for RA. Joint replacement, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), RA diagnosis, and treatment monitoring are nano-based avenues in RA management. Here, we present a brief overview of the pathogenesis of RA, risk factors, conventional diagnostic methods and treatment approaches, and then discuss the role of nanomedicine in RA diagnosis, treatment, and treatment monitoring with an emphasis on functional characteristics distinctive from other RA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastou Rahimizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Behzadi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajizade
- Biology Research Centre, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea.
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Zhang J, Gao F, Xie J. LncRNA linc00152/NF-κB feedback loop promotes fibroblast-like synovial cells inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis via regulating miR-103a/TAK1 axis and YY1 expression. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:681-693. [PMID: 34061447 PMCID: PMC8342216 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overexpressed inflammatory cytokines are the main factors causing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tissue damage and pathological deterioration, and lncRNAs has found to beinvolved in some autoinflammatory diseases. METHODS We designed this study to investigate the effect of lncRNA linc00152 on rheumatoid arthritis inflammation and explore its molecular mechanism. RESULT We found that linc00152 was not only up-regulated in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLS), but also stimulated by TNF-α/IL-1β in adose- and time-dependent manner in RAFLS and this expression depends on the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conversely, linc00152 promoted TNF-α/IL-1β expression in RAFLS induced by TNF-α/IL-1β. In addition, we found that linc00152 promoted TAK1 expression by targeting inhibition of miR-103a and activated TAK1-mediated NF-κB pathway. NF-kB indirectly promotes linc00152 expression by promoting the transcription activity of YY1, and YY1 directly promotes linc00152 expression by binding the promoter of linc00152. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that the linc00152/NF-κB feedback loop promotes RAFLS inflammation via regulating miR-103a/TAK1 axis and YY1 expression. Thus, linc00152 acts as a switch to control this regulatory circuit and may serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyWeihai Municipal HospitalWeihaiShandongChina
| | - Fei‐Fei Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyWeihai Municipal HospitalWeihaiShandongChina
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Out‐PatientWeihai Municipal HospitalWeihaiShandongChina
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Fattal E, Fay F. Nanomedicine-based delivery strategies for nucleic acid gene inhibitors in inflammatory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113809. [PMID: 34033819 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to their abilities to modulate the expression of virtually any genes, RNA therapeutics have attracted considerable research efforts. Among the strategies focusing on nucleic acid gene inhibitors, antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs have reached advanced clinical trial phases with several of them having recently been marketed. These successes were obtained by overcoming stability and cellular delivery issues using either chemically modified nucleic acids or nanoparticles. As nucleic acid gene inhibitors are promising strategies to treat inflammatory diseases, this review focuses on the barriers, from manufacturing issues to cellular/subcellular delivery, that still need to be overcome to deliver the nucleic acids to sites of inflammation other than the liver. Furthermore, key examples of applications in rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel, and lung diseases are presented as case studies of systemic, oral, and lung nucleic acid delivery.
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Li S, Su J, Cai W, Liu JX. Nanomaterials Manipulate Macrophages for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:699245. [PMID: 34335264 PMCID: PMC8316763 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.699245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, and systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by synovial inflammation, synovial lining hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration, autoantibody production, and cartilage/bone destruction. Macrophages are crucial effector cells in the pathological process of RA, which can interact with T, B, and fibroblast-like synovial cells to produce large amounts of cytokines, chemokines, digestive enzymes, prostaglandins, and reactive oxygen species to accelerate bone destruction. Therefore, the use of nanomaterials to target macrophages has far-reaching therapeutic implications for RA. A number of limitations exist in the current clinical therapy for patients with RA, including severe side effects and poor selectivity, as well as the need for frequent administration of therapeutic agents and high doses of medication. These challenges have encouraged the development of targeting drug delivery systems and their application in the treatment of RA. Recently, obvious therapeutic effects on RA were observed following the use of various types of nanomaterials to manipulate macrophages through intravenous injection (active or passive targeting), oral administration, percutaneous absorption, intraperitoneal injection, and intra-articular injection, which offers several advantages, such as high-precision targeting of the macrophages and synovial tissue of the joint. In this review, the mechanisms involved in the manipulation of macrophages by nanomaterials are analyzed, and the prospect of clinical application is also discussed. The objective of this article was to provide a reference for the ongoing research concerning the treatment of RA based on the targeting of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.,College Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jin Su
- College Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
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Białas N, Müller EK, Epple M, Hilger I. Silica-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles for gene silencing of NF-κB p65 by siRNA and their impact on cellular players of inflammation. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121013. [PMID: 34252802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB and its signaling cascade both play key roles in all inflammatory processes. The most critical member of the NF-κB transcription factor family is p65. We investigated the role of cationic silica-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles (spherical, diameter by SEM 50-60 nm; zeta potential about +26 mV; stabilized by polyethyleneimine) carrying encapsulated siRNA against NF-κB p65 and their influence on inflamed cells. The nanoparticles were taken up by cells of the blood compartment involved in the inflammatory response, particularly by monocytes, and to a lesser extent by endothelial cells and B-cells, but not by T-cells. The particles were found in endolysosomes where they were dissolved at low pH and released the siRNA into the cytoplasm. This was confirmed by dissolution experiments of model nanoparticles in simulated endolysosomal medium (pH 4.7) and by intracellular co-localization studies of double-labeled nanoparticles (using a negatively charged model peptide for siRNA). The encapsulated functional siRNA reverted the p65 gene and protein expression in inflamed monocytes, the main cells in immune response and surveillance, almost back to the non-inflammatory condition. Additionally, the nanoparticles suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression profiles (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-β) in inflamed J774A.1 monocytes. Taken together, such nanoparticles can be applied for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataniel Białas
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Elena K Müller
- Dept. of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07740, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany.
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Dept. of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07740, Jena, Germany.
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van Alem CMA, Metselaar JM, van Kooten C, Rotmans JI. Recent Advances in Liposomal-Based Anti-Inflammatory Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071004. [PMID: 34371695 PMCID: PMC8309101 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes can be seen as ideal carriers for anti-inflammatory drugs as their ability to (passively) target sites of inflammation and release their content to inflammatory target cells enables them to increase local efficacy with only limited systemic exposure and adverse effects. Nonetheless, few liposomal formulations seem to reach the clinic. The current review provides an overview of the more recent innovations in liposomal treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, vascular inflammation, and transplantation. Cutting edge developments include the liposomal delivery of gene and RNA therapeutics and the use of hybrid systems where several liposomal bilayer features, or several drugs, are combined in a single formulation. The majority of the articles reviewed here focus on preclinical animal studies where proof-of-principle of an improved efficacy-safety ratio is observed when using liposomal formulations. A few clinical studies are included as well, which brings us to a discussion about the challenges of clinical translation of liposomal nanomedicines in the field of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. A. van Alem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.M.A.v.A.); (C.v.K.)
| | - Josbert M. Metselaar
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Cees van Kooten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.M.A.v.A.); (C.v.K.)
| | - Joris I. Rotmans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.M.A.v.A.); (C.v.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)-7152-62148
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Miyakura H, Fukuda M, Enomoto H, Ishikawa K, Watanabe S, Semba K. A screening system for identifying interacting proteins using biomolecular fluorescence complementation and transposon gene trap. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251240. [PMID: 33989302 PMCID: PMC8121353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have established a new screening system for identifying interacting proteins by combining biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and a transposon gene trap system. This system requires creation of a bait strain that stably expresses a fusion product of part of the fluorescent monomeric Kusabira-Green (mKG) protein to a protein of interest. A PiggyBac transposon vector is then introduced into this strain, and a sequence encoding the remainder of mKG is inserted into the genome and fused randomly with endogenous genes. The binding partner can be identified by isolating cells that fluoresce when BiFC occurs. Using this system, we screened for interactors of p65 (also known as RELA), an NF-κB subunit, and isolated a number of mKG-positive clones. 5′- or 3′-RACE to produce cDNAs encoding mKG-fragment fusion genes and subsequent reconstitution assay identified PKM, HSP90AB1, ANXA2, HSPA8, and CACYBP as p65 interactors. All of these, with the exception of CACYBP, are known regulators of NF-κB. Immunoprecipitation assay confirmed endogenously expressed CACYBP and p65 formed a complex. A reporter assay revealed that CACYBP enhanced 3κB reporter activation under TNFα stimulation. This screening system therefore represents a valuable method for identifying interacting factors that have not been identified by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honami Miyakura
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mei Fukuda
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroya Enomoto
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (JBiC), Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Venkatesh C, Doorneweerd DD, Xia W, Putt KS, Low PS. Folate-targeted verrucarin A reduces the number of activated macrophages in a mouse model of acute peritonitis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 42:128091. [PMID: 33964441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Activated macrophages contribute prominently to the progression and maintenance of almost all inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Although non-specific elimination of these phagocytes has been shown to treat animal models of inflammatory disease, the same therapies have been compromised by unacceptable toxicities, because they also kill quiescent macrophages in healthy tissues. In the studies below, we exploit upregulation of folate receptor beta (FRβ) on inflammatory (but not resting) macrophages to target a cytotoxic drug selectively to the inflammatory subset of macrophages. Because many of these activated macrophages are nondividing, we also employ verrucarin A as the cytotoxic payload, since it kills both mitotic and nonmitotic cells by blocking protein synthesis. By inserting a redox-sensitive self-immolative linker between the folate and verrucarin A, we further assure that release of unmodified verrucarin A is triggered primarily after internalization by an FRβ-positive cell. The resulting folate-verrucarin A conjugate is shown to kill FR-expressing cells in vitro in a manner that can be inhibited by competition with 100-fold excess folic acid. The folate-verrucarin A conjugate is also shown to successfully treat a murine model of inflammatory peritonitis by eliminating inflammatory macrophages without killing other cells in the same peritonitis fluid. Based on this high specificity for inflammatory macrophages, we conclude that folate-verrucarin A warrants continued exploration as a potential therapy for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelvam Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India; Department of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | | | - Wei Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907, USA
| | - Karson S Putt
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907, USA
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907, USA.
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Fan W, Xu Z, Liang S, Zuo S, Bian C, Gao X, Qin Y, Wu J. MLL3 Inhibits Apoptosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Promotes Secretion of Inflammatory Factors by Activating CCL2 and the NF-κB Pathway. Inflammation 2021; 44:1803-1814. [PMID: 33914205 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains the most common inflammatory arthritis and a major cause of disability. This study investigated the mechanism of MLL3 in fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) apoptosis and inflammatory factor secretion in RA. Expression of MLL3 in synovial tissue of RA patients and patients with bone trauma was detected. FLS was isolated and identified by flow cytometry. Expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10 and apoptosis were measured by MTT, flow cytometry, and ELISA. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to detect MLL3 and CCL2 expressions, H3K4me3 level, and NF-κB pathway-related proteins in rat joints. MLL3 was highly expressed in the synovial tissue of RA patients, and silencing MLL3 in FLS-RA promoted apoptosis, inhibited pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 secretion, and promoted anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 secretion. Inhibition of MLL3 suppressed intracellular H3K4me3 and CCL2 expressions. CCL2 activated the NF-κB pathway to promote pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8, inhibit anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and inhibit apoptosis in FLS-RA. Inhibition of MLL3 expression in RA rats reduced joint redness, swelling, and intra-articular inflammation, but increasing H3K4me3 level reversed the ameliorative effects of sh-MLL3 on RA rats. Collectively, MLL3 activated the NF-κB pathway by increasing H3K4me3 modification in the CCL2 promoter region in FLS-RA, thereby inhibiting apoptosis and promoting pro-inflammatory factors of FLS-RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Fan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Zhendan Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Shu Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Shufei Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Caiyue Bian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Yilu Qin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, NO.56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China.
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Feng GN, Huang XT, Jiang XL, Deng TW, Li QX, Li JX, Wu QN, Li SP, Sun XQ, Huang YG, Qin AP, Liang L, Fu JJ. The Antibacterial Effects of Supermolecular Nano-Carriers by Combination of Silver and Photodynamic Therapy. Front Chem 2021; 9:666408. [PMID: 33937203 PMCID: PMC8082423 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.666408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The over-use of antibiotics has promoted multidrug resistance and decreased the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. Thus, it is still in great need to develop efficient treatment strategies to combat the bacteria infection. The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and silver nanoparticles have been emerged as effective antibacterial methods. However, the silver therapy may induce serious damages to human cells at high concentrations and, the bare silver nanoparticles may rapidly aggregate, which would reduce the antibacterial efficacy. The encapsulation of sliver by nano-carrier is a promising way to avoid its aggregation and facilitates the co-delivery of drugs for combination therapy, which does not require high concentration of sliver to exert antibacterial efficacy. This work constructed a self-assembled supermolecular nano-carrier consisting of the photosensitizers (PSs), the anti-inflammatory agent and silver. The synthesized supermolecular nano-carrier produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the exposure of 620-nm laser. It exhibited satisfying biocompatibility in L02 cells. And, this nano-carrier showed excellent antibacterial efficacy in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as indicated by bacterial growth and colony formation. Its antibacterial performance is further validated by the bacteria morphology through the scanning electron microscope (SEM), showing severely damaged structures of bacteria. To summary, the supermolecular nano-carrier TCPP-MTX-Ag-NP combining the therapeutic effects of ROS and silver may serve as a novel strategy of treatment for bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-ning Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-tao Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-lin Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-wei Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiu-xia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-xia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-ni Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song-pei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-qiang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-gang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-ping Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-jun Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Xiao Q, Li X, Li Y, Wu Z, Xu C, Chen Z, He W. Biological drug and drug delivery-mediated immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:941-960. [PMID: 33996408 PMCID: PMC8105778 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation and development of major inflammatory diseases, i.e., cancer, vascular inflammation, and some autoimmune diseases are closely linked to the immune system. Biologics-based immunotherapy is exerting a critical role against these diseases, whereas the usage of the immunomodulators is always limited by various factors such as susceptibility to digestion by enzymes in vivo, poor penetration across biological barriers, and rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. Drug delivery strategies are potent to promote their delivery. Herein, we reviewed the potential targets for immunotherapy against the major inflammatory diseases, discussed the biologics and drug delivery systems involved in the immunotherapy, particularly highlighted the approved therapy tactics, and finally offer perspectives in this field.
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Key Words
- AAs, amino acids
- ACT, adoptive T cell therapy
- AHC, Chlamydia pneumonia
- ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- AP, ascorbyl palmitate
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- AS, atherosclerosis
- ASIT, antigen-specific immunotherapy
- Adoptive cell transfer
- ApoA–I, apolipoprotein A–I
- ApoB LPs, apolipoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins
- Atherosclerosis
- BMPR-II, bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor
- Biologics
- Bregs, regulatory B lymphocytes
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CCR9–CCL25, CC receptor 9–CC chemokine ligand 25
- CD, Crohn's disease
- CETP, cholesterol ester transfer protein
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4
- CX3CL1, CXXXC-chemokine ligand 1
- CXCL 16, CXC-chemokine ligand 16
- CXCR 2, CXC-chemokine receptor 2
- Cancer immunotherapy
- CpG ODNs, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides
- DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DDS, drug delivery system
- DMARDs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
- DMPC, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine
- DSS, dextran sulfate sodium
- Dex, dexamethasone
- Drug delivery
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ECs, endothelial cells
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention effect
- ET-1, endothelin-1
- ETAR, endothelin-1 receptor type A
- FAO, fatty acid oxidation
- GM-CSF, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor-2
- IBD, inflammatory bowel diseases
- ICOS, inducible co-stimulator
- ICP, immune checkpoint
- IFN, interferon
- IL, interleukin
- IT-hydrogel, inflammation-targeting hydrogel
- Immune targets
- Inflammatory diseases
- JAK, Janus kinase
- LAG-3, lymphocyte-activation gene 3
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- LTB4, leukotriene B4
- MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1
- MCT, monocrotaline
- MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell
- MHCs, major histocompatibility complexes
- MHPC, 1-myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-phosphocholine
- MIF, migration inhibitory factor
- MM, multiple myeloma
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MOF, metal–organic framework
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κ-B
- NK, natural killer
- NPs, nanoparticles
- NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- PAECs, pulmonary artery endothelial cells
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PASMCs, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9
- PD-1, programmed death protein-1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death-ligand 1
- PLGA, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
- Pulmonary artery hypertension
- RA, rheumatoid arthritis
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SHP-2, Src homology 2 domain–containing tyrosine phosphatase 2
- SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus
- SMCs, smooth muscle cells
- Src, sarcoma gene
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- TIM-3, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6
- Teff, effector T cell
- Th17, T helper 17
- Tph, T peripheral helper
- Tregs, regulatory T cells
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- VEC, vascular endothelial cadherin
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VISTA, V-domain immunoglobulin-containing suppressor of T-cell activation
- YCs, yeast-derived microcapsules
- bDMARDs, biological DMARDs
- hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure
- nCmP, nanocomposite microparticle
- rHDL, recombinant HDL
- rhTNFRFc, recombinant human TNF-α receptor II-IgG Fc fusion protein
- scFv, single-chain variable fragment
- α1D-AR, α1D-adrenergic receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
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Ferreira-Silva M, Faria-Silva C, Viana Baptista P, Fernandes E, Ramos Fernandes A, Corvo ML. Liposomal Nanosystems in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040454. [PMID: 33801603 PMCID: PMC8065723 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints and results in reduced patient quality of life due to its chronic nature and several comorbidities. RA is also associated with a high socioeconomic burden. Currently, several available therapies minimize symptoms and prevent disease progression. However, more effective treatments are needed due to current therapies' severe side-effects, especially under long-term use. Drug delivery systems have demonstrated their clinical importance-with several nanocarriers present in the market-due to their capacity to improve therapeutic drug index, for instance, by enabling passive or active targeting. The first to achieve market authorization were liposomes that still represent a considerable part of approved delivery systems. In this manuscript, we review the role of liposomes in RA treatment, address preclinical studies and clinical trials, and discuss factors that could hamper a successful clinical translation. We also suggest some alterations that could potentially improve their progression to the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Ferreira-Silva
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.F.-S.); (C.F.-S.)
| | - Catarina Faria-Silva
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.F.-S.); (C.F.-S.)
| | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV, REQUIMTE), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Alexandra Ramos Fernandes
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (A.R.F.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Maria Luísa Corvo
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.F.-S.); (C.F.-S.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.F.); (M.L.C.)
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Cuthbertson CR, Arabzada Z, Bankhead A, Kyani A, Neamati N. A Review of Small-Molecule Inhibitors of One-Carbon Enzymes: SHMT2 and MTHFD2 in the Spotlight. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:624-646. [PMID: 33860190 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a key hallmark of cancer and shifts cellular metabolism to meet the demands of biomass production necessary for abnormal cell reproduction. One-carbon metabolism (1CM) contributes to many biosynthetic pathways that fuel growth and is comprised of a complex network of enzymes. Methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil were pioneering drugs in this field and are still widely used today as anticancer agents as well as for other diseases such as arthritis. Besides dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase, two other enzymes of the folate cycle arm of 1CM have not been targeted clinically: serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD). An increasing body of literature suggests that the mitochondrial isoforms of these enzymes (SHMT2 and MTHFD2) are clinically relevant in the context of cancer. In this review, we focused on the 1CM pathway as a target for cancer therapy and, in particular, SHMT2 and MTHFD2. The function, regulation, and clinical relevance of SHMT2 and MTHFD2 are all discussed. We expand on previous clinical studies and evaluate the prognostic significance of these critical enzymes by performing a pan-cancer analysis of patient data from the The Cancer Genome Atlas and a transcriptional coexpression network enrichment analysis. We also provide an overview of preclinical and clinical inhibitors targeting the folate pathway, the methionine cycle, and folate-dependent purine biosynthesis enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine R Cuthbertson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and the Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Zahra Arabzada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and the Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Armand Bankhead
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Armita Kyani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and the Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and the Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Sharma M, Chaudhary D. Exploration of bromelain laden nanostructured lipid carriers: An oral platform for bromelain delivery in rheumatoid arthritis management. Int J Pharm 2020; 594:120176. [PMID: 33326825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bromelain, a cysteine protease exhibits promising potential in amelioration of wide variety of inflammatory disorders. Its denaturation or aggregation in gastric milieu depletes its therapeutic potential along with unpredictable prophylactic hypersensitivity reactions. Hence, efficient carrier system to improve bromelain's stability and avoid related side effects is of utmost importance. Therefore, present investigation was undertaken to prepare bromelain loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Br-NCs) with high drug loading, stability and efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis management. Br-NCs fabricated via double emulsion solvent evaporation method were characterized for physical properties, morphology and stability. Optimized batch exhibited spherical shape, nanometric size (298.23 nm) and entrapment efficiency ~77% with sustained release behavior and improved gastric stability. Br-NCs exhibited 4.63-folds improvement in shelf-life compared to bromelain at room temperature. The protective potential of orally administered Br-NCs in rheumatoid arthritis was evaluated via assessing arthritis severity in wistar rats along with biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters. Br-NCs remarkably (p < 0.05) diminished paw edema, joint stiffness, mechanical allodynia and tissue damage along with alleviation of oxidative stress and immunological markers. Radiological joint alterations were also notably preserved with Br-NCs. Thus, preclinical studies distinctly manifested that Br-NCs formulation opens new avenue for development of novel effective therapeutic modality for rheumatoid arthritis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India.
| | - Deepika Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India
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Yadav K, Singh D, Singh MR, Pradhan M. Multifaceted targeting of cationic liposomes via co-delivery of anti-IL-17 siRNA and corticosteroid for topical treatment of psoriasis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 145:110322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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STAT3 Differentially Regulates TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Responses in Early or Late Phases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207675. [PMID: 33081347 PMCID: PMC7589049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling is an important therapeutic target to manage lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been identified as an important regulator of various immune-related diseases and has generated interest as a therapeutic target. Here, we investigated the time-dependent roles of STAT3 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. STAT3 inhibition induced expression of the pro-inflammatory genes iNOS and COX-2 at early time points. STAT3 depletion resulted in regulation of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB subunits p50 and p65 and IκBα/Akt/PI3K signaling. Moreover, we found that one Src family kinase, Lyn kinase, was phosphorylated in STAT3 knockout macrophages. In addition to using pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB, we found out that STAT3KO activation of NF-κB subunit p50 and p65 and expression of iNOS was significantly inhibited; furthermore, Akt tyrosine kinase inhibitors also inhibited iNOS and COX-2 gene expression during early time points of LPS stimulation, demonstrating an NF-κB- Akt-dependent mechanism. On the other hand, iNOS expression was downregulated after prolonged treatment with LPS. Activation of NF-κB signaling was also suppressed, and consequently, nitric oxide (NO) production and cell invasion were repressed. Overall, our data indicate that STAT3 differentially regulates early- and late-phase TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses.
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Rao Y, Fang Y, Tan W, Liu D, Pang Y, Wu X, Zhang C, Li G. Delivery of Long Non-coding RNA NEAT1 by Peripheral Blood Monouclear Cells-Derived Exosomes Promotes the Occurrence of Rheumatoid Arthritis via the MicroRNA-23a/MDM2/SIRT6 Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:551681. [PMID: 33042992 PMCID: PMC7517357 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.551681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has pointed out the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in multiple diseases, the knowledge of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated lncRNAs remains limited. In this present study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of lncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) from peripheral blood monouclear cell (PBMC)-derived exosomes (exos) on RA development by modulating the microRNA-23a (miR-23a)/murine double minute-2 (MDM2)/Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) axis. RA was modeled in vivo by collagen induction in mice and in vitro by exposing fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) to lipopolysaccharide. Exos were isolated from human or mouse PBMCs, which were then were co-cultured with FLSs. Based on gain- and loss-of-function experiments, the cell proliferation and secretion of inflammatory factors were measured. LncRNA NEAT1 was found to be highly expressed in RA, and PBMCs-derived exos contributed to RA development by delivering lncRNA NEAT1. In lipopolysaccharide-induced FLSs, miR-23a inhibited the expression of MDM2, and overexpression of MDM2 partially rescued the inhibitory effect of miR-23a on FLS proliferation and inflammatory response. Mechanistically, MDM2 ubiquitination degraded SIRT6 in RA. LncRNA NEAT1 shuttled by PBMC-derived exos promoted FLS proliferation and inflammation through regulating the MDM2/SIRT6 axis. Furthermore, in vivo experiments suggested that downregulated lncRNA NEAT1 shuttled by PBMC-derived exos or upregulated miR-23a impeded RA deterioration in mice. This study highlights that lncRNA NEAT1 shuttled by PBMC-derived exos contributes to RA development with the involvement of the miR-23a/MDM2/SIRT6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Rao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Pang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chunwang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081562. [PMID: 32784839 PMCID: PMC7466380 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint pathology causing severe pain and disability. Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of OA. In the joint microenvironment, macrophages with an M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype induce chronic inflammation and joint destruction, and they have been correlated with the development and progression of the disease, while the M2-like anti-inflammatory macrophages support the recovery of the disease, promoting tissue repair and the resolution of inflammation. Nowadays, the treatment of OA in the clinic relies on systemic and/or intra-articular administration of anti-inflammatory and pain relief drugs, as well as surgical interventions for the severe cases (i.e., meniscectomy). The disadvantages of the pharmacological therapy are related to the chronic nature of the disease, requiring prolonged treatments, and to the particular location of the pathology in joint tissues, which are separated anatomical compartments with difficult access for the drugs. To overcome these challenges, nanotechnological approaches have been investigated to improve the delivery of drugs toward macrophages into the diseased joint. This strategy may offer advantages by reducing off-target toxicities and improving long-term therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe the nanomaterial-based approaches designed so far to directly or indirectly manipulate macrophages for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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