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He G, Ren J, Chen X, Pan Q, Pan T. GP's GP, general practitioner's health and willingness to contract family doctors in China: a national cross-sectional study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:253. [PMID: 38997659 PMCID: PMC11245823 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES General practitioners are trained to care for patients with a high level of responsibility and professional competency. However, there are few reports on the physical and mental health status of general practitioners (GPs) in China, particularly regarding help seeking and self-treatment. The primary aims of this study were to explore GPs' expectations of their own family doctors and their reflection on role positioning, and to explore the objective factors that hinder the system of family doctors. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS We conducted an online survey of Chinese GPs. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings. RESULTS More than half of the participants (57.20%) reported that their health was normal over the past year. A total of 420 participants (23.35%) reported having chronic diseases. For sleep duration, 1205 participants (66.98%) reported sleeping 6-8 h per day; 473 participants (26.29%) reported chronic insomnia. Two hundred thirty-one participants (12.84%) had possible depression. A total of 595 (33.07%) participants reported that they had contracted a fixed family doctor. In terms of preventing themselves from contracting for a family doctor, the following factors were identified: lack of sufficient time (54.81%), could solve obstacles themselves (50.97%), and embarrassment (24.24%). The proportion of the contract group (12.44%) taking personal relationship as a consideration was higher than that of the non-contract group (7.64%) (χ2 = 10.934 P = 0.01). Most participants (79.90%) in the non-signed group reported never having seen a family doctor. In terms of obstacles, more than half of the signed group thought that they could solve obstacles themselves, while the non-signed group (39.20%) was less confident in the ability of family doctors than the signed group (29.75%) (χ2 = 15.436, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS GPs work under great pressure and lack of self-care awareness, resulting in an increased prevalence of health conditions. Most GPs did not have a regular family doctor. Having a family doctor with a fixed contract is more conducive to the scientific management of their health and provides a reasonable solution to health problems. The main factors hindering GPs from choosing a family doctor were time consumption, abilities to solve obstacles themselves, and trust in the abilities of GPs. Therefore, simplifying the process of family doctor visits, Changing the GPs' medical cognition, and strengthening the policy of GP training would be conducive to promoting a family doctor system that enhances hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. International collaboration could integrate GP health support into global healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshu He
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Jingjing Ren
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Qi Pan
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Tianyuan Pan
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
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Popčević M, Javorina T, Košiček M, Meštrović A. Exposure of Pharmacists and Pharmacy Technicians to Violence in Community Pharmacies in Southeast Europe: Frequency and Ethical Considerations. PHARMACY 2024; 12:88. [PMID: 38921964 PMCID: PMC11207363 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians working in community pharmacies are exposed to the risk of violence in their workplaces. Studies have shown that workplace violence is affecting their job satisfaction, productivity, and mental health. This study aims to identify the frequency of different types of violence, as well as the common perpetrators that community pharmacy staff in SEE (Southeast Europe) are dealing with. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire created for this purpose. Selected community pharmacies in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro participated in this study. In total, 732 responses were collected from 24 pharmacy chains or independent pharmacies including all community pharmacy staff. More than 80% of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians reported having been exposed to verbal violence at the workplace, while more than 20% of them reported physical and sexual violence in the preceding 12 months. There were no statistically significant differences between pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, gender, age groups, or countries in relation to exposure to physical, verbal, and sexual violence. The most common perpetrators were identified as patients/clients. More than 90% of pharmacy staff reported they did not receive any kind of support from their employer nor any other help after experiencing a robbery. There is a need for a structured approach to addressing violence in pharmacies including organized support for pharmacy staff. Achieving quality patient care, despite dealing with violent individuals or situations daily, is one of the greatest ethical challenges for healthcare providers in community pharmacies to be empowered.
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Xu Y, Zhan N, Zhang D, Xie Z, Li G, Huang H. The effect of sense of security on job performance of medical staff: the mediating effect of psychological capital. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1347783. [PMID: 38638512 PMCID: PMC11024422 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current situation of sense of security, psychological capital and job performance of medical staff in Guangdong Province, and to explore the mediating role of psychological capital on the relationship between sense of security and job performance of medical staff. Methods In this study, 969 health care workers were selected from February 2023 to April 2023 from 37 hospitals in Guangdong Province, China, using purposive sampling method. The Sense of Security Scale for Medical Staff (SSS-MS), psychological capital scale (PCS) in Chinese version and the Chinese version of job performance scale (JPS) were used in this study. We use SPSS 26.0 for statistical analysis and Amos 24.0 for structural equation modeling (SEM). The control variables entering SEM were selected by regression analysis. SEM analysis confirmed psychological capital scale's mediating function in the link between work performance scale and Sense of Security. Results The overall SSS-MS, PCS, and JPS scores were 67.42 ± 16.136, 87.06 ± 15.04, and 77.87 ± 10.50, respectively. The results of Pearson's correlation analysis showed that there was a positive relationship between PCS and JPS (r = 0.722, P < 0.01), SSS-MS and JPS (r = 0.312, P < 0.01), and SSS-MS and PCS (r = 0.424, P < 0.01). PCS demonstrated a fully mediating influence on the link between medical workers' SSS-MS and JPS, according to structural equation modeling. Conclusion The JPS of medical personnel in Guangdong Province is at a medium level, with much room for improvement. PCS is positively impacted by a sense of security. There is a supportive correlation between PCS, JPS, and SSS-MS. Furthermore, PCS fully mediates the relationship between medical staff members' JPS and their SSS-MS. The Job Diamond-Resource model and Conservation of Resource theory are further validated and supplemented by the findings of this study, which also gives managers a theoretical foundation for enhancing medical staff performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Xu
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ningjing Zhan
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dantong Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanghao Xie
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gege Li
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huigen Huang
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Xiao Y, Chen TT, Zhu SY, Li CY, Zong L. Factors associated with workplace violence against Chinese healthcare workers: an online cross-sectional survey. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1295975. [PMID: 38550327 PMCID: PMC10977601 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1295975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCWs) has reached significant levels globally, impeding the quality and accessibility of healthcare systems. However, there is limited available knowledge regarding the determinants linked with WPV among HCWs and the discrepancies observed across various levels of hospitals in China. The objective of the present research was to investigate the factors linked to WPV and job satisfaction among HCWs in China. Methods A self-developed questionnaire based on WeChat was employed to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information as well as occupational factors. To measure WPV, the Chinese version of the Workplace Violence Scale was utilized. Career satisfaction was assessed through two questions regarding career choices. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive analyses, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regressions. Results A total of 3,781 valid questionnaires (1,029 doctors and 2,752 nurses) were collected. Among all participants, 2,201 (58.2%) reported experiencing at least one form of WPV in the past year, with emotional abuse being the most frequent occurrence (49.7%), followed by threats (27.9%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed several risk factors associated with WPV, including male gender, shift work, senior professional title, bachelor's degree education, employment in secondary-level hospitals, and working over 50 h per week (p < 0.05). Career satisfaction among HCWs who experienced high levels of WPV was low, with only 11.2% remaining confident in their profession, and a mere 2.0% supporting their children pursuing careers in healthcare. Conclusion WPV poses a significant challenge within the Chinese healthcare system. Efforts should be made to address the identified risk factors and promote a safe and satisfying working environment for HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-ting Chen
- Nursing Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shao-yi Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shantou University Mental Health Center, Shantou, China
| | - Chun-ya Li
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zong
- Department of Judicial Expertise, Zhongshan Third People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China
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Magnavita N, Larese Filon F, Giorgi G, Meraglia I, Chirico F. Assessing Workplace Violence: Methodological Considerations. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2024; 115:e2024003. [PMID: 38411977 PMCID: PMC10915676 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v115i1.15186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The risk of violence is present in all workplaces. It must be accurately assessed to establish prevention and protection measures tailored to the features of each situation. The risk management process requires compliance in a sequential order: 1) risk identification, 2) quantitative risk assessment, and 3) impact assessment. Gathering workers' experiences using lists, focus groups, or participatory ergonomics groups is necessary to identify the phenomenon. For risk assessment, spontaneous reporting of events is often insufficient. It may be complemented with two methods: systematic recording of violent events that occurred in the past year during periodic medical examinations of workers and targeted surveys. The epidemiological analysis of data from individual interviews and surveys provides the phenomenon's prevalence, incidence, and evolution. Moreover, reporting the harm suffered by victims of violence allows constructing impact matrices to allocate resources where they are most needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Magnavita
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Univeristà Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Occupational Health Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Giorgi
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Igor Meraglia
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Univeristà Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Chirico
- Health Service Department, Italian State Police, Ministry of the Interior, Milan, Italy
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Abregú-Tueros LF, Bravo-Esquivel CJ, Abregú-Arroyo SK, Dos Santos-Rosa R, Galve-Manzano JL. Consensus on relevant psychosocial interventions applied in health institutions to prevent psychological violence at work: Delphi method. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:19. [PMID: 38183078 PMCID: PMC10768250 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies on psychological violence in the workplace (PVW) in Latin America have focused on incidence values. In contrast, studies on preventive interventions (PIs) in the health sector are very limited. Our objective was to determine to what extent there is consensus on the most relevant characteristics of the psychosocial interventions applied in the prevention of PVW in health institutions in Peru. To that end, health professionals with knowledge and experience in PVW at the national level were recruited, and the Delphi consensus technique was applied. RESULTS The consensus study was developed in four stages that included three phases of Delphi consultation. In the third consultation phase, 428 experts participated in 25 analysis groups from 66 health institutions in the country. A total of 70.3% of the participants were women, and 27.6% of the participants worked in nursing and emergency services. After the Delphi consensus analysis, we obtained a list of 10 hierarchical psychosocial interventions to prevent PVW in the country. Most notable were interventions based on the prior resolution of interprofessional conflicts, on the visibility of incidents to generate an inverse effect and on experiential training to improve assertive and empathic communication skills.
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Alsaqat RT, Alhassan AK, Al Sweleh FS. Verbal workplace violence in the health sector in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36760. [PMID: 38134073 PMCID: PMC10735092 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological abuse, such as verbal abuse, has received less attention than physical violence because of the manifested bodily harm caused by physical violence; however, verbal abuse has the highest percentage of violence worldwide. The consequences of verbal abuse in Saudi Arabia are similar to those in other countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of verbal workplace violence in 12 months, the circumstances related to the event, and the consequences to both the attacker and the target person at all healthcare providers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study included all healthcare providers registered with the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties who had worked for more than one year in the health sector in Saudi Arabia by May 2019. The researchers distributed questionnaires to the participants via email. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the basic properties of the data. Correlations between categorically measured variables were explored using the chi-square test for independence. Overall, 7398 healthcare workers (HCWs) voluntarily participated in the study. Overall, 49.1% encountered verbal abuse. Those who worked in the private sector and in shifts, particularly evening shifts, were significantly exposed to verbal abuse. Furthermore, pharmacists, followed by physicians, had the highest prevalence of workplace violence. Workplace verbal violence is highly prevalent, making it a major concern. Patients and their relatives are mostly the offenders of HCWs. Psychological ordeal, increased overwork, and reduced work capacity are the consequences of verbal abuse. Most victims do not report verbal violence, and this may result in an incorrect estimation of the problem. Therefore, encouragement to report verbal violence and additional research in Saudi Arabia are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Tarik Alsaqat
- Department of Dentistry, Restorative Division, Princess Nourah bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aseel Khaled Alhassan
- Department of Dentistry, King Khalid Hospital in AlKharj, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Banga A, Mautong H, Alamoudi R, Faisal UH, Bhatt G, Amal T, Mendiratta A, Bollu B, Kutikuppala LVS, Lee J, Simadibrata DM, Huespe I, Khalid A, Rais MA, Adhikari R, Lakhani A, Garg P, Pattnaik H, Gandhi R, Pandit R, Ahmad F, Camacho-Leon G, Ciza N P, Barrios N, Meza K, Okonkwo S, Dhabuliwo A, Hamza H, Nemat A, Essar MY, Kampa A, Qasba RK, Sharma P, Dutt T, Vekaria P, Bansal V, Nawaz FA, Surani S, Kashyap R. ViSHWaS: Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems-a global survey. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:e013101. [PMID: 37696546 PMCID: PMC10496720 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide insights into the nature, risk factors, impact and existing measures for reporting and preventing violence in the healthcare system. The under-reporting of violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) globally highlights the need for increased public awareness and education. METHODS The Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems study used a survey questionnaire created using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) forms and distributed from 6 June to 9 August 2022. Logistic regression analysis evaluated violence predictors, including gender, age, years of experience, institution type, respondent profession and night shift frequency. A χ2 test was performed to determine the association between gender and different violence forms. RESULTS A total of 5405 responses from 79 countries were analysed. India, the USA and Venezuela were the top three contributors. Female respondents comprised 53%. The majority (45%) fell within the 26-35 age group. Medical students (21%), consultants (20%), residents/fellows (15%) and nurses (10%) constituted highest responders. Nearly 55% HCWs reported firsthand violence experience, and 16% reported violence against their colleagues. Perpetrators were identified as patients or family members in over 50% of cases, while supervisor-incited violence accounted for 16%. Around 80% stated that violence incidence either remained constant or increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among HCWs who experienced violence, 55% felt less motivated or more dissatisfied with their jobs afterward, and 25% expressed willingness to quit. Univariate analysis revealed that HCWs aged 26-65 years, nurses, physicians, ancillary staff, those working in public settings, with >1 year of experience, and frequent night shift workers were at significantly higher risk of experiencing violence. These results remained significant in multivariate analysis, except for the 55-65 age group, which lost statistical significance. CONCLUSION This global cross-sectional study highlights that a majority of HCWs have experienced violence, and the incidence either increased or remained the same during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in decreased job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshat Banga
- Department of Medicine, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Hans Mautong
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, Samborondon, Ecuador
| | - Razan Alamoudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Habiba Faisal
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, India
| | - Gaurang Bhatt
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Burns Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Tanya Amal
- Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayushi Mendiratta
- Department of Internal medicine, Parkview Medical Center, Pueblo, Colorado, USA
| | - Bhaswanth Bollu
- Department of General medicine, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - L V Simhachalam Kutikuppala
- Department of General Surgery, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation Hospital, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Joanna Lee
- Department of Medicine, David Tvildiani Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Daniel Martin Simadibrata
- Department of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ivan Huespe
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aisha Khalid
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ramesh Adhikari
- Department of Internal medicine, Franciscan Health Lafayette East, Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Alisha Lakhani
- Department of Internal medicine, Shantabaa Medical College and General Hospital, Amreli, Gujarat, India
| | - Piyush Garg
- Department of Cardiology, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Harsha Pattnaik
- Department of Undergraduate Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Raghu Gandhi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ramesh Pandit
- Department of Internal medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Public Health Reference Laboratory Department, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Genesis Camacho-Leon
- Division de estúdios para graduados, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Pierre Ciza N
- Department of Psychiatry, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nimsi Barrios
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Kelly Meza
- Department of Internal medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan Okonkwo
- Department of Family Health, Society for Family Health Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Amuza Dhabuliwo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawempe National Refferal hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Hafeez Hamza
- Department of Pharmacy, Girne American University, Girne, Cyprus
| | - Arash Nemat
- Microbiology Department, Kabul University of Medical Sciences Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | | | - Anne Kampa
- Department of Development, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rakhtan K Qasba
- Department of Medicine, Green Life Medical College and Hospital, Dhanmondi, Bangladesh
| | - Pranjal Sharma
- Department of Nephrology, MercyOne Clinton, Clinton, Iowa, USA
| | - Taru Dutt
- Department of Psychiatry, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Pratikkumar Vekaria
- Department of Internal medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Internal Medicine, Prisma Health Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vikas Bansal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Faisal A Nawaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Al Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Al Aweer, Dubai, UAE
| | - Salim Surani
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Pulmonary, and Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rahul Kashyap
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Research, WellSpan Health, York, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yosep I, Mardhiyah A, Hendrawati H, Hendrawati S. Interventions for Reducing Negative Impacts of Workplace Violence Among Health Workers: A Scoping Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1409-1421. [PMID: 37251104 PMCID: PMC10216865 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s412754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplace violence on health workers in the workplace causes physical and psychological problems. Negative impacts on victims of workplace violence such as physical problems, anxiety, depression, stress, and risk of death or risk of suicide. This problem needs to be addressed immediately so as not to impact post-traumatic stress disorder and reduce the work performance of health workers. The purpose of this study is to explore interventions to reduce the negative impact of workplace violence on health workers. This study used scoping review design with a descriptive approach to data analysis. The CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used in this investigation. This study used PCC's framework (Population, Content, Context). The keywords are workplace violence, healthcare personnel, interventions, and programs were used by the authors. Search strategy used PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. The sample are health workers, original research used a randomized control trial or quasi-experiment design, and the publication time had to be within the previous ten years (2014-2023). The JBI assessment was used to assess the quality of the article. We found 11 articles who discuss about interventions to reduce negative effects of workplace violence among health workers. This study shows that there is a decrease in psychological problems in victims of workplace violence such as anxiety, depression, and incidents of workplace violence. The range of sample in this study are 30-440 respondents. The authors discovered three different types of interventions: training programs, cognitive behavior therapy, and workplace violence programs. Interventions must focus on both the physical and psychological needs of the victims of workplace violence, psychiatric nurses and psychologists carried out interventions in a thorough manner. Interventions carried out by psychiatric nurses and psychologists can reduce the negative impact of workplace violence on health workers such as anxiety, depression and other psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Ai Mardhiyah
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Hendrawati Hendrawati
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Sri Hendrawati
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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10
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Spencer C, Sitarz J, Fouse J, DeSanto K. Nurses' rationale for underreporting of patient and visitor perpetrated workplace violence: a systematic review. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:134. [PMID: 37088834 PMCID: PMC10122798 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and visitor perpetrated workplace violence (WPV) is a problem within healthcare and is known to be underreported by nurses and other healthcare workers. However, there are multiple and diverse reasons identified in the literature as to why nurses do not report. This systematic review aimed to investigate nurses' reasons and rationale related to underreporting of violence that occurs in the workplace. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines for systematic review reporting, studies conducted between 2011 and early 2022 were identified from MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsychInfo, and Psychological and Behavioral Sciences Collection via EBSCOHost. Quantitative studies related to patient and visitor perpetrated violence containing explanations, reasons, or rationale related to underreporting were included. RESULTS After quality appraisals, 19 studies representing 16 countries were included. The resulting categories identified nursing, management, and organizational factors. The most prominent nursing factors included nurses' fear of consequences after reporting, nurses' perceptions, and their lack of knowledge about the reporting process. Common management factors which contributed to nursing underreporting included lack of visible changes after reporting, non-supportive culture in which to report, and the lack of penalties for perpetrators. Organizational factors included the lack of policies/procedures/training for WPV, as well as a lack of an efficient and user-friendly reporting system. Supportive interventions from management, organizations, and community sources were summarized to provide insight to improve nurse reporting of WPV events. CONCLUSION Underreporting of WPV is a complex and multi-faceted problem. An investigation into the rationale for underreporting a workplace violent event illustrates nurses, management, and organizations contribute to the problem. Clear and actionable interventions such as educational support for staff and the development of a clear and concise reporting processes are recommended to encourage staff reporting and to help address WPV in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jamie Sitarz
- UCHealth Cancer Center, Highlands Ranch, CO, USA
| | - June Fouse
- University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen DeSanto
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Strauss Health Sciences Library, Aurora, CO, USA
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da Silva PR, Porto P, Rocha MC, Tamaki ER, Corrêa MG, Fernandez M, Lotta G, Pimenta DN. Women and working in healthcare during the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil: bullying of colleagues. Global Health 2023; 19:10. [PMID: 36803438 PMCID: PMC9938680 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-023-00911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on a feminist approach, we analyzed the experiences of workplace bullying suffered by women front-line healthcare professionals dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. We start from studies that show that women make up 70% of the global health workforce, 85% in the area of nursing, and 90% in the case of social care workers. An unequivocal need thus exists to address gender issues regarding the composition of the labor force in the health area. The pandemic has aggravated recurring problems involving healthcare professionals at the various caregiving levels, such as mental harassment (bullying) and its effects on mental health. METHODS Data were gathered from an online survey of a convenience (non-probability) sample composed of 1,430 volunteer respondents, all women that work in the public health system in Brazil. The analyses and discussions involved the responses to a questionnaire containing 12 closed-ended questions and one open-ended question. RESULTS The results revealed a context of workplace bullying aggravated by precarious material, institutional and organizational conditions in the area of health services against the backdrop of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. This context has variously led to aggression, isolation, heavy workloads, and invasion of privacy, humiliation, persecution and fear as it was possible to see, mainly, in the answers to the study's open-ended question. This situation degrades both work relations and the integrity of the healthcare professionals who work on the front line to treat Covid-19 cases. CONCLUSION We conclude that bullying is a psychosocial phenomenon that heightens the oppression and subordination still experienced by women in the contemporary context, but with new hues in a scenario of frontline response to Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto da Silva
- Collective Health at René Rachou Institute - Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Paloma Porto
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Social Anthropology at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariela Campos Rocha
- Collective Health at René Rachou Institute – Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ryô Tamaki
- grid.435041.70000 0001 2230 7669Political Science at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcela Garcia Corrêa
- grid.452413.50000 0001 0720 8347Public Administration and Government from Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle Fernandez
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Political Science Institute of the University of Brasília (IPOL/UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lotta
- grid.452413.50000 0001 0720 8347Public Administration and Government from Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Nacif Pimenta
- Collective Health at René Rachou Institute – Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
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Li H, Gao D, Guan Y, Xu C. Criminal Litigation of Workplace Violence in Chinese Hospitals and Legal Effort to Deescalate Crimes. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2023; 60:469580231153274. [PMID: 36799409 PMCID: PMC9940235 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231153274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Workplace violence in Chinese hospitals has increasingly attracted world attention. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of criminal litigation cases on workplace violence in Chinese hospitals at a national level and explore the influencing factors associated with the severity of workplace violence. A retrospective study was designed to analyse 507 criminal litigation cases on workplace violence in Chinese hospitals, with data extracted from the Chinese court website. The multiple ordered logistic regression model was used to analyse the impact of the potential influencing factors on the severity of workplace violence. The crimes as workplace violence in the hospitals were concentrated in East and Central China (53.9%). The most common clinical specialty involved in workplace violence was Gynecology and Obstetrics (27.8%). The first 4 types of crimes as workplace violence in the hospitals were the crime as picking quarrels and provoking trouble (26.0%), the crime as disrupting public service (20.7%), the crime as intentional injury (19.1%), and the crime as gathering people to disturb public order (15.2%). The severity of crimes as workplace violence in the hospitals was significantly associated with location (OR = 2.569, P = .013), victim type (policemen or security guards) (OR = 0.495, P = .005), more than 3 victims (OR = 2.252, P = .035), perpetrators (patients' family member) (OR = 0.491, P = .045), previous arrest (OR = 2.113, P = .024), premeditation (OR = 2.234, P = .004), and psychiatric disorders (OR = 1.911, P = .019). The number of the crimes as workplace violence in Chinese hospitals was slightly declining from 2014 to 2020. The severity of crimes as workplace violence in the hospitals was significantly associated with secondary hospitals, more than 3 victims, victim type (policemen or security guards), perpetrators (patients' family member), previous arrest, premeditation, and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Academy for China’s Rule-of-Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China,Heng Li, Associate Professor, Academy for China’s Rule-of-Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, No. 555, Longyuan Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, China.
| | - Dajun Gao
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Guan
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Intelligent Hospital Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Mohamad Yazid MN, Nik Husain NR, Daud A, Osman Y, Mustapa N, Abdul Hadi A. Perception and Practice of Workplace Violence Prevention and Its Associated Factors among Employers at Healthcare Facilities in Melaka, Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2900. [PMID: 36833601 PMCID: PMC9956971 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Workplace violence (WPV) is a major public health concern, especially among healthcare workers. There is a negative perception and poor practice of healthcare employers towards WPV prevention. This study aims to determine the perception and practice towards WPV prevention and its associated factors among healthcare employers in Melaka, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 162 healthcare employers, using a validated questionnaire and utilised linear regression analysis. The participants had a mean percentage of 67.2% for perception and 80% for practice towards WPV prevention. The perception towards WPV prevention is associated with the following characteristics: female (adjusted ß = -3.95; 95% CI: -7.81, -0.09; p = 0.045), Indian ethnicity (adjusted ß = 16.04; 95% CI: 2.34, 29.74; p = 0.022), other ethnicities (adjusted ß = 25.71; 95% CI: 8.94, 42.47; p = 0.003), degree holder (adjusted ß = 4.35; 95% CI: 0.15, 8.54; p = 0.042), masters holder (adjusted ß = 7.63; 95% CI: 1.11, 14.14; p = 0.022), and enough funds (adjusted ß = -5.46; 95% CI: -9.25, -1.67; p = 0.005). Meanwhile, the practice towards WPV prevention is significantly associated with Chinese ethnicity (adjusted ß = -9.25; 95% CI: -18.36, -0.14; p = 0.047), Indian ethnicity (adjusted ß = -14.97; 95% CI: -29.48, -0.46; p = 0.043), other ethnicities (adjusted ß = 23.55; 95% CI: 5.59, 41.51; p = 0.011), degree holder (adjusted ß = -4.41; 95% CI: -8.67, -0.14; p = 0.043), and availability of standard operating procedure for reporting WPV (adjusted ß = 6.07; 95% CI: 1.58, 10.57; p = 0.008). The high perception and practice towards WPV prevention and its associated factors among healthcare employers provide evidence-based input to improve the existing measures for WPV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nizam Mohamad Yazid
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Rosmawati Nik Husain
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aziah Daud
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yelmizaitun Osman
- Kelantan State Health Department, Kota Bharu 15590, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Normazura Mustapa
- Melaka State Health Department, Melaka International Trade Centre, Malacca 75450, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Azlihanis Abdul Hadi
- Ministry of Health Malaysia, Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya 62590, Selangor, Malaysia
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Cañavate-Buchón G, Meneghel I. Analysis of some Demographic and Psy-chosocial Factors that Influence in the Perception of the Workplace Violence. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2023; 16:67-77. [PMID: 37841636 PMCID: PMC10402645 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.5961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of psychosocial risks based on the demographic variables of sex, age, and seniority, on the perception of workplace violence in a group of workers from Spanish companies. Methods a total of 22 Spanish companies were analysed between 2016 and 2018 with a total sample of 26741 people using the FPSICO 3.1 psychosocial assessment method and divided into demographic groups of sex, age, and seniority for subsequent comparison of means and regression analysis. Results The results confirm the relationship between psychosocial risks and the perception of workplace violence. The analyses by demographic variables position the group of men as the group with the highest perception of workplace violence, except for discrimination, where it was higher in the group of women. The results confirm that the perception of workplace violence increases significantly with age and seniority in the company. Conclusions workplace violence is one of the most worrying risk factors today and it is necessary to better understand what risk factors can favour its appearance or its differentiated behaviour according to sex, age, or seniority. This can allow us to develop planned strategies to control this risk and focus on specific demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Meneghel
- Universitat Internacional de Cataluña,
Spain.Universitat Internacional de
CataluñaSpain
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15
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Wang M, Wang H, Wei Z, Wang Y, Sun L. Association between Workplace Violence and Depressive Symptoms among Primary Healthcare Professionals in Shandong, China: Meaning in Life as a Moderator. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15184. [PMID: 36429908 PMCID: PMC9690923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace violence (WPV) is common in healthcare settings. However, the association between WPV and depressive symptoms has not been explored among primary healthcare professionals, especially in China. The assumption of the moderating effort of meaning in life on the association has also not been tested. The purposes of the study are to investigate the relationship between WPV and depressive symptoms and identify the moderating role of meaning in life among primary healthcare professionals in China. METHODS In this study, we collected 2530 valid questionnaires. The participants were composed of primary healthcare professionals in Shandong province, China. WPV, meaning in life (including presence of life and search for life), depressive symptoms, and some social-demographic variables were evaluated. The SPSS macro was used to build the moderating relationship. RESULTS WPV was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (β = 9.09, p < 0.001), and meaning in life was negatively associated with WPV and depressive symptoms (β = -0.13, p < 0.05) among primary healthcare professionals in China. For primary healthcare professionals with low presence of life, presence of life aggravated the relationship. CONCLUSIONS The current study has verified the association between WPV and meaning in life, and the relationship between WPV and depressive symptoms has been supported among primary healthcare professionals in China. Meaning in life and presence of life as moderators play crucial roles in the relationship between WPV and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Long Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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16
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Tang C, Guan C, Liu C. Quality of working life of medical doctors and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional survey in public hospitals in China. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063320. [PMID: 36396318 PMCID: PMC9677010 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the quality of working life (QWL) of medical doctors and associated risk factors. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 2915 medical doctors from 48 hospitals was conducted in China. METHODS The QWL-7-32 scale was adopted to assess seven domains of QWL: physical health, mental health, job and career satisfaction, work passion and initiative, professional pride, professional competence, and balance between work and family. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Data were analysed using SPSS V.19.0. Analysis of variance tests and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and job factors associated with overall QWL and its seven subdomain scores. RESULTS On average, the respondents reported an overall QWL score of 92.51 (SD=17.74) of a possible 160. Over 35% of respondents reported more than 60 hours of weekly working time; 59.9% experienced night sleep deprivation frequently; 16.6% encountered workplace violence frequently. The multivariate regression models revealed that the eastern region (β≤-2.887 for non-eastern regions, p<0.001), shorter working hours (β≤-2.638 for over 40 hours a week, p<0.01), less frequent night sleep deprivation (β≤-5.366 for sometimes or frequent, p<0.001), higher income (β≥2.795 for lower income, p<0.001) and less frequent encounters of workplace violence (β≤-9.267 for sometimes or frequent, p<0.001) were significant predictors of higher QWL. Night sleep deprivation and workplace violence were common predictors (p<0.05) for all seven domains of QWL. CONCLUSION The low QWL of medical doctors working in public hospitals in China is evident, which is associated with high workloads, low rewards and workplace violence. There are also significant regional differences in the QWL of medical doctors, with the eastern developed region featuring better QWL. Public hospitals in China are facing serious challenges in occupational health and safety, which needs to be addressed through a systems approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Tang
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cuiling Guan
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaojie Liu
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Li L, Zhang Q, Yang H, Undergraduate SL. Incidence and related influencing factors of workplace violence among psychiatric nurses in China: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 40:68-76. [PMID: 36064248 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze and integrate the incidence and its influencing factors on workplace violence among psychiatric nurses in China. BACKGROUND Despite the fact that an increasing number of studies in China and elsewhere have focused on workplace violence among psychiatric nurses, there is presently no research to thoroughly explain the determining variables of violence faced by psychiatric nurses. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. METHOD PubMed, Embase, Cohrane Library, CNKI database, Wanfang database, and VIP database were used to search for English-language literature. The search deadline is June 15, 2021. The quality of the included literature was assessed, data was retrieved, and the meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS A total of 19 works of literature, including 5926 patients, were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of workplace violence was about 78%[ES = 0.78, 95%CI(0.65,0.88)]. The possible factors for Chinese psychiatric nurses suffering from violence include gender, education, working years, whether they are an only child, age, height, working hours, and the form of employment. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of workplace violence incidence among psychiatric nurses in China is high, and managers should employ individualized intervention methods based on the variables that influence it. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Managers should attach great importance to the occurrence of workplace violence. In training to prevent workplace violence, we should pay attention to the disparities in age and working abilities of nurses. Nurses should be trained in recognizing violent conduct, early warning indications, communication skills, and emergency response tactics. Managers should be able to schedule shifts in a flexible manner. Various techniques to enhance the nurse's working environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Psychiatric, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University; Vascular Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Suping Li Undergraduate
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Psychiatric, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
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Guo YQ, Huang J, Xu NN, Ma XJ. Worker Characteristics and Measures Associated With Patient and Visitor Violence in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multilevel Regression Analysis From China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:877843. [PMID: 35719686 PMCID: PMC9201521 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.877843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the patient and visitor workplace violence (PVV) toward health workers (HWs) and identify correlations between worker characteristics, measures against violence and exposure to PVV in COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey utilizing the international questionnaires in six public tertiary hospitals from Beijing in 2020 was conducted, and valid data from 754 respondents were collected. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to determine the association between independents and exposure to PVV. Results During COVID-19 pandemic and regular epidemic prevention and control, doctors were 5.3 times (95% CI = 1.59~17.90) more likely to suffer from physical PVV than nurses. HWs most frequently work with infants were 7.2 times (95% CI = 2.24~23.19) more likely to suffer from psychological PVV. More than four-fifth of HWs reported that their workplace had implemented security measures in 2020, and the cross-level interactions between the security measures and profession variable indicates that doctors in the workplace without security measures were 11.3 times (95% CI = 1.09~116.39) more likely to suffer from physical PVV compared to nurses in the workplace with security measures. Conclusion Doctors have higher risk of physical PVV in COVID-19 containment, and the security measures are very important and effective to fight against the physical PVV. Comprehensive measures should be implemented to mitigate hazards and protect the health, safety, and well-being of health workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Guo
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Na-Na Xu
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Ma
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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19
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Prevalence and risk factors for depression among training physicians in China and the United States. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8170. [PMID: 35581251 PMCID: PMC9112267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
During their first year of medical residency (internship), 35% of training physicians in the United States suffer at least one depression episode. We assessed whether there is a similar increase of depression among first year residents in China, and identified predictors of depression in the two systems. 1006 residents across three cohorts (2016-2017, 2017-2018 and 2018-2019) at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Peking Union Medical College were assessed in parallel with three cohorts of 7028 residents at 100 + US institutions. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depressive symptoms were measured at baseline and quarterly. Demographic, personal and residency factors were assessed as potential predictors of PHQ-9 depression scores. Similar to training interns in the US, the proportion of participants in China who met depression criteria at least once during the first year of residency increased substantially, from 9.1 to 35.1%. History of depression and symptoms at baseline were common factors significantly associated with depression during residency. By contrast, neuroticism, early family environment, female gender and not being coupled were associated with depression risk only in the US, while young age was a predictor of depression only in China. Fear of workplace violence also was a predictor in China. Long duty hours and reduced sleep duration emerged as training predictors of depression in both countries. The magnitude of depression increase and work-related drivers of depression were similar between China and the US, suggesting a need for effective system reforms in both systems.
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Feng J, Lei Z, Yan S, Jiang H, Shen X, Zheng Y, Yu M, Meng X, Di H, Xia W, Zhou Y, Yang T, Su C, Cheng F, Lu Z, Gan Y. Prevalence and associated factors for workplace violence among general practitioners in China: a national cross-sectional study. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2022; 20:42. [PMID: 35578232 PMCID: PMC9109203 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-022-00736-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND General practitioners (GPs) were at risk of violence in their everyday working lives. Workplace violence (WPV) among GPs is a global public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with WPV among GPs in China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4376 GPs in eastern, central, and western China between March and May 2021 using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The multivariable stepwise logistic regression model was used to examine the factors associated with WPV among GPs in China. RESULTS Among these respondents, 14.26% of them reported exposure to WPV in the past 12 months. GPs who were female, practised in a rural area, made home visits occasionally, worked in a fair or good practice environment or work environment, and had a fair or good relationship with patients were less likely to encounter any type of WPV. In addition, GPs who served patients over 20 per day and worked overtime occasionally or frequently were more likely to be exposed to WPV. The determinants of WPV varied in different types of WPV and sexes. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of WPV among GPs is low in China. Our findings could inform the measures to reduce the WPV among GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihui Lei
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shijiao Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanling Zheng
- Shouyilu Street Community Health Service Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minyi Yu
- Shouyilu Street Community Health Service Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongkun Di
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqi Xia
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Henan Provincial People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Cheng Su
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fanjun Cheng
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zuxun Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Gan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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21
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Dopelt K, Davidovitch N, Stupak A, Ben Ayun R, Lev Eltsufin A, Levy C. Workplace Violence against Hospital Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Israel: Implications for Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084659. [PMID: 35457525 PMCID: PMC9025418 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers, a serious public health problem with profound implications, has worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the incidence of different types of WPV in a public hospital in Israel during the pandemic and analyzes the factors associated with its occurrence. A cross-sectional study was performed via an online questionnaire with 486 workers at a government hospital in Israel. Data were collected about sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, exposure to different forms of WPV over the preceding six months, and the responsibility and reasons for WPV from the workers' perspective. Approximately 71% of respondents were exposed to WPV and 64% perceived that WPV escalated during the pandemic. The prevalence of verbal/psychological and physical WPV were 69 and 11%, respectively. The main reason for WPV was frustration over long wait times (70%). The escalation during the pandemic can be attributed to patients' or relatives' anxiety and mental states following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (72%), an increase in waiting time since the pandemic began (54%), lack of hospital resources to care for everyone (45%), and the inability to visit critically ill relatives with COVID-19 (44%). Increased exposure to WPV was attributed to lower seniority, working in emergency or internal departments, and being a nurse or a doctor. The findings raise an urgent need to develop strategies to reduce WPV in hospitals at all levels: national, organizational, and individual. Further research could focus on the effectiveness of innovative strategies and interventions to prevent violence against healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Dopelt
- Department of Public Health, Ashkelon Academic College, Ben Tzvi St. 12, Ashkelon 78211, Israel; (K.D.); (A.S.); (R.B.A.); (A.L.E.)
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Nadav Davidovitch
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-50-5465479
| | - Anna Stupak
- Department of Public Health, Ashkelon Academic College, Ben Tzvi St. 12, Ashkelon 78211, Israel; (K.D.); (A.S.); (R.B.A.); (A.L.E.)
- Barzilai University Medical Centre, Hahistadrout St. 2, Ashkelon 78306, Israel;
| | - Rachel Ben Ayun
- Department of Public Health, Ashkelon Academic College, Ben Tzvi St. 12, Ashkelon 78211, Israel; (K.D.); (A.S.); (R.B.A.); (A.L.E.)
| | - Anna Lev Eltsufin
- Department of Public Health, Ashkelon Academic College, Ben Tzvi St. 12, Ashkelon 78211, Israel; (K.D.); (A.S.); (R.B.A.); (A.L.E.)
| | - Chezy Levy
- Barzilai University Medical Centre, Hahistadrout St. 2, Ashkelon 78306, Israel;
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22
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Christensen SS, Wilson BL. Why Nurses Do Not Report Patient Aggression: A Review and Appraisal of the Literature. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:1759-1767. [DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott S. Christensen
- University of Utah Health Salt Lake City UT
- University of Utah College of Nursing Salt Lake City UT
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23
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Abregú Tueros LF, Dos Santos Rosa R. Sensitivity and specificity of a brief scale to evaluate psychological violence at work in Peruvian health professionals. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:62. [PMID: 35172884 PMCID: PMC8848785 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-05959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Most studies in Latin America that evaluate psychological violence at work (PVW) focus on measuring occurrences of PVW. However, the discriminative validity and randomness of instruments used for evaluating incidents of PVW that are generated by agents internal to the workplace in the Peruvian health sector have not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Scale of Psychological Violence in Health Professionals (SVP-Health) in the Peruvian population. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study based on the two-stage administration of guided surveys and ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis was performed. Results The study included 188 professionals from ten care centres in Peru. The professionals were divided into two groups of 94 subjects: those who had experienced PVW and those who had not. The average age of the participants was 36.8 ± 10.5 years; their work experience ranged between one and 35 years; and 59% of the sample were women. According to an analysis based on the ROC curve, (a) there was a significant area under the curve (AUC = 0.899) with adequate randomness; and (b) the SPV-Health adequately distinguished subjects with PVW from those without PVW (89% versus 94%). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-022-05959-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fidel Abregú Tueros
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud en el Trabajo, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Huánuco, Tingo María, Perú.
| | - Roger Dos Santos Rosa
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud en el Trabajo, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Huánuco, Tingo María, Perú
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24
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Atashzadeh Shoorideh F, Moosavi S, Balouchi A. Incivility toward nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Ethics Hist Med 2022; 14:15. [PMID: 35035802 PMCID: PMC8696574 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v14i15.7670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One important part of a nurse’s job is to create and help maintain a safe work environment. Evidence shows that negative behaviors such as incivility are not uncommon in the nursing profession. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the prevalence of incivility toward nurses. For this purpose, all observational studies that primarily investigated the rate of incivility toward nurses were selected. The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Magiran, IranDoc, and Scopus were searched for studies published during the period of January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2019. The quality of studies was assessed using Hoy’s Critical Assessment Checklist. The study was undertaken using the random effects model, and data were analyzed using STATA14. Data on 60 articles, including data on 30801 individuals, published between 1997 and 2019, entered the study. The findings showed the prevalence of incivility to be 55.10% (95%, CI: 48.05, 62.06). Due to the high prevalence of uncivil behavior, especially of the verbal type, nursing managers should identify risk factors in the workplace. Planners should develop programs to increase workplace safety, especially in centers that are most exposed to these behaviors. It is also recommended that future studies focus on implementation of effective evidence-based interventions based on organizational culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroozan Atashzadeh Shoorideh
- Professor, Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Labbafinezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soolmaz Moosavi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Labbafinezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Balouchi
- Student Research Committee, PhD Student of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Caruso R, Toffanin T, Folesani F, Biancosino B, Romagnolo F, Riba MB, McFarland D, Palagini L, Belvederi Murri M, Zerbinati L, Grassi L. Violence Against Physicians in the Workplace: Trends, Causes, Consequences, and Strategies for Intervention. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022; 24:911-924. [PMID: 36445636 PMCID: PMC9707179 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Violence against healthcare professionals has become an emergency in many countries. Literature in this area has mainly focused on nurses while there are less studies on physicians, whose alterations in mental health and burnout have been linked to higher rates of medical errors and poorer quality of care. We summarized peer-reviewed literature and examined the epidemiology, main causes, consequences, and areas of intervention associated with workplace violence perpetrated against physicians. RECENT FINDINGS We performed a review utilizing several databases, by including the most relevant studies in full journal articles investigating the problem. Workplace violence against doctors is a widespread phenomenon, present all over the world and related to a number of variables, including individual, socio-cultural, and contextual variables. During the COVID-19 pandemic, incidence of violence has increased. Data also show the possible consequences in physicians' deterioration of quality of life, burnout, and traumatic stress which are linked to physical and mental health problems, which, in a domino effect, fall on patients' quality of care. Violence against doctors is an urgent global problem with consequences on an individual and societal level. This review highlights the need to undertake initiatives aimed at enhancing understanding, prevention, and management of workplace violence in healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela Caruso
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy ,Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, S. Anna University Hospital and Local Health Trust, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Toffanin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Folesani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Bruno Biancosino
- Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, S. Anna University Hospital and Local Health Trust, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Romagnolo
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michelle B. Riba
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Daniel McFarland
- Department of Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Laura Palagini
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy ,Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, S. Anna University Hospital and Local Health Trust, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy ,Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, S. Anna University Hospital and Local Health Trust, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Zerbinati
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy ,Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, S. Anna University Hospital and Local Health Trust, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, 44121 Ferrara, Italy ,Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, S. Anna University Hospital and Local Health Trust, Ferrara, Italy
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26
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Bitencourt MR, Alarcão ACJ, Silva LL, Dutra ADC, Caruzzo NM, Roszkowski I, Bitencourt MR, Marques VD, Pelloso SM, Carvalho MDDB. Predictors of violence against health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253398. [PMID: 34138953 PMCID: PMC8211185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in violence against health professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic makes it necessary to identify the predictors of violence, in order to prevent these events from happening. OBJECTIVE Evaluating the prevalence and analyzing the variables involved in the occurrence of violence against health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study conducted online involving Brazilian health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire (Google Online Form) sent to health professionals on social networks and analyzed through logistic regression by using sociodemographic variables. The set of grouped variables was assigned to the final model when p <0.05. A network was built using the Mixed Graph Models (MGM) approach. A centrality measurement chart was constructed to determine which nodes have the greatest influence, strength and connectivity between the nodes around them. RESULTS The predictors of violence in the adjusted regression model were the following: being a nursing technician / assistant; having been working for less than 20 years; working for over 37 hours a week; having suffered violence before the pandemic; having been contaminated with COVID-19; working in direct contact with patients infected by the virus; and having family members who have suffered violence. The network created with professionals who suffered violence demonstrated that the aggressions occurred mainly in the workplace, with an indication of psycho-verbal violence. In cases in which the aggressors were close people, aggressions were non-verbal and happened both in public and private places. The assaults practiced by strangers occurred in public places. CONCLUSIONS Violence against health professionals occurs implicitly and explicitly, with consequences that can affect both their psychosocial well-being and the assistance given to their patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lincoln Luís Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | | | - Igor Roszkowski
- Department of Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Vlaudimir Dias Marques
- Department of Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Sandra Marisa Pelloso
- Department of Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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27
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Ma J, Chen X, Zheng Q, Zhang Y, Ming Z, Wang D, Wu H, Ye H, Zhou X, Xu Y, Li R, Sheng X, Fan F, Yang Z, Luo T, Lu Y, Deng Y, Yang F, Liu C, Liu C, Li X. Serious Workplace Violence Against Healthcare Providers in China Between 2004 and 2018. Front Public Health 2021; 8:574765. [PMID: 33520908 PMCID: PMC7841458 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.574765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare providers has severe consequences and is underreported worldwide. The aim of this study was to present the features, causes, and outcomes of serious WPV against healthcare providers in China. Method: We searched for serious WPV events reported online and analyzed information about time, location, people, methods, motivations, and outcomes related to the incident. Result: Serious WPV reported online in China (n = 379) were mainly physical (97%) and often involved the use of weapons (34.5%). Doctors were victims in most instances (81.1%). Serious WPV mostly happened in cities (90.2%), teaching hospitals (87.4%), and tertiary hospitals (67.9%) and frequently in Emergency Department (ED), Obstetrics and Gynecology Department (OB-GYN), and pediatric departments; it was most prevalent in the months of June, May, and February. Rates of serious WPV increased dramatically in 2014 and decreased after 2015, with death (12.8%), severe injury (6%), and hospitalization (24.2%) being the major outcomes. A law protecting healthcare providers implemented in 2015 may have helped curb the violence. Conclusion: Serious WPV in China may stem from poor patient-doctor relationships, overly stressed health providers in highly demanding hospitals, poorly educated/informed patients, insufficient legal protection, and poor communication. Furthering knowledge about WPV and working toward curtailing its presence in healthcare settings are crucial to increasing the safety and well-being of healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qiongjuan Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Medical College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhi Ming
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Dongxin Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Furong Forensic Center of The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Yuhua, China
| | - Haisen Ye
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yunxuan Xu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Renjiao Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Sheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fangxiu Fan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zuiwen Yang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yajun Lu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ye Deng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chuntao Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
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28
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Yang Y, Li Y, An Y, Zhao YJ, Zhang L, Cheung T, Hall BJ, Ungvari GS, An FR, Xiang YT. Workplace Violence Against Chinese Frontline Clinicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Associations With Demographic and Clinical Characteristics and Quality of Life: A Structural Equation Modeling Investigation. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:649989. [PMID: 33935836 PMCID: PMC8081975 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.649989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Workplace violence is a major concern for clinicians worldwide. There has been little data on the epidemiology of workplace violence against frontline clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the pattern of workplace violence and its association with quality of life (QOL) against frontline clinicians during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods: A cross-sectional online study was conducted in China between March 15 and March 20, 2020. Frontline clinicians' experience with workplace violence was measured with six standardized questions derived from the Workplace Violence Scale, while anxiety, depressive, and insomnia symptoms, and QOL were measured using the General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, respectively. Univariate analyses, multivariable logistic regression analyses, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted. Results: A total of 15,531 clinicians completed the assessment; 2,878 (18.5, 95% CI = 17.92-19.14%) reported workplace violence during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (verbal violence: 16.1%; physical violence: 6.9%). According to multivariable models, key correlates of workplace violence were male gender, longer work experience, higher education level, smoking, working in the psychiatry or emergency department, working in tertiary hospitals, being involved in direct care of infected patients, having infected family/ friends/ colleagues, and frequently using social communication programs. Clinicians working in inpatient departments were less likely to report workplace violence compared to those working in outpatient departments. SEM analysis revealed that both violence and emotional disturbances (anxiety, depression, and insomnia) directly affected QOL (standardized direct effect = -0.031, and -0.566, respectively, P < 0.05), while emotional disturbances partly mediated the association between work violence and QOL (standardized indirect effect = -0.184, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Frontline clinicians were vulnerable to workplace violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the negative impact of workplace violence on quality of care and clinicians' QOL, health authorities and policymakers should take effective measures to reduce workplace violence against clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying An
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhao
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, School of Mental Health, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graylands Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, School of Mental Health, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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29
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Liu Y, Zhang M, Li R, Chen N, Huang Y, Lv Y, Wang Y. Risk assessment of workplace violence towards health workers in a Chinese hospital: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e042800. [PMID: 33371045 PMCID: PMC7754661 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with workplace violence towards health workers (HWs) in a Chinese hospital. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a Chinese secondary hospital in 2019 using an international survey questionnaire, and collected valid data from 1028 HW respondents via mobile phone. Alongside analysing the potential association between exposure to violence and respondents' characteristics, we compared the workplace violence between this survey and a baseline survey in the same hospital using the same questionnaire in 2018, and investigated the existing measures. RESULTS A total of 5.45% of respondents had encountered physical violence while 41.63% had experienced psychological violence. Women (OR=3.45, 95% CI 1.87 to 6.38), those working in outpatient and emergency departments (OR=7.96, 95% CI 2.27 to 27.95), and those with extremely high concern about workplace violence (OR=7.94, 95% CI 1.04 to 60.85) were significantly more likely to suffer physical violence. Working in the outpatient and emergency department (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.34), having direct physical contact/interaction with patients (OR=2.98, 95% CI 1.62 to 5.49), and extremely high worry about workplace violence (OR=6.47 95% CI 3.38 to 12.40) significantly increased the risk of psychological violence. When the results of the baseline survey were compared with those in this survey, it was shown that physical violence declined significantly from 8.79% in 2018 to 5.45% in 2019, while psychological violence declined significantly from 47.14% in 2018 to 41.63% in 2019. The most recognised measures were security measures (81.03%) while the least recognised measures were check-in procedures for staff (11.19%). CONCLUSION Workplace violence towards HWs is a global problem with country-specific features. In our study, workplace violence in the hospital is of great concern. While demonstrating the effectiveness of measures in some degree, there is significant room for improvement. To achieve the vision of 'zero violence' in the health sector, aligned comprehensive measures should be systematically adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yalan Lv
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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30
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Jia H, Chen R, Wei L, Zhang G, Jiao M, Liu C, Sha Z, Zhou S, Wang Y, Li J, Jia X, Ismael OY, Mao J, Wu Q. What is the impact of restricted access policy on workplace violence in general hospital? A before-after study in a CHINESE tertiary hospital. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:936. [PMID: 33046067 PMCID: PMC7549238 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the impact of a restricted access policy on workplace violence in a healthcare setting. METHODS We surveyed healthcare workers before and after the implementation of a restricted-access policy at a tertiary hospital in north-eastern China. Data were collected in April 2017 and January 2019. Fisher's exact test were used to compare the difference in workplace violence prevalence between responses to two surveys. Survey 1 (S1) collected data from 345 healthcare professionals who had worked in the inpatient ward for at least 12 months. Survey 2 (S2) included 338 healthcare workers from the same ward who had been employed for more than two years. The effective response rates for the two studies was 79.31 and 83.25%, respectively. All 18 female security guards were included in the investigation in S2. RESULTS The prevalence of psychological violence was 62.03% in S1 and 34.62% in S2, the difference in prevalence showing statistical significance (P = 0.000), while the prevalence of physical violence was 3.77 and 4.73% respectively, showing no statistical significance (P = 0.573). The change in the rate of injury caused by physical violence was also statistically significant at 76.92 and 31.25% (P = 0.025), respectively. Security guards were at high risk of workplace violence under the policy. Most healthcare professionals thought this policy ameliorated treatment order, the sense of security, anxiety about workplace violence, and so forth, but one-third of the respondents thought that it caused patient dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION While the restricted access policy may be effective for healthcare professionals in avoiding or dealing with violence, such policy could contribute to new problems regarding the safety of security guards and the potential dissatisfaction of patients. The policy should be further developed to alleviate this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Jia
- Department of Medical Affairs, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruohui Chen
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Human Resources, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Wei
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Gangyu Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Mingli Jiao
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
- Institute of Quantitative& Technical Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhuowa Sha
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yameng Wang
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jingqun Li
- Department of Cardiology, No.1 People's Hospital of Heihe, Heihe, China
| | - Xiaowen Jia
- Department of General Surgery, No.1 People's Hospital of Heihe, Heihe, China
| | - Omar Yacouba Ismael
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jingfu Mao
- Department of Human Resource Management, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qunhong Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Geoffrion S, Hills DJ, Ross HM, Pich J, Hill AT, Dalsbø TK, Riahi S, Martínez-Jarreta B, Guay S. Education and training for preventing and minimizing workplace aggression directed toward healthcare workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 9:CD011860. [PMID: 32898304 PMCID: PMC8094156 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011860.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace aggression constitutes a serious issue for healthcare workers and organizations. Aggression is tied to physical and mental health issues at an individual level, as well as to absenteeism, decreased productivity or quality of work, and high employee turnover rates at an organizational level. To counteract these negative impacts, organizations have used a variety of interventions, including education and training, to provide workers with the knowledge and skills needed to prevent aggression. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of education and training interventions that aim to prevent and minimize workplace aggression directed toward healthcare workers by patients and patient advocates. SEARCH METHODS CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, six other databases and five trial registers were searched from their inception to June 2020 together with reference checking, citation searching and contact with study authors to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cluster-randomized controlled trials (CRCTs), and controlled before and after studies (CBAs) that investigated the effectiveness of education and training interventions targeting aggression prevention for healthcare workers. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Four review authors evaluated and selected the studies resulting from the search. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included nine studies-four CRCTs, three RCTs, and two CBAs-with a total of 1688 participants. Five studies reported episodes of aggression, and six studies reported secondary outcomes. Seven studies were conducted among nurses or nurse aides, and two studies among healthcare workers in general. Three studies took place in long-term care, two in the psychiatric ward, and four in hospitals or health centers. Studies were reported from the United States, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Taiwan, and Sweden. All included studies reported on education combined with training interventions. Four studies evaluated online programs, and five evaluated face-to-face programs. Five studies were of long duration (up to 52 weeks), and four studies were of short duration. Eight studies had short-term follow-up (< 3 months), and one study long-term follow-up (> 1 year). Seven studies were rated as being at "high" risk of bias in multiple domains, and all had "unclear" risk of bias in a single domain or in multiple domains. Effects on aggression Short-term follow-up The evidence is very uncertain about effects of education and training on aggression at short-term follow-up compared to no intervention (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.27 to 0.61, 2 CRCTs; risk ratio [RR] 2.30, 95% CI 0.97 to 5.42, 1 CBA; SMD -1.24, 95% CI -2.16 to -0.33, 1 CBA; very low-certainty evidence). Long-term follow-up Education may not reduce aggression compared to no intervention in the long term (RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.37, 1 CRCT; low-certainty evidence). Effects on knowledge, attitudes, skills, and adverse outcomes Education may increase personal knowledge about workplace aggression at short-term follow-up (SMD 0.86, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.38, 1 RCT; low-certainty evidence). The evidence is very uncertain about effects of education on personal knowledge in the long term (RR 1.26, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.75, 1 RCT; very low-certainty evidence). Education may improve attitudes among healthcare workers at short-term follow-up, but the evidence is very uncertain (SMD 0.59, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.94, 2 CRCTs and 3 RCTs; very low-certainty evidence). The type and duration of interventions resulted in different sizes of effects. Education may not have an effect on skills related to workplace aggression (SMD 0.21, 95% CI -0.07 to 0.49, 1 RCT and 1 CRCT; very low-certainty evidence) nor on adverse personal outcomes, but the evidence is very uncertain (SMD -0.31, 95% CI -1.02 to 0.40, 1 RCT; very low-certainty evidence). Measurements of these concepts showed high heterogeneity. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Education combined with training may not have an effect on workplace aggression directed toward healthcare workers, even though education and training may increase personal knowledge and positive attitudes. Better quality studies that focus on specific settings of healthcare work where exposure to patient aggression is high are needed. Moreover, as most studies have assessed episodes of aggression toward nurses, future studies should include other types of healthcare workers who are also victims of aggression in the same settings, such as orderlies (healthcare assistants). Studies should especially use reports of aggression at an institutional level and should rely on multi-source data while relying on validated measures. Studies should also include days lost to sick leave and employee turnover and should measure outcomes at one-year follow-up. Studies should specify the duration and type of delivery of education and should use an active comparison to prevent raising awareness and reporting in the intervention group only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Geoffrion
- École de psychoéducation, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Danny J Hills
- School of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Heather M Ross
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jacqueline Pich
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - April T Hill
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Sanaz Riahi
- Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, Whitby, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Stéphane Guay
- School of Criminology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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A cross-sectional survey on workplace psychological violence among operating room nurses in Mainland China. Appl Nurs Res 2020; 57:151349. [PMID: 32893086 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the status of workplace psychological violence (WPV) from managers, coworkers, or subordinates against operating room (OR) nurses in mainland China and identify risk factors. BACKGROUND WPV is a serious problem for nurses. However, limited information is available regarding the prevalence and risk factors of WPV against OR nurses in mainland China. METHODS A multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted. OR nurses (n = 1557) from 26 hospitals, located in 13 cities of China, participated in this study. RESULTS Of the participants, 92.1% experienced WPV (30.9% from surgeons and 18.1% from senior nurses). Only 30.1% of the sufferers would report WPV. A logistic regression analysis revealed that nurses who had been in service longer and with senior professional titles were more likely to experience WPV. CONCLUSION Nursing managers should identify and resolve issues in a timely manner. Measures that promote effective team communication and facilitate teamwork, as well as inter-disciplinary educational workshops may be effective.
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33
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Grover A, Appelbaum N, Santen SA, Lee N, Hemphill RR, Goldberg S. Physician mistreatment in the clinical learning environment. Am J Surg 2020; 220:276-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Tian Y, Yue Y, Wang J, Luo T, Li Y, Zhou J. Workplace violence against hospital healthcare workers in China: a national WeChat-based survey. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:582. [PMID: 32349727 PMCID: PMC7189471 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace violence (WPV) is a serious issue for healthcare workers and leads to many negative consequences. Several studies have reported on the prevalence of WPV in China, which ranges from 42.2 to 83.3%. However, little information is available regarding the correlates of WPV among healthcare workers and the differences across the different levels of hospitals in China. This study aimed to explore the correlates of WPV and career satisfaction among healthcare workers in China. METHODS A self-designed WeChat-based questionnaire was used that included demographic and occupational factors. The Chinese version of the Workplace Violence Scale was used to measure WPV. Career satisfaction was assessed using two questions about career choices. Descriptive analyses, chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regressions were used. RESULTS A total of 3706 participants (2750 nurses and 956 doctors) responded to the survey. Among the 3684 valid questionnaires, 2078 (56.4%) reported at least one type of WPV in the last year. Multivariate logistic regressions revealed that male sex, shift work, bachelor's degree education, a senior professional title, working more than 50 h per week and working in secondary-level hospitals were risk factors associated with WPV. Healthcare workers who had experienced higher levels of WPV were less likely to be satisfied with their careers. CONCLUSIONS WPV remains a special concern for the Chinese healthcare system. Interventions to reduce WPV should be implemented by health authorities to create a zero-violence practice environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Tian
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.,Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.,XiangYa School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yuchen Yue
- Department of Psychiatry, CIUSSSE-CHUS - Hôtel-Dieu, Université de Sherbrooke, 580, rue Bowen Sud, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.,Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.,XiangYa School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ting Luo
- XiangYa School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China. .,XiangYa School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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